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Agenda 02/03/2015 W (Libraries) AGENDA BCC WORKSHOP MEETING February 3 , 2015 �' N 9,iq�i� • i • Collier Count y Government (,r , ,� Communication & Customer Relations 3299 Tamiami Trail E., Suite 102 colliergov.net Naples,Florida 34112-5746 twitter.com/Collier.PlO facebook.com/CollierGov voutube.com/CollierGov January 28,2015 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE NOTICE OF PUBLIC MEETING LIBRARY OPERATIONS WORKSHOP BOARD OF COLLIER COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA REVISED TUESDAY,FEBRUARY 3,2015 1 P.M. Notice is hereby given that the Collier County Board of County Commissioners will hold a public workshop at 1 p.m. on Tuesday, Feb. 3, in the Board of County Commissioners chambers,third floor, Collier County Government Center, 3299 Tamiami Trail E.,Naples, Florida 34112. This workshop will be broadcast live on Collier Television and via colliergov.net. Discussion topics include, but are not limited to, library operations. About the public meeting: All interested parties are invited to attend and to register to speak. All registered public speakers will be limited to three minutes unless permission for additional time is granted by the chairman. Collier County Ordinance No. 2004-05 requires that all lobbyists shall, before engaging in any lobbying activities (including, but not limited to, addressing the Board of County Commissioners, an advisory board or quasi-judicial board), register with the Clerk to the Board at the Board Minutes and Records Department. Anyone who requires an auxiliary aid or service for effective communication, or other reasonable accommodations in order to participate in this proceeding, should contact the Collier County Facilities Management Department, located at 3335 Tamiami Trail E., Naples, Florida 34112, or (239) 252-8380, as soon as possible, but no later than 48-hours before the scheduled event. Such reasonable accommodations will be provided at no cost to the individual. For more information, call the County Manager's Office at(239)252-8383. COLLIER COUNTY Board of County Commissioners WORKSHOP AGENDA Board of County Commission Chambers Collier County Government Center 3299 Tamiami Trail East,3rd Floor Naples FL 34112 February 3,2015 1:00 P.M. Commissioner Tim Nance,District 5-BCC Chair Commissioner Donna Fiala,District 1-BCC Vice-Chair; CRAB Chair Commissioner Georgia Hiller,District 2 -Community&Economic Development Chair Commissioner Tom Henning District 3-Public Safety Coordinating Council Chair Commissioner Penny Taylor,District 4-TDC Chair; CRAB Vice-Chair 1. Pledge of Allegiance 2. Collier County Library Operations 3. Public Comment 4. Adjourn Notice: All persons wishing to speak must turn in a speaker slip. Each speaker will receive no more than three(3)minutes. Collier County Ordinance No.2003-53 as amended by Ordinance 2004-05 and 2007-24,requires that all lobbyists shall,before engaging in any lobbying activities(including but not limited to,addressing the Board of County Commissioners),register with the Clerk to the Board at the Board Minutes and Records Department. Table of Contents Introduction Mission Statement Brief History Library Locations System Snap-shot Current and Historical Activity Measures Expenditures for Library Materials AUIR Operating Statistics Library Value Calculator Current Projects LEAP RFID and Self-Checkout Stations iPads and Children Text Messaging Library Advisory Board,Friends of the Library, and FLA Standards LAB Members and Ordinance 93-86 Friends of the Library Fact Sheet Florida Library Standards for Public Libraries Future Trends in Public Libraries Examples Repurposing Space Rising To the Challenge:Strategies for Success Libraries Add Economic Value to Local Communities Going Forward Recommendation to implement Strategic Planning Process E-book and E-audio book public survey Supplemental Information PEW Research Center:How Americans Value Public Libraries PEW Research Center:From Distant Admirers to Library Lovers—and Beyond PEW Research Center: Younger Americans'Library Habits and Expectations The User is(Still) Not Broken, by Brian Kenney Public Libraries Add Social Workers and Social Programs, by Barbara Blank Texas Library Offers Glimpse of Bookless Future Unique Management Materials Recovery Service Collier County Public Library Mission Statement To provide and promote Library information and sustain services that enlighten the minds and enrich the lives of community residents and visitors of all ages. Brief History of the COLLIER COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 1957 - Present Collier County Public Library Opened 1957 in Naples Women's Club Collier County Public Library (HQ) 1966 Headquarters- New Wing 1976 Headquarters Library Opened February 1992 Book Mobile Service 1958 -1981 Everglades City Branch Enlarged December 1995 Immokalee Branch Library 1970 Roberts Avenue Immokalee Branch Library Opened 1978 Book Mobile Service to IM 1958 Golden Gate Branch Opened 1978 Golden Gate Branch Library Opened December 1993 Collier North Branch(Vanderbilt) Opened 1981 Collier North Branch Library (Vanderbilt) Opened June 1994 Marco Island Branch Library Opened July 1974 Marco Island Branch Library Opened 1988 Marco Island Branch Opened March 1998 East Naples Branch Library Opened in a store-front November 1981 East Naples Branch Library Opened 1989 (permanent building) Estates Branch Library Opened January 1995 Headquarters Library (new) Opened February 2002 Golden Gate Branch Library Opened July 2008 South Regional Library Opened May 2 Collier County Public Library was founded as a department of county government in 1957,by a resolution of the Board of County Commissioners. 1957,however,does not represent the beginning of public library service in Collier County.Library service was initiated by local women's clubs, which provided volunteers to staff and stock a library facility in donated space.A bookmobile originally provided library service in Immokalee.In 1970,a small metal building on Roberts Avenue was rented from the Immokalee Chamber of Commerce,as the first library building.This location was used until 1978,when the current facility was constructed,with funds from a Federal Economic Development Administration(FEDA) grant. Two other branch libraries were also built in 1978.The Golden Gate Branch and the Collier North Branch(now the Vanderbilt Beach Branch)shared the same basic Immokalee floor plan.Federal funds were used to build Golden Gate Branch,but not the Collier North Branch. In 1988,a 6,000 square foot replacement for the Marco Island Branch doubled the size of the old building.It was also relocated to a high traffic road near a County Park.Phenomenal growth on Marco Island required the further enlargement of this building by 6,400 square feet in 1998. In 1989,the 6,600 square foot East Naples Branch was built,with Library Services and Construction Act Funds totaling$200,000 and County capital construction funds.Total cost was over$620,000. In 1992,the Headquarters Library(now the Naples Regional Library) addition and renovation were completed,resulting in a 36,000 square foot building.It is located in near down town Naples,on a full city block of land donated to the Friends of the Library. In 1993 and 1994,the Golden Gate and Collier North Branches (now the Vanderbilt Beach Branch) were increased in size to 7,000 square feet. In 1995,the Estates Branch Library opened to the public.It is an 11,000 square foot building located in the Urban Estates Planning District of the County. In 2002,the new Headquarters Library opened in the highly visible location at the corner of Orange Blossom Drive and Airport-Pulling Road. It is 42,000 square feet,and includes Library Administration and Technical Services offices. The new 17,000 square foot Golden Gate Branch Library was completed in July 2008.Funds were not available to renovate the old building and enlarge it.Therefore,the new building is separate building. Construction of the County's third regional library was completed in May 2009,with the opening of the South Regional Library. It is a 36,000 square foot building and has the ability to be enlarged when the population and usage warrant. In the fifty-eight year period since the formal founding of the Collier County Public Library,the population of the county has increased from 40,000 to 335,000+permanent residents,with an estimated additional 150,000+residents during the winter season. Circulation has increased from 40,000 to over 2.5 million items. Headquarters Yet tit - • Year Opened: 2002 Staff: 18.0 FTEs Open Hours per Week: 64 (7 days/week) The Headquarters Library is the largest library in the system, at 42,000 square feet. In addition to public spaces, Library Administration, Technical Services and Automation Services operate from this location which provide services to all libraries. The 94-seat Sugden Theater features comfortable theater-style seating and a sound and video project system for public and library programs. The courtyard can seat up to 300 in lawn and folding chairs. HQ is located in an area dense in both population and popular shopping. It is very convenient for the public to use 'on their way'to many locations,and is the most used of all the libraries. This is the only library open on Sunday. Sunday staff members rotate in from the other CCPL libraries. The Children's Department has a wide variety of preschool, afterschool and summer programs for children through middle school,with only a few teen programs. Naples Regional , . . . - 4 . .:., - ,,, ' - A. ,,, I,, -,,' , .„.. .),_, .. .) . t .44' y � r . r ,---...-,,, ,,, - ',- 2-4,,,,,;.c,-,,x'.:, .&. . - - __ i ____., , ., ,,,,,„ . , ..... Year Opened: Original building 1964, current building 1992 Staff: 16.0 FTEs Open Hours per Week: 54 (Monday-Saturday) The Naples Regional Library, built in 1992, was the original Headquarters Library, until the new HQ opened in 2002. Its 36,000 square feet features a meeting room that seats up to 125,in flexible seating configurations. Both local computer groups use the facility for its monthly and special meetings.The land the library sits on is owned by the Friends of the Library,and leased to the County for$1 per year.This is the only library within the Naples city limits. NR has shelf space for the largest physical book collection, including the Genealogy collection. The Friends of the Library of Collier County, Inc., maintain an office here. The Mail-A-Book program operates from this location, providing books and audiovisual materials to those physically unable to visit a library. Children's services have decreased in recent years,as the population of children in the area has declined, despite being located next to the Gulf View Middle School. There are a few neighborhoods within walking distance with children, but most of the Gulf View students are bussed in from other areas of the county. A separate teen room is provided for the middle- school and high school students. South Regional E """'■rte• a �w , l., I -s�R M I ii 1. '' it - 4 , V i 4 i i Year Opened: 2009 Staff: 9.5 FTEs Open Hours per Week: 54 (Monday-Saturday) South Regional Library is located between Florida South Western State College and Lely Elementary School, off Collier Boulevard in East Naples. SR is also the newest library and opened in May 2009. It is 30,000 square feet. Many area residents are seasonal, and circulation is not has high as anticipated before construction. However, new housing construction has increased and will likely affect the dynamics in the area. Library has a large meeting room that can accommodate up to 400 people, in theater style seating. Room can be divided by a sliding wall into two spaces,with each holding up to 125. The large Children's Department has separate rooms for small programs and for craft programs. SR also has 4 individual study rooms and a group study room that can hold about 20 people.Adults,teens and children have separate computer areas. Marco Island Branch { • ti I . -44 r 11t 3 _ \ t Year Opened: 1974 Building on current site opened 1988 Staff: 4.5 FTEs Open Hours per Week: 44 (Monday— Friday) Marco Island is a community library of 16,245 square feet,serving the fishing villages of Goodland and Isles of Capri,as well as the City of Marco Island.The population is very seasonal, and circulation drops significantly in the summer. The Marco Island Friends of the Library completed construction of the Rose Hall Meeting Room addition in 2010.All construction funds were donated. Budget and staff reductions since 2007 have eliminated library hours on Saturdays,forcing the community to drive to the South Regional Library for weekend library needs. Staff rotates into the Saturday schedule at the South Regional Library.About 12-14%of MI usage is of children's materials. Vanderbilt Beach Branch 4 , d i sttiJ 1 _ .........r_._... 1411 .�.,� ,.; _ ...,»,. Year Opened: 1978 Square Footage: 7,000 Open Hours per Week: 42 (Monday-Friday) Vanderbilt Beach Branch is a neighborhood library that provides library services to the northern, residential part of Collier County, including some exclusive beach areas, as well as more moderate housing areas. Moderate to extensive shopping is available. The beach is about 8 blocks from the library. Several major hotels surround the library. The moderate housing area has an elementary school. Because of the busy road (Vanderbilt Beach Road), not many children walk to the Library. Staff rotate into the Saturday schedule at the nearby Headquarters Library. About 14% of materials used are children's materials. Golden Gate Branch Year Opened: Original building 1978, current building 2008 Square Footage: 24,000 Open Hours per Week: 52 (Monday-Saturday) Golden Gate Branch is a community library of 17,000 square feet,primarily serving the Golden Gate City area. It is located in a mixed-use area that includes moderate shopping areas,significant residential housing, a community and government center,and schools. Much of the population visits the library by walking and biking. Many students walk to the library after school to use the public computers. Two small study rooms and a conference room are popular with the community.The area children take advantage of the children's department and programs. A glassed in computer lab is popular with all ages. Golden Gate population does not vary as much seasonally as other parts of the County. About 28% of library use is of children's and YA materials. East Naples Branch if :4' ,- = tK.. . '`k %,,.‘p' ''�r ° .] 1 ` .. ' .' .10 fR.a l " � A ". 4 s i (.' +r (^�f° 3 rya, . ♦tom F. �'i,�\,.,r• ti.: —, ., �, yak' i.••^ns., —,44---s. f %. s` `,r .A 'r` 5 414 - I * t.Yt NAME,4RW[t It altl,«- .wen i { It t yyy, # 3 4,41ffl I:1111 , ,,,,„„..„..., k,_ , . _ _ _ . _ . ,... _ ___ „ - • , ....___. f y a r ' .., .• 4 ."'wMYiicw P_- ...,. .. ,r,.... Year Opened: 1989 Square Footage: 6,600 Open Hours per Week: 42 (Monday- Friday) East Naples is a neighborhood library that provides library services to the eastern part of Collier County,comprised mainly of lower density housing areas. Shopping areas are minimal.There is a nearby high school. Potential growth needs to be considered. Several housing areas have broken ground and could dramatically increase the East Naples Library activity. The 6,600 square foot building was over used and stuffed with shelves and materials.The small space and small parking lot could not keep up with customer activity. In 2009,the South Regional Library was built to provide more adequate space and materials for the growing East Naples population. During the first year of operation,the East Naples location lost 70%of its customers and circulation. Some activity has returned—but not significantly.Time will tell if the new developments will generate adequate usage. Staff has tried to evaluate potential uses and has made changes appropriate to the changing customers. Public use computers are always busy.Additional computers would provide better service. The library still attracts those needing public computers and children for the offered programs. 10 to 12% of usage is of children's materials.The percentage seems to be increasing slightly in FY2013. Staff was reduced due the recession,and hours were reduced to 4 days a week. Staff rotate into the Saturday schedule at the nearby South Regional Library. Work still needs to be done to evaluate and make changes relevant to its location. Estates Branch „' ♦ 1 MOT 2.^ S M Year Opened: 1995 Square Footage: 11,182 Open Hours per Week: 42 (Monday- Friday) The Estates Branch is a neighborhood library that serves the rural estates area,beyond Collier Boulevard,in eastern Golden Gate Estates. Primary customers are those who live in the neighborhood and drive by the library.Approximately 60-65%of circulation is that of children's materials. The library is located in low density housing area,with very little shopping. It is on a major east-west road. Some school buses pick up and drop off kids off at the library. Staff rotate into Saturday schedule at the Golden Gate Branch. Library has an active children's program and a computer lab for the public.Adult programs tend to be family related. Meeting room space is moderate,and can hold approximately 75+ people. Immokalee Branch Mfr a »ig • t¢ Iu.y*. . _.�. COLLIER COUNTY - I PUBLIC LIBRARY A.... IMMONALEE BRANCH Year Opened: 1978 (remodeling and expansion completed in 2004) Square Footage: 8,000 Open Hours per Week: 40 (Monday- Friday) The Estates Branch is a neighborhood library that serves the rural estates area,beyond Collier Boulevard,in eastern Golden Gate Estates. Primary customers are those who live in the neighborhood and drive by the library.Approximately 60-65%of circulation is that of children's materials. The library is located in low density housing area,with very little shopping. It is on a major east-west road. Some school buses pick up and drop off kids off at the library. Staff rotate into Saturday schedule at the Golden Gate Branch. Library has an active children's program and a computer lab for the public.Adult programs tend to be family related. Meeting room space is moderate,and can hold approximately 75+ people. A Everglades City { 1,+}) ' � s r ' A 1 4' - .. _. � ....._-T -T, iiiip 0� .pit 2 AL .�� _� 3 1��'1 k+lL k: A �e". ,y )ii'1 li � }.;, N.__ "c. •.�, 1.. 1 1.*A04 , i iitti,y i. Sfj,A, . • \'''''. I eiiii'd- ii' ' ,, ,,N „ ,�` CITY HAIL if 0 r": ID ' A q i r .. 1, i9#i q.li 111. X16 tW 9Y �� I�� ' lill' ,,,,„r n , ; � �i�, _ 1 �' Y .4r 't .K „4,t , s- pa Square Footage: 900 Open Hours per Week: 32.5 (Monday-Friday) Everglades City Branch is a small,two-room,900 square foot library facility in the Everglades City Hall.The sole staff member works for the Tax Collector,selling licenses, collecting fines,and a variety of other jobs,including checking out library materials. The Library has about 7,000 items. Most popular areas are DVDs,current fiction and information about Everglades City and Florida. Library has one public-use computer and public WiFi. System Snap-Shot CCPL serves an average year-round population of 341,900. It is estimated that the winter seasonal population of the county is 17% greater than the permanent population (Collier County Comprehensive Planning, 2014). The library system currently employs 86.5 FTEs, and an ever-expanding materials collection, which at the beginning of the 2015 Fiscal Year included: • 515,032 book volumes, • 45,986 audio volumes, • 87,387 video volumes, • 18,012 electronic books and audio. In the year 2014, CCPL: • circulated over 2.5 million items, • had over 1.2 million visitors, • had over 1.1 million visits to the CCPL website, • answered over 197,000 reference questions, • provided 44,914 free Wi-Fi sessions, • was assisted by volunteer hours totaling over 9 full time employees. Patrons also had access to: • 82 electronic databases, • 665 print magazine subscriptions, • 2,371 adult,young adult, and children's programs. 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Q O 0) C U) U) a) CO Ct) N c- If) O) N O (9 M O N. 0) (0 O 00 N 0) CO [t 0 O CO 00 CO CO c- CO 00 0) ("4 a) Co N 0) N 0) O CO CO 00 13 Cn v- -4' O O CO 00 d' Nt c- co <4-3- .4' � N N.