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Agenda 12/09/2025 Item #17C (Resolution - Providing for the establishment of a Conditional Use for earthmining with excavation, blasting, and processing of material)12/9/2025Item # 17.CID# 2025-4281Executive SummaryThis item requires Commission members to provide ex-parte disclosure. Should a hearing be held on this item, all participants are required to be sworn in. Recommendation to approve a Resolution of the Board of Zoning Appeals of Collier County, Florida, providing for the establishment of a Conditional Use for earthmining with excavation, blasting, and processing of material, pursuant to Sections 2.03.01.a.1.c.1 and 4.08.05 of the Collier County Land Development Code, on property zoned Rural Agricultural District (A) with a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO), partly within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay Zoning District (RLSAO), on 3,937.88± acres located between State Road 29 to the east, Camp Keais Road and Immokalee Road to the west and Stockade Road to the northwest, in Sections 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24 and 27, Township 47 south, Range 29 east, Collier County, Florida. [PL20220001634] (This item is a companion to Items 16A23, 16B8, and 17D) OBJECTIVE: To have the Board of Zoning Appeals review staff's findings and recommendations along with the recommendations of the Collier County Planning Commission (CCPC) regarding the above-referenced petition, render a decision regarding this rezoning petition, and ensure the project is in harmony with all the applicable codes and regulations in order to ensure that the community's interests are maintained. CONSIDERATIONS: The subject property is located between State Road 29 to the east, Camp Keais Road and Immokalee Road to the west, and Stockade Road to the northwest, in Sections 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, and 27, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County, Florida. The subject property consists of 3,937.88± acres. The purpose of this Conditional Use (CU) application is to permit a commercial excavation mine within the Rural Agricultural Zoning District, Mobile Home Overlay, and Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay, known as the Silver Strand Mine. The conditional use has two companion petitions. The variance petition (VA-PL2023001067) seeks variances from the LDC landscaping and site design requirements, and the excavation permit (EX-PL20230018067) seeks a new excavation pit for mining and material sales. COLLIER COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION (CCPC) RECOMMENDATION: The CCPC heard Petition CU-PL20220001634, Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use on October 2, 2025, and voted 4-0 to forward this petition to the Board with a recommendation of approval. One public attendee supported the petition, and no objections have been received. An additional condition of approval requested by staff is that, when the property is developed for non-mining purposes, all required buffers will be installed along all property boundaries. This change was accepted by staff, and this revision was added to the Resolution. As such, this petition will be placed on the Summary Agenda. This item advances the Collier County Strategic Plan Objective within Infrastructure and Asset Management by optimizing the useful life of all public infrastructure and resources through proper planning and preventative maintenance FISCAL IMPACT: The County collects impact fees prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy to help offset the impacts of each new development on public facilities. These impact fees are used to fund projects identified in the Capital Improvement Element of the Growth Management Plan (GMP) as needed to maintain the adopted Level of Service (LOS) for public facilities. Other fees collected prior to the issuance of a building permit include building permit review fees. Please note that impact fees and taxes collected were not included in the criteria used by staff and the Planning Commission to analyze this petition. GROWTH MANAGEMENT IMPACT: The subject property is designated Agricultural/Rural and within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (RLSAO) as shown on the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) and in the Future Land Use Element (FLUE) of the Growth Management Plan (GMP). On the Stewardship Overlay Map, part of the FLUM series, the site is designated “Open.” Currently, the proposed mine is located in mostly citrus groves, zoned A (Rural Agricultural Zoning District), within a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO) and a Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (RLSAO), as well as the Low residential District of the Immokalee Master Plan. The “A” zoning district allows a conditional use for an extraction or earth mining use (CU #1), as listed in the Land Development Code (LDC) Chapter 2.03.01 A.1.c.1. The FLUE states, in relevant part: “The Agricultural/Rural Land Use Designation is for those areas that are remote from Page 7597 of 9661 12/9/2025Item # 17.CID# 2025-4281the existing development pattern, lack public facilities and services, are environmentally sensitive, or are in agricultural production. Urbanization is not promoted; therefore, most allowable land uses are of low intensity in an effort to maintain and promote the rural character of these lands.” The proposed earthmining, oil extraction, and related processing are listed as allowable uses in this designation in the FLUE. Based on the above analysis, staff finds the subject petition consistent with the Future Land Use Element of the Growth Management Plan. (See Attachment B)Transportation Element: In evaluating this project, staff reviewed the applicant’s March 4, 2024, Traffic Impact Statement for consistency with Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the Growth Management Plan (GMP) using the 2024 Annual Update and Inventory Reports (AUIR). Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the GMP states; “The County Commission shall review all rezone petitions, SRA designation applications, conditional use petitions, and proposed amendments to the Future Land Use Element (FLUE) affecting the overall countywide density or intensity of permissible development, with consideration of their impact on the overall County transportation system, and shall not approve any petition or application that would directly access a deficient roadway segment as identified in the current AUIR or if it impacts an adjacent roadway segment that is deficient as identified in the current AUIR, or which significantly impacts a roadway segment or adjacent roadway segment that is currently operating and/or is projected to operate below an adopted Level of Service Standard within the five year AUIR planning period, unless specific mitigating stipulations are also approved. A petition or application has significant impacts if the traffic impact statement reveals that any of the following occur: a. For links (roadway segments) directly accessed by the project where project traffic is equal to or exceeds 2% of the adopted LOS standard service volume; b. For links adjacent to links directly accessed by the project where project traffic is equal to or exceeds 2% of the adopted LOS standard service volume; and c. For all other links the project traffic is considered to be significant up to the point where it is equal to or exceeds 3% of the adopted LOS standard service volume. Mitigating stipulations shall be based upon a mitigation plan prepared by the applicant and submitted as part of the traffic impact statement that addresses the project’s significant impacts on all roadways.” Staff finding: According to the TIS provided with this petition, the proposed Silver Strand Three Mine Operation will generate a projected total of +/- 162 PM peak hour trips on the adjacent roadway, Immokalee Road, and Camp Kaise. The trips generated will occur on the following adjacent roadway network links: Roadway/Link Link Current Peak Hour Peak Direction Volume/Peak Direction Projected P.M. Peak Hour/Peak Direction Project Traffic (1) 2024 Level of Service (LOS) 2024 Remaining Capacity Immokalee Road/46.0 State Road 29 to Oil Well Rd 900/EB 32 D 67 Immokalee Road/45.0 Oil Well Rd to Wilson Blvd. 3,300/EB 32/EB F (82)2 Camp Kaise Road/61.0 Immokalee Rd to Oil Well Rd 1,000/SB 49/SB C 369 Oil Well Road/122.0 Ave Maria Blvd to SR 29 800/EB 16/EB B 494 1. Source for P.M. Peak Hour/Peak Direction Project Traffic is March 4, 2024; Traffic Impact Statement provided by the petitioner. 2. Existing Deficiency with the Trip Bank is not due to this development. See State Statute 163.3180 provisions Page 7598 of 9661 12/9/2025Item # 17.CID# 2025-4281below:Must allow an applicant to enter into a binding agreement to pay or construct their proportionate fair share.Facilities determined to be deficient with existing, committed, and vested trips plus projected background traffic from any source other than the development shall be removed from the proportionate share calculation.The improvement necessary to correct this type of deficiency is the funding responsibility of the maintaining entity.Applicant must receive a credit for the anticipated road impact fees.The applicant calculated their proportionate share, and it does not exceed the impact fees anticipated to be collected. Based on the TIS provided by the applicant, the 2024 AUIR, the subject Conditional Use can be found consistent with Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the Growth Management Plan. Transportation Planning staff finds this petition consistent with the GMP. As noted above, Transportation Planning staff finds this petition consistent with the GMP. Operational impacts will be addressed at time of first development order (SDP or Plat), at which time a new TIS will be required to demonstrate turning movements for all site access points. Finally, the project’s development must comply with all other applicable concurrency management regulations when development approvals, including, but not limited to, any plats and/or site development plans, are sought. There is a companion Developer Agreement to be considered by the Board of County Commissioners for this Conditional Use request. Conservation and Coastal Management Element (CCME): Environmental review staff have found this project to be consistent with the Conservation & Coastal Management Element (CCME). The project site is 3,937.88 acres, primarily citrus groves and row crops. The property does not contain existing native vegetation; therefore, preservation is not required. LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS: Before you is a recommendation by the Planning Commission for approval of a conditional use authorizing earthmining, with excavation, blasting, and processing of material in the Rural Agricultural Zoning District with a Mobile Home Overlay and partly within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay. A conditional use is a use that is permitted in a particular zoning district subject to certain restrictions. All testimony given must be under oath. The attached report and recommendations of the Planning Commission are advisory only and are not binding on you. Petitioner has the burden of demonstrating that the necessary requirements have been met, and you may question Petitioner or staff to satisfy yourself that the necessary criteria have been satisfied. In addition to meeting the necessary criteria, you may place such conditions and safeguards as you deem appropriate to allow the use, provided that there is competent, substantial evidence that these additional conditions and safeguards are necessary to promote the public health, safety, welfare, morals, order, comfort, convenience, appearance, or the general welfare of the neighborhood. As a further condition of approval of the conditional use, you may require that suitable areas for streets, public rights-of-way, schools, parks, and other public facilities be set aside, improved, and/or dedicated for public use, subject to appropriate impact fee credits. Approval or denial of the Petition is by Resolution. Should this item be denied, Florida Statutes section 125.022(3) requires the County to provide written notice to the applicant citing applicable portions of an ordinance, rule, statute, or other legal authority for the denial. This item has been approved as to form and legality, and requires an affirmative vote of four for Board approval. –HFAC RECOMMENDATION(S): Staff concurs with the recommendation of the CCPC and further recommends that the Board of Zoning Appeals approve the request for Petition CU-PL20220001634, Silver Stand Mine Conditional Use, and approve the proposed Resolution. PREPARED BY: Timothy Finn, AICP, Planner III, Zoning Division Page 7599 of 9661 12/9/2025Item # 17.CID# 2025-4281ATTACHMENTS: 1. Staff Report - Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use PL202200016342. Attachment A - Proposed Resolution revised 11-6-253. Attachment B - FLUE Consistency Memo4. Attachment C - Application-Backup Materials5. Attachment D - Hearing Advertising Signs6. legal ad - agenda IDs 25-4281 & 25-4282 - Silver Strand Mine CU & VA - 12-9-25 BCC Page 7600 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 1 of 11 STAFF REPORT TO: COLLIER COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION FROM: ZONING DIVISION – ZONING SERVICES SECTION GROWTH MANAGEMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT HEARING DATE: OCTOBER 2, 2025 SUBJECT: CU-PL20220001634 - SILVER STRAND MINE COMPANION ITEMS: VA-PL20230001067- SILVER STRAND MINE & EX- PL20230018067- SILVER STRAND MINE ___________________________________________________________________________ PROPERTY OWNER/AGENTS: Owner: Silver Strand III LLC 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, FL 34104 Agents: Jessica Harrelson, AICP Richard D. Yovanovich, Esq. Peninsula Engineering Coleman, Yovanovich & 2640 Golden Gate Parkway, Suite 201 Koester, P.A. Naples, FL 34105 4001 Tamiami Trail North, Suite 300 Naples, FL 34103 REQUESTED ACTION: To have the Collier County Planning Commission (CCPC) consider a resolution of the Board of Zoning Appeals of Collier County, Florida for the establishment of a Conditional Use for earthmining with excavation, blasting, and processing of material, pursuant to Sections 2.03.01.A.1.c.1 and 4.08.05 of the Collier County Land Development Code, on property zoned Rural Agricultural District (A) with a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO), partly within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay Zoning District (RLSAO), on 3,937.88± acres. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION: The subject property is located between State Road 29 to the east, Camp Keais Road and Immokalee Road to the west, and Stockade Road to the northwest, in Sections 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, and 27, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County, Florida. (See location map on the following page) Page 7601 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 2 of 11 PURPOSE/DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The subject property consists of 3,937.88± acres. The purpose of this Conditional Use (CU) application is to permit a commercial excavation mine within the Rural Agricultural Zoning District, Mobile Home Overlay, and Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay, known as the Silver Strand Mine. The conditional use has two companion petitions. The variance petition (VA-PL2023001067) seeks variances from the LDC landscaping and site design requirements, and the excavation permit (EX-PL20230018067) seeks a new excavation pit for mining and material sales. Page 7602 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 3 of 11 SURROUNDING LAND USE AND ZONING: This section of the staff report identifies the land uses and zoning classifications for properties surrounding the boundaries of the subject property, which is developed with agriculture and zoned Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO) and Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO): North: Developed with Collier County Solid Waste facility with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO), then to the east is residential with a park on Seminole Tribe of Florida lands, with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO), and to the east is vacant land with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO), and then to the east is Garden Walk Village PUD (approved for multi-family at 12 DU/AC) that is currently vacant land East: Single-family residential with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO) and undeveloped land with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO) directly abuts portions of the property along the east. State Road 29 separates the remainder of the property from the Kaicasa PUD (approved from single-family and multi-family residential dwelling units at 4 DU/AC for Habitat for Humanity), and undeveloped lands with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO). Kaicasa PUD (approved for single and multi-family dwellings at 4 DU/AC for Habitat for Humanity), then to the south is single family residential with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A- MHO), then to the south is vacant land with sparsely developed agricultural lands with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A- MHO-RLSAO) South: Developed agricultural, with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay- Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO) West: Immokalee Road and to the south Camp Keais Road (two lane arterials), then developed agricultural, with a current zoning designation of Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO) and Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO) Intentionally blank Page 7603 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 4 of 11 Aerial (Peninsula Engineering) GROWTH MANAGEMENT PLAN (GMP) CONSISTENCY: Comprehensive Planning staff have reviewed this request and offered the following comments: Future Land Use Element (FLUE): The subject property is designated Agricultural/Rural and within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (RLSAO) as shown on the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) and in the Future Land Use Element (FLUE) of the Growth Management Plan (GMP). On the Stewardship Overlay Map, part of the FLUM series, the site is designated “Open.” Currently, the proposed mine is situated primarily within citrus groves, zoned A, Rural Agricultural Zoning District, and is located within a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO) and a Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (RLSAO), as well as the Low Residential District of the Immokalee Master Plan. The “A” zoning district allows a conditional use for an extraction or earth mining use (CU #1), as listed in the Land Development Code (LDC) Chapter 2.03.01 A.1.c.1. The FLUE states, in relevant part: “The Agricultural/Rural Land Use Designation is for those areas that are remote from the existing development pattern, lack public facilities and services, are environmentally sensitive, or are in agricultural production. Urbanization is not promoted; therefore, most allowable land uses are of low intensity in an effort to maintain and promote the rural character of these lands.” The proposed earth mining, oil extraction, and related processing are listed as allowable uses in this designation in the FLUE. Based on the above analysis, staff finds the subject petition consistent with the Future Land Use Element of the Growth Management Plan. (See Attachment B) Page 7604 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 5 of 11 Transportation Element: In evaluating this project, staff reviewed the applicant’s March 4, 2024, Traffic Impact Statement for consistency with Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the Growth Management Plan (GMP) using the 2024 Annual Update and Inventory Reports (AUIR). Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the GMP states; “The County Commission shall review all rezone petitions, SRA designation applications, conditional use petitions, and proposed amendments to the Future Land Use Element (FLUE) affecting the overall countywide density or intensity of permissible development, with consideration of their impact on the overall County transportation system, and shall not approve any petition or application that would directly access a deficient roadway segment as identified in the current AUIR or if it impacts an adjacent roadway segment that is deficient as identified in the current AUIR, or which significantly impacts a roadway segment or adjacent roadway segment that is currently operating and/or is projected to operate below an adopted Level of Service Standard within the five year AUIR planning period, unless specific mitigating stipulations are also approved. A petition or application has significant impact if the traffic impact statement reveals that any of the following occur: a. For links (roadway segments) directly accessed by the project where project traffic is equal to or exceeds 2% of the adopted LOS standard service volume; b. For links adjacent to links directly accessed by the project where project traffic is equal to or exceeds 2% of the adopted LOS standard service volume; and c. For all other links, the project traffic is considered to be significant up to the point where it is equal to or exceeds 3% of the adopted LOS standard service volume. Mitigating stipulations shall be based upon a mitigation plan prepared by the applicant and submitted as part of the traffic impact statement that addresses the project’s significant impacts on all roadways.” Staff finding: According to the TIS provided with this petition, the proposed Silver Strand Three Mine Operation will generate a projected total of +/- 162 PM peak hour trips on the adjacent roadway, Immokalee Road, and Camp Kaise. The trips generated will occur on the following adjacent roadway network links: Roadway/Link Link Current Peak Hour Peak Direction Volume/Peak Direction Projected P.M. Peak Hour/Peak Direction Project Traffic (1) 2024 Level of Service (LOS) 2024 Remaining Capacity Immokalee Road/46.0 State Road 29 to Oil Well Rd 900/EB 32 D 67 Immokalee Road/45.0 Oil Well Rd to Wilson Blvd. 3,300/EB 32/EB F (82)2 Camp Kaise Road/61.0 Immokalee Rd to Oil Well Rd 1,000/SB 49/SB C 369 Oil Well Road/122.0 Ave Maria Blvd to SR 29 800/EB 16/EB B 494 1. Source for P.M. Peak Hour/Peak Direction Project Traffic is March 4, 2024; Traffic Impact Statement provided by the petitioner. 2. Existing Deficiency with Trip Bank and is not due to this development. See State Statute 163.3180 provision below. Page 7605 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 6 of 11 Bullet points for applicable Florida Statute 163.3180 Must allow an applicant to enter into a binding agreement to pay or construct their proportionate fair share. Facilities determined to be deficient with existing, committed, and vested trips plus projected background traffic from any source other than the development shall be removed from the proportionate share calculation. The improvement necessary to correct this type of deficiency is the funding responsibility of the maintaining entity. Applicant must receive a credit for the anticipated road impact fees. The applicant calculated their proportionate share, and it does not exceed the impact fees anticipated to be collected. Based on the TIS provided by the applicant, the 2024 AUIR, the subject Conditional Use can be found consistent with Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the Growth Management Plan. Transportation Planning staff finds this petition consistent with the GMP. As noted above, Transportation Planning staff finds this petition consistent with the GMP. Operational impacts will be addressed at time of first development order (SDP or Plat), at which time a new TIS will be required to demonstrate turning movements for all site access points. Finally, the project’s development must comply with all other applicable concurrency management regulations when development approvals are sought, including but not limited to any plats and/or site development plans. There is a companion Developer Agreement to be considered by the Board of County Commissioners for this Conditional Use request. Transportation Review: Transportation Planning staff has reviewed the petition for compliance with the GMP and the LDC and recommends approval. Stormwater Review: The proposed conditional use expansion request is not anticipated to create drainage problems or adverse impacts to surrounding properties in the area. Stormwater best management practices, treatment, and storage will be addressed through the environmental resource permitting process with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (F.D.E.P.). Additionally, the same Best Management Practices, Erosion Control Measures, and Pollution Prevention Plan associated with the current permitted operation will continue to be used for the proposed expansion. The proposed mining will be subject to Chapter 62-330, Environmental Resource Permitting, and the mandatory reclamation requirements of the F.D.E.P., as outlined in Chapter 62C-39, Florida Administrative Code. In addition, the mining excavation will require an excavation permit from Collier County, consistent with Collier County Excavation Ordinance Section 22-111. Landscape Review: The applicant indicates that the only planned structure is a 1-story scale house. Other mining equipment, such as cranes, excavators, conveyors, and wet plants, that are relocated or reconfigured as needed for mining operations, which changes visibility of these structures over time. Additionally, the proposed mine has been strategically located toward the center of the property, to reduce views from surrounding neighbors and roadways. In the narrative statement, the applicant indicates that justification for no buffer along SR29 is based on a letter of support from Habitat for Humanity representing the residential development on the other side of SR29. Additionally, the study plans for the widening of SR29 obtained and submitted by the applicant indicate the proposed pavement for the widening of the road will likely impact the applicant’s property. While neither of these reasons are typically justification to not include a buffer along a roadway, due to the distance from the roadway and reduced visibility of the mining activities, staff recommends approval of the variance, with the following condition: Page 7606 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 7 of 11 Staff recommend the following text be added to variance #1: 1. When the property is developed for non-mining purposes, all required buffers will be installed along all property boundaries. Utility Review: The project will be served by private well and septic systems, as connections to Collier County Water-Sewer District (CCWSD) services are not required. A portion of the project lies within the regional potable water service area and the north wastewater service area of the CCWSD. Water and wastewater services are available via existing infrastructure along Oil Well Road. Sufficient water and wastewater treatment capacities are available. Any improvements to the CCWSD’s water or wastewater systems necessary to provide sufficient capacity to serve the project will be the responsibility of the owner/developer and will be conveyed to the CCWSD at no cost to the County at the time of utilities acceptance. Environmental Review: Environmental Services staff have reviewed the conditional use petition to address environmental concerns. There are 2.01 acres of wetlands. However, the wetlands are degraded and dominated by invasive exotic vegetation (FLUCCS 618). The property has been historically cleared and maintained clear of native vegetation required to be preserved. The Master Plan does not show a preserve, since no minimum preservation is required. The eastern and southern boundary of the subject property is adjacent to an existing Water Retention Area (WRA). However, no impacts to the WRA will occur as an existing access road will be used to access the quarry lake. The environmental data indicate that the proposed project is located in an area with the potential to contain a variety of protected animal species. Three (3) alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) were observed within agricultural ditches at various locations on-site. Consultation with the Florida Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) will be conducted to reduce and minimize any impact on the alligators. Two (2) caracaras (Caracara cheriway) were observed in the north-central portion of the project. No documented nest was found on-site. Consultation with USFWS and FWCC regarding guidelines and permitting requirements may be required prior to construction. The environmental data indicate that the subject property falls within FWS Primary and Secondary Florida Panther (Felis concolor coryi) habitat. There were no observations of panthers onsite, and the telemetry data indicate Florida panthers are not abundant within the boundary of the proposed project. The property does not contain habitats preferred by the Florida panther. Therefore, consultation with FWS to obtain panther mitigation is unlikely. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) wildlife data indicate the presence of Black Bear (Ursus americanus floridanus) in the area. A black bear management plan will need to be included in the PPL or SDP review. Additionally, the property contains potential habitat for the Eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon corais couperi). Consultation with the US Federal Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWCC) regarding guidelines and permitting requirements will be required before construction. Conservation & Coastal Management Element (CCME): Environmental review staff have found this project to be consistent with the Conservation & Coastal Management Element (CCME). The project site spans 3,937.88 acres, primarily consisting of citrus groves and row crops. The property does not contain existing native vegetation; therefore, preservation is not required. Historic Preservation Review: Per county GIS historical maps, the land within the proposed Conditional Use and Variance contains areas of historical/archaeological probability areas. As such, the applicant submitted a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the Silver Strand Mine that encompassed both the CU and VA petitions. This cultural resource assessment was heard before the Historical/Archaeological Preservation Board (HAPB) at its May 19, 2023, meeting and was approved by a vote of 6-0. HAPB accepted the report and all findings; no conditions were added to this approval. (See Attachment C – Application/Backup Materials) Page 7607 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 8 of 11 STAFF ANALYSIS: When considering a Conditional Use petition, the CCPC must make findings that: 1) approval of the Conditional Use will not adversely affect the public interest and will not adversely affect other property of uses in the same district of neighborhood; and 2) all specific requirements for the individual Conditional Use will be met; and 3) satisfactory provisions have been made concerning the following matters, where applicable: 1. Section 2.03.01.A.1.c.1, of the LDC permits conditional uses in the Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO) and Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO): The requested use for an earthmining facility is allowed as a conditional use in the Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO) and Rural Agricultural-Mobile Home Overlay-Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO), subject to the standards and procedures established in section 10.08.00, conditional uses procedures, of the LDC. 2. Consistency with the Land Development Code (LDC) and the Growth Management Plan (GMP). This request is consistent with the GMP, and with the conditions proposed by staff, this project will be in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Land Development Code (LDC). 3. Ingress and egress to the property and proposed structures thereon, with particular reference to automotive and pedestrian safety and convenience, traffic flow and control, and access in case of fire or catastrophe. Ingress and egress to the subject property will be limited to a single access point on Camp Keais Road and a potential future interconnect to SR 29, as shown on the master site plan. Based on the TIS provided by the applicant, the 2024 AUIR, the subject Conditional Use can be found consistent with Policy 5.1 of the Transportation Element of the Growth Management Plan. Transportation Planning staff finds this petition consistent with the GMP. As noted above, Transportation Planning staff finds this petition consistent with the GMP. Operational impacts will be addressed at time of first development order (SDP or Plat), at which time a new TIS will be required to demonstrate turning movements for all site access points. Finally, the project’s development must comply with all other applicable concurrency management regulations when development approvals are sought, including but not limited to any plats and/or site development plans. 4. The effect the Conditional Use would have on neighboring properties in relation to noise, glare, economic, or odor effects. The excavation operation will have no negative effects on neighboring properties, including noise, glare, economic impact, or odor. Mining activities have been designed to provide significant setbacks from all property boundaries. The property is adjacent to undeveloped land and/or lands used for agricultural purposes along most boundaries. Setbacks and vegetation will sufficiently screen the proposed development from neighboring properties, thereby mitigating potential impacts. 5. Compatibility with adjacent properties and other properties in the district. If the proposed Conditions of Approval are adopted, the proposed earthmining facility can be found compatible with adjacent properties and other properties in the immediate area. Page 7608 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 9 of 11 Based on the above findings, this conditional use, with the stipulations outlined in this staff report, should be recommended for approval. ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORY COUNCIL (EAC) REVIEW: This project requires an Environmental Advisory Council (EAC) review, as it falls within the scope of land development project reviews identified in Section 2-1193 of the Collier County Codes of Laws and Ordinances. Specifically, Section 2-1193(m)(4) states that a conditional use of a commercial mine requires EAC approval. The Environmental Planning staff recommends approval of the proposed petition. NEIGHBORHOOD INFORMATION MEETING (NIM): The applicant conducted a duly noticed and advertised NIM on October 30, 2024, at the Ave Maria Master Association Office, located at 5080 Annunciation Circle, Unit #101, Ave Maria, FL 34142. Three members of the public attended in person, and two people attended via Zoom. The applicant’s agent explained the request for the conditional and companion variance. Jessica Harrelson, the agent, conducted the meeting, introducing the consultant team and staff, and providing an overview of the proposed earthmining application. Ms. Harrelson provided a PowerPoint presentation that reviewed and explained the total site area, location, surrounding land uses, zoning, conceptual site plans, development standards, conditions of approval, variance justifications, and variance developer commitments. The meeting was opened up to attendees. One question was asked regarding the status of the petition with the County in terms of permitting. Ms. Harrelson responded that both the conditional use and variance were found sufficient by staff and will be scheduled for hearings early next year. She further noted that the participant would be notified of the hearing dates, and signs would be posted on the property. No commitments were made. A copy of the NIM summary, PowerPoint presentation, NIM notices, and sign-in sheet are included in the Backup Materials in Attachment C. COUNTY ATTORNEY'S OFFICE REVIEW: The County Attorney’s Office reviewed the staff report on September 11, 2025. RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommend that the Collier County Planning Commission (CCPC) approve Petition CU-PL20220001634, subject to the following conditions, including staff’s Landscape Condition: 1. The Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use shall be limited to what is depicted on the Conceptual Site Plan, dated August 2025, and prepared by Peninsula Engineering. 2. Minor changes in the location and siting of buildings, structures, and improvements authorized by this conditional use may be approved administratively at the time of application for SDP/SDPA or subdivision plat. 3. Prior to any vehicular use of the site, the owner shall post two (2) signs along the entry drive, clearly visible to vehicles entering and leaving the site, providing information regarding potential panther presence and notifying drivers of the need to use caution. Sign wording, placement, and size will be subject to review and approval by Collier County Environmental Staff. The owner shall submit and receive approval of the proposed signage plan in conjunction with the first of either the Site Development Page 7609 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 10 of 11 Plan process or other local development orders as may be required, which may allow vehicular use of the site. 4. Evidence of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) accepted mitigation for impacts to panthers, woodstorks, Florida black bear, and other listed species will be required prior to the pre-construction meeting with Staff. 5. A littoral shelf planting area to commence during the reclamation phase of the project shall be shown on the excavation permit for this conditional use and shall meet the current standards of the Land Development Code at the time of submittal of the Commercial Excavation Permit. 6. The owner/petitioner shall obtain a South Florida Water Management District Agricultural Surface Water Management Permit or permit modification for this site, if applicable. 7. The maximum total daily trip generation for the CU shall not exceed 162 two-way PM peak hour net trips based on the use codes in the ITE Manual on trip generation rates in effect at the time of application for SDP/SDPA or excavation permit approval, whichever occurs first. The maximum number of one-way trucks per day (maximum one-way loads per day) is 430. 8. Pursuant to Section 125.022(5) F.S., issuance of a development permit by a County does not in any way create any rights on the part of the applicant to obtain a permit from a state or federal agency and does not create any liability on the part of the County for issuance of the permit if the applicant fails to obtain requisite approvals for fulfill the obligations imposed by a state or federal agency or undertakes actions that result in a violation of state or federal law. 9. Mining operations are permitted between 6:30 am and 5:00 pm Monday through Friday, and between 7:00 am and 3:00 pm on Saturday. 10. The Owner/Petitioner shall be responsible for all maintenance of the internal haul roadways and the connection to Camp Keais Road for the duration of the mining operation. The area surrounding and between the tire-wash system and the Camp Keais Road access shall be paved consistent with the weigh stations shown on the master plan and/or be a minimum of 22 feet in width and a depth of 1.5 inches of asphalt or asphalt millings with minimum LDC required base. A Dust Control Plan for Silver Strand Mine shall be submitted with the Excavation Permit. The tire wash system shall be installed to wash dust from the wheels and underbody of all haul trucks exiting the facility. This system will direct water under pressure at the wheels and the underside of each vehicle as it passes through. There is no paving required on-site past the tire-wash system, except that required handicapped spaces shall be ADA-compliant. This condition shall also apply to any potential future access on SR 29. 11. Haul trucks will not be permitted to park or stage along public rights-of-way. Applicant may allow haul trucks to stage or park on the project’s internal roadway prior to 6:30 a.m. 12. Upon completion of excavation activities, all buildings, equipment, and berms shall be removed within six months, or used in the reclamation process or for agricultural purposes. 13. The BZA may revoke the approval of this Conditional Use if the Collier County Code Enforcement Board finds that the mine operator has violated or has not fully complied with all conditions of approval including completion of improvements indicated on the Conditional Use Master Plan and the mine operator has failed to remedy the violation or come into compliance within the time period established by the Code Enforcement Board. Page 7610 of 9661 CU-PL20220001634, SILVER STRAND MINE Revised Date: September 17, 2025 Page 11 of 11 14. The mining operations shall be conducted in compliance with the laws of the State of Florida, Collier County Government, and the Federal Government. 15. The lifespan of the mine is 20 years from the date of Conditional Use approval by the Board of County Commissioners. 16. Adequate utility, access roads, drainage, and other necessary facilities shall continue to be maintained. 17. Each year, the owner shall provide a report to the Collier County Transportation Management Services Department, which will include the condition of the roadways adjacent to the property entrance(s), accident reports, and average daily and peak hour vehicle trips entering and exiting the earth mine. 18. An approved indigo snake plan is required to be implemented prior to the beginning of any construction, including site clearing. The name and contact information of a qualified biologist who will monitor work shall be supplied to Environmental Services Department staff at the pre-construction meeting or prior to excavation permit approval, whichever is first. 19. An updated listed species survey, less than 6 months old, is required for areas to be excavated prior to the pre-construction meeting with Staff. As required by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Technical Assistance, follow-up pedestrian surveys of each new mining block will be conducted between 60 and 180 days prior to the commencement of any mining-related activity through the life of the project. The applicant shall submit a copy of these surveys to the Director of the Development Review Division. 20. The Owner will install a LDC required buffer within 180 days along any property boundary where an SRA, PUD, rezone, or other residential development has been approved on an adjacent property, unless development on the adjacent property includes the construction of a perimeter berm that is a minimum of 7’ in height, as measured from Finished Floor Elevation of the adjacent site. 21. The Owner will install 200 LF of a 20’ Type ‘C’ buffer adjacent to the abutting residential parcel along the eastern property boundary. This buffer will wrap the corner of the subject property line, providing 100 LF on each side. Refer to the conceptual site plan prepared by Peninsula Engineering. 22. The maximum allowable depth of the excavation shall be 58’. Landscaping staff is also requesting additional conditions of approval, see the Landscaping section of the report: 1. When the property is developed for non-mining purposes, all required buffers will be installed along all property boundaries. Attachments: A) Proposed Resolution B) FLUE Consistency Memo C) Application/Backup Materials Page 7611 of 9661 [23-CPS-02335/1965918/1]136 Silver Strand Mine / PL20220001634 9/2/25 1 of 2 RESOLUTION NO. 2025 - _____ A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA, PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A CONDITIONAL USE FOR EARTHMINING WITH EXCAVATION, BLASTING, AND PROCESSING OF MATERIAL, PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 2.03.01.A.1.c.1 AND 4.08.05 OF THE COLLIER COUNTY LAND DEVELOPMENT CODE, ON PROPERTY ZONED RURAL AGRICULTURAL DISTRICT (A) WITH A MOBILE HOME OVERLAY (MHO), PARTLY WITHIN THE RURAL LANDS STEWARDSHIP AREA OVERLAY ZONING DISTRICT (RLSAO), ON 3,937.88± ACRES LOCATED BETWEEN STATE ROAD 29 TO THE EAST, CAMP KEAIS ROAD AND IMMOKALEE ROAD TO THE WEST AND STOCKADE ROAD TO THE NORTHWEST, IN SECTIONS 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24 AND 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. (PL20220001634) WHEREAS, the Legislature of the State of Florida in Chapter 67–1246, Laws of Florida, and Chapter 125, Florida Statutes, has conferred on Collier County the power to establish, coordinate and enforce zoning and such business regulations as are necessary for the protection of the public; and WHEREAS, the County pursuant thereto has adopted a Land Development Code (Ordinance No. 2004-41, as amended) which includes a Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance establishing regulations for the zoning of particular geographic divisions of the County, among which is the granting of Conditional Uses; and WHEREAS, the Board of Zoning Appeals (“Board”), being the duly appointed and constituted planning board for the area hereby affected, has held a public hearing after notice as in said regulations made and provided, and has considered the advisability of a Conditional Use to allow earthmining with excavation, blasting, and processing of material within the Rural Agricultural District (A) with a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO), partly within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay Zoning District (RLSAO), pursuant to sections 2.03.01.A.1.c.1 and 4.08.05 of the Collier County Land Development Code on the property hereinafter described, and the Collier County Planning Commission has made findings that the granting of the Conditional Use will not adversely affect the public interest and the specific requirements governing the Conditional Use have been met and that satisfactory provision and arrangement have been made concerning all applicable matters required by said regulations and in accordance with Subsection 10.08.00.D. of the Land Development Code; and WHEREAS, all interested parties have been given opportunity to be heard by this Board in a public meeting assembled and the Board having considered all matters presented. Page 7612 of 9661 [23-CPS-02335/1965918/1]136 Silver Strand Mine / PL20220001634 9/2/25 2 of 2 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA, that: Petition Number CU-PL20220001634 filed by Jessica Harrelson, AICP, of Peninsula Engineering and Richard D. Yovanovich, Esq., of Coleman, Yovanovich & Koester, P.A., representing Silver Strand III, LLC fka Silver Strand III Partnership, with respect to the property hereinafter described in Exhibit “A”, be and the same is hereby approved for a Conditional Use to allow earthmining with excavation, blasting, and processing of material within the Rural Agricultural District (A) with a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO), partly within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay Zoning District (RLSAO), pursuant to sections 2.03.01.A.1.c.1 and 4.08.05 of the Collier County Land Development Code, in accordance with the Conceptual Master Plan described in Exhibit “B” and as set forth in the Conditions of Approval described in Exhibit “C”. Exhibits “A”, “B”, and “C” are attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this Resolution be recorded in the minutes of this Board. This Resolution adopted after motion, second, and super majority vote of the Board of Zoning Appeals of Collier County, Florida, this _____ day of _____________, 2025. ATTEST: CRYSTAL K. KINZEL, CLERK By: __________________________ , Deputy Clerk Approved as to form and legality: _____________________________ Heidi Ashton-Cicko Managing Assistant County Attorney BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA By: __________________________________ BURT L. SAUNDERS, Chairman Attachments: Exhibit “A” – Legal Description Exhibit “B” – Conceptual Master Plan Exhibit “C” – Conditions of Approval Page 7613 of 9661 ________ 11-6-25 Page | 1 LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF PART OF SECTIONS 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, AND 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA PARCEL 1 ALL OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS THE WEST 50' FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1347, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.941, PG.521, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. PARCEL 2 ALL OF SECTION 14, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS ACL RIGHT-OF- WAY, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. PARCEL 3 ALL OF SECTION 13, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LYING SOUTH AND WEST OF ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY AND S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, , LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.17, PG.453, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. PARCEL 4 ALL OF SECTION 24, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS ACL RIGHT-OF- WAY, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. PARCEL 5 ALL OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. PARCEL 6 ALL OF SECTION 22, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS THE WEST 50' FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS CAMP KEAIS ROAD AS DESCRIBED IN O.R.1579, PG.1732 AND O.R.4322, PG.1377, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1347, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1354, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. PARCEL 7 ALL OF SECTION 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS CAMP KEAIS ROAD AS DESCRIBED IN O.R.1579, PG.1732 AND LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1377, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA. ALL SAID LANDS BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS: PARCEL (A) COMMENCING AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID SECTION 15 SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST 1,314.26 TO A POINT HEREINAFTER TO BE KNOWN AS POINT (A); THENCE LEAVING SAID WEST LINE NORTH 89°52'34" EAST 150.00 FEET TO A POINT ON THE SOUTH LINE OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 15 AND BEING THE POINT OF BEGINNING; Page 1 of 10 Page 7614 of 9661 EXHIBIT A Page | 2 THENCE ALONG SAID SOUTH LINE NORTH 89°17'35" EAST 1,202.62 FEET TO SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 15; THENCE ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF A PARCEL OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 941, PAGE 521, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA FOR THE FOLLOWING THREE (3) DESCRIBED COURSES: 1. SOUTH 00°08'45" EAST 1,319.97 FEET; 2. NORTH 89°32'49" EAST 2,030.52 FEET; 3. NORTH 00°06'39" WEST 2,656.84 FEET TO A POINT ON THE NORTH LINE OF SAID SECTION 15; THENCE ALONG SAID NORTH LINE NORTH 89°04'02" EAST 2,035.44 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 14, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST; THENCE ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 14 NORTH 89°38'49" EAST 2,587.12 FEET TO THE NORTH 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 14; THENCE ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 14 NORTH 89°38'42" EAST 2,331.62 FEET TO A POINT ON THE SOUTHWEST RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF STATE ROAD 29 SOUTH; THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE SOUTH 44°58'17" EAST 2,419.10 FEET TO THE NORTH CORNER OF A PARCEL OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 962, PAGE 1289, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF SAID PARCEL OF LAND FOR THE FOLLOWING THREE (3) DESCRIBED COURSES: 1. SOUTH 44°59'18" WEST 730.20 FEET; 2. SOUTH 44°58'03" EAST 680.17 FEET; 3. NORTH 45°00'39" EAST 729.89 FEET TO A POINT ON SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE; THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY SOUTH 44°59'05" EAST 4823.26 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION 24, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE SOUTH 00°31'11" EAST 2,301.77 FEET TO THE EAST 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24; THENCE ALONG THE EAST LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 00°38'38" EAST 2,631.42 FEET TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24; THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 89°44'23" WEST 2,614.52 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24; THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 89°44'08" WEST 2,613.84 FEET TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 23 SOUTH 89°34'23" WEST 2,672.75 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 23; THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 23 SOUTH 89°38'46" WEST 2,671.33 FEET TO THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF SECTION 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 00°04'00" WEST 5,379.12 FEET TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 27; THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 89°06'34" WEST 2,674.38 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 27; THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 89°09'03" WEST 2,587.98 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF AN 80-FOOT-WIDE RIGHT-OF-WAY KNOWN AS CAMP KEAIS ROAD, AS RECORDED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 1579, PAGE 17323, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR THE FOLLOWING TEN (10) DESCRIBED COURSES: 1. NORTH 05°51'03" EAST 91.74 FEET; Page 2 of 10 Page 7615 of 9661 Page | 3 2. 403.88 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 3,787.51 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 06°06'35" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 02°47'45" EAST 403.69 FEET; 3. NORTH 00°15'32" WEST 4,936.51 FEET; 4. NORTH 00°17'42" WEST 60.69 FEET; 5. 533.72 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE EAST HAVING A RADIUS OF 760.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 40°14'11" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 19°49'24" EAST 522.82 FEET; 6. NORTH 39°56'29" EAST 543.45 FEET; 7. 584.69 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 840.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 39°52'53" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 20°00'03" EAST 572.96 FEET; 8. NORTH 00°03'36" EAST 600.00 FEET; 9. 848.23 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHWEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 540.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 89°59'58" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 44°56'23" WEST 763.68 FEET; 10. ALONG A LINE NON-TANGENT TO SAID CURVE, NORTH 89°56'24" WEST, A DISTANCE OF 164.71 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF A 100-FOOT-WIDE STRIP OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 4322, PAGE 1347, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG SAID PARCEL OF LAND FOR THE FOLLOWING TWO (2) DESCRIBED COURSES: 1. NORTH 00°15'34" WEST 2,601.35 FEET; 2. NORTH 00°07'26" WEST 3,944.99 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING. CONTAINING: 3,914.91 ACRES, MORE OR LESS. ALONG WITH PARCEL (B) COMMENCING AT THE AFOREMENTIONED POINT (A); THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED SECTION 15 SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST 3,945.17 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 22, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA; THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID SECTION 22 SOUTH 00°15'34" EAST 2,681.53 FEET; THENCE LEAVING SAID WEST LINE NORTH 89°44'26" EAST 150.00 FEET TO A POINT ON THE AFOREMENTIONED CAMP KEAIS ROAD AND BEING THE POINT OF BEGINNING; THENCE ALONG THE WEST BOUNDARY OF CAMP KEAIS ROAD FOR THE FOLLOWING SIX (6) DESCRIBED COURSES: 1. SOUTH 89°56'24" EAST 164.27 FEET; 2. 722.57 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHWEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 460.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 90°00'00" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 44°56'24" EAST 650.54 FEET; 3. SOUTH 00°03'36" WEST 600.00 FEET; 4. 529.01 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 760.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 39°52'53" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 20°00'03" WEST 518.39 FEET; 5. SOUTH 39°56'29" WEST 543.45 FEET; Page 3 of 10 Page 7616 of 9661 Page | 4 6. 151.51 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHEAST HAVING A RADIUS OF 840.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLE OF 10°20'04" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 34°46'27" WEST 151.31 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED 100-FOOT-WIDE STRIP OF LAND; THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE ALONG A LINE NON-TANGENT TO SAID CURVE, NORTH 00°17'33" WEST, A DISTANCE OF 2,088.76 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING. CONTAINING: 22.97 ACRES, MORE OR LESS. NET AREA: 3937.88 ACRES MORE OR LESS Page 4 of 10 Page 7617 of 9661 C5L14N0°17'33"W 2088.76C7C6L15L10C2L11C3L12C4L13N0°15'34"W 2601.35N0°07'26"W 3944.99N89°17'35"E1202.62L6L7L8L9C1N0°15'32"W 4936.51PARCEL 1(SEC. 15)PARCEL 2(SEC. 14)PARCEL 3(SEC. 13)PARCEL 4(SEC. 24)PARCEL 5(SEC. 23)PARCEL 6PARCEL 6(SEC.22)PARCEL 7(SEC. 27)27 2634 3522 2327 2623 2426 2524 1925 3014 1323 2415 1422 239 1016 1510 1115 1412 713 182128 27SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 3SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 3SHEET 3SHEET 5SHEET 4SHEET 2SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 5SHEET 2SHEET 3P.O.C.NORTHWEST CORNER OFSECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.P.O.B.(PARCEL A)L2W. LINESEC. 15(B.O.B.) L1POINT (A)11 1214 1328 2733 3413 1824 1916 1521 22STOCKADE RD.RANCH ONE RD.CAMP KEAIS RD.IMMOKALEERD.STATE RD. 29 S.P.O.B.(PARCEL B)L5L4L3O.R.962,PG.1289(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)O.R.941PG.521O.R.2493PG.2779O.R.941PG.521O.R.4322PG.1377O.R.1579PG.1732O.R.4322PG.1377O.R.1579PG.1732L16(D) 100'O.R.4322PG.1347S0°08'45"E 1319.97N89°32'49"E 2030.52N0°06'39"W 2656.84N89°04'02"E 2035.44N89°38'49"E 2587.12N89°38'42"E 2331.62S44°58'17"E 2419.10S44°59'05"E 2800.04S44°59'05"E 2023.22S0°31'11"E 2301.77S0°38'38"E 2631.42S89°44'23"W 2614.52S89°44'08"W 2613.84S89°34'23"W 2672.75S89°38'46"W 2671.33S0°04'00"W 5379.12S89°06'34"W 2674.38S89°09'03"W 2587.98OVERALL 4823.26LINE TABLELINE #L1L2L3L4L5L6L7L8LENGTH1314.26150.003945.172681.53150.00730.20680.17729.89BEARINGS0°07'26"EN89°52'34"ES0°07'26"ES0°15'34"EN89°44'26"ES44°59'18"WS44°58'03"EN45°00'39"ECURVE TABLECURVE #C1C2C3C4C5C6C7LENGTH403.88533.72584.69848.23722.57529.01151.51RADIUS3787.51760.00840.00540.00460.00760.00840.00DELTA6°06'35"40°14'11"39°52'53"89°59'58"90°00'00"39°52'53"10°20'04"CHORD BEARINGN2°47'45"EN19°49'24"EN20°00'03"EN44°56'23"WS44°56'24"ES20°00'03"WS34°46'27"WCHORD LENGTH403.69522.82572.96763.68650.54518.39151.31LINE TABLELINE #L9L10L11L12L13L14L15L16LENGTH91.7460.69543.45600.00164.71164.27600.00543.45BEARINGN5°51'03"EN0°17'42"WN39°56'29"EN0°03'36"EN89°56'24"WS89°56'24"ES0°03'36"WS39°56'29"WOFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:08:52 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 1000'N.T.S.P-023/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg1PENINSULA ENGINEERING6GENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.LEGEND:A.E. = ACCESS EASEMENTBM = BENCHMARKC/L = CENTERLINEC.C.R. = LABINS CERTIFIED CORNER RECORD FILE NUMBERC.U.E. = COUNTY UTILITY EASEMENTD.E. = DRAINAGE EASEMENTEL. & ELEV. = ELEVATIONF.P.L. = FLORIDA POWER & LIGHTO.R. = OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOKP.B. = PLAT BOOKPG. = PAGEP.U.E. = PUBLIC UTILITY EASEMENTR.O.W. = RIGHT-OF-WAYP = PLAT, M = MEASURED, C = CALCULATED, D = DEED(S.I.P.)SET 5/8" IRON PIN & CAP STAMPED LB-8479(F.I.P.) FOUND IRON PIN & CAP STAMPED AS SHOWN(F.C.M.) FOUND CONCRETE MONUMENT(F.N.D.) FOUND PK NAIL & DISK STAMPED(PK) = PARKER KYLON NAILMAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24,AND 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEY OF PART OF SECTIONS 13,14, 15, 22, 23, 24, AND 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.PREPARED FOR: PENINSULA ENGINEERINGPENINSULA ENGINEERING2600 GOLDEN GATE PARKWAYNAPLES, FLORIDA 34105PHONE: 239.403.6700 FAX: 239.261.1797EMAIL: INFO@PEN-ENG.COMWEBSITE: WWW.PEN-ENG.COM_____________________________________________LANCE T MILLERPROFESSIONAL SURVEYOR AND MAPPER, #LS5627NOVEMBER 27TH, 2023DATECERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATION #LB- 8479NOT VALID WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE AND THEORIGINAL RAISED SEAL OR DIGITAL SEAL OF AFLORIDA LICENSED SURVEYOR AND MAPPER.NO OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY MAY RELY UPON THISEXHIBIT.THIS EXHIBIT IS ONLY FOR THE LANDS AS DESCRIBED.IT IS NOT A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, ZONING,EASEMENTS OR FREEDOM OF ENCUMBRANCES.SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPLEGAL DESCRIPTIONPARCEL 1ALL OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS THE WEST 50' FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS THOSE LANDSDESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1347, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.941, PG.521, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 2ALL OF SECTION 14, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY, COLLIERCOUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 3ALL OF SECTION 13, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LYING SOUTH AND WEST OF ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY AND S.R.29RIGHT-OF-WAY, , LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.17, PG.453, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 4ALL OF SECTION 24, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY, COLLIERCOUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 5ALL OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 6ALL OF SECTION 22, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS THE WEST 50' FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS CAMP KEAIS ROAD ASDESCRIBED IN O.R.1579, PG.1732 AND O.R.4322, PG.1377, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1347, LESS THOSELANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1354, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 7ALL OF SECTION 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS CAMP KEAIS ROAD AS DESCRIBED IN O.R.1579, PG.1732 ANDLESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1377, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAALL SAID LANDS BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS:PARCEL (A)COMMENCING AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID SECTION 15 SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST 1,314.26 TO A POINT HEREINAFTER TO BE KNOWN AS POINT (A);THENCE LEAVING SAID WEST LINE NORTH 89°52'34" EAST 150.00 FEET TO A POINT ON THE SOUTH LINE OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF THENORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 15 AND BEING THE POINT OF BEGINNING;THENCE ALONG SAID SOUTH LINE NORTH 89°17'35" EAST 1,202.62 FEET TO SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF THENORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 15;THENCE ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF A PARCEL OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 941, PAGE 521, OF THE PUBLICRECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA FOR THE FOLLOWING THREE (3) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. SOUTH 00°08'45" EAST 1,319.97 FEET;2. NORTH 89°32'49" EAST 2,030.52 FEET;3. NORTH 00°06'39" WEST 2,656.84 FEET TO A POINT ON THE NORTH LINE OF SAID SECTION 15;THENCE ALONG SAID NORTH LINE NORTH 89°04'02" EAST 2,035.44 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 14, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH,RANGE 29 EAST;THENCE ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 14 NORTH 89°38'49" EAST 2,587.12 FEET TO THE NORTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 14;THENCE ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 14 NORTH 89°38'42" EAST 2,331.62 FEET TO A POINT ON THESOUTHWEST RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF STATE ROAD 29 SOUTH;THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE SOUTH 44°58'17" EAST 2,419.10 FEET TO THE NORTH CORNER OF A PARCEL OF LAND ASDESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 962, PAGE 1289, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF SAID PARCEL OF LAND FOR THE FOLLOWING THREE (3) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. SOUTH 44°59'18" WEST 730.20 FEET;2. SOUTH 44°58'03" EAST 680.17 FEET;3. NORTH 45°00'39" EAST 729.89 FEET TO A POINT ON SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE;THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY SOUTH 44°59'05" EAST 4823.26 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION24, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE SOUTH 00°31'11" EAST 2,301.77 FEET TO THE EAST 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24;THENCE ALONG THE EAST LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 00°38'38" EAST 2,631.42 FEET TO THE SOUTHEASTCORNER OF SAID SECTION 24;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 89°44'23" WEST 2,614.52 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 89°44'08" WEST 2,613.84 FEET TO THE SOUTHEASTCORNER OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 23 SOUTH 89°34'23" WEST 2,672.75 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 23;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 23 SOUTH 89°38'46" WEST 2,671.33 FEET TO THE NORTHEASTCORNER OF SECTION 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 00°04'00" WEST 5,379.12 FEET TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 27;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 89°06'34" WEST 2,674.38 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 27;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 89°09'03" WEST 2,587.98 FEET TO A POINT ON THEEAST LINE OF AN 80-FOOT-WIDE RIGHT-OF-WAY KNOWN AS CAMP KEAIS ROAD, AS RECORDED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 1579, PAGE17323, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR THE FOLLOWING TEN (10) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. NORTH 05°51'03" EAST 91.74 FEET;2. 403.88 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 3,787.51 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 06°06'35" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 02°47'45" EAST 403.69 FEET;3. NORTH 00°15'32" WEST 4,936.51 FEET;4. NORTH 00°17'42" WEST 60.69 FEET;5. 533.72 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE EAST HAVING A RADIUS OF 760.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLEOF 40°14'11" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 19°49'24" EAST 522.82 FEET;6. NORTH 39°56'29" EAST 543.45 FEET;7. 584.69 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 840.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLEOF 39°52'53" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 20°00'03" EAST 572.96 FEET;8. NORTH 00°03'36" EAST 600.00 FEET;9. 848.23 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHWEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 540.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 89°59'58" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 44°56'23" WEST 763.68 FEET; 10. ALONG A LINE NON-TANGENT TO SAID CURVE, NORTH 89°56'24" WEST, A DISTANCE OF 164.71 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF A 100-FOOT-WIDE STRIP OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 4322, PAGE 1347, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG SAID PARCEL OF LAND FOR THE FOLLOWING TWO (2) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. NORTH 00°15'34" WEST 2,601.35 FEET;2. NORTH 00°07'26" WEST 3,944.99 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING.CONTAINING: 3,914.91 ACRES, MORE OR LESS.ALONG WITHPARCEL (B)COMMENCING AT THE AFOREMENTIONED POINT (A);THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED SECTION 15 SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST 3,945.17 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNEROF SECTION 22, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID SECTION 22 SOUTH 00°15'34" EAST 2,681.53 FEET;THENCE LEAVING SAID WEST LINE NORTH 89°44'26" EAST 150.00 FEET TO A POINT ON THE AFOREMENTIONED CAMP KEAIS ROAD AND BEINGTHE POINT OF BEGINNING;THENCE ALONG THE WEST BOUNDARY OF CAMP KEAIS ROAD FOR THE FOLLOWING SIX (6) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. SOUTH 89°56'24" EAST 164.27 FEET;2. 722.57 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHWEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 460.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 90°00'00" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 44°56'24" EAST 650.54 FEET;3. SOUTH 00°03'36" WEST 600.00 FEET;4. 529.01 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 760.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLEOF 39°52'53" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 20°00'03" WEST 518.39 FEET;5. SOUTH 39°56'29" WEST 543.45 FEET;6. 151.51 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHEAST HAVING A RADIUS OF 840.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 10°20'04" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 34°46'27" WEST 151.31 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EASTLINE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED 100-FOOT-WIDE STRIP OF LAND;THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE ALONG A LINE NON-TANGENT TO SAID CURVE, NORTH 00°17'33" WEST, A DISTANCE OF 2,088.76 FEET TO THEPOINT OF BEGINNING.CONTAINING: 22.97 ACRES, MORE OR LESS.NET AREA: 3937.88 ACRES MORE OR LESSSCALE:1" = 1000'0SCALE IN FEET20001000SURVEYORS NOTES:xA SURVEY OF THE DESCRIBED LANDS WASCONDUCTED BY AMS ENGINEERING &ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. ON OCTOBER 1ST, 2003,INDICATING FOUND MONUMENTATION ALONGSAID BOUNDARY. UPON OUR RECOVERY OF SAIDBOUNDARY THERE ARE NUMEROUSDISCREPANCIES BETWEEN THE MEASUREDDISTANCES NOTED ON THE AMS SURVEY ANDTHE EXISTING FOUND MONUMENTATION. THESEDISCREPANCIES INCLUDE RECOVERED ORIGINALCOLLIER MONUMENTS AND MONUMENTSRECORDED AS CERTIFIED CORNER WITH LABINS.xAN (AMS) MEASURED DISTANCE IS NOTED ON ALLLEGS OF THE BOUNDARY THAT HAVE ADISCREPANCY EXCEEDING 0.20' FROM THEEXISTING RECOVERED BOUNDARY CORNERS.