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HAPB Agenda 06/17/2022Coi CT C,-014nty AGENDA COLLIER COUNTY HISTORIC/ARCHAEOLOGICAL PRESERVATION BOARD WILL MEET AT 9:30 AM, FRIDAY, June 17, 2022 AT THE COLLIER COUNTY GROWTH MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT — DIVISION OF PLANNING & ZONING, CONFERENCE ROOM 610, LOCATED AT 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE, NAPLES, FLORIDA. NOTE: ANY PERSON WHO DECIDES TO APPEAL A DECISION OF THIS BOARD WILL NEED A RECORD OF THE PROCEEDINGS PERTAINING THERETO, AND THEREFORE MAY NEED TO ENSURE THAT A VERBATIM RECORD OF THE PROCEEDINGS IS MADE, WHICH RECORD INCLUDES THE TESTIMONY AND EVIDENCE UPON WHICH THE APPEAL IS TO BE BASED. Any person in need of a verbatim record of the meeting may request a copy of the audio recording from the Collier County Growth Management Division Department of Planning and Zoning. ALL MATERIAL USED IN PRESENTATIONS BEFORE THE HAPB WILL BECOME A PERMANENT PART OF THE RECORD. THESE MATERIALS WILL BE AVAILABLE FOR PRESENTATION TO THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 1. ROLL CALL/ATTENDANCE 2. ADDENDA TO THE AGENDA 3. APPROVAL OF THE AGENDA 4. APPROVAL OF MINUTES: May 20, 2022 5. OLD BUSINESS: A. Interlocal Agreement with the City of Marco Island B. Rosemary Cemetery (Plot W) historic designation C. Vacancy status 6. NEW BUSINESS: A. Waiver Request from Historical and Archaeological Survey and Assessment of Estates at Rock Creek RPUD B. Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve — Encompassing companion petitions PL20210002776 - Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Stewardship Receiving Area (SRA) and PL20210002843 - Collier Sporting Club Conditional Use (CU) 7. REVIEW OF PROJECT AND ACTIVITY LOG: 8. PUBLIC COMMENTS: 9. HAPB COMMENTS: 10. ADJOURNMENT: May 20, 2022 MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE COLLIER COUNTY HISTORICARCHAEOLOGICAL PRESERVATION BOARD May 20, 2022 LET IT BE REMEMBERED, the Collier County Historic/Archaeological Preservation Board in and for the County of Collier, having conducted business herein, met on this date at 9:30 A.M. in REGULAR SESSION at the Collier County Growth Management Division — Planning and Regulation, Conference Room #610, 2800 Horseshoe Drive North, Naples, Florida, with the following members present: CHAIRMAN: Eugene Erj avec Elizabeth "Betsy" Perdichizzi Barry O'Brien Patricia Sherry (excused) George Thompson Austin Bell ALSO PRESENT: Andy Youngblood, Operations Analyst Sean Kingston, Senior Planner Timothy Finn, Principal Planner Ray Bellows, Zoning Manager Amanda Townsend, Museums Director (via Zoom) Joanna Rivera, HAPB candidate Michael Delate, VP, Grady Minor & Associates Daniel DeLisi, President, Delisi Inc. land -use planning (via Zoom) Maranda Kles, VP, Archaeological Consultants Inc. (via Zoom) i May 20, 2022 Any persons in need of the verbatim record of the meeting may request a copy of the audio recording from the Collier County Growth Management Department. 1. Roll Call/Attendance: Chairman Erjavec called the meeting to order at 9:32 a.m. Roll call was taken, and a quorum of five was established. 2. Additions to Agenda None 3. Approval of Agenda Mn Thompson moved to approve the agenda. Second by Mr. Bell. The motion was carried unanimously, 5-0. 4. Approval of Minutes: Feb. 18, 2022 Mr. Bell said that on page 3, the third paragraph, it says "Mr. O'Brien, who is curator of collections at the Marco Island Historical Society." It should say Mr. Bell. Under No. 10 on Page 4, the vote should be 4-0, not 3-0. He (Mr. Bell) joined late and voted. The minutes also should say the meeting adjourned at 10:16 a.m., not 9:16 a.m. Ms. Perdichizzi moved to approve the Feb. 18, 2022, minutes, as amended. Second by Mr. Bell. The motion was carried unanimously, 5-0. 5. Old Business A. Interlocal Agreement with the City of Marco Island Mr. Bellows said he and Tim Finn have been in contact with Dan Smith (director of community affairs for Marco Island). We have been trying to get them to make a determination. The last official correspondence from them said they were trying to work on direction from the City Council and they have not responded the last two times we've reached out, including yesterday. Chairman Erjavec asked if their options would be creating an ordinance, joining an interlocal agreement or creating their own preservation board. Mr. Bellows said yes, and the last time we had a detailed discussion with Dan Smith, it sounded like they were exploring options, such as creating their own preservation board. Chairman Erjavec said this is very important. We've been discussing this for a long time. There's a need for it. Working as an archaeologist on Marco Island, most of the people, if not all, want to do what we're doing, a Phase 1 Report, even though it's not a requirement for Marco Island. That's my point with the review board. If they're doing these reports, they should be reviewed because there are standards on these reports and there could be people writing reports that don't qualify, or they could miss standards. They're missing out, particularly with the human remains portion of it and any historic aspect. We have a wonderful Historical Society and a wonderful museum, and people want to do this right. The State has guidelines on how to do it. We can even have an Interlocal Agreement to help them May 20, 2022 do it and we're still waiting for them to take action. He's been going to City Hall and trying to get them to participate, particularly with human remains. There are things that need oversight. B. Indian Hill Site on Marco Island No report C. Rosemary Cemetery (Plot W) historic designation Ms. Townsend said that due to staff shortages, she's working at the Roberts Ranch Museum and is being stretched thin. She doesn't have any updates on Rosemary Cemetery, but the ball is now in her court. There have been some questions asked of her from the County Real Estate Services Department and she needs to get back to them. A concerned citizen, Fred Saunders, has created a website dedicated to Rosemary Cemetery, www.rosemarycemete .room, so he's asked us to provide photos from the archives and we're working with him. We're grateful that he's bringing awareness and, frankly, she's grateful that he's putting a little pressure on her because she knows we needs to keep moving this forward. However, she's been stretched too thin, and will get back to it as soon as she can. Chairman Erjavec thanked her for the report and said that hopefully, they'll get some of those legal issues addressed. D. Vacancy status Chairman Erjavec asked about Joanna Rivera, the woman who is attending the meeting and is interested in the open Board chair. Could we review that online through an email and then vote on it at the next meeting? Mr. Bellows said we can send all that information once she submits an application. Then you can vote on it. Chairman Erjavec said they can vote on it next month. It's been vacant for quite a while. 6. New Business A. CLG Evaluation; Good Standing Letter; training opportunity Chairman Erjavec apologized for missing the training opportunity. The County we received a State letter congratulating us and certifying us as a Certified Local Government. There is a phone number if you have questions or if you want to call about any additional information. On the last page, let's have a brief discussion on it. The State obviously wants us to keep updating them on the Interlocal Agreement with the City of Marco Island. It does show that Collier County would have responsibility. It's strange that Marco Island doesn't need any responsibilities, but we missed the training meeting. Where did the Board left the Tamiami Trail historic marker issue? We kind of shelved it. May 20, 2022 Ms. Townsend said the Board made a decision to take no further action on it. You couldn't compel the HOA and they didn't seem willing to move forward. Chairman Erjavec said there was a preserve area there where it's also shared with tortoises, it is marked. It says there is a placard saying this is where the old trail was and if you were to enter the small park, it's a high pinelands and it's preserved. He believed it was a requirement for that association, and that's the extent of their involvement. We've tried to get them to participate and go forward. He wasn't sure what the original intent of that area was besides preserve land. My question to Ray is should we put this back on the agenda or should we just let it go as it is? Mr. Thompson said they should let it go. It's the end of a dead-end road. It's probably a nice little piece of property for walking and hiking, but it's not a high -traffic tourist destination at all. Chairman Erjavec said that is correct. It's kind of hard to access. You have to go through a residential neighborhood and there's very limited parking, which could have been improved. But the immediate neighbor adjacent to the entrance, you could tell by looking around that he might have had issues with the easement and parking. The project is going to remain as a preserve. It's posted. He didn't know what else they could do. The Board decided to include a photograph in the Historic Destinations list, so if a person was to attempt to go there, he can see the destination. It does give you the feeling of the old trail. He collects 100-year-old postcards from Southwest Florida and you see images of the old trail, pine flats and the road going through. We're still going to have to post a picture and leave it on the list for historic destinations people can visit and go from there. It's also shared with a turtle sanctuary. It's posted that they don't want dogs for obvious reasons. It's a nice preserve for turtles. He encouraged Board members to call the State number if you do have questions. B. Waiver Request from Historical and Archeological Survey and Assessment Mr. Delate said Wayne Arnold submitted a waiver request for property on the East Trail, Maple Lane. It's currently an agriculturally zoned property and there has been a nursery there for the last few years. It was quite heavily impacted through the years with former agriculture and now a nursery operation is being converted to a PD for residential, so we've asked for a waiver for the historical review. Chairman Erjavec asked if there was a home on the frontage of the road and if the nursery was in the back. 4 May 20, 2022 Mr. Delate said historically there may have been home, but now it's a nursery. Local knowledge of the area has definitely agriculture for a long time prior to the 1970s. There's a homestead next door to the west. Chairman Erjavec asked if other properties were included in this possible development or just the 5 acres. Mr. Delate said just the 5 acres. Mr. Thompson said he looked at the aerials and it looks like it's been pretty gone over the years. There's not much more you can disturb. Chairman Erjavec said the report mentioned that there were no current excavation activities there. Mr. Delate said mostly fill. There will be very minor excavation just to put in utilities, probably shallow, because he has to fill up anyway. There's no lake proposed. Chairman Erjavec said that with the heavy impact that was done. And if you blow up the aerial, you'll notice there is quite a bit of development in the area already. The waiver might be appropriate. Mr. Thompson made a motion to approve the waiver submitted by Grady Minor & Associates. Mr. O'Brien seconded it. The motion carried unanimously, 5-0. C. Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of Williams Farms PUD Mr. DeLisi said he's the land -use planner on the case and Maranda Kles is here from Archaeological Consultants Inc. She did the Cultural Resource Assessment, which was pretty straightforward. He deferred all questions to her. Ms. Kles told the Board she was on the line if they had any questions. Chairman Erjavec said he reviewed the report and it's satisfactory, a good job done on the Cultural Resource Assessment. There are two sites within the project that would be a concern, but after reviewing the report, he liked the executive summary, where they mention Modular 3 Standards. This is a 150-200-page document that lays out the guidelines and the standards on how to do an archaeological report. For most firms, there are some cases where they might not have read Modular 3 because the report doesn't comply. We're not here to judge, but in the case of Marco Island, if it was bad report that wasn't standardized, it could be missed. In this case, with Collier, we would review the reports because we have oversight to review these things. That's another good reason Marco Island needs to be doing this. May 20, 2022 He noted that Modular 3 is under the County's Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual. It's good to know. An archaeologist could look at this report and review the executive summary, the methodology, the shovel -test map and the recommendations and you could easily see if this report qualifies under those standards. In this case, it's a job well done. They actually mention Modular 3 as their part of their mitigation to survey it. If you look at the shovel -test map, 5-2, you've got all the history on the map page. This shows that they actually looked and reviewed it and didn't just produce something for a report. If you look at their shovel -test map, the standard would be 25 centimeters or larger on a property like this. You see the grid pattern of the 25 centimeters part in there. They don't have to be perfect. You can offset them a little bit, but if you notice, the two groups of clusters of shovel test, they took an honest look at where the sites were. They tried to find a site and if you look around the edge and then up in the highlands, some areas you just dig and there's water or a cow pasture. But this is an honest, true attempt to evaluate the area. We see others, particularly in Marco, which doesn't require them, where the shovel -test isn't done. They did a good job here. Looking at that area, there is a lot of development to the north and the lake, that preserve. We're not here to discuss any other issues about it, but we're just simply looking at the assessment and the qualified opinion about preserving any cultural resources, if they're discovered. He assumed the firm would be called back if something was accidentally discovered during the process of development. Any comments from the Board? Mr. Bellows asked if the Chairman could vote to forward the recommendations from this Cultural Assessment to the Planning Commission. We will incorporate this report with the rezone application that goes to the Planning Commission and the Board of County Commissioners. We need a vote to accept this. Mr. Bell moved to accept and forward Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of Williams Farms PUD to the Planning Commission. Second by Ms. Perdichizzi. The motion was carried unanimously, 5-0. 7. Review of Project and Activity Log The Board reviewed the "Collier County Historic and Archaeologic Preservation Board Project & Activity Tracking Log (Revised on 51212022). " Interlocal Agreement Chairman Erjavec said we did have a brief discussion earlier. Ray said the City Manager's Office and the State has opened communications with Marco Island. We're waiting for them to proceed on their decision on how they want to go about handling this. Marco Island is nearing full development in three or four years. We have issues. As the island has been developed, there are a lot of vacant lots, particularly in the Caxambas area, that sat there forever. There are no homes on them, and you wonder why there are no homes on these 6 May 20, 2022 vacant lots. Well, somebody knew something. Now, all these lots are for sale and the ones he's talking about, where there are known human remains, or a huge site, complex villages, where there once was a lot of activity. We're preparing that land for development and now it's gotten to the point where the development is in such demand, it's nearly completely developed. So, it's important that the Interlocal Agreement conversations continue. It's a shame that there's no oversight on the work being done there, if it's being done. Rosemary Cemetery Chairman Erjavec noted that they'd already spoken to Amanda Townsend and they're working on the legal aspects. It seems like it's getting closer. Vacancy Chairman Erjavec noted that there is a candidate at the meeting today and the Board will review her resume shortly. Ms. Perdichizzi said she appreciated that Joanna Rivera came to the meeting to see what the Board is all about. We look forward to her submitting her application. Indian Hill Site No report/update 8. Public Comments: None 9. HAPB Comments Ms. Townsend updated the Board on some projects: • The Special Category Grant for the Roberts Ranch Home stabilization and rehabilitation is complete and the home is now back open to the public. It looks absolutely beautiful and we thank you for your support. • The Legislature funded a Special Category Grant for rehabilitation and restoration of the small fishing cottages at Margood Harbor Park in Goodland. We're anxiously awaiting our Grant Award Agreement on that. The architectural work is done on that project, so it will be construction only, which should make it go a little faster than the Roberts Home, where we tried to combine both in a two-year project. • There's a really awesome multi -agency collaborative project to transform the baggage car at the Naples Depot Museum into a permanent space to tell the County's African - American story. The Friends of the Museum are the recipients of a $400,000 grant to work on that project. There are pledges of private funds, including from the Friends and others coming in. The City looked very favorably upon it this week. The Community Foundation (of Collier County) kickstarted that with some funds for architectural work. The community has really come together, the NAACP, the Friends of the Museum, and Southwest Heritage, which owns the Depot site. • The HAPB booklets fly off the shelf at the museums. The redesign took a long time, but they're very popular with museum visitors and are a nice resource to have. May 20, 2022 • 2023 will be the Collier County Centennial. May 8, 2023, is the official date that Collier County turns 100 years old. We are working with Collier County Communications and any other divisions that would like to participate to ensure the County centennial is appropriately celebrated. We'll be looking for more information about that. 10. Adjournment The next HAPB meeting will be held on June 17 at 9:30 a.m. Mr. Bell made a motion to adjourn the meeting. Second by Ms. Perdichizzi. The motion was carried unanimously, 5-0. There being no further business for the good of the County, the meeting was adjourned by order of the chairman at 10:07 a.m. HISTORIC/ARCHAEOLOGICAL PRESERVATION BOARD Chairman, Eugene Erjavec These meeting notes were approved by the board on , as presented (check one) , or as amended Active Item HAPB Hearing Dates HAPB/Staff Comments 1 Interlocal 9/18/20 At March HAPB, vote was received to submit the letter and it will be Agreement 11/20/20 signed by Austin Bell and proper offices, and then it will be submitted. with the 2/19/21 Zoning Manager stated the Attorney's office will start on it. At April City of 3/19/21 HAPB, Mr. Bellows confirmed that the letter has been submitted to the Marco 4/16/21 City and we are waiting for their response. At August HAPB, Mr. Bell Island 8/20/21 noted a letter (attached in this meeting's packet) had been sent from 10/15/21 the Marco Island Historical Society to the Marco Island City Council 12/17/21 providing alternatives for the assessment of Marco's historical 1/21/22 resources, specifying the benefits of an agreement. Mr. Erjavec 2/18/22 mentioned the meetings he had with Marco Island staff and City 3/18/22 Council regarding preservation. Mr. Bellows elaborated on the 5/20/2022 procedures supporting such an agreement. At September HAPB, Mr. Bellows reported that the agreement will likely need participation with County Manager. At October HAPB, Board discussed how this will need to satisfy the City's and County's expectations for processing land use applications and how the City's Probability Map may need to be updated. They also spoke of how existing Interlocal Agreements, including Everglades City could be used as a reference. Mr. Bellows mentioned inviting a representative of the City as this is driven by it. At December HAPB, there was discussion between the Chair, Board members, County Attorney, and Planning & Zoning Division Director regarding this issue, on why reaching an agreement is necessary, how it can be reached and why the attendance of a representative from the City is instrumental for its progress. The attendance of a representative for this meeting was cancelled due to a conflict of scheduling. The City is not a Certified Local Government (CLG) — a government with a historic preservation ordinance. At January HAPB, staff from City of Marco Island were in attendance, including the City Manager, Director of Community Affairs, and an Environmental Planner. The County's Director of Zoning was also present. HAPB Chair voiced concerns about the area's needing preservation. Members focused toward the agreement. City staff noted their review process and comprehensive plan update. City and County staff and HAPB members discussed objectives and mechanisms of an agreement and its advantages. County Zoning Director acknowledged the framework being discussed as reasonable, recognizing it was up to the City to initiate it. At February HAPB, planning staff reported that they had spoken with Marco Island's Director of Community Affairs and HAPB may become more involved with historic sites on Marco Island, but the City will need to take next steps to determine the difference between HAPB's and the City's role. Chair mentioned the City's need to update their probability map. At March HAPB, planning staff reported that they had spoken with Marco Island's Director of Community Affairs again. They spoke of zoning actions to implement historical regulations, the process to deal with archaeological sites, the role of the County's HAPB with the City, and the possibility of the City creating their own preservation board. Chairman Erjavec inquired whether he or other HAPB members could participate or listen in on these discussions. At May HAPB, staff remarked the City was exploring options including creating their own preservation board, yet they have not responded to recent attempts at communication. Chairman Erjavec mentioned the benefits of a Phase 1 Report, and that we're waiting on them to take action. 