- CO r" N N' I O) O N CO Lf) CD N a) c- N N U) O (0 N Nf N v- N r- CO , >- CO in co N Lf) N N N O (1) .7 LL CO D- Li_ 4-- r 0 �- W 0 45 Q d c -a c a; cn .c a� J § (Y r a c (v (n c a) (n = U = C U N N U CD Q Z = C = CC COC CC d 0 CD •'= Q 'O R 2 cC 2 C7 p- -J F- c �' (C m U I- O W CO a�i N m Z m n m a�j p m a=i Z CO" a Z co OU 'Q to _ N U V_ N U) 'Q «_ y r (y L O y U H-� R p as yam,+ N U W Q 5 2 (u W (v CD 0 " CI) 0 W N 07 (n Z Z u) N W (n to Z f/) R W > ca (...) v CD J cn •- a) m W CL m co cn a Library Value Calculator Input Your I Value of Use Library Service Service 1 Books Borrowed 515.00 1 Magazines Borrowed $3.00 1 Movies Borrowed $4.50 1 Audio Books Borrowed $10.00 1 Museum Passes Borrowed $20.00 1 Magazine Use in Library $3.00 1 Interlibrary Loan $25.00 1 Meeting Room Use Per Hour $50.00 1 Auditorium Use Per Hour s 250.00 LAdult Programs and Classes Attended $10.00 1 Children's Programs Attended $6.00 1 Hours of Computer Use (e.g., Internet, MS Word) S 12.00 1 Newspapers Viewed Online $1.00 1 Use of Other Database Searches like Florida Electronic Library $50.00 1 Reference Questions Asked $7.00 TOTAL Calculate The Value of YOUR Library Use ! Clear 466.50 If you use one item from each category, you save $466.50! And who can read `just one book'! How much money can saving by using Collier County Public Library services and materials? Library Electronic Assistance Program (LEAP) The Collier County Public Library and the Friends of the Library initiated the Library Electronic Assistance Program (LEAP) pilot program in 2013.The program,funded by the Friends of the Library,provides seven Collier County students the opportunity to work up to ten hours per week assisting library patrons with their various electronic device needs, using either a patron's own personal device or equipment from the library.Assistance can range from instructing patrons on how to download eBooks on their personal devices to helping set up email accounts.When not providing electronic assistance,the teens will help library staff with shelving materials and other library projects. LEAP students are at least 16-years-old,enrolled in high school or home school,have knowledge of electronic devices and computers,provide a letter of recommendation from their guidance counselor or similar representative,and express an interest in working with the public. The program provides valuable work experience including being interviewed,recording scheduled work hours,and assisting the public and library staff both independently and as a part of the library team. LEAP students are available to provide one-on-one technology help at the following seven libraries: Headquarters Naples Regional South Regional Golden Gate Marco Island Immokalee Vanderbilt Beach it4 RFID and Self Check-Out In September 2014 the Library, contracting with Bibliotheca,affixed the first of thousands of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tags in library materials. Over 640,000 items would be tagged in less than 10 weeks. This was the first step towards implementing the Library's three year phased plan to install self check-out stations and RFID security gates at all Collier County public libraries. The goal of the RFID and self check-out program is to provide a more effective and efficient means of controlling the Library's inventory while making library staff more accessible to the patron to do what we do best—help patrons answer their questions and find what they are looking for. Currently,the Headquarters and Marco Island staff are completing the final training to "go live"with self check-out. All other libraries are equipped and staff trained to utilize the RFID tagging with circulation functions for checking materials in and out, inventory, and collection management. Self check-out and security gate equipment will be implemented in a phased process as funding allows over the next two years. T . iPads and Children Capitalizing on current technology,the latest research and the Library's objective of creating informal learning environments for children of all ages,the Youth Services Librarians have created storytimes and other interactive programs using iPads. Young adult patrons led the way by participating in Caught in the Act!,a completely hands-on program using iPads and video production applications. Teens helped document the mischief and mayhem of stuffed animals lent to us by toddlers and preschoolers for a special sleepover. Area teens explored all elements of film production including script writing,shooting techniques and digital editing using iMovie. The movie was posted on the Library's YouTube channel and shown to the kids and their families when they pick up their stuffed animals. (Go to www.collierlibrary.org and select the link for YouTube Channel) Youth Services Librarians then took iPads into storytime for interactive use with toddlers and preschoolers alike. iPad applications are used to enhance the reinforcement of the six early literacy skills as identified in the 2000 Every Child Ready to Read initiative (see Table 1). The iPads are just another tool public service librarians use to foster creativity, imagination and learning in children. Table 1 Six Early Literacy Skills Phonological Awareness: Being able to hear and play with the smaller sounds in words. Narrative Skills: Being able to describe things and events,and tell stories with a beginning,middle,and end. Letter Knowledge: Knowing the names,sounds,and shapes of letters. Vocabulary: Knowing the names of things. Print Awareness: Noticing print as it surrounds you in the environment. Print Motivation: Having fun with books figINt TEXT MESSAGING The Library currently notifies library patrons via e-mail and telephone calls of materials being held for them and of overdue materials. Printed notices were eliminated two years ago in order to cut down on the time materials spend on the hold shelf waiting for pick up,and to reduce postage costs. The Library is finding that many patrons who depend on technology no longer check e-mail on a regular basis.We are being asked to send notices via text messages— which is not a part of our current automation system. Software can be purchased for this purpose. Staff is evaluating the products available and will make a decision soon on which software solution provides the required services most effectively and most economically. Library expects to start using text messaging in the late Spring 2015. Collier County Public Library Welcome to the Library! Library Advisory Board The Collier County Library Advisory Board is appointed by the Board of County Commissioners. The five Library Advisory Board members serve four year terms, establish library policy, and recommend courses of action concerning the future development of the library system. The Library Advisory Board meetings are held on the third Wednesday of each month at the Headquarters Library and are open to the public. Current Members: Loretta Murray - Vice Chair - District 1 - MI, EN Carla Grieve - District 2 - HQ, VB Constance (Connie) L. Bettinger-Hennink - District 3 - GG Doris J. Lewis - Chair - District 4 - NB Lillian Cuevas - District 5 - EB, EV, IM 1 f I ORDINANCE 93-86 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING COLLIER COUNTY (r,• ��r��2 ORDINANCE NO. 88-71 AND THEREBY PROVIDING ;', FOR APPOINTMENT AND COMPOSITION; TERMS OF �� „\ OFFICE; REMOVAL FROM OFFICE AND FAILURE TO w. ATTEND MEETINGS, PROVIDING FOR OFFICERS, O i QUORUM, AND RULES OF PROCEDURE; rl ��J � REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES; SETTING FORTH THE 1, �� ��� N FUNCTIONS, POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE LIBRARY 4 ' A ADVISORY BOARD; DUTIES OF THE LIBRARY �n �S} y��i DIRECTOR OR DESIGNEE; REVIEW PROCESS; 47£2eL1401.6- PROVIDING FOR CONFLICT AND SEVERABILITY; PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners of Collier County, Florida, established the Collier County Public Library and in September, 1957, the Governor of Florida appointed five (5) individuals to serve as the first Library Advisory Board; and WHEREAS, Chapter 71-14, Laws of Florida, provides that members of the Collier County Library Advisory Board are to be appointed by the Board of County Commissioners; and WHEREAS, in January, 1973, the Board of County Commissioners made its first appointments to the Library Advisory Board; and WHEREAS, Collier County Ordinance No. 86-41 established standards for creation and review of County Boards including the Library Advisory Board; and WHEREAS, Collier County Ordinance No. 88-71 confirmed the creation of the Library Advisory Board and established terms and conditions of membership on the Library Advisory Board; and WHEREAS, Collier County Ordinance No. 92-44 amended Collier County Ordinance No. 86-41; and WHEREAS, it is appropriate that Collier County Ordinance No. 88-71 be amended in certain respects to be consistent with County Ordinance No. 86-41, as amended. 4 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY r . SECTION TWO. APPOINTMENT AND COMPOSITION a) The Library Advisory Board (herein "Board") shall consist of five (5) members wh-ieh who shall represent the five (5) County Commission Districts. b) Members of the Board shall be appointed by and serve at the pleasure of the Board of County Commissioners. Said members shall be permanent residents and electors of Collier County. c) Appointment of members to serve on the L -y Adveery Board shall be by resolution of the Board of County Commissioners, which resolution shall set forth the date of appointment and the term of office. - = --the Library Advisory Board shall be- made from those members ._ . . _ - : , tThe Board of County Commissioners shall request and accept applications from the general public to - .1 - 4 - - - - . _ . . - . - _ . _ - serve as members of te the Board. SECTION THREE. TERMS OF OFFICE The initial terms of office of the Board shall be as follows: • a) Two (2) mom:- - - - . - - , b) Three (3) members will serve until December 31, 1988. Thereafter, a) Each appointment or reappointment shall be for a term of four (4) years. A person shall not be considered to have served a full term of office unless that person has served at least two (2) years. All terms of office shall expire on the 3lst day of December. the remainder of the unexpired term of office. cl Notwithstanding the above, an individual may be reappointed to the Board after a hiatus of at least two years. SECTION FOUR. REMOVAL FROM OFFICE; FAILURE TO ATTEND MEETINGS a} Members of the Board serve at the pleasure of the Board of County Commissioners and &any member of the Board may be removed from office by a majority vote of the Board of County Commissioners. Members shall attend all meetings of the Board and committees to which they may be appointed. Any-Board member who is absent for more than one-half of the Board's meetings in a given fiscal year shall be deemed to have tendered his or her resignation from the Board. Should any Board member be absent from two (2) consecutive Board meetings without a satisfactory excuse acceptable to the Board chairman. the Board chairman shall state such fact at the next regularly scheduled Board meeting and shall thereafter notify, in writing, the Administrative Assistant to the County Commission of the Board member's failure to attend without satisfactory excuse. A member of the Board shall be deemed absent from a meeting when he or she is not present during at least 75% of the meeting. No Board member shall serve at any meeting after his or her position has been declared vacant by the Commission. Iftbe f--;h- - ' • s o ... . • - attend two— }--ee - - - . - . ' . . _ ._. . • - - • : - without a satisfactory excuse, or if a mcvnber is absent from _ -e Library Advisory Board's meetings in _ . - - _ ._. . . _ _ _ . -d the vacancy shall be filled by y b) The presence of three (3) or more members shall constitute a quorum of the Board necessary to take action and transact business. In addition, an affirmative vote of three (3) or more members shall be necessary in order to take official action, regardless of whether three (3) or more members of the Board are present at a meeting. c) The Board shall, by majority vote of the entire membership, adopt rules of procedure for the transaction of business and shall keep a record of meetings, resolutions, findings and determinations. SECTION SIX. REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES Members of the Board shall serve without compensation, but shall be entitled to receive reimbursement for expenses reasonably incurred in the performance of their duties upon prior approval of the Board of County Commissioners. SECTION SEVEN. FUNCTIONS, POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE LIBRARY ADVISORY BOARD The functions, powers and duties of the Library Advi3ery Board shall be as follows: a1 Act on behalf of the Board of County Commissioners to establish policies of the Library Department including, but not limited to, policies relating to materials acquisition and circulation, collection development, and eligibility of individuals for library services. Any proposed policy that directly affects members of the public must be reviewed and approved for legal sufficiency by the County Attorney's Office. b) Review, investig. - . - _ - • - _ - . relating to library policie3. __ ___a) 1 Act solely in an advisory capacity to the Board of programs that will benefit the Collier County Library System. d) Review and rccommcn= - - -- - _ - s .. - s a - - . . - - . year for the operation of the Collie • = . - . . _ - - _.,- . .Amend as appropriate the "Guidelines and By=laws" to that govern the operation of the Board, subject to final approval by the Board of County Commissioners. SECTION EIGHT. DUTIES OF THE COUNTY LIBRARY DIRECTOR OR DESIGNEE The duties of the County Library Director or h-D .esignee shall be: a) Administer the activities of the Library Advisory Board in accordance with established policies of the Board of County Commissioners,,_, and the guidelines;, and by-laws, and policies adopted by the Board. b) Prepare the annual budget in accordance with the Board's budgetary advice as specified in Section Seven, Paragraph d b, above. c) Provide periodic written reports to the Library AdvIsery Board and the Public Services Administrator on the activities of the Collier County Library System and its finances in accordance with established guidelines.,_ by-laws and policies of the Board of County Commissioners er and the Board. d) Attend all Board meetings. SECTION NINE. REVIEW PROCESS The Board shall be reviewed once every four (4) years - _ • - - - - - - ' - e : : , in accordance • with the procedures outlined in Ordinance No. 86-41y as amended. • separate, distinct and independent provision and such holding shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion. SECTION THREE. EFFECTIVE DATE This ordinance shall become effective upon receipt of notice from the Secretary of State that this ordinance has been filed with the Secretary of State. PASSED AND DULY ADOPTED by the Board of County Commissioners of Collier County, Florida, this 7� day of / , 1993. ATTEST,:„ ;,, D II(RTy E:'/B.00K, Clerk BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS \-, <.6) COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA q / GJF �r,i d.fl ` By: "� B T L. SAUNDERS, Chairman ppgroed>,,•as' to form and legal�sui�f iciency: 1..."i ( Thbmas C. Palme Assistant County Attorney This ordinance filed with the Secretary of Stcte's Office t.1)et ite66day of) 7i7Z'. / and acknowledgement of at filin received thi-..t 4-/day ccp/bd/6352 of _ , /� ,S�,, , y' .ry i friends Fact Sheet Friends of the Library of Collier County, Inc. was formed in 1957 to establish a free public library system in Collier County. Friends fund the expansion and enhancement of educational, recreational and technological needs at all Collier County Public Library branches. Friends have contributed over $2 million in the last 10 years to meet library needs. The Friends have nearly 3,000 dues paying members and are one of the largest non-profit organizations in Collier County. Did you know? Friends, Mr. & Mrs. Ferdinand Lee, donated the Central Avenue site for a public library in 1963 and that this land, upon which the Naples Regional Library sits, is still owned by the Friends? The Central Avenue site is leased to Collier County for $1 per year. Did you know? Friends Events... • Annual "Nick Linn Lecture Series" consists of four nationally known authors with 600 attendees per lecture. • Bagels and Book Clubs Breakfasts • Non-Fiction Lecture Series • The West Wing Art Gallery at the Naples Regional Library Did you know? Friends purchased... • Artwork for Children's Library Spaces • Circulation Desk(s) for Immokalee and Vanderbilt Beach Branch Library • Florida Book Collection • Genealogy Reference Books and Related Materials • Ipads for library program users Did you know? Friends continue to pay for... • All Paid Public Programs in all Library Branches • Library Employee of the Month Recognition Programs • Library Volunteer Recognition Programs • Professional Development and Continuing Educational Opportunities for Library Staff • Staff Graduate Degree Scholarships (Master of Library Science Degree) Did you know? Friends funded capital construction projects such as... • Rose Hall and Reading Patio at Marco Island Branch Library • Sugden Library Theater at the Headquarters Library • Sugden Reading Patio and Mackworth G. Rees Meeting Room at Naples Regional Library Did you know? Friends support... • Adult Literacy Program Needs • Audio/Visual Equipment for Program Usage • Public Use Computers & Software for both Adults and Children • Genealogy Programs and Electronic Databases Did you know? Friends assist with... • Children's Story Times Materials and Supplies • Early Childhood Developmental Reading Program Supplies (beginning age 6 mos.) • Library Office and Operating Supplies Did you know? Friends contribute toward... • Adult and Children's Books • Children's Furniture and Activity tables • Children's Summer Reading Program Software and Incentive Rewards • Classic, Foreign and Documentary Film Series Screened at Regional Libraries Friends have played a key role in expanding educational opportunities for and broadening the horizons of Collier County's children, their families, residents and visitors. In good times and bad, the library is viewed by all as an important resource for information, entertainment and community. Please consider becoming one of the Friends today. Your tax deductible membership is only $30 for individuals and $40 for families. By joining the Friends, you will have the satisfaction of knowing you have helped make the library a better place. Join us... Because Friends matter. FRIENDS OF THE LIBRARY OF COLLIER COUNTY, INC. IS A 501(C)3 NONPROFIT CORPORATION. A COPY OF THE OFFICIAL REGISTRATION AND FINANCIAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE DIVISION OF CONSUMER SERVICES BY CALLING TOLL- FREE WITHIN THE STATE 1-800-435-7352. REGISTRATION DOES NOT IMPLY ENDORSEMENT, APPROVAL, OR RECOMMENDATION BY THE STATE. REGISTRATION#SC-07705. 4 fr,ends The mind and heart of the community' Friends of the Library of Collier County, Inc. 650 Central Avenue • Naples,FL 34102 • Tel: 239.262.8135 • Fax: 239.262.1193 Email: friends @collier-friends.org • Web: www.collier-friends.org Standards for Florida Public Libraries 2004 2006 Revision (Revision in Process–201 5) The Florida Library Association, in consultation with all Florida public libraries, maintains,revises and publishes suggested standards for Florida public libraries. The Library is an institutional member of FLA, and will participate in the discussion to revise the Public Library Standards. Core Standards • Governance: The library is established and operated in accordance with relevant state and federal laws,specifically Florida Statutes, Section 257.17. • Access: the library provides services free of charge to everyone in its service population. • Access: Hours open: o Essential 40 hours a week at one outlet o Enhanced 68 hours,including 20 during evenings/weekends o Exemplary 76 hours, 7 days a week, 4 evenings • Public Presence: Libraries/systems spend a minimum of 1% of operating budget on community relations program,including marketing library services, increasing public awareness and public relations. • Public Presence: Library leadership—including board members,friends, and senior management staff—are articulate in communicating about library services and needs. • Funding: Public libraries are funded primarily through local tax revenues. • Staffing: Full-time Equivalent staff per 1,000 of population served: o Essential .3 FTE o Enhanced .5 FTE o Exemplary .6 FTE • Continuing Education: Hours of formal and informal continuing education and training per employee each year: Professional Staff Support Staff o Essential .3 FTE 24 16 o Enhanced .5 FTE 34 22 o Exemplary .6 FTE 48 32 • Currency of Library Materials:Annually delete at least 5% of the total number of items available at the start of the fiscal year and add each year a percentage to achieve desired levels noted below. • Number of items in all formats in the collection: Quality Level Number of items in all formats,per capita Up to 25,000 25,001 to 100,001 to 750,001 population 100,000 750,000 and up population population population Essential 10,000minimum, 3 2 2 2 per capita preferred Enhanced 4 3.5 3 2.5 Exemplary 5 4.5 4. 