(SEE SHEETS 2, 3, 4, & 5 FOR THESE NOTES)Page 5 of 10Page 7618 of 9661 N0°07'26"W 3944.99N89°17'35"E1202.62(M) N0°06'39"W 2656.84(D) S4°09'26"E 2651.27N89°04'02"E 2035.44 N. LINE OF THE N.E. 1/4 SEC. 15(M) N89°38'49"E 2587.12 N. LINE OF THE N.W. 1/4 SEC. 14(AMS) 2586.52 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 2SHEET 2SHEET 2SHEET 3COLLIER COUNTYO.R.941, PG.521(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)BCP LLLPN.W. 1/4 OF THEN.W. 1/4 OF SEC. 15,O.R.2493, PG.2779(NOT PART OF THISSURVEY)COLLIER COUNTYO.R.941, PG.521(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)SEMINOLE TRIBEO.R.1479, PG.976BCP LLLPO.R.2493, PG.2779IMMOKALEE ROAD (100' R.O.W.)S89°52'34"W 150.00N0°07'26"W 1314.26FOUND CONCRETE MONUMENT ATEAST RIGHT OF WAY LINE OFIMMOKALEE ROAD 0.03' WEST.SETFOUNDFOUNDFOUNDFOUNDIRON PINFOUNDE. LINE SEC.15, T.47S., R.29E.W. LINE SEC.14, T.47S., R.29E.UNPLATTED(SEC. 15)UNPLATTED(N.W. 1/4 SEC. 14)UNPLATTED(S.W. 1/4 SEC. 14)POINT AP.O.C.NORTHWEST CORNER OFSECTION 15 TOWNSHIP 47SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAFOUND IRON RODIN CENTERLINE OFIMMOKALEE ROAD30' ACCESS EASEMENT (O.R.941, PG.521) (STOCKADE ROAD)END OFEASEMENTC.C.R.116015CONCRETEMONUMENTS0°37'10"W 2704.00S0°11'26"E 2628.83N89°25'08"E 2661.33N89°59'43"E 2696.54C.C.R.115724L.B.7917S89°51'19"W 5237.38 S. LINE SEC. 15S89°48'30"W150.00C.C.R.083010NAIL(D) N85°00'00"E 676.83(M) N89°06'25"E 676.70S0°05'22"E 1320.65N. 1/4 CORNER SEC. 15FOUNDFOUNDIRON PIN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 659.2'83.5'132.5'132.3'83.7'671.7'75.7'63.7'FARMBUILDINGS15 1422 23SETN0°07'26"W 5259.44(D) 100'O.R.4322PG.134710 1115 14(M) S89°18'51"W 751.14STAMPEDCECOVERHEAD UTILITY LINES(M) N89°32'49"E 2030.52(D) S85°26'40"W 2030.60(D) N4°09'04"W 1320.73(M) S0°08'45"E 1319.97OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:01:34 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-023/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg2PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPSCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET300600GENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 6 of 10Page 7619 of 9661 L6L7L8SHEET 3SHEET 4SHEET 3SHEET 3SHEET 2SHEET 3FOUNDSETFOUNDSETFOUNDPIN & CAPSTAMPED AMSFOUNDFOUNDPIN & CAPNO I.D.13 1824 1914 1323 2412 713 18C.C.R.116412C.C.R.115811PIN & CAPL.B.7917C.C.R.115722C.C.R.115723PIN & CAPL.B.7917C.C.R.116411UNPLATTED(N.E. 1/4 SEC. 14)UNPLATTED(S.E. 1/4 SEC. 14)UNPLATTED(N.W. 1/4 SEC. 13)UNPLATTED(S.W. 1/4 SEC. 13)UNPLATTED(S.E. 1/4 SEC. 13)(AMS) 2328.84(C&M) N89°38'42"E 2331.62 N. LINE OF THE N.E. 1/4 SEC. 14(AMS) 2421.88(C&M) S44°58'17"E 2419.10S.W. R.O.W. LINES44°59'05"E 2800.04S.W. R.O.W. LINES44°59'05"E 2023.22S.W. R.O. W. LINEO.R.962, PG.1289(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)OVERHEADUTILITY LINESS89°38'10"W242.07S2°15'49"E254.08S2°15'49"E 2430.13S1°31'37"E329.67S89°01'23"W315.26S89°01'23"W 2253.76N89°01'23"E 2569.02N1°36'55"W 2360.58S1°36'55"E298.69S89°33'32"W287.00N89°33'32"E 2312.62S89°59'43"W 2696.54N0°57'05"W 2655.96N89°25'14"E 2634.91N0°57'18"W 2693.16S2°15'36"E 2684.10C.C.R.115721FOUNDOVERHEAD UTILITY LINESSTATE RD. 29 S.11 1214 13MONITORING WELLSLINE TABLELINE #L6L7L8LENGTH730.20680.17729.89BEARINGS44°59'18"WS44°58'03"EN45°00'39"EOFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:01:44 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg3PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 7 of 10Page 7620 of 9661 (AMS) 2306.51(M) S0°31'11"E 2301.77 E. LINE OF THE N.E. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2617.95(M) S0°38'38"E 2631.42 E. LINE OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2647.52(M) S89°44'23"W 2614.52 S. LINE OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2643.02(M) S89°44'08"W 2613.84 S. LINE OF THE S.W. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2673.51(M) S89°34'23"W 2672.75 S. LINE. OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 23SHEET 3SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 5SHEET 4S89°22'16"W80.09S89°03'11"W79.9424 1925 3023 2426 25C.C.R. 116415WITNESS PIN L.B.7917WITNESS PIN L.B.7917L.B.7917C.C.R. 116416N89°26'24"E 2591.61N0°08'59"W 2612.76S89°19'18"W 2591.67N0°08'37"W 2617.81S0°20'51"W 2599.23S0°21'10"W 2599.67L.B.7917COLLIER MONUMENTCOLLIER MONUMENTUNPLATTED(N.W. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(N.E. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(S.W. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(S.E. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(SEC. 25)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)UNPLATTED(SEC. 26)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)UNPLATTED(SEC. 23)S.R. 29 S.OVERHEADUTILITY LINESL.B.7917OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:01:54 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg4PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 8 of 10Page 7621 of 9661 C5L14N0°17'33"W 2088.76C7C6L15L10C2L11C3L12C4L13N0°15'34"W 2601.35(AMS) 2670.60(M) S89°38'46"W 2671.33 S. LINE OF THE S.W. 1/4 SEC. 23SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 5SHEET 4SHEET 5SHEET 6SHEET 5(D) 100.0'O.R.4322PG.1347(D) 100.0'IMMOKALEE ROAD (C.R.846)22 2327 26CAMP KEAIS RD.(80' WIDE)O.R.4322, PG.1377WIDTH VARIES150' WIDTHO.R.4322, PG.1377CAMP KEAIS RD.(80' WIDE) (O.R.1579, PG.1732)O.R.4322,PG.1354LANDSINCLUDED INSURVEYUNPLATTED(SEC. 23)UNPLATTED(SEC. 22)UNPLATTED(SEC. 26)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)S89°41'38"W 5261.34S89°41'38"W 80.00S89°41'38"W 39.68W. LINE SEC. 22N0°15'34"W 5249.84N89°56'38"W 100.19N89°55'57"W 100.18N0°14'18"E 2635.38N0°37'25"W 2599.57N0°18'18"W 60.85CURVE TABLECURVE #C2C3C4C5C6C7LENGTH533.72584.69848.23722.57529.01151.51RADIUS760.00840.00540.00460.00760.00840.00DELTA40°14'11"39°52'53"89°59'58"90°00'00"39°52'53"10°20'04"CHORD BEARINGN19°49'24"EN20°00'03"EN44°56'23"WS44°56'24"ES20°00'03"WS34°46'27"WCHORD LENGTH522.82572.96763.68650.54518.39151.31LINE TABLELINE #L10L11L12L13L14L15L16LENGTH60.69543.45600.00164.71164.27600.00543.45BEARINGN0°17'42"WN39°56'29"EN0°03'36"EN89°56'24"WS89°56'24"ES0°03'36"WS39°56'29"WL16SETFOUND IRON ROD0.45' S.E.FOUND IRON ROD0.65' N.E.L.B.69030.65' N.E.C.C.R.83011S.W. COR. SEC.22,T.47S., R.29E.SETL.B.2022L.B.2022L.B.2022IRON PINL.B.2022SETL.B.2022IRON PINL.B.2022COLLIER MONUMENTIRON PINTT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X CAMP KEAIS RD.IMMOKALEE RD.OVERHEADUTILITYLINESUNPAVED RD.POST ANDWIRE FENCEASPHALTROAD ANDAPRONASPHALTROAD ANDAPRONO.R.4998PG.865O.R.4998PG.865GAS VALVEVAULTSWEST LINE SEC.2280' R.O.W.O.R.1579, PG.1732200'O.R.4322PG.1354OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:02:04 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg5PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.DETAIL SCALE: 1" = 200'SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 9 of 10Page 7622 of 9661 S0°04'00"W 5379.12 E. LINE SEC. 27S89°06'34"W 2674.38 S. LINE OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 27S89°09'03"W 2587.98 S. LINE OF THE S.W. 1/4 SEC. 27L9C1N0°15'32"W 4936.51SHEET 5SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6CAMP KEAIS RD.(80' WIDE) (O.R.1579, PG.1732)120' WIDEO.R.4322, PG.1377S0°15'41"E 5431.65 W. LINE SEC. 271" IRON PIPES.W. COR. SEC.27PIN & CAPSTAMPED AIMCONC.MONUMENTRANCH ONE RD.(60' WIDE) (O.R.1376, PG.51)2833 34L.B.2022SETL.B.2022UNPLATTED(SEC. 27)UNPLATTED(SEC. 34)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)S89°09'03"W88.1627 2634 35LINE TABLELINE #L9LENGTH91.74BEARINGN5°51'03"ECURVE TABLECURVE #C1LENGTH403.88RADIUS3787.51DELTA6°06'35"CHORD BEARINGN2°47'45"ECHORD LENGTH403.69OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:02:14 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg6PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 10 of 10Page 7623 of 9661 ZONING: A-MHOLAND USE: RESIDENTIALZONING: GARDEN WALK VILLAGE PUDLAND USE: UNDEVELOPEDZONING: A-MHOLAND USE: COLLIER COUNTY SOLID &HAZARDOUS WASTEZONING: A-MHOLAND USE: AGRICULTURALZONING: A-MHO RLSAOLAND USE: AGRICULTURALCAMP KEAIS RDIMMOKALEE RDIMMOKALEE RDS.R. 29ZONING: A-MHO RLSAOLAND USE: AGRICULTURALINTERNAL ACCESS DRIVE(TYP)PIT OFFICES AND SCALEHOUSE(SEE SHEET 03)POTENTIAL FUTURE PITOFFICES AND SCALEHOUSE(SEE SHEET 03)ZONING: A-MHOLAND USE:RESIDENTIALZONING: A-MHOLAND USE:UNDEVELOPEDWRAWRAWRAINGRESS/EGRESS TOCAMP KEAIS RDPOTENTIAL FUTURECONNECTION TO SR29200± LF 20' TYPE 'C'LANDSCAPE BUFFERSUBJECT TOCONDITION #21QUARRY LAKEAREA = 204.1 (AC)OUTDOOR STORAGE/ EQUIPMENT/MININGOPERATIONSTIRE WASHCODE - REQUIRED BUFFER,SUBJECT TO CONDITION #20CODE - REQUIRED BUFFER,SUBJECT TO CONDITION #20805± LF 20' TYPE 'C'LANDSCAPE BUFFER(SEE NOTE #3)1,228± LF 10' TYPE 'A'LANDSCAPE BUFFER(SEE NOTE #3)••••••CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 8/11/2025 1:36:53 PM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:38:58 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-1.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINECONCEPTUAL SITEPLANSILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251' = 3000'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-1.dwgX17-101 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE: 1' = 3000'LEGEND:PROPERTY BOUNDARYW.R.A.LAKE (QUARRYEXCAVATION AREA)EXTERNAL ACCESSPROJECT BOUNDARYPage 7624 of 9661 EXHIBIT B • • • • • • CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:49:17 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:02 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-2.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINENOTESSILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 2025N/AP-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-2.dwgX17-202 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SITE DATA:TOTAL SITE AREA: 3,937.88 ACRESCURRENT ZONING: A-MHO-RLSAO AND A-MHOCURRENT LAND USE: AGRICULTURALFUTURE LAND USE: AGRICULTURAL RURAL MIXED-USE DISTRICT RLSAO (SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE PROPERTY) URBAN MIXED USE DISTRICT-LOW RESIDENTIAL SUBDISTRICT (NORTHERN PORTION OF THE PROPERTY)GENERAL NOTES:1. THIS PLAN IS CONCEPTUAL IN NATURE AND SUBJECT TOMODIFICATIONS.2. RETAINED NATIVE VEGETATION MAY BE USED TO SATISFYLANDSCAPE BUFFER REQUIREMENTS AFTER EXOTIC VEGETATIONREMOVAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH LDC SECTION 4.06.02 AND4.06.05.E.1. SUPPLEMENTAL PLANTINGS WITH NATIVE PLANTMATERIALS SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH LDC 3.05.07.3. EXISTING VEGETATION TO BE RETAINED SATISFIES BUFFERREQUIREMENTS. SHOULD THE EXISTING VEGETATION BEREMOVED OR DESTROYED, SUPPLEMENTAL PLANTINGS WILL BEPROVIDED AS NECESSARY TO MEET BUFFER REQUIREMENTS.PRESERVE:PER LDC SECTION 3.05.07.B.2, THE SITE DOES NOT REQUIRE A PRESERVE AREA.OPEN SPACE:*MINIMUM OPEN SPACE REQUIRED AND PROVIDED = 30%Page 7625 of 9661 SCALE (BY OTHERS)FUTURE SCALEHOUSE (650± SF)PROPOSED PITOFFICES ANDSCALE HOUSEDUMP TRUCK STACKINGAPPROX. 5,000± LFTO CAMP KEAIS RD• • • • • • CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:49:08 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:08 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-3.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINEPIT OFFICE ANDSCALE HOUSESILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251" = 100'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-3.dwgX17-303 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE:1" = 100'ZONINGCURRENT ZONING: A-MHO-RLSAO AND A-MHOCURRENT LAND USE: VACANT / AGRICULTURALBUILDING SETBACKSMIN. FRONT AND REAR YARDS: 50'MIN. SIDE YARD: 30'EXCAVATION: 50'PARKING CALCULATIONSL.D.C. 4.05.04OFFICE/SCALEHOUSE: 1 PER 300 SFHANDICAPPED: 1 SPACE PER 25REGULAR SPACES1 PER 300 SF @ 650 SF = 3 REQUIRED PARKING SPACESPROVIDED: 4 PARKING SPACES(INCLUDES 1 ADA SPACES)PROJECTBOUNDARY(TYP)Page 7626 of 9661 PROJECT BOUNDARY(TYP)PROPOSED LAKE(QUARRY EXCAVATION AREA)(AREA = 204.1 AC.)OUTDOOR STORAGE / EQUIPMENT /MINING OPERATIONSEXCAVATIONLIMITS (TYP)INTERNALACCESS DRIVEWRAWRA••••••CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:55:53 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:13 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-4.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINEEXCAVATION AREASILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251" = 600'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-4.dwgX17-404 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE: 1" = 600'ZONINGCURRENT ZONING: A-MHO-RLSAO AND A-MHOCURRENT LAND USE: VACANT / AGRICULTURALBUILDING SETBACKSMIN. SIDE, REAR AND ABUTTING PROPERTY LINES: 50'MIN. FROM ABUTTING RESIDENTIAL: 100'MIN. FROM PRIVATE ACCESS ESMT: 50'MIN. SIDE YARD: 30'EXCAVATION: 50'Page 7627 of 9661 TIRE WASH(BY OTHERS)PROPOSED 30'±PAVEMENTPROJECT BOUNDARY(TYP)CAMP KEAIS ROADPROPERTY BOUNDARY(TYP)300'±NOTE:FINAL COMPONENTS ANDCONFIGURATION OF TIRE WASH TO BEDETERMINED BY THE MINE OPERATOR.EXISTING COUNTY(PUBLIC) R.O.W.383'±• • • • • • CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:51:38 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:19 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-5.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINETIRE WASHSILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251" = 100'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-5.dwgX17-505 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE: 1" = 100'Page 7628 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 August 18, 2025 1 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 SILVER STRAND MINE CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL 1. The Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use shall be limited to what is depicted on the Conceptual Site Plan, dated August 2025, and prepared by Peninsula Engineering. 2. Minor changes in the location and siting of buildings, structures, and improvements authorized by this conditional use may be approved administratively at the time of application for SDP/SDPA or subdivision plat. 3. Prior to any vehicular use of the site, the owner shall post two (2) signs along the entry drive, clearly visible to vehicles entering and leaving the site, providing information regarding potential panther presence and notifying drivers of the need to use caution. Sign wording, placement and size will be subject to review and approval by Collier County Environmental Staff. The owner shall submit, and receive approval of, the proposed signage plan in conjunction with the first to occur of either the Site Development Plan process or other local development order as may be required which may allow vehicular use of the site. 4. Evidence of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) accepted mitigation for impacts to panthers, woodstorks, Florida black bear and other listed species will be required prior to the pre-construction meeting with Staff. 5. A littoral shelf planting area to commence during the reclamation phase of the project shall be shown on the excavation permit for this conditional use and shall meet the current standards of the Land Development Code at the time of submittal of the Commercial Excavation Permit. 6. The owner/petitioner shall obtain a South Florida Water Management District Agricultural Surface Water Management Permit or permit modification for this site, if applicable. 7. The maximum total daily trip generation for the CU shall not exceed 162 two-way PM peak hour net trips based on the use codes in the ITE Manual on trip generation rates in effect at the time of application for SDP/SDPA or excavation permit approval, whichever occurs first. The maximum number of one-way trucks per day (maximum one-way loads per day) is 430. 8. Pursuant to Section 125.022(5) F.S., issuance of a development permit by a County does not in any way create any rights on the part of the applicant to obtain a permit from a state or federal agency and does not create any liability on the part of the County for issuance of the permit if the applicant fails to obtain requisite approvals for fulfill the obligations imposed by a state or federal agency or undertakes actions that result in a violation of state or federal law. Page 7629 of 9661 EXHIBIT C Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 August 18, 2025 2 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 9. Mining operations are permitted between 6:30 am and 5:00 pm Monday through Friday, and between 7:00 am and 3:00 pm on Saturday. 10. The Owner/Petitioner shall be responsible for all maintenance of the internal haul roadways and the connection to Camp Keais Road for the duration of the mining operation. The area surrounding and between the tire-wash system and the Camp Keais Road access shall be paved consistent with the weigh stations shown on the master plan and/or be a minimum of 22 feet in width and a depth of 1.5 inches of asphalt or asphalt millings with minimum LDC required base. A Dust Control Plan, for Silver Strand Mine shall be submitted with the Excavation Permit. The tire wash system shall be installed to wash dust from the wheels and underbody of all haul trucks exiting the facility. This system will direct water under pressure at the wheels and the underside of each vehicle as it passes through. There is no paving required on-site past the tire-wash system, except that required handicapped spaces shall be ADA- compliant. This condition shall also apply to any potential future access on SR 29. 11. Haul trucks will not be permitted to park or stage along public rights-of-way. Applicant may allow haul trucks to stage or park on the project’s internal roadway prior to 6:30 a.m. 12. Upon completion of excavation activities, all buildings, equipment, and berms shall be removed within six months, or used in the reclamation process or for agricultural purposes. 13. The BZA may revoke the approval of this Conditional Use if the Collier County Code Enforcement Board finds that the mine operator has violated or has not fully complied with all conditions of approval including completion of improvements indicated on the Conditional Use Master Plan and the mine operator has failed to remedy the violation or come into compliance within the time period established by the Code Enforcement Board. 14. The mining operations shall be conducted in compliance with the laws of the State of Florida, Collier County Government, and the Federal Government. 15. The lifespan of the mine is 20 years from the date of Conditional Use approval by the Board of County Commissioners. 16. Adequate utility, access roads, drainage, and other necessary facilities shall continue to be maintained. 17. Each year, the owner shall provide a report to the Collier County Transportation Management Services Department, which will include the condition of the roadways adjacent to the property entrance(s), accident reports, and average daily and peak hour vehicle trips entering and exiting the earth mine. Page 7630 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 August 18, 2025 3 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 18. An approved indigo snake plan is required to be implemented prior to the beginning of any construction, including site clearing. The name and contact information of a qualified biologist who will monitor work shall be supplied to Environmental Services Department staff at the pre-construction meeting or prior to excavation permit approval, whichever is first. 19. An updated listed species survey, less than 6 months old, is required for areas to be excavated prior to the pre-construction meeting with Staff. As required by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Technical Assistance, follow-up pedestrian surveys of each new mining block will be conducted between 60 and 180 days prior to the commencement of any mining-related activity through the life of the project. The applicant shall submit a copy of these surveys to the Development Review Division Director. 20. The Owner will install a LDC required buffer within 180 days along any property boundary where an SRA, PUD, rezone, or other residential development has been approved on an adjacent property, unless development on the adjacent property includes the construction of a perimeter berm that is a minimum of 7’ in height, as measured from Finished Floor Elevation of the adjacent site. 21. The Owner will install 200 LF of a 20’ Type ‘C’ buffer adjacent to the abutting residential parcel along the eastern property boundary. This buffer will wrap the corner of the subject property line, providing 100 LF on each side. Refer to the conceptual site plan prepared by Peninsula Engineering. 22. The maximum allowable depth of the excavation shall be 58’. Page 7631 of 9661 23. When the property is developed for non-mining purposes, all required buffers will be installed along all property boundaries. with CCPC condition Growth Management Community Development Department Zoning Division—Comprehensive Planning Section CONSISTENCY REVIEW MEMORANDUM To: Tim Finn, Planner III, Zoning From: Parker Klopf, Planner III, Comprehensive Planning Date: SEPTEMBER 18, 2025 Subject: Future Land Use Element (FLUE) Consistency Review PETITION NUMBER: PL20220001634 PETITION NAME: Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use REQUEST: The petitioner is requesting that the Collier County Planning Commission (CCPC) consider a Conditional Use for earth mining with excavation, blasting, and processing of material on property zoned Rural Agricultural District (A) with a Mobile Home Overlay (MHO), partly within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay Zoning District (RLSAO), on 3,937.88± acres.. LOCATION: The subject property is located between State Road 29 to the east, Camp Keais Road and Immokalee Road to the west and Stockade Road to the northwest, in Sections 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, and 27, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County, Florida. COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING COMMENTS: The subject property is located in mainly within the Agricultural/Rural designation as well as the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (RLSAO) and a portion of the property is located within the Low Residential District of the Immokalee Master Plan. The purpose of the Low Residential subdistrict is to provide for low density residential development and supporting uses. The Agricultural/Rural Land Use Designation is for those areas that are remote from the existing development pattern, lack public facilities and services, are environmentally sensitive or are in agricultural production. Urbanization is not promoted; therefore, most allowable land uses are of low intensity in an effort to maintain and promote the rural character of these lands. According to the proposed excavation plan provided by the applicant, there will be no excavation activities happening on areas designated as Low Residential by the Immokalee Master Plan. Furthermore, The proposed earth mining operation is listed as an allowable use in the Agricultural/Rural designation in the FLUE and since the mining operations are limited to the Agricultural/ Rural Designated areas it is the determination of Comprehensive Planning Staff that the proposed amendment is consistent with the goals and policies of the Future Land Use Plan. Page 7632 of 9661 Relevant FLUE Objectives and policies are stated below (in italics); each policy is followed by staff analysis [in bold]. FLUE Policy 5.4: All applications and petitions for proposed development shall be consistent with this Growth Management Plan, as determined by the Board of County Commissioners. As stated above all mining operations are to take place on Agricultural/ Rural designation and there will be no encroachment of the mining operations into Low Residential designated lands CONCLUSION: The proposed Conditional Use for an earth mining operation is a permitted use within the Agricultural/ Rural designation and all mining operations are limited to Agricultural/ Rural designated areas. Therefore, the proposed Conditional Use proposal has been deemed consistent with the Future Land Use Element. Page 7633 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 1 of 12 APPLICATION FOR PUBLIC HEARING FOR: CONDITIONAL USE LDC Section 10.08.00 & Code of Laws section 2-83 – 2-90 Chapter 3 C.1 of the Administrative Code PETITION NO (PL) PROJECT NAME DATE PROCESSED A CONDITIONAL USE TO BE HEARD BY THE PLANNING COMMISSION AND BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS A MINOR CONDITIONAL USE TO BE HEARD BY THE OFFICE OF THE HEARING EXAMINER APPLICANT CONTACT INFORMATION Name of Property Owner(s): ______________________________________________________ Name of Applicant if different than owner: __________________________________________ Address: ____________________________City: _____________ State: ________ ZIP: _______ Telephone: ____________________ Cell: ____________________ Fax: ___________________ E-Mail Address: ________________________________________________________________ Name of Agent(s): _____________________________________________________________ Firm: _________________________________________________________________________ Address: ____________________________City: _____________ State: ________ ZIP: _______ Telephone: ____________________ Cell: _____________________ Fax: __________________ E-Mail Address: ________________________________________________________________ BE AWARE THAT COLLIER COUNTY HAS LOBBYIST REGULATIONS. GUIDE YOURSELF ACCORDINGLY AND ENSURE THAT YOU ARE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THESE REGULATIONS. To be completed by staff ^ƚĂƚĞ͗&>/W͗ϯϰϭϬϯ EĂŵĞŽĨŐĞŶƚ͗ZŝĐŚĂƌĚzŽǀĂŶŽǀŝĐŚ͕ƐƋ͘ &ŝƌŵ͗ŽůĞŵĂŶ͕zŽǀĂŶŽǀŝĐŚΘ<ŽĞƐƚĞƌ͕W͘͘ ĚĚƌĞƐƐ͗ϰϬϬϭdĂŵŝĂŵŝdƌĂŝůE͕͘^ƵŝƚĞϯϬϬŝƚǇ͗EĂƉůĞƐ dĞůĞƉŚŽŶĞ͗Ϯϯϵ͘ϰϯϱ͘ϯϱϯϱ ŵĂŝů͗ƌǇŽǀĂŶŽǀŝĐŚΛĐǇŬůĂǁĨŝƌŵ͘ĐŽŵ Silver Strand III Partnership 2640 Golden Gate Parkway, Suite 201 Naples FL 34104 239.262.2600 DGenson@barroncollier.com; NCasalanguida@barroncollier.com Jessica Harrelson, AICP Peninsula Engineering 2640 Golden Gate Parkway, Suite 201 Naples FL 34105 239.403.6751 jharrelson@pen-eng.com Page 7634 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 2 of 12 ASSOCIATIONS Required: List all registered Home Owner Association(s) that could be affected by this petition. Provide additional sheets if necessary. Information can be found on the Board of County Commissioner’s website at http://www.colliergov.net/Index.aspx?page=774. Name of Homeowner Association: _________________________________________________ Mailing Address: ____________________________ City: _________ State: ______ ZIP: ______ Name of Homeowner Association: _________________________________________________ Mailing Address: ____________________________ City: _________ State: ______ ZIP: ______ Name of Homeowner Association: _________________________________________________ Mailing Address: ____________________________ City: _________ State: ______ ZIP: ______ Name of Homeowner Association: _________________________________________________ Mailing Address: ____________________________ City: _________ State: ______ ZIP: ______ Name of Homeowner Association: _________________________________________________ Mailing Address: ____________________________ City: _________ State: ______ ZIP: ______ PROPERTY INFORMATION On separate page, provide a detailed legal description of the property covered by the application: x If the request involves changes to more than one zoning district, the applicant shall include separate legal description for property involved in each district; x The applicant shall submit 4 copies of a recent survey (completed within the last six months, maximum 1" to 400' scale), if required to do so at the pre-application meeting; and x The applicant is responsible for supplying the correct legal description. If questions arise concerning the legal description, an engineer's certification or sealed survey may be required. Property I.D. Number: ____________________________ Plat Book: _______ Page #: _______ Section/Township/Range: _______ /_______ /_______ Subdivision: __________________________________________Lot: ________ Block: ________ Metes & Bounds Description: _____________________________________________________ Size of Property: _____ft. X ______ ft. = _______ Total Sq. Ft. Acres: _____________ Address/ General Location of Subject Property: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ N/A 00138160003, 00138360007, 00138120001, 00137640003, 00138200002, 00137280007, 00137560002 13,14,15,22,23,24 27 47 29 See Survey for Legal Description varies varies 171,534,052.8 3,937.88 East of Immokalee Road, West of SR 29 Page 7635 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 3 of 12 ADJACENT ZONING AND LAND USE Zoning Land Use N S E W If the owner of the subject property owns contiguous property please provide a detailed legal description of the entire contiguous property: (If space is inadequate, attach on a separate page) Section/Township/Range: / / Lot: Block: Subdivision: __________________________________________ Plat Book: Page #: Property I.D. Number: ____________________________ Metes & Bounds Description: ________________________________________________ CONDITIONAL USE REQUEST DETAIL Type of Conditional Use: This application is requesting a conditional use as allowed, pursuant to LDC section 2.03.00, of the _______________________ zoning district for _______________________ (type of use). Present Use of the Property: __________________________________________ A-MHO/A-PU Undeveloped, CC Landfill, & Residential A-MHO-RLSAO Agricultural Lands/Undeveloped A-MHO-RLSAO/A-MHO/Kaicasa PUD Undeveloped/Residential/SR 29/Undeveloped A-MHO-RSLAO/ A-MHO Immokalee Rd, Agricultural/Undeveloped A-MHO & A-MHO-RSLAO Earth Mining Agricultural/ Undeveloped Page 7636 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 4 of 12 EVALUATION CRITERIA Pursuant to LDC section 10.08.00 and Chapter 3 C.1 of the Administrative Code, staff’s recommendation to the reviewing body shall be based upon a finding that the granting of the conditional use will not adversely affect the public interest and that the specific requirements governing the individual conditional use, if any, have been met. Further, satisfactory provision and arrangement have been made concerning the following matters, where applicable. On a separate page, provide a narrative statement describing a request for a conditional use and a detailed response to the criteria listed below. Specify how and why the request is consistent with each of the criteria. a.Describe how the project is consistent with the Collier County Land Development Code and Growth Management Plan. Include information on how the request is consistent with the applicable section or portions of the Future Land Use Element. b.Describe the existing or planned means of ingress and egress to the property and proposed structure thereon with particular reference to automotive and pedestrian safety and convenience, traffic flow and control, and access in case of fire or catastrophe. c.Describe the effect the conditional use will have on neighboring properties in relation to noise, glare, economic impact, and odor. d.Describe the site’s and the proposed use’s compatibility with adjacent properties and other properties in the district. e.Please provide any additional information which you may feel is relevant to this request. Deed Restrictions: The County is legally precluded from enforcing deed restrictions; however, many communities have adopted such restrictions. You may wish to contact the civic or property owners association in the area for which this use is being requested in order to ascertain whether or not the request is affected by existing deed restrictions. Previous land use petitions on the subject property: To your knowledge, has a public hearing been held on this property within the last year? If so, what was the nature of that hearing? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Official Interpretations or Zoning Verifications: To your knowledge, has there been an official interpretation or zoning verification rendered on this property within the last year? No Yes (If yes please provide copies.) N/A Page 7637 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 5 of 12 STATEMENT OF UTILITY PROVISIONS FOR CONDITIONAL USE REQUEST APPLICANT INFORMATION Name of Applicant(s): ___________________________________________________________ Address: ______________________________City: ___________ State: ________ ZIP: _______ Telephone: ____________________ Cell: _____________________ Fax: __________________ E-Mail Address: ________________________________________________________________ Address of Subject Property (If available): ___________________________________________ City: ________________ State: __________ ZIP: ___________ LEGAL DESCRIPTION Section/Township/Range: / / Lot: Block: Subdivision: _______________________________________________ Plat Book: Page #: Property I.D. Number: _________________________________ Metes & Bounds Description: _____________________________________________________ TYPE OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL TO BE PROVIDED Check applicable system: a. County Utility System b. City Utility System c. Franchised Utility System Provide Name: ____________________ d. Package Treatment Plant (GPD Capacity): ___________________ e. Septic System TYPE OF WATER SERVICE TO BE PROVIDED a. County Utility System b. City Utility System c. Franchised Utility System PROVIDE NAME_______________ d. Private System (Well) Total Population to be served: ____________________________________________________ Peak and Average Daily Demands: A. Water-Peak: _______ Average Daily: ________ B. Sewer-Peak: _______ Average Daily: ________ Silver Strand III Partnership 2640 Golden Gate Parkway, Suite 201 Naples FL 34105 239.403.6700 dgenson@barroncollier.com Naples FL 34105 13,14,15 22,23,24, 27 47 29 00138160003, 00138360007, 00138120001, 00137640003, 00138200002, 00137280007, 00137560002 See Survey for Legal Description X X 5 (employees) 137 105 336 75 Page 7638 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 6 of 12 If proposing to be connected to Collier County Regional Water System, please provide the date service is expected to be required: ____________________________________________ Narrative statement: Provide a brief and concise narrative statement and schematic drawing of sewage treatment process to be used as well as a specific statement regarding the method of affluent and sludge disposal. If percolation ponds are to be used, then percolation data and soil involved shall be provided from tests prepared and certified by a professional engineer. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ County Utility Dedication Statement: If the project is located within the service boundaries of Collier County’s utility service system, a notarized statement shall be provided agreeing to dedicate the water distribution and sewage collection facilities within the project area to the Collier County Utilities. This shall occur upon completion of the construction of these facilities in accordance with all applicable County ordinances in effect at that time. This statement shall also include an agreement that the applicable system development charges and connection fees will be paid to the County Utilities Division prior to the issuance of building permits by the County. If applicable, the statement shall contain an agreement to dedicate the appropriate utility easements for serving the water and sewer systems. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Statement of Availability Capacity from other Providers: Unless waived or otherwise provided for at the pre-application meeting, if the project is to receive sewer or potable water services from any provider other than the County, a statement from that provider indicating adequate capacity to serve the project shall be provided. Page 7639 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 7 of 12 RECORDING OF DEVELOPER COMMITMENTS Within 30 days of adoption of the Ordinance, the owner or developer at their expense shall record in the Public Records of Collier County a Memorandum of Understanding of Developer Commitments or Notice of Developer Commitments that contains the legal description of the property that is the subject of the land use petition and contains each and every commitment of the owner or developer specified in the Ordinance. The Memorandum or Notice shall be in form acceptable to the County and shall comply with the recording requirements of F.S. §695. A recorded copy of the Memorandum or Notice shall be provided to the assigned Principal Planner, Zoning Services Department, within 15 days of recording of said Memorandum or Notice. Chapter 8 of the Administrative Code requires that the applicant must remove their public hearing advertising sign(s) after final action is taken by the Board of County Commissioners. Based on the Board's final action on this item, please remove all public hearing advertising sign(s) immediately. Page 7640 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 7 of 12 RECORDING OF DEVELOPER COMMITMENTS Within 30 days of adoption of the Ordinance, the owner or developer at their expense shall record in the Public Records of Collier County a Memorandum of Understanding of Developer Commitments or Notice of Developer Commitments that contains the legal description of the property that is the subject of the land use petition and contains each and every commitment of the owner or developer specified in the Ordinance. The Memorandum or Notice shall be in form acceptable to the County and shall comply with the recording requirements of F.S. §695. A recorded copy of the Memorandum or Notice shall be provided to the assigned Principal Planner, Zoning Services Department, within 15 days of recording of said Memorandum or Notice. Chapter 8 of the Administrative Code requires that the applicant must remove their public hearing advertising sign(s) after final action is taken by the Board of County Commissioners. Based on the Board's final action on this item, please remove all public hearing advertising sign(s) immediately. Page 7641 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 8 of 12 Pre-Application Meeting and Final Submittal Requirement Checklist for: A Conditional Use to be heard by the Planning Commission and Board of Zoning Appeals A Minor Conditional Use to be heard by the Office of the Hearing Examiner Chapter 3 C.1. of the Administrative Code The following Submittal Requirement Checklist is to be utilized during the Pre-Application Meeting, and at time of application submittal. At time of submittal, the checklist is to be completed and submitted with the application packet. Please provide the submittal items in the exact order listed below, with cover sheets attached to each section. Incomplete submittals will not be accepted. Requirements for Review # Of Copies Required Not Required Completed Application (download current form from County website) 1 Cover letter briefly explaining the project 1 Pre-Application Notes 1 Affidavit of Authorization, signed and notarized 1 Completed Addressing Checklist 1 Property Ownership Disclosure Form 1 Warranty Deed(s) 1 Boundary Survey 1 Conceptual Site Plan 24” X 36” plus (one 8 ½ X 11 copy) Plans showing proposed location for utilities, if required Plans for screening and buffering the use with reference as to type, dimensions, and character, if required Plans showing the proposed landscaping and provisions for trees protected by County regulations, if required Plans showing the proposed signs and lighting, including type, dimensions, and character, if required Architectural Rendering of Proposed Structure(s), if applicable 1 Current aerial photographs (available from Property Appraiser) with project boundary and, if vegetated, FLUCFCS Codes with legend included on aerial. 1 Statement of utility provisions (with all required attachments & sketches) 1 Environmental Data Requirements, pursuant to LDC section 3.08.00 1 Environmental Data Requirements collated into a single Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) at time of public hearings. Coordinate with project planner at time of public hearing. Listed Species Survey; less than 12 months old. Include copies of previous surveys. 1 Traffic Impact Study (TIS) or waiver 1 Historical and Archeological Survey, or waiver 1 Electronic copy of all documents and plans * Please advise: The Office of the Hearing Examiner requires all materials to be submitted electronically in PDF format. 1 * If located in the Bayshore/Gateway Triangle Redevelopment Area, include an additional set of each submittal requirement ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Page 7642 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 9 of 12 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PUBLIC HEARING PROCESS: x Following the completion of the review process by County review staff, the applicant shall submit all materials electronically to the designated project manager. x Please contact the project manager to confirm the number of additional copies required. Planners: Indicate if the petition needs to be routed to the following additional reviewers: Bayshore/Gateway Triangle Redevelopment: Executive Director Emergency Management: Dan Summers; and/or EMS: Artie Bay Conservancy of SWFL: Nichole Johnson GMD Graphics City of Naples: Robin Singer, Planning Director Utilities Engineering: Eric Fey Parks and Recreation: Barry Williams Immokalee Water/Sewer District: Other: School District (Residential Components): Amy Lockheart Communication Towers: Mosquito Control Collier County Airport Authority Naples Airport Authority Commercial Mining: Impact Fees Immokalee CRA Page 7643 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 10 of 12 FEE REQUIREMENTS All checks payable to: Board of County Commissioners Pre-Application Meeting: $500.00 (to be credited towards the application fee if the application is filed within 9 months of pre-application meeting) Conditional Use Application Fee: $4,000.00 o When filed with Rezone Petition: $1,500.00 o Additional fee for 5th and subsequent reviews: 20% of original fee Comprehensive Planning Consistency Review: $300.00 Environmental Data Requirements-EIS Packet (submittal determined at pre-application meeting): $2,500.00 Listed or Protected Species survey review fee (when an EIS is not required): $1,000.00 Transportation Fee, if required: o Methodology Review Fee: $500.00 o Minor Study Review Fee: $750.00 o Major Study Review Fee: $1,500.00 Estimated Legal Advertising Fee for the Hearing Examiner or CCPC: $1,125.00 Estimated Legal Advertising Fee for the BZA, if required: $500.00 Fire Code Plans Review Fees are collected at the time of application submission and those fees are set forth by the Authority having jurisdiction. The Land Development Code requires Neighborhood Notification mailers for Applications headed to hearing, and this fee is collected prior to hearing. As the authorized agent/applicant for this petition, I attest that all of the information indicated on this checklist is included in this submittal package. I understand that failure to include all necessary submittal information may result in the delay of processing this petition. All checks payable to: Board of County Commissioners. The completed application, all required submittal materials, and fees shall be submitted to: Growth Management Department ATTN: Business Center 2800 North Horseshoe Drive Naples, FL 34104 ____________________________________________ ____________ Agent/Owner Signature Date ____________________________________________ Agent/Owner Name (please print) [ y [ [ [ ǆ ǆ [ ǆ Jessica Harrelson, AICP 12/4/2023 Page 7644 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 11 of 12 Public Participation Requirements LDC Section 10.03.06 B. or C. Chapter 8 of the Administrative Code Notice for Minor Conditional Use Petitions Neighborhood Information Meeting (NIM) Requirements: Applicant must conduct a NIM at least 15 days prior to the Hearing Examiner’s receipt of the staff report and application materials in accordance with the applicable sections of the Administrative Code. The NIM shall be advertised and a mailed written notice shall be given to the property owners in the notification area at least 15 days prior to the NIM meeting. Mailed Notice: Written notice shall be sent to property owners in the notification area at least 15 days before the advertised Hearing Examiner hearing. Newspaper Advertisements: The legal advertisement shall be published at least 15 days before the advertised Hearing Examiner hearing in a newspaper of general circulation. The advertisement shall include at a minimum: x Date, time, and location of the hearing; x Description of the proposed land uses; and x 2 in. x 3 in. map of the project location. Sign: A sign shall be posted at least 15 days before the advertised Hearing Examiner hearing date. Public Hearing for Minor Conditional Use Petitions Hearing Examiner: The Hearing Examiner shall hold at least 1 advertised public hearing. See Chapter 9 of the Administrative Code for the Office of the Hearing Examiner procedures. Notice for Conditional Use Petitions Neighborhood Information Meeting (NIM) Requirements: Applicant must conduct a NIM at least 15 days prior to the advertised public hearing. The NIM shall be advertised and a mailed written notice shall be given to the property owners in the notification area at least 15 days prior to the NIM meeting. Page 7645 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 12 of 12 Mailed Notice: Written notice shall be sent to property owners in the notification area at least 15 days before the advertised public hearing. Newspaper Advertisements: The legal advertisement shall be published at least 15 days before the advertised public hearing in a newspaper of general circulation. The advertisement shall include at a minimum: x Date, time, and location of the hearing; x Description of the proposed land uses; and x 2 in. x 3 in. map of the project location. Sign: A sign shall be posted at least 15 days before the advertised public hearing date. Public Hearing for Conditional Use Petitions Environmental Advisory Committee (EAC): The EAC shall hold at least 1 advertised public hearing, if required. Collier County Planning Commission (CCPC): The CCPC shall hold at least 1 public hearing. Board of Zoning Appeals (BZA): The BZA shall hold at least 1 advertised public hearing. Page 7646 of 9661 %BWJE(FOTPO 1SFTJEFOUPG%FWFMPQNFOU Page 7647 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 Created 9/28/2017 Page 1 of 3 PROPERTY OWNERSHIP DISCLOSURE FORM This is a required form with all land use petitions, except for Appeals and Zoning Verification Letters. Should any changes of ownership or changes in contracts for purchase occur subsequent to the date of application, but prior to the date of the final public hearing, it is the responsibility of the applicant, or agent on his behalf, to submit a supplemental disclosure of interest form. Please complete the following, use additional sheets if necessary. a. If the property is owned fee simple by an INDIVIDUAL, tenancy by the entirety, tenancy in common, or joint tenancy, list all parties with an ownership interest as well as the percentage of such interest: Name and Address % of Ownership b. If the property is owned by a CORPORATION, list the officers and stockholders and the percentage of stock owned by each: Name and Address % of Ownership c. If the property is in the name of a TRUSTEE, list the beneficiaries of the trust with the percentage of interest: Name and Address % of Ownership Page 7648 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 Created 9/28/2017 Page 2 of 3 d. If the property is in the name of a GENERAL or LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, list the name of the general and/or limited partners: Name and Address % of Ownership e. If there is a CONTRACT FOR PURCHASE, with an individual or individuals, a Corporation, Trustee, or a Partnership, list the names of the contract purchasers below, including the officers, stockholders, beneficiaries, or partners: Name and Address % of Ownership Date of Contract: ___________ f. If any contingency clause or contract terms involve additional parties, list all individuals or officers, if a corporation, partnership, or trust: Name and Address g. Date subject property acquired _______________ Leased: Term of lease ____________ years /months If, Petitioner has option to buy, indicate the following: Page 7649 of 9661 Silver Strand III Partnership 100% (See Attached Information) 8/20/1990 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 Created 9/28/2017 Page 3 of 3 Date of option: _________________________ Date option terminates: __________________, or Anticipated closing date: ________________ AFFIRM PROPERTY OWNERSHIP INFORMATION Any petition required to have Property Ownership Disclosure, will not be accepted without this form. Requirements for petition types are located on the associated application form. Any change in ownership whether individually or with a Trustee, Company or other interest-holding party, must be disclosed to Collier County immediately if such change occurs prior to the petition’s final public hearing. As the authorized agent/applicant for this petition, I attest that all of the information indicated on this checklist is included in this submittal package. I understand that failure to include all necessary submittal information may result in the delay of processing this petition. The completed application, all required submittal materials, and fees shall be submitted to: Growth Management Department ATTN: Business Center 2800 North Horseshoe Drive Naples, FL 34104 ____________________________________________ ____________ Agent/Owner Signature Date ____________________________________________ Agent/Owner Name (please print) Page 7650 of 9661 Jessica Harrelson, AICP, Agent 4/5/2023 OWNERSHIP DETAIL 08/26/16SILVER STRAND III PARTNERSHIP GP Juliet C. Sproul FamilyInheritance Trust 26.228571% GP Barron G. Collier Lifetime Irrevocable Trust 26.228571% GP Michael Wells Gable 6.557143% GP Robert Blakeslee Gable 6.557143% GP Phyllis G. Alden Lifetime Irrevocable Trust 17.214286% GP Mathilde V. Currence 6.421429% GP Christopher D. Villere 4.371429% GP Lamar G. Villere 6.421429% Page 7651 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 1 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 SILVER STRAND MINE PROJECT NARRATIVE & EVALULATION CRITERIA Request The purpose of this conditional use is to permit a commercial excavation mine within the Rural Agricultural Zoning District, Mobile Home Overlay and Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay, known as the Silver Strand Mine. Pursuant to LDC Section 10.08.00, granting the conditional use request will not adversely affect the public and satisfactory provisions and arrangements have been made for the following matters: x Consistency with the Land Development Code x Consistency with the Growth Management Plan x Ingress and egress to the property, with particular reference to automotive and pedestrian safety and convenience, traffic flow and control and access in case of fire or catastrophe. x Effects on neighboring properties in relation to noise, glare, economic or odor effects x Compatibility with adjacent properties Note, a companion Variance has been submitted requesting to eliminate code required perimeter landscape buffers (VA-PL20230001067). Location: The project involves seven (7) separate parcels, collectively consisting of 3,937.88-acres, located in eastern Collier County within portions of Sections 13,14, 15, 22, 23, 24, and 27, Township 47 South and Range 29 East, (the “property”). The proposed earthmining activities have been strategically located to occur internal to the property to eliminate impacts on adjacent land uses. Refer to the Location Map prepared by Peninsula Engineering. Zoning & Future Land Use: The subject property is zoned Rural Agricultural Zoning District and Mobile Home Overlay. The majority of the property is also within the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay (A-MHO-RLSAO). The County’s Urban Designation Line bisects the subject property; consequently, the property is within two future land use designations. The northernmost portion of the property is Urban Mixed-Use District- Low Residential Subdistrict, per the Immokalee Area Master Plan Future Land Map, and the southern portion is designated Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay. Refer to the Zoning and Future Land Use Exhibits, prepared by Peninsula Engineering. Page 7652 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 2 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 LOCATION MAP Page 7653 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 3 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 ZONING EXHIBIT #1 Page 7654 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 4 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 ZONING EXHIBIT #2 Page 7655 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 5 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 FUTURE LAND USE EXHIBIT Page 7656 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 6 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 EVALUATION CRITERIA a. Describe how the project is consistent with the Collier County Land Development Code and Growth Management Plan. Include information on how the request is consistent with the applicable section or portions of the Future Land Use Element. Response: The proposed mining activities are located within the Rural Agricultural Zoning District and Mobile Home Overlay (A-MHO), and Rural Lands Stewardship Overlay (RLSAO), designated as Open Lands. Per LDC Section 2.03.01.A.1.c.1, earthmining is a permitted conditional use within the Rural Agricultural Zoning District. In addition, per LDC Section 4.08.05, Baseline Standards of the RLSAO are applied since the property is not an SSA or SRA. The request for an earthmining operation is consistent with the LDC. The County’s Urban Designation Line bisects the project; consequently, a portion of the project is designated Urban Mixed-Use District- Low Residential Subdistrict, per the Immokalee Area Master Plan Future Land Map, and the remaining of the project is designated Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay. The County’s Growth Management Plan does not limit what is allowed per the current zoning; therefore, the request is consistent with the Future Land Use Element of the GMP. The conceptual site plan and application materials identify all required elements for a conditional use, as required by the LDC and Growth Management Plan. b. Describe the existing or planned means of ingress and egress to the property and proposed structure thereon with particular reference to automotive and pedestrian safety and convenience, traffic flow and control, and access in case of fire or catastrophe. Response: The proposed development will have one direct access connection to Camp Keais Road and a potential future interconnect to SR29. Internal accessways have been designed to provide sufficient traffic flow and vehicular circulation. The development has further been designed to allow for stacking and staging of haul trucks on-site, eliminating truck staging within the public rights-of-way. c. Describe the effect the conditional use will have on neighboring properties in relation to noise, glare, economic impact, and odor. Response: The subject property has historically been used for agricultural purposes and will continue to be used for agricultural purposes outside of the proposed earthmining activities. The excavation operation will have no negative effects on neighboring properties, including noise, glare, economic impact or odor. Mining activities have been designed to provide significant setbacks from all property boundaries. The property is adjacent to undeveloped land and/or lands used for agricultural purposes along most boundaries. Setbacks and vegetation will sufficiently screen the proposed development from neighboring properties to mitigate potential impacts. Page 7657 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 7 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 d. Describe the site’s and the proposed use’s compatibility with adjacent properties and other properties in the district. Response: The proposed earthmining use has been designed to be compatible with surrounding land uses. The property is adjacent to undeveloped land and/or lands used for agricultural purposes along most boundaries. Other surrounding uses include the Immokalee Landfill to the north and residential along a slight portion of the eastern boundary and also a slight portion of the northern boundary (Seminole Trible of Florida). Significant setbacks, existing native vegetation, including WRAs and wetlands will sufficiently screen the proposed development from neighboring properties and uses to mitigate any potential impacts. A 20’ Type ‘C’ buffer will be provided adjacent to a residential use along the eastern boundary and code-required buffers will be installed within 180 days along any property boundary where an SRA, PUD or development zoned RMF-6 or greater in density is approved on adjacent property. Conditions of Approval, which include hours of operation and maximum total daily trip generation, have been incorporated to further address compatibility. e. Please provide any additional information which you may feel is relevant to this request. Response: The subject property has historically been used for agricultural purposes and the proposed use has been designed to be compatible with surrounding land uses. The earth mining activities have been strategically located internal to the property, which provides significant setbacks from all property boundaries, reducing potential impacts on adjacent properties and rights-of-way. Proximity to surrounding uses, setbacks, existing/proposed vegetation and conditions of approval address compatibility with the surrounding area. Best management practices will also be applied to minimize adverse impacts on adjacent Water Retention Areas (WRA), per the Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay. The site has been designed to be compatible with adjacent uses. FUTURE LAND USE POLICIES Policy 5.6 New developments shall be compatible with, and complementary to, the surrounding land uses, as set forth in the Land Development Code (Ordinance 04-41, adopted June 22, 2004 and effective October 18, 2004, as amended). Response: The proposed development will be compatible and complementary to surrounding land uses. The development will comply with design standards established for the Agricultural Zoning District. Proposed mining activities have been strategically located internally to the property to eliminate potential impacts on surrounding land uses and rights-of-way. Significant setbacks, vegetation, including WRAs and wetlands, along with the proposed conditions of approval address compatibility with the surrounding land uses. Page 7658 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 8 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 Policy 7.1 The County shall encourage developers and property owners to connect their properties to fronting collector and arterial roads, except where no such connection can be made without violating intersection spacing requirements of the Land Development Code. Response: The proposed development will have one direct access connection to Camp Keais and a potential future connection to SR29. Policy 7.2 The County shall encourage internal accesses or loop roads in an effort to help reduce vehicle congestion on nearby collector and arterial roads and minimize the need for traffic signals. Response: A private, internal accessway has been designed to allow the staging/stacking of haul trucks to prevent congestion along Camp Keais Road and SR 29, and has also been designed to allow for internal vehicular circulation. Policy 7.3 All new and existing developments shall be encouraged to connect their local streets and their interconnection points with adjoining neighborhoods or other developments regardless of land use type. Response: Interconnections with adjoining neighborhoods, or other developments, is not feasible due to the proposed use, adjacent uses and proximity to those uses. Policy 7.4 The County shall encourage new developments to provide walkable communities with a blend of densities, common open spaces, civic facilities and a range of housing prices and types. Response: Not applicable. The request is for an excavation mining operation. Page 7659 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 9 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 RLSAO GROUP 5 POLICIES 'ƌŽƵƉϱവWŽůŝĐŝĞƐƚŚĂƚƉƌŽƚĞĐƚǁĂƚĞƌƋƵĂůŝƚǇĂŶĚƋƵĂŶƚŝƚǇĂŶĚƚŚĞŵĂŝŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐŽĨƚŚĞŶĂƚƵƌĂůǁĂƚĞƌƌĞŐŝŵĞĂŶĚprotect listed animal and plant species and their habitats on land that is not voluntarily included in the Rural Lands Stewardship Area program. Policy 5.1: To protect water quality and quantity and maintenance of the natural water regime in areas mapped as FSAs and designated Restoration Areas as shown on the Overlay Map prior to the time that they are designated as SSAs under the Stewardship Credit Program. Residential Uses, General Conditional Uses, Earth Mining and Processing Uses, and Recreational Uses (layers 1-4) as listed in the Matrix shall be eliminated. Conditional use essential services and governmental essential services, except those necessary to serve permitted uses or for public safety, shall not be allowed in FSAs. Infrastructure necessary to serve permitted uses may be exempt from this restriction, provided that designs seek to minimize the extent of impacts to any such areas. Where practicable, directional-drilling techniques and/or previously cleared or disturbed areas shall be utilized for oil or gas extraction in FSAs in order to minimize impacts to native habitats. Asphaltic and concrete batch making plants shall be prohibited in areas mapped as HSAs. The opportunity to voluntarily participate in the Stewardship Credit Program, as well as the right to sell conservation easements or a free or lesser interest in the land, shall constitute compensation for the loss of these rights. Response: The project does not contain any lands mapped as FSA or HSA. Policy 5.2: To protect water quality and quantity and maintenance of the natural water regime and to protect listed animal and plant species and their habitats in areas mapped as FSAs, HSAs, and WRAs on the Overlay Map that are within the ACSC, all ACSC regulatory standards shall apply, including those that strictly limit non-agricultural clearing. Response: The project does not contain any lands within the ACSC. Policy 5.3: To protect water quality and quantity and maintenance of the natural water regime and to protect listed animal and plant species and their habitats in areas mapped as FSAs, HSAs, and WRAs on the Overlay Map that are not within the ACSC, if a property owner proposes to utilize such land for a non-agricultural purpose under the Baseline Standards referenced in Policy 1.5 and does not elect to use the Overlay, these Group 5 Policies, shall be incorporated into the LDC, and shall supersede any comparable existing County regulations that would otherwise apply. These regulations shall only apply to non-agricultural use of land prior to its inclusion in the Overlay system. Page 7660 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 10 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 Response: The portion of the subject property within the RLSAO is designated as Open Lands and is subject to Baseline Standards. Earth mining is a permitted conditional use within the Rural Agricultural Zoning District, per LDC Section 2.03.01.A.1.c. Policy 5.4: Collier County will coordinate with appropriate State and Federal agencies concerning the provision of wildlife crossings at locations determined to be appropriate. A map of these potential crossing locations will be initiated by (12 months of the adoption of this Ordinance), updated periodically, and shall be incorporated into community, cultural and historical, and transportation planning for the RLSA, including all SRAs described in Group 4 Policies. Response: The applicant will work with appropriate Local, State and Federal agencies concerning the provision of mitigation efforts, as appropriate and/or if necessary. Policy 5.5: For those lands that are not voluntarily included in the Rural Lands Stewardship program, non-agricultural development, excluding individual single-family residences, shall be directed away from the listed species and species of special local concern (SSLC), as defined by Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, and their habitats by complying with the following guidelines and standards. 1. A wildlife survey shall be required for all parcels when listed species or SSLC are known to inhabit biological communities similar to those existing on site or where listed species or SSLC are directly utilizing the site. The survey shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FFWCC) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) guidelines. The County shall notify the FFWCC and USFWS of the existence of any listed species or SSLC that may be discovered. Response: A wildlife survey has been conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FFWCC) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) guidelines. 2. Wildlife habitat management plans for listed species or SSLC and for those protected species identified below shall be submitted for County approval. A plan shall be required for all projects where the wildlife survey indicates listed species or SSLC are utilizing the site, or the site is capable of supporting wildlife and can be anticipated to be occupied by listed species or SSLC. These plans shall describe how the project directs incompatible land uses away from listed species and their habitats. a. Management plans shall incorporate proper techniques to protect listed species or SSLC and their habitats from negative impacts of proposed development. The most current and completed data and local, state and federal guidelines and regulations shall be utilized to prepare the required management plans. Provisions such as fencing, walls, or other obstructions shall be provided ot minimize development impacts to the wildlife and to facilitate and encourage wildlife to use wildlife corridors. Appropriate roadway Page 7661 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 11 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 crossings, underpasses and signage shall be used where roads must cross wildlife corridors. Mitigation for impacting listed species or SSLC habitat shall be considered in the management plans, as appropriate. i. The County shall consider any other techniques recommended by the USFWS and FFWCC, subject to the provision of paragraph 3 of this policy. Response: Acknowledged. ii. When listed species or SSLC are utilizing a site or indicate by evidence, such as denning, foraging, or other indications, as minimum of 40% of native vegetation on-site shall be retained, with the exception of clearing for agricultural purposes. The County shall also consider the recommendation of other agencies, subject to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this policy. Response: Acknowledged. b. Management plans shall include provisions for minimizing human and wildlife interactions. Low intensity land uses (e.g. parks, passive recreational areas, golf courses) and vegetation preservation requirements, including agriculture, shall be used to establish buffer areas between wildlife habitat areas and areas dominated by human activities. Consideration shall be given to the most current Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission guidelines and regulations on techniques to reduce human wildlife conflict. The management plans shall also require the dissemination of information to local residents, businesses and governmental services about the presence of wildlife and practices (such as appropriate waste disposal methods) that enable responsible coexistence with wildlife, while minimizing opportunities for negative interactions, such as appropriate waste disposal practices. Response: A Human-Wildlife Coexistence Plan may be prepared and submitted for the development, if necessary. c. The Management Plans shall contain a monitoring program for developments greater than 10 acres. Response: There is no on-site preserve; therefore, a monitoring program is not applicable. 3. The County shall, consistent with applicable policies of this Overlay, consider and utilize recommendations and letters of technical assistance from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and recommendations from the US Fish and Wildlife Service in issuing development orders on property containing listed species. It is recognized that these agency recommendations, on a case-by-case basis, may change the requirements contained within these wildlife protection policies and any such change shall be deemed consistent with the Growth Management Plan. Response: Acknowledged. Page 7662 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 12 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 Policy 5.6: For those lands that are not voluntarily included in the Rural Lands Stewardship program, Collier County shall direct non-agricultural land uses away from high functioning wetlands by limiting direct impacts within wetlands. A direct impact is hereby defined as the dredging or filling of a wetland or adversely changing the hydroperiod of a wetland. This Policy shall be implemented as follows: 1. There are two (2) major wetlands systems within the RLSA, Camp Keais Strand and the Okaloacoochee Slough. These two systems have been mapped and are designated as FSA’s. Policy 5.1 prohibits certain uses within the FSA’s, thus preserving and protecting the wetlands functions within those wetland systems. Response: The subject property does not contain or abut lands mapped as FSA. 2. The other significant wetlands within the RLSA are WRA’s as described in Policy 3.3. These areas are protected by existing SFWMD Environmental Resource Permits for each area. Response: Acknowledged. Best practices will be applied to minimize adverse impact on adjacent WRAs. Best practices include appropriate setbacks and open space from these lands. WRA’s will not be impacted by the proposed earth mining operation. 