2 Rosemary 11/20/20 At March HAPB, Museum Director (Ms. Townsend) reported there is Cemetery 2/19/21 no real movement, but had a conversation with with County Attorney. at 3/19/21 She says they would consider a quit claim to transfer the property and Goodlette 4/16/21 that the County owns Plot B and are trying to get ownership of Plots W /Pine Ridge 5/21/21 and N. At April HAPB, it has been determined that County Attorney is Road (Plot 8/20/21 comfortable moving forward with a quit claim deed. Museum Director W) Historic 10/15/21 stated their next task is to create a business plan for the County Designation 12/17/21 Manager's review. At May HAPB, Museum Director reported the 1/21/22 existence of a cemetery now largely developed and under private 2/18/22 ownership. The County owns Unit B (Plot W) and is trying to obtain 3/18/22 title to Units W and N. The last historical record was a survey 5/20/2022 conducted in 1966. At August HAPB, this item was continued to the next meeting. At September HAPB, Ms. Townsend reported they are moving forward with building a case for the acquisition of the property and discussed funding for property surveys, fencing, and repair of headstones. At October HAPB, Ms. Townsend reported the ownership, management, land, cost estimates for the work, and known history of the cemeteries. A member of the local NAACP attended and provided a letter expressing support. At December HAPB, Museum Director was not in attendance but left a message which was read giving an update of the BCC's recent approval in concept of Plots W and N in December. The museums will work with real estate services for acquisition, and then will need a second BCC approval. At January HAPB, the subject was mentioned regarding the public's involvement, the County's recognition of the NAACP's points, and actions of Museums. At February HAPB, Museum Director remarked that this has received media attention and real estate services had prepared a quit -claim deed. She also mentioned, at request of Board, about the maintenance of the property, its heirs, and the title. At March HAPB, Board members mentioned Museum Director's diligence on the matter, that it's reached its legal phase, how the NAACP was reported on by local news on their desire for it to be designated a burial site, and the trials on resolving real estate issues and ownership. At May HAPB, Ms. Townsend reported a website has been created for Rosemary Cemetery. 3 Vacancy 12/17/21 James Bennett (Engineering) Board member resigned prior to 1/21/22 December HAPB. Vacancy has been posted and the Board will review 2/18/22 applications at the next meeting. By January HAPB, no applications 3/18/22 5/20/2022 were made. By February HAPB, no applications were made. By March HAPB, no applications were made. Members discussed possible ways to attract applicants. By May HAPB, no applications were made. Inactive HAPB HAPB/Staff Comments Item Hearing Dates 1 Indian 3/19/21 In March, The HAPB indicated that this site is a good example of why Hill Site 4/16/21 an interlocal agreement would be helpful. Chair stated they are on Marco 5/21/21 attempting to organize what they can do with the status. It is a burial Island 8/20/21 ground which has had many disturbances. There is a lot of activity and 10/15/21 it is getting bigger. The damage is done and now they need to decide 12/17/21 how to proceed with preservation. Will attempt to have conversations 1/21/22 with nonprofits about how to preserve it. At April HAPB, Mr. Erjavec 2/18/22 noted why the site is of historic significance. Mr. Bellows suggested to contact the City to see what can be done from a growth management standpoint. Mr. Erjavec agreed to do this and suggested the Board pursue it at next HAPB. At May HAPB, Chairman Erjavec provided an update, noting a 2,000 year old burial site as well as other sites with historic relics. HAPB will wait on City of Marco Island's response to the agreement letter before pursuing preservation. At August HAPB, Mr. Erjavec noted he visited the site with representatives of Audubon of the Western Everglades. He remarked that City of Marco Island has recognized the need to preserve the area. At September HAPB, Mr. Erjavec noted the site has been proposed for acquistion through the Conservation Collier program. At October HAPB, it was recognized that these preservation efforts are supported by environmental advocates and Council Member Rich Blonna. Actions for acquisition of the properties are being pursued. At December HAPB, there was discussion of the roles of Conservation Collier and the Audubon Society with their interests of properties on Marco. This item is affected by the results of the Interlocal Agreement with the City. At January HAPB, recent BCC acquisition actions were discussed. At February HAPB, Board recognized Conservation Collier may acquire the land and to table the discussion meanwhile. COLLIER COUNTY WAIVER APPLICATION FROM THE REQUIRED HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT DATE SUBMITTED: PLANNER: Melissa Zone, Principal Planner PETITION NUMBER ASSOCIATED WITH THE WAIVER: (To Be Completed By Zoning and Land Development Review Staff) PROJECT NAME: Estates at Rock Creek RPUD LOCATION: (Common Description) 2250 North Road, Naples FL 34104 SUMMARY OF WAIVER REQUEST: The Applicant is seeking a waiver from the required Historical And Archaeological Survey and Assessment. The Property was shows signs of soil disturbance on a portion of the property has been previously cleared and surrounded by developed properties. (Properties located within an area of Historical and Archaeological Probability but with a low potential for historical/archaeological sites may petition the Community Development & Environmental Services Administrator County Manager or designee to waive the requirement for a Historical/Archaeological Survey and Assessment. Once the waiver application has been submitted, it shall be reviewed and acted upon within five (5) working days. The waiver request shall adequately demonstrate that the area has low potential for historical/archaeological sites.) Historic Preservation/Forms/rev. 06/05/08 SECTION ONE: APPLICANT AND PROPERTY OWNERSHIP DATA A. Name of applicant (s) (if other than property owner, state relationship such as option holder, contract purchaser, lessee, trustee, etc.): Elah Holdings, LLC c/o Erik Mogelvang Mailing Address: 2590 Golden Gate Pkwy #106 Phone: (239) 272-7774 FAX: E-Mail: Erik(a-floridaprime.com B. Name of agent(s) for applicant, if any: Josephine Medina, AICP RVI Planning + Landscape Architecture Mailing Address: 28100 Bonita Grande Drive Suite 305, Bonita Springs, FL, 34135 Phone: ( 239 ) 908.3421 FAX: E-Mail: JMedina(q-_)RViPlanninq.com C. Name of owner(s) of property: Same as the applicant Mailing Address: Phone: ( ) E-Mai 1: FAX: Note: If names in answers to A and/or B are different than name in C, notarized Ietter(s) of authorization from property owner (C) must be attached. Historic Preservation/Forms/rev. 06/05/08 2 SECTION TWO: SUBJECT PROPERTY DATA (Attach copy of the plat book page (obtainable from Clerk's Office at the original scale) with subject property clearly marked.) A. Legal description of subject property. Answer only 1 or 2, as applicable. IV C4 IC 1. Within platted subdivision, recorded in official Plat Books of Collier County. Subdivision Name: Plat Book Page Unit Block Lot Section Township Range 2. If not in platted subdivision, a complete legal description must be attached which is sufficiently detailed so as to locate said property on County maps or aerial photographs. The legal description must include the Section, Township and Range. If the applicant includes multiple contiguous parcels, the legal description may describe the perimeter boundary of the total area, and need not describe each individual parcel, except where different zoning requests are made on individual parcels. A boundary sketch is also required. Collier County has the right to reject any legal description, which is not sufficiently detailed so as to locate said property, and may require a certified survey or boundary sketch to be submitted. Property dimensions: Area: Width along roadway: 665' Depth: 643' Average square feet, or 11.26 +/- Present use of property: Single -Family Home and Warehousing Present zoning classification: Agricultural acres Historic Preservation/Forms/rev. 06/05/08 3 SECTION THREE: WAIVER CRITERIA Note: This provision is to cover instances in which it is obvious that any archaeological or historic resource that may have existed has been destroyed. Examples would be evidence that a major building has been constructed on the site or that an area has been excavated. A. Waiver Request Justification. 1. Interpretation of Aerial Photograph Based on 1952 & 1969 aerial photography identifies soil distubances and clearing occuring on the property as can be seen in contrast to the property to the west. 2. Historical Land Use Description: Historically the property has been use for single family residents, warehouse, and animal husbandry. 3. Land, cover, formation and vegetation description: FLUCCS MAP identifies the majority of the site as Mixed Hardwoods and Exotic Dominated and with some Mangroves - shorebanks along the shoreline. 4. Other:A Florida Master Site File letter was recieved for the Property and indicates the there a no recorded historical resources on the subject property or along the already developed shore to the south of Rock Creek B. The County Manager or designee may deny a waiver, grant the waiver, or grant the waiver with conditions. He shall be authorized to require examination of the site by an accredited archaeologist where deemed appropriate. The applicant shall bear the cost of such evaluation by an independent accredited archaeologist. The decision of the County Manager or designee regarding the waiver request shall be provided to the applicant in writing. In the event of a denial of the waiver request, written notice shall be provided stating the reasons for such denial. Any party aggrieved by a decision of the County Manager or designee regarding a waiver request may appeal to the Preservation Board. Any party aggrieved by a decision of the Preservation Board regarding a waiver request may appeal that decision to the Board of County Commissioners. Historic Preservation/Forms/rev. 06/05/08 SECTION FOUR: CERTIFICATION A. The applicant shall be responsible for the accuracy and completeness of this application. Any time delays or additional expenses necessitated due to the submittal of inaccurate or incomplete information shall be the responsibility of the applicant. B. All information submitted with the application becomes a part of the public record and shall be a permanent part of the file. C. All attachments and exhibits submitted shall be of a size that will fit or conveniently fold to fit into a legal size (8 t/2" x 14") folder. Si o Applicant or Agent Josephine Medina Printed Name of Applicant or Agent -TO BE COMPLETED BY THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION - SECTION FIVE: NOTICE OF DECISION The County Manager or designee has made the following determination: ❑ Approved on: M. ❑ Approved with Conditions on: By: (see attached) u Denied on: _ (see attached) L'In Historic Preservation/Forms/rev. 06/05/08 I All • p ,i NorthRoad - - - �� cjts.�i�.•�i _ g* n.T ,�.c �:_u^r �• w,w �.�w� vy '•r'• fi '•J� �--. `"T � �• •i _ 4-1 o WNW _. ,� �/..• ram.. 4 am ;� •� •� .� Estey Avenue — - -i Legal Description Ace rtain lot or parcel of land located in Section 2, Township, South, Range 25 East, Collier County, Florida, further bounded and described as follows: Commencing at the center of said section 2, Township 50 South, Range 25 East, Collier County, Florida; thence along the North and South line of said Section 2, S 0 degrees 26'20" E 30.00 feet southerly right-of-way line of North Road and a concrete monument for a Place of Beginning; thence along said right-of-way N 89 degrees 38'10" E 664.90 feet, to the East line of the West % of Lot 21, Naples Grove and Truck Company's Little Farms Number 2, as recorded in Plat Book 1, Page 27 of the Public Records of Collier County, Florida; thence along said East line and its extension S 0 degrees 32'15" E 641.80 feet to a concrete monument; thence continuing S 0 degrees 32'15" E 20 feet more or less to the Approximate Mean High Water line of Rock Creek; thence meandering along said Approximate Mean High Water line Southwesterly, Westerly, Northwesterly and Southeasterly to the North and South % line of said Section 2; thence along said North and South % line N 0. Degrees 26'20" W 184.00 more or less to a concrete monument; thence continuing N 0 degrees 26'20" W 645.56 feet to the Place of Beginning. Lying in the West % of Lot 21, the West % of Lot 22, and that part of the West% of Lot 23 lying North of Rock Creek of said Naples Grove and Truck Company's Little Farms No. 2. AIK/A 2250 North Road, Naples FL 34104 12-09-1952 AERIAL MAP F r Y 1� i 1e F � 4 % • � 1 it �. • +� .l . h.