3 • Type of materials: The library provides access to materials available on the Internet and the databases available through the Florida Electronic Library • Type of materials: The library provides materials in a variety of formats and includes new formats as they become of interest to the service population. • Square footage per capita: Quality Level Total gross square feet per capita Up to 25,000 25,001 to 100,001 to 750,001 population 100,000 750,000 and up population population population Essential .6 SF with .8 desired .6 SF .6 SF .6 SF Enhanced .9 SF .8 SF .7 SF .65 SF Exemplary 1.0 SF 1.0 SF 1.0 SF .85 SF • Services: The Library provides at a minimum those services that are considered basic to the mission of all public libraries,that is,lending, information,programs,public space,and Internet access and personal computing applications services. Future Trends in Public Libraries The quiet library of the past is not the library of today. Barbara Trainin Blank • Collaborate with social service agencies to provide patron access to social workers. Such programs are successfully in place in the San Francisco Public Library system and many other public library systems throughout California. Public libraries in Ohio, Colorado, Missouri, Washington DC, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New York also provide services and programs using social workers and health care workers to address issues faced by society's neediest. • Library service 24/7. The Salt Lake City Public Library in Utah is proposing to their Board 24/7 library access at their main library. • Virtual Libraries existing purely online with access to downloadable materials and online resources. • "Bookless" libraries. The nation's first bookless public library opened in San Antonio,TX, over a year ago. A$2.3 million library that houses rows of Internet computers, iMacs, and iPads. Tablets with downloaded books (up to 5) are available for check-out. From a financial perspective, digital titles are purchased for the same price as physical copies and the County saved millions on architecture (less space is needed). • Maker Spaces. Also part of"re-purposing," identifying libraries whose patronage would benefit from the creation and implementation of maker spaces for recreational and educational use. Maker spaces can take any form needed by the community served- 3D printers, graphic design computers/printers,tools and materials for DIY. REPURPOSING SPACE: REDEFINING the "THIRD PLACE" CONCEPT As it is commonly known, the "third place" is where you go to after your home and workplace. They are anchors of community life and serve as locales that foster broader, more creative interaction. They are highly accessible; close to many; involve regulars-those who habitually congregate there and welcoming and comfortable to both new and old friends. Exactly what libraries have always done and still do today. However, that "Third Place" concept has been experiencing a revolutionary change and is still evolving. Where once you were surrounded by books and people, you may now conceivably be encircled by books and people and artists and Do-lt-Yourselfers and teachers and nearly whatever you want it to be. As the digital age starts to push away many of those tall, dark, freestanding book ranges creating more wide-open brightly lit spaces, the question is asked, what do you do with it? We never had enough before, now we seem to have too much! Actually, when you think about it you may just discover, you may not have enough again! Some of the more popular emerging uses are: Learning Commons Area- collaborative workplaces for small and large groups utilizing interactive equipment and portable furniture to create new environments as needed Makerspace- enclosed areas for specific content creation such as art and engineering projects Government Services- assistance and forms for various community needs Some basic ideas though never change. It may probably be best expressed by a wise old sage who once said, "When you are growing up, there are two institutional places that affect you most powerfully- the church, which belongs to God and the public library, which belongs to you. The public library is a great equalizer."- Keith Richards, Rolling Stones. Implications: Re-purposing Collier County Public Libraries • Branch Libraries such as Immokalee and East Naples would benefit from re- purposing. Reducing shelf space and increasing quiet study areas,WiFi/personal laptop areas and computer numbers would more appropriately meet the needs of the communities served by these libraries. • Headquarters was built on the traditional model of a library. While Headquarters patrons are readers,there is a dire need for computer lab space for teaching public classes, quiet study and meeting rooms,and an open multi-purpose room which can be used by the library and the public. Currently the design of the Children's Storytime Room,while intimate and cozy,restricts the number of children that can participate in programs. • Demographic studies and strategic plans can pinpoint the needs of each community library within Collier County. While we are a library system,each library serves a defined,yet diverse community. Services,programs,facility space and resources must constantly adapt in order for each Collier County library to remain relevant. • The idea lab at the Peter&Cummings Library in Palm City, Florida,is a hub for technological exploration,hands-on learning,and digital video,photo and audio creation. Library staff and volunteers seek opportunities to assist and engage with library users and the devices they use to access the library and the collection. It provides opportunities to educate the public on technology through hands-on exploration, one-on-one assistance,classes and workshops. The idea lab provides the space and equipment for people to access technology needed to develop digital literacy skills needed to succeed in school and in the workplace. (www.library.martin.fLus) RISING TO THE STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS CHALLENGE Re-Envisioning • Public Libraries 1 ALIGN LIBRARY 3 • ENSURE LONG-TERM SERVICES IN SUPPORT • SUSTAINABILITY OF OF COMMUNITY GOALS PUBLIC LIBRARIES .2W ' Aliamm' ' Public libraries that align their services to Public libraries need to transform their law/ support local community goals will find service model to meet the demands of 1r -.-'7\ — ' the greatest opportunities for success in the knowledge society while securing a the years ahead.This will require a level sustainable funding base for the future. ! ‘1 , . 4. of flexibility and adaptability to change as Achieving this means libraries need to I community needs change. r Identify reliable revenue resources for tx j It will also require collaboration among both daily operations and long-term f libraries,policy makers and community planning and investment partners to redefine the role of libraries ire Explore alternative governance as institutions that inspire learning,drive - k r, structures and business models that development,grow social capital and create 4' maximize efficient and sustainable -. .�.►, opportunities. library operations and customer service Become more skilled at measuring Expanding access to PROVIDE ACCESS outcomes rather than counting activities education,learning • TO CONTENT Balance the local and national library opportunities and social IN ALL FORMATS value proposition to consider economies connections for all is one of As the public library shifts from a repository of scale in a networked world without the great challenges of our for materials to a platform for learning and compromising local control time.It is a challenge made participation, its ability to provide access more urgent by the rapid to vast amounts of content in all formats is ^ CULTIVATE transition to a new economy vital. Libraries face two immediate major `7 • LEADERSHIP in which knowledge and challenges in providing access to content in creativity are the drivers of all forms: Leadership is needed to build communities productivity and economic Being able to procure and share e-books and public libraries that thrive and succeed growth,and information, and other digital content on the same together. Every community needs a vision technology and learning basis as physical versions and a strategic plan,with input from all are central to economic stakeholder groups. Key steps include performance and prosperity. r' Having high capacity,easily scalable broadband technologies in every library improving communications with Public libraries are that deliver and help to create content community leaders essential institutions for Stakeholders must work together to find developing community champions meeting this challenge. solutions to these challenges that meet the s needs and work for content strengthening intersections with diverse community's creators,publishers and the public. communities and communities of color reaching out to and engaging with young-professional organizations and THE ASPEN INSTITUTE demonstrating the collective impact of Communications and Srxei![yProgram partners working together DIALOGUE ON PUBLIC LIBRARIES I RISING TO THE 15 ACTION S L im' n, CHALLENGE Re-Envisioning for LIBRARY LEADERS Public Libraries 1 Define the scope of the library's programs,services and offerings around community priorities,recognizing that this process may lead to choices and trade-offs. Everyone has a stake Collaborate with government agencies at the local,state and federal levels around in the healthy,engaged shared objectives.This includes partnerships with schools to drive learning and community that the public educational opportunities throughout the community. library helps to sustain. There are specific steps . Partner with local businesses,chambers of commerce and community colleges to that individuals and provide access to curricula and resources,to technology and certification programs and organizations can take to job search resources to maintain a highly skilled yet highly flexible workforce. to set their communities 4. Engage the community in planning and decision making,and seek a seat at tables and libraries on a path to where important policy issues are discussed and decisions made. success in the 21st century knowledge society. 5, Connect resources from other agencies or libraries to the library platform rather than reinventing the wheel or always going solo. 6 Develop partnerships and collaborations with other libraries and knowledge networks that can contribute to efficiencies,using the opportunities provided by digital technologies. Support the concept of a national digital platform to share collections nationally while continuing to maintain a local presence and focus;participate in content-sharing networks and platforms. 8. Deploy existing resources in new ways. 9. Collaborate in negotiations with publishers on reasonably priced and easily accessible access to e-content and develop win-win solutions like"buy-it-now"options. 10. Provide mobile devices for in-library, in-community and at-home use. Measure library outcomes and impacts to better demonstrate the library's value to the community and communicate these outcomes to key partners and policy makers. 1.2 Communicate the library's story of impact directly to the public,partners,stakeholders and policy makers. Include the new vision built on the library's people,place and platform assets. I r, Develop a richer online library experience and stronger competencies in using digital and social media to demonstrate the library's role in the digital transformation. j 4. Change long-held rules and operating procedures that impede the development of the THE ASPEN INSTITUTE library's spaces and platform. Communications and.&ritty Program DIALOGUE ON 1 5 Take proactive and sustained steps to brand the library as a platform for community PUBLIC LIBRARIES learning and development. RISING TO THE 15 ACTION STEPS CHALLENGE Re Envisioning for POLI CYMAKE RS Public Libraries 1 , Use the authority of office to bring together community stakeholders to create a comprehensive strategic plan for the library and other knowledge institutions in the community. Everyone has a stake in the healthy,engaged 2 Define libraries as part of the community's priority infrastructure along with other community that the public established infrastructure priorities such as schools,transportation and parks, library helps to sustain. and make sustainable, long-term funding that reflects the library's value to the There are specific steps community a budget priority. that individuals and organizations can take Develop strategic alliances and partnerships with local library leaders to advance to set their communities educational,economic and social goals. and libraries on a path to 4, Leverage the economic development potential of the public library success in the 21st century as a community platform. knowledge society. - - 5 Make access to government information a model for curating open data. L Integrate librarians and state library agencies into development planning and policy making in all departments and at all levels of government. Reduce barriers to libraries'ability to access some funding sources in authorizing and appropriations legislation. 8 Review state-level policies that affect the public library's ability to transform itself for the future. Support a study on funding and governance structures for public libraries to identify strengths,weaknesses and opportunities that will lead to the development of stronger,more efficient public libraries. 10. Support and accelerate deployment of broadband,including high-speed,scalable broadband,to all libraries 11. Develop local,state and national plans to address digital readiness. 12. Promote the deployment of wireless hotspots in libraries and other public places, especially in economically disadvantaged and minority communities where there are fewer Wi-Fi hotspots,to access the library's platform anytime,anywhere. 1 3. Support rural and small libraries to ensure that all residents have access to world- class resources regardless of where they live. 14. Promote and invest in the infrastructure for a national digital platform that is THE ASP INSTITUTE scalable,flexible and serves diverse needs and new uses. Communications and Society Program DIALOGUE ON 15. Be an informed champion for the library and what it offers in the community. PUBLIC LIBRARIES RISING TO THE 1 S ACTION STEPS CHALLENGE for the C C)M M U N I T Y Re-Envisioning Public Libraries 1 Collaborate on the development of a comprehensive strategic plan for the community's information and knowledge ecosystem,including the library and other knowledge institutions in the community. Everyone has a stake in the healthy,engaged 2. Develop strategic partnerships and alliances with public libraries around content or community that the public specific organizational or community needs. library helps to sustain. There are specific steps 3. Bring diverse expertise to bear on helping libraries create and share technology tools. that individuals and 4. Connect knowledge resources in the community to the library's knowledge networks. organizations can take to set their communities Participate in the library's platform for curating local history and culture. and libraries on a path to success in the 21st century 6. Leverage the economic development potential of the public library as a community knowledge society. platform. 7. Bring resources, including financial resources and technical expertise,to partner with libraries where objectives align well. 8. Volunteer organizational and technical expertise to mentor and support learning that takes place in library spaces and on its platform,including in innovation labs (especially those aimed at youth),maker and hacker spaces and resource-rich coworking spaces. 9. Structure grant opportunities in ways that small and rural libraries can take advantage of them;for example,not always emphasizing cutting-edge technology. 10. Leverage foundation or corporate donations to public libraries through the creation of a public-private trust for libraries. 11 , Support the deployment of broadband,Wi-Fi and digital literacy skills throughout the community,especially to economically disadvantaged,underserved and other special needs populations. 12. Advocate on behalf of the long-term sustainability of public libraries. 13. Collaborate with libraries in areas of mutual interest. 14. Explore the library's people,place and platform assets. 15. Support efforts to re-envision and rebrand the library as a vital community institution in the digital era. THE ASPEN INSTITUTE Communications and Society Program —— DIALOGUE ON— I PUBLIC LIBRARIES Libraries Add Economic Value to Local Communities The public library is a place of learning, a hub for educational resources, and a community center. Children discover new worlds as they're read to,young adults learn new skills and librarians assist patrons needing educational or business support. Not only have libraries historically proven to be beneficial to the areas they serve, a recent Return on Investment study conducted by the Haas Center for Business Research and Economic Development, University of West Florida, provides the hard numbers demonstrating the economic value of public libraries. The overall Return on Investment that libraries offer,the business and educational support that is provided, and the essential services provided show that libraries are not only places of learning, but add economic value to their local communities. For every$1 Floridians invest into Florida public libraries,they receive$10.18 in economic return. This means that with nearly$500 million of public money invested into Florida public libraries during fiscal year 2012, over$5.55 billion was returned to Floridians in economic value. Public libraries have historically been places where families can learn, students can do research, and job seekers can find opportunities, and the money invested into these respected institutions is returned over ten-fold. Florida public libraries provide education, business support, and social service referrals. Nine out of 10 people surveyed believe libraries improve workforce skills. These localized services bring value to the residents of Florida by acting as a hub of information,which library patrons believe help improve Florida's workforce by teaching new skills. Librarians serve their patrons, and in turn strengthen the economy of their surrounding communities. Library patrons also place a high value on the services Florida public libraries provide.As one survey participant put it, "It seems as if the library is a place that holds the entire world on its shelves and the librarians are your personal navigators. Libraries are essential and dependable." In fact, 90%of people who participated in the study consider their local public library an essential service, like a school. 76%of participants would be unwilling to sell their library card at any cost.This fact is a testament to the value that Floridians place on the services of their library. Florida's 555 public libraries benefit their communities both educationally and economically, and they must continue to stand as beacons of light to the areas they serve. For more information on the Return on Investment study, go to info.florida.gov/bld/roi/. COLLIER COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY Recommendation for Community-based Strategic Planning Library recommends Collier County Public Library System conduct a community- based strategic planning session in order to chart an appropriate direction for the library in the future. Technology has changed significantly in the last 10 years. In order to maintain a program of services, materials and facilities that are relevant to the local community, it is an appropriate time to reassess the public library. The process will take considerable planning and likely require a special library consultant to manage. But the efforts will ensure usable results and recommendations,based on community needs,changing technology,and changing roles of public libraries. The process recommended was developed specifically for public libraries, and has been used throughout the country. ILA Noct.t*fawn*" sL•. tW, 41111a -4 STRATEGIC PLANNING for Results 5tfa tot tdr NV14 loibroy Vic ' Collier County collier cridyjublic Library Public services Division Public Library "•-- Survey for Library Non-Print Book Users 1. Do you listen to audiobooks from the library? Yes ❑ No ❑ 2. Do you download audio books from OverDrive, through the Library? (http://collier.lib.overdrive.com) Yes ❑ No ❑ 3. Which do you prefer: ❑ Books on CD ❑ Downloadable audio books (either download to your computer or to an e-reader) ❑ Does not matter 4. What would you like to see the Library do differently with audiobooks? ❑ Buy more books on CD ❑ Buy more downloadable audio books ❑ Something else? 5. Do you download and read a-books from the Library? Yes ❑ No ❑ a. Do you purchase any e-books? Yes ❑ No ❑ IF YOU HAVE NEVER DOWNLOADED EITHER AUDIO OR E-BOOKS, PLEASE ASK LIBRARY STAFF FOR INFORMATION ON USING THEM. Thanks for completing this survey! dPits);\ co,�ry � Pokliesean.Il( :f'II(o r NOMBERS,FATS AND TRENDS SHAMS THE WORLD FCR RELEASE OECEMSER 11. How Americans Value Public Libraries in Their Communities 54% of Americans have used a public library in the past year, and 72% live in a "library household. " Most say libraries are very important to their communities. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Ka[Npfn tidally,Research Associate,liters et Lee Rains. 'eater,nierrtlt Kristen Purcell,Associate Director,Internet 'Mere Duggan,Research Assistant.Lnternet j 2D2A18.49OO URL• http://libraries.pewinternet.org/201,3/12/]1/Iibraries-in-communities/ RECOMMENDED CITATION:Pew Research Center,DecemUer 2019,'How Americans value public libraries in their convnunilies_' ,mow rtl�� 1 PEW RESEARCH CENTER:, Summary of Findings Americans strongly value the role of public libraries in their communities,both for providing access to materials and resources and for promoting literacy and improving the overall quality of life.Most Americans say they have only had positive experiences at public libraries,and value a range of library resources and services. The importance of public libraries to their communities Some qo%of Americans ages 16 and older said that If your local public library closed. what impact would the closing of their local that have on you and your family?On your community public library would have an as a whole? impact on their conununity, `among alt Americans ages tti- with 0396 saying it would ■Major impact ■Minor impact No iinpact Total inipwct have a `major"impact. hnpact on you and 29 Asked about the personal 38 32 87 vourfdrni_ impact of a public library impact on your z� 90 63 closing,two-thirds(07%)of comnnrnity Americans said it would Source:Pe*Research Cetster"s Lefrary Services Shvn*y of 6,2',t overcalls ages 16 sole affect them and their ofc7erconcI ctee Ind)Sc°.:ee ember 30,2013.The margin of error hat the overall sample is families,including^o%who plus n.^s=rms 11 percevtage points.The survey was conducted n English and SpAn Sh arsct Oh;t 'te and ce /.: --es_ said it would have a major PEW RESEARc:H 4:ENTER impact. Moreover,the vast majority of Americans ages i0 and older say that public libraries play an important role in their communities: • 95%of Americans ages 16 and older agree that the materials and resources available at public libraries play an important role in giving everyone a chance to succeed; • 95%say that public libraries are important because they promote literacy and a love of reading: • 94%say that having a public library improves the quality of life in a community; • 8196 say that public libraries provide many services people would have a hard time finding elsewhere. Meanwhile,while most Americans feel that libraries have done a good job embracing new technology,they are split on whether public libraries are as essential as they were in the past for finding information: www.pewresearci:.org 2 REM RESEARCH CENTER • Just 34%of Americans ages i0 and older of say that public libraries have not done a good job keeping up with new technologies,while 55%disagree. • 52%of Americans say that people do not need public libraries as much as they used to because they can find most information on their own,while 4o%disagreed. Though many library services are seen as important, there are varying levels of enthusiasm for different services Some g06 of Americans say they have had some exposure to libraries in the past,and we asked these respondents a series of questions about the importance of various library services to them and their families.' Americans strongly value How important are these library services to you and library services such as access to your family? books and media;having a .Among_americans ages i6+who have ever used a public library quiet.safe place to spend time, or had a household member use a public library,the percentage who say these services are,.. read,or study;and having librarians to help people find Very Somer.-114f Net information.Other services, Import-01f Impor+ent such as assistance finding and Books and media 54 27 80 applying for jobs,are more Librarian assistance 44 32 76 important to particular groups, Having a quiet safe place 51 24 75 including those with lower Researcl,resources 47 25 72 levels of education or household /�� Progra ms for youth �'i 24 68 income. Internet.computers.printers 33 25 58 Women,African Americans and Programs for adults 28 30 58 Hispanics.adults who live in i-e p app yir;g for govt services 29 24 53 lower-income households,and Help fir•.ding,applying for job 30 21 51 adults with lower levels of educational attainment are "e "Fe eteca,Center's i;„arart Cervaaes Curve)of 8,224 Almera:els ages ae a°user caremeted luty t e-CePtember 30,2013.The margin of error for the meta more likely than other groups to samnte as Pius or minus 1.4 Percentage gifts_The never was censu,ctee;zr Ertism declare all the library services , .•, and or,sac dr;r c end ce Y peones PEW Re EAREI1 r4241131 we asked about`very important" Adults ages 30-04 are also more likely than younger or older respondents to say many of the services are-very important,"as are parents with minor children. Th,s,ncludes the 86%of Americans ages 16 and older who have ever visited a library or used a library webs,te.and the 54%of Americans who say other merroers of their househcid are library users. w w w.pewreseard a.org 3 PEW RESEARCH CCNT£= Libraries are also particularly valued by those who are unemployed,retired,or searching for a job,as well as those living with a disability and internet users who lack home internet access: • 50%of internet users without home access say public libraries'basic technological resources (such as computers,internet,and printers)are'very important"to them and their family, compared with 33%of all respondents. • 49%of unemployed and retired respondents say they librarian assistance in finding information to be`eery important,"compared with 41%of employed respondents. • 47%of job seekers say help finding or applying for a job is"very important"to them and their families. • 4o%of those living with a disability say help applying for government services is'very important,"compared with 27%of those without a disability. Most Americans know where their local library is, but many are unfamiliar with all the services they offer. Libraries are well known in their communities and they are usually easy to get to and relatively easy to navigate. How well-informed do you feel Asked about their ability to access public libraries and about the different services public library websites: your public library offers? Do you feel tike you know,.. • 91%of Americans say they know where the closest public library is to where they currently live;among all or most 23 these respondents,most said the closest public Sane of what it IMF= library is five miles or less away from their home. offer • 93%of Americans say that it would be easy to visit a Not much 20 public library in person if they wanted to,with 02% Nothing at al" io saying it would be'very easy." • Similarly,82%of Americans overall say it would be saisea pet N.iraence m's ages 16+who have ever elseo easy to use their local public library's website,with a reams s aarary tr=.3931 47%saying it would be`very easy." °a'"RESEARCH*INTER • 91%of Americans who have ever used a public library say it is not difficult to find what they're looking for,including 35%who say it is"very easy." Despite the fact that libraries are easily available to most,there are large numbers of Americans who say they are not sure about all the services libraries offer.Echoing the findings of our 201 survey,23%of those who have ever used a public library said they feel like they lmow all or most of the service and programs their library offers,while a plurality(47%)said that they lmow some of what it offers.About one in five(^_o%)say they don't know very much about what is offered, and io%say they lmow"nothing at all." www.newresearch.org 4 PEW RESEAP,. 54% of Americans have used a public library in the past 12 months, and 72% live in a "library household" Over half(54%)of Americans ages 16 and older have used a public library in some way in the past 12 months,whether by visiting in person or using a public library website: • 8146 of Americans ages 16 and older have visited a public library or bookmobile at one point or another in their lives;48%of Americans have done so in the past 12 months,down from 53%in 2012. • 44%of those ages 16 and older have visited a public library website;30%of Americans have done so in the past 12 months,up from 2y96 in 2012. Additionally,among parents with minor children living at home,70%say that a child in the house has visited a public library or bookmobile in the past 12 months. Taken together,this means that 72%of all Americans ages 10 and older have either used a public library in the past 12 months or live in a household where another family member or a child is an active recent user of the library. Most Americans who have ever used a public library have had positive experiences Among all Americans who have ever used a public library: • 94%said that based on their own experiences,they would say that"public libraries are welcoming,friendly place." • 91%said that they personally have never had a negative experience using a public library, either in person or online. • 67%said that the public library nearest to where they live could be described as a"nice, pleasant space to be";another 22%say it's an"okay space,but could use some improvements." www.pewr searct+.org Pi v1 csearcii( I 111i,1. P IMSERS,FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE woRLD FOR RELEASE MARCH 13,2014 From Distant Admirers to Library Lovers- and beyond A typology of public library engagement in America FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Kathryn ZicI uIw,Reseerc:i fsiociete,I■ter'et Prc ect KrSten Purcell,As.OGate Directer of Pesear !.I,2erl et Prct,ect Lee Rainie,=-rector,Internet ProjeC' :02.418.472 IiI rNrie1.pewii1ernlCOg RECOMMENDED CITATION:Pew Research Ce4Ner,March 2014,°From Distant Admirers to Library Lows:A ty%OIOEy Of putws M)fiIy ei1agemerrt ir=4rneric■.^,Avu mule et: hap:,/ Ofe spew nunret org 2014/03/13/ poIoKr', 1 FEW RESEARCR CENTER Introduction The digital era has brought profound challenges and opportunities to countless institutions and industries,from universities to newspapers to the music industry,in ways both large and small. Institutions that were previously identified with printed material—and its attendant properties of being expensive,scarce,and obscure—are now considering how to take on new roles as purveyors of information,connections,and entertainment,using the latest formats and technologies. The impact of digital technologies on public libraries is particularly interesting because libraries serve so many people(about half of all Americans ages xo and older used a public library in some form in the past year,as of September 2013)and correspondingly try to meet a wide variety of needs.'This is also what makes the task of public libraries—as well as governments,news organizations,religious groups,schools,and any other institution that is trying to reach a wide swath of the American public—so challenging:They are trying to respond to new technologies while maintaining older strategies of knowledge dissemination. In recent years.public libraries have continued to add new technologies and formats to their holdings,with the goal of providing patrons resources in whatever form they prefer.Many libraries have also expanded into community centers,serving as unique gathering places in their towns and cities.Today,they offer many events and services,and are experimenting with providing the next generation of"expensive and scarce"resources,from'1-l)'printers to recording gtiidir Work by the Pew Research Center has shown that print books are still central to Americans'library just as they remain central in Americans'overall reading habits.In fact,though more Americans than ever are reading e-books(26 of ad'a1 4 ages iu and o d ,as of January 2014), few have abandoned print entirely;just 4%of readers read e-books exclusively.Still,many Americans say they would be interested in exploring; rang:.of technology'cal ccr't;it'e5 at public :cDrziri,es,from personalized reading recommendations and online"Ask a Librarian"services to media kiosks and mobile apps. Libraries loom large in the public imagination,and are generally viewed very positively:9o%of Americans ages io and older say that the closing of their local public library would have an impact on their community.This means that many people have a stake in the future of libraries,and as the digital age advances,there is much discussion about where they are headed.To help with that conversation.Pew Research has spent three years charting the present role libraries play in All telefeoLes to Iiinalies iv,thh.,eport,,,Lete to public.Meru ilea,i„the Lthited Slants. www.pewresearcii.org 2 PEW RESEARCH CENTER Americans'lives and communities,in the hopes that this will set the foundation for discussions of what libraries should be in the future.The first stage of our research studied the growing role of e- bools,including their impact on Americans'reading habits and Americans'library habits.Our second stage explored the full universe of library ser'ices,as well as what library services Americans most value and what they might want from libraries in the future.This typology completes our third and final stage of research.which explores 1:1:, lip_ r' '.e_ in people's lives and in American culture writ large—how they are perceived,how they are valued,how people rely on them,and so forth. All of this research and the underlying data sets are available This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals: Kathryn Zickuhr,Research Associate,Internet Project Kristen Purcell,Associate Director,Internet Project Lee Rainie,Director,Internet Project Maeve Duggan,Research Assistant,Internet Project The full archive of our research about Americans'use of public libraries is available at http: ilibraries.pew internet.or c. Fur more iulunh I ur,,see our Him dries fetstsmt tirnt•.lt+u•.:http://libr aios.luwhdrruel.+.xy/atx*9Jrommtt.lr-ILnrlirrr./ www.pewreseurch.org 4 PEW RESEARCH CENTER Summary of Findings The focus of this report is the creation of a new typology of Americans'engagement with public libraries,which sheds light on broader issues around the relationship between technology, libraries,and information resources in the United States.It serves as a capstone to the three years of research the Pew Research Center has produced on the topic of public libraries'changing role in Americans'lives and communities. Briefly put,a typology is a statistical analysis that clusters individuals into groups based on certain attributes:in this case,those are people's usage of,views toward,and access to libraries.While Pew Research has reported in extensive detail on the ways different groups use public libraries— including insights about differences by gender,race/ethnicity,age,income and community type— this typology enriches that picture considerably by moving beyond familiar groups and fitting demographics into contexts that matter to the library community.{By creating groups based on their connection to libraries rather than their gender,age,or socio-economic attributes,this report allows portraiture that is especially relevant to library patrons,library staff members,and the people whose funding decisions impact the future of public libraries in the United States. Among the broad themes and major findings in this report: • Public library users and proponents are not a niche group:3o%of Americans ages ro and older are highly engaged with public libraries,and an additional 39%fall into medium engagement categories. • Americans'library habits do not exist in a vacuum:Americans'connection—or lack of connection—with public libraries is part of their broader information and social landscape.As a rule,people who have extensive economic,social,technological,and cultural resources are also more likely to use and value libraries as part of those networks. Many of those who are less engaged with public libraries tend to have lower levels of technology use,fewer ties to their neighbors,lower feelings of personal efficacy,and less engagement with other cultural activities. • Life stage and special circumstances are linked to increased library use and higher engagement with information: Deeper connections with public libraries are often associated with key life moments such as having a child,seeling a job,being a student,and going through a situation in which research and data can help inform a decision.Similarly,quieter times of life,such as retirement,or less momentous periods, iu,a mute ttaditkita analysis of Arttertcatr.'Miter use and views,heAt uur urirlfsantun re{txtrt.'tkrn AtrteiMAM,Value,P,t:ik.LAX diie:. iiTferb idttp://f atirs.pewttdeanet.utg/2013/12t11J1brat1es-in-communU I/ www.newre•,enrct.org 5 PEW RESEARCH CENTER such as when people's jobs are stable,might prompt less frequent information searches and library visits. The spectrum of public library engagement in America This report describes nine groups of Americans that reflect different patterns of public library engagement.Respondents were sorted into groups based on a cluster analysis of factors such as: the importance of public libraries in their lives;how they use libraries;and how they view the role of libraries in communities.(For more information about how the typology was created,see the overview in,3;out This.Lc,polag.