3. FSAs, HSAs and WRAs, as provided in Policy 5.3, and the ACSC have stringent site clearing and alteration limitations, nonpermeable surface limitations, and requirements addressing surface water flows which protect wetland functions within the wetlands in those areas. Other wetlands within the RLSA are isolated or seasonal wetlands. These wetlands will be protected based upon the wetland functionality assessment described below, and the final permitting requirements of the South Florida Water Management District. a. The County shall apply the vegetation retention, open space and site preservation requirements specified within this Overlay to preserve an appropriate amount of native vegetation on site. Wetlands shall be preserved as part of this vegetation requirement according to the following criteria: i. The acreage requirements specified within this Overlay shall be met by preserving wetlands with the highest wetland functionality scores. Wetland functionality assessment scores shall be those described in paragraph (b) of this Policy. The vegetative preservation requirements imposed by Policies 5.3 and 5.5 shall first be met through preservation of wetlands having a functionality assessment score of 0.65 or a Uniform Wetland Mitigation Assessment Method score of 0.7, or greater. The County shall apply specific criteria in the LDC to be used to determine those instances in which wetlands with a WRAP functionality assessment score of 0.65 or a Uniform Wetland Mitigation Assessment Method score of 0.7, or greater must be preserved in excess of the preservation required by Policy 5.3. Response: Acknowledged. The excavation area does not contain or impact native vegetation; therefore, no preserve is required. Page 7663 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 13 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 ii. Wetlands and contiguous upland buffers that are utilized by listed species or SSLC or serving as corridors for the movement of listed species or SSLC shall be preserved on site. Wetland flowway functions through the project shall be maintained. Response: Acknowledged. iii. Proposed development shall demonstrate that ground water table drawdowns or diversions will not adversely change the hydroperiod of preserved wetlands on or offsite. Detention and control elevations shall be set to protect surrounding wetlands and be consistent with surrounding land and project control elevations and water tables. In order to meet these requirements, projects shall be designed in accordance with Sections 4.2.2.4, 6.11 and 6.12 of SFWMD’s Basis of Review, January 2001, as amended. Upland vegetative communities may be utilized to meet the vegetative, open space and site preservation requirements of this Overlay when the wetland functional assessment score is less than 0.65. Response: Acknowledged. b. In order to assess the values and functions of wetlands at the time of project review, applicants shall rate functionality of wetlands using the South Florida Water Management District’s Wetland Rapid Assessment Procedure (WRAP), as described in Technical Publication Reg-001, dated August 1999, as amended, and or the Uniform Wetland Mitigation Assessment Method, identified as F.A.C. Chapter 62-345. The applicant shall submit to County staff agency- accepted WRAP scores, or Uniform Wetlands Mitigation Assessment scores. County staff shall review this functionality assessment as part of the County’s Environmental Data provisions and shall use the results to direct incompatible land uses away from the highest functioning wetlands according to the requirements found in paragraph 3 above. Response: Acknowledged. c. All direct impacts shall be mitigated for pursuant to the requirements of paragraph (f) of this Policy. Response: Acknowledged. d. Single family residences shall follow the requirements contained within Policy 6.2.7 of the Conservation and Coastal Management Element. Response: Acknowledged. e. The County shall separate preserved wetlands from other land uses with appropriate buffering requirements. The County shall require a minimum 50-foot vegetated upland buffer abutting a natural water body, and for other wetlands a minimum 25-foot vegetated upland buffer abutting the wetland. A Page 7664 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 14 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 structural buffer may be used in conjunction with a vegetative buffer that would reduce the vegetative buffer width by 50%. A structural buffer shall be required abutting wetlands where direct impacts are allows. Wetland buffers shall conform to the following standards: i. The buffer shall be measured landward from the approved jurisdictional line. Response: Acknowledged. ii. The buffer zone shall consist of preserved native vegetation. Where native vegetation does not exist, native vegetation compatible with the existing soils and expected hydrologic conditions shall be planted. Response: Acknowledged. iii. The buffer shall be maintained free of Category I invasive exotic plants, as defined by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. Response: Acknowledged. iv. The following land uses are considered to be compatible with wetland functions and are allowed within the buffer: (1) Passive recreational areas, boardwalks and recreational shelters; (2) Pervious nature trails; (3) Water management structures; (4) Mitigation areas; (5) Any other conservation and related open space activity or use which is comparable in nature with the foregoing uses. Response: Acknowledged. v. A structural buffer may consist of a stem-wall, berm, or vegetative hedge with suitable fencing. Response: Acknowledged. f. Mitigation shall be required for direct impacts to wetland in order to result in no net loss of wetland functions. Mitigation Requirements: i. “No net loss of wetland functions” shall mean that the wetland functional score of the proposed mitigation equals or exceeds the wetland functional score of the impacted wetlands. Priority shall be given to mitigation within FSA’s and HSA’s. Page 7665 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 15 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 Response: Acknowledged. ii. Loss of storage or conveyance volume resulting from direct impacts to wetlands shall be compensated for by providing an equal amount of storage or conveyance capacity on site and within or abutting the impacted wetland. Response: Acknowledged. iii. Protection shall be provided for preserved or created wetland or upland vegetative communities offered as mitigation by placing a conservation easement over the land in perpetuity, providing for initial exotic plant removal (Class I invasive exotic plants defined by the Florida Exotic Plan Council) and continuing exotic plant maintenance, or by appropriate ownership transfer to a state or federal agency along with sufficient funding for perpetual management activities. Response: Acknowledged. iv. Exotics removal or maintenance may be considered acceptable mitigation. Response: Acknowledged. v. Prior to issuance of any final development order that authorizes site alteration, the applicant shall demonstrate compliance with paragraphs (f) i, ii, and iii of this Policy and SFWMD standards. If agency permits have not provided mitigation consistent with this Policy, Collier County will require mitigation exceeding that of the jurisdictional agencies. Response: Acknowledged. g. Wetland preservation, buffer areas, and mitigation areas shall be identified or platted as separate tracts. In the case of a Planned Unit Development (PUD), these areas shall also be depicted on the PUD Master Plan. These areas shall be maintained free from trash and debris and from Category I invasive exotic plants, as defined by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. Land uses allowed in these areas shall be limited to those listed above (3.e.iv.) and shall not include any other activities that are detrimental to drainage, flood, control, water conservation, erosion control or fish and wildlife habitat conservation and preservation. Response: Acknowledged. Page 7666 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 16 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 4. All landowners shall be encouraged to consider participating in any programs that provide incentives, funding or other assistance in facilitating wetland habitat restoration on private lands, including, but not limited to, federal farm bill agricultural conservation programs, private or public grants, tax incentives, easements, and fee or less than fee sale to conservation programs. Response: Acknowledged. Policy 5.7 Any development not participating in the RLS Program shall be compatible with surrounding land uses. Within one year of the effective date of this Policy, LDC regulations shall be implemented for outdoor lighting to protect the nighttime environment, conserve energy and enhance safety and security. Response: Acknowledged. CONSERVATION AND COASTAL MANAGEMENT ELEMENT CCME Policy 6.1.1 For the County’s Urban Designated Area, Estates Designated Area, Conservation Designated Area, and Agricultural/Rural Mixed Use District, Rural-Industrial District and Rural-Settlement Area District as designated on the FLUM, native vegetation shall be preserved through the application of the following minimum preservation and vegetation retention standards and criteria, unless the development occurs within the Area of Critical State Concern (ACSC) where the ACSC standards referenced in the Future Land Use Element shall apply. Notwithstanding the ACSC requirements, this Policy shall apply to all non-agricultural development except for single-family dwelling units situated on individual parcels that are not located within a watershed management conservation area identified in a Watershed Management Plan developed pursuant to Policies supporting Objective 2.1 of this Element. For properties not previously within the Coastal High Hazard Area but now within the Coastal High Hazard Area due to adoption of a revised Coastal High Hazard Area boundary in 2013, the native vegetation preservation and retention standards of the Non-Coastal High Hazard Area shall continue to apply. (Reference the Coastal High Hazard Area Comparison Map in the Future Land Use Element.) Response: No native habitat exists on site, so per LDC guidance, no native habitat is proposed to be preserved. Therefore, the project is consistent with CCME Policy 6.1.1. CCME Objective 7.1 Direct incompatible land uses away from listed animal species and their habitats. (The County relies on the listing process of State and Federal agencies to identify species that require special protection because of their endangered, threatened, or species of special concern status. Listed animal species are those species that the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission has designated as endangered, threatened, or species of Page 7667 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 September 12, 2024 17 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 special concern, in accordance with Rules 68A-27.003, 68A-27.004, and 68A-27.005, F.A.C. and those species designated by various federal agencies as Endangered and Threatened species published in 50 CFR 17.) Response: Potential impact to state listed species will be addressed through consultation with FWC, and potential impact to federal listed species will be addressed through Technical Assistance with FWS, the proposed project is consistent with CCME Policy 7.1. Page 7668 of 9661 ¯010.5MilesSILVER STRAND MINEEAST OF IMMOKALEE RD, WEST OF SR 29LOCATION MAPC:\Users\jharrelson\Desktop\NAPLES BOAT YARD\2024-08-26-Location-Map.mxdDate Saved: 9/12/2024 PROJECT:NOTES:EXHIBIT DESC:2600 Golden Gate ParkwayNaples, FL 34105CLIENT:LOCATION:SOURCES: COLLIER COUNTY GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (2024)LegendSilver Strand Parternship Property BoundaryExcavation Area: +/-204-acresUrban BoundaryWRAIngress/EgressSILVER STRAND III PARTNERSHIPHaul RoadHaul RoadHaul RoadPontential FutureSR 29 ConnectionOne-StoryScalehousePotential FutureOne-Story ScalehouseIngress/EgressPotential Future Haul RoadSR29SR29Immokalee RDURBAN DESIGNATION LINEURBAN DESIGNATION LINECamp Keais DEquipment & StagingStockade RDPage 7669 of 9661 ZONING: A-MHOLAND USE: RESIDENTIALZONING: GARDEN WALK VILLAGE PUDLAND USE: UNDEVELOPEDZONING: A-MHOLAND USE: COLLIER COUNTY SOLID &HAZARDOUS WASTEZONING: A-MHOLAND USE: AGRICULTURALZONING: A-MHO RLSAOLAND USE: AGRICULTURALCAMP KEAIS RDIMMOKALEE RDIMMOKALEE RDS.R. 29ZONING: A-MHO RLSAOLAND USE: AGRICULTURALINTERNAL ACCESS DRIVE(TYP)PIT OFFICES AND SCALEHOUSE(SEE SHEET 03)POTENTIAL FUTURE PITOFFICES AND SCALEHOUSE(SEE SHEET 03)ZONING: A-MHOLAND USE:RESIDENTIALZONING: A-MHOLAND USE:UNDEVELOPEDWRAWRAWRAINGRESS/EGRESS TOCAMP KEAIS RDPOTENTIAL FUTURECONNECTION TO SR29200± LF 20' TYPE 'C'LANDSCAPE BUFFERSUBJECT TOCONDITION #21QUARRY LAKEAREA = 204.1 (AC)OUTDOOR STORAGE/ EQUIPMENT/MININGOPERATIONSTIRE WASHCODE - REQUIRED BUFFER,SUBJECT TO CONDITION #20CODE - REQUIRED BUFFER,SUBJECT TO CONDITION #20805± LF 20' TYPE 'C'LANDSCAPE BUFFER(SEE NOTE #3)1,228± LF 10' TYPE 'A'LANDSCAPE BUFFER(SEE NOTE #3)••••••CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 8/11/2025 1:36:53 PM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:38:58 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-1.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINECONCEPTUAL SITEPLANSILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251' = 3000'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-1.dwgX17-101 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE: 1' = 3000'LEGEND:PROPERTY BOUNDARYW.R.A.LAKE (QUARRYEXCAVATION AREA)EXTERNAL ACCESSPROJECT BOUNDARYPage 7670 of 9661 • • • • • • CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:49:17 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:02 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-2.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINENOTESSILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 2025N/AP-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-2.dwgX17-202 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SITE DATA:TOTAL SITE AREA: 3,937.88 ACRESCURRENT ZONING: A-MHO-RLSAO AND A-MHOCURRENT LAND USE: AGRICULTURALFUTURE LAND USE: AGRICULTURAL RURAL MIXED-USE DISTRICT RLSAO (SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE PROPERTY) URBAN MIXED USE DISTRICT-LOW RESIDENTIAL SUBDISTRICT (NORTHERN PORTION OF THE PROPERTY)GENERAL NOTES:1. THIS PLAN IS CONCEPTUAL IN NATURE AND SUBJECT TOMODIFICATIONS.2. RETAINED NATIVE VEGETATION MAY BE USED TO SATISFYLANDSCAPE BUFFER REQUIREMENTS AFTER EXOTIC VEGETATIONREMOVAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH LDC SECTION 4.06.02 AND4.06.05.E.1. SUPPLEMENTAL PLANTINGS WITH NATIVE PLANTMATERIALS SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH LDC 3.05.07.3. EXISTING VEGETATION TO BE RETAINED SATISFIES BUFFERREQUIREMENTS. SHOULD THE EXISTING VEGETATION BEREMOVED OR DESTROYED, SUPPLEMENTAL PLANTINGS WILL BEPROVIDED AS NECESSARY TO MEET BUFFER REQUIREMENTS.PRESERVE:PER LDC SECTION 3.05.07.B.2, THE SITE DOES NOT REQUIRE A PRESERVE AREA.OPEN SPACE:*MINIMUM OPEN SPACE REQUIRED AND PROVIDED = 30%Page 7671 of 9661 SCALE (BY OTHERS)FUTURE SCALEHOUSE (650± SF)PROPOSED PITOFFICES ANDSCALE HOUSEDUMP TRUCK STACKINGAPPROX. 5,000± LFTO CAMP KEAIS RD• • • • • • CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:49:08 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:08 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-3.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINEPIT OFFICE ANDSCALE HOUSESILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251" = 100'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-3.dwgX17-303 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE:1" = 100'ZONINGCURRENT ZONING: A-MHO-RLSAO AND A-MHOCURRENT LAND USE: VACANT / AGRICULTURALBUILDING SETBACKSMIN. FRONT AND REAR YARDS: 50'MIN. SIDE YARD: 30'EXCAVATION: 50'PARKING CALCULATIONSL.D.C. 4.05.04OFFICE/SCALEHOUSE: 1 PER 300 SFHANDICAPPED: 1 SPACE PER 25REGULAR SPACES1 PER 300 SF @ 650 SF = 3 REQUIRED PARKING SPACESPROVIDED: 4 PARKING SPACES(INCLUDES 1 ADA SPACES)PROJECTBOUNDARY(TYP)Page 7672 of 9661 PROJECT BOUNDARY(TYP)PROPOSED LAKE(QUARRY EXCAVATION AREA)(AREA = 204.1 AC.)OUTDOOR STORAGE / EQUIPMENT /MINING OPERATIONSEXCAVATIONLIMITS (TYP)INTERNALACCESS DRIVEWRAWRA••••••CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:55:53 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:13 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-4.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINEEXCAVATION AREASILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251" = 600'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-4.dwgX17-404 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE: 1" = 600'ZONINGCURRENT ZONING: A-MHO-RLSAO AND A-MHOCURRENT LAND USE: VACANT / AGRICULTURALBUILDING SETBACKSMIN. SIDE, REAR AND ABUTTING PROPERTY LINES: 50'MIN. FROM ABUTTING RESIDENTIAL: 100'MIN. FROM PRIVATE ACCESS ESMT: 50'MIN. SIDE YARD: 30'EXCAVATION: 50'Page 7673 of 9661 TIRE WASH(BY OTHERS)PROPOSED 30'±PAVEMENTPROJECT BOUNDARY(TYP)CAMP KEAIS ROADPROPERTY BOUNDARY(TYP)300'±NOTE:FINAL COMPONENTS ANDCONFIGURATION OF TIRE WASH TO BEDETERMINED BY THE MINE OPERATOR.EXISTING COUNTY(PUBLIC) R.O.W.383'±• • • • • • CLIENT:TITLE:PROJECT:Sheet Number: ofFile Name:Project Number:Drawing Scale:Date:Drawn by:Designed by:SEC: RGE:TWP:[Save Date: 7/21/2025 11:51:38 AM] [By: AAvila] [Plot Date: 8/11/2025 1:39:19 PM] [By: Alejandro Avila] [Original Size: 8.5X11] [Path: P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Drawings-Civil\C00-Exhibits\X17-ConditionalUse\Sheet_Files\P-SS03-001-001-X17-5.dwg]Sheet ID:Florida Engineering C.A #28275Florida Landscape C.A #LC26000632SILVER STRANDMINETIRE WASHSILVER STRAND III, LLC.JOHN ENGLISH, P.E.JASON LIGHTELLAUGUST 20251" = 100'P-SS03-001-001P-SS03-001-001-X17-5.dwgX17-505 0514, 15 47S 29EREVISIONS:No: Revision: Date:Pen-Eng.com2600 Golden Gate PkwyNaples, FL 34105SCALE: 1" = 100'Page 7674 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 August 18, 2025 1 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 SILVER STRAND MINE CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL 1. The Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use shall be limited to what is depicted on the Conceptual Site Plan, dated August 2025, and prepared by Peninsula Engineering. 2. Minor changes in the location and siting of buildings, structures, and improvements authorized by this conditional use may be approved administratively at the time of application for SDP/SDPA or subdivision plat. 3. Prior to any vehicular use of the site, the owner shall post two (2) signs along the entry drive, clearly visible to vehicles entering and leaving the site, providing information regarding potential panther presence and notifying drivers of the need to use caution. Sign wording, placement and size will be subject to review and approval by Collier County Environmental Staff. The owner shall submit, and receive approval of, the proposed signage plan in conjunction with the first to occur of either the Site Development Plan process or other local development order as may be required which may allow vehicular use of the site. 4. Evidence of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) accepted mitigation for impacts to panthers, woodstorks, Florida black bear and other listed species will be required prior to the pre-construction meeting with Staff. 5. A littoral shelf planting area to commence during the reclamation phase of the project shall be shown on the excavation permit for this conditional use and shall meet the current standards of the Land Development Code at the time of submittal of the Commercial Excavation Permit. 6. The owner/petitioner shall obtain a South Florida Water Management District Agricultural Surface Water Management Permit or permit modification for this site, if applicable. 7. The maximum total daily trip generation for the CU shall not exceed 162 two-way PM peak hour net trips based on the use codes in the ITE Manual on trip generation rates in effect at the time of application for SDP/SDPA or excavation permit approval, whichever occurs first. The maximum number of one-way trucks per day (maximum one-way loads per day) is 430. 8. Pursuant to Section 125.022(5) F.S., issuance of a development permit by a County does not in any way create any rights on the part of the applicant to obtain a permit from a state or federal agency and does not create any liability on the part of the County for issuance of the permit if the applicant fails to obtain requisite approvals for fulfill the obligations imposed by a state or federal agency or undertakes actions that result in a violation of state or federal law. Page 7675 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 August 18, 2025 2 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 9. Mining operations are permitted between 6:30 am and 5:00 pm Monday through Friday, and between 7:00 am and 3:00 pm on Saturday. 10. The Owner/Petitioner shall be responsible for all maintenance of the internal haul roadways and the connection to Camp Keais Road for the duration of the mining operation. The area surrounding and between the tire-wash system and the Camp Keais Road access shall be paved consistent with the weigh stations shown on the master plan and/or be a minimum of 22 feet in width and a depth of 1.5 inches of asphalt or asphalt millings with minimum LDC required base. A Dust Control Plan, for Silver Strand Mine shall be submitted with the Excavation Permit. The tire wash system shall be installed to wash dust from the wheels and underbody of all haul trucks exiting the facility. This system will direct water under pressure at the wheels and the underside of each vehicle as it passes through. There is no paving required on-site past the tire-wash system, except that required handicapped spaces shall be ADA- compliant. This condition shall also apply to any potential future access on SR 29. 11. Haul trucks will not be permitted to park or stage along public rights-of-way. Applicant may allow haul trucks to stage or park on the project’s internal roadway prior to 6:30 a.m. 12. Upon completion of excavation activities, all buildings, equipment, and berms shall be removed within six months, or used in the reclamation process or for agricultural purposes. 13. The BZA may revoke the approval of this Conditional Use if the Collier County Code Enforcement Board finds that the mine operator has violated or has not fully complied with all conditions of approval including completion of improvements indicated on the Conditional Use Master Plan and the mine operator has failed to remedy the violation or come into compliance within the time period established by the Code Enforcement Board. 14. The mining operations shall be conducted in compliance with the laws of the State of Florida, Collier County Government, and the Federal Government. 15. The lifespan of the mine is 20 years from the date of Conditional Use approval by the Board of County Commissioners. 16. Adequate utility, access roads, drainage, and other necessary facilities shall continue to be maintained. 17. Each year, the owner shall provide a report to the Collier County Transportation Management Services Department, which will include the condition of the roadways adjacent to the property entrance(s), accident reports, and average daily and peak hour vehicle trips entering and exiting the earth mine. Page 7676 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine CU-PL20220001634 August 18, 2025 3 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 18. An approved indigo snake plan is required to be implemented prior to the beginning of any construction, including site clearing. The name and contact information of a qualified biologist who will monitor work shall be supplied to Environmental Services Department staff at the pre-construction meeting or prior to excavation permit approval, whichever is first. 19. An updated listed species survey, less than 6 months old, is required for areas to be excavated prior to the pre-construction meeting with Staff. As required by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Technical Assistance, follow-up pedestrian surveys of each new mining block will be conducted between 60 and 180 days prior to the commencement of any mining-related activity through the life of the project. The applicant shall submit a copy of these surveys to the Development Review Division Director. 20. The Owner will install a LDC required buffer within 180 days along any property boundary where an SRA, PUD, rezone, or other residential development has been approved on an adjacent property, unless development on the adjacent property includes the construction of a perimeter berm that is a minimum of 7’ in height, as measured from Finished Floor Elevation of the adjacent site. 21. The Owner will install 200 LF of a 20’ Type ‘C’ buffer adjacent to the abutting residential parcel along the eastern property boundary. This buffer will wrap the corner of the subject property line, providing 100 LF on each side. Refer to the conceptual site plan prepared by Peninsula Engineering. 22. The maximum allowable depth of the excavation shall be 58’. Page 7677 of 9661 Page 7678 of 9661 Page 7679 of 9661 Page 7680 of 9661 Page 7681 of 9661 Page 7682 of 9661 Page 7683 of 9661 Page 7684 of 9661 C5L14N0°17'33"W 2088.76C7C6L15L10C2L11C3L12C4L13N0°15'34"W 2601.35N0°07'26"W 3944.99N89°17'35"E1202.62L6L7L8L9C1N0°15'32"W 4936.51PARCEL 1(SEC. 15)PARCEL 2(SEC. 14)PARCEL 3(SEC. 13)PARCEL 4(SEC. 24)PARCEL 5(SEC. 23)PARCEL 6PARCEL 6(SEC.22)PARCEL 7(SEC. 27)27 2634 3522 2327 2623 2426 2524 1925 3014 1323 2415 1422 239 1016 1510 1115 1412 713 182128 27SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 3SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 3SHEET 3SHEET 5SHEET 4SHEET 2SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 5SHEET 2SHEET 3P.O.C.NORTHWEST CORNER OFSECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.P.O.B.(PARCEL A)L2W. LINESEC. 15(B.O.B.) L1POINT (A)11 1214 1328 2733 3413 1824 1916 1521 22STOCKADE RD.RANCH ONE RD.CAMP KEAIS RD.IMMOKALEERD.STATE RD. 29 S.P.O.B.(PARCEL B)L5L4L3O.R.962,PG.1289(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)O.R.941PG.521O.R.2493PG.2779O.R.941PG.521O.R.4322PG.1377O.R.1579PG.1732O.R.4322PG.1377O.R.1579PG.1732L16(D) 100'O.R.4322PG.1347S0°08'45"E 1319.97N89°32'49"E 2030.52N0°06'39"W 2656.84N89°04'02"E 2035.44N89°38'49"E 2587.12N89°38'42"E 2331.62S44°58'17"E 2419.10S44°59'05"E 2800.04S44°59'05"E 2023.22S0°31'11"E 2301.77S0°38'38"E 2631.42S89°44'23"W 2614.52S89°44'08"W 2613.84S89°34'23"W 2672.75S89°38'46"W 2671.33S0°04'00"W 5379.12S89°06'34"W 2674.38S89°09'03"W 2587.98OVERALL 4823.26LINE TABLELINE #L1L2L3L4L5L6L7L8LENGTH1314.26150.003945.172681.53150.00730.20680.17729.89BEARINGS0°07'26"EN89°52'34"ES0°07'26"ES0°15'34"EN89°44'26"ES44°59'18"WS44°58'03"EN45°00'39"ECURVE TABLECURVE #C1C2C3C4C5C6C7LENGTH403.88533.72584.69848.23722.57529.01151.51RADIUS3787.51760.00840.00540.00460.00760.00840.00DELTA6°06'35"40°14'11"39°52'53"89°59'58"90°00'00"39°52'53"10°20'04"CHORD BEARINGN2°47'45"EN19°49'24"EN20°00'03"EN44°56'23"WS44°56'24"ES20°00'03"WS34°46'27"WCHORD LENGTH403.69522.82572.96763.68650.54518.39151.31LINE TABLELINE #L9L10L11L12L13L14L15L16LENGTH91.7460.69543.45600.00164.71164.27600.00543.45BEARINGN5°51'03"EN0°17'42"WN39°56'29"EN0°03'36"EN89°56'24"WS89°56'24"ES0°03'36"WS39°56'29"WOFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:08:52 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 1000'N.T.S.P-023/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg1PENINSULA ENGINEERING6GENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.LEGEND:A.E. = ACCESS EASEMENTBM = BENCHMARKC/L = CENTERLINEC.C.R. = LABINS CERTIFIED CORNER RECORD FILE NUMBERC.U.E. = COUNTY UTILITY EASEMENTD.E. = DRAINAGE EASEMENTEL. & ELEV. = ELEVATIONF.P.L. = FLORIDA POWER & LIGHTO.R. = OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOKP.B. = PLAT BOOKPG. = PAGEP.U.E. = PUBLIC UTILITY EASEMENTR.O.W. = RIGHT-OF-WAYP = PLAT, M = MEASURED, C = CALCULATED, D = DEED(S.I.P.)SET 5/8" IRON PIN & CAP STAMPED LB-8479(F.I.P.) FOUND IRON PIN & CAP STAMPED AS SHOWN(F.C.M.) FOUND CONCRETE MONUMENT(F.N.D.) FOUND PK NAIL & DISK STAMPED(PK) = PARKER KYLON NAILMAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24,AND 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEY OF PART OF SECTIONS 13,14, 15, 22, 23, 24, AND 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.PREPARED FOR: PENINSULA ENGINEERINGPENINSULA ENGINEERING2600 GOLDEN GATE PARKWAYNAPLES, FLORIDA 34105PHONE: 239.403.6700 FAX: 239.261.1797EMAIL: INFO@PEN-ENG.COMWEBSITE: WWW.PEN-ENG.COM_____________________________________________LANCE T MILLERPROFESSIONAL SURVEYOR AND MAPPER, #LS5627NOVEMBER 27TH, 2023DATECERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATION #LB- 8479NOT VALID WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE AND THEORIGINAL RAISED SEAL OR DIGITAL SEAL OF AFLORIDA LICENSED SURVEYOR AND MAPPER.NO OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY MAY RELY UPON THISEXHIBIT.THIS EXHIBIT IS ONLY FOR THE LANDS AS DESCRIBED.IT IS NOT A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, ZONING,EASEMENTS OR FREEDOM OF ENCUMBRANCES.SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPLEGAL DESCRIPTIONPARCEL 1ALL OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS THE WEST 50' FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS THOSE LANDSDESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1347, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.941, PG.521, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 2ALL OF SECTION 14, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY, COLLIERCOUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 3ALL OF SECTION 13, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LYING SOUTH AND WEST OF ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY AND S.R.29RIGHT-OF-WAY, , LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.17, PG.453, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 4ALL OF SECTION 24, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS S.R.29 RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS ACL RIGHT-OF-WAY, COLLIERCOUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 5ALL OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 6ALL OF SECTION 22, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS THE WEST 50' FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY, LESS CAMP KEAIS ROAD ASDESCRIBED IN O.R.1579, PG.1732 AND O.R.4322, PG.1377, LESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1347, LESS THOSELANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1354, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAPARCEL 7ALL OF SECTION 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, LESS CAMP KEAIS ROAD AS DESCRIBED IN O.R.1579, PG.1732 ANDLESS THOSE LANDS DESCRIBED IN O.R.4322, PG.1377, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAALL SAID LANDS BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS:PARCEL (A)COMMENCING AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID SECTION 15 SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST 1,314.26 TO A POINT HEREINAFTER TO BE KNOWN AS POINT (A);THENCE LEAVING SAID WEST LINE NORTH 89°52'34" EAST 150.00 FEET TO A POINT ON THE SOUTH LINE OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF THENORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 15 AND BEING THE POINT OF BEGINNING;THENCE ALONG SAID SOUTH LINE NORTH 89°17'35" EAST 1,202.62 FEET TO SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF THENORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 15;THENCE ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF A PARCEL OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 941, PAGE 521, OF THE PUBLICRECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA FOR THE FOLLOWING THREE (3) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. SOUTH 00°08'45" EAST 1,319.97 FEET;2. NORTH 89°32'49" EAST 2,030.52 FEET;3. NORTH 00°06'39" WEST 2,656.84 FEET TO A POINT ON THE NORTH LINE OF SAID SECTION 15;THENCE ALONG SAID NORTH LINE NORTH 89°04'02" EAST 2,035.44 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF SECTION 14, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH,RANGE 29 EAST;THENCE ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF THE NORTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 14 NORTH 89°38'49" EAST 2,587.12 FEET TO THE NORTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 14;THENCE ALONG THE NORTH LINE OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 14 NORTH 89°38'42" EAST 2,331.62 FEET TO A POINT ON THESOUTHWEST RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF STATE ROAD 29 SOUTH;THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE SOUTH 44°58'17" EAST 2,419.10 FEET TO THE NORTH CORNER OF A PARCEL OF LAND ASDESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 962, PAGE 1289, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE BOUNDARY OF SAID PARCEL OF LAND FOR THE FOLLOWING THREE (3) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. SOUTH 44°59'18" WEST 730.20 FEET;2. SOUTH 44°58'03" EAST 680.17 FEET;3. NORTH 45°00'39" EAST 729.89 FEET TO A POINT ON SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE;THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY SOUTH 44°59'05" EAST 4823.26 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION24, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE SOUTH 00°31'11" EAST 2,301.77 FEET TO THE EAST 1/4 CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24;THENCE ALONG THE EAST LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 00°38'38" EAST 2,631.42 FEET TO THE SOUTHEASTCORNER OF SAID SECTION 24;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 89°44'23" WEST 2,614.52 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 24;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 24 SOUTH 89°44'08" WEST 2,613.84 FEET TO THE SOUTHEASTCORNER OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 23 SOUTH 89°34'23" WEST 2,672.75 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 23;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 23 SOUTH 89°38'46" WEST 2,671.33 FEET TO THE NORTHEASTCORNER OF SECTION 27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 00°04'00" WEST 5,379.12 FEET TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 27;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHEAST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 89°06'34" WEST 2,674.38 FEET TO THE SOUTH 1/4CORNER OF SAID SECTION 27;THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SAID SECTION 27 SOUTH 89°09'03" WEST 2,587.98 FEET TO A POINT ON THEEAST LINE OF AN 80-FOOT-WIDE RIGHT-OF-WAY KNOWN AS CAMP KEAIS ROAD, AS RECORDED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 1579, PAGE17323, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG SAID RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR THE FOLLOWING TEN (10) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. NORTH 05°51'03" EAST 91.74 FEET;2. 403.88 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 3,787.51 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 06°06'35" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 02°47'45" EAST 403.69 FEET;3. NORTH 00°15'32" WEST 4,936.51 FEET;4. NORTH 00°17'42" WEST 60.69 FEET;5. 533.72 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE EAST HAVING A RADIUS OF 760.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLEOF 40°14'11" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 19°49'24" EAST 522.82 FEET;6. NORTH 39°56'29" EAST 543.45 FEET;7. 584.69 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 840.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLEOF 39°52'53" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 20°00'03" EAST 572.96 FEET;8. NORTH 00°03'36" EAST 600.00 FEET;9. 848.23 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHWEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 540.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 89°59'58" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS NORTH 44°56'23" WEST 763.68 FEET; 10. ALONG A LINE NON-TANGENT TO SAID CURVE, NORTH 89°56'24" WEST, A DISTANCE OF 164.71 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EAST LINE OF A 100-FOOT-WIDE STRIP OF LAND AS DESCRIBED IN OFFICIAL RECORDS BOOK 4322, PAGE 1347, OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG SAID PARCEL OF LAND FOR THE FOLLOWING TWO (2) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. NORTH 00°15'34" WEST 2,601.35 FEET;2. NORTH 00°07'26" WEST 3,944.99 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING.CONTAINING: 3,914.91 ACRES, MORE OR LESS.ALONG WITHPARCEL (B)COMMENCING AT THE AFOREMENTIONED POINT (A);THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED SECTION 15 SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST 3,945.17 FEET TO THE NORTHWEST CORNEROF SECTION 22, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA;THENCE ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID SECTION 22 SOUTH 00°15'34" EAST 2,681.53 FEET;THENCE LEAVING SAID WEST LINE NORTH 89°44'26" EAST 150.00 FEET TO A POINT ON THE AFOREMENTIONED CAMP KEAIS ROAD AND BEINGTHE POINT OF BEGINNING;THENCE ALONG THE WEST BOUNDARY OF CAMP KEAIS ROAD FOR THE FOLLOWING SIX (6) DESCRIBED COURSES:1. SOUTH 89°56'24" EAST 164.27 FEET;2. 722.57 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHWEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 460.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 90°00'00" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 44°56'24" EAST 650.54 FEET;3. SOUTH 00°03'36" WEST 600.00 FEET;4. 529.01 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE WEST HAVING A RADIUS OF 760.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRAL ANGLEOF 39°52'53" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 20°00'03" WEST 518.39 FEET;5. SOUTH 39°56'29" WEST 543.45 FEET;6. 151.51 FEET ALONG THE ARC OF A CIRCULAR CURVE CONCAVE SOUTHEAST HAVING A RADIUS OF 840.00 FEET THROUGH A CENTRALANGLE OF 10°20'04" AND BEING SUBTENDED BY A CHORD WHICH BEARS SOUTH 34°46'27" WEST 151.31 FEET TO A POINT ON THE EASTLINE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED 100-FOOT-WIDE STRIP OF LAND;THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE ALONG A LINE NON-TANGENT TO SAID CURVE, NORTH 00°17'33" WEST, A DISTANCE OF 2,088.76 FEET TO THEPOINT OF BEGINNING.CONTAINING: 22.97 ACRES, MORE OR LESS.NET AREA: 3937.88 ACRES MORE OR LESSSCALE:1" = 1000'0SCALE IN FEET20001000SURVEYORS NOTES:xA SURVEY OF THE DESCRIBED LANDS WASCONDUCTED BY AMS ENGINEERING &ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. ON OCTOBER 1ST, 2003,INDICATING FOUND MONUMENTATION ALONGSAID BOUNDARY. UPON OUR RECOVERY OF SAIDBOUNDARY THERE ARE NUMEROUSDISCREPANCIES BETWEEN THE MEASUREDDISTANCES NOTED ON THE AMS SURVEY ANDTHE EXISTING FOUND MONUMENTATION. THESEDISCREPANCIES INCLUDE RECOVERED ORIGINALCOLLIER MONUMENTS AND MONUMENTSRECORDED AS CERTIFIED CORNER WITH LABINS.xAN (AMS) MEASURED DISTANCE IS NOTED ON ALLLEGS OF THE BOUNDARY THAT HAVE ADISCREPANCY EXCEEDING 0.20' FROM THEEXISTING RECOVERED BOUNDARY CORNERS.(SEE SHEETS 2, 3, 4, & 5 FOR THESE NOTES)Page 7685 of 9661 N0°07'26"W 3944.99N89°17'35"E1202.62(M) N0°06'39"W 2656.84(D) S4°09'26"E 2651.27N89°04'02"E 2035.44 N. LINE OF THE N.E. 1/4 SEC. 15(M) N89°38'49"E 2587.12 N. LINE OF THE N.W. 1/4 SEC. 14(AMS) 2586.52 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 2SHEET 2SHEET 2SHEET 3COLLIER COUNTYO.R.941, PG.521(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)BCP LLLPN.W. 1/4 OF THEN.W. 1/4 OF SEC. 15,O.R.2493, PG.2779(NOT PART OF THISSURVEY)COLLIER COUNTYO.R.941, PG.521(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)SEMINOLE TRIBEO.R.1479, PG.976BCP LLLPO.R.2493, PG.2779IMMOKALEE ROAD (100' R.O.W.)S89°52'34"W 150.00N0°07'26"W 1314.26FOUND CONCRETE MONUMENT ATEAST RIGHT OF WAY LINE OFIMMOKALEE ROAD 0.03' WEST.SETFOUNDFOUNDFOUNDFOUNDIRON PINFOUNDE. LINE SEC.15, T.47S., R.29E.W. LINE SEC.14, T.47S., R.29E.UNPLATTED(SEC. 15)UNPLATTED(N.W. 1/4 SEC. 14)UNPLATTED(S.W. 1/4 SEC. 14)POINT AP.O.C.NORTHWEST CORNER OFSECTION 15 TOWNSHIP 47SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDAFOUND IRON RODIN CENTERLINE OFIMMOKALEE ROAD30' ACCESS EASEMENT (O.R.941, PG.521) (STOCKADE ROAD)END OFEASEMENTC.C.R.116015CONCRETEMONUMENTS0°37'10"W 2704.00S0°11'26"E 2628.83N89°25'08"E 2661.33N89°59'43"E 2696.54C.C.R.115724L.B.7917S89°51'19"W 5237.38 S. LINE SEC. 15S89°48'30"W150.00C.C.R.083010NAIL(D) N85°00'00"E 676.83(M) N89°06'25"E 676.70S0°05'22"E 1320.65N. 1/4 CORNER SEC. 15FOUNDFOUNDIRON PIN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 659.2'83.5'132.5'132.3'83.7'671.7'75.7'63.7'FARMBUILDINGS15 1422 23SETN0°07'26"W 5259.44(D) 100'O.R.4322PG.134710 1115 14(M) S89°18'51"W 751.14STAMPEDCECOVERHEAD UTILITY LINES(M) N89°32'49"E 2030.52(D) S85°26'40"W 2030.60(D) N4°09'04"W 1320.73(M) S0°08'45"E 1319.97OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:01:34 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-023/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg2PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPSCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET300600GENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 7686 of 9661 L6L7L8SHEET 3SHEET 4SHEET 3SHEET 3SHEET 2SHEET 3FOUNDSETFOUNDSETFOUNDPIN & CAPSTAMPED AMSFOUNDFOUNDPIN & CAPNO I.D.13 1824 1914 1323 2412 713 18C.C.R.116412C.C.R.115811PIN & CAPL.B.7917C.C.R.115722C.C.R.115723PIN & CAPL.B.7917C.C.R.116411UNPLATTED(N.E. 1/4 SEC. 14)UNPLATTED(S.E. 1/4 SEC. 14)UNPLATTED(N.W. 1/4 SEC. 13)UNPLATTED(S.W. 1/4 SEC. 13)UNPLATTED(S.E. 1/4 SEC. 13)(AMS) 2328.84(C&M) N89°38'42"E 2331.62 N. LINE OF THE N.E. 1/4 SEC. 14(AMS) 2421.88(C&M) S44°58'17"E 2419.10S.W. R.O.W. LINES44°59'05"E 2800.04S.W. R.O.W. LINES44°59'05"E 2023.22S.W. R.O. W. LINEO.R.962, PG.1289(NOT PART OFTHIS SURVEY)OVERHEADUTILITY LINESS89°38'10"W242.07S2°15'49"E254.08S2°15'49"E 2430.13S1°31'37"E329.67S89°01'23"W315.26S89°01'23"W 2253.76N89°01'23"E 2569.02N1°36'55"W 2360.58S1°36'55"E298.69S89°33'32"W287.00N89°33'32"E 2312.62S89°59'43"W 2696.54N0°57'05"W 2655.96N89°25'14"E 2634.91N0°57'18"W 2693.16S2°15'36"E 2684.10C.C.R.115721FOUNDOVERHEAD UTILITY LINESSTATE RD. 29 S.11 1214 13MONITORING WELLSLINE TABLELINE #L6L7L8LENGTH730.20680.17729.89BEARINGS44°59'18"WS44°58'03"EN45°00'39"EOFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:01:44 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg3PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 7687 of 9661 (AMS) 2306.51(M) S0°31'11"E 2301.77 E. LINE OF THE N.E. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2617.95(M) S0°38'38"E 2631.42 E. LINE OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2647.52(M) S89°44'23"W 2614.52 S. LINE OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2643.02(M) S89°44'08"W 2613.84 S. LINE OF THE S.W. 1/4 SEC. 24(AMS) 2673.51(M) S89°34'23"W 2672.75 S. LINE. OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 23SHEET 3SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 4SHEET 5SHEET 4S89°22'16"W80.09S89°03'11"W79.9424 1925 3023 2426 25C.C.R. 116415WITNESS PIN L.B.7917WITNESS PIN L.B.7917L.B.7917C.C.R. 116416N89°26'24"E 2591.61N0°08'59"W 2612.76S89°19'18"W 2591.67N0°08'37"W 2617.81S0°20'51"W 2599.23S0°21'10"W 2599.67L.B.7917COLLIER MONUMENTCOLLIER MONUMENTUNPLATTED(N.W. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(N.E. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(S.W. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(S.E. 1/4 SEC. 24)UNPLATTED(SEC. 25)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)UNPLATTED(SEC. 26)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)UNPLATTED(SEC. 23)S.R. 29 S.OVERHEADUTILITY LINESL.B.7917OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:01:54 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg4PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 7688 of 9661 C5L14N0°17'33"W 2088.76C7C6L15L10C2L11C3L12C4L13N0°15'34"W 2601.35(AMS) 2670.60(M) S89°38'46"W 2671.33 S. LINE OF THE S.W. 1/4 SEC. 23SHEET 2SHEET 5SHEET 5SHEET 4SHEET 5SHEET 6SHEET 5(D) 100.0'O.R.4322PG.1347(D) 100.0'IMMOKALEE ROAD (C.R.846)22 2327 26CAMP KEAIS RD.(80' WIDE)O.R.4322, PG.1377WIDTH VARIES150' WIDTHO.R.4322, PG.1377CAMP KEAIS RD.(80' WIDE) (O.R.1579, PG.1732)O.R.4322,PG.1354LANDSINCLUDED INSURVEYUNPLATTED(SEC. 23)UNPLATTED(SEC. 22)UNPLATTED(SEC. 26)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)S89°41'38"W 5261.34S89°41'38"W 80.00S89°41'38"W 39.68W. LINE SEC. 22N0°15'34"W 5249.84N89°56'38"W 100.19N89°55'57"W 100.18N0°14'18"E 2635.38N0°37'25"W 2599.57N0°18'18"W 60.85CURVE TABLECURVE #C2C3C4C5C6C7LENGTH533.72584.69848.23722.57529.01151.51RADIUS760.00840.00540.00460.00760.00840.00DELTA40°14'11"39°52'53"89°59'58"90°00'00"39°52'53"10°20'04"CHORD BEARINGN19°49'24"EN20°00'03"EN44°56'23"WS44°56'24"ES20°00'03"WS34°46'27"WCHORD LENGTH522.82572.96763.68650.54518.39151.31LINE TABLELINE #L10L11L12L13L14L15L16LENGTH60.69543.45600.00164.71164.27600.00543.45BEARINGN0°17'42"WN39°56'29"EN0°03'36"EN89°56'24"WS89°56'24"ES0°03'36"WS39°56'29"WL16SETFOUND IRON ROD0.45' S.E.FOUND IRON ROD0.65' N.E.L.B.69030.65' N.E.C.C.R.83011S.W. COR. SEC.22,T.47S., R.29E.SETL.B.2022L.B.2022L.B.2022IRON PINL.B.2022SETL.B.2022IRON PINL.B.2022COLLIER MONUMENTIRON PINTT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X CAMP KEAIS RD.IMMOKALEE RD.OVERHEADUTILITYLINESUNPAVED RD.POST ANDWIRE FENCEASPHALTROAD ANDAPRONASPHALTROAD ANDAPRONO.R.4998PG.865O.R.4998PG.865GAS VALVEVAULTSWEST LINE SEC.2280' R.O.W.O.R.1579, PG.1732200'O.R.4322PG.1354OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:02:04 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg5PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.DETAIL SCALE: 1" = 200'SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 7689 of 9661 S0°04'00"W 5379.12 E. LINE SEC. 27S89°06'34"W 2674.38 S. LINE OF THE S.E. 1/4 SEC. 27S89°09'03"W 2587.98 S. LINE OF THE S.W. 1/4 SEC. 27L9C1N0°15'32"W 4936.51SHEET 5SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6SHEET 6CAMP KEAIS RD.(80' WIDE) (O.R.1579, PG.1732)120' WIDEO.R.4322, PG.1377S0°15'41"E 5431.65 W. LINE SEC. 271" IRON PIPES.W. COR. SEC.27PIN & CAPSTAMPED AIMCONC.MONUMENTRANCH ONE RD.(60' WIDE) (O.R.1376, PG.51)2833 34L.B.2022SETL.B.2022UNPLATTED(SEC. 27)UNPLATTED(SEC. 34)(NOT PART OF THIS SURVEY)S89°09'03"W88.1627 2634 35LINE TABLELINE #L9LENGTH91.74BEARINGN5°51'03"ECURVE TABLECURVE #C1LENGTH403.88RADIUS3787.51DELTA6°06'35"CHORD BEARINGN2°47'45"ECHORD LENGTH403.69OFLANCE T MILLER, P.S.M. #LS 5627REV. REVISIONTITLE:PROJECT NO.SHEET #: DRAWING NO.:CLIENT:Vertical Scale:Horizontal Scale:Date:Drawn by:Fieldwork by:Fieldbook/Page:[Save Date: 11/30/2023 2:10:29 PM] [Saved By: TWehrle] [Plot Date: 12/1/2023 1:02:14 PM] [Plotted By: Tim Wehrle] [Original Size: 24x36] [Drawing Path: S:\Silver-Strand\Silver-Strand-Mine-SS03-001\BOUNDARY\SILVER-STRAND-03-111423\S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg]NOVEMBER 20231" = 300'N.T.S.P-020/70 & 72SDTFWP-SS03-002-001S-SSM-P-SS03-002-001-SU-01.dwg6PENINSULA ENGINEERING6MAP OF BOUNDARY SURVEYOF PART OF SECTIONS 5, 13, 14, 22, 23, 14, &27, TOWNSHIP 47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST,COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA.SCALE:1" = 300'0SCALE IN FEET0SCALE IN FEET600300SYMBOL LEGEND: = CLEANOUT = GRATE INLET = MITERED END = STORM MANHOLE = YARD DRAIN = GUY ANCHOR = WOOD POWER POLE = CONCRETE POWER POLE = ELECTRIC PANEL = HANDHOLE = LIGHT POLE = ELECTRIC MANHOLE = ELECTRIC METER POLE = ELECTRIC RISER = TRANSFORMER PAD = GAS VALVE = CABLE RISER = GAS RISER = TELEPHONE RISER = TELEPHONE MANHOLE = IRRIGATION CONTROL BOX = SPRINKLER HEAD = WATER BLOW-OFF = FIRE HYDRANT = GATE VALVE = WELL = MONITORING WELL = WATER METER = WATER RISER = MAILBOX = PILING = SIGNDYLEEFGVCGTTICWWPGENERAL NOTES:xBEARINGS ARE BASED ON STATE PLANECOORDINATES FLORIDA EAST ZONE (NAD83)WITH THE WEST LINE OF SECTION 15, TOWNSHIP47 SOUTH, RANGE 29 EAST, COLLIER COUNTY,FLORIDA BEING SOUTH 00°07'26" EAST.xELEVATIONS ARE BASED ON NORTH AMERICANVERTICAL DATUM, 1988, (N.A.V.D.)xLINES SHOWN OUTSIDE OF THE LAND DESCRIBEDARE FOR REFERENCE USE ONLY AND WERE NOTSURVEYED.xALL BEARINGS AND DISTANCES SHOWN AREMEASURED UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.Page 7690 of 9661 Collier County, Florida 03/04/2024 Prepared for: Prepared by: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, FL 34105 Phone: 239-403-6700 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA 2800 Davis Boulevard, Suite 200 Naples, FL 34104 Phone: 239-566-9551 Email: ntrebilcock@trebilcock.biz Collier County Transportation Methodology Fee* – $500.00 Fee Collier County Transportation Review Fee* – Minor Study – $750.00 Fee Note – *to be collected at time of first submittal. Page 7691 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 2 I certify that this Traffic Impact Statement has been prepared by me or under my immediate supervision and that I have experience and training in the field of Traffic and Transportation Engineering. Norman J. Trebilcock, AICP, PTOE, PE FL Registration No. 47116 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA 2800 Davis Boulevard, Suite 200 Naples, FL 34104 Company Cert. of Auth. No. 27796 Page 7692 of 9661 PRINTED COPIES OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE NOT CONSIDERED SIGNED AND SEALED AND THE SIGNATURE MUST BE VERIFIED ON ANY ELECTRONIC COPIES. Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 3 Table of Contents Project Description .......................................................................................................................... 4 Trip Generation ............................................................................................................................... 5 Trip Distribution and Assignment ................................................................................................... 6 Background Traffic ........................................................................................................................ 11 Existing and Future Roadway Network ......................................................................................... 12 Project Impacts to Area Roadway Network-Link Analysis ............................................................ 14 Site Access Turn Lane Analysis ...................................................................................................... 17 Improvement Analysis .................................................................................................................. 18 Mitigation of Impact ..................................................................................................................... 18 Appendices Appendix A: Project Master Site Plan .......................................................................................... 19 Appendix B: Initial Meeting Checklist (Methodology Meeting) ................................................... 21 Appendix C: Trip Generation Calculations ................................................................................... 28 Appendix D: Project Access Turning Movements ........................................................................ 30 Page 7693 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 4 Project Description The Silver Strand III Mine is located to the east of Immokalee Road and west of SR 29 and lies within Sections 14, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, in Collier County, Florida. Refer to Figure 1 – Project Location Map and Appendix A: Project Master Site Plan. Figure 1 – Project Location Map The Silver Strand III is a commercial excavation operation. This Traffic Impact Statement is in support of the Conditional Use application for the operation. The land is currently citrus groves and zoned agriculture. The mine is expected to produce a maximum of 6,000 CY per average weekday. The mining operation will be operating from 6:30 am to 5:00 pm Monday through Friday and operating from 7 am to 3 pm on Saturday. The mine will have a minimum lifespan of 12 years and a maximum lifespan of 20 years. The development program is illustrated in the Table 1. Page 7694 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 5 Table 1 Development Program Land Use ITE Land Use Code Volume per Day Truck Volume Planning Horizon Commercial Excavation N/A* 6,000 cubic yards 14 cubic yards 2027 Note(s): *N/A = Not Available. The project has two proposed configuration options to connect to the area roadway network. Option 1 is a full movement connection to Camp Keais Rd. Option 2 has the same connection as option 1, but will also provide a full movement connection to SR 29. A methodology meeting was held with the Collier County Transportation Planning staff on September 13, 2022, via email (ref. Appendix B: Initial Meeting Checklist (Methodology Meeting)). Trip Generation The operations of this mine will perform in such a way that the maximum allowed volume of material exported off the site on an average weekday is 6,000 cubic yards (CY). The hauling trucks expected to remove the material from the property will be 14 CY. The average daily two-way trips are based on the number of trucks needed to remove the maximum amount of fill. The mining operation is expected to generate 860 daily two-way trips. Over an 11 hour workday, the project will generate 39 enter and 39 exit trips for both the AM and PM peak hours. No reductions for internal capture or pass-by trips have been considered in this TIS. Based on Highway Capacity Manual, 6th Edition, Exhibit 15-11, a factor of 1.9 will be applied to the trip generation to account for the passenger car equivalents of trucks. A 10% adjustment factor was applied to account for any visitor or vendor trips to the site. A summary of the project trip generation calculations for the proposed CU is illustrated in Table 2, below. Detailed calculations can be found in Appendix C – Trip Generation Calculations. Page 7695 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 6 Table 2 Proposed Project Trip Generation — Average Weekday Land Use Factor Daily Two-Way Volume AM Peak Hour* PM Peak Hour* Enter Exit Total Enter Exit Total Mine 860 39 39 78 39 39 78 Passenger Car Equivalents for Trucks (ET) 1.9 1,634 74 74 148 74 74 148 10% Adjustment Factor 1.10 1,797 81 81 162 81 81 162 Note(s): *Peak Hour Volume = Daily Traffic/ 11 hours. Directional distribution assumption is 50%/50% In agreement with the Collier County TIS guidelines, significantly impacted roadways are identified based on the proposed project highest peak hour trip generation (net new total trips) and consistent with the peak hour of the adjacent street traffic. Based on the information contained in Collier County 2022 Annual Update and Inventory Report (AUIR), the peak hour for the adjacent roadway network is PM peak hour and the peak direction for Immokalee Road is northbound. Trip Distribution and Assignment The traffic generated by the proposed project is assigned to the adjacent roadways using the knowledge of the area and engineering judgement. Option 1 and option 2 will be analyzed separately through the report. Two different distributions are provided for each option. The site-generated trip distribution is shown in Table 3A for option 1 and Table 3B for option 2. Trip distribution is graphically depicted in Figure 2A and 2B – Project Distribution by Percentage and by PM Peak Hour. Page 7696 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 7 Table 3A Proposed CU – Traffic Distribution for PM Peak Hour (Option 1) Roadway Link Collier County Link No. Roadway Link Location Distribution of Project Traffic PM Peak Hour Project Vol.* Enter Exit Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 20% SB – 16 NB – 16 Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 40% EB – 32 WB – 32 Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 40% EB – 32 WB – 32 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 60% SB – 49 NB – 49 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 40% NB – 32 SB – 32 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 20% EB – 16 WB – 16 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 20% WB – 16 EB – 16 Note(s): *Peak hour, peak direction traffic volumes are underlined and bold to be used in Roadway Link Level of Service calculations. Page 7697 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 8 Table 3B Proposed CU – Traffic Distribution for PM Peak Hour (Option 2) Roadway Link Collier County Link No. Roadway Link Location Distribution of Project Traffic PM Peak Hour Project Vol.* Enter Exit Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 10% SB – 8 NB – 8 Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 30% EB – 25 WB – 25 Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 30% EB – 25 WB – 25 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 40% SB – 33 NB – 33 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 20% NB – 16 SB – 16 SR 29 83.0 CR 29A South to Project Access 20% SB – 16 NB – 16 SR 29 83.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 20% NB – 16 SB – 16 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 10% EB – 8 WB – 8 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 10% WB – 8 EB – 8 Note(s): *Peak hour, peak direction traffic volumes are underlined and bold to be used in Roadway Link Level of Service calculations. Page 7698 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 9 Figure 2A – Project Distribution by Percentage and by PM Peak Hour (Option 1) Page 7699 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 10 Figure 2B – Project Distribution by Percentage and by PM Peak Hour (Option 2) Page 7700 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 11 Background Traffic Average background traffic growth rates are estimated for the segments of the roadway network in the study area using the Collier County Transportation Planning Staff guidance of a minimum 2% growth rate, or the historical growth rate from peak hour peak direction volume (estimated from 2008 through 2023), whichever is greater. Another way to derive the background traffic is to use the 2023 Annual Update and Inventory Report (AUIR) volume plus the trip bank volume. The higher of the two determinations is to be used in the Roadway Link Level of Service analysis. Table 4A and 4B, Background Traffic without Project illustrates the application of projected growth rates to generate the projected background (without project) peak hour peak direction traffic volume for the build-out year 2027. Table 4A Background Traffic without Project (2023 - 2027) (Option 1) Roadway Link CC AUIR Link ID # Roadway Link Location 2023 AUIR Pk Hr, Pk Dir Background Traffic Volume (trips/hr) Projected Traffic Annual Growth Rate (%/yr)* Growth Factor 2027 Projected Pk Hr, Peak Dir Background Traffic Volume w/out Project (trips/hr) Growth Factor** Trip Bank 2027 Projected Pk Hr, Peak Dir Background Traffic Volume w/out Project (trips/hr) Trip Bank*** Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 580 4.0% 1.1699 679 249 829 Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 580 4.0% 1.1699 679 249 829 Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 2,370 2.67% 1.1112 2,634 516 2,886 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 330 2.0% 1.0824 357 211 541 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 330 2.0% 1.0824 357 211 541 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 240 2.0% 1.0824 260 177 417 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 240 2.0% 1.0824 260 177 417 Note(s): *Annual Growth Rate – based on peak hour, peak direction volume (from 2008 through 2023), or 2% minimum. **Growth Factor = (1 + Annual Growth Rate)4. 2027 Projected Volume = 2023 AUIR Volume x Growth Factor. ***2027 Projected Volume = 2023 AUIR Volume + Trip Bank. The projected 2027 Peak Hour – Peak Direction Background Traffic is the greater of the Growth Factor or Trip Bank calculation, which is underlined and bold as applicable. Page 7701 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 12 Table 4B Background Traffic without Project (2023 - 2027) (Option 2) Roadway Link CC AUIR Link ID # Roadway Link Location 2023 AUIR Pk Hr, Pk Dir Background Traffic Volume (trips/hr) Projected Traffic Annual Growth Rate (%/yr)* Growth Factor 2027 Projected Pk Hr, Peak Dir Background Traffic Volume w/out Project (trips/hr) Growth Factor** Trip Bank 2027 Projected Pk Hr, Peak Dir Background Traffic Volume w/out Project (trips/hr) Trip Bank*** Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 580 4.0% 1.1699 679 249 829 Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 580 4.0% 1.1699 679 249 829 Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 2,370 2.67% 1.1112 2,634 516 2,886 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 330 2.0% 1.0824 357 211 541 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 330 2.0% 1.0824 357 211 541 SR 29 83.0 CR 29A South to Project Access 530 2.0% 1.0824 574 118 648 SR 29 83.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 530 2.0% 1.0824 574 118 648 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 240 2.0% 1.0824 260 177 417 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 240 2.0% 1.0824 260 177 417 Note(s): *Annual Growth Rate – based on peak hour, peak direction volume (from 2008 through 2023), or 2% minimum. **Growth Factor = (1 + Annual Growth Rate)4. 2027 Projected Volume = 2023 AUIR Volume x Growth Factor. ***2027 Projected Volume = 2023 AUIR Volume + Trip Bank. The projected 2027 Peak Hour – Peak Direction Background Traffic is the greater of the Growth Factor or Trip Bank calculation, which is underlined and bold as applicable. Existing and Future Roadway Network The existing roadway conditions are extracted from the Collier County 2023 AUIR, and the project roadway conditions are based on the FDOT Work Program. Roadway improvements that are currently under construction or are scheduled to be constructed within the five-year Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP) or Capital Improvement program (CIP) are committed improvements. No such improvements have been identified for the subject roadways. Page 7702 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 13 The existing and future roadway conditions are illustrated in Table 5A and 5B, Existing and Future Roadway Conditions. Table 5A Existing and Future Roadway Conditions (Option 1) Roadway Link CC AUIR Link ID # Roadway Link Location 2023 Roadway Condition 2023 Min. Standard LOS 2023 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Capacity Volume 2027 Roadway Condition 2027 Min. Standard LOS 2027 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Capacity Volume Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 2U D 900 2U D 900 Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 2U D 900 2U D 900 Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 6D E 3,300 6D E 3,300 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 2U D 1,000 2U D 1,000 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 2U D 1,000 2U D 1,000 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 2U D 800 2U D 800 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 2U D 800 2U D 800 Note(s): 2U = 2-lane undivided roadway; 4D, 6D, 8D = 4-lane, 6-lane, 8-lane divided roadway, respectively; LOS = Level of Service. Page 7703 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 14 Table 5B Existing and Future Roadway Conditions (Option 2) Roadway Link CC AUIR Link ID # Roadway Link Location 2023 Roadway Condition 2023 Min. Standard LOS 2023 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Capacity Volume 2027 Roadway Condition 2027 Min. Standard LOS 2027 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Capacity Volume Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 2U D 900 2U D 900 Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 2U D 900 2U D 900 Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 6D E 3,300 6D E 3,300 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 2U D 1,000 2U D 1,000 Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 2U D 1,000 2U D 1,000 SR 29 83.0 CR 29A South to Project Access 2U D 900 2U D 900 SR 29 83.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 2U D 900 2U D 900 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 2U D 800 2U D 800 Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 2U D 800 2U D 800 Note(s): 2U = 2-lane undivided roadway; 4D, 6D, 8D = 4-lane, 6-lane, 8-lane divided roadway, respectively; LOS = Level of Service. Project Impacts to Area Roadway Network-Link Analysis The Collier County Transportation Planning Services developed Level of Service (LOS) volumes for the roadway links impacted by the project, which are evaluated to determine the project impacts to the area roadway network in the future horizon year 2027. In agreement with Collier County Land Development Code (LDC) Section 6.02.02 requirements, a project is considered to have a significant and adverse impact if both the percentage volume capacity exceeds 2% of the capacity for the link directly accessed by the project and for the link adjacent to the link directly accessed by the project; 3% for other subsequent links and if the roadway is projected to operate below the adopted LOS standard. Based on these criteria, this project does not create any significant impacts to the area roadway network. The analyzed link is not projected to exceed the adopted LOS standard with or without the project at 2027 build-out conditions. Table 6, Roadway Link Level of Service illustrates the LOS traffic impacts of the project to the area roadway network. Page 7704 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 15 The analyzed roadway segments are not located within the Collier County’s Transportation Concurrency Exception Area (TCEA). In addition, the proposed development is not situated within the County’s designated Transportation Concurrency Management Area (TCMA). The TCEA’s and TCMA’s designations are provided in Policy 5.4 and 5.6 of the Transportation Element – Collier County Growth Management Plan (GMP). Table 6A Roadway Link Level of Service (LOS) – With Project in the Year 2027 (Option 1) Roadway Link CC AUIR Link ID # Roadway Link Location 2027 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Capacity Volume Roadway Link, Peak Dir, Peak Hr (Project Vol Added)* 2027 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Volume w/Project** % Vol Capacity Impact by Project Min LOS exceeded without Project? Yes/No Min LOS exceeded with Project? Yes/No Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 900 16 845 1.8% No No Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 900 32 861 3.6% No No Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 3,300 32 2,918 1.0% No No Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 1,000 49 590 4.9% No No Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 1,000 32 573 3.2% No No Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 800 16 433 2.0% No No Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 800 16 433 2.0% No No Note(s): *Refer to Table 3 from this report. **2027 Projected Volume = 2027 background (refer to Table 4) + Project Volume added. Page 7705 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 16 Table 6B Roadway Link Level of Service (LOS) – With Project in the Year 2027 (Option 2) Roadway Link CC AUIR Link ID # Roadway Link Location 2027 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Capacity Volume Roadway Link, Peak Dir, Peak Hr (Project Vol Added)* 2027 Peak Dir, Peak Hr Volume w/Project** % Vol Capacity Impact by Project Min LOS exceeded without Project? Yes/No Min LOS exceeded with Project? Yes/No Immokalee Rd 46.0 SR 29 to Camp Keais Rd 900 8 837 0.9% No No Immokalee Rd 46.0 Camp Keais Rd to Oil Well Rd 900 25 854 2.8% No No Immokalee Rd 45.0 Wilson Blvd to Oil Well Rd 3,300 25 2,911 0.8% No No Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Immokalee Rd to Project Access 1,000 33 574 3.3% No No Camp Keais Rd 61.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 1,000 16 557 1.6% No No SR 29 83.0 CR 29A South to Project Access 900 16 664 1.8% No No SR 29 83.0 Project Access to Oil Well Rd 900 16 664 1.8% No No Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to Ave Maria Blvd 800 8 425 1.0% No No Oil Well Rd 122.0 Camp Keais Rd to SR 29 800 8 425 1.0% No No Note(s): *Refer to Table 3 from this report. **2027 Projected Volume = 2027 background (refer to Table 4) + Project Volume added. As illustrated in Collier County LDC Chapter 6.02.02 – M. 2, once traffic from a development has been shown to be less than significant on any segment using Collier County TIS significance criterion, the development’s impacts are not required to be analyzed further on any additional segments. Page 7706 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 17 Site Access Turn Lane Analysis Camp Keais Road is a 2-lane, undivided roadway under Collier County jurisdiction with a posted speed limit of 55 mph. SR 29 is a 2-lane, undivided roadway under FDOT jurisdiction with a posted speed limit of 55 mph. The project access on Camp Keais Rd and SR 29 were evaluated for turn lane warrants based on the Collier County Construction Standards Handbook: (a) two-lane roadways – 40vph for right-turn lane/20vph for left-turn lane; (b) multi-lane divided roadways – right turn lanes shall always be provided; and (c) when new median openings are permitted, they shall always include left-turn lanes. Turn lane lengths required at build-out conditions are analyzed based on the number of turning vehicles in an average one-minute period for right-turning movements, and two-minute period for left-turning movements, within the peak hour traffic. The minimum queue length is 25 feet, and the queue/vehicle is 25 feet. Because the turning vehicles are primarily trucks, 30 feet will be used for the queue/vehicle. Option 1 provides a full movement access onto Camp Keias Rd. Option 2 provides a full movement access on Camp Keais Rd and SR 29. Project access turning movements as percentage and during the AM and PM peak hours can be found in Appendix D: Project Access Turning Movements. Option 1 – Project Access at Camp Keais Rd The project is expected to generate 49 vph inbound left-turning movements during the PM peak hour, which does meet the 20 vph threshold. According to the Florida Design Manual (FDM), Chapter 212, Exhibit 212-1, for a design speed of 55 mph – Rural Conditions – the minimum turn lane length is 350 ft (which includes taper). With a queue of 60 ft, the turn lane should be at least 410 ft to accommodate projected traffic. The project is expected to generate 32 vph inbound right-turning movements during the PM peak hour, which does not meet the 40 vph threshold. A right turn lane is not warranted. As an alternative concept, a roundabout offers feasible means of access for the project as well. The roundabout would replace the access on Camp Keais Rd. Option 2 – Project Access at Camp Keais Rd and SR 29 For Camp Keais Road, the project is expected to generate 33 vph inbound left-turning movements during the PM peak hour, which does meet the 20 vph threshold. According to the Florida Design Manual (FDM), Chapter 212, Exhibit 212-1, for a design speed of 55 mph – Rural Conditions – the minimum turn lane length is 350 ft (which includes taper). With a queue of 60 ft, the turn lane should be at least 410 ft to accommodate projected traffic. The project at Camp Keais Rd is expected to generate 16 vph inbound right-turning movements during the PM peak hour, which does not meet the 40 vph threshold. A right turn lane is not warranted. For SR 29, the project is expected to generate 16 vph inbound left-turning movements during the PM peak hour. According to FDOT Multimodal Access Management Guidebook 2023, Figure 78, for a three- leg intersection, a left turn lane is warranted. According to the Florida Design Manual (FDM), Chapter Page 7707 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 18 212, Exhibit 212-1, for a design speed of 55 mph – Rural Conditions – the minimum turn lane length is 350 ft (which includes taper). With a queue of 30 ft, the turn lane should be at least 380 ft to accommodate projected traffic. The project is expected to generate 16 vph inbound right-turning movements during the PM peak hour. According to FDOT Multimodal Access Management Guidebook 2023, facilities with a high volume of buses, buses trucks, or trailers exceeding 2 or 3 per hour should provide a dedicated right turn lane. Based on the project generating 16 vph right turn movements and majority of the project traffic being trucks, a right turn lane is recommended at this location. According to the Florida Design Manual (FDM), Chapter 212, Exhibit 212-1, for a design speed of 55 mph – Rural Conditions – the minimum turn lane length is 350 ft (which includes taper). With a queue of 30 ft, the turn lane should be at least 380 ft to accommodate projected traffic. As an alternative concept, a roundabout offers feasible means of access for the project as well. The roundabout would replace the access on Camp Keais Rd. Improvement Analysis Based on the results illustrated within this traffic analysis, the proposed project is not a significant and adverse traffic generator for the roadway network at this location. Based upon the results of the turn lane analysis, a left turn lane is warranted at the site access on Camp Keais Rd for both option 1 and option 2. A left and right turn lane is warranted at the access on SR 29 for option 2. Alternatively, a roundabout is suggested as a means of accessing the site from Camp Keais Rd. Mitigation of Impact The developer proposes to pay the appropriate Collier County Road Impact Fee as building permits are issued for the project, as applicable. Page 7708 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 19 Appendix A: Project Master Site Plan Page 7709 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 20 Page 7710 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 21 Appendix B: Initial Meeting Checklist (Methodology Meeting) Page 7711 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 22 Page 7712 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 23 Page 7713 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 24 Page 7714 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 25 Page 7715 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 26 Page 7716 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 27 Page 7717 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 28 Appendix C: Trip Generation Calculations Page 7718 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 29 Page 7719 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 30 Appendix D: Project Access Turning Movements Page 7720 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 31 Option 1: Project Turning Movements Page 7721 of 9661 Silver Strand III – Conditional Use – TIS – March 2024 Trebilcock Consulting Solutions, PA Page | 32 Option 2: Project Turning Movements Page 7722 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine Environmental Data PREPARED BY: PENINSULA ENGINEERING 2600 GOLDEN GATE PARKWAY NAPLES, FL 34105 April 2023 Revised December 2023 Revised September 2024 _ BRUCE LAYMAN, SPWS Page 7723 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 2 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports TABLE OF CONTENTS1.INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................32.PROJECT METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................................32.1.Listed Wildlife Survey....................................................................................................................32.2.ListedPlant Survey........................................................................................................................4 2.3.Habitat/WetlandMapping............................................................................................................4 3.SURVEY RESULTS...................................................................................................................................4 3.1.Listed Wildlife Species Observed/IdentifiedOn Site.....................................................................4 3.2.Listed Wildlife Species Not Observed On-Site But With Potential to Occur On Site....................4 3.3.Listed Plant Species Observed On Site..........................................................................................6 3.4.Habitat/Wetland Mapping –Native Preserve...............................................................................6 4.SUMMARY.............................................................................................................................................6 5.REFERENCES CITED................................................................................................................................7 TABLES Table 1 - Listed Species and VegetationSurvey Details..............................................................................10 Table 2 - Listed Plant and WildlifeSpecies Observed.................................................................................10 Table 3 - Non-listed Wildlife Species Observed..........................................................................................10 Table 4 - Estimated Probability of Occurrence of Non-Observed Listed Faunal Species...........................11 Table 5 - Estimated Probability of Occurrence of Non-Observed Listed Floral Species...........................11 Table 6 - Existing Vegetative Associations and Land Uses........................................................................11 APPENDICES Appendix A - Existing Vegetation Association & Land Use Descriptions FIGURES Figure 1 - Existing Conditions Figure 2 – Bear Incident Location Map Figure 3 – Panther Habitat and Telemetry Map Page 7724 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 3 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports 1.INTRODUCTIONPeninsula Engineering (PE) entered into an agreement to provide environmental services associated with a 378.92-acre parcel known as the Silver Strand Mine (the Mine). The project includes the proposed mine, a weigh station, water management, and two potential access roads – one to Camp Keais Road and one to SR 29. The Environmental Data author credentials include undergraduate and graduate degrees in the environmental sciences and full-time employment as an Environmental Consultant/Ecologist in Lee and Collier Counties since 1992. The fill pit is located in Sections 13 and 14; Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County, Florida. It is recently fallow citrus grove being converted to row crop agriculture and long- fallow date palm plantation; and it is bordered on the north, south, and west by abandoned citrus grove that is in various stages of being converted to row-crop agriculture, and on the east by agricultural water retention area (WRA). The two entry roads traverse abandoned citrus grove and active row-crop agriculture. The protected species survey was conducted, and the results summarized herein, to support local, state, and federal environmental permitting. 