� �� . rw `t Y ir Ids", - 1 1�3 ,■ � S INFO & 6L R . � lk r Y•! ■f + r -,-.k 4w ` n 19 This record search is for informational purposes only and does NOT constitute a project review. This search only identifies resources recorded at the Florida Master Site File and does NOT provide project approval from the Division of Historical Resources. Contact the Compliance and Review Section of the Division of Historical Resources at CompliancePermits@dos.MyFlorida.com for project review information. March 4, 2022 Josephine Medina, AICP Project Manager RVi Planning + Landscape Architecture 28100 Bonita Grande Dr, Suite 305 • Bonita Springs, FL 34135 In response to your request of March 4, 2022, the Florida Master Site File lists no cultural resources recorded at 2250 North Road, west of Airport -Pulling Road and on the south side of North Road within Section 2 / Township 50 South / Range 25 East, Collier County, Florida. When interpreting the results of this search, please considert ie lowing m orbienation: as a single • This search area may contain unrecorded archaeological sites, historical structures or other resources even if previously surveyed for cultural resources. • Because vandalism and looting are common at Florida sites, we ask that you limit the distribution of location information on archaeological sites. • While many of our records document historically significant resources, the documentation of a resource at the Florida Master Site File does not necessarily mean the resource is historically significant. • Federal, state and local laws require formal environmental review for most projects. This search DOES NOT constitute such a review. If your project falls under these laws, you should contact the Compliance and Review Section of the Division of Historical Resources at CompliancePermitskdos.MyFlorida.com Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions regarding the results of this search. Kind Regards, Eman M. Vovsi, Ph.D. Sr. Data Base Analyst Florida Master Site File Eman. Vovsi(cr�,DOS.MyFlorida. com 500 South Bronough Street • Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 www.flheritage.com/preservation/sitefile 850.245.6440 ph 1 850.245.6439 fax SiteFile@dos.state.fl.us J 4 , - ��S.yiin yr•a♦ - ..... - ...s_q ,yam _ �► I -•Y � � _,��•�, IJI Nt qv 0 All Bey✓ 1 L L ' . •.s tl ' �I o - o i�o D o o o - -{o pp, [Edaw ' . - o o , mm°�� D , WD& , ' - o poo Dmm' �1GIlCoJ f �P ` FLUCCS CODE AND VEGETATION INVENTORY FLUCCS CODE (Description) Common Name Scientific Name Indicator Status 612 Mangroves - Shorebank This habitat is the interface between the project site and Rock Creek. The area is vegetated with Black mangroves and Australian pine. There are pockets of with mangroves the pockets of exotics along the shoreline. Black mangroves Avicennia germinana OBL Brazilian pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Exotic Cabbage palm Sabal palmetto FAC Shoebutton ardisia Ardisia elliptica Exotic Wedelia Wedelia trilobata Nuisance Red Mangroves Rhizophora mangle OBL Leather ferns Acrostichum aureum OBL Mangrove rubber Rhabdadenia b flora Vine Australian pine Casuarina equisetifolia Exotic 438 Mixed Hardwoods Exotics Dominated Portions of this area have been previously cleared. The site has a home and a warehouse on the premises. The site is disturbed by dense exotics as canopy, midstory and ground cover. The canopy does have some native trees such as Slash pines and live oaks. There are some areas with soil disturbance. Remnant fencing and cross fencing from some past animal husbandry can be seen. The entire site has been impacted by homesteading and exotic vegetation. At times these exotics form impenetrable strands. Slash pine Pinus elliotti FACW Cabbage palm Sabal palmetto FAC laurel oak Quercus laurifolia FACW Live oak Quercus virginiana FACU Australian pine Casuarina equisetifolia Exotic Strangler fig Ficus aurea FAC Ear leaf acacia Acacia auriculiformis Exotic Banyan Ficus benghalensis Exotic Brazilian pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Exotic java plum Syzygium cumini Exotic Woman tongue Albizia lebbeck Exotic cocoplum Chrysobalanus icaco FACW wax myrtle Myrica cerifera FAC+ Broom sedge Andropogon virginicus FAC- Flat sedge Cyperus ligularis FACW CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF THE COLLIER ROD AND GUN CLUB AT THE PRESERVE, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Performed for: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, Florida 34105 Prepared by: Iza Florida's First Choice in Cultural Resource Management Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 (941) 379-6206 February 2022 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF THE COLLIER ROD AND GUN CLUB AT THE PRESERVE, COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA Performed for: Peninsula Engineering 2600 Golden Gate Parkway Naples, Florida 34105 Conducted by: Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 Maranda Almy Kles - Project Manager Elizabeth A. Horvath - Project Archaeologist Katherine Baar — Archaeologist Kimberly M. Irby — Project Architectural Historian Savannah Young — Architectural Historian February 2022 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a cultural resource assessment survey (CRAS) of the ±2,318-acre Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Property in Collier County for Peninsula Engineering. The Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Property is located south of Oil Well Road and east of State Road 29. The Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Property consists of three separate projects. One project will be a Compact Rural Development, consisting of 225 privately owned residential units (cabins) on 259.6-acres. In addition to the cabins, accessory recreational amenities will be provided for residents/guests. A main lodge will also be constructed consisting of a restaurant/bar, a retail market, fitness center and spa. A network of pedestrian/ golf cart trails will be provided throughout the development with connections to the abutting golf course/sports club. Another project will be a private golf course, sporting clays, archery, camping areas (rental cottages) and other outdoor recreational amenities on f1,053-acres. Each cabin purchase will require the purchase of a golf course/sports club membership if that portion of the project is constructed. Finally, residential homes will be constructed on lots approximately 50-acres in size. This work was completed in December 2021 as due diligence in anticipation of permitting requirements. The purpose of this CRAS was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 CFR Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the "geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist." Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. The archaeological APE was defined as the project footprint. The survey was conducted in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and its implementing regulations in 36 CRF Part 800: Protection of Historic Properties. It also complies with the provisions contained in Chapter 267 and 373, Florida Statutes (FS). It was conducted in conformity with the standards contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resources' (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual (FDHR 2003). In addition, this study meets the specifications set forth in Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code. The Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Historic Preservation Professional Qualification Standards (48 FR 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Background research and a review of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) and the NRHP indicated that no previously recorded archaeological sites are within the APE, and only one has been recorded within one mile. The property was considered to have generally low prehistoric archaeological potential except in the area of Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate sands proximate to a water source. The field investigations, which included the excavation of 232 shovel tests, discovered two new historic archaeological sites within the APE. 8CR01614 is a small historic trash dump and 8CR01615 is a collection of old vehicles and parts. Neither appears to be a significant cultural resource, given the low research potential and lack of critical features. No prehistoric archaeological sites were found. Historic background research, including a review of the FMSF and the NRHP, indicated that one historic resource (8CR00670) was previously recorded within the APE. This includes one structure, the Sunniland Field — [Well] #12 (8CR00670). The resource was first recorded in 1986 and has not been evaluated by the SHPO. A review of relevant historic United States Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle maps, historic aerial photographs, and the Collier County property appraiser's website data revealed the potential for three new historic resources 50 years of age or older (constructed in 1972 or earlier) within the APE (Skinner 2022). Historic/architectural field survey resulted in the identification and evaluation of three newly identified historic resources (8CR01620, 8CR01621, 8CR01622) and the identification and re- evaluation of one previously recorded historic resource (8CR00670) within the APE. These include the Sunniland Quarry Rural Historic Landscape (8CR01620), two outbuildings with no style (8CR01621 and 8CR01622), and the Sunniland Field — Well #12 Rural Historic Landscape (8CR00670), constructed between circa (ca.) 1954 and 1962. Overall, the newly identified Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620) is a common rock quarry found throughout southwest Florida and the two outbuildings with no style (8CR01621 and 8CR01622) lack sufficient architectural details. These newly identified historic resources are not significant embodiments of a type, period, or method of construction. In addition, background research did not reveal any historic associations with significant persons and/or events. The previously recorded resource, the Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) is associated with the first successful oil field in the State of Florida. Despite this association, the historic integrity of the resource has been destroyed through alterations and removal of equipment. The vast majority of the oil tanks and equipment associated with Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) have been removed from the site, as well as the pumpjack. As such, the resource does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A for its association with early oil drilling efforts in Florida as the overall integrity of the resource has been destroyed. Similarly, the remaining tanks and concrete slabs within Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) do not appear to retain sufficient integrity for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C in the Area of Engineering as the majority of the primary equipment — including the pumpjack — has been removed from the well site. Thus, the resource does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as a part of a historic district. Given the results of background research and field survey, including the excavation of 232 shovel tests, two archaeological sites (8CR01614, 8CR01615) were identified. The historic archaeological sites appear to be ineligible for listing in the NRHP due to their low research potential. As a result of the historical/architectural field survey, three historic resources (8CR01620, 8CR01621, 8CR01622) were newly identified, recorded, and evaluated, and one previously recorded historic resource (8CR00670) was identified and re-evaluated within the APE. Overall, the historic resources do not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as a part of a historic district. As such, there are no cultural resources that are listed, eligible for listing, or that appear potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the APE. Therefore, it is the professional opinion of ACI that the proposed undertaking will result in no historic properties affected. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1-1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING.........................................................................................2-1 2.1 Project Location and Setting.....................................................................................2-1 2.2 Physiography and Geology.......................................................................................2-1 2.3 Soils and Vegetation..................................................................................................2-3 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations..........................................................................2-6 3.0 CULTURE HISTORY.........................................................................................................3-1 3.1 Paleoindian................................................................................................................3-2 3.2 Archaic......................................................................................................................3-2 3.3 Glades........................................................................................................................3-4 3.4 Colonialism...............................................................................................................3-5 3.5 Territorial and Statehood...........................................................................................3-7 3.6 Civil War and Aftermath.........................................................................................3-10 3.7 Twentieth Century...................................................................................................3-13 3.8 APE Specifics..........................................................................................................3-16 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS .....................................................4-1 4.1 Background Research and Literature Review...........................................................4-1 4.2 Archaeological Considerations..................................................................................4-1 4.3 Historical Considerations..........................................................................................4-5 4.4 Field Methodology .......................... .......................................................................... 4-6 4.5 Inadvertent/Unanticipated Discoveries.....................................................................4-7 4.6 Laboratory Methods/Curation...................................................................................4-7 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS......................................................................................5-1 5.1 Archaeological..........................................................................................................5-1 5.2 Historical...................................................................................................................5-6 5.3 Conclusions.............................................................................................................5-12 6.0 REFERENCES CITED.......................................................................................................6-1 APPENDICES Appendix A FMSF Forms Appendix B Survey Log iii LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND PHOTOGRAPHS Figure Figure 1.1. Location of the APE, Collier County . .......................................................................... 1-2 Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE................................................................................ 2-2 Figure2.2. Soil type distribution . ................................................................................................... 2-5 Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions................................................................................... 3-1 Figure 3.2. 1839 Mackay and Blake map showing the approximate location of the APE..............3-8 Figure 3.3. 1856 Ives map showing the APE................................................................................3-10 Figure 3.4. 1876 plat showing the APE........................................................................................ 3-11 Figure 3.5. 1947 Copeland map showing the APE....................................................................... 3-15 Figure 3.6. 1958 quad map showing the APE...............................................................................3-15 Figure 3.7. 1980 aerial photograph showing the APE.................................................................. 3-17 Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded cultural resources proximate to the APE ............ 4-2 Figure 4.2. Distribution of sites by elevation (ft amsl)................................................................... 4-3 Figure 5.1. Location of the shovel tests and cultural resources within the APE ............................. 5-2 Figure 5.2. Location of the cars and parts within 8CRO1615......................................................... 5-4 Figure 5.3. 1973 aerial photograph depicting Sunniland Field — Well #12 prior to the removal of the oil pump and the majority of the associated equipment/tanks ............................ 5-9 Table Table2.1. Soil types within the APE.............................................................................................2-4 Table 4.1. Distribution of sites by water type and distance...........................................................4-3 Table 4.2. Distribution of sites by drainage and soil types............................................................4-4 Photo Photo 2.1. Pasture with cypress swamp in the background . .......................................................... 2-1 Photo2.2. Quarry pond.................................................................................................................. 2-3 Photo 2.3. Berm with citrus in a hammock....................................................................................2-3 Photo 5.1. Setting of 8CR01614, facing southwest . ...................................................................... 5-1 Photo 5.2. Appliance and other debris at the site........................................................................... 5-3 Photo 5.3. General setting of 8CR01615, facing south..................................................................5-3 Photo5.4. Car 1............................................................................................................................. 5-4 Photo5.5. Cars 2, 3, and 4 - parts.................................................................................................. 5-5 Photo5.6. Car 5 - parts . ................................................................................................................. 5-5 Photo5.7. Car 8............................................................................................................................. 5-5 Photo5.8. Car 10........................................................................................................................... 5-6 Photo5.9. Car 11........................................................................................................................... 5-6 Photo 5.10. Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670), looking southwest ...................................... 5-7 Photo 5.11. Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670), looking south ............................................. 5-8 Photo 5.12. Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620), looking southeast.....................................................5-10 Photo 5.13. Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620), looking north........................................................... 5-10 Photo 5.14. 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 1) (8CR01621), looking south...........................................5-11 Photo 5.15. 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 2) (8CR01622), looking south...........................................5-12 iv 1.0 INTRODUCTION Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a cultural resource assessment survey (CRAS) of the ::L2,318-acre Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Property in Collier County for Peninsula Engineering. The Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Property is located south of Oil Well Road and east of State Road 29. The Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Property consists of three separate projects. One project will be a Compact Rural Development, consisting of 225 privately owned residential units (cabins) on 259.6-acres. In addition to the cabins, accessory recreational amenities will be provided for residents/guests. A main lodge will also be constructed consisting of a restaurant/bar, a retail market, fitness center and spa. A network of pedestrian/ golf cart trails will be provided throughout the development with connections to the abutting golf course/sports club. Another project will be a private golf course, sporting clays, archery, camping areas (rental cottages) and other outdoor recreational amenities on f1,053-acres. Each cabin purchase will require the purchase of a golf course/sports club membership if that portion of the project is constructed. Finally, residential homes will be constructed on lots approximately 50-acres in size. This work was completed in December 2021 as due diligence in anticipation of permitting requirements. The purpose of this CRAS was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 CFR Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the "geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist." Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. The archaeological APE was defined as the project footprint. The survey was conducted in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and its implementing regulations in 36 CRF Part 800: Protection of Historic Properties. It also complies with the provisions contained in Chapter 267 and 373, Florida Statutes (FS). It was conducted in conformity with the standards contained in the FDHR's Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual (FDHR 2003). In addition, this study meets the specifications set forth in Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code. The Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Historic Preservation Professional Qualification Standards (48 FR 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Background research preceded the field investigations. Such research provides and informed set of expectation as to the types and locations of resources expected within the APE. In addition, the data can be used to assess the significance of any sites discovered. ACI 1-1 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 0 0.25 0.5 Miles I I I E—i 0 0.5 1 Kilometers 3 N o ,APE n N Q Coil Wall k:. ark land 29 University of South Florida, County of Collier, FDEP, Esri, HERE, Garmin, SafeGraph, METIINASA, USGS, EPA, NPS, USDA, Esri, CGIAR, USGS, University of South Florida, FDEP, Esri, HERE, Garmin, FAO, NOAA, USGS, EPA, NIPS. 2020. Figure I.I. Location of the APE, Collier County. ACI 1-2 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Environmental factors such as geology, topography, relative elevation, soils, vegetation, and water are important in determining where archaeological sites are likely to be located. These variables influenced what types of resources were available in a given area, which in turn influenced decisions regarding settlement location and land -use patterns. Because of the influence of these environmental factors upon the inhabitants, a discussion of the environment is included. 