-0 further details are available in the s section at the end of the report.)For each group,we describe not only their library habits and views,but also their larger information and technology habits and to what extent various demographic groups are represented. The typology examines four broad levels of library engagement.These levels are further broken into a total of nine individual groups: i. High engagement: o Library Lovers o Information Omnivores 2. Medium engagement: o Solid Center o Print Traditionalists 3. Low engagement: o Not for Me o Young and Restless o Rooted and Roadblocked 4. Non-engagement(have never personally used a public library): o Distant Admirers o Off the Grid The high,medium,and low engagement groups include Americans who have ever used a public library at some point in their lives,while the non-engagement groups include Americans who have never personally used a public library(either in person or online). www.pewreseerth.org ' s E a''RESEARCH CENTER Typology snapshot: Groups by level of engagement with public libraries Each group as a percentage of the general U.S.population(Americans ages s6-) Library Off the Grid Lovers Distant d46 l 10% Admirers 1046 Rooted& Roadblocked 7 Into By level or engagement with Young& omnivores public libraries:' Restless _ 2096 7% High Engagement(30'0 Not for Me 446 Low Engagement(17%) said Center Print Traditionalists 30% No personal library use(14%) 9% pereereeges rn ttie lee t aaot acid up lathe iteitentages in the legend dine to rounding Source:Pew Reseaecctr Center's Y.ibrerlt Services Surw,of 0,224 ArTher;ete s ug+ee 18 end older conducted July ity-September 3A. PEW RESEARM cEPITER The members of the two high engagement groups,Library Lovers and Inforivation Omnivores,include people who value and utilize public libraries most heavily—those who say that libraries play a major role in their own lives and in the lives of their families,who think libraries improve their communities,who are avid readers and think libraries play an essential role in encouraging literacy and a love of reading.Members of these high engagement groups also tend to be active in other parts of their communities.They tend to]mow their neighbors,they are more l kely to visit museums and attend sporting events,and they are more likely to socialize with families and friends. On the other hand,those who are less engaged with public libraries are often less engaged in their communities overall.Particularly for the low engagement groups Not for Me and Rooted and Roadblocked.along with the non-engagement groups Distant.Admirers and Off the Grid, lower rates of library use and lack of familiarity with libraries seem to coincide with lower patterns of social and civic engagement in other areas of their lives.Members of low and non-engagement groups are often less likely to participate in similar community activities,such as visiting museums www.pevereseurch.org 1 PEW RESEARCP CENTER or patronizing bookstores,and more likely to report having difficulty using technology they also tend to be less comfortable navigating various types of information,such as finding material about government services and benefits. Public library engagement typology: Group overviews Level of x of U.S. engagement with Group name population Major characteristics public libraries ages 16+ Members of this group report frequent personal use of public Library Lovers ifl- libraries,aorig with high levels of household''ibrary use.This group High engagement inc odes mnosily parents.students.and job seekers;members tend to n0.:.used younger,witim higher evels of education. a public toner,is+ This group has time highest rates of technology use,us wet as time the pest year Intorn,w+ion 20'4 highest levels of education,employment,and household income. Cmnivores They have high!evels of personal and household library use.but their visits to library are less frequent than Library Lovers. Centered in stricter towns,this group is similar to the general I I.S. Medium Solid Center 3C''. population in most measures.About half have used a public library engagement in the past year:most view libraries positively. "50,<rseo This group contains the hilliest proportion of rural,Southern.or a public libran*it print white respondents.It is similar to Solid Center in main rrmeasures, the past year Tr.ditionclists except that its members tend to live farther away from libraries. They also have positive views about libraries'roles in communities. This group is distinguished froin other low engagemnermt groups by its Not For Me 4 members'strikingly negative views of libraries.hh patticu ar,ti hey are far less likely than most other groups to say public,ibraries are it nportant to their Corn r n47,ities. Low engagement -90 hse0 Young& This is a relatively young group.and few of its mnernbers have lived Restless 77. irr their neighborhoods for very long.Their most striking feature is a pealic ttxery ill that only 15 know where the nearest pub'ic'.ibrary is ocated_ the past near This group generally views pubic libraries positively,but many face Rooted& (hurdles in their lives that may prevent them from engaging with Roadblocked ' libraries.They tend to be older.and many are living with disabi'ity or have experienced a recent illness in theirfarni!y. Though members of this group have never personally used a public Dis+ent library,they view libraries quite positively—perhaps because many Admirers la/. say other family members use there.Many also say that various None library services are important to them and their families.They tend Maae iieyw to be older and are often living in lower-income households. personally used a Members of this group tend to be disengaged from their public library communities and socia'i life in tritely ways.Many live in rural areas, Ott the Grid 4,:. and just 567.use time interrret Most have very low household incomes.as well as low levels of education—only one in ten has graduated from college_ Source:pew Reseerchu Centers Library Serv+ces Nurvey of 6,224 Americans 16 all order conducted jay itr-Srertenxter 30,2013. PEW RESEARCH CENTER www.pewresearcli.org a PEW RESEARCH CENTER Group portraits High engagement groups Library Lovers(1o%of the population) • Overview: Library Lovers have strikingly positive views of public libraries compared with other groups,and with the U.S.population as a whole;they use libraries and library websites more than any other group,and believe libraries are essential at the personal as well as the community level. • Who they are: Demographically,this group's members are disproportionately younger than the general population.A relatively large proportion of this group are women(62%), and this group has the highest proportion of parents(40%)of any group.They tend to have higher levels of education and somewhat higher household incomes than many other groups,but a notable share of them are in economically challenging circumstances:23% have recently lost their jobs or seen a significant loss of income;25%are currently looking for a job;17%are students.Politically,they are more likely to be liberal and Democratic than the general population. • Lifestyle:This group includes many heavy book readers(0o%read a book daily).Though they are heavy library users and generally prefer to borrow boob instead of purchasing them,they are also have the highest proportion of regular bookstore visitors(57%)than any other group.More than other groups,they like to learn new things and enjoy tracking down information.They are also active socially and engaged with community events,and rate their communities highly.They are also heavy internet users,and are particularly engaged with mobile:72%go online via mobile devices. • Relationship with libraries:They are the leading group in use of and affection for libraries:87%visited the library in the last 12 months,most of them visiting weekly.And 75%say that the local library closed it would have a major impact on them personally, significantly more than any other group. Information Omnivores(20%of the population) • Overview:Information Omnivores are more rely to seek and use information than other groups,are more likely to have and use technology,at the same time,they are strong users of public libraries,and think libraries have a vital role in their communities.However,they are not quite as active in their library use as Library Lovers,or nearly as likely to say the loss of the local library would have a major impact on them and their family. • Who they are:Information Omnivores are the highest ranking group in socio-economic terms:35%live in households earning$75,000 or more,and they have one of the highest employment rates and are relatively well educated.Like Library Lovers,this group includes www.pewreseurcii.org 0 PEW RESEARCH CENTER relatively high proportions of women(y;%)and parents(40%).With a median age of 40, they are a bit younger than the U.S.population as a whole.It is also one of the more urban groups.Politically they are more likely to be Democratic and liberal compared with the general U.S.population. • Lifestyle:As a group.Information Onunivores are the most intense users of technology among intermet users,90%go online every day,and 8i%use social media. Almost half (40%)have a tablet computer,the highest proportion of any group,and 08%own a smartphone. They rank just below Library Lovers in their consumption of books—they read an average of 17 boots in the previous 12 months—and are more likely to buy their books than borrow them. • Relationship with libraries:They appreciate public libraries a lot,especially as community resource:85%strongly agree that libraries are important because they promote literacy,and 78%strongly agree that libraries improve the quality of life in their communities.Information Omnivores use libraries more than any other group except Library Lovers,though they use the library less often than that group and would not take the loss of their library at such a profound personal level. However,.i./%say the loss of the library would be a major blow to their community. Medium engagement groups Solid Center(30%of the population) • Overview:The Solid Center is the largest group in our typology,and its members generally track with the general U.S.population—in their demographic proportions,in their technology use,in their patronage of libraries,and in their approach to information, and their views about the importance and role of libraries.They mostly view libraries positively,but a third(32%)report their library use has declined in the past five years. • Who they are:Compared with national benchmarks,this group includes a slightly higher proportion of men(ai%)than the general U.S.population;its median age is 47.Its members are more likely than some other groups to live in small towns and cities,and half have lived in their communities for longer than io years.Those in the Solid Center are significantly less likely than high engagement groups to include parents with minor children living at home(28%). • Lifestyle:They rank high among the groups in appreciating their communities:84% would describe their communities as"good"or"excellent."In their attendance of various community activities,those in the Solid Center are not quite as involved ed as the high engagement groups,but they are fairly active:34%got to sporting events regularly,28% regularly go to bookstores,27%regularly go to concerts,plays,or dance performances,and www.pewresetecti.org 10 PEW RESEARCH CENTER 2o%regularly go to museums or art galleries.They read books at the same frequency as the U.S.populations. • Relationship with libraries: Some 58%have library cards.and 43%visited the library in the past 12 months;their visits are not as frequent as high engagement groups,with most saying they visit the library monthly or less often.They are one of the least likely groups to use library websites:only 5%used a library website in the past year,and only 26%have ever used one.Most members of the Solid Center rate libraries highly as community resources:6796 say that libraries improve the quality of life in a community and oi%say their library's closing would have a major impact on their community. Print Traditionalists(9%of the population) • Overview:Members of this group read an average of 13 books in the past 12 months,and tend to value the traditional services libraries perform.They are also in one of the higher rankling groups in expressing appreciation for the role of libraries in communities.They are notable for the distance most of them would need to travel to visit a library—only one in ten(ii%)say the nearest public library is five miles away or less. • Who they are:The Print Traditionalist group has the highest proportions of rural(oi%), white(75%),and Southern(5o%)respondents.They also have a higher proportion of women(57%)than the general population.Print Traditionalists are less likely than some other groups to have graduated college,as about half of adults in this groups ended their education with a high school diploma.Their median age is io,and their political views lean conservative. • Lifestyle: Print Traditionalists are more likely to have lived in their neighborhoods longer than many other groups,and are especially likely to say they brow the names of all or most of their neighbors;they also tend to have positive feelings about where they live,and are generally quite social:81%say they socialize with friends or family every day or almost every day.They have access to technology at roughly the same rates as the general population,but they use technology less than other higher engagement groups. • Relationship with libraries: Print Traditionalists stand out in their positive views about the role of libraries in communities:8o%say libraries are important because they promote literacy;75%say libraries play an important role because they give everyone a chance to succeed;and 73%say libraries improve the quality of life in the community. They also have one of the highest proportion of members reporting that if the local library closed it would have a major impact on the community.Some 48%say they visited the library in the last 12 months,and most say their own library use has not changed in the past five years. www.pewrese•rcls.org 11 PEW RESEARCH CENTER Low engagement groups Not For Me(4%of the population) • Overview:As a low engagement group,Not for Me is made up of respondents who have used public libraries at some point in their lives,though few have done so recently.Their portrait suggests a level of alienation-346 believe people like them can have no impact in making their communities better—and are somewhat less engaged socially and from other community activities:45%do not regularly do any of the community activities we asked about,such as attending sports events,museums,or going to bookstores.Finally,they have strikingly less positive about role of libraries in communities,even when compared with other low engagement groups,and more than half(57%)say they know"not much"or "nothing at all"about the library services in their area. • Who they are:The Not for Me group includes a somewhat higher proportion of men (,o%),and its respondents are more likely to live in small town or rural areas.Its members are more likely to have lower levels of educational attainment,with just 18%having graduated from college.Members of this group are also somewhat less likely to be married (41%),and are a little less likely to be parents(26%)than the general population.Just 39% are employed full-time,and almost a quarter(23%)are retired. • Lifestyle:Few in this group are heavy book readers:31%read did not read any books last year,and as a group they read a median of 3 books in that time.They also have somewhat lower levels of Internet adoption and use,and are more likely than other groups to report having difficulty getting information about such things as politics and current events, community activities,health information,and career opportunities • Relationship with libraries:Some 40%have library cards,similar to other low engagement groups;31%visited the library in the past year,and just 12%used a library website,Relative to other groups,they are more likely to say they find libraries hard to navigate and are less likely to say they rely on individual library services.Fully 64%say library closings would have no impact on them or their family.and just 2o%strongly agree that having a public library improves the quality of life in a community.Finally,70%say that people do not need public libraries as much as they used to because they can find most information on their oval. Young and Restless(7%of the population) • Overview:Though relatively small,this group contains a higher proportion of young people than most other groups,most of them relatively new to their communities.This may be why only 15%of its members say they even know where the local library is,fewer than any other group in the typology.Only a third have a library card or visited a library in www.pewreseorcli.org 12 PEW RESEARCH CE4TE= the past year,though unlike the Not for Me group,most Young and Restless respondents have positive views of libraries overall. • Who they are:We call them"restless"because many are new to their communities:A third of them have lived in their communities less than a year.Their median age is 33, making them the youngest group overall,and 53%are male.They include a high proportion of urban dwellers.and are more often found in the South than members of the U.S.population as a*hole.Many of them live in lower-income households-37%live in households earning less than S3o,000:a relatively large share are students,or are looking for jobs.It is a much more racially diverse group than most of the others,and a somewhat higher proportion of its respondents identify as liberal compared with the national rate. • Lifestyle:This is a group heavily involved with technology,especially mobile devices:82% access the internet with a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet and o8%own smartphones.(However,they are more likely than several other groups to say that there is a lot of useful,important information that is not available on the internet.)Fully 8o%of the internet users among them use social networking sites and.796 use Twitter,higher rates than most other groups.When it comes to reading,they are fairly typical:Young and Restless members read an average of ii books in the past 12 months,and a median of 5. • Relationship with libraries:The Young and Restless one of the most likely groups to say their library use has decreased in the past five years(3o%say that),and just ii%know all or most of the services their library offers(compared with 23%of general population). At the same time,their views about the importance of libraries are generally positive:71% agree that libraries promote literacy,and oz%agree libraries improve the quality of life in a community. Rooted and Roadblocked('%of the population) • Overview:This group's name derives from the fact that they are longtime residents of their communities,but may face many potential hurdles in their lives:359 are retired,27% are living with a disability,and 34%have experienced a major illness(either their own or that of a loved one)within the past year.It is the oldest group,with a median age of 58. Like other low engagement groups,they have used libraries at some point in their lives,but only a third went in last 12 months.Still,among the low engagement groups,they are the most likely to say that the closing of the local library would have a major impact on the community(oi%say that). • Who they are: Rooted and Roadblocked is the oldest group in the typology,with a large share of retirees and a small share of parents with minor children.It also includes a higher proportion of Ante(og%)when compared with other low or non-engagement groups. i 13 PEW RESEARCH CENTER Adults in this group are somewhat less likely to have completed higher levels of education, with 21%having graduated from college(compared with the national benchmark of 27%). • Lifestyle:The Rooted and Roadblocked are longtime residents of their communities,but less engaged with certain community activities—about half(52%)don't regularly take part in any of the community activities we asked about.They have lower proportions of Internet users(74%),home broadband adopters(58%),smartphone owners(40%),and social media users.They were also less likely to feel comfortable with technology-related tasks we asked about,and some 28%did not read a book in the past 12 months. • Relationship with libraries:This group stands apart from the Not for Me group in its relatively positive views about the role of libraries in communities:78%agree that libraries are important because they promote literacy and reading;75%say libraries improve the quality of life in a community;and 72%say libraries give everyone a chance to succeed. Finally,though only 3o%have a library card and just 33%visited a library in person in the past year,some 54%say library closing would affect them and their families in some way. Non-engagement groups Distant Admirers 00%of the population) • Overview: Distant Admirers account for the majority of those who have never used a library.Despite their lack of personal library use,many say others in their house use libraries,and quite a few indicate that they indirectly rely on various library services.They have very high opinions about importance and role of libraries in communities,in sharp contrast to the other non-user group.As a group,they are relatively older and more likely to live in lower-income households. • Who they are: In addition to having the largest share of Hispanics(27%)of any group, Distant Admirers include a somewhat higher proportion of men(5o%)than the general population.They are also more likely to have relatively lower levels of education(02%did not attend college)and household income(42%live in households earning less than 530,000 a year). • Lifest'ie:They are less likely than some of the other groups to know many neighbors,and when it conies to engagement with cultural and other community activities,they participate at rates that are considerably below the national benchmark-48%say they do not regularly do any of the community activities we asked about.Their technology profile is notably below the national benchmark,and few are heavy book readers.They are much less likely than most other groups to read the news regularly,to feel they can find information on key subjects,and to say they like to learn new things. • Relationship with libraries: Despite their lack of personal use of libraries,this group is notable for its generally positive views about libraries.This might stem from the fact that www.pewresevecli.org 14 PEW RESEARCH CENTER 4o%of Distant Admirers report that someone else in their household is a library user. Two-thirds of them(08%)say libraries are important because they promote literacy and reading;66%say public libraries play an important role in giving everyone a chance to succeed;64%say libraries improve the quality of life in a community.Finally,55%say the loss of the local library would be a blow to the community. Off the Grid(4%of the population) • Overview:Their name comes from the fact that they are disconnected in many ways—not only from libraries,but also from their neighbors and communities,from technology,and from information sources.Many do not regularly read books or stay current with the news. and their technology profile is the lowest among the groups.Their feelings about libraries are likewise distant:Just 28%say