2.PROJECTMETHODOLOGY Bruce Layman, PE Ecologist, conducted a listed species survey consistent with Collier County Conservation and Coastal Management Element (CCME) Objective 7.1 and its implementing policies and with Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission standards on the subject property. The dates, times and weather conditions are summarized in Table 1. The following information describes the methodologies employed. 2.1.Listed WildlifeSurvey Prior to conducting the listed species surveys, color aerial imagery was reviewed to anticipate which habitats may be present. Various publications and databases were also reviewed to identify listed plant and wildlife species that are regionally present and that could occur and those habitat types. Based on the habitat types identified on site, and the noted data sources, a preliminary list of state and federal listed flora and fauna that could occur on the project site was conceptualized to help focus survey effort. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission’s (FWC)Florida’s Endangered and Threatened Species (FWC, 2021) was used to determine the “listed” state and federal status designation of wildlife species. The field survey consisted of one ecologist performing parallel meandering transects with spacing based on habitat type and visibility limits. Due to the agricultural and historically-managed nature of the whole property, transects were conducted with aid of an all-terrain vehicle. Transects are illustrated on Figure 1 entitled Existing Conditions. The field observer was equipped with a compass, GPS, color aerial, binoculars, and a field notebook. While conducting the transects, the ecologist periodically stopped, looked for wildlife, signs of wildlife, and listened for wildlife vocalizations. Due to habitats present (or, conversely, absence of natural habitats) and likelihood of occurrence (not to the exclusion of other potential listed species), the ecologist specifically surveyed for the potential presence of trees containing cavities that could be used by the Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus; FBB) for roosting. The approximate location of observed listed wildlife species and their numbers were mapped on an aerial and recorded in a field notebook. The locations of fixed resources, such as gopher tortoise burrows or cavity trees were recorded using hand-held GPS and flagged with high- visibility survey ribbon. Non-listed wildlife species were recorded daily. Page 7725 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 4 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports 2.2.Listed PlantSurveyOver the course of conducting the survey for listed wildlife, the PE ecologist searched for plants listed by the Florida Department of Agriculture (FDA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)and those species defined by Collier County as rare and less rare. The state and federal agencies have categorized the various plant species based upon their relative abundance in natural communities. Those categorizations include “Endangered”, “Threatened”, and “Commercially Exploited”. The protection afforded plants listed solely by FDA entails restrictions on harvesting or destroying plants found on private lands of another, or public lands, without permission and/or a permit from FDA. Unless the sale of plants is involved, there are no restrictions for landowners to impact such plants. These provisions are found in Section 581.185, FDA under State law. Rare and less rare species are protected in accordance with Collier County LDC Section 3.04.03. 2.3.Habitat/WetlandMapping The habitat and wetland survey included the preparation of a Florida Land Use, Cover and Forms Classification System (FLUCCS) map delineating the major vegetation communities and land uses present on the project site. A FLUCCS Map for the project site is provided as Figure 1 entitled Existing Conditions. The methods and class descriptions found in the FLUCCS manual (FDOT, 1999) were followed when delineating and assigning areas to an appropriate FLUCCS category (class) or “codes”. Preliminary wetland limits were mapped using the standard state and federal wetland delineation methodologies and direct field observations and aerial photo interpretation. Color aerial photos were used in the field to map the vegetative communities on the site. Wet season high water (WSHW) elevation was not estimated due to the lack of reliable water level indicators due to active agricultural water management practices. 3.SURVEYRESULTS 3.1.ListedWildlifeSpeciesObserved/Identified On Site Since the project falls within the federalAudubon’s crested caracara (Polyborus plancus audubonii) consultation area, and since caracaras are known to be regionally present in Eastern Collier County, the applicant conducted caracara nesting-season surveys in January of 2023 and 2024 - following FWS guidelines. The survey results will be coordinated with FWS to assure there is no net adverse impact on the species. The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) is listed as Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance with the American crocodile. Alligators were observed within the agricultural ditches on site. The FWC will be consulted during state environmental permitting to minimize potential impacts to the species. No other state or federal listed wildlife species were observed on site during the listed species survey. The project site contains no FWS-designated listed species critical habitat. All non-listed wildlife species, either directly observed or audibly detected on site, are listed in Table 3. 3.2.Listed Wildlife Species Not Observed But With Potential to Occur OnSite The following is a discussion of listed wildlife species that were not observed during either survey, but which are considered to have potential to occur due to the presence of suitable habitat, confirmed sightings in the region, or the parcel’s being located within the consultation area for a given species. Species with greater than near zero potential to occur on site are summarized in Table 4. Page 7726 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 5 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports The site contains two wetlands and there are internal water management ditches associated with the orange grove and row-crop agriculture within which listed wading birds have the potential to opportunistically forage. Given the lack of natural shrubby or forested habitats within the project limits, on-site nesting by listed wading birds is unlikely. No listed wading bird rookeries are known to be located adjacent to the property.The Florida panther (Felis concolor coryi) is listed as Endangered by FWS and the site falls within the panther consultation area. The vast majority of the project is mapped by FWS as Secondary Panther habitat, and a small portion of the eastern edge of the project is Primary Panther Habitat (refer to Figure 3). No panther telemetry points fall within the project limits. Potential impacts to the species will be addressed through consultation with FWS. The Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus; FBB) is listed as Endangered by FWS and the site falls within the FWS consultation area for this species. There is relatively little known about the life- history needs of the species; however, it has been suggested in the literature that roosts may be a limiting resource for this bat. Additionally, given that the FBB is known to travel great distances to forage, there is potential for the species to commute or forage over the parcel. Since the project proposes to primarily convert fallow orange grove, row-crop, and tree nursery to open water, it is anticipated that the conversion will generate greater foraging opportunity for the bonneted bat. Also, during the listed species survey, the ecologist specifically searched for trees with cavities that could potentially be used as roosts by the FBB. The defunct on-site ornamental palm tree nursery contained both living and dead palms. None of the living palms were observed to contain cavities. Some dead palms were observed to contain cavities; however, it appeared that once the palms die, they quickly lose their fronds, deteriorate and become hollow, wither, and topple – providing little opportunity for cavities created by woodpecker species in the dead trunks to meaningfully persist and become potential roost sites for the bonneted bat. During the environmental permitting process, the FWS 2019 Consultation Key for the Florida Bonneted Bat will be followed to make an appropriate affect determination, and FWS will be consulted to minimize potential impacts on the species. The Eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon corais couperi) is listed as Endangered by FWS. Indigo snakes inhabit pine forests, hardwood hammocks, scrub and other uplands. They also rely heavily on a variety of wetland habitats for feeding and temperature regulation needs. Though no indigo snakes were observed on site, it is often assumed by FWS that there may be potential for the species to be present. Adhering to the FWS standard Eastern Indigo Snake Protection Precautions may be proposed during environmental permitting as a means to minimize the potential adverse effect on the species. Though the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is not state or federally listed, it is protected by the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act. No eagle nest was observed on site. Per the Audubon EagleWatch Program website, https://cbop.audubon.org/conservation/about-eaglewatch- program, the nearest known eagle nest (nest CO021) is located approximately two miles northeast of the parcel. The site is located well beyond the protection zones of thatnest. Regional bear incident data from FWC (Figure 2) suggest that bears (Ursus americanus floridanus) may not frequent the region; however, bears are known to occur in the region based upon personal experience by the report author. Though the black bear is no longer listed as protected, the FWC may suggest conservation measures, during the state environmental permitting process, to minimize potential adverse effects on thespecies. Page 7727 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 6 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports 3.3.ListedPlantSpeciesObservedOn SiteNo species of listed plants (listed as Endangered per the FDA list; and identified as “less rare” by Collier County LDC) were observed on site during the field survey. Given the intensely managed nature of the property, none are anticipated to occur on site. No plant species listed by FWS were observed during the field survey. The listed plant species observed, and their state and federal listing status, are provided in Table 2.3.4.Habitat/Wetland Mapping – NativePreserve The project site is composed entirely of orange grove (some of it recently converted to row-crop agriculture and some of it converted to improved pasture) and palm tree nursery. Both on-site wetlands, described below and illustrated in the attached Existing Conditions figure, contain greater than 75% exotic vegetation. Therefore, there are no native vegetation communities located on site and no indigenous preserve is required or proposed. The FLUCCSs code along with a brief descriptions and acreages are provided in Table 6, and a detailed description of the FLUCCS code is provided in AppendixA. Based upon current field conditions, and application of state/federal wetland delineation methodology, it is anticipated that there are two wetlands located on site. Both are anticipated to be jurisdictional to the state and one of them is anticipated to be federally jurisdictional. This has not been verified by either the South Florida Water Management District or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Verification will take place during the respective environmental permit reviews. 4.SUMMARY Results of the survey reflect the presence of Audubon’s Crested caracaras and American alligators; and the project site contains potential foraging habitat for the bonneted bat, and both primary and secondary panther habitat. Potential impacts to the Audubon’s crested caracara, Florida bonneted bat, and Florida panther will be addressed through consultation with FWS to minimize potential adverse effects on these species. Potential impactsto the alligator,or state-listed wading birds, will be addressed with FWC during state environmental permitting. If, during the environmental permitting process, it is determined that there is potential for the Eastern indigo snake to occur on site, the FWS standard Eastern Indigo Snake Protection Precautions may be considered. Similarly, though not listed by either FWC or FWS, measures to protect the black bear may be considered during local and state environmental permitting. Since potential impact to state listed species will be addressed through consultation with FWC, and potential impact to federal listed species will be addressed through consultation with FWS, the proposed project is consistent with CCME Policy 7.1. No native habitat exists on site, so per LDC guidance, no native habitat is proposed to be preserved. Therefore, the project is consistent with CCME Policy 6.1.1. Page 7728 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 7 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports 5.REFERENCESCITEDFlorida Department of Transportation. 1999. Florida Land Use, Cover and Forms Classification System. Procedure No. 550-010-001-a. Third Edition. Tallahassee, Florida.Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 2021. Florida’s Endangered and ThreatenedSpecies, Official List. Tallahassee, Florida. Page 7729 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 9 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports TABLES Page 7730 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 10 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Table 1: Listed Species and Vegetation Survey DetailsEcologistDateTime of Day Weather Field HoursBruce Layman 03/20/23 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 a.m. 55°, mostly cloudy, wind NW at 5 mph 8.0Bruce Layman 08/21/23 1:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m. 86°, mostly cloudy, wind E at 5-10 mph 2.5Bruce Layman 10/20/23 9:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. 72°, clear, calm 2.0 Bruce Layman 8/9/2024 10:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. 89°, mostly cloudy, wind SW at 4mph 2.5 Total Hours 15.0 Table 2: Listed Plant and Wildlife Species Observed Common Name Scientific Name Habitat Where Observed By FLUCCS FWC Status FWS Status FDA Status PLANTS None WILDLIFE Audubon’s Crested caracara Polyborus plancus audubonii 221, 241 T T N/A American alligator Alligator mississippiensis 221 T(S/A)T(S/A)N/A FDA = Florida Department of Agriculture andConsumerServices FWC = Florida Fish and Wildlife ConservationCommission FWS = United States Fish &WildlifeService E = Endangered T(S/A) = Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance with the American crocodile. NL = Not Listed N/A = Not Applicable Table 3: Non-listed Wildlife Species Observed Common Name Scientific Name BIRDS Ground dove Columbina passerine Mourning dove Zenaida macroura American Kestrel **Falco sparverius Swallow tailed kite Elanoides forticatus Marsh hawk Circus cyaneus Red-shouldered hawk Buteo lineatus Black vulture Coragyps atratus Turkey vulture Cathertes aura Limpkin Aramus guarauna Turvey Meleagris gallopavo Great blue heron Ardea herodias Great egret Ardea alba Loggerhead shrike Lanius ludovicianus White ibis Eudocimus albus Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis AMPHIBIANS & REPTILES Black racer Coluber constrictor Brown anole Anolis sagrei MAMMALS Black bear Ursus americanus Eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus Page 7731 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 11 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Table 4: Estimated Probability of Occurrence of Non-Observed Listed Faunal SpeciesCommon Name Scientific Name Status (FWC/FWS)Estimated Occurrence*Habitat by FLUCCSProbablePossibleUnlikelyBIRDSLittle blue heron Egretta caerulea T/NL X Ag. ditchesSoutheastern American kestrel Falco sparverius paulus T/NL X Tricolored heron Egretta tricolor T/NL X Ag. ditches Wood stork Mycteria americana T/T X Ag. ditches Roseate spoonbill Platalea ajaja T/NL X Ag. ditches MAMMALS Florida bonneted bat Eumops floridanus E/E X All Florida panther Puma concolor coryi E/E X All REPTILES Eastern indigo snake Drymarchon corais couperi T/T X All FWC = Florida Fish and Wildlife ConservationCommission FWS = UnitedStatesFishandWildlifeService T =Threatened E =Endangered NL = Notlisted * Probable Occurrence = >50% estimated chance of occurrence on site. Possible Occurrence = <50% estimated chance of occurrence on site. Unlikely Occurrence = <5% estimated chance of occurrence on site. ** Both migratory (non-listed) and non-migratory (listed) species present. So, subspecies identification indeterminant. Table 5: Estimated Probability of Occurrence of Non-Observed Listed Floral Species Common Name Scientific Name Status (FDA/FWS) Estimated Occurrence*Habitat by FLUCCSProbablePossibleUnlikely N/A FWS = UnitedStatesFishandWildlifeService FDA = Food and Drug Administration E =Endangered CE = Commercially Exploited NL = Notlisted * Probable Occurrence = >50% estimated chance of occurrence on site. Possible Occurrence = <50% estimated chance of occurrence on site. Unlikely Occurrence = <5% estimated chance of occurrence on site. Table 6: Existing Vegetative Associations and Land Uses FLUCCS CODE FLUCCS DESCRIPTION Acres 214 Row crop 200.16 224 Abandoned groves 43.95 241 Tree nursery 108.05 500 Water 0.34 618E4 Willow and Elderberry, Exotics 75%<2.01 740 Disturbed lands 22.52 8145 Graded and drained 1.89 TOTAL 378.92 Page 7732 of 9661 Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData 12 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports APPENDIX A Existing Vegetative Association & Land Use Descriptions Page 7733 of 9661 13 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalDataExisting Vegetative Association & Land Use Detailed DescriptionsRow Crops – (FLUCCS 214) – This is active row-crop agriculture including fields, internal unpaved roads, and water management ditches and dikes.Abandoned Grove (FLUCCS 224) –This is recently-abandoned citrus grove. Nearly all citrus trees aredead. Tree rows and grove infrastructure remain in unmaintained condition. Groundcover includes bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus), crowsfoot grass (Dactyloctunium aegyptium), beggars tick (Bidens pilosa), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Caesarweed (Urena lobata), and other ruderal pioneering species. Some regions have started the conversion to improved pasture or row-crop agriculture with the dead trees being removed and furrows graded. Tree Nursery (FLUCCS 241) – This land use represents a long-defunct date palm and queen palm nursery. Trees and infrastructure remain in unmaintained condition. Water (FLUCCS 500)– This is a small unvegetated water body within surrounding row-crop agricultural fields. Willow and Elderberry, Exotics 75%< (FLUCCS 618E4)– These two areas are willow (Salix caroliniana) and exotic dominated wetlands surrounded by row-crop agriculture and palm nursery. The wetland within the palm nursery has hydrologic connection via ditch and pipe to the agricultural Water Retention Area to the east, whereas the wetland within the row-crop agriculture is hydrologically isolated. Exotics include Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes), and primrose willow (Ludwigia peruviana) coverage exceeds 75%. Disturbed Lands (FLUCCS 740) –These are large blocks of land within or proximal to the tree nursery where trees were harvested and not replenished, or where orange trees were removed and the land has not yet been brought into crop production. In either case, the areas lack shrub and canopy coverage. Groundcover ranges from bare soil to being vegetated with herbaceous species including Caesarweed, smutgrass, broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus), Mexican clover (Richardia grandiflora), beggars tick, elephant grass, and other ruderal species. Graded and Drained (FLUCCS 8145) – These are internal primary farm roads. Page 7734 of 9661 14 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData FIGURE 1 Existing Conditions Page 7735 of 9661 15 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData Page 7736 of 9661 16 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData Page 7737 of 9661 17 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData Page 7738 of 9661 18 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData FIGURE 2 Bear Incident Location Map Page 7739 of 9661 19 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData Page 7740 of 9661 20 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData FIGURE 3 Panther Habitat and Telemetry Map Page 7741 of 9661 21 P:\Active_Projects\P-SS03-001\001_SilverStrand_III\Reports Silver Strand MineEnvironmentalData Page 7742 of 9661 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239 271 2650 MEMORANDUMTo: John English, PE, Peninsula Engineering From: Kim Arnold, PG Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Date: September 17, 2024 Subject: Silver Strand III Excavation Depth Assessment Peninsula Engineering contracted with Kimley-Horn and Associates (Kimley-Horn) to provide an assessment of the proposed excavation depth at the Silver Strand III Excavation project site located in Section 14, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County. The assessment specifically considers whether excavating a proposed mine lake to a depth of 59 feet would have a detrimental impact on groundwater quality, per Section 22-112(3) of the Collier County Land Development Code (CCLDC). Under this scope of services, Kimley-Horn reviewed lithologic descriptions, water level data, water quality data, peer-reviewed literature, and regulatory records, performed lake mixing calculations, and prepared this technical memorandum (TM). Background The Silver Strand III Excavation project proposes construction of a mine lake up to 59 feet deep. The applicant is designing the excavation for permitting through the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as a non-phosphate mine. The project site has no ponds or other significant surface water features currently, and uses wells reported open to the Lower Tamiami and Water Table aquifers for agricultural irrigation under South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) water use permit 11-00263-W. The existing agricultural irrigation wells will be plugged and abandoned when the site is developed. Other water users in the area, such as agricultural operations, rely on wells reported open to the Lower Tamiami aquifer, with lesser use of the Water Table and Sandstone aquifers, for water supply. The Lower Tamiami aquifer, where present, underlies the Water Table aquifer, separated by a low permeability semi-confining layer. In areas where the semi-confining layer is minimal or absent, the lithologic strata function as a single unconfined (AKA Surficial) aquifer. Due to extensive use of the groundwater source, potentiometric heads in the Lower Tamiami aquifer vary seasonally, with lowest levels typically coinciding with the height of the dry season and/or the peak of agricultural growing seasons. Potentiometric heads in the Lower Tamiami aquifer can be lower than those of the Water Table aquifer by greater than ten (10) feet. Regionally, the clay confining layer separating the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers becomes thinner and shallower from south to north and is absent completely in parts of Immokalee and southern Page 7743 of 9661 Page 2 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Lee County, where the unconfined Surficial aquifer can extent over 200 feet in depth. The confininglayer may also be thin or absent locally in areas where it typically occurs. Extreme seasonal low waterlevels in surface water bodies often characterize areas where the confining layer is locally absent.A previous assessment prepared by Kimley-Horn reviewed available lithologic and water level data forthe site and concluded that the Surficial aquifer extends to over 100 feet deep at the Silver Strand III Excavation project site. No significant confining layer exists within the proposed excavation depth, and the Surficial aquifer functions as a single hydrologic unit to a depth of 100 feet or greater at the project site. SITE HISTORY The Silver Strand III Excavation project site has been permitted for agricultural irrigation withdrawals through the SFWMD since 1984 under permit 11-00263-W, although agricultural irrigation may pre- date water use permitting by the State of Florida. The earliest permits authorized withdrawals from the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers. The permit lists cased depths for Water Table aquifer wells ranging from 18 to approximately 60 feet bls, and total depths ranging from approximately 18 to 75 feet bls. The proposed Lower Tamiami aquifer wells have respective cased and total depths of 140 and 200 feet bls, below the proposed 100-foot excavation depth. These aquifer designation depths appear to best characterize the hydrogeology of the Silver Strand III Excavation project site. The Silver Strand III site received surface water management system permit 11-00261-S from the SFWMD in 1984 for construction and operation of a proposed and existing surface water management system serving 1,266 acres of agricultural lands using retention/detention and dispersion areas with discharge to the Barron River and Fakahatchee Strand basin via weir and surface water pumps conveying water to a cypress head and existing ditch. The staff report notes 1,173 acres of existing small vegetable fields that were ditched and diked. A retention/detention area borders the proposed excavation to the east. This basin discharges to a dispersion area that drains under SR-29 and into the Barron River. Agricultural lands with the Silver Strand III grove/farm surround the project site to the north, west and south and drain as described above. Lands to the east include a large, vegetated retention/detention area. This basin discharges to a dispersion area that drains under SR-29, to the east of the retention/detention area, and into the Barron River. No deep-water bodies exist on or in the vicinity of the project site. The closest active Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) mining permit is issued to the Stewart Sand Mine (MMR_228414), located 6.6 miles northwest of the Silver Strand III project site. The FDEP permit authorizes the Stewart Sand Mine to excavate to -49 feet NGVD, or approximately 85 feet below grade. See Figure 1 for a map of the site and surrounding properties. Page 7744 of 9661 Page 3 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Proposed Excavation DepthLITHOLOGYBarron Collier Partnership contracted with YPC Consulting Group in 2022 to perform a preliminarygeotechnical exploration of the site called the Silver Strand III Fill Pit. YPC advanced 46 standard penetration test (SPT) borings to approximately 30 feet bls, seven (7) SPT borings to approximately 60 feet bls, six (6) borings to approximately 65 feet, and two (2) SPT borings to approximately 100 feet bls. Boring locations generally formed a grid across the site. Many of the borings throughout the site have poorly graded sand to silty sand overlying a weathered/fractured limestone layer occurring between 20 to 30 feet bls. The limestone layer is approximately 10 to 15 feet thick and followed by poorly graded sand to silty sand to termination depth. Other borings, primarily in the eastern half of the project site have a shallower, thinner limestone layer occurring between approximately 8 to 15 feet bls. This limestone layer may be 2-3 feet to 10 feet thick, in general. In some borings a second, deeper limestone layer, as described above, exists below the shallow limestone interval, separated by poorly graded silty sand 20-25 feet thick. In these borings, the deeper limestone layer generally begins around 40 feet bls. The lithologic data collected onsite is consistent with data reported from other wells in the area, as provided in the SFWMD’s DBHydro database. Given the predominantly sandy nature of the lithology, the Silver Strand III Excavation proposes use of a dredge to extract the material. DEPTH CALCULATION Section 22-112(3) of CCLDC prescribes a maximum excavation depth for commercial excavations of 20 feet, unless otherwise supported by the “fetch formula” or a “comparative water quality study that depths in excess of 20 feet will not, because of aquifer conditions or relative location to coastal saline waters, have a detrimental effect on the groundwater resources in the surrounding area.” The “fetch formula” described in the CCLDC is as follows: 𝐷𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ=5𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡+ 0.015 × 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ Where, 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ=𝐴+𝐵 2 And A is the average length parallel to the long axis of the excavation and B is the average width of the excavation as measured at right angles to the long axis. The Silver Strand III Excavation has an average length parallel to the long axis (A) of 3,300 feet and an average length at right angles to the long axis (B) of 2,675 feet. Based on the “fetch formula” from the CCLDC, the resultant maximum excavation depth would be: (3,300 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡+ 2,675 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡) 2 × 0.015 + 5 𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡=50𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑡 Page 7745 of 9661 Page 4 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 The Silver Strand III Excavation requests a maximum excavation depth of 59 feet, 9 feet beyond thedepth provided by the “fetch formula” based on a demonstration of no “detrimental effect on thegroundwater resources,” pursuant to Section 22-112(3)a of the CCLDC.Water Level and Water Quality Data United States Geological Survey (USGS) well C-966, a Surficial aquifer system well located 2.7 miles southeast of the project site, has reported data from 1984 through 2023, including water quality data for selected intervals. This well has cased and total depths of 30 to 40 feet, respectively. Surficial aquifer well LUC-3 has a reported depth of 15 feet and is located approximately 0.65 miles southwest of the Silver Strand III Excavation. LUC-3 has reported water level and water quality data from 1998 to 2024 for selected intervals. Water level data from C-966 and LUC-3 display similar behavior, indicating both wells monitor the Surficial aquifer. WATER LEVEL DATA To assess the degree of hydraulic connection between the shallow and deeper zones of the Surficial aquifer at the project site, Peninsula Engineering implemented a water level monitoring program. Existing, deeper Surficial aquifer agricultural irrigation wells were equipped with data logging pressure transducers, as were shallow piezometers constructed next to the irrigation wells. A barometric pressure gauge was used to remove atmospheric influence from the well transducer data. LiDAR data was used to estimate ground level elevations at the well sites. Peninsula Engineering installed datalogging pressure transducers at J-32, located on the project site, which has collected data from August 2023 through January 2024. Well J-32 has reported cased and total depths of 80 and 100 feet bls, respectively, and is classified as Lower Tamiami on the water use permit. The piezometer installed near J-32 has a total depth of approximately 5 feet bls. See Figures 2 and 3, respectively, for a location map of monitoring sites and plot of water level data along with rainfall from the Immokalee rain gauge, as reported through the SFWMD’s DBHydro site (DB key VN084). See Table 1 for monitoring well details. Well # Natural Grade (ft. NAVD) Total Depth (ft. bls) Cased Depth (ft. bls)Latitude Longitude J-32 shallow 23.64 6 Screened 26Û 23' 09.62" 81Û 23' 05.48" J-32 Deep 23.90 100 80 26Û 23' 09.57" 81Û 23' 06.93" LUC-3 25.58 15 26Û 22' 44.6" 81Û 24' 18.8" C-966 19.90 40 30 26Û 21' 38" 81Û 20' 41" Table 1: Monitoring well details. Page 7746 of 9661 Page 5 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Water elevations and trends in both the shallow and deep wells closely resemble each other and appearinfluenced primarily by rainfall. These wells exhibit a smaller rage in water level, of 5 to 6 feet, withlowest water level occurring in April and May during periods of little to no rainfall. Water levels in bothdeep and shallow zones increase immediately following significant rainfall events and exhibit a risingtrend during periods of frequent rainfall. If the deeper zone was semi-confined, its response to rainfall events would lag those of the shallow well. The water elevation data indicate both the shallow and the deeper zones are hydraulically connected to each other and to the surface hydrology, being driven by rainfall and with an overall lack of confinement between the two zones. The hydraulic connection between the deep and shallow zones of the Surficial aquifer at the project site supports a proposed excavation depth up to 100 feet deep without breaching confining layers between distinct aquifers. Water level data collected at the Silver Strand III Excavation onsite wells also resembles data collected at C-966 and LUC-3, particularly LUC-3, the closer of the two USGS wells with respect to the Silver Strand III Excavation project site. The observed data similarities suggest that wells C-966, LUC-3, and J-32 deep and shallow wells all monitor hydrological conditions within the same Surficial aquifer. Water level data collected from onsite wells and offsite USGS-maintained monitoring wells indicate a thick Surficial aquifer sequence extending to at least 100 feet deep at the project site with good hydraulic connection throughout. WATER QUALITY DATA The USGS has sampled wells C-966 and LUC-3 for extended suites of water quality parameters. Most parameters sampled from the two wells show good agreement, in general, with the exceptions of dissolved oxygen, percent dissolved oxygen saturation, ammonia, Ortho phosphorous, sulfate, potassium, iron and total nitrogen. LUC-3, the shallower well, has significantly higher levels of the noted parameters. For example, LUC-3 has an average dissolved oxygen saturation percentage of 12.2%, whereas C-966 has a percentage of 0% at the depth sampled. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), “Oxygen enters water by direct absorption from the atmosphere, which is enhanced by turbulence.” Factors such as temperature, water movement (e.g., turbulence) and surface area influence oxygen solubility in water bodies. Oxygen has low solubility in water even with significant surface contact. Groundwater, being present in the soil pore space, typically several feet below land surface, has limited surface contact with the atmosphere. Consequently, in groundwater, oxygen levels can decrease rapidly with depth due to limited diffusion from the surface. Fick's law governs the diffusion of oxygen in groundwater. The equation is typically expressed as: 𝐽=−𝐷𝑑𝐶 𝑑𝑥 Where J is the flux of oxygen (mass per unit area per time), D is the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in water (a constant depending on temperature), and dC/dx is the concentration gradient of oxygen in the groundwater. In addition to the slow diffusion rate of oxygen, biological processes also consume oxygen present in groundwater as part of natural bacterially mediated metabolic processes. The rate at which bacteria Page 7747 of 9661 Page 6 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 present in groundwater can consume oxygen can easily exceed the rate at which oxygen can diffusefrom the atmosphere or more highly oxygenated zones of the aquifer. The data collected from USGSwell show the oxygen flux in groundwater has decreased to near zero by a depth of approximately 40feet.Nutrients and other constituents, such as potassium, can also decrease with depth in groundwater. Comparison of the groundwater chemistry at monitoring wells LUC-3 and C-966 show such trends. A publication by the USGS (2010) notes, “Nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in well- oxygenated (or “oxic”) groundwater regardless of land use and nitrogen sources.” Nutrient concentrations decrease with low oxygen in groundwater because when oxygen levels are low (i.e., reducing conditions), the bacteria that typically break down organic matter and release nutrients as byproducts change and can become less active, leading to a reduced availability of nutrients in the water column. This process is known as denitrification, where nitrate is converted to nitrogen gas under low oxygen conditions. Bacteria that require oxygen to decompose organic matter release nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus back into the water as part of their metabolic process. When oxygen levels are low, bacteria using anaerobic processes, like denitrification, dominate. Denitrification converts nitrate to gaseous nitrogen, which escapes into the atmosphere, effectively removing nitrogen species from the water. Under highly reducing conditions, bacterial communities using ferric hydroxide, sulfate or even glucose act as the electron donors in the absence of oxygen, resulting in generation of gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methane characteristic of anoxic groundwater conditions commonly associated with confined aquifers. The decrease in nitrogen compounds and sulfate measured in C- 966 at a 40-foot depth, compared to concentrations measured in LUC-3 at a 15-foot depth, suggest metabolic processes employing denitrification and even sulfate reduction become prevalent at depth under anoxic, reducing conditions (Freeze and Cherry, 1979). Under certain redox (reduction-oxidation) conditions, various nutrient species, including by-products of bacterial metabolic processes, can adhere and adsorb to soil and sediment particles. Under low velocity conditions common in the lower intervals of deep lakes, absent of wind shear and high-energy biological activity, particles can settle to the lake bottom and effectively become sequestered (Freeze and Cherry, 1979). When oxygenated water is introduced into otherwise anoxic groundwater, the increase in dissolved oxygen content can lead to changes in redox potential, impacting the solubility and stability of various minerals, promoting aerobic microbial activity, and potentially influencing the oxidation state of dissolved elements like iron and manganese. Oxidation can lead to the precipitation of minerals like iron oxides, potentially impacting groundwater quality and aquifer characteristics. For example, when oxygenated water is introduced into an aquifer via an aquifer storage and recovery system, it can trigger redox reactions that can lead to the mobilization and dissolution of certain metals like arsenic, potentially altering the water quality and raising concerns about its safety for use (Arthur, 2002). Water level data from USGS-maintained monitoring wells indicate oxygen levels decline with depth within the Surficial aquifer near the project site. under natural conditions. Changing the oxygen concentration within an aquifer can change the water chemistry. Page 7748 of 9661 Page 7 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Lake Mixing CalculationsWEDDERBURN NUMBERThe Wedderburn number (Wn) is a dimensionless parameter that measures the balance between windstress and buoyancy force in a lake. It can be used to estimate upwelling and predict if a lake will stratify. When Wn is much less than 1, wind stress is greater than buoyancy force, and upwelling is likely to occur. When Wn is much greater than 1, buoyancy force is greater than wind stress, and there is strong vertical stratification (Thompson, 1980). The Wedderburn number is given by the equation: 𝑊𝑛=(𝑔𝛥𝜌 ℎଶ ) 𝜌𝑢∗௪ଶ 𝐿 Where: ǻȡ is the density difference across the thermocline. h is the thickness of the surface mixed layer u*w is the water friction velocity computed from shear stress from wind. L is the length of the lake in the direction of the wind ȡ is the density of water g is gravitational acceleration The thickness of the surface mixed later is approximated using the empirical relationship (Wells and Troy, 2022): 𝑍௠௜௫௘ௗ =4√𝐹𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ Based on the proposed dimensions of the Silver Strand III Excavation, this results in an approximate mixed layer thickness of 4.20 meters or 13.8 feet. Using the approximate mixed layer thickness of 4.20 meters and weather data from Weather Spark and Weather Underground, the Wedderburn number was calculated for annual average, average summer, and average winter conditions, as shown in Table 2. Condition Annual Average Summer Average Winter Average Wn (dimensionless) 6.05 14.22 6.59 Table 2: Wedderburn numbers. The Wedderburn numbers shown in Table 2 indicate the excavation lake will remain stratified to some degree year-round, with the greatest stratification occurring in summer, as is characteristic of most freshwater lakes. Page 7749 of 9661 Page 8 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 LAKE MIXING MODELKimley-Horn used the one-dimensional freshwater lake mixing model FLake as another method toestimate the predicted mixing depth of the Silver Strand III Excavation lake. FLake (Mironov,2008) isa 1-D thermodynamic lake model developed for NWP purposes. It is a bulk model capable of predictingthe vertical temperature structure and mixing conditions in lakes, given the meteorological conditions at the atmosphere interface (incoming radiation, air temperature and humidity, and wind speed) (Bernus et. al. 2021). The following parameters were input into the FLake a lake mixing model: solar radiation (watts per meter squared, W/m2), air temperature (°C), air humidity (millibars, mb), wind speed (meters per second, m/s), and cloudiness (true = 1/false = 0). The weather parameters were taken from the weather station located at Page Field Airport in Fort Myers FL, and the solar radiation was taken from the National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB) supplied by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The Flake model run uses input parameters for the period from September 1, 2021, through August 31, 2023. The model requires approximately six months following the start of a simulation to stabilize. Erratic results observed early in the run time are likely a result of numerical instability in the model rather than real physical processes in the lake. The results for the second year of the two-year model run are shown and discussed below in Figures 2 through 6. Figure 2: Mixing depth (feet) from FLake model. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 110192837465564738291100109118127136145154163172181190199208217226235244253262271280289298307316325334343352361Depth of Mixed Layer (feet) Days from Start of Model Run Mixed Layer Depth Page 7750 of 9661 Page 9 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Figure 2 depicts the predicted mixing depth generated by the FLake model. Mixing depths range fromless than 1 foot to 47 feet. Of note, the first part of the period coincides with Hurricane Ian and producesthe greatest mixing depth, as expected. However, the extremes are not indicative of average conditions.The average mixing depth for the period shown is 9.9 feet, which agrees well with the mixing depth of13.8 feet calculated using the empirical equation of 𝑍௠௜௫௘ௗ =4√𝐹𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ The mixing depths predicted by the FLake also supports the Wedderburn numbers that suggest average stratified lake conditions. Figure 3: Convective mixing parameter from FLake model. The convective mixing parameter, shown in Figure 3, represents the intensity of convective mixing in the lake, which is driven by temperature gradients. Convection occurs when warmer, less dense water overlies cooler, denser water, causing the water to overturn and mix. This is also referred to as the Deardorff Velocity which is roughly the updraft speed in convective thermals. 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 1112131415161718191101111121131141151161171181191201211221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361Feet/secondDays from Start of Model Run Convective Mixing Parameter Page 7751 of 9661 Page 10 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Figure 4: Light attenuation coefficient from FLake model Figure 4 shows the measure of how light dissipates with depth in water. The coefficient represents the rate at which light is absorbed or scattered as it penetrates the water column. It depends on factors like water clarity, presence of suspended particles, and dissolved organic matter. A higher value indicates less light penetration, affecting photosynthesis and heat distribution in the lake. 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 110192837465564738291100109118127136145154163172181190199208217226235244253262271280289298307316325334343352361W/m2Days from Start of Model Run Light Attenuation Coefficient in Water Page 7752 of 9661 Page 11 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Figure 5: Friction velocity of water FLake model Figure 5 shows the friction created by the wind across the lake water surface, creating a measure of turbulence within the water itself, which helps to understand the internal mixing and energy dissipation within the lake. 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.0120.014 1112131415161718191101111121131141151161171181191201211221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361Velocity (ft/s) Days from Start of Model Run Friction Velocity of Water Page 7753 of 9661 Page 12 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Figure 6: Sensible and latent heat flux from FLake model As shown in Figure 6, sensible and latent are both described in terms of positive and negative factors. Positive latent heat flux refers to water condensing onto the surface and negative latent heat flux is water evaporation from the surface. Positive sensible heat flux is heat flowing from the atmosphere to the surface and negative is the heat flowing from the surface to the atmosphere. The FLake model runs indicate a lake with the fetch and depth of the proposed Silver Strand III Excavation will not mix below a depth of ten (10) feet most of the time, with the exception of extreme weather events. Discussion The data and analyses provided in previous sections of this memorandum indicate the proposed mine lake will likely be a warm weather monomictic lake that experiences stratification at depths greater than 15 feet, on average. Lithologic and water level data indicate the Surficial aquifer extends to 100 feet or deeper at the Silver Strand III Excavation project site, with no local or regional confinement present. The proposed excavation depth of 59 feet will be wholly within the unconfined portion of the Surficial aquifer. -250 -50 150 350 550 750 1112131415161718191101111121131141151161171181191201211221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361Heat Flux (W/m2)Days from Start of Model Run Sensible and Latent Heat Flux Sensible Latent Page 7754 of 9661 Page 13 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 Water quality data from USGS monitoring wells open to shallow and deep portions of the Surficialaquifer suggest that the aquifer becomes anoxic at depth, due to the inability of atmospheric oxygen toeffectively diffuse to depths shallower than 40 feet bls. As discussed in the Water Quality Data section,the shallow portion of the Surficial aquifer up to a depth of at least 15 feet is characterized by thepresence of oxygen and associated redox conditions and biological processes. However, by 40 feet bls, the groundwater becomes anoxic, and reducing conditions and accompanying biological processes likely dominate. The Silver Strand III Excavation lake mixing depths and stratification potential described in the Lake Mixing Calculations section should support preservation of the existing Surficial aquifer geochemistry by contributing to oxic conditions in the shallow portion of the aquifer to depths of approximately 15 feet, and progressively anoxic conditions below that depth. Data from USGS monitoring wells indicate a transition from oxic to anoxic conditions between depths of 15 to 40 feet. The “fetch calculations” provided in the CCLDC allow an excavation depth up to 50 feet, by which point groundwater quality data indicate anoxic conditions. Excavating the lake an additional 9 feet beyond what the CCLDC “fetch calculation” provides will not adversely impact groundwater quality, given that the aquifer displays anoxic conditions by a depth of 40 feet. The proposed mine lake design should preserve the natural redox conditions that currently characterize the Surficial aquifer. Other excavations exist in Collier County with depths exceeding the “fetch calculation.” As mentioned in the Site History section, the Stewart Sand Mine is located 6.6 miles northwest of the Silver Strand III project site and permitted for excavation depth up to 85 feet. The “fetch calculation” provided a maximum excavation depth for the Stewart Sand Mine of 50 feet. Like the proposed Silver Strand III Excavation, the Stewart Sand Mine uses a dredging operation for excavation. The Collier County staff report for approval of the Stewart Sand Mine rezoning request dated August 6, 2003, reads as follows: There is at least one older excavation in Collier County, Crown Pointe, that violates the fetch formula by a considerable amount…the maximum allowable depth should be 27.5 feet…The report shows a maximum depth in some areas of 51 feet of water. There have been no water quality complaints that staff is aware of at the large Crown Pointe lake… Staff has contacted representatives of local and state agencies that might have insight into the negative side of fetch formula violations and has, so far, found no agency representative that opposes deep pits on general principle. The standard reply seems to be that the worst case scenario is an anoxic…condition at the deeper levels, but that such a condition may be common or normal, or at best, not harmful to the lake or the aquifer. The Silver Strand III Excavation proposes to exceed the “fetch calculation” depth by a much lesser amount that the Stewart Sand Mine: 9 feet compared to 35 feet. The analyses presented in this memorandum concur with the stated opinions of local and state agencies in the Stewart Sand Mine staff report quoted above, namely, “the worst case scenario is an anoxic…condition at the deeper levels, but that such a condition may be common or normal, or at best, not harmful to the lake or the aquifer.” Page 7755 of 9661 Page 7756 of 9661 Page 15 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 ReferencesAmerican Meteorological Society. (2024). Glossary of Meteorology.https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Welcome Arthur, J., A. Dabous, and J. Cowart (2002). “Mobilization of arsenic and other trace elements during aquifer storage and recovery, southwest Florida,” In George R. Aiken and Eve L. Kuniansky, editors, 2002, U.S. Geological Survey Artificial Recharge Workshop Proceedings, Sacramento, California, April 2-4, 2002: USGS Open-File Report 02-89. Bernus, A., Ottlé, C., & Raoult, N. (2021). “Variance based sensitivity analysis of FLake lake model for global land surface modeling,”Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126, e2019JD031928. Collier County (2003). “Environmental Advisory Council Staff Report Meeting of August 6, 2003,” Petition No. CU-2002-AR-3537. Environmental Protection Agency, Dissolved Oxygen:https://www.epa.gov/caddis/dissolved-oxygen. Geddes, E., E. Richardson, and A. Dodd (2015).Hydrogeologic Unit Mapping Update for the Lower West Coast Water Supply Planning Area, South Florida Water Management District Technical Publication WS-35. Fetter, C.W. (1994).Applied Hydrogeology, third edition, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ; pp. 691. FLake Model.http://www.flake.igb-berlin.de/ Florida Department of Environmental Protection Oculus Permitting Files for MMR_204775 (Big Island Pit)https://depedms.dep.state.fl.us/Oculus/servlet/search. Freeze, A. and J. Cherry (1979).Groundwater, from The Groundwater Project:https://fc79.gw- project.org. Mironov, D. (2008). Parameterization of lakes in numerical weather prediction. In Description of a lake model (Technical Report No. 11). Deutscher Wetterdienst. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA, 2024). Page Field Weather Station Data. https://forecast.weather.gov/data/obhistory/KFMY.html National Renewable Energy Laboratory (2024). NSRDB: National Solar Radiation Database. Immokalee, Florida.https://nsrdb.nrel.gov/ South Florida Water Management District DBHYDRO:DBHYDRO Browser (sfwmd.gov) Page 7757 of 9661 Page 16 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 South Florida Water Management District ePermtting Files for 11-00263-W and 11-00261-S (SilverStrand III):https://my.sfwmd.gov/ePermitting/PopulateLOVs.do?flag=1.Thompson, R., (1980). “Response of a numerical model of a stratified lake to wind stress,” in:Proceedings of the second international symposium stratified flows, IAHR, 1980 Trondheim, Norway. United States Geological Survey National Water Information System:Water Resources of the United States—National Water Information System (NWIS) Mapper (usgs.gov). United States Geological Survey (2010). “Nutrients in Nation’s Streams and Groundwater: National Findings and Implications,” Fact Sheet 2010–3078. Weather Spark (2024). Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Immokalee: https://weatherspark.com/y/17584/Average-Weather-in-Immokalee-Florida-United-States-Year- Round#:~:text=In%20Immokalee%2C%20the%20summers%20are,or%20above%2094%C2%B0 F. Weather Underground (2024). Immokalee, FL Weather History: https://www.wunderground.com/history/monthly/us/fl/immokalee/KIMM/date/2018-12 Wells, M., and C. Troy (2022). “Surface Mixed Layers in Lakes,” in Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, pp. 546-561, Elsevier. YPC Consulting Group (2022). “Geotechnical Exploration Services Report Conducted for Silver Strand III Fill Pit Off State Road 29, Ave Maria, Collier County, Florida,” prepared for Barron Collier Partnership, LLLP, YPC Project No. 21GY304. YPC Consulting Group (2024). “Geotechnical Exploration Services Report Conducted for Silver Strand III Fill Pit Off State Road 29, Ave Maria, Collier County, Florida,” prepared for Barron Collier Partnership, LLLP, YPC Project No. 21GY304. Page 7758 of 9661 Z0DUNHW5G(&RXQW \5RDG RFNDGH 5G$LUSRUW5G(0DLQ 6W 6 W D W H 5 R D G 6Immokalee Reservation ,PPRNDOHH5G&DPS.HDLV 5G 5DQF K 5G 'XSUHH *UDGH&RXQW\5RDG 6 W D W H 5 RD G6WK $Y H1( 5 DQF K 5G 6 W D W H 5 RD G 66W D W H 5RD G 6 6XPPHUODQG 6ZDPS 5DQFK 56WDWH5RDG+ark 6,/9(5 675$1',,, /8& & - 6WDWHRI)ORULGD0D[DU8QLYHUVLW\RI6RXWK)ORULGD)'(3(VUL7RP7RP*DUPLQ6DIH*UDSK *HR7HFKQRORJLHV,QF0(7,1$6$86*6(3$13686&HQVXV%XUHDX86'$86):6 0200120)eet(.?)70B:DWHU8WLOLWLHV?3URMHFWV?3HQLQVXOD(QJLQHHULQJ?B6LOYHU6WUDQG,,,([FDYDWLRQ?)LJXUHV?)LJXUHDSU[$0NLPDUQROG1 )I*URE No.RE9ISIONS DATE BY SIL9ER STRAND III E;CA9ATION SITE MAP 248144016 .+A AS S+OWN .+A .+A PRO-ECT C+EC.ED BY SCALE DESI*NED BY SEPTEMBER 2024 DATE .