2.1 Proiect Location and Setting The ::L2318-acre APE is located in Sections 23 and 24 of Township 48 South, Range 29 East and Sections 18-20 and 29-32 of Township 48 South, Range 30 East (United States Geological Survey [USGS] Immokalee SW and Sunniland 2013) in Collier County, Florida. The APE is south of Oil Well Road and west of State Road 29 (Figure 2.1). The property is nearly level, partially forested, with open fields, cattle pastures, swamps, wetlands, and quarry ponds (Figures 2.1-2.3). Elevation ranges from three to five meters (15-20 feet) above mean sea level. Photo 2.1. Pasture with cypress swamp in the background. 2.2 Physiography and Geology According to White (1970), Collier County is included in the southern, or distal, physiographic zone, and more specifically, the APE is within the Southwest Slope physiographic zone. The APE is underlain by the Tamiami formation and shelly sediments of the Plio-Pleistocene, which is surficially evidenced by shelly sand and clay or limestone (Florida Department of Environmental Protection [FDEP] 2001a, 2001b). ACI 2-1 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 APE t;/ 1 ` i 17 4P- 4 er ja 24 PA —�+— 0 0.25 0.5 Miles -- Copyright© 2013 Natiignalgeo'graphic Society, i-cubed. USGS 0 0.5 1 Immokalee SW &,Sun , nd.. - Kilometers - - - Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE. ACI 2-2 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Photo 2.2. Quarry pond. Photo 2.3. Berm with citrus in a hammock. 2.3 Soils and Vegetation According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the APE is situated within three soil associations: Immokalee-Oldsmar-Basinger, Holopaw-Wabasso-Winder, and Pineda-Boca- Hallandale (Liudahl et al. 1998). These are soils that occur in flatwoods, hammocks, and sloughs. The Immokalee-Oldsmar-Basinger soil association is characterized by nearly level, poorly drained soils on flatwoods and in sloughs. The native vegetation of the flatwoods consists of saw palmetto and scattered areas of South Florida slash pine, waxmyrtle, and gallberry. The natural vegetation in the sloughs consists of scattered areas of slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, saw palmetto, wax myrtle, sand ACI 2-3 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 cordgrass, pineland threeawn, panicums, and chalky bluestem. The Holopaw-Wabasso-Winder association is characterized by nearly level, poorly and very poorly drained sandy soils that have a loamy subsoil. It occurs on flatwoods, in sloughs, and in small, closed depressions. The natural vegetation of the flatwoods is saw palmetto and scattered areas of South Florida slash pine, gallberry, and waxmyrtle. The sloughs support scattered areas of South Florida slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, saw palmetto, waxmyrtle, sand cordgrass, pineland threeawn, panicums, and chalky bluestem. The Pineda-Boca-Hallandale soil association consists of nearly level, poorly drained soils in the sloughs and on flatwoods. The native vegetation in the sloughs is scattered South Florida slash pine, scrub cypress, cabbage palm, sand cordgrass, panicum, and chalky bluestem. The vegetation on the flatwoods consists of saw palmetto, scattered areas of South Florida slash pine, waxmyrtle, pineland threeawn, and cabbage palm. Table 2.1 provides a list of the specific soil types within the APE and their locations are depicted on Figure 2.2. Table 2.1. Soil types within the APE. Soil type, % slopes Drainage Setting Basinger fine sand Poor Sloughs and poorly defined draina ewa s Boca fine sand Poor Flatwoods Boca, Riviera, is & Copeland fine sands, de r Very poor Depressions, cypress swamps, and marshes Chobee, Winder & Gator soils, der Very poor Depressions and marshes Ft. Drum and Malabar, high, fine sand Poor Ridges along sloughs Hallandale & Boca fine sands Poor Sloughs and poorly defined draina ewa s Hallandale fine sand Poor Flatwoods Hilolo, Jupiter & Margate fine sands Poor Hammocks and flatwoods Holopaw and Okeelanta soils, der Very poor Depressions and marshes Holopaw fine sand Poor Sloughs and poorly defined draina ewa s Holopaw fine sand, limestone substratum is poor Sloughs and broad, poorly defined draina ewa s Immokalee fine sand Poor Flatwoods Malabar fine sand Poor Sloughs and poorly defined draina ewa s Oldsmar fine sand Poor Flatwoods Oldsmar fine sand, is Poor Flatwoods Pineda fine sand, is Poor Sloughs and poorly defined draina ewa s Urban land-Matlacha-Boca complex Urban areas & rock quarries Wabasso fine sand Poor Flatwoods The soils support different vegetative regimes, which in turn provide habitats for the local animal population, and thus providing essential food resources. The Natural Vegetation of Florida map indicates that the APE is in pine flatwoods and cypress swamp forests (Davis 1980). Soils have variable suitability for openland, woodland, and wetland habitats. The habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland, pasture, meadows, and areas that are overgrown with grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas produce grain and seed crops, grasses, and legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. The wildlife attracted to these areas include bobwhite quail, dove, sandhill crane, meadowlark, field sparrow, and cottontail. Boca, Malabar -high, Hilolo, Holopaw, Holopaw-Is, Oldsmar, Oldsmar -Is, and Pineda-Is are rated fair for openlands. Woodland wildlife habitat includes area of deciduous plants or coniferous plants or both and associated grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife attracted to these areas include turkey, barred owls, thrushes, woodpeckers, squirrels, gray fox, racoon, and white-tailed deer. Ft. Drum, Holopaw, Holopaw-Is, Oldsmar, Oldsmar -Is, and Wabasso sands area rated fair for woodland habitats. The habitat for wetland wildlife includes areas of open, marshy, or swampy, shallow water areas. Wildlife in these areas include ducks, egrets, herons, shore birds, ibis, otter, and alligators. Boca, Riviera -Is, Copeland, Chobee, Winder, Gator, Hilolo, Margate, and Holopaw-Okeelanta soils are ACI 2-4 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 well suited to wetland habitats; Basinger, Boca, Malabar -high, Hallandale, Margate, Holopaw, Holopaw-la, Malabar, Pineda-Is, and Riviera -Is are rated fair (Liudahl et al. 1998: Table 6). POORLY DRAINED - BASINGER FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - BOCA FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES -POORLY DRAINED - FT. DRUM-MALABAR, HIGH ASSOCIATION, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - HALLANDALE FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES -POORLY DRAINED - HALLANDALE-BOCA FINE SANDS ASSOCIATION, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES -POORLY DRAINED - HILOLO, JUPITER, AND MARGATE FINE SANDS -POORLY DRAINED - HOLOPAW FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES -POORLY DRAINED - HOLOPAW FINE SAND, LIMESTONE SUBSTRATUM, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES -POORLY DRAINED - IMMOKALEE FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - MALABAR FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - OLDSMAR FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - OLDSMAR FINE SAND, LIMESTONE SUBSTRATUM, 0 TO 1 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - PINEDA FINE SAND, LIMESTONE SUBSTRATUM, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - RIVIERA FINE SAND, LIMESTONE SUBSTRATUM, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES POORLY DRAINED - WABASSO FINE SAND, 0 TO 2 PERCENT SLOPES VERY POORLY DRAINED - BOCA, RIVIERA, LIMESTONE SUBSTRATUM, AND COPELAND FINE SANDS, DEPRESSIONAL VERY POORLY DRAINED - CHOBEE, WINDER, AND GATOR SOILS, DEPRESSIONAL VERY POORLY DRAINED - HOLOPAW-OKEELANTA, FREQUENTLY PONDED, ASSOCAITION, 0 TO i PERCENT SLOPES - URBAN LAN D-MATLACHA- BOCA COMPLEX N _ WATER A -1 _viG t [D APE ` 0 0.5 1 km Figure 2.2. Soil type distribution. ACI 2-5 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve February 2022 P21149 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations The early environment of the region was different from that seen today. Sea levels were lower, the climate was arid, and fresh water was scarce. An understanding of human ecology during the earliest periods of human occupation in Florida cannot be based on observations of the modern environment because of changes in water availability, botanical communities, and faunal resources. Aboriginal inhabitants would have developed cultural adaptations in response to the environmental changes taking place, which were then reflected in settlement patterns, site types, artifact forms, and subsistence economies. Due to and conditions between 16,500 and 12,500 years ago, the perched water aquifer and potable water supplies were absent. Palynological studies conducted in Florida and Georgia suggest that between 13,000 and 5000 years ago, this area was covered with an upland vegetation community of scrub oak and prairie (Watts 1969, 1971, 1975). However, the environment was not static. Evidence recovered from the inundated Page-Ladson Site in north Florida has clearly demonstrated that there were two periods of low water tables and dry climatic conditions and two episodes of elevated water tables and wet conditions (Dunbar 2006b). By 5000 years ago, a climatic event marking a brief return to Pleistocene climatic conditions induced a change toward more open vegetation. Southern pine forests replaced the oak savannahs. Extensive marshes and swamps developed along the coasts and subtropical hardwood forests became established along the southern tip of Florida (Delcourt and Delcourt 1981). Northern Florida saw an increase in oak species, grasses, and sedges (Carbone 1983). In south central Florida, pollen cores were dominated by wax myrtle and pine. The assemblage suggests that by this time, a forest dominated by longleaf pine along with cypress swamps and bayheads were present (Watts 1971, 1975). About 5000 years ago, surface water was plentiful in karst terrains and the level of the Floridan aquifer rose to 1.5 m (5 ft) above present levels. With the establishment of warmer winters and cooler summers than in the preceding early Holocene, the fire -adapted pine communities prevailed. These depend on the high summer precipitation caused by the thunderstorms and the accompanying lightning strikes to spark the fires (Watts et al. 1996; Watts and Hansen 1994). The increased precipitation also resulted in the formation of the large swamp systems such as the Okefenokee and Everglades (Gleason and Stone 1994). After this time, modern floral, climatic, and environmental conditions began to be established. ACI 2-6 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 3.0 CULTURE HISTORY A discussion of the culture history the region provides a framework within which the local archaeological and historic record can be examined. Archaeological and historic sites are not individual entities but are the remains of once dynamic cultural systems. As a result, they cannot be adequately examined or interpreted without reference to other sites and resources in the area. In general, the culture history of an area (i.e., an archaeological region) outlines the sequence of archaeological cultures through time. These cultures are defined largely in geographical terms but also reflect shared environmental and cultural factors. The project area is situated at the interface of the Caloosahatchee and Glades archaeological regions (Carr and Beriault 1984; Griffin 2002) (Figure 3.1). It should be noted that this regional assignment is one of several competing interpretations for the area, and Griffin (2002) supplies an excellent discussion of alterative groupings. Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeological Regions. The area is better understood after the introduction of pottery (ca. 500 BCE [Before Common Era]). Prior to this, regional characteristics of native populations are not easily identified, as malleable materials such as textiles and basketry, which lend themselves to cultural expression, are typically destroyed by environmental processes. With the arrival of pottery, the clay provided both a means of cultural expression and an archaeologically durable artifact. Thus, the use of pottery as a marker of cultural diversity probably post-dates the inception of distinct Florida cultures by many centuries. The local history of the region is divided into four broad periods named with reference to the prevailing governmental powers or historical trends. The first period, Colonialism, occurred during the exploration and control of Florida by the Spanish and British from around 1513 until 1821. At that time, Florida became a territory of the United States and 21 years later became a State (Territorial and Statehood). The Civil War and Aftermath (1861-1899) period covers the Civil War, the period of ACI 3-1 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Reconstruction following the war, and the late 1800s, when the transportation systems were dramatically increased and development throughout the state expanded. The Twentieth Century period has subperiods based on important historic events such as the World Wars, the Boom of the 1920s, and the Depression. Each of these periods evidenced differential development and utilization of the region, thus effecting the historic archeological site distribution. 3.1 Paleoindian Current archaeological evidence indicates that the earliest human occupation of the Florida peninsula dates back some 13,500 years ago or ca. 11,500 BCE (Widmer 1988). The earliest occupation is referred to as the Paleoindian period, which lasted until approximately 7000 BCE. During this time, the climate of South Florida was much drier than today. Sea level was 80 to 130 m (260-425 ft) lower than present, and the coast extended approximately 160 kilometers (km) (100 miles [mil) seaward on the Gulf coast. With lower sea levels, today's well -watered inland environments were and uplands (Milanich 1994). Lake Okeechobee, the Caloosahatchee, Myakka, and Peace Rivers, the Big Cypress, and the Everglades were probably dry. Because of drier global conditions and little or no surface water available for evaporation, Florida's rainfall was much lower than at present (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980). Potable water was obtainable at sinkholes where the lower water table could be reached. Plant and animal life were also more diverse around the oases that were frequented by both people and game animals (Milanich 1994; Widmer 1988). Thus, the prevailing environmental conditions were largely uninviting to human habitation during the Paleoindian period (Griffin 2002). Given the inhospitable climate, it is not surprising that the population was sparse and Paleoindian sites are uncommon in south Florida. Exceptions include two sites to the north in Sarasota County, Little Salt Springs (Clausen et al. 1979) and Warm Mineral Springs (Clausen et al. 1975a, 1975b; Cockrell and Murphy 1978) and one site to the southeast, Cutler Fossil Site, in Dade County (Carr 1986). Archaeologists hypothesize that this period was characterized by small groups utilizing a hunting and gathering mode of subsistence. Dunbar (2006a:540) suggests that Paleoindians identified and migrated to "unexploited resource -rich areas" of food. Permanent sources of water, scarce during this time, were very important in settlement selection as well (Daniel and Wisenbaker 1987). This settlement model, often referred to as the Oasis Hypothesis (Milanich 1994:41), has a high correlation with geologic features in southern Florida such as deep sink holes like those noted in Sarasota and Dade counties. Sites of this period are most readily identified based on distinctive lanceolate shaped stone projectile points including those of the Simpson and Suwannee types (Bullen 1975). The tool assemblage also included items manufactured of bone, wood, and very likely leather, as well as plant fibers (Clausen et al. 1979). 3.2 Archaic The succeeding Archaic period is divided into three temporal periods: Early Archaic (ca. 7000 to 5000 BCE), Middle Archaic (ca. 5000 to 2000 BCE), and the Late Archaic (ca. 2000 to 500 BCE). According to Widmer (1988), the extreme aridity of the south Florida region during the Early Archaic period may have led to the abandonment of the area. Sites of the Early Archaic and Middle Archaic are not common in southern Florida. In a recent archaeological context, James Pepe confirms the locations of three Early Archaic and 13 Middle Archaic sites in the 13 county Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) area (Janus Research 2008). Initially, the settlement patterns and tools of the Early Archaic were similar to those of the preceding Paleoindian period, but through time, more wetland habitats began to emerge. ACI 3-2 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 During the Archaic, marked environmental changes occurred that had profound influence upon human settlement and subsistence practices. Humans adapted to this changing environment and regional differences are reflected in the archaeological record (Russo 1994a, 1994b; Sassaman 2008). Among the landscape alterations were rises in sea and water table levels that resulted in the creation of more available surface water. It was during this period that Lake Okeechobee, the Everglades, the Big Cypress Swamp, and the Caloosahatchee and Peace Rivers formed. In addition, hydrological changes, this period is characterized by the spread of mesic forests and the beginnings of modern vegetation communities including pine forests and cypress swamps (Griffin 2002; Widmer 1988). Two Early Archaic horizons, the Bolen and the Kirk, have been identified (Janus Research 2008). The main diagnostic markers for the Bolen Early Archaic are side -notched projectile points such as the Bolen and Greenbriar types (Austin 1997; Bullen 1975) as well as Kirk Corner -Notched (Farr 2006). Other stone artifacts include adzes, Edgefield scrapers, end scrapers, spokeshaves with graver spurs, side scrapers, and Waller knives (Purdy 1981). In southern Florida, the archaeological record for the Middle Archaic is better known than the Early Archaic. Among the material culture inventory are several varieties of stemmed, broad blade projectile points including those of the Newnan, Levy, Marion, and Putnam types (Bullen 1975). At sites where preservation is good, such as sinkholes and ponds, an elaborate bone tool assemblage is recognized along with shell tools and complicated weaving (Beriault et al. 1981; Wheeler 1994). In addition, artifacts have been found in the surrounding upland areas, such as the upland palmetto and pine flatwoods surrounding the Bay West Site (Beriault et al. 1981). Along the coast, excavations on both Horr's Island in Collier County and Useppa Island in Lee County (Milanich et al. 1984; Russo 1991) have uncovered pre -ceramic shell middens that date to the Middle Archaic period. The Horr's Island shell ring is accompanied by at least three ceremonial mounds. Large architectural features such as these were designed to divide, separate, and elevate above other physical positions within the settlement as a reflection and reinforcement of the social segmentation within society (Russo 2008:21). Mortuary sites, characterized by interments in shallow ponds and sloughs, as discovered at the Little Salt Springs Site in Sarasota County (Clausen et al. 1979) and the Bay West Site in Collier County (Beriault et al. 1981), are also distinctive of the Middle Archaic. The beginning of the Late (or Ceramic) Archaic period is similar to the Middle Archaic but includes the addition of pottery. The earliest pottery in the south Florida region is fiber -tempered (Orange Plain and Orange Incised), as represented at sites on Key Marco (Cockrell 1970; Widmer 1974). Projectile points of the Late Archaic are primarily stemmed and corner -notched, and include the Culbreath, Clay, and Lafayette types (Bullen 1975). Other Late Archaic lithic tools included hafted scrapers and ovate and triangular -shaped knives (Milanich and Fairbanks 1980) Essentially modern environmental conditions were reached by the beginning of the Late Archaic period, when freshwater resources were available throughout southern Florida. Sea levels continued to rise slightly during the post Archaic periods, inundating small knolls located along the edge of the Everglades in the process (Carr et al. 1991:125-126; Wheeler 2004:49). The emergence of stable coastal environments led to greater estuarine richness, which permitted larger human populations and regionalization of cultures as people adapted to specific habitats (Milanich 1994:83). The South Florida Native Americans increased their reliance on marine resources in coastal areas and expanded hunting, fishing, and plant collection throughout the interior (Carr 2002:195). Until recently, variations of Bullen's chronology for the Late Archaic Orange culture in northeastern Florida were generally used for the Late Archaic in southern Florida. Fiber -tempered pottery, the earliest known for all of North America, was considered a marker for the ceramic portion of the Late Archaic. The use of this standard fiber -tempered sequence for the Late Archaic in southern ACI 3-3 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Florida has come into question. Based on his research in southwestern Florida, Widmer (1988:68) hypothesized that the earliest Late Archaic sites included "untempered chalky pottery and limestone - tempered pottery as well as the usual fiber -tempered Orange pottery." Austin (1997:136) stated that the "identification of a true Orange Horizon in south Florida is debatable." Instead, what is more common is the presence of "semi -fiber tempered" pottery in the basal levels of middens, "often in association with thick St. Johns Plain or sand tempered plain sherds, and overlying either culturally sterile sands, or sparse scatters of lithic artifacts" (Austin 1996, 1997). Both Widmer and Austin agreed that semi - fiber tempered components at sites throughout southern Florida are "ephemeral" and soon replaced in the archaeological record by components consisting exclusively of sand -tempered pottery (Austin 1997:136; Widmer 1988:72-73). Importantly, it is now becoming clear that many of the ubiquitous faunal bone middens located in the interior wetlands of southern Florida date to the Late Archaic, despite the fact that many of them lack pottery. Such sites are difficult to date because, not only do they often lack chronologically diagnostic artifacts, most of the faunal bone at the sites lacks collagen, which is the datable material in bone samples. Nonetheless, ongoing research by the National Park Service in the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park has yielded dense aceramic faunal bone middens yielding radiocarbon dates between 2800 and 1500 BCE (Schwadron 2006). 