their library's closing would have a major impact on their community,and another one in four(25%)say it would have no impact at all. • Who they are:This group includes higher proportions of men(57%),older respondents (the median age 52),and Hispanic respondents(19%),and many tend to live in lower- income households and have lower levels of education-34%never completed high school. The vast majority of members of this group live in small towns(38%)and rural areas (45%),far more than most other groups. • Lifestyle:Those in the Off the Grid group are longtime residents of their communities, but 38%say they don't know the names of anyone who lives close by.They also engage in certain community activities at low levels,and just 59%say they socialize with family and friends daily(well below the national benchmark of 78%).Only 56%use the internee,and just 33%have smartphones.Half read no books in the previous i_months,and just a quarter(25%)say they read books daily. • Relationship with libraries: Like Distant Admirers,none of the members of this group have used a public library in their lives;unlike Distant Admirers,they have the least positive views about libraries.For instance,less than half(45%)strongly agree that public libraries play an important role in giving everyone a chance to succeed by providing access to materials and resources.a view that is otherwise shared by 72%of the general population. www.pewreseier.h.org 15 General patterns in Americans'engagement with public libraries Some general trends extend through these findings,as documented in our earlier reports such as Ho AmeriC n �' lu ?dbli Lib arigs in T�e-r o nin nsi ies: • Socioeconomic status:Broadly speaking,adults with higher levels of education and household inenrne are more likely to use psi alir libraries than those with lower household incomes and lower levels of education.However,among those who have used a l brary in the past year,adults living in lower-income households are more likely to say various Jilrary serviees re very important to them and their families than those living in higher- income households. • Parenthood:Parents of minor children,compared with non-parents,are significantly more likely to use libraries and value libraries'role in their lives. • Iles to learning acquisition:Students,job seekers,and those without home internet, are especiallyliely to value particular library services. These patterns are particularly prominent in the high engagement categories,which contain many of these(often overlapping)groups.In this way,high and medium engagement groups are often more alike than different.In contract,the low and non-engagement groups tend to be more distinct in the circumstances surrounding their lack of library engagement.For instance,looking only at low engagement groups(which include people who have used a library at some point in their lives but not recently),there are: • Not for Me:Respondents who tend to dislike public libraries and are more likely to see them as irrelevant to modern life; • Young and Restless:Young people who generally feel positively about public libraries, but are relatively new to their neighborhoods and are unlikely to know where their local library is located; • Rooted and Roadblocked:Older adults who generally think libraries are good for their community,but may have obstacles in their lives,view libraries as somewhat difficult to use,or otherwise think that libraries are not personally relevant to them at this point in their lives. www.pewreseurch.org u 'EW RESEARCH CENTER Broader trends in Americans'information habits Though the main focus of this report is to describe the typology,there are a number of interesting thematic threads that emerge through that analysis:4 Americans'library habits do not exist in a vacuum:People's connection—or lack of connection—with public libraries is part of their broader information and social landscape.As a rule,people who have extensive economic,social,technological,and cultural resources are also more likely to use and value libraries as part of those networks.Many of those who are less engaged with public libraries tend to have lower levels of technology use,fewer ties to their neighbors,lower feelings of personal efficacy,and less engagement with other cultural activities. Most Americans do not feel overwhelmed by information today.Some i8%of Americans say they feel overloaded by information—a drop in those feeling this way from 2%who said information overload was a problem to them in 2006.Those who feel overloaded are actually less likely to use the interne or smartphones,and are most represented in groups with lower levels of library engagement(such as Off the Grid,Distant Admirers,and Not For Me). Life stage and special circiunstaices are linked to increased library use and higher engagement with information: Deeper connections with public libraries are often associated with key life moments such as having a child,seeking a job,being a student,and going through a situation in which research and data can help inform a decision.Similarly,quieter times of life, such as retirement,or less momentous periods,such as when people's jobs are stable,might prompt less frequent information searches and library visits. Acquiring information is often a social process in which trusted helpers matter: There are indications in the surrey that people often feel they need their social networks and reliable experts to help them navigate some information-intensive activities.Even those in the most self-reliant groups,such as Library Lovers and Information Omnivores,say they would probably ask for help when they file their taxes,if they ever decided to start a business,or apply for government benefits.And the vast majority of those in lower engagement groups say they would likely ask for help if they wanted to master a new technology gadget or start using a new social media platform. Teduiolog-use is not so much a substitute for-offline"activities as it is an enhancement tool: One of the persistent questions about the impact of digital technology is See Woo our U)IIt rnion report'Haw Amer iodris,Veit*.Putnik.Libra le,in Their Conrrrwnities.' http-//IIrrd+Ier_pewi.ther net_or y/2o13/12/11/t b.dries-in-runinwnittes/ www.pewreseerch.org � r 17 *hether it pulls people away from traditional institutions and activities.In the case of library users,there is a strong tie between technology and library use.For instance,the technology-rich profiles of Information Omnivores might suggest that their gadgets could provide all the media and data they could possibly need—yet they still patronize libraries at high levels.Conversely, people with less technology in their lives,such as the Not For Me and Rooted and Roadblocked groups,are also less likely to use libraries.This suggests that technology-is an"add on'for users that helps them leverage the way they acquire information. Libraries score high ease of access and use—even among those who are not frequent users: Fully 91%of Americans ages ro and older say they know where the closest library is,and 72%live within 5 miles of a library branch.Asked how easy it would be for them to use libraries if they wanted,93%of Americans ages io and older say libraries would be easy for them to visit in person,including 74%of those in the Off the Grid group.Further,82%of all Americans say library websites would be easy for them to use. There are people«-lio have never visited a library who still have positive views of public libraries and their roles in their comunmities:Members of the group we identify as "Distant Admirers"have never personally used a library,but nevertheless tend to have strongly positive opinions about how valuable libraries are to communities—particularly for libraries'role in encouraging literacy and for providing resources that might otherwise be hard to obtain.Many Distant Admirers say that someone else in their household does use the library,and therefore may use library resources indirectly. www.pewresedret Lorg PewResearchh( (.ritor JUNE 25,2013 Younger Americans' library habits and expectations Americans ages 16-29 are heavy technology users, including in using computers and internet at libraries.At the same tune,most still read and borrow printed books,and value a mii of traditional and technological library services. Kathryn Zickuhr Research Analyst,Pew Research Centers Internet&American Life Project Lee Rainie Director,Pew Research Center's Internet American Life Project Kristen Purcell Associate Director,Research,Pew Research Centers Internet&American Life Project http://libraries.pewinternet.org/2013/06/2 5/younger-americans-library-services/ FOR FURTHER INFORMATION,CONTACT: �r�rrrr Summary of findings Younger Americans—those ages 16-29—exhibit a fascinating mix of habits and preferences when it comes to reading,libraries,and technology.Almost all Americans under age 30 are online,and they are more likely than older patrons to use libraries'computer and internet connections;however,they are also still closely bound to print,as three-quarters(75%)of younger Americans say they have read at least one book in print in the past year,compared with 64%of adults ages 30 and older. Similarly,younger Americans'library usage reflect a blend of traditional and technological services. Americans under age 30 are just as likely as older adults to visit the library,and once there they borrow print books and browse the shelves at similar rates.Large majorities of those under age 30 say it is "very important"for libraries to have librarians as well as books for borrowing,and relatively few think that libraries should automate most library services,move most services online,or move print books out of public areas. At the same time,younger library visitors are more likely than older patrons to access the library's internet or computers or use the library's research resources,such as databases.And younger patrons are also significantly more likely than those ages 30 and older to use the library as a study or"hang out" space:60%of younger patrons say they go to the library to study,sit and read,or watch or listen to media,significantly more than the 45%of older patrons who do this.And a majority of Americans of all age groups say libraries should have more comfortable spaces for reading,working,and relaxing_ Younger Americans' use of technology Compared with older adults,Americans under age 30 are just as likely to have visited a library in the past year(67%of those ages 16-29 say this,compared with 62%of adults ages 30 and older),but they are significantly more likely to have either used technology at libraries or accessed library websites and services remotely: • Some 38%of Americans ages 16-29 have used computers and the internet at libraries in the past year,compared with 22%of those ages 30 and older.Among those who use computers and internet at libraries,young patrons are more likely than older users to use the library's computers or Internet to do research for school or work,visit social networking sites,or download or watch online video. • Almost half(48%)of Americans ages 16-29 have ever visited a library website,compared with 36%of those ages 30 and older(who are significantly less likely to have done so).1 • Almost one in five(18%)Americans ages 16-29 have used a mobile device to visit a public library's website or access library resources in the past 12 months,compared with 12%of those ages 30 and older. The higher rates of technology use at libraries by those under age 30 is likely related to their heavier adoption of technology elsewhere in their lives.In the late-2012 survey analyzed in this report,over nine Though the sample size was too small to report detailed findings within age groups,more information about how Americans used library websites is available at:http://libraries.pewinternet.ore/2013/01/22/part-2-what-people- do-at-librari es-an d-library-websites/ pew .org 3 in ten younger Americans owned a cell phone,with the majority owning a smartphone;some 16% owned an e-reader,and 25%owned a tablet computer. The high figures for technology adoption by young adults is also striking in more recent surveys by the Pew Research Center's Internet&American Life Project(surveys that covered those 18 and older,cited here for reference): • 98%of young adults ages 18-29 use the internet and 80%have broadband at homez • 97%of young adults ages 18-29 own a cell phone and 65%own a smartphonet • 34%of young adults ages 18-29 have a tablet computer° • 28%of young adults ages 18-29 own an e-readers focusing back on younger Americans ages 16-29 from our November 2012 survey,we find that their interest in technology is reflected in their views about library services:97%of Americans under age 30 say it is important for libraries to provide free computer and intemet access to the community,including 75%who say it is"very important." E-book reading habits over time As with other age groups,younger Americans were significantly more likely to have read an a-book during 2012 than a year earlier.Among all those ages 16-29,19%read an a-book during 2011,while 25% did so in 2012.At the same time,however,print reading among younger Americans has remained steady:When asked if they had read at least one print book in the past year,the same proportion(75%) of Americans under age 30 said they had both in 2011 and in 2012. In fact,younger Americans under age 30 are now significantly more likely than older adults to have read a book in print in the past year(75%of all Americans ages 16-29 say this,compared with 64%of those ages 30 and older).And more than eight in ten(85%)older teens ages 16-17 read a print book in the past year,making them significantly more likely to have done so than any other age group. Library habits and priorities for libraries The under-30 age group remains anchored in the digital age,but retains a strong relationship with print media and an affinity for libraries.Moreover,younger Americans have a broad understanding of what a library is and can be—a place for accessing printed books as well as digital resources,that remains at its core a physical space. Overall,most Americans under age 30 say it is"very important"for libraries to have librarians and books for borrowing;they are more ambivalent as to whether libraries should automate most library services or move most services online.Younger Americans under age 30 are just as likely as older adults to visit the library,and younger patrons borrow print books,browse the shelves,or use research databases at 'Among adults 18 and older(May 2013):http://www.pewresearch.orgJfact-tankI2013/05/30/internet-adoption- becomes-nearly-u n iversal-among-so m e-groups-but-oth ers-lag-behind/ Among adults 18 and older(May 2013):http:%/www.pewintemet.ore/Reports/2013JSmartphone-Ownership- 2013.aspx t Among adults 18 and older(May 2013):http://www.pewintemet.or lleports12013/Tablet-Ownership-2013.aspx s Among adults 18 and older;does not include Spanish-language interviews(January 2013): http:Nwww.pewintemet.ordShared-content/Data-Sets/2013/Ja nuary-2013--Mobile-Shopping-(omnibusl.a sp x libraries-pewinternet.org 4 similar rates to older patrons;finally,younger library visitors are more likely to use the computer or internet at a library,and more likely to see assistance from librarians while doing so. Additionally,younger patrons are significantly more likely than older library visitors to use the library as a space to sit and ready,study,or consume media—some 60%of younger library patrons have done that in the past 12 months,compared with 45%of those ages 30 and older.And most younger Americans say that libraries should have completely separate locations or spaces for different services, such as children's services,computer labs,reading spaces,and meeting rooms:57%agree that libraries should"definitely"do this. Along those lines,patrons and librarians in our focus groups often identified teen hangout spaces as especially important to keep separate from the main reading or lounge areas,not only to reduce noise and interruptions for other patrons,but also to give younger patrons a sense of independence and ownership.A library staff member in our online panel wrote: "Having a separate children's area or young adults area will cater solely to those groups and make them feel that the library is theirs.They do not have to deal with adults watching them or monitoring what book they pick or what they choose to do—it's all about them and what they want with no judgment.Children and teens love having their own space so why not give them that at the library?" Younger Americans'priorities for libraries reflect this mix of habits,including various types of brick-and- mortar services as well as digital technologies.Asked about what it is"very important"libraries should offer,for instance,librarians were at the top of the list: • 80%of Americans under age 30 say it is"very important"for libraries to have librarians to help people find information they need • 76%say it is"very important"for libraries to offer research resources such as free databases • 75%say free access to computers and the internet is"very important"for libraries to have • 75%say it is"very important"for libraries to offer books for people to borrow • 72%say quiet study spaces are"very important" • 72%say programs and classes for children and teens are"very important"for libraries to have • 71%say it is"very important"for libraries to offer job or career resources However,even as young patrons are enthusiastic users of libraries,they are not as likely to see it as a valuable asset in their lives.Even though 16-17 year-olds rival 30-49 year-olds as the age groups most likely to have used a library in the past year,those in this youngest age group are less likely to say that libraries are important to them and their families.Parents and adults in their thirties and forties,on the other hand,are more likely to say they value libraries,and are more likely than other Americans to use many library services. Attitudes toward current and future library services When it comes to questions about the kinds of services libraries should offer,the top priorities of younger adult,are that libraries should coordinate more with schools and offer free literacy programs, the same as older adults. libraries_pewinternet.org 5 What services and programs younger Americans say libraries should or should not implement Among all Americans ages 16-29,the percentage who say public libraries should"definitely,` "maybe,"or'should definitely not"implement the following programs •Should definitely do Should maybe do ■Should definitely not do Coordinate more with local schools .