+ADRAWN BY SIL9ER STRAND III E;CA9ATION PREPARED )OR PENINSULA EN*INEERIN* )ORT MYERS )LORIDA 202 .IMLEY-+ORN AND ASSOCIATES INC 114 BROADWAY SUITE 01 )ORT MYERS )L 901 Phone: 29-21-260 )A;: 941-9-42 WWW..IMLEY-+ORN.COM RE*ISTRY No. 106 Page 7759 of 9661 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239 271 2650 MEMORANDUMTo: Josh Fruth, PE, Peninsula Engineering From: Kim Arnold, PG Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. Date: April 22, 2024 Subject: Silver Strand III Confining Layer Assessment Peninsula Engineering contracted with Kimley-Horn and Associates (Kimley-Horn) to provide an assessment of the confining layer at the Silver Strand III Excavation project site located in Section 14, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County. The assessment specifically considers whether excavating a proposed mine lake to a depth of 100 feet would breach any confining/semi-confining layers at the site, potentially resulting in lower water table levels post-construction. Under this scope of services, Kimley-Horn reviewed lithologic descriptions, water level data and regulatory records, and prepared this technical memorandum (TM). Background The Silver Strand III Excavation project proposes construction of a mine lake up to 100 feet deep. The applicant is designing the excavation for permitting through the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) as a non-phosphate mine. The project site has no ponds or other significant surface water features currently, and uses wells reported open to the Lower Tamiami and Water Table aquifers for agricultural irrigation under South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) water use permit 11-00263-W. The existing agricultural irrigation wells will be plugged and abandoned when the site is developed. Other water users in the area, such as agricultural operations, rely on wells reported open to the Lower Tamiami aquifer, with lesser use of the Water Table and Sandstone aquifers, for water supply. The Lower Tamiami aquifer, where present, underlies the Water Table aquifer, separated by a low permeability semi-confining layer. In areas where the semi-confining layer is minimal or absent, the lithologic strata act as a single unconfined (AKA Surficial) aquifer. Due to extensive use of the groundwater source, potentiometric heads in the Lower Tamiami aquifer vary seasonally, with lowest levels typically coinciding with the height of the dry season and/or the peak of agricultural growing seasons. Potentiometric heads in the Lower Tamiami aquifer can be lower than those of the Water Table aquifer by greater than ten (10) feet. Regionally, the clay confining layer separating the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers becomes thinner and shallower from south to north and is absent completely in parts of Immokalee and southern Lee County, where the unconfined Surficial aquifer can extent over 200 feet in depth. The confining Page 7760 of 9661 Page 2 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 layer may also be thin or absent locally in areas where it typically occurs. Extreme seasonal low waterlevels in surface water bodies often characterize areas where the confining layer is locally absent.Lithologic descriptions from wells included in the SFWMD’s Hydrogeologic Unit Mapping Update for theLower West Coast Water Supply Planning Area (WS-35; Geddes et al., 2015), indicate the Silver StrandIII project site is located near a transitional area where confinement between the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers present to the south of the site diminishes, along with the Tamiami limestone, and becomes absent in the Immokalee area. Well W-15535, located approximately 2.8 miles southeast of the project site, reports the Lower Tamiami aquifer occurring from 85 to 130 feet bls, separated from the Water Table aquifer by the Tamiami confining layer from 55 to 85 feet bls. However, Well C2055, located 2 miles north-northeast of the project site, reports the complete absence of the Lower Tamiami aquifer, with the top of the Sandstone aquifer occurring at 130 feet bls. The SFWMD has designated Well C2055 as a “Golden Spike” well, or well with a high level of confidence in the lithologic description. SITE HISTORY The Silver Strand III Excavation project site has been permitted for agricultural irrigation withdrawals through the SFWMD since 1984 under application 12063-A (permit 11-00263-W), although agricultural irrigation may pre-date water use permitting by the State of Florida. The 1986 permit application speaks to revisions to the permit boundary and the proposed transition from existing row crops to citrus grove. Historical withdrawals from the Water Table aquifer serving the row crops were expected to decrease over time as citrus grove served by Lower Tamiami aquifer withdrawals replaced row crop cultivation. The earliest permits authorized withdrawals from the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers. The permit lists cased depths for Water Table aquifer wells ranging from 18 to approximately 60 feet bls, and total depths ranging from approximately 18 to 75 feet bls. The proposed Lower Tamiami aquifer wells have respective cased and total depths of 140 and 200 feet bls, below the proposed 100-foot excavation depth. The 2008 permit renewal and modification reflect the shift to citrus production with primary withdrawals from the Lower Tamiami aquifer. The staff report for this application (060227-35) states the Water Table aquifer is 55 feet thick based on the lithologic log from well W-2042 described in SFWMD Technical Publication 88-12. The staff report defines the top of the Lower Tamiami aquifer as 85 feet bls based on the same lithologic log. The permit generally categorizes the wells based on the 55 feet bls top of aquifer depth for the Lower Tamiami, although some wells listed on the permit, J-31 for example, have production intervals than span this break point and are classified as Water Table aquifer. The Silver Strand III water use permit illustrates the fact that, historically, the SFWMD and water users in northern Collier and southern Hendry Counties have faced challenges classifying different production zones within the Surficial Aquifer System as distinct aquifers. Wells with similar construction details within short distances of each other may be classified as open to different aquifers depending on who drilled and permitted the wells. However, over larger sites that may span several sections, aquifer depths and the presence of confining layers can change significantly, which may lead to inconsistencies Page 7761 of 9661 Page 3 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 and confusion in aquifer nomenclature both temporally and geographically, even within the same wateruse permit.The Silver Strand III site received surface water management system permit 11-00261-S from theSFWMD in 1984 for construction and operation of a proposed and existing surface water management system serving 1,266 acres of agricultural lands using retention/detention and dispersion areas with discharge to the Barron River and Fakahatchee Strand basin via weir and surface water pumps conveying water to a cypress head and existing ditch. The staff report notes 1,173 acres of existing small vegetable fields that were ditched and diked. The water use permit authorized flood/seepage irrigation of these fields, which would help maintain water table levels in the area. A retention/detention area borders the proposed excavation to the east. This basin discharges to a dispersion area that drains under SR-29 and into the Barron River. Agricultural lands with the Silver Strand III grove/farm surround the project site to the north, west and south and drain as described above. Lands to the east include a large, vegetated retention/detention area. This basin discharges to a dispersion area that drains under SR-29, to the east of the retention/detention area, and into the Barron River. No deep-water bodies exist on or in the vicinity of the project site. The closest active Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) mining permit is issued to the Stewart Sand Mine (MMR_228414), located 6.6 miles northwest of the Silver Strand III project site. The FDEP permit authorizes the Stewart Sand Mine to excavate to -49 feet NGVD, or approximately 85 feet below grade. See Figure 1 for a map of the site and surrounding properties. Site Lithology Barron Collier Partnership contracted with YPC Consulting Group in 2022 to perform a preliminary geotechnical exploration of the site called the Silver Strand III Fill Pit. YPC advanced 23 standard penetration test (SPT) borings to approximately 30 feet bls, seven (7) SPT borings to approximately 60 feet bls, and two (2) SPT borings to approximately 100 feet bls. Boring locations generally formed a grid across the site. Many of the borings throughout the site (SB-1, 2, 4, 9, 10, 12, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, 31 and 32) have poorly graded sand to silty sand overlying a weathered/fractured limestone layer occurring between 20 to 30 feet bls. The limestone layer is approximately 10 to 15 feet thick and followed by poorly graded sand to silty sand to termination depth. Other borings, primarily in the eastern half of the project site (SB-3, 7,8, 13, 17, 22, 23, 27, 28, 29) have a shallower, thinner limestone layer occurring between approximately 8 to 15 feet bls. This limestone layer may be 2-3 feet to 10 feet thick, in general. In some borings (SB- Page 7762 of 9661 Page 4 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 3, 17, 22 and 29) a second, deeper limestone layer, as described above, exists below the shallowlimestone interval, separated by poorly graded silty sand 20-25 feet thick. In these borings, the deeperlimestone layer generally begins around 40 feet bls.None of the boring descriptions reviewed included mention of clay or an obvious confining layer. Only the silty sands in SB-19, 20 and 32 have a measured percentage of fines passing the #200 sieve (the size designation for silt) in excess of 30%. SB-20 does have a percent passing of nearly 50%, so this interval may act as a leaky confining layer given the abundance of silt and clay minerals. In all these cases, the interval with high fines content terminates above 20 feet bls. None of the deeper borings show the presence of a similar layer at greater depths. Deeper layers analyzed for a grain size distribution report percent passing the #200 sieve at 20% or less. The description of groundwater modeling in the 1989 Silver Strand III water use permit modification, which assumes a 45-foot-thick Water Table aquifer and 80 feet of confinement separating the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers, appears consistent with the borings taken at the project site. The model set-up assumes no confinement above 45 feet bls, which is generally where the lower-most limestone layer observed in the YPC borings terminates. The model set-up does assume the silty sands below the lower limestone layer act as a confining layer separating the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers. Measurement of water levels in these zones and aquifer performance testing would be needed for a definitive determination. The model construction described above puts the top of the Lower Tamiami aquifer at 125 feet bls, below the proposed 100-foot excavation depth. Therefore, the modeling assessment used in SFWMD permitting aligns with lithologic conditions observed at the Silver Strand III project site. The lithology observed at the project site is consistent with the transitional nature of the Surficial aquifer in the area. As discussed above, confinement between the Water Table and Lower Tamiami aquifers present to the south of the site diminishes, along with the Tamiami limestone, and becomes absent in the Immokalee area. Well W-15535, located approximately 2.8 miles southeast of the project site, reports a distinct Lower Tamiami aquifer beginning at 85 feet bls. However, Well C2055, located 2 miles north-northeast of the project site reports the complete absence of the Lower Tamiami aquifer, with the Sandstone aquifer directly underlying a thick Surficial aquifer sequence. Soil borings taken at the Silver Strand III site appear more characteristic of the lithology reported at well C2055, which would support the proposed excavation depth of 100 feet. Water Level Data No active, publicly accessible monitoring wells appear to exist on the project site or within 2 miles of the site. The closest USGS monitoring well is C-298, located slightly greater than 2 miles north of the Silver Strand III site. C-298 is reported as open to the Sandstone aquifer with cased and total depths of 254 and 303 feet bls, respectively. This well has reported data from 1981 through 2023. Well C-966, a Surficial aquifer system well with located 2.7 miles southeast of the project site has reported data Page 7763 of 9661 Page 5 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 from 1984 through 2023. This well has cased and total depths of 30 to 40 feet, respectively. Nearly 5miles to the northwest in Immokalee, Surficial aquifer well C-1078, with respective cased and totaldepths of 38 and 45 feet bls, has a period of record from 1986 to 2023. Finally, a cluster of Surficial,Lower Tamiami and Sandstone aquifer monitoring wells is located 5.45 miles west of the project site.All these wells have reported water levels from 1986 through 2023. Surficial aquifer well C-981 has respective cased and total depths of 40 and 60 feet bls, while Lower Tamiami aquifer well C-982 has respective cased and total depths of 150 and 160 feet bls, and Sandstone aquifer well C-1079 has respective cased and total depths of 298 and 390 feet bls. While all these wells are located too far away to make definite statements about aquifer designations at the Silver Strand III project site, Lower Tamiami aquifer well C-982 (150-160 feet bls) exhibits an aquifer response consistent with that of a confined aquifer. Water level variations are more extreme than those in the unconfined Surficial aquifer and may drop up to 15-20 feet bls during the January/February period, which corresponds to the winter growing season. Agricultural operations in the region use the Lower Tamiami aquifer, and the Surficial/Water Table aquifer to a lesser extent, for irrigation supply, so the lowest water level periods coincide with the peak of the growing season rather than the typical minimum for systems driven primarily by rainfall, which occurs in May/June. Unconfined Surficial aquifer wells, such as C-966 and C-981, have a much smaller rage in water level, typically 5 to 6 feet, with lowest water level occurring in April or May. Agricultural operations in the area have used the Surficial aquifer for irrigation both historically and currently, to some extent, so the hydrographs for the USGS monitoring wells do show some evidence of this use, particularly in the period of record for the 1990s and early 2000s, which shows greater variations in water levels and annual lows that may occur any time from September to March. Surficial aquifer well C-1078 appears to exhibit hybrid behavior of unconfined and confined aquifer responses, with water level variations more extreme than those of C-966 and C-981 but not as great as those of Lower Tamiami aquifer well C-982. Peaks and lows observed at C-1078 generally coincide with those of C-982. Well C-1078, located in western Immokalee, may monitor a leaky confined zone within the Surficial aquifer, which might also have some degree of connection with the Lower Tamiami aquifer. In and north of Immokalee, where use of the Sandstone aquifer increases, the Sandstone aquifer exhibits similar trends to the Lower Tamiami aquifer, indicative of a confined aquifer. During the early part of the period of record, water levels in the Sandstone aquifer showed limited variability, with lows at the end of the dry season, which suggests limited use of the source. As use of the source for agricultural irrigation increased, annual ranges in water level also increased, starting in the late 1980s/early 1990s. Near the end of the period of record, peaks and lows in the Sandstone aquifer generally correspond with those of the Lower Tamiami aquifer. Aquifer nomenclature used in SFWMD permits in this area is not consistent among listed cased and total depths (e.g., nearby wells with similar cased and total depths may be classified as open to different aquifers), but generally, Surficial/Water Table aquifer wells have depths less than 100 feet, Lower Tamiami wells have production intervals within the 100 to 200-foot range, and Sandstone aquifer wells have depths within the 200 to 300-foot range. Page 7764 of 9661 Page 6 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 ONSITE WATER LEVEL DATA COLLECTIONTo assess the degree of hydraulic connection between the shallow and deeper zones of the Surficialaquifer at the project site, Peninsula Engineering implemented a water level monitoring program.Existing, deeper Surficial aquifer agricultural irrigation wells, typically classified as Lower Tamiamiaquifer on the water use permit, were equipped with data logging pressure transducers, as were shallow piezometers constructed next to the irrigation wells. A barometric pressure gauge was used to remove atmospheric influence from the well transducer data. LiDAR data was used to estimate ground level elevations at the well sites. Peninsula Engineering installed datalogging pressure transducers at J-32, located on the project site, which has collected data from August 2023 through present. An earlier data collection attempt at the similar J-2 site (located southeast of the project site) failed when a farmer put irrigation well J-2 into service without notice and pulled the pressure transducer from the well. Well J-32 has reported cased and total depths of 80 and 100 feet bls, respectively, and is classified as Lower Tamiami on the water use permit. The piezometer installed near J-32 has a total depth of approximately 5 feet bls. See Figures 2 and 3, respectively, for a location map of monitoring sites and plot of water level data along with rainfall from the Immokalee rain gauge, as reported through the SFWMD’s DBHydro site (DB key VN084). See Table 1 for monitoring well details. Well # TOC (ft. NAVD) Sensor zero (ft. NAVD) TOC to Natural Grade (ft.) Natural Grade (ft. NAVD) Natural Grade to sensor zero Latitude Longitude J-32 shallow 26.35 19.23 2.63 23.64 4.41 26Û 23' 09.62" 81Û 23' 05.48" J-32 Deep 24.49 13.35 0.60 23.90 10.55 26Û 23' 09.57" 81Û 23' 06.93" J-2 shallow 24.59 17.38 2.29 22.30 4.92 26Û 22' 56.17" 81Û 22' 28.61" J-2 deep 22.38 -8.26 0.08 22.30 30.56 26Û 22' 56.17" 81Û 22' 28.61" Table 1: Monitoring well details. Water elevations and trends in both the shallow and deep wells closely resemble each other and appear influenced primarily by rainfall.Neither of the wells exhibit obvious effects of irrigation pumpage or other withdrawals. These wells exhibit a smaller rage in water level, of 5 to 6 feet, with lowest water level occurring in April and May during periods of little to no rainfall. Water levels in both deep and shallow zones increase immediately following significant rainfall events and exhibit a rising trend during periods of frequent rainfall. If the deeper zone was semi-confined, its response to rainfall events would lag those of the shallow well. The water elevation data indicate both the shallow and the deeper zones are hydraulically connected to each other and to the surface hydrology, being driven by rainfall and with an overall lack of confinement between the two zones. The hydraulic connection between the deep and Page 7765 of 9661 Page 7 kimley-horn.com 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 239-271-2650 shallow zones of the Surficial aquifer at the project site supports a proposed excavation depth up to100 feet deep without breaching confining layers between distinct aquifers.Conclusions and RecommendationsIt appears little to no confinement exists across the Silver Strand III project site to within 100 feet bls. Multiple data sets reviewed in this assessment indicate no significant confinement within the Surficial aquifer in the area of the proposed excavation. Lithologic logs from borings taken on-site and “Golden Spike” wells published by the SFWMD show no clay or silt confining layers between producing zones up to 100 feet bls. Water level data collected at the project site supports the observed lack of confinement in the borings. Over extended periods of time, water levels in wells open to shallow and deep zones of the Surficial aquifer display nearly identical trends and behavior characteristic of an unconfined aquifer. Hydrogeologic information published by the SFWMD shows the Lower Tamiami aquifer absent entirely in the Immokalee area, with surficial sediments extending over 100 feet bls before the next aquifer is encountered. The SFWMD’s descriptions for the Immokalee “Golden Spike” well resemble conditions encountered at the Silver Strand III site. The combination of geotechnical borings to 100 feet bls, existing wells approximately 100 feet deep used to monitor water levels, and lithologic descriptions from nearby wells published by the SFWMD, along with 30 additional borings between 30 to 60 feet deep, provides a reasonable distribution of coverage across the project site. Lithology at the site generally consists of poorly graded sand to silty sand overlying a weathered/fractured limestone layer occurring between 20 to 30 feet bls approximately 10 to 15 feet thick and followed by poorly graded sand to silty sand. Some locations, primarily in the eastern half of the project site have a shallower, thinner limestone layer occurring between approximately 8 to 15 feet bls and 2 to 10 feet thick. In some of these locations, a second, deeper limestone layer begins around 40 feet bls, separated from the shallower layer by poorly graded silty sand. None of the boring descriptions reviewed included mention of clay or an obvious confining layer. Only the silty sands in SB-19, 20 and 32 have a measured percentage of fines passing the #200 sieve in excess of 30%. In all of these cases, the interval with high fines content terminates above 20 feet bls. Water level data collected at the project site from August 2023 to January 2024 show elevations and trends in co-located shallow and deep Surficial aquifer wells that closely resemble each other and appear influenced primarily by rainfall. The wells exhibit a smaller rage in water level, 5 to 6 feet, with lowest water levels occurring in April and May during periods of little to no rainfall, characteristic of unconfined aquifer behavior. Water levels in both deep and shallow zones increase immediately following significant rainfall events and exhibit a rising trend during periods of frequent rainfall. If the deeper zone was semi-confined, its response to rainfall events would lag those of the shallow well. The water elevation data indicate both the shallow and the deeper zones are hydraulically connected and driven by rainfall with an overall lack of confinement between the two zones up to 100 feet deep. Due to the lack of any significant confining layer within 100 feet of land surface and the noted behavior of water levels in the Surficial aquifer measured at the site, excavation of a mine lake to a depth of 100 feet at the Silver Strand III project site should not breach any confining layers or alter water levels long term. Page 7766 of 9661 Page 7767 of 9661 SILVER STRAND III COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Scale: As Noted Project No.: 248144002 February 2024 Figure 1 AERIAL MAP © 2021 Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 Phone: 239 271 2650 www.kimley-horn.com CA 00000696 K:\FTM_WaterUtilities\Projects\Ave Maria\SS III Confining Layer\SilverStrandIII2.mxd - 2/1/2024 11:47:41 AM - Kim.ArnoldSilver Strand III Mine Silver Strand III Grove/Farm SR 29SR 29Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community, Source: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics, and the GIS User Community I0 950 1,900Feet Page 7768 of 9661 SILVER STRAND III COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Scale: As Noted Project No.: 248144002 February 2024 Figure 2 AERIAL MAP © 2021 Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 1514 Broadway, Suite 301, Fort Myers, FL 33901 Phone: 239 271 2650 www.kimley-horn.com CA 00000696 K:\FTM_WaterUtilities\Projects\Ave Maria\SS III Confining Layer\SilverStrandIIIFig2.mxd - 2/1/2024 12:00:49 PM - Kim.ArnoldSilver Strand III Mine !. J-32 Deep & Shallow Deep: Cased depth: 80 ft bls Total depth: 100 ft bls J-2 Deep & Shallow Deep: Cased depth: 60 ft bls Total depth: 95 ft bls !. SR 29SR 29 Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community, Source: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics, and the GIS User Community I0370740Feet Page 7769 of 9661 00.511.522.533.5415.0016.0017.0018.0019.0020.0021.0022.0023.0024.0025.00Water Elevation(feetNAVD)DateFigure 3: Silver Strand III Well J-32Rainfall--ImmokaleeJ-32 ShallowJ-32 DeepJ-32 Land SurfacePage 7770 of 9661 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY FOR THE SILVER STRAND MINE PROPERTY, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Performed for: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, Florida 34105 Prepared by: Florida’s First Choice in Cultural Resource Management Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 (941) 379-6206 January 2023 Page 7771 of 9661 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY FOR THE SILVER STRAND MINE PROPERTY, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Performed for: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, Florida 34105 Conducted by: Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 Marion Almy - Project Manager Elizabeth A. Horvath - Project Archaeologist Justin Winkler – Archaeologist January 2023 Page 7772 of 9661 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) of the 275.79-acre Silver Strand Mine property in Collier County for Peninsula Engineering. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) is located between Immokalee Road and State Road 29. This CRAS was completed in January 2023 as due diligence in anticipation of permitting requirements. The project will involve construction of a mine. The purpose of this investigation was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the project APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the “geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist.” Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. Therefore, because of the project type and location of the proposed work, the archaeological and historical APE are limited to the footprint of the property. All work was carried out in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-655, as amended), as implemented by 36 CFR 800 (Protection of Historic Properties, effective August 2004), as well as Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statutes, Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code, and Florida’s Coastal Management Program. All work was performed in accordance with the standards and guidelines contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resources’ (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual: Module 3 (FDHR 2003). The Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards (48 Federal Register 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Background research and a review of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) and the NRHP indicated that there are three previously recorded archaeological sites within two miles of the APE; none is within the APE. There is a moderate to low potential for the occurrence of aboriginal archaeological sites based upon the environmental setting. There is a low potential for historic archaeological sites, although evidence of the timber, naval stores, and agricultural industries may be uncovered. The investigations consisted of surface reconnaissance combined with systematic and judgmental subsurface testing. All one-hundred-sixty-nine shovel tests were negative; no archaeological sites were identified. Historical background research, including a review of the FMSF and NRHP, indicated that no historic resources are located within the APE. A review of the historic aerial photos, United States Geological Survey quadrangle map, and the Collier County Property Appraiser’s data suggested no potential for historic resources within the APE. This was confirmed by the field investigations. Given the results of background research and field survey, including the excavation of 169 shovel tests, no archaeological sites or historic resources were discovered. As such, there are no cultural resources that are listed, eligible for listing, or that appear potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the APE. Therefore, it is the professional opinion of ACI that the proposed undertaking will result in no historic properties affected. Page 7773 of 9661 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1-1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Project Location and Setting ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Physiography and Geology ....................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Soils and Vegetation .................................................................................................. 2-3 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations .......................................................................... 2-5 3.0 CULTURE HISTORY ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Paleoindian ................................................................................................................ 3-2 3.2 Archaic ...................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.3 Glades ........................................................................................................................ 3-4 3.4 Caloosahatchee .......................................................................................................... 3-5 3.5 Colonialism ............................................................................................................... 3-7 3.6 Territorial and Statehood ........................................................................................... 3-8 3.7 Civil War and Aftermath ......................................................................................... 3-12 3.8 Twentieth Century ................................................................................................... 3-14 3.9 APE Specifics .......................................................................................................... 3-18 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS ..................................................... 4-1 4.1 Archaeological Considerations .................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Historical Considerations .......................................................................................... 4-5 4.3 Field Methodology .................................................................................................... 4-6 4.4 Inadvertent/Unanticipated Discoveries ..................................................................... 4-6 4.5 Laboratory Methods/Curation ................................................................................... 4-7 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Archaeological .......................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Historical ................................................................................................................... 5-5 5.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 5-5 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ....................................................................................................... 6-1 APPENDIX Survey Log Page 7774 of 9661 iii LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND PHOTOGRAPHS Figure Figure 1.1. Location of the Silver Strand Mine APE. .................................................................. 1-2 Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE. ............................................................................ 2-2 Figure 2.2. Soil type distribution within the APE. ....................................................................... 2-6 Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions. ............................................................................... 3-1 Figure 3.2. 1839 Mackay and Blake map showing the APE. ...................................................... 3-9 Figure 3.3. 1856 Ives map showing the APE. ........................................................................... 3-11 Figure 3.4. 1874 plat showing the APE. .................................................................................... 3-13 Figure 3.5. 1954 Copeland map showing the APE. ................................................................... 3-16 Figure 3.6. 1954 Collier County soil map showing the APE. .................................................... 3-16 Figure 3.7. 1958 quad map showing the APE. .......................................................................... 3-17 Figure 3.8. 1940 and 1980 aerial photographs showing the APE. ............................................. 3-19 Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded archaeological sites near the APE. .................. 4-2 Figure 5.1. Location of the shovel tests in the western portion of the APE. ............................... 5-3 Figure 5.2. Location of the shovel tests in the eastern portion of the APE.................................. 5-4 Table Table 2.1. Soil types within the APE. ........................................................................................ 2-5 Table 4.1. CRAS projects conducted proximate to the APE. ..................................................... 4-3 Table 4.2. Distribution of sites by water type and distance. ....................................................... 4-4 Table 4.3. Distribution of sites by drainage and soil types. ........................................................ 4-4 Photo Photo 2.1. Palm silviculture. ....................................................................................................... 2-1 Photo 2.2. Citrus grove. .............................................................................................................. 2-3 Photo 2.3. Cleared citrus grove................................................................................................... 2-3 Photo 2.4. Unidentified row crops. ............................................................................................. 2-4 Photo 2.5. Drainage canal in the eastern portion of the APE. .................................................... 2-4 Photo 5.1. Shovel test in the palm plantation. ............................................................................ 5-1 Photo 5.2. Shovel test in the cleared citrus grove. ...................................................................... 5-2 Photo 5.3. Stratigraphy in the area of row crops. ....................................................................... 5-2 Photo 5.4. Stratigraphy in the active citrus groves. .................................................................... 5-2 Page 7775 of 9661 ACI 1-1 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 1.0 INTRODUCTION Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) of the 275.79-acre Silver Strand Mine property in Collier County for Peninsula Engineering. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) is located between Immokalee Road and State Road (SR) 29 (Figure 1.1). This CRAS was completed in January 2023 as due diligence in anticipation of permitting requirements. The project will involve construction of a mine. The purpose of this investigation was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the project APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the “geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist.” Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. Therefore, because of the project type and location of the proposed work, the archaeological and historical APE are limited to the footprint of the property. All work was carried out in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-655, as amended), as implemented by 36 CFR 800 (Protection of Historic Properties, effective August 2004), as well as Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statutes (FS), Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code, and Florida’s Coastal Management Program. All work was performed in accordance with the standards and guidelines contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resources’ (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual: Module 3 (FDHR 2003). The Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards (48 Federal Register 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Background research preceded the field investigations. Such research provides and informed set of expectation as to the types and locations of resources expected within the APE. In addition, the data can be used to assess the significance of any sites discovered. Page 7776 of 9661 ACI 1-2 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 1.1. Location of the Silver Strand Mine APE. Page 7777 of 9661 ACI 2-1 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Environmental factors such as geology, topography, relative elevation, soils, vegetation, and water are important in determining where archaeological sites are likely to be located. These variables influenced what types of resources were available in a given area, which in turn influenced decisions regarding settlement location and land-use patterns. Because of the influence of these environmental factors upon the inhabitants, a discussion of the environment is included. 2.1 Project Location and Setting The 275.79-acre APE is located in Sections 13-15 of Township 47 South, Range 29 East (United States [U.S.] Geological Survey [USGS] Immokalee 2013) (Figure 2.1). The APE is located between Immokalee Road and SR 29, about one mile south of the Immokalee Reservation. Over 50% of the APE consists of active and abandoned citrus groves. The remaining areas far to the east consist of repurposed grove now occupied by Sago, Royal, and Fan palm sylviculture and a smaller central area immediately east of the farm buildings contains plowed farm rows of unidentified cultivars (Photos 2.1-2.4). There are also numerous drainage canals through the APE (Photo 2.5). Photo 2.1. Palm silviculture. 2.2 Physiography and Geology According to White (1970), Collier County is included in the southern, or distal, physiographic zone, and more specifically, the APE is within the Immokalee Rise physiographic zone. It sits at an elevation of 20-25 feet [ft] above mean sea level (amsl). The APE is underlain by the Tamiami formation, which is surficially evidenced by shelly sand and clay (Lane 1981; Scott 2001; Scott et al. 2001). Page 7778 of 9661 ACI 2-2 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE. Page 7779 of 9661 ACI 2-3 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Photo 2.2. Citrus grove. Photo 2.3. Cleared citrus grove. 2.3 Soils and Vegetation According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the APE is primarily situated within Immokalee-Oldsmar-Basinger soil association; the eastern end falls within the Holopaw-Wabasso- Winder association. The former consists of nearly level, poorly drained, sandy soils on flatwoods and in sloughs. The natural vegetation consists of saw palmetto and some areas of scattered South Florida slash pine, waxmyrtle, and gallberry. The sloughs support scattered areas of slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, saw palmetto, waxmyrtle, sand cordgrass, pineland threeawn, panicums, and chalky bluestem. Page 7780 of 9661 ACI 2-4 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Photo 2.4. Unidentified row crops. Photo 2.5. Drainage canal in the eastern portion of the APE. The Holopaw-Wabasso-Webster association is characterized by nearly level, poorly and very poorly drained, sandy soils with a loamy subsoil. They occur of the flatwoods, sloughs, and in small, closed depressions. The flatwoods vegetation consists of saw palmetto and some areas of scattered South Florida slash pine, gallberry, and waxmyrtle. The sloughs support scattered areas of South Florida slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, saw palmetto, waxmyrtle, sand cordgrass, pineland threeawn, panicums, and chalky bluestem. The native vegetation inf the closed depressions include pickerelweed, St. Johnswort, and maidencane. Table 2.1 provides a list of the soils within the APE and their locations are depicted on Figure 2.2 (USDA 2021). Page 7781 of 9661 ACI 2-5 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Table 2.1. Soil types within the APE. Soil type, % slopes Drainage Setting Basinger fine sand, 0-2% Poor Sloughs and poorly defined drainageways Chobee, Winder and Gator soils, frequently ponded (fp), 0-1% Very poor Depressions and marshes Cypress Lake fine sand, 0-2% Poor Flatwoods Ft. Drum-Malabar, high, association Poor Ridges along sloughs Holopaw-Okeelanta, fp, 0-1% Very poor Depressions and marshes Holopaw fine sand, 0-2% Poor Sloughs and poorly defined drainageways Malabar fine sand, 0-2% Poor Sloughs and poorly defined drainageways Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% Poor Flatwoods Wabasso fine sand, 0-2% Poor Flatwoods The soils support different vegetative regimes, which in turn provide habitats for the local animal population. The Natural Vegetation of Florida map indicates that the APE is in pine flatwoods (Davis 1980). Soils have variable suitability for openland, woodland, and wetland habitats. The habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland, pasture, meadows, and areas that are overgrown with grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas produce grain and seed crops, grasses, and legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. The wildlife attracted to these areas include bobwhite quail, dove, sandhill crane, meadowlark, field sparrow, and cottontail. Cypress Lake, Malabar, Holopaw, and Oldsmar sands are rated fair for openlands. Woodland wildlife habitat includes area of deciduous plants or coniferous plants or both and associated grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife attracted to these areas include turkey, barred owls, thrushes, woodpeckers, squirrels, gray fox, racoon, and white-tailed deer. Ft. Drum, Holopaw, Oldsmar, and Wabasso sands are rated fair for woodlands. The habitat for wetland wildlife includes areas of open, marshy, or swampy, shallow water areas. Wildlife in these areas include ducks, egrets, herons, shore birds, ibis, otter, and alligators (Liudahl et al. 1998: Table 6). Chobee, Winder and Gator soils and Holopaw-Okeelanta soils are well suited to wetlands; Basinger, Cypress Lake, Malabar-high, Holopaw, and Malabar soils are rated fair. Soils not mentioned above are rate poor or very poor for that habitat. 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations The early environment of the region was different from that seen today. Sea levels were lower, the climate was arid, and fresh water was scarce. An understanding of human ecology during the earliest periods of human occupation in Florida cannot be based on observations of the modern environment because of changes in water availability, botanical communities, and faunal resources. Aboriginal inhabitants would have developed cultural adaptations in response to the environmental changes taking place, which were then reflected in settlement patterns, site types, artifact forms, and subsistence economies. Due to arid conditions between 16,500 and 12,500 years ago, the perched water aquifer and potable water supplies were absent. Palynological studies conducted in Florida and Georgia suggest that between 13,000 and 5000 years ago, this area was covered with an upland vegetation community of scrub oak and prairie (Watts 1969, 1971, 1975). However, the environment was not static. Evidence recovered from the inundated Page-Ladson Site in north Florida has clearly demonstrated that there were two periods of low water tables and dry climatic conditions and two episodes of elevated water tables and wet conditions (Dunbar 2006b). Page 7782 of 9661 ACI 2-6 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 2.2. Soil type distribution within the APE. Page 7783 of 9661 ACI 2-7 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 By 5000 years ago, a climatic event marking a brief return to Pleistocene climatic conditions induced a change toward more open vegetation. Southern pine forests replaced the oak savannahs. Extensive marshes and swamps developed along the coasts and subtropical hardwood forests became established along the southern tip of Florida (Delcourt and Delcourt 1981). Northern Florida saw an increase in oak species, grasses, and sedges (Carbone 1983). In south central Florida, pollen cores were dominated by wax myrtle and pine. The assemblage suggests that by this time, a forest dominated by longleaf pine along with cypress swamps and bayheads were present (Watts 1971, 1975). About 5000 years ago, surface water was plentiful in karst terrains and the level of the Floridan aquifer rose to five feet above present levels. With the establishment of warmer winters and cooler summers than in the preceding early Holocene, the fire-adapted pine communities prevailed. These depend on the high summer precipitation caused by the thunderstorms and the accompanying lightning strikes to spark the fires (Watts et al. 1996; Watts and Hansen 1994). The increased precipitation also resulted in the formation of the large swamp systems such as the Okefenokee and Everglades (Gleason and Stone 1994). After this time, modern floral, climatic, and environmental conditions began to be established. Page 7784 of 9661 ACI 3-1 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 3.0 CULTURE HISTORY A discussion of the culture history the region provides a framework within which the local archaeological and historic record can be examined. Archaeological and historic sites are not individual entities but are the remains of once dynamic cultural systems. As a result, they cannot be adequately examined or interpreted without reference to other sites and resources in the area. In general, the culture history of an area (i.e., an archaeological region) outlines the sequence of archaeological cultures through time. These cultures are defined largely in geographical terms but also reflect shared environmental and cultural factors. The project area is situated at the interface of the Caloosahatchee and Glades archaeological regions (Carr and Beriault 1984; Griffin 2002) (Figure 3.1). It should be noted that this regional assignment is one of several competing interpretations for the area, and Griffin (2002) supplies an excellent discussion of alterative groupings. Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions. The area is better understood after the introduction of pottery (ca. 500 Before Common Era [BCE]). Prior to this, regional characteristics of native populations are not easily identified, as malleable materials such as textiles and basketry, which lend themselves to cultural expression, are typically destroyed by environmental processes. With the arrival of pottery, the clay provided both a means of cultural expression and an archaeologically durable artifact. Thus, the use of pottery as a marker of cultural diversity probably post-dates the inception of distinct Florida cultures by many centuries. The local history of the region is divided into four broad periods named with reference to the prevailing governmental powers or historical trends. The first period, Colonialism, occurred during the exploration and control of Florida by the Spanish and British from around 1513 until 1821. At that time, Florida became a territory of the U.S. and 21 years later became a State (Territorial and Statehood). The Civil War and Aftermath (1861-1899) period covers the Civil War, the period of Reconstruction Page 7785 of 9661 ACI 3-2 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 following the war, and the late 1800s, when the transportation systems were dramatically increased and development throughout the state expanded. The Twentieth Century period has subperiods based on important historic events such as the World Wars, the Boom of the 1920s, and the Depression. Each of these periods evidenced differential development and utilization of the region, thus effecting the historic archeological site distribution. 3.1 Paleoindian The Paleoindian stage is the earliest known cultural manifestation in Florida, dating from roughly 16,250-11,700 calibrated years before present (cal yr BP) (Anderson et al. 2019:258). Archaeological evidence for Paleoindians consists primarily of scattered finds of diagnostic lanceolate- shaped projectile points. The Florida peninsula at that time was quite different than today. In general, During this time, the climate of South Florida was much drier than today. Sea level was 260-425 ft lower than present, and the coast extended approximately 100 miles seaward on the Gulf coast. With lower sea levels, today’s well-watered inland environments were arid uplands (Milanich 1994). Lake Okeechobee, the Caloosahatchee, Myakka, and Peace Rivers, the Big Cypress, and the Everglades were probably dry. Because of drier global conditions and little or no surface water available for evaporation, Florida’s rainfall was much lower than at present (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980). Potable water was obtainable at sinkholes where the lower water table could be reached. Plant and animal life were also more diverse around the oases that were frequented by both people and game animals (Milanich 1994; Widmer 1988). Thus, the prevailing environmental conditions were largely uninviting to human habitation during the Paleoindian period (Griffin 2002). Given the inhospitable climate, it is not surprising that the population was sparse and Paleoindian sites are uncommon in south Florida. Exceptions include two sites to the north in Sarasota County, Little Salt Springs (Clausen et al. 1979) and Warm Mineral Springs (Clausen et al. 1975a, 1975b; Cockrell and Murphy 1978) and one site to the southeast, Cutler Fossil Site, in Dade County (Carr 1986). Archaeologists hypothesize that this period was characterized by small groups utilizing a hunting and gathering mode of subsistence. Dunbar (2006a:540) suggests that Paleoindians identified and migrated to “unexploited resource-rich areas” of food. Permanent sources of water, scarce during this time, were very important in settlement selection as well (Daniel and Wisenbaker 1987). This settlement model, often referred to as the Oasis Hypothesis (Milanich 1994:41), has a high correlation with geologic features in southern Florida such as deep sink holes like those noted in Sarasota and Dade counties. Sites of this period are most readily identified based on distinctive lanceolate shaped stone projectile points including those of the Simpson and Suwannee types (Bullen 1975). The tool assemblage also included items manufactured of bone, wood, and very likely leather, as well as plant fibers (Clausen et al. 1979). 3.2 Archaic The succeeding Archaic period is divided into three temporal periods: Early Archaic (ca. 7000 to 5000 BCE), Middle Archaic (ca. 5000 to 2000 BCE), and the Late Archaic (ca. 2000 to 500 BCE). According to Widmer (1988), the extreme aridity of the south Florida region during the Early Archaic period may have led to the abandonment of the area. Sites of the Early Archaic and Middle Archaic are not common in southern Florida. James Pepe confirmed the location of three Early Archaic and 13 Middle Archaic sites in the 13-county Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) area (Janus Research 2008). Initially, the settlement patterns and tools of the Early Archaic were similar to those of the preceding Paleoindian period, but through time, more wetland habitats began to emerge. Page 7786 of 9661 ACI 3-3 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 During the Archaic, marked environmental changes occurred that had profound influence upon human settlement and subsistence practices. Humans adapted to this changing environment and regional differences are reflected in the archaeological record (Russo 1994a, 1994b; Sassaman 2008). Among the landscape alterations were rises in sea and water table levels that resulted in the creation of more available surface water. It was during this period that Lake Okeechobee, the Everglades, the Big Cypress Swamp, and the Caloosahatchee and Peace Rivers formed. In addition hydrological changes, this period is characterized by the spread of mesic forests and the beginnings of modern vegetation communities including pine forests and cypress swamps (Griffin 2002; Widmer 1988). Two Early Archaic horizons, the Bolen and the Kirk, have been identified (Janus Research 2008). The main diagnostic markers for the Bolen Early Archaic are side-notched projectile points such as the Bolen and Greenbriar types (Austin 1997; Bullen 1975) as well as Kirk Corner-Notched (Farr 2006). Other stone artifacts include adzes, Edgefield scrapers, end scrapers, spokeshaves with graver spurs, side scrapers, and Waller knives (Purdy 1981). In southern Florida, the archaeological record for the Middle Archaic is better known than the Early Archaic. Among the material culture inventory are several varieties of stemmed, broad blade projectile points including those of the Newnan, Levy, Marion, and Putnam types (Bullen 1975). At sites where preservation is good, such as sinkholes and ponds, an elaborate bone tool assemblage is recognized along with shell tools and complicated weaving (Beriault et al. 1981; Wheeler 1994). In addition, artifacts have been found in the surrounding upland areas, such as the upland palmetto and pine flatwoods surrounding the Bay West Site (Beriault et al. 1981). Along the coast, excavations on both Horr’s Island in Collier County and Useppa Island in Lee County (Milanich et al. 1984; Russo 1991) have uncovered pre-ceramic shell middens that date to the Middle Archaic period. The Horr’s Island shell ring is accompanied by at least three ceremonial mounds. Large architectural features such as these were designed to divide, separate, and elevate above other physical positions within the settlement as a reflection and reinforcement of the social segmentation within society (Russo 2008:21). Mortuary sites, characterized by interments in shallow ponds and sloughs, as discovered at the Little Salt Springs Site in Sarasota County (Clausen et al. 1979) and the Bay West Site in Collier County (Beriault et al. 1981), are also distinctive of the Middle Archaic. The beginning of the Late (or Ceramic) Archaic period is similar to the Middle Archaic but includes the addition of pottery. The earliest pottery in the south Florida region is fiber-tempered (Orange Plain and Orange Incised), as represented at sites on Key Marco (Cockrell 1970; Widmer 1974). Projectile points of the Late Archaic are primarily stemmed and corner-notched, and include the Culbreath, Clay, and Lafayette types (Bullen 1975). Other Late Archaic lithic tools included hafted scrapers and ovate and triangular-shaped knives (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980) Essentially modern environmental conditions were reached by the beginning of the Late Archaic period, when freshwater resources were available throughout southern Florida. Sea levels continued to rise slightly during the post Archaic periods, inundating small knolls located along the edge of the Everglades in the process (Carr et al. 1991:125-126; Wheeler 2004:49). The emergence of stable coastal environments led to greater estuarine richness, which permitted larger human populations and regionalization of cultures as people adapted to specific habitats (Milanich 1994:83). The South Florida Native Americans increased their reliance on marine resources in coastal areas and expanded hunting, fishing, and plant collection throughout the interior (Carr 2002:195). Until recently, variations of Bullen’s chronology for the Late Archaic Orange culture in northeastern Florida were generally used for the Late Archaic in southern Florida. Fiber-tempered pottery, the earliest known for all of North America, was considered a marker for the ceramic portion of the Late Archaic. The use of this standard fiber-tempered sequence for the Late Archaic in southern Page 7787 of 9661 ACI 3-4 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Florida has come into question. Based on his research in southwestern Florida, Widmer (1988:68) hypothesized that the earliest Late Archaic sites included “untempered chalky pottery and limestone-tempered pottery as well as the usual fiber-tempered Orange pottery.” Austin (1997:136) stated that the “identification of a true Orange Horizon in south Florida is debatable.” Instead, what is more common is the presence of “semi-fiber tempered” pottery in the basal levels of middens, “often in association with thick St. Johns Plain or sand tempered plain sherds, and overlying either culturally sterile sands, or sparse scatters of lithic artifacts” (Austin 1996, 1997). Both Widmer and Austin agreed that semi-fiber tempered components at sites throughout southern Florida are “ephemeral” and soon replaced in the archaeological record by components consisting exclusively of sand-tempered pottery (Austin 1997:136; Widmer 1988:72-73). Importantly, it is now becoming clear that many of the ubiquitous faunal bone middens located in the interior wetlands of southern Florida date to the Late Archaic, despite the fact that many of them lack pottery. Such sites are difficult to date because, not only do they often lack chronologically diagnostic artifacts, most of the faunal bone at the sites lacks collagen, which is the datable material in bone samples. Nonetheless, ongoing research by the National Park Service in the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park has yielded dense aceramic faunal bone middens yielding radiocarbon dates between 2800 and 1500 BCE (Schwadron 2006). 3.3 Glades The termination of the Late or Ceramic Archaic corresponds to a time of environmental change. The maturing of productive estuarine systems was accompanied by cultural changes leading to the establishment of what John Goggin originally defined as the “Glades Tradition” (Griffin 2002:148). The Glades Tradition was characterized by “the exploitation of the food resources of the tropical coastal waters, with secondary dependence on game and some use of wild plant foods. Agriculture was apparently not practiced, but pottery was extensively used” (Goggin 1949:28). Unlike much of peninsular Florida, the region does not contain deposits of chert, and as such, stone artifacts are rare. Instead of stone, shell and bone were used as raw materials for tools (Milanich 1994:302). Most information concerning the post-500 BCE aboriginal populations is derived from coastal sites where the subsistence patterns are typified by the extensive exploitation of fish and shellfish, wild plants, and inland game, like deer. Inland sites show a greater reliance on interior wetland resources. Known inland sites often consist of sand burial mounds and shell and dirt middens along major water courses, and small dirt middens containing animal bone and pottery in oak/palm hammocks, or palm tree islands associated with freshwater marshes (Griffin 2002). These islands of dry ground provided space for settlements (Carr 2002). Glades I - Beginning around 500 BCE, fiber-tempered and semi fiber-tempered pottery of the Late Archaic period was replaced by sand-tempered pottery (Glades Plain). This change in tempering agent marks the beginning the Glades cultural tradition. For 700 years, sand-tempered plain pottery dominated the assemblage, but from 200 CE (Common Era) and lasting until 800 CE, Gordon’s Pass Incised, Sanibel Incised, and an, as of yet unclassified decorated pottery type, were the predominant decorated types (Carr and Beriault 1984; Griffin 2002). The tremendous increase in Glades I sites within the Big Cypress indicates a dramatic increase in the usage of the area during this time (Widmer 1988), and the geographic extent of the Glades I diagnostics indicates a considerable degree of interchange and interaction (Griffin 2002:154). Glades II - The Glades II era (800 to 1200 CE) is marked by a tremendous diversity in decorated ceramic types. Goggin (n.d.) described the decorations as being “neatly and cleanly cut and Page 7788 of 9661 ACI 3-5 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 apparently made with swift cutting strokes while the clay is partially dry.” Glades IIa (750-900 CE) is identified by the presence of Key Largo Incised, Opa Locka Incised, and Miami Incised. During Glades IIb (900-1100 CE), Key Largo Incised remained the primary decorated ware. The number of sites increased, and the period would appear to be one of “relative stability in technology and subsistence” (Griffin 2002:158). From ca. 1100 to 1200 CE there is conspicuous absence of decorated pottery, and the number of sites drops dramatically (Griffin 2002:158). This cultural hiatus has been correlated to the NeoAtlantic warm period and associated with high sea levels (Fairbridge 1984; Gleason et al. 1984). Glades III - The Glades III era begins with the reintroduction of decorated ceramics; however, the motifs and techniques are noticeably different from previous styles. Glades IIIa (1200-1400 CE) is identified by the appearance of Surfside Incised, St. Johns Check Stamped, and Safety Harbor wares. There is also an accompanying increase in bone ornaments. Then again, ca. 1400 CE, ceramic decoration ceases with the exception of tooled rim types (Griffin 2002:159). Griffin hypothesizes that this ceramic style might have been associated with increasing Calusa influence in the area (Griffin 2002:159). Whereas the earlier cultural periods of the Glades area are defined exclusively by the archaeological record, historical documents provide greater information, including tribal names, for the peoples of the terminal Glades III period. Much of the early historical ethnographic information is derived from the account of Hernando d’Escalante Fontaneda, a Spanish captive of the Calusa (True 1944). During his 17-year captivity, Fontaneda learned of the political structure, economy, social hierarchy, and religion of the south Florida Indians. 3.4 Caloosahatchee The termination of the Late or Ceramic Archaic corresponds to a time of environmental change. The maturing of productive estuarine systems was accompanied by cultural changes leading to the establishment of what John Goggin defined as the “Glades Tradition” (Griffin 1988:133). It was characterized by “the exploitation of the food resources of the tropical coastal waters, with secondary dependence on game and some use of wild plant foods. Agriculture was apparently never practiced, but pottery was extensively used” (Goggin 1949:28). Unlike much of peninsular Florida, the region does not contain deposits of chert, and as such stone artifacts are rare. Instead of stone, shell and bone were used as raw materials for tools (Milanich 1994:302). Most information concerning the post-500 BCE aboriginal populations is derived from coastal sites where the subsistence patterns are typified by the extensive exploitation of fish and shellfish, wild plants, and inland game, like deer. Although Widmer postulated environmental stability for the Calusa, this was far from the truth based upon the recent environmental reconstructions (Walker 2013; Widmer 1988). Inland sites show a greater, if not exclusive reliance on interior resources. Known inland sites often consist of sand burial mounds and shell and dirt middens along major water courses, and small dirt middens containing animal bone and ceramic sherds in oak/palm hammocks, or palm tree islands associated with freshwater marshes (Griffin 1988). These islands of dry ground provided space for settlements (Carr 2002). The settlement pattern of the Caloosahatchee people at this time consisted of large villages (25 ac with about 400 people), small villages (9 ac / 50 people), and fishing hamlets and/or collection stations (2.5 ac, temporary, task specific site) (Widmer 1988). The larger sites are located in the coastal areas, whereas most of the interior sites are seen as short-term hunting stations occupied by special task groups from the permanent coastal villages (Widmer 1988:226). Page 7789 of 9661 ACI 3-6 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Caloosahatchee I, ca. 500 BCE to 500 CE, is characterized by thick, sand-tempered plain sherds with rounded lips, some St. Johns Plain ceramics, the appearance of Pineland Plain ceramics (tempered with sponge spicules and medium to fine quartz sand), and the absence of Belle Glade ceramics (Marquardt 1999:85). Based on the faunal analysis from Useppa Island and Pineland, fish was the primary meat source with whelks and conchs being the primary shellfish food. Botanical materials utilized include chenopod, panic grass, talinum, mallow, red mangrove, waxmyrtle, pine, buttonwood, and seagrape (Marquardt 1999:87). Data on burial customs for this time are unknown; on Pineland, the use of burial mounds began around 1000 CE (Marquardt and Walker 2013). Small discrete shell middens located along the coast may have represented clustered habitation areas for extended kin groups or lineages, and through time, the lower lying areas were filled in to make a larger elongated shell work (Schober 2014). A dramatic increase of Belle Glade ceramics marks the Caloosahatchee II period (500-1200 CE). Cordell (1992) has divided the Caloosahatchee II period into IIA and IIB based on the appearance of Belle Glade Red ceramics at about 800 CE. In addition, the IIA and IIB time ranges roughly correlate with two contrasting climate/sea-level episodes (Walker 2013). These changes in ceramics may also indicate the resurgence of ceremonial mound use, a characteristic of the period. Shell from other locales at these large ceremonial centers (e.g., Mound Key, Pineland) and villages sites (Estero) were used to increase the size of many of the shell mounds. Burials occurred in sand mounds and in natural sand ridges with both primary flexed and secondary bundle burials. The number of shell middens or village sites increased (Milanich 1994:319) and evidence of ranked societies appears (Widmer 1988:93). However, Schober notes there was an apparent abandonment of many sites in inland bays and on barrier islands (Schober 2014). The Wightman Site has three non-mortuary ceremonial mounds connected by shell causeways (Fradkin 1976). In addition, the large Pineland Canal appears to have been constructed at this time (Luer 1989a, 1989b). It is possible that the large Pineland complex served as the center of Calusa society at this time (cf. Milanich 1995:44). During this time, it had been postulated that sea levels were higher than during the Caloosahatchee I period, or that the coastal area was under greater influence from nearby ocean inlets. This is based on the higher diversity of faunal remains and the increased number higher salinity-based food stuffs (Walker 1992). The number of shell midden or village sites increased, and shell tools (hafted shell hammers and cutting edged tools) became more diverse (Marquardt 1992:429; Milanich 1994:319). The Caloosahatchee III period (1200 to 1350 CE) is identified by the appearance of St. Johns Check Stamped and Pinellas Plain ceramics (Cordell 1992). Belle Glade Plain ceramics continue to be the dominant type, with sand tempered plain and Pineland Plain also occurring. Marquardt (1992:430) notes that no obvious changes in the settlement and subsistence patterns based upon the archaeological evidence even though this is the beginning of the Little Ice Age (Marquardt 2013). The accumulation and/or build-up of midden-mounds continued in a constricted spatial pattern, as in the IB period (Marquardt and Walker 2012). Sand burial mounds continued to be utilized, often containing Englewood and Safety Harbor vessels. A number of mounds from this period have had radially placed extended burials within the mounds (Luer and Almy 1987). The Caloosahatchee IV period (1400-1513 CE) is characterized by the appearance of numerous trade wares from the adjoining regions (Widmer 1988:86). These types include Glades Tooled and pottery of the Safety Harbor series. There was also a decrease in popularity of Belle Glade Plain ceramics (Milanich 1994:321). Sand tempered plain pottery, with square and flattened lips, is the most common (Cordell 1992:168). There is also an increase in Pineland Plain ceramics. Around 1400 CE, the use of incising on ceramics in the Glades and Caloosahatchee regions ceased and the ceramic assemblages of the two areas were very homogeneous (Marquardt 1992:431). Some have suggested that this represents an expansion of the Calusa within this area (Griffin 1988; McGregor 1974). Large Page 7790 of 9661 ACI 3-7 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 villages sites continued to accumulate midden-mounds and the dead were interred in sand burial mounds (Marquardt 2013). 3.5 Colonialism The cultural traditions of the native Floridians changed as a result of European expansion into America. The initial events, authorized by the Spanish crown in the 1500s, ushered in devastating European contact. After Ponce de Leon’s landing near St. Augustine and circumnavigation of the peninsula in 1513, official Spanish explorations were confined to the west coast of Florida until 1565. Florida’s east coast, lacking deep-water harbors like Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor, was left to a few shipwrecked sailors from treasure ships, which, by 1551, sailed through the Straits of Florida on their way to Spain. When the first Europeans arrived in coastal southwest Florida in the 16th century, they encountered the Calusa, a powerful, complex society ruled by a paramount chief. The principal town of the Calusa is thought to have been on Mound Key in Estero Bay. Documents suggest that the Calusa chief ruled over 50 towns, from which he exacted tribute (Widmer 1988). Between 1513 and 1558, Spain launched several expeditions of exploration and ultimately failed, colonization of La Florida. Archaeological evidence of contact can be found in the form of European trade goods such as glass beads, bells, and trinkets recovered from village sites. Prior to the settlement of St. Augustine in 1565, European contact with the indigenous peoples was sporadic and brief; however, the repercussions were devastating. The southeastern Native American population of 1500 has been estimated at 1.5 to 2 million (Dobyns 1983). Following exposure to Old World diseases such as bubonic plague, dysentery, influenza, and smallpox, epidemics to which they had no immunity, the Native American population was reduced by as much as 90% (Ramenofsky 1987). The social consequences of such a swift and merciless depopulation were staggering. Within 87 years of Ponce de Leon’s landing, the Mississippian cultures of the Southeast were collapsed (Smith 1987). In 1708, the Spanish government reported that three hundred refugees were all that remained of the original Florida population (Mulroy 1993). Along the Gulf Coast between Charlotte Harbor and Tampa Bay, Spanish and Cuban fisherfolk established communities, or “ranchos,” with the earliest being at Useppa Island and San Carlos Bay (Hammond 1973; Palov 1999). There is growing archaeological evidence that the surviving Native Americans of the region were assimilated into these mixed communities (Almy 2001; Hann 1991; Neill 1968; Palov 1999). These west coast ranchos supplied dried fish to Cuban and northern markets until the mid-1830s, when the Seminole Indian Wars and customs control closed the fisheries. During the two centuries following the settlement of St. Augustine, the Spanish widened their Florida holdings to include the settlement at Pensacola and a garrison at Saint Marks. With the English to the north and the French to the west, the Spanish colony of La Florida was extremely fragile. In the early 1700s, Spain invited some of the Lower Creek Indians, displaced by British settlements, into La Florida to provide a hostile buffer against the British (Mulroy 1993). What formed as a border population evolved as other bands of Lower Creek extraction moved into the peninsula. This first migration formed a confederation, which included Cowkeeper and his Alachua band, the Apalachicolas, and the Mikasukis (Mulroy 1993). The Treaty of Paris (1763) reallocated the British, French, and Spanish holdings in America. As a result, Florida was ceded to the English. After this, bands of Upper Creek, Muskogee speakers, began moving into Florida, increasing the Native American population to around two thousand by 1790 (Mulroy 1993). Although cultural distinctions existed between the various Native American groups entering Florida, Europeans collectively called them Seminoles: Page 7791 of 9661 ACI 3-8 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 The word Seminole means runaway or broken off. Hence Seminole is a distinctive appellation, applicable to all the Indians in the Territory of Florida, as all of them run away, or broke off, from the Creek or Nuiscoge [Muskogee] nation (U.S. Congress 1837). The Seminoles formed, at various times, loose confederacies for mutual protection against the new American Nation to the north (Tebeau 1980:72). The Seminoles were joined by escaped slaves from South Carolina and Georgia (Porter 1996). The loss of slave labor, particularly in light of the abolitionists’ movement in the northeast, coupled with the anxiety of having a free and hostile slave population immediately to the south, caused great concern among plantation owners. This historically underestimated nuance of the Seminole Wars prompted General Thomas S. Jesup to say, “This you may be assured is a negro and not an Indian War” (Knetsch 2003:104). Following the Treaty of Paris (1763), the ensuing decades witnessed the American Revolution during which British loyalists immigrated to Florida. Following the Revolution, the second Treaty of Paris (1783) returned Florida to Spain; however, Spanish influence was nominal during this second period of ownership. For the next 36 years, Spain, from the vantage of Florida, watched with growing concern as the infant American Nation to the north gained momentum. When the U.S. acquired the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803, Spain was hemmed in. When the Seminoles began cross-border raids from Spanish Florida into the United States, General Andrew Jackson was commission to defend the nation. His orders permitted him to cross the international border to pursue Seminoles, but he was to respect Spanish authority. General Jackson’s subsequent actions belie either tacit instructions or a personal agenda, as he killed hundreds of indigenous people and runaway slaves, took control of several Spanish garrisons and towns, confiscated the Spanish royal archives, named an American as governor of the area, and announced that the Spanish economic laws would be replaced by the revenue laws of the U.S. (Tebeau 1980). This aggression understandably strained relations between the U.S. and Spain. Spain, who had more pressing concerns with its Central and South American colonies, ceded Florida to the U.S. in the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 in exchange for the territory west of the Sabine River. 3.6 Territorial and Statehood In 1821, Andrew Jackson, named provisional governor of the Territory of Florida, divided the territory into St. Johns and Escambia Counties. At that time, St. Johns County encompassed all of Florida lying east of the Suwannee River, and Escambia County included the land lying to the west. In the first territorial census in 1825, some 317 persons reportedly lived in South Florida; by 1830 that number had risen to 517 (Tebeau 1980:134). Although what became known as the First Seminole War (the cross-border hostilities between the U.S. and the Seminoles) was fought in north Florida, the Treaty of Moultrie Creek in 1823, at the end of the war, was to affect the settlement of south Florida. In exchange for occupancy of a four- million-acre reservation south of Ocala and north of Charlotte Harbor, the Seminoles relinquished their claim to the remainder of the peninsula (Covington 1958; Mahon 1985). The treaty satisfied neither the Seminoles nor the settlers. The inadequacy of the reservation, the desperate situation of the Seminoles, and the demand of would-be settlers for their removal, produced another conflict. By 1835, the Second Seminole War was underway, initiated with the Seminole attack on Major Dade’s company in route to Fort King. Although much of the Second Seminole War occurred in central Florida, as the Seminoles fled southward into the Big Cypress and Everglades, U.S. forces pursued Page 7792 of 9661 ACI 3-9 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 them. In October 1840, U.S. Secretary of War Joel Poinsett advised commander Armistead that the construction of fixed post installations should be discontinued, and temporary depots should be adopted (Knetsch 2003). This new strategy was a direct response to the guerilla-like warfare utilized by the Seminoles and the abandonment of set piece warfare. Because of this directive, the landscape of south Florida was dotted with depots and only slightly more substantial “forts.” The forts of south Florida very rarely approximated the size and permanency of forts such as Brooke, King, and Mellon. The Mackay and Blake map from this time shows no features near the APE (Mackay and Blake 1839) (Figure 3.2). Geo-referencing maps from this time is a difficult proposition, thus the following figures show the approximate location of the APE. Figure 3.2. 1839 Mackay and Blake map showing the APE. The federal government ended the Second Seminole War in 1842 by withdrawing troops from Florida. At the war’s end, some of the battle-weary Seminoles were persuaded to emigrate to the Oklahoma Indian Reservation where the federal government had set aside land for them. After much political deliberation over the fate of black Seminoles (Knetsch 2003:126), approximately 500 black Seminoles were allowed to accompany the “red Seminoles” west (Porter 1996). Those Seminoles who wished to remain in Florida were allowed to do so, but the reservation boundary was redrawn, reducing Seminole lands to south and west of Lake Istokpoga in Highlands County. To limit contact between the Seminoles and Cuban fishermen, the offshore islands were excluded from the territory (Covington 1982:3). The government considered these two and one half million acres “a temporary hunting and planting reserve” (Covington 1982:3) and continued to pressure the remaining Seminoles to leave by “sending a delegation of their tribe, which have emigrated West, to visit their brethren in Florida, and explain to them the advantages of rejoining their tribe” (U.S. Congress 1850). In 1845, the Union admitted the State of Florida with Tallahassee as the state capital and survey and exploration of the Big Cypress and Okeechobee areas was intensified. Tension mounted as the Seminoles watched with growing alarm the passage of military patrols and survey parties, and Page 7793 of 9661 ACI 3-10 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 complaints were made to Indian Agent Captain Casey that such activities made hostilities inevitable (Covington 1982:30). Patrols typically found little remaining of previous military installations; however, navigation and location was always in doubt given the limited cartography and featureless swamps. One officer lamented that “The maps represent the shape of the Big Cypress so differently in this portion of it and also the course of the creek Okholoakooche [Okaloacoochee Slough] from what I found that I felt doubts if I had yet reached the right place.” On January 22, 1855, Lt. George Hartsuff, appointed topographical engineer and main surveyor, began exploration of the Big Cypress and Everglades. During this time, he helped establish Forts Simon Drum and Shackleford. When the rainy season of June 1855 set in, survey was suspended, and Hartsuff began work on his field notes and maps. In a sketch furnished to the War Department, he showed the exact location of many Indian villages and noted that he had been into the chief haunt of the Indians that contained most of their villages, gardens, and cattle pens (Covington 1982:35). Sampson Forrester, a Black Seminole, provided the following account of the Seminole existence in the swamps: Within the swamp are many pine-islands, upon which the villages are located. They are susceptible of cultivation; and between them is a cypress swamp, the water from two to three feet deep. The Indians rely principally upon their crops, which, though small, add much to their comfort. Corn, pumpkins, beans, wild potatoes, and cabbage palmetto, afford subsistence. The scarcity of powder deprives them partially of game; though bears and turkey are frequently killed with arrows. Discharging a rifle was forbidden, as in a country so flat and wet the reverberation is in abundance; but there they apprehend discovery. A few ponies, cattle, hogs, and chickens are owned by the chief (Tampa Tribune 1955). On December 7, 1855, Lieutenant Hartsuff again set out for the Big Cypress with orders to make reconnaissance and take note of any Indian fields and settlements (Covington 1982:1). Within a few days, the company found the charred ashes of Forts Simon Drum and Shackelford, which had been abandoned during the rainy season. Every Indian village entered was found to be deserted, and when leaving Billy Bowlegs’ village on December 18, 1855, artillerymen took bunches of planted bananas. Later, in the day, the company received orders to return to Fort Myers and they began the trip westward. They camped for the evening in a small grove south of present-day Immokalee; 30 Seminole warriors led by Billy Bowlegs ambushed them at 5:00 AM (Covington 1982:1). In what was perhaps the result of misunderstood aggression, and tragically ill-timed orders (had they only left a day earlier), the Third, and final, Seminole War began. For the following two and a half years, hit and miss skirmishes extended from the Big Cypress and Everglades to Darby in Pasco County and New Smyrna Beach in Volusia County. Through this period, U.S. military strategy ranged from using a poorly disciplined militia, to aggressive campaigns, to truce offerings. After several previous betrayals, the Seminoles did not respond to the latter tactic. By the summer of 1857, the focus was on Billy Bowlegs in the Big Cypress. This effort was greatly aided by the use of shallow draft boats (Covington 1982). When found, villages were burned, fields were destroyed, horses and cattle were slaughtered, and Seminoles captured. As Seminole warriors were occupied hunting or scouting, captured villagers were typically women and children, the wounded, and the elderly. On November 19, 1857, Captain William Cone’s company discovered an occupied village. Two Seminole guards were killed and five women, thirteen children, and a wounded warrior were taken prisoner (Covington 1982:72). Page 7794 of 9661 ACI 3-11 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 During the Seminole War, the U.S. Army Engineers surveyed the region south of the Caloosahatchee River. The Ives map depicts numerous forts and trails in this part of the State, with Ft. Simon Drum to the northeast and Ft. Doane to the southwest (Figure 3.3.) (Ives 1856). Figure 3.3. 1856 Ives map showing the APE. After years of running, struggling to provide for his people, and mounting attacks, when possible, Billy Bowlegs finally surrendered to federal forces at Fort Myers. On May 4, 1858, the ship Grey Cloud departed Fort Myers for Egmont Key with 38 warriors and 85 women and children. An additional 45 captives were boarded at Egmont, and the ship set sail for New Orleans where they would depart for Oklahoma. Although some Seminoles remained in the Big Cypress and the Everglades, the U.S. government did not deem it worthy to pursue them. This half-starved and battle-weary population was left to eke out an existence in the south Florida swamps (Covington 1982). As settlers moved into the Big Cypress region, cattle ranching served as one of the major economic activities. Mavericks left by early Spanish explorers such as DeSoto and Narvaéz provided the stock for the herds raised by the mid-eighteenth century “Cowkeeper” Seminoles. As the Seminoles were pushed further south during the Seminole Wars and their cattle were either sold or left to roam, settlers captured or bought the cattle. By the late 1850s, the cattle industry of southwestern Florida was developing on a significant scale. By 1860, cattle owners from all over Florida drove their herds to Fort Brooke (Tampa) and Punta Rassa for shipment to Cuba, at a considerable profit. During this period, Jacob Summerlin became the first cattle baron of southwest Florida. Known as the “King of the Crackers,” his herds ranged from Ft. Meade to Ft. Myers (Covington 1957). Page 7795 of 9661 ACI 3-12 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 3.7 Civil War and Aftermath In 1861, Florida followed South Carolina’s lead and seceded from the Union as a prelude to the Civil War. Florida had much at stake in this war as evidenced in a report released from Tallahassee in June of 1861. It listed the value of land in Florida at $35,127,721 and the value of the slaves at $29,024,513 (Dunn 1989:59). Although the Union blockaded the coast of Florida during the war, the interior of the state saw very little military action. Florida became one of the major contributors of beef to the Confederate government (Shofner 1995:72). Summerlin originally had a contract with the Confederate government to market thousands of head a year at eight dollars per head. However, by driving his cattle to Punta Rassa and shipping them to Cuba, he received 25 dollars per head (Grismer 1946:83). In an attempt to limit the supply of beef transported to the Confederate government, Union troops stationed at Ft. Myers conducted several raids into the Peace River Valley to seize cattle and destroy ranches. In response, Confederate supporters formed the Cattle Guard Battalion, consisting of nine companies under the command of Colonel Charles J. Mannerlyn (Akerman 1976). The cattle owners and the farmers in the state lived simply. The typical home was a log cabin without windows or chinking, and settlers’ diets consisted largely of fried pork, corn bread, sweet potatoes, and hominy. The lack of railway transport to other states, the federal embargo, and the enclaves of Union supporters and Union troops holding key areas such as Jacksonville and Ft. Myers prevented an influx of finished materials. As a result, settlement remained limited until after the Civil War. Immediately following the war, the South underwent a period of “Reconstruction” to prepare the Confederate States for readmission to the Union. The program was administered by the U.S. Congress, and on July 25, 1868, Florida officially returned to the Union. After the war ended, southerners who faced reconstruction and rebuilding saw Florida as a frontier full of opportunity and welcome. In southwest Florida, settlers first arrived by ones or twos, drifting through the area. Many of the early arrivals, however, were apparently “squatters” (Tebeau 1966:167). In most of the early settlements, development followed the earlier pattern with few settlers, one or two stores, and a lack of available overland transportation. In the 1870s, while the region was still part of Monroe County, settlement of Collier County evolved slowly and in isolated pockets. Immokalee, Everglades City, Chokoloskee, Marco, Caxambas, Goodland, and Naples served as the early centers for settlement (Tebeau 1966:96). These first permanent pioneers were farmers; the hunters and fisherfolk who had preceded them established only temporary camps. As the land was largely impassable, their market was Key West, a growing city which produced almost none of its own food (Tebeau 1966). The Homestead Act, created by Congress in 1862, allowed settlers to obtain title to 160 acres by residing on and working the land. The property had to first be surveyed by the government. It was not until the 1870s that W.L. Apthorp and T.S. Stearns surveyed Township 47 South, Range 29 East (Apthorp 1872; Stearns 1874). No historic features were identified within or proximate to the APE (Figure 3.4) (Apthorp and Stearns 1874). Stearns described the Sections lines along the APE as 2nd and 3rd rate prairie with scattered pine and ponds or 3rd rate pine and prairie (Stearns 1874:410-411, 420- 421, 430-431). By the early 1880s, the State of Florida faced a fiscal crisis involving title to public lands. By act of Congress in 1850, the federal government turned over to the states for drainage and reclamation all “swamp and overflow land.” Florida received approximately 10,000,000 acres. To manage that land and the 5,000,000 acres the state had received on entering the Union, the state legislature in 1851 created the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Fund. In 1855, the legislature established the actual fund (the Florida Internal Improvement Fund), in which state lands were to be held. The fund became mired in debt after the Civil War and under state law no land could be sold until the debt was Page 7796 of 9661 ACI 3-13 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 cleared. In 1881, the Trustees started searching for a buyer capable of purchasing enough acreage to pay off the fund’s debt and permit the sale of the remaining millions of acres that it controlled. Figure 3.4. 1874 plat showing the APE. In 1881, Hamilton Disston, a member of a prominent Pennsylvania saw manufacturing family entered into an agreement with the State of Florida to purchase four million acres of swamp and overflowed land for one million dollars. In exchange, he promised to drain and improve the land. This transaction, which became known as the Disston Purchase, enabled the distribution of large land subsidies to railroad companies, inducing them to begin extensive construction programs for new lines throughout the state. The purchase, although technically legal, was extremely generous with the designation “swamp and overflow land.” Grismer (1946) estimates that at least half of the acreage was “high and dry.” Disston and the railroad companies, in turn, sold smaller parcels of land to developers and private investors (Tebeau and Carson 1965:252). Sections 13-15 were deeded to the Carrabelle, Tallahassee, and Georgia Railroad in 1894 (State of Florida n.d.:269). By the late 1880s, squatters were sufficient in numbers to protest when “their land” became the property of Hamilton Disston. Squatters could have purchased the land on which they had taken up residence and constructed improvements, for such a provision was made in the Disston contracts. But the early settlers believed they should each be permitted to homestead 160 acres of high and dry land. They had not been able to do so because the land was designated “swamp and overflowed” and title to it had been transferred to the state (Tebeau 1966:167). Disston’s purchase included what is now Naples, and he formed the Florida Land and Improvement Company. In 1886, Charles Adams bought a parcel from Disston which formed the basis Page 7797 of 9661 ACI 3-14 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 for the Naples Town Improvement Company of Tallahassee. When John Williams and Walter Haldeman, both from Kentucky, decided “Naples” was the perfect place to develop a city, they bought the controlling interest in the Naples Town Improvement Company. They reorganized it, gave it new direction, and renamed it the Naples Company. With Haldeman directing the work, the company was ready, by December 1887, to embark into a new period of full-scale town building and improvement including a hotel, churches, and shops. The name “Naples” is attributed to numerous Florida developers’ sales schemes to romanticize the Florida peninsula into a pleasant “Italian” seaside resort. Unfortunately, the only activity for the next few years was on paper - the buying and selling of land; little construction took place (Jamro and Lanterman 1985). In 1887, the land, which today is Collier County, became part of the newly created Lee County. It was named for Barron Gift Collier, a Memphis born businessman who promoted the region’s development. When Billy Bowlegs departed for Oklahoma, Old Tiger Tail became the de facto leader of the remaining Seminoles. He lived at the headwaters of the Okaloacoochee Slough and his holdings included cattle, agricultural fields, and Corn Dance Grounds (West 1990). In 1891, under the direction of Amelia S. Quinton, the Women’s National Indian Association resolved to establish a mission near Immokalee (then known as Allen’s Place) (West 1990). Dr. J.E. Brecht and his wife were hired as missionaries, and the mission consisted of a residence, a schoolhouse, barn, and fenced land. It was as this time that Allen’s Place became known as Immokalee (Mikasuki for “home”). A lumber mill was established in 1892 to provide the Native Americans with employment and industrial training, although it burned down the following year (FPS 1986:62). In 1893, the Episcopal Dioceses established a mission for the Seminoles and the federal government established an agency there. The Episcopal Indian Mission held its first service in 1896, though established for the Indians, white settlers made use of the church until 1924 (Tebeau 1966). In 1896, trader Bill Brown established a post on the western rim of the Everglades. Over time, the missionary activities shifted from Immokalee to Brown’s Landing where the Glade Cross Mission was established. As a result, when the Big Cypress Reservation boundaries were drawn, they included the Glade Cross Mission, but Immokalee was excluded. When the reservation was created, Bill Brown’s son, Frank, who grew up amongst the Seminoles, was appointed the Agent for the reservation (Brown 1989). 3.8 Twentieth Century From 1899 until 1914, the Naples Company struggled but the town slowly grew. In 1914, E. W. Crayton, an Ohio real estate developer with a successful record of accomplishment in St. Petersburg, purchased the controlling interest in the company and renamed it the Naples Improvement Company. His direction is credited with leading Naples into the future. In 1925, Naples was incorporated and by 1927, reached by two railroad lines (Dean 1991). In 1911, successful New York City advertiser, Barron Gift Collier, visited Useppa Island. Collier was captivated, “Frankly, I was fascinated with Florida and swept off my feet by what I saw and felt. It was a wonderland with a magic climate, set in a frame of golden sunshine” (Collier County Museum 2010). Over the next decade, Collier amassed over one million acres in southwest Florida and his property stretched from the Ten Thousand Islands to Useppa Island, and from the coast to the Big Cypress and the Everglades (Clement n.d.). Collier was the largest landholder in the state and created a luxury resort, the Useppa Inn, which was visited by corporate giants, presidents, movie stars, authors, and sports celebrities. To facilitate development, Collier made a pledge to the Florida State Legislature to complete the Tamiami Trail from Tampa to Miami (Naples Daily News 1976). The roadway was finished in 1928 and as traffic increased, southwest Florida’s tourist industry was born (Scupholm 1997). The construction of the Tamiami Trail had a tremendous effect on Seminole settlement patterns. The roadway interrupted traditional canoe routes and as a result, Seminoles were forced to use the Page 7798 of 9661 ACI 3-15 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Tamiami Canal, which was created during road construction. Many Seminole families moved closer to the Tamiami Canal to facilitate canoe transportation (Carr 2002). On July 7, 1923, the state legislature created Collier County and named Everglades City as county seat. Collier became the second largest county in Florida with a land area of 2032 square miles. At the time of its creation, the county consisted of pine and cypress land and extensive swampland. The towns within the county, Immokalee, Naples, Marco, Caxambas, Chokoloskee, Deep Lake, and Everglades City, were all small settlements separated by almost inaccessible terrain. Barron Collier was instrumental in bringing modern communications, roadways, and railroads to his namesake county (Collier County Museum 2010). His promotions eventually opened up the area’s enormous agricultural and resort potential, but the Great Depression halted growth. The number of residents in 1925 of 1256 grew to only 2883 by 1930 (Tebeau 1966:212). By the mid-1930s, federal programs, implemented by the Roosevelt administration, started employing large numbers of construction workers, helping to revive the economy of the state. The programs were instrumental in the construction of parks, bridges, and public buildings. However, Collier County’s economy and population remained at a virtual standstill until the end of WWII when a new wave of national prosperity sent thousands of people to Florida (Dean 1991). Improvements in transportation included the 1921 Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railway Company’s extension south from LaBelle to Immokalee. The town took on new importance and became a center for inland activity in Collier County (Tebeau 1966). While Barron Collier was promoting the Tamiami Trail, he and his supporters were also trying to open a direct highway route from Immokalee to the county seat of Everglades City. By 1923, an unimproved road from LaBelle through Immokalee, terminating at Deep Lake, was depicted on a Florida State Map (Kendrick 1964). This road was completed between Immokalee and Everglades City in the early 1920s (FPS 1986). Collier County induced the ACL to continue its line south to Everglades City around 1927. The two projects linked the town with outer areas of the county and the Tamiami Trail. With the arrival of the railroad and road Immokalee became a center for ranching, farming, and lumbering (Tebeau 1966). In 1923, Collier County had one of the largest stands of virgin cypress and pine timber in the country (Tebeau 1966). Roads leading into the Everglades were completed in the 1920s, enabling logging companies to exploit the region’s cypress (Klinkenberg 1994). From the 1920s to the late 1950s, steam powered mills cut cypress board, which was valued for its durability and imperviousness to water. “Swamp Loggers” would fell the trees and oxen and mules would pull the downed trees to temporary tram railways where they were loaded for transport to the nearby mills. Logging activities in the Big Cypress Swamp and Fakahatchee Strand were prevalent in the 1940s in response to wartime needs (U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d.). The cypress was used in the construction of P.T. boats, and, later, was shipped to Europe to supply the post-war rebuilding efforts (Klinkenberg 1994). Two of the companies with logging operations in the area were the Lee Tidewater Cypress Company and the C. J. Jones Logging Company. The logging industry required the construction of rail lines traversed by steam locomotives, which resulted in the establishment of a number of sawmills and lumber towns within the region. The largest of these towns was Jerome, located off of present-day State Road 29, north of US 41 (Tamiami Trail) (Klinkenberg 1994). Two mills, one at Naples and the other at Bonita Springs, reached into the timber lands from the west coast (Tebeau 1966:252). However, as a result of heavy lumbering activities from the 1940s to 1957, much of the forest was cleared (FDEP n.d.; Tebeau 1966; U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d.). Trails were depicted within the APE on the 1947 Copeland map and 1954 Collier County soils map; nothing was depicted within the APE on the 1958 USGS Immokalee quadrangle map (Figures 3.5 - 3.7) (Copeland 1947; Leighty et al. 1954; USGS 1958). When the cypress supply was exhausted, logging establishments became ghost towns, and the rail lines were abandoned, leaving only remnant segments of trails and ditches. Page 7799 of 9661 ACI 3-16 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 3.5. 1954 Copeland map showing the APE. Figure 3.6. 1954 Collier County soil map showing the APE. Page 7800 of 9661 ACI 3-17 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 3.7. 1958 quad map showing the APE. In 1943, the first commercial oil well in Florida was drilled in Sunniland. The Humble Oil and Refining Company (now Exxon) struck crude, finally proving that there is oil in Florida. Sunniland remained the state’s only commercial oil field until 1964. In the 1950s, thousands of acres of cheap farmland opened up due to the extensive drainage projects. At approximately this time, the agricultural thrust in Collier County began with approximately 640 cultivated acres near Ochopee-Copeland. By the early 1970s, citrus, watermelons, tomatoes, bell peppers, and cucumbers were the largest producing crops in the area. Other vegetable crops included squash, cantaloupes, potatoes, melons, cabbage, lettuce, eggplant, corn, beans, and okra (Naples Daily News 1973). Like many Florida communities, World War II changed the face of Naples and later added to its growth. Largely, the post-World War II development of Collier County is similar to that of the rest of America: increasing numbers of automobiles and asphalt, an interstate highway system, suburban sprawl, and strip development along major state highways. The county, like most of Florida, experienced a population boom in the 1950s. Florida’s population increased from 1,897,414 in 1940 to 1950 in 2,771,305. Collier County’s population grew from 5082 in 1940 to 6488 in 1950 (Forstall 1995). After the war, car ownership increased, making the American public more mobile, making vacations more inexpensive and easier. Many who had served at Florida’s military bases during World War II also returned with their families to live. As veterans returned, the trend in new housing focused on the development of small tract homes in new subdivisions. The agricultural growth of the county led to an influx of migrant workers into the area. In 1966, Collier County began its first effort to house these workers. The Farm Workers Village, located along SR 29, was a 491-unit apartment complex operated by the county Housing Authority, it provided Page 7801 of 9661 ACI 3-18 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 affordable housing to the workers as well as daycare, postal services, a convenience store, laundromat, and educational facilities (Naples Daily News 1991). The number of permanent Collier County residents grew rapidly from 6,488 in 1950 to 85,000 by 1980. In 1967, SR 84 (Alligator Alley) or the Everglades Parkway was built. In 1970, FDOT appointed an advisory panel to evaluate possible routes across south Florida for the proposed I-75. The plans were prepared by 1972 and the Interstate was built thereafter, utilizing existing lanes from Alligator Alley for eastbound traffic. Two westbound lanes were built on the vacant strip of land between Alligator Alley and the canal (Duever et al. 1985). From 1980 to 1990, Collier County experienced a 77% percent increase in population and between 1990 and 2000, the population increased 65%. The population continued to increase in the county, albeit at a slower rate of 19.7% from 2010 to 2019 with an estimate of 384,902 individuals (USCB 2021). Collier County has roughly 25,000 businesses employing 168,000 workers. Tourism and hospitality jobs are the dominant sector. However, a wide variety of new industries have been moving into the county, including Arthrex (medical device manufacturing) and Summit Orthopedic Technologies, which moved its headquarters from Connecticut to Naples. Business development, expansion, and attraction are critical goals for economic growth. At the same time, Collier County also focuses on attainable housing for workers, and workforce development training centers, including the Center for Manufacturing Excellence, which opened its doors in 2019 to upskill workers for the growing workforce demands in manufacturing operations (Chamber 2020). 3.9 APE Specifics A review of the aerial photos available from the Publication of Archival and Museum Materials (PALMM) revealed that in 1940, the area was undeveloped pine flatwoods, savannahs, and wetlands with a scattering of trails (USDA 1940) (Figure 3.8). By 1953, there were more trails and some of the land in the east half had been cleared for agricultural fields (USDA 1953). The 1980 aerial shows the west portion of the APE still undeveloped, and that Immokalee Road had been constructed (USDA 1980). Page 7802 of 9661 ACI 3-19 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 3.8. 1940 and 1980 aerial photographs showing the APE. Page 7803 of 9661 ACI 4-1 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS A review of archaeological and historical literature, records, and other documents and data pertaining to the project area was conducted. The focus of this research was to ascertain the types of cultural resources known in the project area and vicinity, their temporal/cultural affiliations, site location information, and other relevant data. This included a review of sites listed in the NRHP, the Florida Master Site File (FMSF), CRAS reports, published books and articles, aerial photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and maps. In addition to the NRHP and FMSF, other information relevant to the historical research was obtained from the files of ACI. The FMSF data in this report were obtained in October 2022, which was the most recent edition. However, according to FMSF staff, input may be a month or more behind receipt of reports and site files. No individuals with knowledge of historic or prehistoric activities specific to the APE were encountered during this project; thus, no informant interviews were conducted. 4.1 Archaeological Considerations Background research indicated that only three archaeological sites have been recorded within two miles of the APE; none is in the APE (Figure 4.1). These include two 2nd and 3rd Seminole war facilities and one midden. 8CR01076 is the Camp Near Depot 1 and 8CR01077 is Depot 1. These were recorded by William Hammond based on archival materials (Hammond 2008). These have not been field verified nor have they been evaluated by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) in terms of listing in the NRHP. 8CR01396 (Immokalee #2) has been classified as a Glades period midden, with evidence of 20th century utilization. It was recorded during the survey of the Immokalee 4-H Property Trust Application (Keyte and Mahoney 2015). It has been determined potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP. There have been a number of CRAS projects conducted proximate to the APE and these are listed in Table 4.1. Based on these data, and other regional site location predictive models (ACI 1992, 1999, 2014a, 2014b; Austin 1987a; Bellomo and Fuhrmeister 1991; Carr 1988; Dickel 1991; Smith 2008) informed expectations concerning the types of sites likely to occur within the project APE, as well as their probable environmental settings, was generated. As archaeologists have long realized, aboriginal populations did not select their habitation sites and activity areas in a random fashion. Rather, many environmental factors had a direct influence upon site location selection, including soil drainage, distance to water, topography, and proximity to resources. It should be noted that the settlement pattern noted below cannot be applied to sites of the Paleoindian and Early Archaic periods, which precede the onset of modern environmental conditions. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) study area includes Collier County. Based on this report, the pine flatwoods are generally considered to have a low probability for archaeological sites except when situated on slightly higher lands near water sources such as bayheads, will, and cypress ponds. In areas of low relief, tree islands have a high archaeological potential (Smith 2008:35-47). Analysis of the April 2020 data for the 32 aboriginal archaeological sites, with known locations in the Immokalee Rise physiographic region of Collier County that is outside of National Park Service (NPS) lands, was conducted. The NPS lands were not included, as there is not a modern soil survey for those areas. Historic archaeological sites and aboriginal archaeological sites that were plotted “per vague verbal description” were deleted from this analysis. Although this is a small sample size, it can give us clues as to which areas were preferred. Page 7804 of 9661 ACI 4-2 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded archaeological sites near the APE. Page 7805 of 9661 ACI 4-3 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Table 4.1. CRAS projects conducted proximate to the APE. FMSF Manuscript # / Reference Title # of Newly Recorded Resources # of Previously Recorded Resources 1108 / FPS 1986 Historical/Architectural Survey of Collier County, Florida 120 0 1279 / Austin 1987b Cultural Resource Assessment of a Proposed Thirty Acre Seminole Housing Project in Collier County, Florida 0 0 4140 / ACI 1995c Cultural Resources Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Two Miles and One Bridge) Collier County, Florida 1 0 4141 / ACI 1995a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Six Miles Exclusive of Three Bridges) Collier County, Florida 0 0 4409 / ACI 1995b Cultural Resource Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Three Bridges) Collier County, Florida 3 0 7991 / Pracht 2001 Proposed Cellular Tower Site: Immokalee 0 10 13161 / Janus Research 2003 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Concrete Manufacturing Facility Property Collier County, Florida 0 0 12443 / Pepe 2005 Letter Report for the Reconnaissance Survey and Desktop Analysis of the Immokalee Seminole Indian Reservation Master Plan: Administration Building, Church, Cluster One, and Pre-School, Collier County, Florida 0 0 12898 / Janus Research 2006 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Serenoa DRI Project Area, Collier County 0 0 13020 / Pepe 2006 Letter Report for the Reconnaissance Survey and Desktop Analysis of the Proposed Immokalee Commercial Development on the Immokalee Seminole Indian Reservation, Collier County, Florida 0 0 13136 / ACI 2006 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Silver Strand Business Park Property Collier County, Florida 0 0 14027 / ACI 2007 An Addendum to the Cultural Resource Predictive Model Collier Enterprises, LTD. The Tradeport DRI, Collier County, Florida 1 0 23218 / ACI 2016 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Tocala- Sunniland 3D Seismic Survey Project Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida 46 1 25332 / Janus Research 2018 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the State Road 29 Project Development & Environmental Study from Oil Well Road (County Road 858) to State Road 82, Collier County, Florida 44 2 27289 / ACI 2018 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Eleven Bridge Replacements, Collier and Hendry County, Florida 10 0 Page 7806 of 9661 ACI 4-4 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Proximity to water is an important site location feature. Over 96% of the sites are located within 100 m of a water source, and only one of the sites greater than 200 m from a water source (Table 4.2). Ninety percent of the sites are proximate to a wetland or swamp, while three sites are associated with a lake. Table 4.2. Distribution of sites by water type and distance. Type P P P Total Cnt % Cnt % Cnt % Cnt % Lake 3 9.38% 0.00% 0.00% 3 9.38% Swamp/wetland 28 87.50% 0.00% 1 3.13% 29 90.63% Total 31 96.88% 0 0.00% 1 3.13% 32 100.00% Soil types and their drainage characteristics can also be used to assess the likelihood for aboriginal site occurrence (Almy 1978). There are 45 soil types within this study area, of which 36 have recorded archaeological sites (Table 4.3). Those soils within the APE are shaded in orange on the table. Many of the sites occurred on more than one soil type. This analysis only includes the four types covering the greatest acreage for each site, which totaled 41 soil type occurrences. The column “1”, indicates that this soil type had the greatest area of the site, and so on down the line, so that the “4” column had the smallest site acreage. However, this analysis may not prove an accurate representation of the site distribution. While we know the percentage of sites on the various soil types, we do not have an accurate assessment as to how much of each soil type has been surveyed for archaeological sites. Table 4.3. Distribution of sites by drainage and soil types. DRAINAGE/Soil Type, % slopes % of Area 1 2 3 4 Total % of Sites difference MODERATELY WELL DRAINED Pomello fine sand, 0-2% 0.95% 1 0 1 2.44% 1.49% Total 0.95% 1 0 1 2.44% 1.49% POORLY DRAINED Basinger fine sand, 0-2% 5.79% 0 0.00% -5.79% Boca fine sand, 0-2% (Cypress Lake) 1.52% 2 2 4.88% 3.35% Ft. Drum and Malabar, high, fine sands 1.34% 0 0.00% -1.34% Hallandale and Boca fine sands 0.06% 0 0.00% -0.06% Hallandale fine sand, 0-2% 0.04% 0 0.00% -0.04% Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands 0.80% 6 6 14.63% 13.83% Holopaw fine sand, 0-2% 4.44% 2 2 4.88% 0.44% Holopaw fine sand, limestone substratum (ls) 0.25% 0 0.00% -0.25% Immokalee fine sand, 0-2% 19.19% 1 1 2.44% -16.75% Malabar fine sand, 0-2% 4.50% 4 4 9.76% 5.26% Myakka fine sand, 0-2% 1.44% 0 0.00% -1.44% Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% 12.71% 0 0.00% -12.71% Oldsmar fine sand, ls 0.99% 1 1 2.44% 1.45% Pennsuco silt loam 0.06% 0 0.00% -0.06% Pineda and Riviera fine sands 3.67% 2 1 1 4 9.76% 6.08% Pineda fine sand, ls 0.23% 0 0.00% -0.23% Riviera fine sand, ls 0.65% 0 0.00% -0.65% Riviera, ls-Copeland fine sands 1.02% 1 1 2.44% 1.42% Tuscawilla fine sand 4.30% 2 2 4 9.76% 5.45% Wabasso fine sand, 0-2% 5.40% 2 2 4.88% -0.52% Total 68.41% 22 4 1 0 27 65.85% -2.55% VERY POORLY DRAINED Page 7807 of 9661 ACI 4-5 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 DRAINAGE/Soil Type, % slopes % of Area 1 2 3 4 Total % of Sites difference Boca, Riviera, ls, and Copeland fine sands, depressional (depr) 7.11% 3 1 4 9.76% 2.64% Chobee, ls, and Dania mucks, depr 0.21% 0 0.00% -0.21% Chobee, Winder, and Gator soils, depr 6.94% 1 1 2 4.88% -2.06% Holopaw and Okeelanta soils, depr 1.19% 0 0.00% -1.19% Winder, Riviera, ls, and Chobee soils, depr 13.13% 2 2 4 9.76% -3.38% Total 28.59% 6 4 0 0 10 24.39% -4.20% OTHER Urban land 0.01% 0 0.00% -0.01% Urban land-Holopaw-Basinger complex 0.01% 0 0.00% -0.01% Urban land-Immokalee-Oldsmar, ls, complex 0.95% 0 0.00% -0.95% Urban land-Matlacha-Boca complex 0.02% 0 0.00% -0.02% Water 1.07% 3 3 7.32% 6.25% Total 2.05% 3 0 0 3 7.32% 5.27% Grand Total 100.00% 32 8 1 0 41 100.00% 0.00% This portion of Collier County is damp and soggy as evidenced by the fact that 68% of the soils are poorly drained and another 29% of the soils are very poorly drained. The moderately well drained soils do not even make up 1% of the area. Water and urban land underlie the remaining portion (2%) of the study area. Those soils that have a higher percentage of sites as compared to area (2% or greater) are marked in red on the table, while those that seem less likely to be used (-2% or less) are marked in blue. There are six preferred soil types; in order of preference are: Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands; Pineda and Riviera fine sands; Tuscawilla fine sand; Malabar fine sand 0-2% slopes; Boca fine sand, 0-2% slopes; and Boca, Riviera, limestone substratum, and Copeland sands, depressional. The last soil type may have been chosen as a water hole as opposed as a camping area. There are three soils that appear to have been avoided. In order of avoidance, they area Immokalee fine sand, 0-2% slopes; Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% slopes; and Basinger fine sand, 0-2% slopes. Based on the environmental setting, the project APE was considered to have a moderate to low probability for aboriginal archaeological site occurrence. Cypress Lake and Malabar sands have a positive correlation with sites, and water sources are available within the APE. The CERP survey strategy includes examination of pre-development aerials to locate possible tree islands and water sources. The 1940 aerial photos was examined, and several areas were considered to have a higher probability than others, including areas of denser tree cover (Smith 2008; USDA 1940). There was low potential for historic sites, although evidence of timber, naval stores, and agricultural activities may be encountered. 4.2 Historical Considerations Historical background research, including a review of the FMSF and NRHP, indicated that no historic resources are located within the APE. A review of the USDA historic aerial photographs, USGS quadrangle map, and the Collier County Property Appraiser’s data suggested no potential for historic resources within the APE (Skinner 2022; USDA 1940, 1953, 1980; USGS 1958). Page 7808 of 9661 ACI 4-6 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 4.3 Field Methodology The FDHR’s Module Three, Guidelines for Use by Historic Professionals, indicates that the first stage of archaeological field survey is a reconnaissance of the project area to “ground truth,” or ascertain the validity of the predictive model (FDHR 2003). During this part of the survey, the researcher assesses whether the initial predictive model needs adjustment based on disturbance or conditions such as constructed features (i.e., parking lots, buildings, etc.), underground utilities, landscape alterations (i.e., ditches and swales, mined land, dredged and filled land, agricultural fields), or other constraints that may affect the archaeological potential. Additionally, these Guidelines indicate that non-systematic “judgmental” testing may be appropriate in urbanized environments where pavement, utilities, and constructed features make systematic testing unfeasible; in geographically restricted areas such as proposed pond sites; or within project areas that have limited high and moderate probability zones, but where a larger subsurface testing sample may be desired. While predictive models are useful in determining preliminary testing strategies in a broad context, it is understood that testing intervals may be altered due to conditions encountered by the field crew at the time of survey. A reasonable and good faith effort was made to identify the historic properties within the project APE (cf., Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.). Archaeological field survey methods consisted of surface reconnaissance combined with systematic and judgmental subsurface testing. Shovel tests were placed at 25 m intervals in what appeared to be tree islands and 50 m intervals along transects spaced 25 m apart in larger locales with trees. Testing was conducted at 50 m intervals along the wetlands margins. The remainder of the APE was tested at 100 m intervals or judgmentally. Shovel tests were circular and measured approximately 50 centimeters (cm) in diameter by at least 1 m in depth unless precluded by water. All soil removed from the shovel tests was screened through a 0.64 cm mesh hardware cloth to maximize the recovery of artifacts. The location of all tests was recorded using a Trimble Juno 5D device with TerraSync. Following the recording of relevant data such as stratigraphic profile, all shovel tests were refilled. Historic/architectural field methodology consisted of a field survey of the APE to determine and verify the location of all buildings and other historic resources (i.e., bridges, roads, cemeteries) that are 50 years of age or older (constructed in or prior to 1972), and to establish if any such resources could be determined eligible for listing in the NRHP. For each property, photographs would have been taken, and information needed for the completion of FMSF forms gathered. In addition to architectural descriptions, each historic resource would have been reviewed to assess style, historic context, condition, and potential NRHP eligibility. Also, informant interviews would have been conducted, if possible, with knowledgeable persons to obtain site-specific building construction dates and/or possible associations with individuals or events significant to local or regional history. 4.4 Inadvertent/Unanticipated Discoveries Occasionally, archaeological deposits, subsurface features or unmarked human remains are encountered during the course of development, even though the project area may have previously received a thorough and professionally adequate cultural resources assessment. Such events are rare, but they do occur. In the event that human remains are encountered during the course of development, the procedures outlined in Chapter 872, FS must be followed. It was anticipated that human remains might be encountered within the APE, and the field crew was prepared to follow Chapter 872, FS. In the event such discoveries are made during the development process, all activities in the immediate vicinity of the discovery will be suspended, and a professional archaeologist will be contacted to evaluate the importance of the discovery. The area will be examined by the archaeologist, Page 7809 of 9661 ACI 4-7 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 who, in consultation with staff of the Florida SHPO, will determine if the discovery is significant or potentially significant. In the event the discovery is found to be not significant, the work may immediately resume. If, on the other hand, the discovery is found to be significant or potentially significant, then development activities in the immediate vicinity of the discovery will continue to be suspended until such time as a mitigation plan, acceptable to SHPO, is developed and implemented. Development activities may then resume within the discovery area, but only when conducted in accordance with the guidelines and conditions of the approved mitigation plan. 4.5 Laboratory Methods/Curation No cultural materials were recovered; thus, no laboratory methods were utilized. All project related material (including field notes, maps, and photographs) will be stored at ACI in Sarasota (P22223), unless the client requests otherwise. Page 7810 of 9661 ACI 5-1 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 5.1 Archaeological Archaeological field survey included surface reconnaissance and the excavation of 169 shovel tests (Figures 5.1 – 5.2). Shovel tests were placed at 25-meter (m) intervals in what appeared to be tree islands and 50 m intervals along transects spaced 25 m apart in larger locales with trees. Testing was conducted at 50 m intervals along the wetlands margins. The remainder of the APE was tested at 100 m intervals or judgmentally. None of the shovel tests produced cultural materials, nor were any discovered on the surface. Many of the shovel tests were terminated at shallow depths due to clay. As per 36 CFR 800.4(b)(1), a reasonable and good faith effort was made to identify the historic properties within the APE (cf., Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.). The soil stratigraphy across the APE included the following: x Palm sylviculture: 0-50 cmbs grayish-brown gravelly sand; gray clay at 40-50 cmbs (Photo 5.1) x Cleared citrus rows: 0-30 cmbs light gray sand; 30-60 cmbs gray sand; 60-80 cmbs lt gray sand; 80-100 cmbs pale brown sand (Photo 5.2) x Plowed farm rows: 0-100 cmbs mixed, alternating layers of pale brown, brown, grayish-brown, dark gray, gray, and light gray sand (Photo 5.3) x Active citrus rows: 0-40 cmbs grayish-brown sand; 40-60 cmbs dark gray sand; 60-80 cmbs grayish-brown sand; 80-100 cmbs light gray sand (Photo 5.4) Photo 5.1. Shovel test in the palm plantation. Page 7811 of 9661 ACI 5-2 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Photo 5.2. Shovel test in the cleared citrus grove. Photo 5.3. Stratigraphy in the area of row crops. Photo 5.4. Stratigraphy in the active citrus groves. Page 7812 of 9661 ACI 5-3 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 5.1. Location of the shovel tests in the western portion of the APE. Page 7813 of 9661 ACI 5-4 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Figure 5.2. Location of the shovel tests in the eastern portion of the APE. Page 7814 of 9661 ACI 5-5 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 5.2 Historical Historical background research, including a review of the FMSF and NRHP, indicated that no historic resources are located within the APE. Historical background research, including a review of the FMSF and NRHP, indicated that no historic resources are located within the APE. A review of the USDA historic aerial photographs, USGS quadrangle map, and the Collier County Property Appraiser’s data suggested no potential for historic resources within the APE (Skinner 2022; USDA 1940, 1953, 1980; USGS 1958). The absence of historic resources was confirmed by the field investigations. 5.3 Conclusions Given the results of background research and field survey, including the excavation of 169 shovel tests, no archaeological sites or historic resources were discovered. As such, there are no cultural resources that are listed, determined eligible for listing, or that appear potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the APE. Therefore, it is the professional opinion of ACI that the proposed undertaking will result in no historic properties affected. 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Naples Daily News, March 6. 1976 "The Collier Story." Naples Daily News, July 4. 1991 "Farm Workers Village Celebrates 25 Years." Naples Daily News, September 24. Neill, Wilfred T. 1968 An Indian and Spanish Site on Tampa Bay, Florida. The Florida Anthropologist 21(4):106-116. Palov, Maria Z. 1999 Useppa's Cuban Fishing Community. In The Archaeology of Useppa Island. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 149-169. Monograph 3. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, Gainesville. Pepe, James 2005 Letter report for the Reconnaissance Survey and Desktop Analysis of the Immokalee Seminole Indian Reservation Master Plan: Administration Building, Church, Cluster One, and Pre-School, Collier County, Florida. Seminole Tribe of Florida, Clewiston. MS# 12443. 2006 Letter report for the Reconnaissance Survey and Desktop Analysis of the Proposed Immokalee Commercial Development on the Immokalee Seminole Indian Reservation, Collier County, Florida. Seminole Tribe of Florida, Clewiston. MS# 13020. Porter, Kenneth W. 1996 The Black Seminoles. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Pracht, Jodi B. 2001 Proposed Cellular Tower Site: Immokalee. ACI, Sarasota. MS# 7991. Purdy, Barbara A. 1981 Florida's Prehistoric Stone Tool Technology. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Ramenofsky, Ann F. 1987 Vectors of Death: The Archaeology of European Contact. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Russo, Michael 1991 Archaic Sedentism on the Florida Coast: A Case Study from Horr's Island. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville. Page 7823 of 9661 ACI 6-9 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Russo, Michael 1994a A Brief Introduction to the Study of Archaic Mounds in the Southeast. Southeastern Archaeology 13(2):89-92. 1994b Why We Don't Believe in Archaic Ceremonial Mounds and Why We Should: The Case from Florida. Southeastern Archaeology 13(2):93-108. 2008 Late Archaic Shell Rings and Society in the Southeast U.S. The SAA Archaeological Record 8(5):18-22. Sassaman, Kenneth E. 2008 The New Archaic, It Ain't What It Used to Be. The SAA Archaeological Record 8 (5): 6- 8. Schober, Theresa 2014 Deconstructing and Reconstructing Caloosahatchee Shell Mound Building. In New Histories of Pre-Columbian Florida. Edited by Neill J. Wallis and Asa A. Randall, pp. 38-61. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Schwadron, Margo 2006 Everglades Tree Islands Prehistory: Archaeological Evidence for Regional Holocene Variability and Early Human Settlement. Antiquity 80(310). Scott, Thomas M. 2001 Text to Accompany the Geologic Map of Florida. Open File Report 80. Florida Geological Survey, Tallahassee. Scott, Thomas M., Kenneth M. Campbell, Frank R. Rupert, Jonathan D. Arthur, Thomas M. Missimer, Jacqueline M. Lloyd, J. William Yon, and Joel G. Duncan 2001 Geologic Map of the State of Florida. Map Series 146. Florida Geological Survey, Tallahassee. Scupholm, Carrie 1997 The Tamiami Trail: Connecting the East and West Coasts of the Sunshine State. The Society for Commercial Archeology Journal 15(2):20-24. Shofner, Jerrell H. 1995 History of Brevard County. Brevard County Historical Commission, Stuart. Skinner, Abe 2022 Records Search. Collier County Property Appraiser, Naples. http://www.collierappraiser.com/ Smith, Greg C. 2008 Cultural Resources Overview and Survey Strategy: Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. New South Associates, Stone Mountain, GA. Smith, Marvin T. 1987 Archaeology of Aboriginal Culture Change in the Interior Southeast: Depopulation during the Early Historic Period. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. State of Florida n.d. Tract Book. Volume 25. On file, FDEP, Tallahassee. Page 7824 of 9661 ACI 6-10 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Stearns, T.S. 1874 Field Notes. Volume 225. On file, FDEP, Tallahassee. Tampa Tribune 1955 "Pioneer Florida." Tampa Tribune, January 2. Tebeau, Charlton W. 1966 Florida's Last Frontier: The History of Collier County. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables. 1980 A History of Florida. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables. Revised Edition. Tebeau, Charlton W. and Ruby Leach Carson, Eds. 1965 Florida -- From Indian Trail to Space Age. Southern Publishing Co., Delray Beach. True, David O., Ed. 1944 Memoir of D. Escalante Fontaneda Respecting Florida. University of Miami and South Florida Historical Society, Miami. U.S. Congress 1837 Report from the Secretary of War in Compliance with Resolution of the Senate of the 14th and 18th Instant, Transmitting Copies of Correspondence Relative to the Campaign in Florida. 24th Congress, 2nd Session, May 21, Washington, D.C. 1850 Hostilities Committed by the Seminole Indians in Florida during the Past Year. 31st Congress, 1st Session, Washington, D.C. U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d. History. Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge, Naples. http://www.fws.gov/refuges/profiles/index.cfm?id=41545 USCB (United States Census Bureau) 2021 Florida Quick Facts. http://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/00 USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) 1940 Aerial Photograph: 4-15-1940, CJF-9-11. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 1953 Aerial Photograph: 1-1-53, DSM-2L-189. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 1980 Aerial Photographs: 1-2-80, 12021-178-164, 211. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 2021 Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database for Florida - October 2021. USDA, NRCS, Fort Worth, TX. USGS (United States Geological Survey) 1958 Immokalee, Fla. 1987 PR 1973. 2013 Immokalee, Fla. USA_Topo_Maps. Walker, Karen J. 1992 The Zooarchaeology of Charlotte Harbor's Prehistoric Maritime Adaptations: Spatial and Temporal Perspectives. In Culture and Environment in the Domain of the Calusa. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 265-366. Monograph 1. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, Gainesville. Page 7825 of 9661 ACI 6-11 January 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine P22223 Walker, Karen J. 2013 The Pineland Site Complex: Environmental Contexts. In The Archaeology of Pineland: A Coastal Southwest Florida Site Complex, A.D. 50-1710. Edited by William H. Marquardt and Karen J. Walker, pp. 23-52. Monograph 4. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville. Watts, William A. 1969 A Pollen Diagram from Mud Lake, Marion County, North-Central Florida. Geological Society of America Bulletin 80(4):631-642. 1971 Post Glacial and Interglacial Vegetational History of Southern Georgia and Central Florida. Ecology 51:676-690. 1975 A Late Quaternary Record of Vegetation from Lake Annie, South-Central Florida. Geology 3(6):344-346. Watts, William A., Eric C. Grimm, and T. C. Hussey 1996 Mid-Holocene Forest History of Florida and the Coastal Plain of Georgia and South Carolina. In Archaeology of the Mid-Holocene Southeast. Edited by Kenneth E. Sassaman and David G. Anderson, pp. 28-38. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Watts, William A. and Barbara C. S. Hansen 1994 Pre-Holocene and Holocene Pollen Records of Vegetation History for the Florida Peninsula and their Climatic Implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 109:163-176. West, Patsy 1990 History of Post-War Seminole Settlement in the Big Cypress. The Florida Anthropologist 43(4):240-248. Wheeler, Ryan J. 1994 Early Florida Decorated Bone Artifacts: Style and Aesthetics from Paleo-Indian Through Archaic. The Florida Anthropologist 47(1):47-60. 2004 Southern Florida Sites Associated with the Tequesta and Their Ancestors: National Historic Landmark/National Register of Historic Places Theme Study. FDHR, Tallahassee. White, William A. 1970 Geomorphology of the Florida Peninsula. Geological Bulletin 51. Florida Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Geology, Tallahassee. Widmer, Randolph J. 1974 A Survey and Assessment of the Archaeological Resources on Marco Island, Collier County, Florida. Miscellaneous Project Report Series 19. FDHR, Tallahassee. MS# 265. 1988 The Evolution of the Calusa. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa. Page 7826 of 9661 APPENDIX Survey Log Page 7827 of 9661 Florida Master Site File / Div. of Historical Resources / R.A. Gray Bldg / 500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 HR6E066R0, effective 05/2016 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440, Fax 850.245.6439, Email: SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 1 Ent D (FMSF only) __________ Survey Log Sheet Survey # (FMSF only) ___________ Florida Master Site File Version 5.0 /1 Consult Guide to the Survey Log Sheet for detailed instructions. Manuscript Information Survey Project (name and project phase) Report Title (exactly as on title page) Report Authors (as on title page) 1._______________________________ 3. _____________________________ 2._______________________________ 4. _____________________________ Publication Year __________ Number of Pages in Report (GRQot include site forms) ___________ Publication Information (Give series, number in series, publisher and city. For article or chapter, cite page numbers. Use the style of American Antiquity.) Supervisors of Fieldwork (even if same as author) Names _____________________________________________________ Affiliation of Fieldworkers: Organization _____________________________________ City ______________________ Key Words/Phrases (Don’t use county name, or common words like archaeology, structure, survey, architecture, etc.) 1. ___________________ 3.___________________ 5. ___________________ 7.____________________ 2. ___________________ 4.___________________ 6. ___________________ 8.____________________ Survey Sponsors (corporation, government unit, organization, or person funding fieldwork) Name. ____________________________________ Organization. ______________________________________ Address/Phone/E-mail. __________________________________________________________________________ Recorder of Log Sheet _________________________________________ Date Log Sheet Completed ___________ Is this survey or project a continuation of a previous project? q No q Yes: Previous survey #s (FMSF only) _______________ Project Area Mapping Counties (select every county in which field survey was done; attach additional sheet if necessary) 1. ___________________________ 3. ____________________________ 5. ___________________________ 2. ___________________________ 4. ____________________________ 6. ___________________________ USGS 1:24,000 Map Names/Year of Latest Revision (attach additional sheet if necessary) 1.Name ____________________________ Year_____4.Name _____________________________ Year_____ 2.Name ____________________________ Year_____5.Name _____________________________ Year_____ 3.Name ____________________________ Year_____6.Name _____________________________ Year_____ Field Dates and Project Area Description Fieldwork Dates: Start _________B End _B________ Total Area Surveyed (fill in one) _____BB_hectares BB______acres Number of Distinct Tracts or Areas Surveyed _________ If Corridor (fill in one for each) Width: ___B___meters ___B___feet Length: __B____kilometers ____B__miles CRAS Silver Strand Mine, CR Co. - Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Silver Strand Mine Property, Collier County, Florida ACI 2023 55 ACI (2023) Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Silver Strand Mine Property, Collier County, Florida. Conducted for Peninsula Engineering by ACI, Sarasota. P22223 Horvath, Elizabeth A. Archaeological Consultants Inc Sarasota Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, FL 34105 Horvath, Elizabeth A. 1-31-2023 Collier IMMOKALEE 2013 1-16-2023 1-27-2023 275.79 1 Page 7828 of 9661 Florida Master Site File / Div. of Historical Resources / R.A. Gray Bldg / 500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 HR6E066R0, effective 05/2016 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440, Fax 850.245.6439, Email: SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 Survey Log Sheet Survey #__________ Research and Field Methods Types of Survey (select all that apply): archaeological architectural historical/archival underwater damage assessment monitoring report other(describe):. _________________________ Scope/Intensity/Procedures Preliminary Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) q Florida Archives (Gray Building)q library research- local public q local property or tax records q other historic maps q Florida Photo Archives (Gray Building)q library-special collection q newspaper files q soils maps or dataq Site File property search q Public Lands Survey (maps at DEP) q literature search q windshield survey q Site File survey search q local informant(s)q Sanborn Insurance maps q aerial photography q other (describe):. ______________________________________________________________________________ Archaeological Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) q Check here if NO archaeological methods were used. q surface collection, controlled q shovel test-other screen size q surface collection, uncontrolled q water screen q shovel test-1/4”screen q posthole tests q shovel test-1/8” screen q auger tests q shovel test 1/16”screen q coring q shovel test-unscreened q test excavation (at least 1x2 m) q block excavation (at least 2x2 m) q soil resistivity q magnetometer q side scan sonar q JURXQGSHQHWUDWLQJUDGDU*35 q /,'$5 q other (describe):. _______________________________________________________________________________ Historical/Architectural Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) q Check here if NO historical/architectural methods were used. q building permits q demolition permits q neighbor interview q subdivision maps q commercial permits q occupant interview q tax records q interior documentation q ZLQGVKLHOGVXUYH\ q local property records q occupation permits q unknown q other (describe):. _______________________________________________________________________________ Survey Results Resource Significance Evaluated? q Yes q No Count of Previously Recorded Resources____________ Count of Newly Recorded Resources____________ List Previously Recorded Site ID#s with Site File Forms Completed (attach additional pages if necessary) List Newly Recorded Site ID#s (attach additional pages if necessary) Site Forms Used: q Site File Paper Forms q Site File PDF Forms REQUIRED: Attach Map of Survey or Project Area Boundary SHPO USE ONLY SHPO USE ONLY SHPO USE ONLY Origin of Report: 872 Public Lands UW 1A32 # Academic Contract Avocational Grant Project # Compliance Review: CRAT # Type of Document: Archaeological Survey Historical/Architectural Survey Marine Survey Cell Tower CRAS Monitoring Report Overview Excavation Report Multi-Site Excavation Report Structure Detailed Report Library, Hist. or Archival Doc MPS MRA TG Other: Document Destination: ________________________BB____ Plotability: ___________________________________________ /,'$5RWKHUUHPRWHVHQVLQJ SHGHVWULDQVXUYH\ XQNQRZQ PHWDOGHWHFWRU RWKHUUHPRWHVHQVLQJ 'HVNWRS$QDO\VLV background research, surface reconnaissance; systematic & judgmental subsurface testing (25, 50, 100 m) N=169, all negative; 50 cm diameter, 1 m deep, 1/4" screen; historic resources reconnaissance 00 NA NA Plottable Projects Page 7829 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine Property Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Sections 13-15 USGS Immokalee Collier County, Florida Page 7830 of 9661 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY FOR THE SILVER STRAND MINE ACCESS ROADS, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Performed for: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, Florida 34105 Prepared by: Florida’s First Choice in Cultural Resource Management Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 (941) 379-6206 November 2023 Page 7831 of 9661 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY FOR THE SILVER STRAND MINE ACCESS ROADS, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Performed for: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, Florida 34105 Conducted by: Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 Marion Almy - Project Manager Elizabeth A. Horvath - Project Archaeologist Justin Aiken – Archaeologist Madeline Westrom-Simons –Architectural Historian November 2023 Page 7832 of 9661 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) of 5.8 miles of access roads and water retention facilities for the Silver Strand Mine in Collier County for Peninsula Engineering. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) is between Immokalee Road and State Road 29. This CRAS was completed in November 2023 as due diligence in anticipation of permitting requirements. The purpose of this investigation was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the project APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the “geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist.” Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. Therefore, because of the project type and location of the proposed work, the archaeological and historical APE are limited to the footprint of the property. All work was carried out in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-655, as amended), as implemented by 36 CFR 800 (Protection of Historic Properties, effective August 2004), as well as Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statutes, Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code, and Florida’s Coastal Management Program. All work was performed in accordance with the standards and guidelines contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resources’ (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual: Module 3 (FDHR 2003). The Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards (48 Federal Register 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Background research and a review of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) and the NRHP indicated that there are three previously recorded archaeological sites within two miles of the APE; none are within the APE. There is a moderate to low potential for the occurrence of aboriginal archaeological sites based upon the environmental setting. There is a low potential for historic archaeological sites. Although evidence of the timber, naval stores, and agricultural industries may be uncovered. The investigations consisted of surface reconnaissance combined with systematic subsurface testing. All 97 shovel tests were negative; no archaeological sites were identified. Historic background research, including a review of the FMSF and NRHP databases, indicated that one historic resource (8CR01309) was previously recorded within the APE. This includes SR 29 (8CR01309), which was constructed during the mid-1920s. The resource was documented in 2018 and subsequently determined ineligible for listing in the NRHP by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO). Due to its recent documentation and ineligibility, an updated FMSF form was not completed. A review of relevant historic United States Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle maps, historic aerial photographs, and the Collier County property appraiser’s website data revealed the potential for three new historic resources 50 years of age or older (built in or prior to 1974) within the APE (Florida Department of Transportation [FDOT] 1973; Google 2023; Skinner 2023; United States Department of Agriculture [USDA] 1940, 1953, 1980; USGS 1958a, 1958b). While the field survey was carried out in November 2023, the date of construction will not occur until 2024; therefore, resources found to be 49 years of age or older (constructed in 1974 or earlier) were taken into consideration. Of the anticipated historic resources, the condition of one railroad grade was found to have deteriorated beyond the point at which it merits recording in the FMSF database. The second and third anticipated resources, including a canal and culvert, were found to be non-historic. Page 7833 of 9661 ii Given the results of background research and field survey, including the excavation of 97 shovel tests, no archaeological sites were discovered. As a result of the historical/architectural field survey no new historic resources were identified within the APE and the FMSF form for one ineligible resource was not updated. Thus, there are no cultural resources that are listed, eligible for listing, or that appear potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the APE. Therefore, it is the professional opinion of ACI that the proposed undertaking will result in no historic properties affected. Page 7834 of 9661 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1-1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Project Location and Setting ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Physiography and Geology ....................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Soils and Vegetation .................................................................................................. 2-4 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations .......................................................................... 2-6 3.0 CULTURE HISTORY ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Paleoindian ................................................................................................................ 3-2 3.2 Archaic ...................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.3 Glades ........................................................................................................................ 3-4 3.4 Caloosahatchee .......................................................................................................... 3-5 3.5 Colonialism ............................................................................................................... 3-7 3.6 Territorial and Statehood ........................................................................................... 3-8 3.7 Civil War and Aftermath ......................................................................................... 3-11 3.8 Twentieth Century ................................................................................................... 3-14 3.9 APE Specifics .......................................................................................................... 3-18 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS ..................................................... 4-1 4.1 Archaeological Considerations .................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Historical Considerations .......................................................................................... 4-5 4.3 Field Methodology .................................................................................................... 4-6 4.4 Procedures to Manage Unexpected Discoveries ....................................................... 4-7 4.5 Laboratory Methods/Curation ................................................................................... 4-7 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Archaeological .......................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Historical ................................................................................................................... 5-5 5.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 5-7 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ....................................................................................................... 6-1 APPENDIX Survey Log Page 7835 of 9661 iv LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND PHOTOGRAPHS Figure Figure 1.1. Location of the Silver Strand Mine Access Roads APE. ............................................... 1-2 Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE. ................................................................................. 2-2 Figure 2.2. Soil type distribution within the APE. ........................................................................... 2-5 Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions. .................................................................................... 3-1 Figure 3.2. 1839 Mackay and Blake map showing the APE. ........................................................... 3-9 Figure 3.3. 1856 Ives map showing the APE. ................................................................................ 3-11 Figure 3.4. 1874 plats showing the APE. ....................................................................................... 3-13 Figure 3.5. 1954 Copeland map showing the APE. ........................................................................ 3-16 Figure 3.6. 1954 Collier County soil map showing the APE. ........................................................ 3-16 Figure 3.7. 1958 quad map showing the APE. ............................................................................... 3-17 Figure 3.8. 1940 and 1980 aerial photographs showing the APE. .................................................. 3-19 Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded cultural resources near the APE. .......................... 4-2 Figure 5.1. Location of the shovel tests in the western portion of the APE. .................................... 5-2 Figure 5.2. Location of the shovel tests in the central portion of the APE. ...................................... 5-3 Figure 5.3. Location of the shovel tests in the eastern portion of the APE. ..................................... 5-4 Table Table 2.1. Soil types within the APE. ............................................................................................. 2-4 Table 4.1. CRAS projects conducted proximate to the APE. .......................................................... 4-3 Table 4.2. Distribution of sites by water type and distance. ............................................................ 4-4 Table 4.3. Drainage and soil types. ................................................................................................. 4-4 Photo Photo 2.1. Western APE, facing north. ............................................................................................ 2-1 Photo 2.2. Eastern agricultural fields, facing west. ......................................................................... 2-3 Photo 2.3. Drainage canal in the eastern APE, facing north. ........................................................... 2-3 Photo 2.4. Drainage canal in the western APE, facing south. ......................................................... 2-3 Photo 5.1. Stratigraphy in the western APE. ................................................................................... 5-1 Photo 5.2. Stratigraphy in the central APE. ..................................................................................... 5-5 Photo 5.3. Stratigraphy in the eastern AP, facing north . ................................................................ 5-5 Photo 5.4. Looking southeast along powerline corridor, the railroad was previously located to the left. ............................................................................................................................ 5-6 Photo 5.5. Looking west at the current access road from SR 29, the railroad was previously located between the SR 29 and the powerlines. ............................................................. 5-6 Page 7836 of 9661 ACI 1-1 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 1.0 INTRODUCTION Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) of 5.8 miles of access roads and water retention facilities for the Silver Strand Mine in Collier County for Peninsula Engineering. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) is between Immokalee Road and State Road 29 (Figure 1.1). This CRAS was completed in November 2023 as due diligence in anticipation of permitting requirements. The purpose of this investigation was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the project APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the “geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist.” Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. Therefore, because of the project type and location of the proposed work, the archaeological and historical APE are limited to the footprint of the property. All work was carried out in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-655, as amended), as implemented by 36 CFR 800 (Protection of Historic Properties, effective August 2004), as well as Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statutes, Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code, and Florida’s Coastal Management Program. All work was performed in accordance with the standards and guidelines contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resources’ (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual: Module 3 (FDHR 2003). The Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards (48 Federal Register 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Background research preceded the field investigations. Such research provides an informed set of expectation as to the types and locations of resources expected within the APE. In addition, the data can be used to assess the significance of any sites discovered. Page 7837 of 9661 ACI 1-2 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 1.1. Location of the Silver Strand Mine Access Roads APE. Page 7838 of 9661 ACI 2-1 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Environmental factors such as geology, topography, relative elevation, soils, vegetation, and water are important in determining where archaeological sites are likely to be located. These variables influenced what types of resources were available in a given area, which in turn influenced decisions regarding settlement location and land-use patterns. Because of the influence of these environmental factors upon the inhabitants, a discussion of the environment is included. 2.1 Project Location and Setting The 59.6-acre APE is located in Sections 14-15, 22-24, and 27 of Township 47 South, Range 29 East and Section 19 in Township 47 South, Range 30 East (United States [U.S.] Geological Survey [USGS] Immokalee and Immokalee SW 2013a, 2013b) (Figure 2.1). The APE is located between Immokalee Road and SR 29, about one mile south of the Immokalee Reservation. The APE consists of dead and dying citrus groves with drainage ditches between every two rows and large drainage canals. The eastern portion of the APE is active agricultural fields (Photos 2.1-2.4). Photo 2.1. Western APE, facing north. 2.2 Physiography and Geology According to White (1970), Collier County is included in the southern, or distal, physiographic zone, and more specifically, the APE is within the Immokalee Rise physiographic zone. It sits at an elevation of 20-25 feet [ft] above mean sea level. The APE is underlain by the Tamiami formation, which is surficially evidenced by shelly sand and clay (Lane 1981; Scott 2001; Scott et al. 2001). Page 7839 of 9661 ACI 2-2 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE. Page 7840 of 9661 ACI 2-3 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Photo 2.2. Eastern agricultural fields, facing west. Photo 2.3. Drainage canal in the eastern APE, facing north. Photo 2.4. Drainage canal in the western APE, facing south. Page 7841 of 9661 ACI 2-4 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 2.3 Soils and Vegetation According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the APE is within Immokalee-Oldsmar-Basinger soil association and the Holopaw-Wabasso-Winder association. The former consists of nearly level, poorly drained, sandy soils on flatwoods and in sloughs. The natural vegetation consists of saw palmetto and some areas of scattered South Florida slash pine, waxmyrtle, and gallberry. The sloughs support scattered areas of slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, saw palmetto, waxmyrtle, sand cordgrass, pineland threeawn, panicum, and chalky bluestem. The Holopaw-Wabasso-Webster association is characterized by nearly level, poorly and very poorly drained, sandy soils with a loamy subsoil. They occur of the flatwoods, sloughs, and in small, closed depressions. The flatwoods vegetation consists of saw palmetto and some areas of scattered South Florida slash pine, gallberry, and waxmyrtle. The sloughs support scattered areas of South Florida slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, saw palmetto, waxmyrtle, sand cordgrass, pineland threeawn, panicum, and chalky bluestem. The native vegetation inf the closed depressions include pickerelweed, St. Johnswort, and maidencane. Table 2.1 provides a list of the soils within the APE and their locations are depicted on Figure 2.2 (USDA 2021). Table 2.1. Soil types within the APE. Soil type, % slopes Drainage Setting Chobee, Winder and Gator soils, frequently ponded (fp), 0-1% Very poor Depressions and marshes Cypress Lake fine sand, 0-2% Poor Flatwoods Ft. Drum-Malabar, high, association Poor Ridges along sloughs Holopaw-Okeelanta, fp, 0-1% Very poor Depressions and marshes Holopaw fine sand, 0-2% Poor Sloughs and poorly defined drainageways Immokalee fine sand Poor Flatwoods Malabar fine sand, 0-2% Poor Sloughs and poorly defined drainageways Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% Poor Flatwoods Pineda-Riviera fine sands association Poor Sloughs and poorly defined drainageways Wabasso fine sand, 0-2% Poor Flatwoods Winder, Riviera, limestone substratum, and Chobee soils, frequently ponded, 0- 1% slopes Very poor Marshes The soils support different vegetative regimes, which in turn provide habitats for the local animal population. The Natural Vegetation of Florida map indicates that the APE is in pine flatwoods (Davis 1980). Soils have variable suitability for openland, woodland, and wetland habitats. The habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland, pasture, meadows, and areas that are overgrown with grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas produce grain and seed crops, grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. The wildlife attracted to these areas include bobwhite quail, dove, sandhill crane, meadowlark, field sparrow, and cottontail. Cypress Lake, Immokalee, Malabar-high, Pineda, Riviera, Holopaw, and Oldsmar sands are rated fair for openlands. Woodland wildlife habitat includes area of deciduous plants or coniferous plants or both and associated grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife attracted to these areas include turkey, barred owls, thrushes, woodpeckers, squirrels, gray fox, racoon, and white-tailed deer. Ft. Drum, Holopaw, Oldsmar, Riviera, and Wabasso sands are rated fair for woodlands. The habitat for wetland wildlife includes areas of open, marshy, or swampy, shallow water areas. Wildlife in these areas include ducks, egrets, herons, shore birds, ibis, otter, and alligators (Liudahl et al. 1998: Table 6). Chobee, Winder and Gator soils; Winder, Riviera limestone substratum, and Chobee soils; and Holopaw-Okeelanta soils are well suited to wetlands; Pineda, Riviera, Malabar, Holopaw, Malabar-high, Immokalee, and Cypress Lake are rated fair. Soils not mentioned above are rated poor or very poor for that habitat. Page 7842 of 9661 ACI 2-5 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 2.2. Soil type distribution within the APE. Page 7843 of 9661 ACI 2-6 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations The early environment of the region was different from that seen today. Sea levels were lower, the climate was arid, and fresh water was scarce. An understanding of human ecology during the earliest periods of human occupation in Florida cannot be based on observations of the modern environment because of changes in water availability, botanical communities, and faunal resources. Aboriginal inhabitants would have developed cultural adaptations in response to the environmental changes taking place, which were then reflected in settlement patterns, site types, artifact forms, and subsistence economies. Due to arid conditions between 16,500 and 12,500 years ago, the perched water aquifer and potable water supplies were absent. Palynological studies conducted in Florida and Georgia suggest that between 13,000 and 5000 years ago, this area was covered with an upland vegetation community of scrub oak and prairie (Watts 1969, 1971, 1975). However, the environment was not static. Evidence recovered from the inundated Page-Ladson Site in north Florida has clearly demonstrated that there were two periods of low water tables and dry climatic conditions and two episodes of elevated water tables and wet conditions (Dunbar 2006b). By 5000 years ago, a climatic event marking a brief return to Pleistocene climatic conditions induced a change toward more open vegetation. Southern pine forests replaced the oak savannahs. Extensive marshes and swamps developed along the coasts and subtropical hardwood forests became established along the southern tip of Florida (Delcourt and Delcourt 1981). Northern Florida saw an increase in oak species, grasses, and sedges (Carbone 1983). In south central Florida, pollen cores were dominated by wax myrtle and pine. The assemblage suggests that by this time, a forest dominated by longleaf pine along with cypress swamps and bayheads were present (Watts 1971, 1975). About 5000 years ago, surface water was plentiful in karst terrains and the level of the Floridan aquifer rose to five feet above present levels. With the establishment of warmer winters and cooler summers than in the preceding early Holocene, the fire-adapted pine communities prevailed. These depend on the high summer precipitation caused by the thunderstorms and the accompanying lightning strikes to spark the fires (Watts et al. 1996; Watts and Hansen 1994). The increased precipitation also resulted in the formation of the large swamp systems such as the Okefenokee and Everglades (Gleason and Stone 1994). After this time, modern floral, climatic, and environmental conditions began to be established. Page 7844 of 9661 ACI 3-1 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 3.0 CULTURE HISTORY A discussion of the culture history of the region provides a framework within which the local archaeological and historic record can be examined. Archaeological and historic sites are not individual entities but are the remains of once dynamic cultural systems. As a result, they cannot be adequately examined or interpreted without reference to other sites and resources in the area. In general, the culture history of an area (i.e., an archaeological region) outlines the sequence of archaeological cultures through time. These cultures are defined largely in geographical terms but also reflect shared environmental and cultural factors. The project area is situated at the interface of the Caloosahatchee and Glades archaeological regions (Carr and Beriault 1984; Griffin 2002) (Figure 3.1). It should be noted that this regional assignment is one of several competing interpretations for the area, and Griffin (2002) supplies an excellent discussion of alterative groupings. Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions. The area is better understood after the introduction of pottery (circa [ca.] 500 Before Common Era [BCE]). Prior to this, regional characteristics of native populations are not easily identified, as malleable materials such as textiles and basketry, which lend themselves to cultural expression, are typically destroyed by environmental processes. With the arrival of pottery, the clay provided both a means of cultural expression and an archaeologically durable artifact. Thus, the use of pottery as a marker of cultural diversity probably post-dates the inception of distinct Florida cultures by many centuries. The local history of the region is divided into four broad periods named with reference to the prevailing governmental powers or historical trends. The first period, Colonialism, occurred during the exploration and control of Florida by the Spanish and British from around 1513 until 1821. At that time, Florida became a territory of the U.S. and 21 years later became a State (Territorial and Statehood). Page 7845 of 9661 ACI 3-2 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A The Civil War and Aftermath (1861-1899) period covers the Civil War, the period of Reconstruction following the war, and the late 1800s, when the transportation systems were dramatically increased and development throughout the state expanded. The Twentieth Century period has subperiods based on important historic events such as the World Wars, the Boom of the 1920s, and the Depression. Each of these periods evidenced differential development and utilization of the region, thus affecting the historic archeological site distribution. 3.1 Paleoindian The Paleoindian stage is the earliest known cultural manifestation in Florida, dating from ca. 14,300-9750 BCE (Anderson et al. 2019:258). Archaeological evidence for Paleoindians consists primarily of scattered finds of diagnostic lanceolate-shaped projectile points. The Florida peninsula at that time was quite different than today. In general, During this time, the climate of South Florida was much drier than today. The sea level was 260-425 ft lower than present, and the coast extended approximately 100 miles seaward on the Gulf coast. With lower sea levels, today’s well-watered inland environments were arid uplands (Milanich 1994). Lake Okeechobee, the Caloosahatchee, Myakka, and Peace Rivers, the Big Cypress, and the Everglades were probably dry. Because of drier global conditions and little or no surface water available for evaporation, Florida’s rainfall was much lower than at present (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980). Potable water was obtainable at sinkholes where the lower water table could be reached. Plant and animal life were also more diverse around the oases that were frequented by both people and game animals (Milanich 1994; Widmer 1988). Thus, the prevailing environmental conditions were largely uninviting to human habitation during the Paleoindian period (Griffin 2002). Given the inhospitable climate, it is not surprising that the population was sparse and Paleoindian sites are uncommon in south Florida. Exceptions include two sites to the north in Sarasota County, Little Salt Springs (Clausen et al. 1979) and Warm Mineral Springs (Clausen et al. 1975a, 1975b; Cockrell and Murphy 1978) and one site to the southeast, Cutler Fossil Site, in Dade County (Carr 1986). Archaeologists hypothesize that this period was characterized by small groups utilizing a hunting and gathering mode of subsistence. Dunbar (2006a:540) suggests that Paleoindians identified and migrated to “unexploited resource-rich areas” of food. Permanent sources of water, scarce during this time, were very important in settlement selection as well (Daniel and Wisenbaker 1987). This settlement model, often referred to as the Oasis Hypothesis (Milanich 1994:41), has a high correlation with geologic features in southern Florida such as deep sink holes like those noted in Sarasota and Dade counties. Sites of this period are most readily identified based on distinctive lanceolate shaped stone projectile points including those of the Simpson and Suwannee types (Bullen 1975). The tool assemblage also included items manufactured of bone, wood, and very likely leather, as well as plant fibers (Clausen et al. 1979). 3.2 Archaic The succeeding Archaic period is divided into three temporal periods: Early Archaic (ca. 7000 to 5000 BCE), Middle Archaic (ca. 5000 to 2000 BCE), and the Late Archaic (ca. 2000 to 500 BCE). According to Widmer (1988), the extreme aridity of the south Florida region during the Early Archaic period may have led to the abandonment of the area. Sites of the Early Archaic and Middle Archaic are not common in southern Florida. James Pepe confirmed the location of three Early Archaic and 13 Middle Archaic sites in the 13-county Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) area (Janus Research 2008). Initially, the settlement patterns and tools of the Early Archaic were similar to those of the preceding Paleoindian period, but through time, more wetland habitats began to emerge. Page 7846 of 9661 ACI 3-3 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A During the Archaic, marked environmental changes occurred that had profound influence upon human settlement and subsistence practices. Humans adapted to this changing environment and regional differences are reflected in the archaeological record (Russo 1994a, 1994b; Sassaman 2008). Among the landscape alterations were rises in sea and water table levels that resulted in the creation of more available surface water. It was during this period that Lake Okeechobee, the Everglades, the Big Cypress Swamp, and the Caloosahatchee and Peace Rivers formed. In addition to the hydrological changes, this period is characterized by the spread of mesic forests and the beginnings of modern vegetation communities including pine forests and cypress swamps (Griffin 2002; Widmer 1988). Two Early Archaic horizons, the Bolen and the Kirk, have been identified (Janus Research 2008). The main diagnostic markers for the Bolen Early Archaic are side-notched projectile points such as the Bolen and Greenbriar types (Austin 1997; Bullen 1975) as well as Kirk Corner-Notched (Farr 2006). Other stone artifacts include adzes, Edgefield scrapers, end scrapers, spokeshaves with graver spurs, side scrapers, and Waller knives (Purdy 1981). In southern Florida, the archaeological record for the Middle Archaic is better known than the Early Archaic. Among the material culture inventory are several varieties of stemmed, broad blade projectile points including those of the Newnan, Levy, Marion, and Putnam types (Bullen 1975). At sites where preservation is good, such as sinkholes and ponds, an elaborate bone tool assemblage is recognized along with shell tools and complicated weaving (Beriault et al. 1981; Wheeler 1994). In addition, artifacts have been found in the surrounding upland areas, such as the upland palmetto and pine flatwoods surrounding the Bay West Site (Beriault et al. 1981). Along the coast, excavations on both Horr’s Island in Collier County and Useppa Island in Lee County (Milanich et al. 1984; Russo 1991) have uncovered pre-ceramic shell middens that date to the Middle Archaic period. The Horr’s Island shell ring is accompanied by at least three ceremonial mounds. Large architectural features such as these were designed to divide, separate, and elevate above other physical positions within the settlement as a reflection and reinforcement of the social segmentation within society (Russo 2008:21). Mortuary sites, characterized by interments in shallow ponds and sloughs, as discovered at the Little Salt Springs Site in Sarasota County (Clausen et al. 1979) and the Bay West Site in Collier County (Beriault et al. 1981), are also distinctive of the Middle Archaic. The beginning of the Late (or Ceramic) Archaic period is similar to the Middle Archaic but includes the addition of pottery. The earliest pottery in the south Florida region is fiber-tempered (Orange Plain and Orange Incised), as represented at sites on Key Marco (Cockrell 1970; Widmer 1974). Projectile points of the Late Archaic are primarily stemmed and corner-notched, and include the Culbreath, Clay, and Lafayette types (Bullen 1975). Other Late Archaic lithic tools included hafted scrapers and ovate and triangular-shaped knives (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980) Essentially modern environmental conditions were reached by the beginning of the Late Archaic period, when freshwater resources were available throughout southern Florida. Sea levels continued to rise slightly during the post Archaic periods, inundating small knolls located along the edge of the Everglades in the process (Carr et al. 1991:125-126; Wheeler 2004:49). The emergence of stable coastal environments led to greater estuarine richness, which permitted larger human populations and regionalization of cultures as people adapted to specific habitats (Milanich 1994:83). The South Florida Native Americans increased their reliance on marine resources in coastal areas and expanded hunting, fishing, and plant collection throughout the interior (Carr 2002:195). Until recently, variations of Bullen’s chronology for the Late Archaic Orange culture in northeastern Florida were generally used for the Late Archaic in southern Florida. Fiber-tempered pottery, the earliest known for all of North America, was considered a marker for the ceramic portion of the Late Archaic. The use of this standard fiber-tempered sequence for the Late Archaic in southern Page 7847 of 9661 ACI 3-4 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Florida has come into question. Based on his research in southwestern Florida, Widmer (1988:68) hypothesized that the earliest Late Archaic sites included “untempered chalky pottery and limestone-tempered pottery as well as the usual fiber-tempered Orange pottery.” Austin (1997:136) stated that the “identification of a true Orange Horizon in south Florida is debatable.” Instead, what is more common is the presence of “semi-fiber tempered” pottery in the basal levels of middens, “often in association with thick St. Johns Plain or sand tempered plain sherds, and overlying either culturally sterile sands, or sparse scatters of lithic artifacts” (Austin 1996, 1997). Both Widmer and Austin agreed that semi-fiber tempered components at sites throughout southern Florida are “ephemeral” and soon replaced in the archaeological record by components consisting exclusively of sand-tempered pottery (Austin 1997:136; Widmer 1988:72-73). Importantly, it is now becoming clear that many of the ubiquitous faunal bone middens located in the interior wetlands of southern Florida date to the Late Archaic, despite the fact that many of them lack pottery. Such sites are difficult to date because, not only do they often lack chronologically diagnostic artifacts, most of the faunal bone at the sites lacks collagen, which is the datable material in bone samples. Nonetheless, ongoing research by the National Park Service in the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park has yielded dense aceramic faunal bone middens yielding radiocarbon dates between 2800 and 1500 BCE (Schwadron 2006). 3.3 Glades The termination of the Late or Ceramic Archaic corresponds to a time of environmental change. The maturing of productive estuarine systems was accompanied by cultural changes leading to the establishment of what John Goggin originally defined as the “Glades Tradition” (Griffin 2002:148). The Glades Tradition was characterized by “the exploitation of the food resources of the tropical coastal waters, with secondary dependence on game and some use of wild plant foods. Agriculture was apparently not practiced, but pottery was extensively used” (Goggin 1949:28). Unlike much of peninsular Florida, the region does not contain deposits of chert, and as such, stone artifacts are rare. Instead of stone, shell and bone were used as raw materials for tools (Milanich 1994:302). Most information concerning the post-500 BCE aboriginal populations is derived from coastal sites where the subsistence patterns are typified by the extensive exploitation of fish and shellfish, wild plants, and inland game, like deer. Inland sites show a greater reliance on interior wetland resources. Known inland sites often consist of sand burial mounds and shell and dirt middens along major water courses, and small dirt middens containing animal bone and pottery in oak/palm hammocks, or palm tree islands associated with freshwater marshes (Griffin 2002). These islands of dry ground provided space for settlements (Carr 2002). Glades I - Beginning around 500 BCE, fiber-tempered and semi fiber-tempered pottery of the Late Archaic period was replaced by sand-tempered pottery (Glades Plain). This change in tempering agent marks the beginning of the Glades cultural tradition. For 700 years, sand-tempered plain pottery dominated the assemblage, but from 200 CE (Common Era) and lasting until 800 CE, Gordon’s Pass Incised, Sanibel Incised, and an, as of yet unclassified decorated pottery type, were the predominant decorated types (Carr and Beriault 1984; Griffin 2002). The tremendous increase in Glades I sites within the Big Cypress indicates a dramatic increase in the usage of the area during this time (Widmer 1988), and the geographic extent of the Glades I diagnostics indicates a considerable degree of interchange and interaction (Griffin 2002:154). Glades II - The Glades II era (ca. 800 to 1200 CE) is marked by a tremendous diversity in decorated ceramic types. Goggin (n.d.) described the decorations as being “neatly and cleanly cut and apparently made with swift cutting strokes while the clay is partially dry.” Glades IIa (750-900 CE) is Page 7848 of 9661 ACI 3-5 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A identified by the presence of Key Largo Incised, Opa Locka Incised, and Miami Incised. During Glades IIb (ca. 900-1100 CE), Key Largo Incised remained the primary decorated ware. The number of sites increased, and the period would appear to be one of “relative stability in technology and subsistence” (Griffin 2002:158). From ca. 1100 to 1200 CE there is a conspicuous absence of decorated pottery, and the number of sites drops dramatically (Griffin 2002:158). This cultural hiatus has been correlated to the NeoAtlantic warm period and associated with high sea levels (Fairbridge 1984; Gleason et al. 1984). Glades III - The Glades III era begins with the reintroduction of decorated ceramics; however, the motifs and techniques are noticeably different from previous styles. Glades IIIa (ca. 1200-1400 CE) is identified by the appearance of Surfside Incised, St. Johns Check Stamped, and Safety Harbor wares. There is also an accompanying increase in bone ornaments. Then again, ca. 1400 CE, ceramic decoration ceases with the exception of tooled rim types (Griffin 2002:159). Griffin hypothesizes that this ceramic style might have been associated with increasing Calusa influence in the area (Griffin 2002:159). Whereas the earlier cultural periods of the Glades area are defined exclusively by the archaeological record, historical documents provide greater information, including tribal names, for the peoples of the terminal Glades III period. Much of the early historical ethnographic information is derived from the account of Hernando d’Escalante Fontaneda, a Spanish captive of the Calusa (True 1944). During his 17-year captivity, Fontaneda learned of the political structure, economy, social hierarchy, and religion of the south Florida Indians. 3.4 Caloosahatchee The termination of the Late or Ceramic Archaic corresponds to a time of environmental change. The maturing of productive estuarine systems was accompanied by cultural changes leading to the establishment of what John Goggin defined as the “Glades Tradition” (Griffin 1988:133). It was characterized by “the exploitation of the food resources of the tropical coastal waters, with secondary dependence on game and some use of wild plant foods. Agriculture was apparently never practiced, but pottery was extensively used” (Goggin 1949:28). Unlike much of peninsular Florida, the region does not contain deposits of chert, and as such stone artifacts are rare. Instead of stone, shell and bone were used as raw materials for tools (Milanich 1994:302). Most information concerning the post-500 BCE aboriginal populations is derived from coastal sites where the subsistence patterns are typified by the extensive exploitation of fish and shellfish, wild plants, and inland game, like deer. Although Widmer postulated environmental stability for the Calusa, this was far from the truth based upon the recent environmental reconstructions (Walker 2013; Widmer 1988). Inland sites show a greater, if not exclusive reliance on interior resources. Known inland sites often consist of sand burial mounds and shell and dirt middens along major water courses, and small dirt middens containing animal bone and ceramic sherds in oak/palm hammocks, or palm tree islands associated with freshwater marshes (Griffin 1988). These islands of dry ground provided space for settlements (Carr 2002). The settlement pattern of the Caloosahatchee people at this time consisted of large villages (25 ac with about 400 people), small villages (9 ac / 50 people), and fishing hamlets and/or collection stations (2.5 ac, temporary, task specific site) (Widmer 1988). The larger sites are located in the coastal areas, whereas most of the interior sites are seen as short-term hunting stations occupied by special task groups from the permanent coastal villages (Widmer 1988:226). Caloosahatchee I, ca. 500 BCE to 500 CE, is characterized by thick, sand-tempered plain sherds with rounded lips, some St. Johns Plain ceramics, the appearance of Pineland Plain ceramics (tempered Page 7849 of 9661 ACI 3-6 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A with sponge spicules and medium to fine quartz sand), and the absence of Belle Glade ceramics (Marquardt 1999:85). Based on the faunal analysis from Useppa Island and Pineland, fish was the primary meat source with whelks and conchs being the primary shellfish food. Botanical materials utilized include chenopod, panic grass, talinum, mallow, red mangrove, waxmyrtle, pine, buttonwood, and seagrape (Marquardt 1999:87). Data on burial customs for this time are unknown; on Pineland, the use of burial mounds began around 1000 CE (Marquardt and Walker 2013). Small discrete shell middens located along the coast may have represented clustered habitation areas for extended kin groups or lineages, and through time, the lower lying areas were filled in to make a larger elongated shell work (Schober 2014). A dramatic increase of Belle Glade ceramics marks the Caloosahatchee II period (ca. 500-1200 CE). Cordell (1992) has divided the Caloosahatchee II period into IIA and IIB based on the appearance of Belle Glade Red ceramics at about 800 CE. In addition, the IIA and IIB time ranges roughly correlate with two contrasting climate/sea-level episodes (Walker 2013). These changes in ceramics may also indicate the resurgence of ceremonial mound use, a characteristic of the period. Shell from other locales at these large ceremonial centers (e.g., Mound Key, Pineland) and villages sites (Estero) were used to increase the size of many of the shell mounds. Burials occurred in sand mounds and in natural sand ridges with both primary flexed and secondary bundle burials. The number of shell middens or village sites increased (Milanich 1994:319) and evidence of ranked societies appears (Widmer 1988:93). However, Schober notes there was an apparent abandonment of many sites in inland bays and on barrier islands (Schober 2014). The Wightman Site has three non-mortuary ceremonial mounds connected by shell causeways (Fradkin 1976). In addition, the large Pineland Canal appears to have been constructed at this time (Luer 1989a, 1989b). It is possible that the large Pineland complex served as the center of Calusa society at this time (cf. Milanich 1995:44). During this time, it had been postulated that sea levels were higher than during the Caloosahatchee I period, or that the coastal area was under greater influence from nearby ocean inlets. This is based on the higher diversity of faunal remains and the increased number higher salinity-based food stuffs (Walker 1992). The number of shell midden or village sites increased, and shell tools (hafted shell hammers and cutting edged tools) became more diverse (Marquardt 1992:429; Milanich 1994:319). The Caloosahatchee III period (ca. 1200 to 1350 CE) is identified by the appearance of St. Johns Check Stamped and Pinellas Plain ceramics (Cordell 1992). Belle Glade Plain ceramics continue to be the dominant type, with sand tempered plain and Pineland Plain also occurring. Marquardt (1992:430) notes that no obvious changes in the settlement and subsistence patterns based upon the archaeological evidence even though this is the beginning of the Little Ice Age (Marquardt 2013). The accumulation and/or build-up of midden-mounds continued in a constricted spatial pattern, as in the IB period (Marquardt and Walker 2012). Sand burial mounds continued to be utilized, often containing Englewood and Safety Harbor vessels. A number of mounds from this period have had radially placed extended burials within the mounds (Luer and Almy 1987). The Caloosahatchee IV period (ca. 1400-1513 CE) is characterized by the appearance of numerous trade wares from the adjoining regions (Widmer 1988:86). These types include Glades Tooled and pottery of the Safety Harbor series. There was also a decrease in popularity of Belle Glade Plain ceramics (Milanich 1994:321). Sand tempered plain pottery, with square and flattened lips, is the most common (Cordell 1992:168). There is also an increase in Pineland Plain ceramics. Around 1400 CE, the use of incising on ceramics in the Glades and Caloosahatchee regions ceased and the ceramic assemblages of the two areas were very homogeneous (Marquardt 1992:431). Some have suggested that this represents an expansion of the Calusa within this area (Griffin 1988; McGregor 1974). Large villages sites continued to accumulate midden-mounds and the dead were interred in sand burial mounds (Marquardt 2013). Page 7850 of 9661 ACI 3-7 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 3.5 Colonialism The cultural traditions of the native Floridians changed as a result of European expansion into America. The initial events, authorized by the Spanish crown in the 1500s, ushered in devastating European contact. After Ponce de Leon’s landing near St. Augustine and circumnavigation of the peninsula in 1513, official Spanish explorations were confined to the west coast of Florida until 1565. Florida’s east coast, lacking deep-water harbors like Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor, was left to a few shipwrecked sailors from treasure ships, which, by 1551, sailed through the Straits of Florida on their way to Spain. When the first Europeans arrived in coastal southwest Florida in the 16th century, they encountered the Calusa, a powerful, complex society ruled by a paramount chief. The principal town of the Calusa is thought to have been on Mound Key in Estero Bay. Documents suggest that the Calusa chief ruled over 50 towns, from which he exacted tribute (Widmer 1988). Between 1513 and 1558, Spain launched several expeditions of exploration and ultimately failed, colonization of La Florida. Archaeological evidence of contact can be found in the form of European trade goods such as glass beads, bells, and trinkets recovered from village sites. Prior to the settlement of St. Augustine in 1565, European contact with the indigenous peoples was sporadic and brief; however, the repercussions were devastating. The southeastern Native American population of 1500 has been estimated at 1.5 to 2 million (Dobyns 1983). Following exposure to Old World diseases such as bubonic plague, dysentery, influenza, and smallpox, epidemics to which they had no immunity, the Native American population was reduced by as much as 90% (Ramenofsky 1987). The social consequences of such a swift and merciless depopulation were staggering. Within 87 years of Ponce de Leon’s landing, the Mississippian cultures of the Southeast were collapsed (Smith 1987). In 1708, the Spanish government reported that three hundred refugees were all that remained of the original Florida population (Mulroy 1993). Along the Gulf Coast between Charlotte Harbor and Tampa Bay, Spanish and Cuban fisherfolk established communities, or “ranchos,” with the earliest being at Useppa Island and San Carlos Bay (Hammond 1973; Palov 1999). There is growing archaeological evidence that the surviving Native Americans of the region were assimilated into these mixed communities (Almy 2001; Hann 1991; Neill 1968; Palov 1999). These west coast ranchos supplied dried fish to Cuban and northern markets until the mid-1830s, when the Seminole Indian Wars and customs control closed the fisheries. During the two centuries following the settlement of St. Augustine, the Spanish widened their Florida holdings to include the settlement at Pensacola and a garrison at Saint Marks. With the English to the north and the French to the west, the Spanish colony of La Florida was extremely fragile. In the early 1700s, Spain invited some of the Lower Creek Indians, displaced by British settlements, into La Florida to provide a hostile buffer against the British (Mulroy 1993). What formed as a border population evolved as other bands of Lower Creek extraction moved into the peninsula. This first migration formed a confederation, which included Cowkeeper and his Alachua band, the Apalachicolas, and the Mikasukis (Mulroy 1993). The Treaty of Paris (1763) reallocated the British, French, and Spanish holdings in America. As a result, Florida was ceded to the English. After this, bands of Upper Creek, Muskogee speakers, began moving into Florida, increasing the Native American population to around two thousand by 1790 (Mulroy 1993). Although cultural distinctions existed between the various Native American groups entering Florida, Europeans collectively called them Seminoles: The word Seminole means runaway or broken off. Hence Seminole is a distinctive appellation, applicable to all the Indians in the Territory of Florida, as all of them run Page 7851 of 9661 ACI 3-8 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A away, or broke off, from the Creek or Nuiscoge [Muskogee] nation (U.S. Congress 1837). The Seminoles formed, at various times, loose confederacies for mutual protection against the new American Nation to the north (Tebeau 1980:72). The Seminoles were joined by escaped slaves from South Carolina and Georgia (Porter 1996). The loss of slave labor, particularly in light of the abolitionists’ movement in the northeast, coupled with the anxiety of having a free and hostile slave population immediately to the south, caused great concern among plantation owners. This historically underestimated nuance of the Seminole Wars prompted General Thomas S. Jesup to say, “This you may be assured is a negro and not an Indian War” (Knetsch 2003:104). Following the Treaty of Paris (1763), the ensuing decades witnessed the American Revolution during which British loyalists immigrated to Florida. Following the Revolution, the second Treaty of Paris (1783) returned Florida to Spain; however, Spanish influence was nominal during this second period of ownership. For the next 36 years, Spain, from the vantage of Florida, watched with growing concern as the infant American Nation to the north gained momentum. When the U.S. acquired the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803, Spain was hemmed in. When the Seminoles began cross-border raids from Spanish Florida into the United States, General Andrew Jackson was commission to defend the nation. His orders permitted him to cross the international border to pursue Seminoles, but he was to respect Spanish authority. General Jackson’s subsequent actions belie either tacit instructions or a personal agenda, as he killed hundreds of indigenous people and runaway slaves, took control of several Spanish garrisons and towns, confiscated the Spanish royal archives, named an American as governor of the area, and announced that the Spanish economic laws would be replaced by the revenue laws of the U.S. (Tebeau 1980). This aggression understandably strained relations between the U.S. and Spain. Spain, who had more pressing concerns with its Central and South American colonies, ceded Florida to the U.S. in the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 in exchange for the territory west of the Sabine River. 3.6 Territorial and Statehood In 1821, Andrew Jackson, named provisional governor of the Territory of Florida, divided the territory into St. Johns and Escambia Counties. At that time, St. Johns County encompassed all of Florida lying east of the Suwannee River, and Escambia County included the land lying to the west. In the first territorial census in 1825, some 317 persons reportedly lived in South Florida; by 1830 that number had risen to 517 (Tebeau 1980:134). Although what became known as the First Seminole War (the cross-border hostilities between the U.S. and the Seminoles) was fought in north Florida, the Treaty of Moultrie Creek in 1823, at the end of the war, was to affect the settlement of south Florida. In exchange for occupancy of a four- million-acre reservation south of Ocala and north of Charlotte Harbor, the Seminoles relinquished their claim to the remainder of the peninsula (Covington 1958; Mahon 1985). The treaty satisfied neither the Seminoles nor the settlers. The inadequacy of the reservation, the desperate situation of the Seminoles, and the demand of would-be settlers for their removal, produced another conflict. By 1835, the Second Seminole War was underway, initiated with the Seminole attack on Major Dade’s company in route to Fort King. Although much of the Second Seminole War occurred in central Florida, as the Seminoles fled southward into the Big Cypress and Everglades, U.S. forces pursued them. In October 1840, U.S. Secretary of War Joel Poinsett advised commander Armistead that the construction of fixed post installations should be discontinued, and temporary depots should be adopted (Knetsch 2003). This new strategy was a direct response to the guerilla-like warfare utilized by the Page 7852 of 9661 ACI 3-9 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Seminoles and the abandonment of set piece warfare. Because of this directive, the landscape of south Florida was dotted with depots and only slightly more substantial “forts.” The forts of south Florida very rarely approximated the size and permanency of forts such as Brooke, King, and Mellon. The Mackay and Blake map from this time shows no features near the APE (Mackay and Blake 1839) (Figure 3.2). Geo-referencing maps from this time is a difficult proposition, thus the following figures show the approximate location of the APE. Figure 3.2. 1839 Mackay and Blake map showing the APE. The federal government ended the Second Seminole War in 1842 by withdrawing troops from Florida. At the war’s end, some of the battle-weary Seminoles were persuaded to emigrate to the Oklahoma Indian Reservation where the federal government had set aside land for them. After much political deliberation over the fate of black Seminoles (Knetsch 2003:126), approximately 500 black Seminoles were allowed to accompany the “red Seminoles” west (Porter 1996). Those Seminoles who wished to remain in Florida were allowed to do so, but the reservation boundary was redrawn, reducing Seminole lands to south and west of Lake Istokpoga in Highlands County. To limit contact between the Seminoles and Cuban fisherfolk, the offshore islands were excluded from the territory (Covington 1982:3). The government considered these two and one half million acres “a temporary hunting and planting reserve” (Covington 1982:3) and continued to pressure the remaining Seminoles to leave by “sending a delegation of their tribe, which have emigrated West, to visit their brethren in Florida, and explain to them the advantages of rejoining their tribe” (U.S. Congress 1850). In 1845, the Union admitted the State of Florida with Tallahassee as the state capital and survey and exploration of the Big Cypress and Okeechobee areas was intensified. Tension mounted as the Seminoles watched with growing alarm the passage of military patrols and survey parties, and complaints were made to Indian Agent Captain Casey that such activities made hostilities inevitable (Covington 1982:30). Patrols typically found little remaining of previous military installations; however, navigation and location was always in doubt given the limited cartography and featureless Page 7853 of 9661 ACI 3-10 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A swamps. One officer lamented that “The maps represent the shape of the Big Cypress so differently in this portion of it and also the course of the creek Okholoakooche [Okaloacoochee Slough] from what I found that I felt doubts if I had yet reached the right place.” On January 22, 1855, Lt. George Hartsuff, appointed topographical engineer and main surveyor, began exploration of the Big Cypress and Everglades. During this time, he helped establish Forts Simon Drum and Shackleford. When the rainy season of June 1855 set in, survey was suspended, and Hartsuff began work on his field notes and maps. In a sketch furnished to the War Department, he showed the exact location of many Indian villages and noted that he had been into the chief haunt of the Indians that contained most of their villages, gardens, and cattle pens (Covington 1982:35). Sampson Forrester, a Black Seminole, provided the following account of the Seminole existence in the swamps: Within the swamp are many pine-islands, upon which the villages are located. They are susceptible of cultivation; and between them is a cypress swamp, the water from two to three feet deep. The Indians rely principally upon their crops, which, though small, add much to their comfort. Corn, pumpkins, beans, wild potatoes, and cabbage palmetto, afford subsistence. The scarcity of powder deprives them partially of game; though bears and turkey are frequently killed with arrows. Discharging a rifle was forbidden, as in a country so flat and wet the reverberation is in abundance; but there they apprehend discovery. A few ponies, cattle, hogs, and chickens are owned by the chief (Tampa Tribune 1955). On December 7, 1855, Lieutenant Hartsuff again set out for the Big Cypress with orders to make reconnaissance and take note of any Indian fields and settlements (Covington 1982:1). Within a few days, the company found the charred ashes of Forts Simon Drum and Shackelford, which had been abandoned during the rainy season. Every Indian village entered was found to be deserted, and when leaving Billy Bowlegs’ village on December 18, 1855, artillerymen took bunches of planted bananas. Later, in the day, the company received orders to return to Fort Myers and they began the trip westward. They camped for the evening in a small grove south of present-day Immokalee; 30 Seminole warriors led by Billy Bowlegs ambushed them at 5:00 AM (Covington 1982:1). In what was perhaps the result of misunderstood aggression, and tragically ill-timed orders (had they only left a day earlier), the Third, and final, Seminole War began. For the following two and a half years, hit and miss skirmishes extended from the Big Cypress and Everglades to Darby in Pasco County and New Smyrna Beach in Volusia County. Through this period, U.S. military strategy ranged from using a poorly disciplined militia, to aggressive campaigns, to truce offerings. After several previous betrayals, the Seminoles did not respond to the latter tactic. By the summer of 1857, the focus was on Billy Bowlegs in the Big Cypress. This effort was greatly aided by the use of shallow draft boats (Covington 1982). When found, villages were burned, fields were destroyed, horses and cattle were slaughtered, and Seminoles captured. As Seminole warriors were occupied hunting or scouting, captured villagers were typically women and children, the wounded, and the elderly. On November 19, 1857, Captain William Cone’s company discovered an occupied village. Two Seminole guards were killed and five women, thirteen children, and a wounded warrior were taken prisoner (Covington 1982:72). During the Seminole War, the U.S. Army Engineers surveyed the region south of the Caloosahatchee River. The Ives map depicts numerous forts and trails in this part of the State, with Ft. Simon Drum to the northeast and Ft. Doane to the southwest (Figure 3.3.) (Ives 1856). Page 7854 of 9661 ACI 3-11 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 3.3. 1856 Ives map showing the APE. After years of running, struggling to provide for his people, and mounting attacks, when possible, Billy Bowlegs finally surrendered to federal forces at Fort Myers. On May 4, 1858, the ship Grey Cloud departed Fort Myers for Egmont Key with 38 warriors and 85 women and children. An additional 45 captives were boarded at Egmont, and the ship set sail for New Orleans where they would depart for Oklahoma. Although some Seminoles remained in the Big Cypress and the Everglades, the U.S. government did not deem it worthy to pursue them. This half-starved and battle-weary population was left to eke out an existence in the south Florida swamps (Covington 1982). As settlers moved into the Big Cypress region, cattle ranching served as one of the major economic activities. Mavericks left by early Spanish explorers such as DeSoto and Narvaéz provided the stock for the herds raised by the mid-eighteenth century “Cowkeeper” Seminoles. As the Seminoles were pushed further south during the Seminole Wars and their cattle were either sold or left to roam, settlers captured or bought the cattle. By the late 1850s, the cattle industry of southwestern Florida was developing on a significant scale. By 1860, cattle owners from all over Florida drove their herds to Fort Brooke (Tampa) and Punta Rassa for shipment to Cuba, at a considerable profit. During this period, Jacob Summerlin became the first cattle baron of southwest Florida. Known as the “King of the Crackers,” his herds ranged from Ft. Meade to Ft. Myers (Covington 1957). 3.7 Civil War and Aftermath In 1861, Florida followed South Carolina’s lead and seceded from the Union as a prelude to the Civil War. Florida had much at stake in this war as evidenced in a report released from Tallahassee in June of 1861. It listed the value of land in Florida at $35,127,721 and the value of the slaves at $29,024,513 (Dunn 1989:59). Although the Union blockaded the coast of Florida during the war, the interior of the state saw very little military action. Florida became one of the major contributors of beef Page 7855 of 9661 ACI 3-12 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A to the Confederate government (Shofner 1995:72). Summerlin originally had a contract with the Confederate government to market thousands of head a year at eight dollars per head. However, by driving his cattle to Punta Rassa and shipping them to Cuba, he received 25 dollars per head (Grismer 1946:83). In an attempt to limit the supply of beef transported to the Confederate government, Union troops stationed at Ft. Myers conducted several raids into the Peace River Valley to seize cattle and destroy ranches. In response, Confederate supporters formed the Cattle Guard Battalion, consisting of nine companies under the command of Colonel Charles J. Mannerlyn (Akerman 1976). The cattle owners and the farmers in the state lived simply. The typical home was a log cabin without windows or chinking, and settlers’ diets consisted largely of fried pork, corn bread, sweet potatoes, and hominy. The lack of railway transport to other states, the federal embargo, and the enclaves of Union supporters and Union troops holding key areas such as Jacksonville and Ft. Myers prevented an influx of finished materials. As a result, settlement remained limited until after the Civil War. Immediately following the war, the South underwent a period of “Reconstruction” to prepare the Confederate States for readmission to the Union. The program was administered by the U.S. Congress, and on July 25, 1868, Florida officially returned to the Union. After the war ended, southerners who faced reconstruction and rebuilding saw Florida as a frontier full of opportunity and welcome. In southwest Florida, settlers first arrived by ones or twos, drifting through the area. Many of the early arrivals, however, were apparently “squatters” (Tebeau 1966:167). In most of the early settlements, development followed the earlier pattern with few settlers, one or two stores, and a lack of available overland transportation. In the 1870s, while the region was still part of Monroe County, the settlement of Collier County evolved slowly and in isolated pockets. Immokalee, Everglades City, Chokoloskee, Marco, Caxambas, Goodland, and Naples served as the early centers for settlement (Tebeau 1966:96). These first permanent pioneers were farmers; the hunters and fisherfolk who had preceded them established only temporary camps. As the land was largely impassable, their market was Key West, a growing city which produced almost none of its own food (Tebeau 1966). The Homestead Act, created by Congress in 1862, allowed settlers to obtain title to 160 acres by residing on and working the land. The property had to first be surveyed by the government. It was not until the 1870s that W.L. Apthorp and T.S. Stearns surveyed Township 47 South, Ranges 29 and 30 East (Apthorp 1872; Stearns 1874). No historic features were identified within or proximate to the APE (Figure 3.4) (Apthorp and Stearns 1874a, 1874b). Stearns described the Sections lines near the APE as 2nd and 3rd rate prairie with scattered pine and ponds or 3rd rate pine and prairie (Stearns 1874:409-410, 418-421, 429). By the early 1880s, the State of Florida faced a fiscal crisis involving title to public lands. By act of Congress in 1850, the federal government turned over to the states for drainage and reclamation all “swamp and overflow land.” Florida received approximately 10,000,000 acres. To manage that land and the 5,000,000 acres the state had received on entering the Union, the state legislature in 1851 created the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Fund. In 1855, the legislature established the actual fund (the Florida Internal Improvement Fund), in which state lands were to be held. The fund became mired in debt after the Civil War and under state law no land could be sold until the debt was cleared. In 1881, the Trustees started searching for a buyer capable of purchasing enough acreage to pay off the fund’s debt and permit the sale of the remaining millions of acres that it controlled. Page 7856 of 9661 ACI 3-13 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 3.4. 1874 plats showing the APE. In 1881, Hamilton Disston, a member of a prominent Pennsylvania saw manufacturing family entered into an agreement with the State of Florida to purchase four million acres of swamp and overflowed land for one million dollars. In exchange, he promised to drain and improve the land. This transaction, which became known as the Disston Purchase, enabled the distribution of large land subsidies to railroad companies, inducing them to begin extensive construction programs for new lines throughout the state. The purchase, although technically legal, was extremely generous with the designation “swamp and overflow land.” Grismer (1946) estimates that at least half of the acreage was “high and dry.” Disston and the railroad companies, in turn, sold smaller parcels of land to developers and private investors (Tebeau and Carson 1965:252). The APE within Sections 14, 15, 23, and 27 were deeded to the Carrabelle, Tallahassee, and Georgia Railroad in 1894 (State of Florida n.d.-a:269). The remainder of the APE was deeded to the Plant Investment Company in 1886 and 1888 (State of Florida n.d.-b:160, n.d.-a:269) By the late 1880s, squatters were sufficient in numbers to protest when “their land” became the property of Hamilton Disston. Squatters could have purchased the land on which they had taken up residence and constructed improvements, for such a provision was made in the Disston contracts. But the early settlers believed they should each be permitted to homestead 160 acres of high and dry land. They had not been able to do so because the land was designated “swamp and overflowed” and title to it had been transferred to the state (Tebeau 1966:167). Disston’s purchase included what is now Naples, and he formed the Florida Land and Improvement Company. In 1886, Charles Adams bought a parcel from Disston which formed the basis for the Naples Town Improvement Company of Tallahassee. When John Williams and Walter Page 7857 of 9661 ACI 3-14 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Haldeman, both from Kentucky, decided “Naples” was the perfect place to develop a city, they bought the controlling interest in the Naples Town Improvement Company. They reorganized it, gave it a new direction, and renamed it the Naples Company. With Haldeman directing the work, the company was ready, by December 1887, to embark on a new period of full-scale town building and improvement including a hotel, churches, and shops. The name “Naples” is attributed to numerous Florida developers’ sales schemes to romanticize the Florida peninsula into a pleasant “Italian” seaside resort. Unfortunately, the only activity for the next few years was on paper - the buying and selling of land; little construction took place (Jamro and Lanterman 1985). In 1887, the land, which today is Collier County, became part of the newly created Lee County. It was named for Barron Gift Collier, a Memphis born businessman who promoted the region’s development. When Billy Bowlegs departed for Oklahoma, Old Tiger Tail became the de facto leader of the remaining Seminoles. He lived at the headwaters of the Okaloacoochee Slough, and his holdings included cattle, agricultural fields, and Corn Dance Grounds (West 1990). In 1891, under the direction of Amelia S. Quinton, the Women’s National Indian Association resolved to establish a mission near Immokalee (then known as Allen’s Place) (West 1990). Dr. J.E. Brecht and his wife were hired as missionaries, and the mission consisted of a residence, a schoolhouse, barn, and fenced land. It was at this time that Allen’s Place became known as Immokalee (Mikasuki for “home”). A lumber mill was established in 1892 to provide the Native Americans with employment and industrial training, although it burned down the following year (FPS 1986:62). In 1893, the Episcopal Dioceses established a mission for the Seminoles and the federal government established an agency there. The Episcopal Indian Mission held its first service in 1896, though established for the Indians, white settlers made use of the church until 1924 (Tebeau 1966). In 1896, trader Bill Brown established a post on the western rim of the Everglades. Over time, the missionary activities shifted from Immokalee to Brown’s Landing where the Glade Cross Mission was established. As a result, when the Big Cypress Reservation boundaries were drawn, they included the Glade Cross Mission, but Immokalee was excluded. When the reservation was created, Bill Brown’s son, Frank, who grew up amongst the Seminoles, was appointed the Agent for the reservation (Brown 1989). 3.8 Twentieth Century From 1899 until 1914, the Naples Company struggled but the town slowly grew. In 1914, E. W. Crayton, an Ohio real estate developer with a successful record of accomplishment in St. Petersburg, purchased the controlling interest in the company and renamed it the Naples Improvement Company. His direction is credited with leading Naples into the future. In 1925, Naples was incorporated and by 1927, reached by two railroad lines (Dean 1991). In 1911, successful New York City advertiser, Barron Gift Collier, visited Useppa Island. Collier was captivated, “Frankly, I was fascinated with Florida and swept off my feet by what I saw and felt. It was a wonderland with a magic climate, set in a frame of golden sunshine” (Collier County Museum 2010). Over the next decade, Collier amassed over one million acres in southwest Florida and his property stretched from the Ten Thousand Islands to Useppa Island, and from the coast to the Big Cypress and the Everglades (Clement n.d.). Collier was the largest landholder in the state and created a luxury resort, the Useppa Inn, which was visited by corporate giants, presidents, movie stars, authors, and sports celebrities. To facilitate development, Collier made a pledge to the Florida State Legislature to complete the Tamiami Trail from Tampa to Miami (Naples Daily News 1976). The roadway was finished in 1928 and as traffic increased, southwest Florida’s tourist industry was born (Scupholm 1997). The construction of the Tamiami Trail had a tremendous effect on Seminole settlement patterns. The roadway interrupted traditional canoe routes and as a result, Seminoles were forced to use the Tamiami Canal, which was created during road construction. Many Seminole families moved closer to the Tamiami Canal to facilitate canoe transportation (Carr 2002). Page 7858 of 9661 ACI 3-15 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A On July 7, 1923, the state legislature created Collier County and named Everglades City as county seat. Collier became the second largest county in Florida with a land area of 2032 square miles. At the time of its creation, the county consisted of pine and cypress land and extensive swampland. The towns within the county, Immokalee, Naples, Marco, Caxambas, Chokoloskee, Deep Lake, and Everglades City, were all small settlements separated by almost inaccessible terrain. Barron Collier was instrumental in bringing modern communications, roadways, and railroads to his namesake county (Collier County Museum 2010). His promotions eventually opened up the area’s enormous agricultural and resort potential, but the Great Depression halted growth. The number of residents in 1925 of 1256 grew to only 2883 by 1930 (Tebeau 1966:212). By the mid-1930s, federal programs, implemented by the Roosevelt administration, started employing large numbers of construction workers, helping to revive the economy of the state. The programs were instrumental in the construction of parks, bridges, and public buildings. Two of these projects included the Federal Writers’ Project that developed a Guide to Florida and the Veterans’ Graves Registration Project (FWP 1939; WPA 1941). The latter discovered no cemeteries within Sections within which the APE lies (WPA 1941: Volume 9). However, Collier County’s economy and population remained at a virtual standstill until the end of WWII when a new wave of national prosperity sent thousands of people to Florida (Dean 1991). Improvements in transportation included the 1921 Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railway Company’s extension south from LaBelle to Immokalee. The town took on new importance and became a center for inland activity in Collier County (Tebeau 1966). While Barron Collier was promoting the Tamiami Trail, he and his supporters were also trying to open a direct highway route from Immokalee to the county seat of Everglades City. By 1923, an unimproved road from LaBelle through Immokalee, terminating at Deep Lake, was depicted on a Florida State Map (Kendrick 1964). This road was completed between Immokalee and Everglades City in the early 1920s (FPS 1986). Collier County induced the ACL to continue its line south to Everglades City around 1927. The two projects linked the town with outer areas of the county and the Tamiami Trail. With the arrival of the railroad and road Immokalee became a center for ranching, farming, and lumbering (Tebeau 1966). In 1923, Collier County had one of the largest stands of virgin cypress and pine timber in the country (Tebeau 1966). Roads leading into the Everglades were completed in the 1920s, enabling logging companies to exploit the region’s cypress (Klinkenberg 1994). From the 1920s to the late 1950s, steam powered mills cut cypress board, which was valued for its durability and imperviousness to water. “Swamp Loggers” would fell the trees and oxen and mules would pull the downed trees to temporary tram railways where they were loaded for transport to the nearby mills. Logging activities in the Big Cypress Swamp and Fakahatchee Strand were prevalent in the 1940s in response to wartime needs (U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d.). The cypress was used in the construction of P.T. boats, and, later, was shipped to Europe to supply the post-war rebuilding efforts (Klinkenberg 1994). Two of the companies with logging operations in the area were the Lee Tidewater Cypress Company and the C. J. Jones Logging Company. The logging industry required the construction of rail lines traversed by steam locomotives, which resulted in the establishment of a number of sawmills and lumber towns within the region. The largest of these towns was Jerome, located off of present-day State Road 29, north of US 41 (Tamiami Trail) (Klinkenberg 1994). Two mills, one at Naples and the other at Bonita Springs, reached into the timber lands from the west coast (Tebeau 1966:252). However, as a result of heavy lumbering activities from the 1940s to 1957, much of the forest was cleared (FDEP n.d.; Tebeau 1966; U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d.). When the cypress supply was exhausted, logging establishments became ghost towns, and the rail lines were abandoned, leaving only remnant segments of trails and ditches. Page 7859 of 9661 ACI 3-16 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Trails and roads were depicted within the APE on the 1947 Copeland map and 1954 Collier County soils map; just the roads were depicted within the APE on the 1958 USGS Immokalee and Immokalee SW quadrangle maps (Figures 3.5-3.7) (Copeland 1947; Leighty et al. 1954; USGS 1958b). Figure 3.5. 1954 Copeland map showing the APE. Figure 3.6. 1954 Collier County soil map showing the APE. Page 7860 of 9661 ACI 3-17 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 3.7. 1958 quad map showing the APE. In 1943, the first commercial oil well in Florida was drilled in Sunniland. The Humble Oil and Refining Company (now Exxon) struck crude, finally proving that there is oil in Florida. Sunniland remained the state’s only commercial oil field until 1964. In the 1950s, thousands of acres of cheap farmland opened up due to the extensive drainage projects. At approximately this time, the agricultural thrust in Collier County began with approximately 640 cultivated acres near Ochopee-Copeland. By the early 1970s, citrus, watermelons, tomatoes, bell peppers, and cucumbers were the largest producing crops in the area. Other vegetable crops included squash, cantaloupes, potatoes, melons, cabbage, lettuce, eggplant, corn, beans, and okra (Naples Daily News 1973). Like many Florida communities, World War II changed the face of Naples and later added to its growth. Largely, the post-World War II development of Collier County is similar to that of the rest of America: increasing numbers of automobiles and asphalt, an interstate highway system, suburban sprawl, and strip development along major state highways. The county, like most of Florida, experienced a population boom in the 1950s. Florida’s population increased from 1,897,414 in 1940 to 1950 in 2,771,305. Collier County’s population grew from 5082 in 1940 to 6488 in 1950 (Forstall 1995). After the war, car ownership increased, making the American public more mobile, making vacations more inexpensive and easier. Many who had served at Florida’s military bases during World War II also returned with their families to live. As veterans returned, the trend in new housing focused on the development of small tract homes in new subdivisions. The agricultural growth of the county led to an influx of migrant workers into the area. In 1966, Collier County began its first effort to house these workers. The Farm Workers Village, located along SR 29, was a 491-unit apartment complex operated by the county Housing Authority, it provided Page 7861 of 9661 ACI 3-18 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A affordable housing to the workers as well as daycare, postal services, a convenience store, laundromat, and educational facilities (Naples Daily News 1991). The number of permanent Collier County residents grew rapidly from 6,488 in 1950 to 85,000 by 1980. In 1967, SR 84 (Alligator Alley) or the Everglades Parkway was built. In 1970, Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) appointed an advisory panel to evaluate possible routes across south Florida for the proposed I-75. The plans were prepared by 1972 and the Interstate was built thereafter, utilizing existing lanes from Alligator Alley for eastbound traffic. Two westbound lanes were built on the vacant strip of land between Alligator Alley and the canal (Duever et al. 1985). From 1980 to 1990, Collier County experienced a 77% percent increase in population and between 1990 and 2000, the population increased 65%. The population continued to increase in the county, albeit at a slower rate of 19.7% from 2010 to 2019 with an estimate of 384,902 individuals (USCB 2021). Collier County has roughly 25,000 businesses employing 168,000 workers. Tourism and hospitality jobs are the dominant sector. However, a wide variety of new industries have been moving into the county, including Arthrex (medical device manufacturing) and Summit Orthopedic Technologies, which moved its headquarters from Connecticut to Naples. Business development, expansion, and attraction are critical goals for economic growth. At the same time, Collier County also focuses on attainable housing for workers, and workforce development training centers, including the Center for Manufacturing Excellence, which opened its doors in 2019 to upskill workers for the growing workforce demands in manufacturing operations (Chamber 2020). 3.9 APE Specifics A review of the aerial photos available from the Publication of Archival and Museum Materials (PALMM) revealed that in 1940, the area was undeveloped pine flatwoods, prairies, and wetlands with a scattering of trails (USDA 1940) (Figure 3.8). By 1953, there were more trails and some of the land had been cleared for agricultural fields (USDA 1953). The 1958 USGS quadrangle map shows the presence of a railroad line immediately south of SR 29; however, the resource is not visible in the 1953 aerial image (USDA 1953; USGS 1958a, 1958b). In 1973, a majority of the APE had been converted for agricultural use and included a network of drainage ditches and several access roads (FDOT 1973). The 1980 aerial shows the APE as agricultural fields or pastures, except in the swamps and marshes, which remained in their natural setting (USDA 1980). During the early 1990s, the agricultural fields within the APE were reorganized, destroying the historic drainage ditches and all but one access road (Google 2023). Page 7862 of 9661 ACI 3-19 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 3.8. 1940 and 1980 aerial photographs showing the APE. Page 7863 of 9661 ACI 4-1 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS A review of archaeological and historical literature, records and other documents and data pertaining to the project area was conducted. The focus of this research was to ascertain the types of cultural resources known in the project area and vicinity, their temporal/cultural affiliations, site location information, and other relevant data. This included a review of sites listed in the NRHP, the Florida Master Site File (FMSF), CRAS reports, published books and articles, aerial photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and maps. In addition to the NRHP and FMSF, other information relevant to the historical research was obtained from the files of ACI. The FMSF data in this report were obtained in October 2023, which was the most recent edition. However, according to FMSF staff, input may be a month or more behind receipt of reports and site files. No individuals with knowledge of historic or prehistoric activities specific to the APE were encountered during this project; thus, no informant interviews were conducted. 4.1 Archaeological Considerations Background research indicated that only three archaeological sites have been recorded within two miles of the APE; none is in the APE (Figure 4.1). These include two 2nd and 3rd Seminole war facilities and one midden. 