�12% 1% Free literacy programs 1111.01111111 12% 1% 1 i ■ Have more comfortable spaces 64% 31% 14% separate spaces for different services 57% 35% I Offer a broader selection of a-books 54% 37% 1 4% Offer more interactive learning experiences 53% 37% I Move most library services online 44% 36% ill Help users digitize material 47% III Make most services automated 41% 33% ii: Move some books,stacks out of public locations 11011 47% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Source:Pew Research Center's Internet&American Life Library Services Survey of 2,252 people ages 16 and older conducted October 15-November 10,2012.N=070 for Americans ages 16-29.Interviews were conducted in English and Spanish and on landline and cell phones. Younger Americans'priorities for libraries also mirror those of older adults in other measures.For instance,80%of Americans under age 30 say that librarians are a"very important"resource for libraries to have(along with 81%of adults ages 30 and older)_Other resources ranked"very important"by Americans under age 30 include: • Research resources such as free databases(76%) • Free access to computers and the Internet(75%) libraries.pewinternet.org 6 • Books for borrowing(75%) • Quiet study spaces(72%) • Programs and classes for children and teens(72%) • Job or career resources(71%) Finally,when given a series of questions about possible new services at libraries,Americans ages 16-29 expressed the strongest interest in apps that would let them locate library materials within the library or access library services on their phone,as well as library kiosks that would make library materials available throughout the community.In addition,younger respondents were somewhat more likely than older adults to say they would be likely to use personalized online accounts,digital media labs, and pre-loaded e-readers. The following chart shows the differences between age groups that emerged when respondents were asked about the future of libraries. Which library services Americans say they would be "very likely" to use Among Americans ages I6+,the%who say they would be"very likely"to use the following library services and activities,by age group •Ages 16-29 Ages 30-49 Ages 50-64 •Ages 65+ 50 40 44 44 38 38 I 40 39 40 36 30 20 ZI 30 21 20 Cell GP5 app that Library kiosks in Cell app to access An online research Program to try out helps locate material community to check library services service I'ask a new tech inside library out books,movies librarian'i devices;apps •Ages 16-29 Ages 30-49 Ages 50-64 ■Ages 65+ 40 30 32 31 34 31 30 20 27 26 24 25 _ 10 1 15 5 Personalized Pre-loaded Digital media lab to Classes on how to Classes on how to use accounts w/book e-readers create multimedia borrow a-books e-reading devices recs content Source:Pew Research Center's Internet&American Life Library services Survey of 2,252 people ages 16 and older conducted October 15-November 10,2012.N=470 for Americans ages 16-29.The survey was conducted in English and Spanish and on landline and cell phones. libraries-pewinternet-org 7 A snapshot of younger Americans' reading and library habits Reading habits Some 82%of Americans ages 16-29 read at least one book in any format in the previous 12 months.Over the past year,these younger readers consumed a mean(average)of 13 books— a median(midpoint)of 6 books. • 75%of Americans ages 16-29 read at least one book in print in the past year • 25%read at least one e-book • 14%listened to at least one audiobook Library use As of November 2012: • 65%of Americans ages 16-29 have a library card. • 86%of those under age 30 have visited a library or bookmobile in person;over half (58%)have done so in the past year. • 48%of those under age 30 have visited a library website;28%have done so in the past year. • 18%of those under age 30 have visited library websites or otherwise accessed library services by mobile device in the past 12 months. Among recent library users under age thirty(that is,Americans ages 16-29 who have visited a library,library website,or library's mobile services in the past year),22%say their overall library use has increased over the past five years.Another 47%said it had stayed about the same,and 30%said it had decreased over that time period. About this research This report explores the changing world of library services by exploring the activities at libraries that are already in transition and the kinds of services citizens would like to see if they could redesign libraries themselves.It is part of a larger research effort by the Pew Research Center's Internet&American Life Project that is exploring the role libraries play in people's lives and in their communities.The research is underwritten by the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation. This report contains findings from a survey of 2,252 Americans ages 16 and above between October 15 and November 10,2012.The surveys were administered half on landline phones and half on cell phones and were conducted in English and Spanish.The margin of error for the full survey is plus or minus 2.3 percentage points.More information about the survey is available in the Methods section at the end of this report_ libraries.pewinternet.org 8 �r�llrr There were several long lists of activities and services in the phone survey.In many cases,we asked half the respondents about one set of activities and the other half of the respondents were asked about a different set of activities.These findings are representative of the population ages 16 and above,but it is important to note that the margin of error rises when only a portion of respondents is asked a question. The number of respondents in each group or subgroup is noted in the charts throughout the report. In addition,we quote librarians and library patrons who participated in focus groups in person and online that were devoted to discussions about library services and the future of libraries.Our in-person focus groups were conducted in Chicago,Illinois;Denver,Colorado;Charlotte,North Carolina;and Baltimore,Maryland in late 2012 and early 2013. Other quotes in this report come from an online panel canvassing of librarians who have volunteered to participate in Pew Internet.research.Over 2,000 library staff members participated in the online canvassing that took place in late 2012.No statistical results from that canvassing are reported here because it was an opt-in opportunity meant to draw out comments from patrons and librarians,and the findings are not part of a representative,probability sample.Instead,we highlight librarians'written answers to open-ended questions that illustrate how they are thinking about and implementing new library services. Age group definitions For the purposes of this report,we define younger Americans as those ages 16-29,although we will use several different frameworks for this analysis.At times we will compare all those ages 16-29 to all older adults(ages 30 and older).When more fine-grained analysis reveals important differences,we will divide younger readers into three distinct groups:high-schoolers(ages 16 and 17);college-aged adults (ages 18-24)who are starting their post-secondary life;and adults in their later twenties(ages 25-29) who are entering jobs and careers.b For more information about these older age groups,please see our earlier report,Library Services in the Digital Age. Acknowledgements About the Pew Research Center's Internet&American Life Project The Pew Research Center's Internet&American Life Project is an initiative of the Pew Research Center, a nonprofit"fact tank"that provides information on the issues,attitudes,and trends shaping America and the world.The Pew Internet Project explores the impact of the internet on children,families, communities,the work place,schools,health care and civic/political life.The Project is nonpartisan and takes no position on policy issues.Support for the Project is provided by The Pew Charitable Trusts. More information is available at pewinternet_org_ 6 In the full sample,n=101 for Americans ages 16-17,218 for Americans ages 18-24,and 196 for Americans ages 25-29. libraries.pewinternet.org 9 o+ 1 .t 1,,1 Home >News >Libraries American Water Works Association is seeking a SR MANAGER- DIGITAL NEXT JOB PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. The User Is (Still) Not Itr®ken There are disruptions everywhere—formats, distribution, and technology—but the one constant that gets forgotten is people By Bryan Kenney I Jan 27, 2014 Back in 2006, Karen Schneider, now university librarian at Oakland, Calif.'s Holy Names University, published "The User Is Not Broken: A Meme Masquerading as a Manifesto" on her blog, the Free Range Librarian. The post, as radical as it was simple, sparked debate, quickly became a classic in the profession, and is now a touchstone for librarians eager to reinvent their institutions. l But how well has the piece, written as a series of pithy maxims, survived r. ? `'4, the past eight years? Extraordinarily well, it turns out—even if our i f ,, responses to some of Schneider's rules continue to change. .,f,, t t, We Are Not a Format, We Are a Service \}' 1 We all should have had this sentence taped above our desks these T last five years—it would have helped us weather the public's .it;; j'<<.v ,�i t i ` 4s r3 fascination with e-books and the publishing industry's exasperating ' fr L licensing impediments and nutty pricing models. �r=r aA ?� ��� � g P Y P g P"rsyc+ n 3 1 ,� `'4'T S �k fly �i .-,,- /2 -. For decades our identity was married to a format: the print book. And " ''vk despite the tech boom, little has changed. According to a 2010 OCLC w Af +tx,' r �. report, Perception of Libraries, 75% of Americans primarily associate RELATED STORIES: libraries with books—more than in 2005 ( 69%). • PW issue Contents With that in mind, it's understandable how the rise of e-books might • More in News ->Libraries send some librarians into a tailspin. E-books, many of us feared, • More in articles by Brian Kenney would send us the way of the dinosaur, because print would become obsolete and we wouldn't be able to license e-books. 1.,,,j,,„ Want to reprint? Get permissions. It turns out that the e-books Manifest Destiny has been overhyped. E- book sales have flattened in the past year, and during the same FREE E-NEWSLETTERS period, according to new research from Pew, the number of adults who reported reading an e-book has grown only modestly, from 23% Entere-mail address to 28%. 1 J PW Daily(b'J Tip Sheet ,MGR More Newsletters This mirrors what's happening in my library. E-book borrowing is growing at a reasonable pace, but print book borrowing is growing too —just at a slower rate. And e-book circulation remains a small piece of our overall circulation. While we once feared that e-books were going to leave us behind, we now fear that by shifting to digital too quickly, we'll leave behind our core patrons. The e-book, no longer the bright young thing, is now settling into early middle age. Digital turns out to be just another format, and it's not even the prettiest. Granted, for some it's the format of choice, just like audiobooks are for other patrons. But many readers move back and forth, motivated by availability or by what's happening in their lives, like an upcoming long flight to California to visit the grandkids. Others, when told that the only available copy of a title (say, Donna Tartt's Goldfinch) is an e-book, recoil like we offered them a cuneiform tablet. And, no, there doesn't seem to be any correlation between readers' ages and format preferences, except that teens seem to really, really hate e-books (unless that's the only format they can get Veronica Roth's Divergent trilogy in). Readers are looking to us to connect them with books, whether via the new books display, their favorite reference librarian, or our Web site. Turns out it really is the service they want. We're not, as Schneider wrote, a format after all. The OPAC Is Not the Sun Not only is the OPAC (the library catalogue, for you nonlibrarians) not the Sun, Schneider wrote, it is "at best a distant planet, every year moving farther from the orbit of its solar system." Back in 2006, librarians were grappling with the sad reality that our catalogues—with their rich, expensive metadata (did you know that The Goldfinch is 25 cm tall?)—were taking a back seat to Amazon and other online tools. Readers wanted an easy search that was likely to deliver the books they were looking for on the first try, along with cover art, reviews (from anyone, really), as well as suggestions for read-alikes. Today's catalogues have improved, typically including covers and reviews. Some libraries have partnered with software developers like Bibliocommons, to allow users to customize their online experience, tag content, and post reviews. Other libraries import data from social reading sites like Library Thing. We may no longer be moving farther from the orbit of its solar system, but we are still far from the Sun. And that's okay. Readers today have a lot of tools at their disposal—their Amazon wish lists, their bookmarked reviews, their buddies on Goodreads—and libraries are now only one player among many. Public library OPACs just need to be easy to navigate, have relevancy ranking by default, and allow users to easily perform tasks, like placing holds. What has changed is discovery within the library. Many readers, young and old, relish browsing through physical books, and with the sad decline in the number of bookstores, they have fewer opportunities to do so. If a library can support a robust new books collection with multiple copies of many titles, can display the books with care, and can weed the area assiduously, then it is well on its way to developing a user base that will regard the library as a sun. Your Web site Is Your Ambassador to Tomorrow's Taxpayers As Schneider astutely noted, many users will meet a library's Web site long before they see its building, its physical resources, or its librarians. This statement is truer than ever in 2014, meaning that today a good Web site is even more critical than it was back in 2006. After all, some users—like committed digital readers—may never visit their local library or meet its staff. If new users are able to navigate the library's Web site, and register for their cards online without ever coming into the building (and why shouldn't they?), then they're off—they can download and stream. It could be a decade before they stop by the library, if ever. But if libraries' Web sites really are their ambassadors, then many of us librarians need to pay more attention to them. Some sites still have poor usability (five clicks to get to popular resources?) and are full of strange library jargon. And what's with this habit of throwing up product logos without explanation? Who would guess that NoveList Plus provides book recommendations and isn't, say, a site for fan fiction? The best library Web sites today are marketing vehicles, pushing library programs and services and engaging our public, while continuing to provide bread-and-butter features, like access to catalogues. Just look at how NYPL.com (the New York Public Library's site) throws up an incredible mix of book lists, programs, and performances; it borders on being chaotic, but generates real excitement. Or look at how well the graphic and bold design of the homepage of the Salt Lake City Public Library markets its activities and invites repeat visits. Meet People Where They Are—Not Where We Want Them to Be Libraries are very good at organizing and presenting content in anticipation of users' needs. From cataloging resources to creating booklists, to offering workshops and classes, we're all about meeting people where we think they may be. The trouble is, not all individuals fit into our elaborate schema. It's difficult to genuinely meet people where they are. It's far easier to set up a system that we think might help most users—and a whole lot cheaper. Meeting people where they are can take a serious commitment of staff time. In the past decade, libraries have experimented with creating alternatives to their "build it and they will come" paradigm. Teen librarians, working with teen advisory groups, have encouraged their users to help determine teen programs and services. Letting the public have a role in ordering materials is one way to open a library's collection to its readers. Book-a-librarian programs allow us to focus on our users' needs in more depth than is possible at a reference desk. For several years, my library provided drop-in e-reader help. But in the past 12 months, interest in e- readers.has taken a nosedive, so we expanded the program to offer help for other types of devices. The response has been enthusiastic: the public has hauled in cameras, phones, laptops, and iPads. No amount of handouts, FAQs on our Web site, and classes could begin to address the variety of questions we have received, and few programs have generated gratitude. Technology isn't something we offer, it's something we do, and helping people understand how to use their technology is perfectly in line with what libraries do best: respond to people's needs. The User Is Not Broken At its essence, Schneider's essay demands that we focus on people, and that we pay close attention to how people interact with us and the systems we have created. When a visitor leaves our Web site in frustration, or a browser exits the building empty-handed, it's not his or her fault. It's because our systems are in some way broken. The future of libraries gets a lot of attention these days, especially from those outside of libraries. It's understandable. There are disruptions to formats, distribution, and technology that would seem to undermine our existence. But the one constant that gets forgotten is people. If libraries remain focused on channeling their resources toward helping people solve their problems and meet their needs, then we are providing a service so unique in this world that it will be hard to readily dismiss us. "The user is the Sun," Schneider wrote in 2006. She's right. f S / Subscribe to r rt f , / �n+xk- UNIT RS TaV', s �r4,66; t� G�nf.,,�S. �Gt/7c veKut'4 GGt-a e. t •f„f ,.r, our free digital r ou s*IQ�. Lean O edition and i� X Master of Science in Social Work r: d,., .. ,�:-�:i U E"LeaO•Y '4 e-newsletter t J f ;; Specializations Available 100% Online I � I :today! 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I> Public Library ' r y ,t `}v,+ , 7 �si ® Social Work a V 4V,x ' . .-........,..:-..•"...:....... _, z ': ''''6. ® Online Library by Barbara Trainin Blank Public libraries have always been democratic, serving a cross-section of the population. After all, they are public, often easily accessible, and free. As these populations have shifted to include more of the disadvantaged population, including people who are homeless, there is a small but growing trend for libraries to include social workers—not as patrons, but as helping professionals on staff. It's not surprising that libraries have become hubs for homeless people or even the equivalent of day shelters. In addition to their other assets, libraries have plenty of bathrooms and no security checks. They are also safe, which is an important consideration. According to the National Coalition for the Homeless, as of 3uly 17, 2014, 337 homeless people have been killed in hate crimes in 15 years. The trend toward providing social services in libraries began at the San Francisco Public _..___ _ ----.C� Library (SFPL), which hired a licensed marriage and family therapist, not an MSW. Free Resume Template "Many of my clients have told me that they consider the library a sanctuary, and many of j / wTem ht.35 them utilize and truly enjoy the library resources,"says Leah Esguerra, LMFT, hired through .... a partnership between the San Francisco Public Library and the San Francisco Department I s Free Resume Samples of Health/San Francisco Homeless Outreach Team. I view sa n,i>les But in addition, the library's goal is to connect its homeless and indigent patrons to __ _- —' available community resources, where their basic needs for food, shelter, hygiene, and Free Resume Formatting attention can be addressed. Esguerra spends her day roaming the library floors, 1 ie W Fcrmaln g Tools keeping an eye out for regulars who might need help. _— — ._aa-a-_- At first, Esguerra's primary responsibilities were to provide direct services to patrons and El �training to the library staff on issues of homelessness, mental health, and substance abuse. Free Resume Builder But because of the interest the program has aroused among libraries and social service v oPcsu e udder agencies, she also communicates with institutions that are considering hiring a social worker. Esguerra supervises six health and safety associates and two team leaders to do further Great gift book for social workers! outreach at the main library and some of the branches. "The associates are formerly homeless people who have first-hand experience with San Francisco social services,"she !! I e 6min 8 says. f Elsewhere in California, the Pima County Library became the first in the nation to hire ( - &c Ends public health nurses in its branches. The San Jose Public Library sent a caseworker to SFPL 4`1 , for training and consultation and now has a case manager on staff in a program entitled t,+', f "Social Workers in the Library." (rir 1 Begun by Deborah Estreicher(a librarian on staff who has worked with outreach `I j` ,�.