8CR01076 is the Camp Near Depot 1 and 8CR01077 is Depot 1. These were recorded by William Hammond based on archival materials (Hammond 2008). These have not been field verified nor have they been evaluated by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) in terms of listing in the NRHP.8CR01396 (Immokalee #2) has been classified as a Glades period midden, with evidence of 20th century utilization. It was recorded during the survey of the Immokalee 4-H Property Trust Application (Keyte and Mahoney 2015). It has been determined potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP. There have been a number of CRAS projects conducted proximate to the APE and these are listed in Table 4.1. Based on these data, and other regional site location predictive models (ACI 1992, 1999, 2014a, 2014b; Austin 1987a; Bellomo and Fuhrmeister 1991; Carr 1988; Dickel 1991; Smith 2008) and informed expectations concerning the types of sites likely to occur within the project APE, as well as their probable environmental settings, was generated. As archaeologists have long realized, aboriginal populations did not select their habitation sites and activity areas in a random fashion. Rather, many environmental factors had a direct influence upon site location selection, including soil drainage, distance to water, topography, and proximity to resources. It should be noted that the settlement pattern noted below cannot be applied to sites of the Paleoindian and Early Archaic periods, which precede the onset of modern environmental conditions. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) study area includes Collier County. The pine flatwoods are generally considered to have a low probability for archaeological sites except when situated on slightly higher lands near water sources such as bayheads, willow, and cypress ponds. In areas of low relief, tree islands have a high archaeological potential (Smith 2008:35-47). Analysis of the April 2020 data for the 32 aboriginal archaeological sites, with known locations in the Immokalee Rise physiographic region of Collier County that is outside of National Park Service (NPS) lands, was conducted. The NPS lands were not included as there is not a modern soil survey for that area. Historic archaeological sites and aboriginal archaeological sites that were plotted “per vague verbal description” were deleted from this analysis. Although this is a small sample size, it can give us clues as to which areas were preferred. Page 7864 of 9661 ACI 4-2 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded cultural resources near the APE. Page 7865 of 9661 ACI 4-3 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Table 4.1. CRAS projects conducted proximate to the APE. FMSF Manuscript # / Reference Title # of Newly Recorded Resources # of Previously Recorded Resources 1108 / FPS 1986 Historical/Architectural Survey of Collier County, Florida 120 0 1279 / Austin 1987b Cultural Resource Assessment of a Proposed Thirty Acre Seminole Housing Project in Collier County, Florida 0 0 4140 / ACI 1995c Cultural Resources Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Two Miles and One Bridge) Collier County, Florida 1 0 4141 / ACI 1995a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Six Miles Exclusive of Three Bridges) Collier County, Florida 0 0 4409 / ACI 1995b Cultural Resource Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Three Bridges) Collier County, Florida 3 0 12443 / Pepe 2005 Letter Report for the Reconnaissance Survey and Desktop Analysis of the Immokalee Seminole Indian Reservation Master Plan: Administration Building, Church, Cluster One, and Pre-School, Collier County, Florida 0 0 12898 / Janus Research 2006 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Serenoa DRI Project Area, Collier County 0 0 13136 / ACI 2006 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Silver Strand Business Park Property Collier County, Florida 0 0 13161 / Janus Research 2003 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Concrete Manufacturing Facility Property Collier County, Florida 0 0 14027 / ACI 2007 An Addendum to the Cultural Resource Predictive Model Collier Enterprises, LTD. The Tradeport DRI, Collier County, Florida 1 0 23218 / ACI 2016 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Tocala- Sunniland 3D Seismic Survey Project Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida 46 1 27289 / ACI 2018 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Eleven Bridge Replacements, Collier and Hendry County, Florida 10 0 ACI 2023 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Silver Strand Mine Property, Collier County, Florida 0 0 Proximity to water is an important site location feature. Over 96% of the sites are located within 100 meters (m) of a water source, and only one of the sites greater than 200 m from a water source (Table 4.2). Ninety percent of the sites are proximate to a wetland or swamp, while three sites are associated with a lake. Page 7866 of 9661 ACI 4-4 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Table 4.2. Distribution of sites by water type and distance. Type P P P Total Cnt % Cnt % Cnt % Cnt % Lake 3 9.38% 0.00% 0.00% 3 9.38% Swamp/wetland 28 87.50% 0.00% 1 3.13% 29 90.63% Total 31 96.88% 0 0.00% 1 3.13% 32 100.00% Soil types and their drainage characteristics can also be used to assess the likelihood for aboriginal site occurrence (Almy 1978). There are 45 soil types within this study area; of which 36 have recorded archaeological sites (Table 4.3). Those soils within the APE are shaded in orange on the table. Many of the sites occurred on more than one soil type. This analysis only includes the four types covering the greatest acreage for each site, which totaled 41 soil type occurrences. Column “1”, indicates that this soil type had the greatest area of the site, and so on down the line, so that column “4” had the smallest site acreage. However, this analysis may not prove an accurate representation of the site distribution. While we know the percentage of sites on the various soil types, we do not have an accurate assessment as to how much of each soil type has been surveyed for archaeological sites. Table 4.3. Drainage and soil types. DRAINAGE/Soil Type, % slopes % of Area 1 2 3 4 Total % of Sites difference MODERATELY WELL DRAINED Pomello fine sand, 0-2% 0.95% 1 0 1 2.44% 1.49% Total 0.95% 1 0 1 2.44% 1.49% POORLY DRAINED Basinger fine sand, 0-2% 5.79% 0 0.00% -5.79% Boca fine sand, 0-2% (Cypress Lake) 1.52% 2 2 4.88% 3.35% Ft. Drum and Malabar, high, fine sands 1.34% 0 0.00% -1.34% Hallandale and Boca fine sands 0.06% 0 0.00% -0.06% Hallandale fine sand, 0-2% 0.04% 0 0.00% -0.04% Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands 0.80% 6 6 14.63% 13.83% Holopaw fine sand, 0-2% 4.44% 2 2 4.88% 0.44% Holopaw fine sand, limestone substratum (ls) 0.25% 0 0.00% -0.25% Immokalee fine sand, 0-2% 19.19% 1 1 2.44% -16.75% Malabar fine sand, 0-2% 4.50% 4 4 9.76% 5.26% Myakka fine sand, 0-2% 1.44% 0 0.00% -1.44% Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% 12.71% 0 0.00% -12.71% Oldsmar fine sand, ls 0.99% 1 1 2.44% 1.45% Pennsuco silt loam 0.06% 0 0.00% -0.06% Pineda and Riviera fine sands 3.67% 2 1 1 4 9.76% 6.08% Pineda fine sand, ls 0.23% 0 0.00% -0.23% Riviera fine sand, ls 0.65% 0 0.00% -0.65% Riviera, ls-Copeland fine sands 1.02% 1 1 2.44% 1.42% Tuscawilla fine sand 4.30% 2 2 4 9.76% 5.45% Wabasso fine sand, 0-2% 5.40% 2 2 4.88% -0.52% Total 68.41% 22 4 1 0 27 65.85% -2.55% VERY POORLY DRAINED Boca, Riviera, ls, and Copeland fine sands, depressional (depr) 7.11% 3 1 4 9.76% 2.64% Chobee, ls, and Dania mucks, depr 0.21% 0 0.00% -0.21% Chobee, Winder, and Gator soils, depr 6.94% 1 1 2 4.88% -2.06% Holopaw and Okeelanta soils, depr 1.19% 0 0.00% -1.19% Page 7867 of 9661 ACI 4-5 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A DRAINAGE/Soil Type, % slopes % of Area 1 2 3 4 Total % of Sites difference Winder, Riviera, ls, and Chobee soils, depr 13.13% 2 2 4 9.76% -3.38% Total 28.59% 6 4 0 0 10 24.39% -4.20% OTHER Urban land 0.01% 0 0.00% -0.01% Urban land-Holopaw-Basinger complex 0.01% 0 0.00% -0.01% Urban land-Immokalee-Oldsmar, ls, complex 0.95% 0 0.00% -0.95% Urban land-Matlacha-Boca complex 0.02% 0 0.00% -0.02% Water 1.07% 3 3 7.32% 6.25% Total 2.05% 3 0 0 3 7.32% 5.27% Grand Total 100.00% 32 8 1 0 41 100.00% 0.00% This portion of Collier County is damp and soggy as evidenced by the fact that 68% of the soils are poorly drained and another 29% of the soils are very poorly drained. The moderately well drained soils do not even make up 1% of the area. Water and urban land underlie the remaining portion (2%) of the study area. The soils that have a higher percentage of sites as compared to area (2% or greater) are marked in red on the table, while those that seem less likely to be used (-2% or less) are marked in blue. There are six preferred soil types; in order of preference are: Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands; Pineda and Riviera fine sands; Tuscawilla fine sand; Malabar fine sand 0-2% slopes; Boca fine sand, 0-2% slopes; and Boca, Riviera, limestone substratum, and Copeland sands, depressional. The last soil type may have been chosen as a water hole as opposed as a camping area. There are three soils that appear to have been avoided. In order of avoidance, they area Immokalee fine sand, 0-2% slopes; Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% slopes; and Basinger fine sand, 0-2% slopes. Based on the environmental setting, the project APE was considered to have a moderate to low probability for aboriginal archaeological site occurrence. Cypress Lake, Malabar, and Pineda-Riviera sands have a positive correlation with sites, and water sources are available within the APE. The CERP survey strategy includes examination of pre-development aerials to locate possible tree islands and water sources. The 1940 aerial photos were examined, and a couple of areas were considered to have a higher probability than others, including areas of denser tree cover (Smith 2008; USDA 1940). There is low potential for historic sites, although evidence of timber, naval stores, and agricultural activities may be encountered. 4.2 Historical Considerations A review of the FMSF and NRHP databases revealed that one historic resource (8CR01309) has been previously recorded within the APE. This is a segment of the previously recorded SR 29 (8CR01309), which is located along the eastern boundary of the APE (Figure 4.1). According to the FMSF form, the segment of roadway within the project boundary was constructed during the mid-1920s of shell rock and ran between Immokalee and Everglades City. An approximately 10.28-mile segment of the road was previously recorded within the APE during Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the State Road 29 Project Development & Environmental Study from Oil Well Road (County Road 858) to State Road 82, Collier County, FL conducted by Janus Research in 2018 (Janus 2018; Survey No. 25332). The linear resource was determined ineligible for listing in the NRHP by the SHPO. ACI planned to conduct a visual reconnaissance of the resource to determine if there were any significant changes and if the planned development would have an effect, and then update the FMSF form, if necessary. Page 7868 of 9661 ACI 4-6 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A An unpaved access road runs approximately 680-ft east-west across the eastern-central portion of the APE. Although it was constructed prior to 1974, it does not merit recording in the FMSF database per the Historic Roads and Trails MPS (Johnson 2002). The road was used exclusively for private access to an agricultural field and has been significantly altered since the time of its construction. This resource was not part of a major transportation throughfare or a significant representation of engineering trends, nor is it a uniquely designed community development feature. Appropriate research, including a review of historic aerial images and quad maps, was conducted to confirm the unexceptional nature of this road and no information of significance was identified as a result. A review of relevant historic USGS quadrangle maps, historic aerial photographs, and the Collier County property appraiser’s website data revealed the potential for three new historic resources (built in or prior to 1974) within the APE (FDOT 1973; Google 2023; Skinner 2023; USDA 1940, 1953, 1980; USGS 1958a, 1958b). While the field survey was carried out in November 2023, the date of construction will not occur until 2024; therefore, resources found to be 49 years of age or older (constructed in 1974 or earlier) were taken into consideration. Additionally, a review of the Veteran’s Grave Registration compiled in 1940-1941, did not record any graves or cemeteries in the section where the Study Area is located (Work Progress Administration [WPA] 1941). One undocumented historic road is located within 150-ft of the western APE boundary. A complete survey of this resource falls beyond the current scope of work; therefore, the resource was not recorded or evaluated. 4.3 Field Methodology The FDHR’s Module Three, Guidelines for Use by Historic Professionals, indicates that the first stage of archaeological field survey is a reconnaissance of the project area to “ground truth,” or ascertain the validity of the predictive model (FDHR 2003). During this part of the survey, the researcher assesses whether the initial predictive model needs adjustment based on disturbance or conditions such as constructed features (i.e., parking lots, buildings, etc.), underground utilities, landscape alterations (i.e., ditches and swales, mined land, dredged and filled land, agricultural fields), or other constraints that may affect the archaeological potential. Additionally, these Guidelines indicate that non-systematic “judgmental” testing may be appropriate in urbanized environments where pavement, utilities, and constructed features make systematic testing unfeasible; in geographically restricted areas such as proposed pond sites; or within project areas that have limited high and moderate probability zones, but where a larger subsurface testing sample may be desired. While predictive models are useful in determining preliminary testing strategies in a broad context, it is understood that testing intervals may be altered due to conditions encountered by the field crew at the time of survey. A reasonable and good faith effort was made to identify the historic properties within the project APE (cf., Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.). Archaeological field survey methods consisted of surface reconnaissance combined with systematic and judgmental subsurface testing. Shovel tests were placed at 25 m intervals in what appeared to be tree islands and in areas of predictive soils near water. Testing was conducted at 50 m intervals near water in average soils. Testing was conducted at 100 m intervals in the average soils further away from water. Testing within the Immokalee and Oldsmar sands was conducted at 200 m intervals due to the very low probability for sites within these soil types. Shovel tests were circular and measured approximately 50 centimeters (cm) in diameter by at least 1 m in depth unless precluded by water. All soil removed from the shovel tests was screened through a 0.64 cm mesh hardware cloth to maximize the recovery of artifacts. The location of all tests was recorded using the ESRI data collection application, Field Maps, on an Android device. Following the recording of relevant data such as stratigraphic profile, all shovel tests were refilled. Page 7869 of 9661 ACI 4-7 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Historical/architectural field methodology consisted of a field survey of the APE to determine and verify the location of all buildings and other historic resources (i.e., bridges, roads, cemeteries) that are 49 years of age or older (constructed in or prior to 1974), and to establish if any such resources could be determined eligible for listing in the NRHP. Because the date of construction will not occur until 2024, the cutoff date of 1974 was used to ensure all historic resources were accounted for prior to beginning of construction. The field survey focused on the assessment of existing conditions for all previously recorded historic resources located within the project APE, and the presence of unrecorded historic resources within the project area. For each property, photographs were taken, and information needed for the completion of FMSF forms was gathered. In addition to architectural descriptions, each historic resource was reviewed to assess style, historic context, condition, and potential NRHP eligibility. Also, informant interviews would have been conducted, if possible, with knowledgeable persons to obtain site-specific building construction dates and/or possible associations with individuals or events significant to local or regional history. 4.4 Procedures to Manage Unexpected Discoveries Occasionally, archaeological deposits, subsurface features or unmarked human remains are encountered during development, even though the project area may have previously received a thorough and professionally adequate cultural resources assessment. Such events are rare, but they do occur. In the event pre-contact or historic period artifacts, such as pottery or ceramics, projectile points, shell or bone tools, dugout canoes, metal implements, historic building materials, or any other physical remains that could be associated with Native American, early European, or American settlement are encountered or observed during development activities at any time within the project site, the permitted project shall cease all activities involving subsurface disturbance in the immediate vicinity of the discovery and a professional archaeologist will be contacted to evaluate the importance of the discovery. The area will be examined by the archaeologist, who, in consultation with the staff of the Florida SHPO, will determine if the discovery is significant or potentially significant. In the event the discovery is found to be not significant, the work may immediately resume. If, on the other hand, the discovery is found to be significant or potentially significant, then development activities in the immediate vicinity of the discovery will continue to be suspended until a mitigation plan, acceptable to the SHPO, is developed and implemented. Development activities may then resume within the discovery area, but only when conducted in accordance with the guidelines and conditions of the approved mitigation plan. If human remains are encountered during development, the procedures outlined in Chapter 872.05 FS must be followed, all activities in the vicinity of the discovery must cease and the local Medical Examiner and State Archaeologist should be notified. 4.5 Laboratory Methods/Curation No cultural materials were recovered; thus, no laboratory methods were utilized. All project related material (including field notes, maps, and photographs) will be stored at ACI in Sarasota (P22223A), unless the client requests otherwise. Page 7870 of 9661 ACI 5-1 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 5.1 Archaeological Archaeological field survey included surface reconnaissance and the excavation of 97 shovel tests (Figures 5.1-5.3). Shovel tests were placed at 25 m intervals in what appeared to be tree islands and in areas of predictive soils near water. Testing was conducted at 50 m intervals near water in average soils. Testing was conducted at 100 m intervals in the average soils further away from water. Testing within the Immokalee and Oldsmar sands was conducted at 200 m intervals due to the very low probability for sites within these soil types. None of the shovel tests produced cultural materials, nor were any discovered on the surface. Many of the shovel tests were terminated at shallow depths due to clay. As per 36 CFR 800.4(b)(1), a reasonable and good faith effort was made to identify the historic properties within the APE (cf., Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.). The soil stratigraphy across the APE was variable and included the following: x Western APE: 0-30 cm dark gray sand with limestone and shell, 30-80 cm brown sand, and 80-100 cm dark brown sand with water intrusion (Photo 5.1) x Central APE: 0-40 cm gray sand and 40-100 cm brown sand, with water intrusion at 90 cm (Photo 5.2) x Eastern APE: 0-10 cm gray sand, 10-100 cm light gray sand (Photo 5.3) Photo 5.1. Stratigraphy in the western APE. Page 7871 of 9661 ACI 5-2 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 5.1. Location of the shovel tests in the western portion of the APE. Page 7872 of 9661 ACI 5-3 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 5.2. Location of the shovel tests in the central portion of the APE. Page 7873 of 9661 ACI 5-4 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Figure 5.3. Location of the shovel tests in the eastern portion of the APE. Page 7874 of 9661 ACI 5-5 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Photo 5.2. Stratigraphy in the central APE. Photo 5.3. Stratigraphy in the eastern AP, facing north . 5.2 Historical Background research revealed that one historic resource (8CR01309) was previously recorded within the APE. This includes SR 29 (8CR01309), which was constructed during the mid-1920s. The resource was documented in 2018 and subsequently determined ineligible for listing in the NRHP by the SHPO (Janus 2018; Survey No. 25332). A visual reconnaissance did not note any changes from the previous survey and the planned development will have no effect; therefore, due to its recent documentation and ineligibility, an updated FMSF form was not completed. A review of historic aerials suggested the potential presence of a segment of an undocumented historic railroad grade located immediately south of SR 29, within the APE. However, the visual assessment found no rails, ties, or ballast remain. In addition, the grade has lost nearly all visible elevation (Photos 5.4 and 5.5). Thus, Page 7875 of 9661 ACI 5-6 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A the condition of the grade has deteriorated beyond the point at which it merits recording in the FMSF database. Appropriate research, including a review of historic aerial images and quadrangle maps, was conducted to confirm the unexceptional nature of this grade and no information of significance was identified as a result. The second and third anticipated resources, including a canal and culvert, were found to be non-historic. No significant historic resources were found during the course of this investigation; as a result, no informant interviews were conducted. A reasonable and good faith effort was made per the regulations laid out in 36 CFR § 800.4(b)(1) (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.) to survey all areas of the APE. Photo 5.4. Looking southeast along powerline corridor, the railroad was previously located to the left. Note very little elevation change where palms are, and no berm is visible. Photo 5.5. Looking west at the current access road from SR 29, the railroad was previously located between the SR 29 and the powerlines. Note no elevation change, and no visible berm. Page 7876 of 9661 ACI 5-7 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 5.3 Conclusions Given the results of background research and field survey, including the excavation of 97 shovel tests, no archaeological sites were discovered. As a result of the historical/architectural field survey no new historic resources were identified within the APE and one ineligible resource was not updated. Thus, there are no cultural resources that are listed, eligible for listing, or that appear potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the APE. Therefore, it is the professional opinion of ACI that the proposed undertaking will result in no historic properties affected. Page 7877 of 9661 ACI 6-1 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ACI (Archaeological Consultants, Inc.) 1992 Mapping of Areas of Historical/Archaeological Probability in Collier County, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. MS# 3160. 1995a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Six Miles Exclusive of Three Bridges) Collier County, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. MS# 4141. 1995b Cultural Resource Assessment Survey SR 29, from 1.5 Miles North of Oil Well Road to South of CR 846 (Three Bridges) Collier County, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. 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Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee. Cockrell, W. A. and Larry E. Murphy 1978 Pleistocene Man in Florida. Archaeology of Eastern North America 6:1-13. Collier County Museum 2010 One Man's Vision: Barron Gift Collier. Collier County Museum, Naples. http://colliermuseums.com/history/barron_collier.php Copeland, Graham D. 1947 Map of Collier County Florida. Collier County Board of County Commissioners, Naples. Cordell, Ann S. 1992 Technological Investigations of Pottery Variability in Southwest Florida. In Culture and Environment in the Domain of the Calusa. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 105-190. Monograph 1. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville. Covington, James W. 1957 The Story of Southwestern Florida. Lewis Historical Publishing Company, Inc., New York. 1958 Exploring the Ten Thousand Islands: 1838. Tequesta 18:7-13. Page 7880 of 9661 ACI 6-4 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Covington, James W. 1982 The Billy Bowlegs War 1855-1858: The Final Stand of the Seminoles Against the Whites. The Mickler House Publishers, Chuluota. Daniel, I. Randolph and Michael Wisenbaker 1987 Harney Flats: A Florida Paleo-Indian Site. Baywood Publishing Co., Inc., Farmingdale. Davis, John H. 1980 General Map of Natural Vegetation of Florida. Circular S-178. Agriculture Experiment Station, University of Florida, Gainesville. Dean, Virginia 1991 Naples on the Gulf: An Illustrated History. Windsor Publications, Inc., Chatsworth. Delcourt, Paul A. and Hazel R. Delcourt 1981 Vegetation Maps for Eastern North America: 40,000 yr B.P. to the Present. In Geobotony II. Edited by R. C. Romans, pp. 123-165. Plenum Publishing Corp., New York. Dickel, David N. 1991 An Archaeological Survey of Collier County, Florida. AHC Technical Report 38. Archaeological and Historical Conservancy, Davie. MS# 2934. Dobyns, Henry F. 1983 Their Numbers Become Thinned. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville. Duever, Michael J., John E. Carlson, John F. Meeder, Linda C. Duever, Lance H. Gunderson, Lawrence A. Riopelle, Taylor R. Alexander, Ronald L. Myers, and Daniel P. Spangler 1985 The Big Cypress National Preserve. Research Report 8. National Audubon Society, New York. Dunbar, James S. 2006a Paleoindian Archaeology. In First Floridians and Last Mastodons: The Page-Ladson Site in the Aucilla River. Edited by S. David Webb. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 2006b Pleistocene-Early Holocene Climate Change: Chronostratigraphy and Geoclimate of the Southeast US. In First Floridians and Last Mastodons: The Page-Ladson Site in the Aucilla River. Edited by S. David Webb, pp. 103-155. Springer, The Netherlands. Dunn, Hampton 1989 Back Home: A History of Citrus County, Florida. Citrus County Historical Society, Inverness. 2nd edition. Fairbridge, Rhodes W. 1984 The Holocene Sea Level Record in South Florida. In Environments of South Florida: Present and Past II. Edited by Patrick J. Gleason, pp. 427-436. Miami Geological Society, Coral Gables. Farr, Grayal Earle 2006 A Reevaluation of Bullen's Typology for Preceramic Projectile Points. Master of Arts, Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee. Page 7881 of 9661 ACI 6-5 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A FDEP (Florida Department of Environmental Protection) n.d. Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. FDHR (Florida Division of Historical Resources) 2003 Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual. Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee. FDOT (Florida Department of Transportation) 1973 Aerial Photograph. 2-8-1973, PD-11-37-12-31. Aerial Photo Look Up System (APLUS). Aerial Photography Archive, Tallahassee. Forstall, Richard L. 1995 Population of Counties by Decennial Census. www.census.gov/population/cencounts/fl190090.txt. FPS (Florida Preservation Services) 1986 Historic/Architectural Survey of Collier County, Florida. Florida Preservation Services, St. Augustine. MS# 1108. Fradkin, Arlene 1976 The Wightman Site: A Study of Prehistoric Cultural and Environment on Sanibel Island. Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville. FWP (Federal Writers’ Project) 1939 Florida: A Guide to the Southernmost State. Federal Writers' Project. Oxford University Press, New York. Gleason, Patrick J., Arthur D. Cohen, William Smith, H. Kelly Brooks, Peter A. Stone, Robert Goodrick, and William Spackman, Jr. 1984 The Environmental Significance of Holocene Sediments from the Everglades and Saline Tidal Plain. In Environments of South Florida: Present and Past II. Edited by Patrick J. Gleason, pp. 297-351. Miami Geological Society, Coral Gables. Gleason, Patrick J. and P. Stone 1994 Age, Origin and Landscape Evolution of the Everglades Peatland. In Everglades: The Ecosystem and Its Restoration. Edited by S. M. Davis and J. C. Ogden, pp. 149-197. St. Lucie Press, Delray Beach. Goggin, John M. 1949 Cultural Traditions in Florida Prehistory. In The Florida Indian and His Neighbors. Edited by John W. Griffin, pp. 13-44. Inter-American Center, Winter Park. Google 2023 Google Earth Imagery. Griffin, John W. 1988 The Archeology of Everglades National Park: A Synthesis. National Park Service, Southeast Archaeological Center, Tallahassee. 2002 Archaeology of the Everglades. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Page 7882 of 9661 ACI 6-6 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Grismer, Karl H. 1946 The Story of Sarasota. Florida Grower Press, Tampa. Hammond, E. A. 1973 The Spanish Fisheries of Charlotte Harbor. Florida Historical Quarterly 51(4):355-380. Hammond, James 2008 A Final Report on the Army Forts South of the Caloosahatchee River during the 2nd and 3rd Seminole Wars. Privately printed, Naples. MS# 15576. Hann, John H. 1991 Missions to Calusa. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Ives, Lieut. J. C. 1856 Map of the Peninsula of Florida South of Tampa Bay. Top Engineers, Sarasota. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~crackerbarrel/Ives.html http://files.mapoftheweek.net/2009/09/18/1856%20Ives%20MilitaryMap.pdf. Jamro, Ron and Gerald L. Lanterman 1985 The Founding of Naples. Friends of Collier County Museum, Naples. Janus Research 2003 Historic Resources Survey and Evaluation for Central Park Village FLA-3-9 in Tampa, Florida. Janus Research, Inc., Tampa. MS# 9218. 2006 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Serenoa DRI project Area, Collier County. Janus Research, Inc., Tampa. MS# 12898. 2008 South Florida Archaeological Context. South Florida Water Management District. Janus Research, Inc., Tampa. 2018 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the State Road 29 Project Development & Environment Study from Oil Well Road (County Road 858) to State Road 82, Collier County, FL. Janus Research, Inc., Tampa. MS# 25332. Johnson, Sidney 2002 Florida's Historic Roads and Trails National Register Multiple Property Nomination Form., DeLand, FL. MS# 25314. Kendrick, Baynard 1964 Florida Trails to Turnpikes 1914-1964. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Keyte, Shawn and Maureen Mahoney 2015 A Phase I Cultural Resources Survey and Assessment of the Immokalee 4-H Property Trust Application Project, Immokalee, Florida. Tribal Historic Preservation Office, Seminole Tribe of Florida, Clewiston. MS# 22719. Klinkenberg, Jeff 1994 "Swamp Loggers." The St. Petersburg Times, September 18. Knetsch, Joe 2003 Florida's Seminole Wars 1817-1858. Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, SC. Page 7883 of 9661 ACI 6-7 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Lane, Ed 1981 Environmental Geology Series: Miami Sheet. Map Series 101. Florida Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Geology, Tallahassee. Leighty, Ralph G., M.B Marco, G.A Swenson, R.E. Caldwell, J.R. Henderson, Olaf C. Olson, and G.C. Willson, Jr. 1954 Soil Survey (Detailed-Reconnaissance) of Collier County, Florida. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. Liudahl, Kenneth, David J. Belz, Lawrence Carey, Robert W. Drew, Steve Fisher, and Robert Pate 1998 Soil Survey of Collier County Area, Florida. USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Luer, George M. 1989a Calusa Canals in Southwestern Florida: Routes of Tribute and Exchange. The Florida Anthropologist 42(2):89-130. 1989b Further Research on the Pine Island Canal and Associated Sites, Lee County, Florida. The Florida Anthropologist 42(3):241-247. Luer, George M. and Marion M. Almy 1987 The Laurel Mound (8SO98) and Radial Burials with Comments on the Safety Harbor Period. The Florida Anthropologist 40(4):301-320. Mackay, John and J. E. Blake 1839 Map of the Seat of War in Florida.https://digital.lib.usf.edu/?u15.246 Mahon, John K. 1985 History of the Second Seminole War 1835-1842. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Revised edition. Marquardt, William H. 1992 Calusa Culture and Environment: What Have We Learned? In Culture and Environment in the Domain of the Calusa. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 423-436. Monograph 1. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, Gainesville. 1999 Useppa Island in the Archaic and Caloosahatchee Periods. In The Archaeology of Useppa Island. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 77-98. Monograph 3. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, Gainesville. 2013 The Pineland Site Complex: Theoretical and Cultural Contexts. In The Archaeology of Pineland: A Coastal Southwest Florida Site Complex, A.D. 50-1710. Edited by William H. Marquardt and Karen J. Walker, pp. 1-22. Monograph 4. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville. Marquardt, William H. and Karen J. Walker 2012 Southwest Florida during the Mississippi Period. In Late Prehistoric Florida: Archaeology at the Edge of the Mississippian World. Edited by Keith Ashley and Nancy Marie White, pp. 29-61. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. 2013 The Pineland Site Complex: An Environmental and Cultural History. In The Archaeology of Pineland: A Coastal Southwest Florida Site Complex, A.D. 50-1710. Edited by William H. Marquardt and Karen J. Walker, pp. 793-920. Monograph 4. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville. Page 7884 of 9661 ACI 6-8 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A McGregor, A. James 1974 A Ceramic Chronology for the Biscayne Region of Southeast Florida. Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton. Milanich, Jerald T. 1994 Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. 1995 Florida Indians and the Invasion from Europe. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Milanich, Jerald T., Jeffery Chapman, Ann S. Cordell, Stephen H. Hale, and Rochelle A. Marrinan 1984 Prehistoric Development of Calusa Society in Southwest Florida: Excavations on Useppa Island. In Perspectives on Gulf Coast Prehistory. Edited by Dave D. Davis, pp. 258-314. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Milanich, Jerald T. and Charles H. Fairbanks 1980 Florida Archaeology. Academic Press, New York. Mulroy, Kevin 1993 Freedom on the Border: The Seminole Maroons in Florida, the Indian Territory, Coahuila, and Texas. Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock. Naples Daily News 1973 "Big Farming Major Cog in County Economy." Naples Daily News, March 6. 1976 "The Collier Story." Naples Daily News, July 4. 1991 "Farm Workers Village Celebrates 25 Years." Naples Daily News, September 24. Neill, Wilfred T. 1968 An Indian and Spanish Site on Tampa Bay, Florida. The Florida Anthropologist 21(4):106-116. Palov, Maria Z. 1999 Useppa's Cuban Fishing Community. In The Archaeology of Useppa Island. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 149-169. Monograph 3. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, Gainesville. Pepe, James 2005 Letter report for the Reconnaissance Survey and Desktop Analysis of the Immokalee Seminole Indian Reservation Master Plan: Administration Building, Church, Cluster One, and Pre-School, Collier County, Florida. Seminole Tribe of Florida, Clewiston. MS# 12443. Porter, Kenneth W. 1996 The Black Seminoles. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Purdy, Barbara A. 1981 Florida's Prehistoric Stone Tool Technology. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Ramenofsky, Ann F. 1987 Vectors of Death: The Archaeology of European Contact. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Page 7885 of 9661 ACI 6-9 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Russo, Michael 1991 Archaic Sedentism on the Florida Coast: A Case Study from Horr's Island. Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville. 1994a A Brief Introduction to the Study of Archaic Mounds in the Southeast. Southeastern Archaeology 13(2):89-92. 1994b Why We Don't Believe in Archaic Ceremonial Mounds and Why We Should: The Case from Florida. Southeastern Archaeology 13(2):93-108. 2008 Late Archaic Shell Rings and Society in the Southeast U.S. The SAA Archaeological Record 8(5):18-22. Sassaman, Kenneth E. 2008 The New Archaic, It Ain't What It Used to Be. The SAA Archaeological Record 8(5):6-8. Schober, Theresa 2014 Deconstructing and Reconstructing Caloosahatchee Shell Mound Building. In New Histories of Pre-Columbian Florida. Edited by Neill J. Wallis and Asa A. Randall, pp. 38-61. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Schwadron, Margo 2006 Everglades Tree Islands Prehistory: Archaeological Evidence for Regional Holocene Variability and Early Human Settlement. Antiquity 80(310). Scott, Thomas M. 2001 Text to Accompany the Geologic Map of Florida. Open File Report 80. Florida Geological Survey, Tallahassee. Scott, Thomas M., Kenneth M. Campbell, Frank R. Rupert, Jonathan D. Arthur, Thomas M. Missimer, Jacqueline M. Lloyd, J. William Yon, and Joel G. Duncan 2001 Geologic Map of the State of Florida. Map Series 146. Florida Geological Survey, Tallahassee. Scupholm, Carrie 1997 The Tamiami Trail: Connecting the East and West Coasts of the Sunshine State. The Society for Commercial Archeology Journal 15(2):20-24. Shofner, Jerrell H. 1995 History of Brevard County. Brevard County Historical Commission, Stuart. Skinner, Abe 2023 Records Search. Collier County Property Appraiser, Naples. http://www.collierappraiser.com/ Smith, Greg C. 2008 Cultural Resources Overview and Survey Strategy: Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. New South Associates, Stone Mountain, GA. Smith, Marvin T. 1987 Archaeology of Aboriginal Culture Change in the Interior Southeast: Depopulation during the Early Historic Period. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Page 7886 of 9661 ACI 6-10 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A State of Florida n.d.-a Tract Book. Volume 25. On file, FDEP, Tallahassee. n.d.-b Tract Book. Volume 26. On file, FDEP, Tallahassee. Stearns, T.S. 1874 Field Notes. Volume 225. On file, FDEP, Tallahassee. Tampa Tribune 1955 "Pioneer Florida." Tampa Tribune, January 2. Tebeau, Charlton W. 1966 Florida's Last Frontier: The History of Collier County. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables. 1980 A History of Florida. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables. Revised Edition. Tebeau, Charlton W. and Ruby Leach Carson, Eds. 1965 Florida -- From Indian Trail to Space Age. Southern Publishing Co., Delray Beach. True, David O., Ed. 1944 Memoir of D. Escalante Fontaneda Respecting Florida. University of Miami and South Florida Historical Society, Miami. U.S. Congress 1837 Report from the Secretary of War in Compliance with Resolution of the Senate of the 14th and 18th Instant, Transmitting Copies of Correspondence Relative to the Campaign in Florida. 24th Congress, 2nd Session, May 21, Washington, D.C. 1850 Hostilities Committed by the Seminole Indians in Florida during the Past Year. 31st Congress, 1st Session, Washington, D.C. U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d. History. Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge, Naples. http://www.fws.gov/refuges/profiles/index.cfm?id=41545 USCB (United States Census Bureau) 2021 Florida Quick Facts. http://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/00 USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) 1940 Aerial Photograph: 4-15-1940, CJF-9-11. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 1953 Aerial Photograph: 1-1-1953, DSM-2L-189. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 1980 Aerial Photographs: 1-2-1980, 12021-178-164, 211. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 2021 Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database for Florida - October 2021. USDA, NRCS, Fort Worth, TX. USGS (United States Geological Survey) 1958a Immokalee SW, Fla. PR 1973, 1984. 1958b Immokalee, Fla. 1987 PR 1973. 2013a Immokalee SW, Fla. USA_Topo_Maps. 2013b Immokalee, Fla. USA_Topo_Maps. Page 7887 of 9661 ACI 6-11 November 2023 CRAS Silver Strand Mine Access Roads P22223A Walker, Karen J. 1992 The Zooarchaeology of Charlotte Harbor's Prehistoric Maritime Adaptations: Spatial and Temporal Perspectives. In Culture and Environment in the Domain of the Calusa. Edited by William H. Marquardt, pp. 265-366. Monograph 1. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, Gainesville. 2013 The Pineland Site Complex: Environmental Contexts. In The Archaeology of Pineland: A Coastal Southwest Florida Site Complex, A.D. 50-1710. Edited by William H. Marquardt and Karen J. Walker, pp. 23-52. Monograph 4. Institute of Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville. Watts, William A. 1969 A Pollen Diagram from Mud Lake, Marion County, North-Central Florida. Geological Society of America Bulletin 80(4):631-642. 1971 Post Glacial and Interglacial Vegetational History of Southern Georgia and Central Florida. Ecology 51:676-690. 1975 A Late Quaternary Record of Vegetation from Lake Annie, South-Central Florida. Geology 3(6):344-346. Watts, William A., Eric C. Grimm, and T. C. Hussey 1996 Mid-Holocene Forest History of Florida and the Coastal Plain of Georgia and South Carolina. In Archaeology of the Mid-Holocene Southeast. Edited by Kenneth E. Sassaman and David G. Anderson, pp. 28-38. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Watts, William A. and Barbara C. S. Hansen 1994 Pre-Holocene and Holocene Pollen Records of Vegetation History for the Florida Peninsula and their Climatic Implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 109:163-176. West, Patsy 1990 History of Post-War Seminole Settlement in the Big Cypress. The Florida Anthropologist 43(4):240-248. Wheeler, Ryan J. 1994 Early Florida Decorated Bone Artifacts: Style and Aesthetics from Paleo-Indian Through Archaic. The Florida Anthropologist 47(1):47-60. 2004 Southern Florida Sites Associated with the Tequesta and Their Ancestors: National Historic Landmark/National Register of historic Places Theme Study. FDHR, Tallahassee. White, William A. 1970 Geomorphology of the Florida Peninsula. Geological Bulletin 51. Florida Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Geology, Tallahassee. Widmer, Randolph J. 1974 A Survey and Assessment of the Archaeological Resources on Marco Island, Collier County, Florida. Miscellaneous Project Report Series 19. FDHR, Tallahassee. MS# 265. 1988 The Evolution of the Calusa. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa. WPA (Works Progress Administration) 1941 Veterans’ Graves Registration Project. Special Archives Publication Number 36. State Arsenal, St. Augustine. Page 7888 of 9661 APPENDIX Survey Log Page 7889 of 9661 Florida Master Site File / Div. of Historical Resources / R.A. Gray Bldg / 500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 HR6E066R0, effective 05/2016 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440, Fax 850.245.6439, Email: SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 1 Ent D (FMSF only) __________ Survey Log Sheet Survey # (FMSF only) ___________ Florida Master Site File Version 5.0 /1 Consult Guide to the Survey Log Sheet for detailed instructions. Manuscript Information Survey Project (name and project phase) Report Title (exactly as on title page) Report Authors (as on title page) 1._______________________________ 3. _____________________________ 2._______________________________ 4. _____________________________ Publication Year __________ Number of Pages in Report (GRQot include site forms) ___________ Publication Information (Give series, number in series, publisher and city. For article or chapter, cite page numbers. Use the style of American Antiquity.) Supervisors of Fieldwork (even if same as author) Names _____________________________________________________ Affiliation of Fieldworkers: Organization _____________________________________ City ______________________ Key Words/Phrases (Don’t use county name, or common words like archaeology, structure, survey, architecture, etc.) 1. ___________________ 3.___________________ 5. ___________________ 7.____________________ 2. ___________________ 4.___________________ 6. ___________________ 8.____________________ Survey Sponsors (corporation, government unit, organization, or person funding fieldwork) Name. ____________________________________ Organization. ______________________________________ Address/Phone/E-mail. __________________________________________________________________________ Recorder of Log Sheet _________________________________________ Date Log Sheet Completed ___________ Is this survey or project a continuation of a previous project? q No q Yes: Previous survey #s (FMSF only) _______________ Project Area Mapping Counties (select every county in which field survey was done; attach additional sheet if necessary) 1. ___________________________ 3. ____________________________ 5. ___________________________ 2. ___________________________ 4. ____________________________ 6. ___________________________ USGS 1:24,000 Map Names/Year of Latest Revision (attach additional sheet if necessary) 1.Name ____________________________ Year_____4.Name _____________________________ Year_____ 2.Name ____________________________ Year_____5.Name _____________________________ Year_____ 3.Name ____________________________ Year_____6.Name _____________________________ Year_____ Field Dates and Project Area Description Fieldwork Dates: Start _________B End _B________ Total Area Surveyed (fill in one) _____BB_hectares BB______acres Number of Distinct Tracts or Areas Surveyed _________ If Corridor (fill in one for each) Width: ___B___meters ___B___feet Length: __B____kilometers ____B__miles CRAS Silver Strand Mine, CR Co. - Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Silver Strand Mine Access Roads, Collier County, Florida ACI 2023 58 ACI (2023), Sarasota. P22223A Horvath, Elizabeth A. Archaeological Consultants Inc Sarasota Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, FL 34105 Horvath, Elizabeth A. 11-13-2023 Collier IMMOKALEE 2013 IMMOKALEE SW 2013 11-6-2023 11-10-2023 59.60 1 Page 7890 of 9661 Florida Master Site File / Div. of Historical Resources / R.A. Gray Bldg / 500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 HR6E066R0, effective 05/2016 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440, Fax 850.245.6439, Email: SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 Survey Log Sheet Survey #__________ Research and Field Methods Types of Survey (select all that apply): archaeological architectural historical/archival underwater damage assessment monitoring report other(describe):. _________________________ Scope/Intensity/Procedures Preliminary Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) q Florida Archives (Gray Building)q library research- local public q local property or tax records q other historic maps q Florida Photo Archives (Gray Building)q library-special collection q newspaper files q soils maps or dataq Site File property search q Public Lands Survey (maps at DEP) q literature search q windshield survey q Site File survey search q local informant(s)q Sanborn Insurance maps q aerial photography q other (describe):. ______________________________________________________________________________ Archaeological Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) q Check here if NO archaeological methods were used. q surface collection, controlled q shovel test-other screen size q surface collection, uncontrolled q water screen q shovel test-1/4”screen q posthole tests q shovel test-1/8” screen q auger tests q shovel test 1/16”screen q coring q shovel test-unscreened q test excavation (at least 1x2 m) q block excavation (at least 2x2 m) q soil resistivity q magnetometer q side scan sonar q JURXQGSHQHWUDWLQJUDGDU*35 q /,'$5 q other (describe):. _______________________________________________________________________________ Historical/Architectural Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) q Check here if NO historical/architectural methods were used. q building permits q demolition permits q neighbor interview q subdivision maps q commercial permits q occupant interview q tax records q interior documentation q ZLQGVKLHOGVXUYH\ q local property records q occupation permits q unknown q other (describe):. _______________________________________________________________________________ Survey Results Resource Significance Evaluated? q Yes q No Count of Previously Recorded Resources____________ Count of Newly Recorded Resources____________ List Previously Recorded Site ID#s with Site File Forms Completed (attach additional pages if necessary) List Newly Recorded Site ID#s (attach additional pages if necessary) Site Forms Used: q Site File Paper Forms q Site File PDF Forms REQUIRED: Attach Map of Survey or Project Area Boundary SHPO USE ONLY SHPO USE ONLY SHPO USE ONLY Origin of Report: 872 Public Lands UW 1A32 # Academic Contract Avocational Grant Project # Compliance Review: CRAT # Type of Document: Archaeological Survey Historical/Architectural Survey Marine Survey Cell Tower CRAS Monitoring Report Overview Excavation Report Multi-Site Excavation Report Structure Detailed Report Library, Hist. or Archival Doc MPS MRA TG Other: Document Destination: ________________________BB____ Plotability: ___________________________________________ /,'$5RWKHUUHPRWHVHQVLQJ SHGHVWULDQVXUYH\ XQNQRZQ PHWDOGHWHFWRU RWKHUUHPRWHVHQVLQJ 'HVNWRS$QDO\VLV background research, surface reconnaissance; systematic subsurface testing (25, 50, 100, 200 m) N=97, all negative; 50 cm diameter, 1 m deep, 1/4" screen; historic resources reconnaissance 00 NA NA Plottable Projects Page 7891 of 9661 Silver Strand Mine Access Roads Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Sections 13-15, 22-24, 27; and Township 47 South, Range 30 East, Section 19 USGS Immokalee, Immokalee NE, and Immokalee SW. Collier County, Florida Page 7892 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 5 of 12 STATEMENT OF UTILITY PROVISIONS FOR CONDITIONAL USE REQUEST APPLICANT INFORMATION Name of Applicant(s): ___________________________________________________________ Address: ______________________________City: ___________ State: ________ ZIP: _______ Telephone: ____________________ Cell: _____________________ Fax: __________________ E-Mail Address: ________________________________________________________________ Address of Subject Property (If available): ___________________________________________ City: ________________ State: __________ ZIP: ___________ LEGAL DESCRIPTION Section/Township/Range: / / Lot: Block: Subdivision: _______________________________________________ Plat Book: Page #: Property I.D. Number: _________________________________ Metes & Bounds Description: _____________________________________________________ TYPE OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL TO BE PROVIDED Check applicable system: a. County Utility System b. City Utility System c. Franchised Utility System Provide Name: ____________________ d. Package Treatment Plant (GPD Capacity): ___________________ e. Septic System TYPE OF WATER SERVICE TO BE PROVIDED a. County Utility System b. City Utility System c. Franchised Utility System PROVIDE NAME_______________ d. Private System (Well) Total Population to be served: ____________________________________________________ Peak and Average Daily Demands: A. Water-Peak: _______ Average Daily: ________ B. Sewer-Peak: _______ Average Daily: ________ Page 7893 of 9661 Silver Strand III Partnership 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples FL 34105 239.403.6700 dgenson@barroncollier.com Naples FL 34105 13,14,15,23,24 47 29 00137280007, 00137280007,00137640003 See Sketch and Legal X X 5 137 105 336 75 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 6 of 12 If proposing to be connected to Collier County Regional Water System, please provide the date service is expected to be required: ____________________________________________ Narrative statement: Provide a brief and concise narrative statement and schematic drawing of sewage treatment process to be used as well as a specific statement regarding the method of affluent and sludge disposal. If percolation ponds are to be used, then percolation data and soil involved shall be provided from tests prepared and certified by a professional engineer. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ County Utility Dedication Statement: If the project is located within the service boundaries of Collier County’s utility service system, a notarized statement shall be provided agreeing to dedicate the water distribution and sewage collection facilities within the project area to the Collier County Utilities. This shall occur upon completion of the construction of these facilities in accordance with all applicable County ordinances in effect at that time. This statement shall also include an agreement that the applicable system development charges and connection fees will be paid to the County Utilities Division prior to the issuance of building permits by the County. If applicable, the statement shall contain an agreement to dedicate the appropriate utility easements for serving the water and sewer systems. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Statement of Availability Capacity from other Providers: Unless waived or otherwise provided for at the pre-application meeting, if the project is to receive sewer or potable water services from any provider other than the County, a statement from that provider indicating adequate capacity to serve the project shall be provided. Page 7894 of 9661 COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT NAPLES, FLORIDA 34104 www.colliergov.net (239) 252-2400 FAX: (239) 252-6358 5/08/2018 Page 7 of 12 RECORDING OF DEVELOPER COMMITMENTS Within 30 days of adoption of the Ordinance, the owner or developer at their expense shall record in the Public Records of Collier County a Memorandum of Understanding of Developer Commitments or Notice of Developer Commitments that contains the legal description of the property that is the subject of the land use petition and contains each and every commitment of the owner or developer specified in the Ordinance. The Memorandum or Notice shall be in form acceptable to the County and shall comply with the recording requirements of F.S. §695. A recorded copy of the Memorandum or Notice shall be provided to the assigned Principal Planner, Zoning Services Department, within 15 days of recording of said Memorandum or Notice. Chapter 8 of the Administrative Code requires that the applicant must remove their public hearing advertising sign(s) after final action is taken by the Board of County Commissioners. Based on the Board's final action on this item, please remove all public hearing advertising sign(s) immediately. Page 7895 of 9661 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 Memorandum Date: November 5, 2024 To: Sean Sammon, Collier County Planning & Zoning Division From: Jessica Harrelson, AICP RE: Silver Strand Mine Conditional Use-PL20220001634 & Variance-PL20230001067 NIM Summary A NIM was held on Wednesday, October 30th, 2024, at the Ave Maria Master Association Office, located at 5080 Annunciation Circle, Unit #101, Ave Maria, FL, 34142. Those listed below, associated with the project, were in attendance: 1. Jessica Harrelson, AICP – Peninsula Engineering 2. Bruce Layman – Peninsula Engineering 3. Ciprian Malaescu – Trebilcock Consulting Solutions 4. Nick Kouloheras – Barron Collier Companies 5. Sean Sammons – Collier County Growth Management Three (3) members of the public attended the meeting in person, and two (2) individuals participated via Zoom. Only one question was asked by a Zoom participant: “What is the status of where you are with the County in terms of permitting?” Jessica responded that the Conditional Use and Variance were found sufficient by Staff and will be scheduled for hearings, targeted for early next year. Jessica further noted the participant would be notified of the dates and signs would be posted on the property as well. End Memo. Page 7896 of 9661 SSILVERR STRANDD MINECONDITIONALL USEE && VARIANCECU-PL20220001634 & VA-PL20230001067 NEIGHBORHOODD INFORMATIONN MEETINGOctoberr 30,, 2024Page 7897 of 9661 PProjectt TeamAPPLICANT:Silver Strand III PartnershipCONSULTANTT TEAM:Coleman,, Yovanovich,, Koester•Richard Yovanovich, Esq.Peninsulaa Engineering•Jessica Harrelson, AICPTrebilcockk Consultingg Solutions•Norman Trebilcock, AICP, PTOE, PEEarthh Techh Environmental•Jeremy SterkPage 7898 of 9661 LLocationn MapPage 7899 of 9661 SSurroundingg Landd UsesCollier County Solid WastePage 7900 of 9661 SSurroundingg Landd UsesSeminole Tribe of Florida(Residential/Park)Page 7901 of 9661 SSurroundingg Landd UsesCommon Ownership(Barron Collier Partnership)Common Ownership(Barron Collier Partnership)Page 7902 of 9661 SSurroundingg Landd UsesResidential-“Kaicasa”(Habitat for Humanity)Page 7903 of 9661 SSurroundingg Landd UsesSingle-FamilyResidentialPage 7904 of 9661 ZZoning// Requests•ZONING: Agricultural Zoning District, Mobile Home Overlay, & Rural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay•CONDITIONAL USE (CU):requesting to permit earth mining on the subject propertyoPermitted Conditional Use within the Agricultural Zoning District oDigging, processing, and hauling of raw materials off-site (fill/sand).oNo concreteoNo asphalt•VARIANCE (VA):to eliminate code-required perimeter landscape buffersPage 7905 of 9661 CConceptuall Sitee Plan±204-acPage 7906 of 9661 Developmentt StandardsAgricultural Zoning DistrictoCollier County LDC requires a 50’ setback from all property boundaries•Project exceeds required setback along every boundaryoMaximum Zoned Building Height of Structures – 35’ (Per the Land Development Code)•Project only proposes single-story maintenance/office buildingsPage 7907 of 9661 CConditionss off ApprovaloHours of Operation for Mining Activities•Monday-Friday: 6:30 am-5:00 pm •Saturday: 7:00 am-3:00 pmoMaximum Average of Haul Trucks •430 one-way trucks per dayoStaging of Haul Trucks Will Occur On-Site •Staging of Haul Trucks in Public Rights-of-Way is ProhibitedoDust Control Management PlanPage 7908 of 9661 PROXIMITYY MAPP –– VARIANCEE JUSTIFICATIONSoProximity from adjacent rights-of-way and surrounding land uses.oSurrounded by agricultural uses along most property boundaries.oCommon Ownership along a portion of the northern property boundary.oExisting vegetation provides sufficient screening and/or meets buffer requirements.oAgricultural uses will continue to occur on the property outside of the mining area.Page 7909 of 9661 EExistingg VegetationPage 7910 of 9661 Northeastt ViewPage 7911 of 9661 Northwestt ViewPage 7912 of 9661 Stockadee Road// Koowachobeee TrailPage 7913 of 9661 East/Northeastt ViewshedPage 7914 of 9661 DDeveloperr Commitments-- Variance•The Applicant will install 200 LF of a 20’ Type ‘C’ bufferadjacent to the abutting residential parcel along theeastern property boundary. xThe Applicant will install a code-required buffer within 180days along any property boundary where development hasbeen approved on an adjacent property.Page 7915 of 9661 QQUESTIONSPage 7916 of 9661 Page 7917 of 9661 Page 7918 of 9661 Page 7919 of 9661 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 NOTICE OF NEIGHBORHOOD INFORMATION MEETINGPETITIONS: CU-PL20220001634 – SILVER STRAND MINE CONDITIONAL USEVA-PL20230001067 – SILVER STRAND MINE VARIANCE A neighborhood information meeting has been scheduled for Wednesday, October 30th, 2024, beginning at 5:30 pm, to discuss the referenced zoning petitions and will be held at the Ave Maria Master Association Office, 5080 Annunciation Circle, Unit #101, Ave Maria, FL 34142. The purpose and intent of this Neighborhood Information Meeting is to provide the public with notice of the impending zoning applications and to foster communication between the applicant and the public. The expectation is that all attendees will conduct themselves in such a manner that their presence will not interfere with the orderly progress of the meeting. The Applicant, Silver Strand III Partnership, has submitted a formal application to Collier County seeking approval of a Conditional Use (CU) in the Rural Agricultural Zoning District, Mobile Home OverlayandRural Lands Stewardship Area Overlay to allow for a commercial excavation mine. A companion Variance (VA) application has also been submitted, seeking to eliminate code-required perimeter landscape buffers. The project involves seven (7) separate parcels, collectively consisting of 3,937.88 acres, located in eastern Collier County within portions of Sections 13,14, 15, 22, 23, 24, and 27, Township 47 South and Range 29 East, (the “property”). If you have questions or would like to register to participate in the meeting remotely, please contact the individual below. Jessica Harrelson, AICP Peninsula Engineering Phone: 239.403.6751 Email: jharrelson@pen-eng.com Please note, remote participation is provided as a courtesy. The applicant and Peninsula Engineering are not responsible for any technical issues. Project information can be found on our website: www.pen-eng.com/planning-projects or by using the QR code below: Page 7920 of 9661 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, Florida, 34105 Office 239.403.6700 Fax 239.261.1797 Fla Engineer CA 28275 Fla Landscape CA LC26000632 Fla Surveyor/Mapper LB8479 LOCATION MAP Page 7921 of 9661 1NAME1 NAME2 NAME3 NAME4 NAME5 NAME6 LEGAL1 LEGAL2 LEGAL3 LEGAL4 FOLIOBARRON COLLIER P'SHIP LLLP 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY # 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 11 47 29 ALL, LESS NW1/4 OF SW1/4 OF NW1/4 + RR R/W + LESS N1/2 OF NE1/4 + LESS E1/2 OF NE1/4 OF NW1/4 + LESS 00136880000BARRON COLLIER P'SHIP LLLP 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY # 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 11 47 29 COM AT SE CNR SEC 11, S 89 DEG W 244.64 FT, N 45 DEG W 281 FT & POB, S 89 DEG W 843.01 FT, N 45 DEG W 942.83FT 00137160509BARRON COLLIER P'SHIP LLLP 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY # 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 15 47 29 NW1/4 OF NW 1/4 LESS OR 339 PG 390-391 35.12 AC OR 975 PG 674, LESS OR 4322 PG 1361 00137760103CDC INVESTMENT PROPERTIES LLC 999 VANDERBILT BEACH RD #507NAPLES, FL 34108---0 13 47 29 ALL LYING N & ELY OF SR 29 LESS REFERENCED PARCEL 8 DESC IN OR 2153 PG 1901 00137520000COLLIER CNTY COLLIER CNTY SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT DIVISION 3339 TAMAMI TR E, STE 302 NAPLES, FL 34112---0 15 47 29 COMM NW CNR SEC 15, N 85 DEG E 2707.30FT TO POB, N 85 DEG E 676.83FT, S 4 DEG E 2657.21FT, S 85 DEG W 00137760006COLLIER CNTY COLLIER CNTY SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT DIVISION 3339 TAMIAMI TR E, STE 302 NAPLES, FL 34112---0 15 47 29 NE1/4 OF NW1/4 + N 60FT OF NW1/4 OF NW1/4, LESS THE PORTION DESC AS FOLLOWS: COM NW COR OF SEC 15, TH 00137680005COLLIER CNTY TRANSPORTATION RIGHT-OF-WAY 2885 HORSESHOE DRIVE SNAPLES, FL 34104---0 15 47 29 A 100FT WIDE STRIP OF LAND AS DESC IN OR 4322 PG 1361 REFERENCED AS "PARCEL 7" 00137760200COLLIER CNTY TRANSPORTATION RIGHT-OF-WAY 2885 HORSESHOE DRIVE SNAPLES, FL 34104---0 15 47 29 A 100FT STRIP OF LAND AS DESC IN OR 4322 PG 1351 REFERENCED AS "PARCEL 6" 00137760307COLLIER CNTY TRANSPORTATION RIGHT-OF-WAY 2885 HORSESHOE DRIVE SNAPLES, FL 34104---0 22 47 29 A 100FT WIDE STRIP OF LAND AS DESC IN OR 4322 PG 135200138120506COLLIER CNTY HOUSING AUTHORITY1800 FARM WORKER WAYIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---5544 11 47 29 S1/2 OF SE1\4 LYING E OF SR 29 18.82AC00137160101COLLIER LAND HOLDINGS LTD 999 VANDERBILT BEACH RD #507NAPLES, FL 34108---0 18 47 30 ALL, LESS A PORTION AS DESC IN OR 5533 PG 125700139640001COLLIER LAND HOLDINGS LTD 999 VANDERBILT BEACH RD #507NAPLES, FL 34108---0 19 47 30 ALL LYING NELY OF SR 29, LESS THAT PORTION AS DESC IN OR 5533 PG 1257 00139771103CRAPSE, OTIS & ANITA HAROLD AND LAISA CRAPSE 2525 STATE ROAD 29 SIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---9734 13 47 29 DESC IN OR 163 PG 119, COMM NW CNR OF SEC, S 100.39FT TO C/L OF ACL RR, S 44 DEG E 2175.26FT, S 45 DEG 00137400007CRAPSE, RALPH D 2525 STATE ROAD 29 SIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---9734 13 47 29 COM NW COR, S 100.39FT, SE 2175.26FT ALG CENT LI OF R R R/W, SW 100FT, SE 680FT TO POB, SW 170FT, NW 00137320006FERVIL, MAKENDY JESULA FERVIL JOSEPH 2357 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 3552659921041GONZALEZ, ALYSSA R 2342 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 2952659920929HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE TRACT C-152659920026HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE TRACT C-252659920042HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE TRACT C-352659920068HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE TRACT FD-152659920084HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE TRACT L-152659920181HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE TRACT L-252659920204HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA 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34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 10652659922464HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 10752659922480HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 10852659922503HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 10952659922529HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11052659922545HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11152659922561HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11252659922587HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11352659922600HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11452659922626HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11552659922642Notice: This data belongs to the Collier County Property Appraiser's Office (CCPA). Therefore, the recipient agrees not to represent this data to anyone as other than CCPA provided data. The recipient may not transfer this data to others without consent from the CCPA.Petition: PL20220001634 | Buffer: 1000 | Date: 8/22/24 | Site Location: 00138160003 & othersCopy of POList_1000Page 7922 of 9661 2HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11652659922668HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11752659922684HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11852659922707HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 11952659922723HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 12052659922749HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 12152659922765HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 12252659922781HABITAT FOR HUMANITY OF COLLIER COUNTY 11145 TAMIAMI TRL ENAPLES, FL 34113---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 12352659922804LARA-AGUILAR, RAFAEL JULIA ANN AGUILAR 2341 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 3952659921122LOUISSAINT, ROCHEMELA 2337 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 4052659921148MALDONADO JR, GUADALUPE 2360 BAHAY LOOPIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 152659920369MC SWAIN, CARROLL 2491 STATE RD S 29IMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 13 47 29 COM NW COR, S 100.39FT, SE 2175.26FT ALG C/L OF RR R/W, SW 100FT TO POB, SW 730FT, SE 390FT NE 00137360008MULLINS, JOY L 2475 STATE ROAD 29 SIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---9734 13 47 29 COMM NW CNR OF SEC, S 100.39FT TO C/L OF A C L R/R, S 44DEG E 2175.26FT, S 45DEG W 100FT TO POB, S 44DEG 00137440009RIA, JEAN SONY GIBONNE RIA SAINT ELOI 2353 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 3652659921067RIA, SHERLY 2338 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 3052659920945RIOS, JOSE ANTONIO SALAZAR MA A SOTO GUEVARA 2349 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 3752659921083SERENOA INVESTMENTS LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY 3RD FLNAPLES, FL 34105---0 16 47 29 ALL THAT PORTION OF SEC 16 DESC 1N OR 1685 PG 1617 628.71 AC 00137800005SERENOA INVESTMENTS LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY 3RD FLNAPLES, FL 34105---0 21 47 29 ALL LYING W OF 29 & N OF OR 1685 PG 162800138080002SHACKLETON, JN NIXON MARIE M SHACKLETON OLIVER 2326 DOM STIMMOKALEE, FL 34142---0 KAICASA PHASE ONE LOT 3252659920987SILVER STRAND III LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY STE 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 13 47 29 ALL LYING S & W OF SR 29 LESS RR ROW & LESS DB 17 PG 453, DB 39 PG 304 00137280007SILVER STRAND III LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY STE 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 15 47 29 ALL LESS NE1/4 OF NW1/4 & LESS N 60FT OF NW1/4 OF NW1/4, LESS OR 941 PG 521 & OR 1033 PG 1742 LESS NW 1/4 OF 00137640003SILVER STRAND III LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY STE 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 22 47 29 ALL LESS CAMP KEAIS RD & LESS LANDS LYING W OF CAMP KEAIS RD OR 1560 PG 397 OR 1560 PG 404 OR 1560 PG 411, 00138120001SILVER STRAND III LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY STE 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 23 47 29 ALL00138160003SILVER STRAND III LLC 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY STE 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 24 47 29 ALL00138200002SILVER STRAND III PARTNERSHIP 2600 GOLDEN GATE PKWY STE 200NAPLES, FL 34105---3227 14 47 29 ALL EXC ACL RR R/W + SR 2900137560002STRICKLAND JR, WILLIE H JUSTIN KYLE STRICKLAND PO BOX 5240IMMOKALEE, FL 34143---0 19 47 30 PORTION LYING SLY OF SR 29 AS DESC IN OR 4337 PG 72700139771200U S A TRUST SEMINOLE TRIBE OF FLA % DEPT OF INTERIOR BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS WASHINGTON, DC 20510---1 10 47 29 ALL, LESS SE1/4 OFNE1/4 & RR R/W, LESS SE1/4 OF SW1/4 OF SW1/4 AND W1/2 OF SE 1/4 OF SW1/4 564.45 AC OR 00136680006USA % BRIAN COLEMAN, CHIEF LAND RESOURCES PROGRAM OFFICE NATIONAL PARK SERVICES 2975 HORSESHOE DR S, STE 800 NAPLES, FL 34104---0 15 47 29 COMM NW1/4 CNR SEC, E 443FT, S 36DEG E 73.53 FT TO POB, N 88DEG E 665.05FT, S 33DEG W 347.30FT, S 34DEG E 00137720004Copy of POList_1000Page 7923 of 9661 Page 7924 of 9661 Page 7925 of 9661 Page 7926 of 9661 Page 7927 of 9661 Page 7928 of 9661 Page 7929 of 9661 Page 7930 of 9661 Page 7931 of 9661 Page 7932 of 9661 Page 7933 of 9661