� i' n ' programs), Peter Lee, Glenn Thomas, and Cyndy Thomas, the program brings volunteer \ A. { social workers into the library twice a month for free 20-minute referrals. Members of the National Association of Social Workers, North California Chapter, staff the program. `' The social workers can help with such issues as education; emergency services (food, sinew lyssolin ontho clothing, housing, and crisis support); employment; family matters; health improvement Aft,&Soul DI Snclnf Wu k (including health insurance); immigration; and support groups for men, women, and teens. ocr't�, _� ^yll The Encinitas Library in San Diego may soon have free access to social workers. It has been exploring a partnership with San Diego State University's School of Social Work. The Edmonton Public Library in Canada also hired a social worker, modeled after the San Readers React Francisco program. David MacMain, BSW, formerly of the Edmonton Library, was the first social worker in the program, which started in August 2011. My new year's resolution is to advance He called it the"brainchild"of Virginia Clavette, manager of programming at the main social work profession in a country that downtown branch, which has become"very much a hub of activity and community center, in don't exist in the ... the proximity of homeless shelters and frontline agencies." The Edmonton Library applied to the provisional government and won a Safer Community Ahmed Nuri Muse I Social Work Resolutions-2015 Initiative grant. Part of the grant was to pay for three social workers and to provide IDs for patrons."It's a huge barrier when they cannot pay for their own," MacMain notes. Edmonton aimed to serve both diagnosed and undiagnosed individuals with mental health Thanks, a million thanks. I'rn going to start issues who have fallen between the cracks. "Many libraries serve the middle class, but this soon to work as a Social Worker and I feel one has a different demographic, and we decided to embrace it and make a difference in the very very I... community,"he adds. "A big part of the outreach worker's job is to connect people with resources and do community building," Raquel 110 Things Every New Social Worker Needs To Know About People The library social worker trend is too uncommon for the National Association of Social Workers to track—yet. Neither does the American Library Association, although the ALA provided examples of its member branches with these or similar programs. I'm glad I found this article since I'm The Denver Public Library's Community Technology Center team pays regular visits to the experiencing the same issues with the area day shelter for homeless and low-income women. The women receive instruction In job government agency I'm... interviewing techniques and technology skills, and once class is over, receive bus tokens to tour the main library and get library cards. Ed Dllone I The Importance of Agency Culture and Even in the absence of such formal programs, librarians often feel they must help users Balanced Boundaries find shelter, food, and other public services, as more and more people seem to fall between the cracks. Partly, this is because they get to know patrons, especially those who come in on a regular basis. To take LCSW exam and focus on me for a Sari Feldman, director of the Cuyahoga Community Public Library (Ohio) and incoming bit. president of the ALA (as of 2015-2016), noted that today's libraries"play a huge role in Terri White I Social Work Resolutions-2015 serving all people, in particular, the neediest. We have a great opportunity to create equity and to change lives." Some libraries work one-on-one, or help people who want to go back to school or work, Featured Jobs at through adult basic education, GED classes, and career counseling workshops. "Computers in Featured SocialWorkJobBank Jobs at a library make a big difference, as a lifeline to dislocated persons," Feldman says. Although the rate of homelessness has been growing for decades, today's society is --- 1.� witnessing more homeless youth and more homeless people with mental illnesses in the Featured Jobs j �, community after deinstitutionalization. " "During the day, the homeless are looking for free, safe places without recrimination or Find Jobs Q discrimination.The library has always been that place, but now it embraces the role," r Licensed Clinical Social Worker/Licensed Feldman adds. Independent Social Worker I Rock bland,IL-UnityPoint Health-Trinity 1 There would probably be more social workers in libraries, she says, except libraries have i Join the team that's changing healthcare for... faced extreme budget cuts in recent years, and adding positions is a challenge. Staff 1, training in dealing with homeless or mentally HI patrons is also needed. ; counselor Ill-Clinical supervIsor Ma Olive Thompson, MSW, MLS, has been hired by the Kansas City Library as Director Dallas,Tx-The Family Place Mary p The Family Fine soaks a full time of Library Outreach and Community Engagement. She works out of the Bluford Branch, which casernanager/colt... she calls an"epicenter"for a library health and wellness initiative. Clinical Director Thompson, who has master's degrees in social work and library science, says, Cultingsvllle,VT-Spring Lake Ranch "Increasingly, the public library is a community site, not just a repository of boolcs and Spring Lake Ranch TherapeuticCormunity (SLR)is a... tapes. We can make referrals for needed services." Licensed Behavioral Health Provider Thompson stays informed about services in the community, information she shares with Waycross,GA-unison Behavioral Health branch staff. She gets calls from them periodically about how to help patrons, like the ex- Responsible for providing behavioral health offender who had trouble finding housing. "There are resources out there,"she says. assess... In addition, staff go out to transitional housing sites and day care centers and help Program Director individuals meet with social service agencies. Mnneapolls suburb,MN-Nexus Nexus,a growing,nationally recognized,not- Public libraries can also help patrons with applications for public assistance—as this often for-p... has to be done online, and many people either don't have computers or don't know how to use them. Post a Job More jobs The nation's capital has been no exception to the trend.The Martin Luther King branch of powered byQuonraacer the DC Library hired Jean Badalamenti, an MSW, who is the health and human services coordinator of the office of programs and partnerships of the DC Library. Badalamenti, on the job only since May said the hiring of a social worker at the library is ? 4 )j • part of an"intentional focusing"on the homeless population of the area in partnership with J A government and non-government agencies. In addition, the DC Library is in the process of O "k. r gr•- ''`(}i{.. obtaining funding to provide library services as of 2015 for the DC jail. "Hospice also wants }' to do a program with us,"she says. r Although the staff at the library don't ask questions or assume anything about who is ie�y coming in they are aware that at MLK, the homeless population makes up a large tinciaMoul r. , percentage of the patrons. Most of the homeless patrons are male and single, although there are also some women and families, Badalamenti doesn't do case management. Her goals for the library are to create partnerships with service providers, connect people and services, and maybe provide some of these services in the library. Another aim is to find places for people to rest or have meal services—sleeping in the library is a "no-no" at most (but not all) libraries. Badalamenti would like to develop a comprehensive list of community resources for homeless patrons, and provide more staff training about this population and how to deescalate the situation if someone is in crisis. The DC library allows anyone to come in and check e-mail, look for a job, or go on Facebook. Badalamenti is also looking to create daytime programming for people experiencing homelessness. One such program already in place off site is Story Time at the DC Homeless Family Shelter, the only such facility in the capital. "My long-range plan is to bring providers into the library and maybe do a coordinated assessment of individuals to get them to the right services," she says. "Some need a lot of help or a little, or they might need permanent supportive housing. No coordinated assessment [of these needs] has been clone in DC." There is evidence that the shift in populations served by libraries isn't really new—only the awareness of it is. The media aren't full of coverage of library social work, but some, including National Public Radio, governing.com, and Reuters, among others, have written about it.The Washington Post ran an article about Badalamenti's work at the DC Library in August of this year. Health Day, an online publication, questioned how librarians can protect themselves from troubled or violent patrons—a darker side of the democratization of libraries to include those who fall through the cracks. Libraries, says DC's Badalamenti, are becoming"real places of the community, and embracing diversity."Her MLK library, for example, partners with the DC Fringe Festival and welcomes musicians and entertainers in the great hall. Undergoing renovation now, it will include a café within a few years. The HOME Page Café, opened in 2008, is a coffee bar owned and operated by Project HOME in the Parkway Central Branch of the Free Library of Philadelphia. At the café, four formerly homeless individuals serve more than 150 customers daily. A total of 17 formerly homeless people have been trained and gone on to other employment—often going back to school and reuniting with family. The café offers extensive training in customer service, coffee preparation, and workplace skills to staff, who also pass the Serve Safe Food safety exam. The ALA notes other examples of social service type programs.The New York Public Library is reaching out to at-risk youth. BridgeUp, an educational and antipoverty program, provides academic and social support to at-risk New York City youth in an effort to prepare them for success. Supported by a $15 million grant from the Helen Gurley Brown Trust, the five-year program offers services to more than 250 New York City eighth to 12th graders each year at NYPL branches in underserved neighborhoods. "Libraries are on the front line, whether they want to or not,"says Jeremy Rosen, director of advocacy at the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty. In cooperation with the Baltimore County Communities for the Homeless—a network of volunteers formed to eliminate homelessness through education, government relations, advocacy, and community development—the Baltimore County Public Library created the Street Card program. Services include employment, food and other emergency assistance, health, financial support, legal help, shelters, and others. The Sacramento Public Library's Central Library has partnered with the Downtown Sacramento Partnership, dedicated to the improvement of the city's central business district, and beginning in 2011, contracted for the services of one of its Homeless Outreach Workers (Navigator). The Navigator works in the library Tuesday through Friday, interacting with patrons she believes may have homelessness or mental illness issues. As she gains their trust, she helps them"navigate"through social service programs to find the help they need with housing, substance abuse, income assistance, and more. She also provides staff with in-house expertise in reference, information, and referral for vulnerable populations. For sure, the quiet library of the past is not the library of today. Initiatives such as hiring library social workers live up to the public library's tradition as the"first social justice initiative of Western society,"adds MacMain, formerly of Edmonton. "Access to information is power, and the library gave people that access." The ways that access is being given may change, but it's all part of an honored tradition. Barbara Trainin Blank is a freelance writer based in the Washington, DC, area. Tags Fall 2014 Library social work Homelessness Do you like this? Like 6,810 people like this.S:yn Up to see w hal your friends like. Share the love! liSS Print Comments Type subject here... 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Please contact the publisher for permission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. null.with Metro Publisher'' AdCholces ED D- Library Science ® E Books Library P Youth Programs ® Social Services Texas library offers glimpse of bookless future Paul J.Weber,The Associated Press':+L;.r.rn.I.:Y7.Ia,I it u.■-!,?Ui-!� } T j ! i + ir �d 4y�� 4 t 1�`' N 4 r��i1 t'l Y IS�by T 4ti rk'i c , r is � w�>• �^l t'�A a (Photo:Eric Gay,AP) STORY HIGHLIGHTS O The nation's first completely bookless public library is In San Antonio,Texas O The library offers iMacs,iPads and tablets for patrons to use O One advantage of a bootless library:"Books are heavy,if you've ever had one fall on your foot" SAN ANTONIO(AP)—Texas has seen the future of the public library, and it looks a lot like an Apple Store: Rows of glossy iMacs beckon. iPads mounted on a tangerine-colored bar invite readers.And hundreds of other tablets stand ready for checkout to anyone with a borrowing card. Even the librarians imitate Apple's dress code,wearing matching shirts and that standard-bearer of geek-chic,the hoodie. But this$2.3 million library might be most notable for what it does not have—any actual books. That makes Bexar County's BiblioTech the nation's only bookless public library,a distinction that has attracted scores of digital bookworms, plus emissaries from as far away as Hong Kong who want to learn about the idea and possibly take it home. "I told our people that you need to take a look at this.This is the future,"said Mary Graham,vice president of South Carolina's Charleston Metro Chamber of Commerce."If you're going to be building new library facilities,this is what you need to be doing." All-digital libraries have been on college campuses for years.But the county,which runs no other libraries,made history when it decided to open BiblioTech.It is the first bookless public library system in the country,according to information gathered by the American Library Association. Similar proposals in other communities have been met with doubts.In California,the city of Newport Beach floated the concept of a bookless branch in 2011 until a backlash put stacks back in the plan.Nearly a decade earlier in Arizona,the Tucson-Pima library system opened an all-digital branch,but residents who said they wanted books ultimately got their way. Graham toured BiblioTech in the fall and is pushing Charleston leaders for a bond measure in 2014 to fund a similar concept,right down to the same hip aesthetic reminiscent of Apple. Except Apple Stores aren't usually found in parts of town like this.BiblioTech is on the city's economically depressed South Side and shares an old strip mall with a Bexar County government building.On a recent afternoon,one confused couple walked into the library looking for the justice of the peace. San Antonio is the nation's seventh-largest city but ranks 60th in literacy, according to census figures.Back in the early 2000s,community leaders in Bibliotech's neighborhood of low-income apartments and thrift stores railed about not even having a nearby bookstore,said Laura Cole,BiblioTech's project coordinator.A decade later,Cole said,most families in the area still don't have Wi-Fi. "How do you advance literacy with so few resources available?"she said, Residents are taking advantage now.The library is on pace to surpass 100,000 visitors in its first year.Finding an open iMac among the four dozen at BiblioTech is often difficult after the nearby high school lets out,and about half of the facility's e-readers are checked out at any given time,each loaded with up to five books. One of BiblioTech's regulars is a man teaching himself Mandarin. Head librarian Ashley Elkholf came from a traditional Wisconsin high school library and recalled the scourges of her old job:misshelved items hopelessly lost in the stacks,pages thoughtlessly ripped out of books and items that went unreturned by patrons who were unfazed by measly fines and lax enforcement. But in the nearly four months since BiblioTech opened,Elkholf has yet to lend out one of her pricey tablets and never see it again.The space is also more economical than traditional libraries despite the technology:BiblioTech purchases its 10,000-title digital collection for the same price as physical copies,but the county saved millions on architecture because the building's design didn't need to accommodate printed books, "If you have bookshelves,you have to structure the building so it can hold all of that weight,"Elkholf said."Books are heavy,if you've ever had one fall on your foot." \ / �t : „r^r r ..7. S .,,,,,,..,f;,-,r{ \ :. 'a.s ;40 r ,, ay,.r}e2 r�vr> h1 F "" K�'t "j eR ° t r r 9: , 1.1 : . 6 .` qr r, i ww ,try.m.. star ri t',Y^7 r. s r ;.r ,'.." i l'''- r ! 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Patrons use computers at BlblloTech,a first of its kind digital public library In San Antonlo.(Photo:Eric Gay,AP) Up the road in Austin,for example,the city is building a downtown library to open in 2016 at a cost of$120 million.Even a smaller traditional public library that recently opened in nearby suburban Kyle cost that city about$1 million more than BiblioTech. On her first visit, 19-year-old Abigail Reyes was only looking for a quiet space to study for an algebra exam. But she got a quick tutorial from a librarian on how to search for digital books and check out tablets before plopping down on a row of sleek couches. "I kind of miss the books,"Reyes said."I don't like being on the tablets and stuff like that. It hurts my eyes." Across the room,Rosemary Caballeo tried shopping for health insurance on a set of computers reserved for enrollment in the Affordable Care Act.Her restless 2-year-old ran around and pawed at a row of keyboards.The little girl shrieked loudly,shattering the main room's quiet.She was soon whisked outside by her father. After all,ifs still a library. Copyright 2014 The Associated Press.All rights reserved. This material may not be published,broadcast,rewritten or redistributed. un,que-mgmrcom I3-G X Unique Management sersic UNIQUEMu ices,Services,Inc.Irtr. 6 r a r s U 1 e i -r i .. n h et About Us Services Testimonials Resources Contact Us Materiel Recovery Unique Management Services,.nc.(UMS,,Library Division,is first and foremost a Material Recovery Agency.We apply the Gentle Nudge*process to effectively and courteously prompt patrons to return long-overdue materials to the library and resolve outstanding fines/fees.We understand that long-overdue items quickly add up to tremendous costs for libraries.Therefore,our recovery methods are tailored for accounts owing balances of 525 or more. ,� The Gentle Nudge*process is a 12D-day series of letters.calls,skip tracing,and credit reporting designed exclusively for libraries.Our careful use of third party leverage,coupled with an awareness of patron sensitmty,provides excellent results with no loss of patron goodwill. Unlike traditional collection agencies,our Gentle Nudge•material recovery system is also designed to track and report material returned,as well as cash received.UMS clients may essentially manage and audit the entire material recovery process if they so choose.Service for all clients includes complimentary monthly reports,custom reports upon request,staff training,real-time access to patron accounts via the nfoUnk website.and professional customer and technical support. Moreover,when bbranes meet certain specifications,we guarantee that we can help the library recover monies sufficient to pay the cost of our service.in other words,our service can be budget-neutral.To qualify for this guarantee,a library must meet certain minimum requirements that are often already in place.Please contact us for additional details. it S Unique Management Services Inc Pos Int P I y y"6 „ ■ ■ O is is wir Unique Management Services, Inc., specializes in recovering library materials. CCPL did use this company about 25 years ago to recover materials not returned by the public. Library has considering implenting the service again. Cost to the Library is about$8.95 per borrower referred. Service would require purchase of automation software module for about$20,000, which would enable the Library to send patron accounts automatically to this collection agent. Collier County Public Library Page 1 of 2 Able Simian ounty Collier County Public Library Minn u serving Collier County in southwest Florida with ten library locations .;ii.ifin Electronic resources Features. Programs Policies Services. Contact us. in 6 ( tbuy; ,% HOME NEWS!! Take our quick online survey of your ebook/audiobook use!Available thru February. �� Catalog&My Account - , s, Locations,hours V p.-- Collier Government `- 1 '' '* /` \, •Friends of the Library V .......... New Arrivals —---• • LEAP:Student tech Net safety:9.all Tell us about your Winter programs 2015 tutors tree-1 to 1 ry' audlobookiebook usel tutoring Free wifi at every location Library. Need a library card?Click here to learn how to get one! i ,aauuaa Have a card already?It may expire soon!Visit your online library account to check your card ---------- expiration date.(Renew expired cards in person at any library location.) Get all of the library's electronic resources? `e C:1CJneGickriil I zinio" y( ii i) BS('(_ ) Over Drwe downloadaD!e and o r7��'�Y�\��i/ ` languages tutor.Com H 0 S Find downloadable Find downloadable Find magazines for any Learn languages Find study resources; Find magazine& ebooks&audiobooks audiobooks e-reading device ournal articles online,at your pace! live chat with tutors 1 Resources for readers LIBRARY PROGRAMS-Winter 2015 15, Adult programs:Jan.-Feb.2015 NoveList P1uSTM:authors,titles,series,genres f i $ online registration Books&AuthorsT"":authors,titles,genres ,,. ii/ Bestsellers+lists,readers sites,awards. -L programs sponsored in part by the Friends of.,A NewArrivals:CCPL's monthly list of new titles. 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