3.3 Glades The termination of the Late or Ceramic Archaic corresponds to a time of environmental change. The maturing of productive estuarine systems was accompanied by cultural changes leading to the establishment of what John Goggin originally defined as the "Glades Tradition" (Griffin 2002:148). The Glades Tradition was characterized by "the exploitation of the food resources of the tropical coastal waters, with secondary dependence on game and some use of wild plant foods. Agriculture was apparently not practiced, but pottery was extensively used" (Goggin 1949:28). Unlike much of peninsular Florida, the region does not contain deposits of chert, and as such, stone artifacts are rare. Instead of stone, shell and bone were used as raw materials for tools (Milanich 1994:302). Most information concerning the post-500 BCE aboriginal populations is derived from coastal sites where the subsistence patterns are typified by the extensive exploitation of fish and shellfish, wild plants, and inland game, like deer. Inland sites show a greater reliance on interior wetland resources. Known inland sites often consist of sand burial mounds and shell and dirt middens along major water courses, and small dirt middens containing animal bone and pottery in oak/palm hammocks, or palm tree islands associated with freshwater marshes (Griffin 2002). These islands of dry ground provided space for settlements (Carr 2002). Glades I - Beginning around 500 BCE, fiber -tempered and semi fiber -tempered pottery of the Late Archaic period was replaced by sand -tempered pottery (Glades Plain). This change in tempering agent marks the beginning the Glades cultural tradition. For 700 years, sand -tempered plain pottery dominated the assemblage, but from 200 CE (Common Era) and lasting until 800 CE, Gordon's Pass Incised, Sanibel Incised, and an, as of yet unclassified decorated pottery type, were the predominant decorated types (Carr and Beriault 1984; Griffin 2002). The tremendous increase in Glades I sites within the Big Cypress indicates a dramatic increase in the usage of the area during this time (Widmer 1988), and the geographic extent of the Glades I diagnostics indicates a considerable degree of interchange and interaction (Griffin 2002:154). Glades II - The Glades II era (800 to 1200 CE) is marked by a tremendous diversity in decorated ceramic types. Goggin (n.d.) described the decorations as being "neatly and cleanly cut and ACI 3-4 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 apparently made with swift cutting strokes while the clay is partially dry." Glades IIa (750-900 CE) is identified by the presence of Key Largo Incised, Opa Locka Incised, and Miami Incised. During Glades IIb (900-1100 CE), Key Largo Incised remained the primary decorated ware. The number of sites increased, and the period would appear to be one of "relative stability in technology and subsistence" (Griffin 2002:158). From ca. 1100 to 1200 CE there is conspicuous absence of decorated pottery, and the number of sites drops dramatically (Griffin 2002:158). This cultural hiatus has been correlated to the NeoAtlantic warm period and associated with high sea levels (Fairbridge 1984; Gleason et al. 1984). Glades III - The Glades III era begins with the reintroduction of decorated ceramics; however, the motifs and techniques are noticeably different from previous styles. Glades IIIa (1200-1400 CE) is identified by the appearance of Surfside Incised, St. Johns Check Stamped, and Safety Harbor wares. There is also an accompanying increase in bone ornaments. Then again, ca. 1400 CE, ceramic decoration ceases with the exception of tooled rim types (Griffin 2002:159). Griffin hypothesizes that this ceramic style might have been associated with increasing Calusa influence in the area (Griffin 2002:159). Whereas the earlier cultural periods of the Glades area are defined exclusively by the archaeological record, historical documents provide greater information, including tribal names, for the peoples of the terminal Glades III period. Much of the early historical ethnographic information is derived from the account of Hernando d'Escalante Fontaneda, a Spanish captive of the Calusa (True 1944). During his 17-year captivity, Fontaneda learned of the political structure, economy, social hierarchy, and religion of the south Florida Indians. 3.4 Colonialism The cultural traditions of the native Floridians changed as a result of European expansion into America. The initial events, authorized by the Spanish crown in the 1500s, ushered in devastating European contact. After Ponce de Leon's landing near St. Augustine and circumnavigation of the peninsula in 1513, official Spanish explorations were confined to the west coast of Florida until 1565. Florida's east coast, lacking deep -water harbors like Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor, was left to a few shipwrecked sailors from treasure ships, which, by 1551, sailed through the Straits of Florida on their way to Spain. When the first Europeans arrived in coastal southwest Florida in the 16th century, they encountered the Calusa, a powerful, complex society ruled by a paramount chief. The principal town of the Calusa is thought to have been on Mound Key in Estero Bay. Documents suggest that the Calusa chief ruled over 50 towns, from which he exacted tribute (Widmer 1988). Between 1513 and 1558, Spain launched several expeditions of exploration and ultimately failed, colonization of La Florida. Archaeological evidence of contact can be found in the form of European trade goods such as glass beads, bells, and trinkets recovered from village sites. Prior to the settlement of St. Augustine in 1565, European contact with the indigenous peoples was sporadic and brief; however, the repercussions were devastating. The southeastern Native American population of 1500 has been estimated at 1.5 to 2 million (Dobyns 1983). Following exposure to Old World diseases such as bubonic plague, dysentery, influenza, and smallpox, epidemics to which they had no immunity, the Native American population of America was reduced by as much as 90% (Ramenofsky 1987). The social consequences of such a swift and merciless depopulation were staggering. Within 87 years of Ponce de Leon's landing, the Mississippian cultures of the Southeast collapsed (Smith 1987). In 1708, the Spanish government reported that three hundred refugees were all that remained of the original Florida population (Mulroy 1993). ACI 3-5 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Along the Gulf Coast between Charlotte Harbor and Tampa Bay, Spanish and Cuban anglers established communities, or "ranchos," with the earliest being at Useppa Island and San Carlos Bay (Hammond 1973; Palov 1999). There is growing archaeological evidence that the surviving Native Americans of the region were assimilated into these mixed communities (Almy 2001; Hann 1991; Neill 1968; Palov 1999). These west coast ranchos supplied dried fish to Cuban and northern markets until the mid- 1830s, when the Seminole Indian Wars and customs control closed the fisheries. During the two centuries following the settlement of St. Augustine, the Spanish widened their Florida holdings to include the settlement at Pensacola and a garrison at Saint Marks. With the English to the north and the French to the west, the Spanish colony of La Florida was extremely fragile. In the early 1700s, Spain invited some of the Lower Creek Indians, displaced by British settlements, into La Florida to provide a hostile buffer against the British (Mulroy 1993). What formed as a border population evolved as other bands of Lower Creek extraction moved into the peninsula. This first migration formed a confederation, which included Cowkeeper and his Alachua band, the Apalachicolas, and the Mikasukis (Mulroy 1993). The Treaty of Paris (1763) reallocated the English, French, and Spanish holdings in America. As a result, Florida was ceded to the English. After this, bands of Upper Creek, Muskogee speakers, began moving into Florida, increasing the Native American population to around two thousand by 1790 (Mulroy 1993). Although cultural distinctions existed between the various Native American groups entering Florida, Europeans collectively called them Seminoles: The word Seminole means runaway or broken off. Hence Seminole is a distinctive appellation, applicable to all the Indians in the Territory of Florida, as all of them run away, or broke off, from the Creek or Nuiscoge [Muskogee] nation (U.S. Congress 1837). The Seminoles formed, at various times, loose confederacies for mutual protection against the new American Nation to the north (Tebeau 1980:72) which considered them to be "the wildest and fiercest remnant of a tribe which has been distinguished for their ceaseless opposition to the arts of civilization" (U.S. Congress 1850). The Seminoles were joined by escaped slaves from South Carolina and Georgia (Porter 1996), "many of whom were seduced from the service of their masters" (Jackson et al. 1817-1818). The loss of slave labor, particularly in light of the abolitionists' movement in the northeast, coupled with the anxiety of having a free and hostile slave population immediately to the south, caused great concern among plantation owners. This historically underestimated nuance of the Seminole Wars prompted General Thomas S. Jesup to say "This you may be assured is a negro and not an Indian War" (Knetsch 2003:104). Following the treaty of Paris (1763), the ensuing decades witnessed the American Revolution during which English loyalists immigrated to Florida. Following the Revolution, the second Treaty of Paris (1783) returned Florida to Spain; however, Spanish influence was nominal during this second period of ownership. For the next 36 years, Spain, from the vantage of Florida, watched with growing concern as the infant American Nation to the north gained momentum. When the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803, Spain was hemmed in. When the Seminoles began cross -border raids from Spanish Florida into the United States, General Andrew Jackson was commission to defend the nation. His orders permitted him to cross the international border to pursue Seminoles, but he was to respect Spanish authority. General Jackson's subsequent actions belie either tacit instructions or a personal agenda, as he killed hundreds of indigenous people and runaway slaves, took control of several Spanish garrisons and towns, confiscated the Spanish royal archives, named an American as governor of the area, and announced that the Spanish ACI 3-6 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 economic laws would be replaced by the revenue laws of the United States (Tebeau 1980). This aggression understandably strained relations between the United States and Spain. Spain, who had more pressing concerns with its Central and South American colonies, ceded Florida to the United States in the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 in exchange for the territory west of the Sabine River. 3.5 Territorial and Statehood Andrew Jackson, named provisional governor of Florida, divided the territory into St. Johns and Escambia Counties. At that time, St. Johns County encompassed all of Florida lying east of the Suwannee River, and Escambia County included the land lying to the west. In the first territorial census in 1825, some 317 persons reportedly lived in South Florida; by 1830 that number had risen to 517 (Tebeau 1980:134). Although what became known as the First Seminole War (the cross -border hostilities between the United States and the Seminoles) was fought in north Florida, the Treaty of Moultrie Creek in 1823, at the end of the war, was to affect the settlement of south Florida. In exchange for occupancy of a four - million -acre reservation south of Ocala and north of Charlotte Harbor, the Seminoles relinquished their claim to the remainder of the peninsula (Covington 1958; Mahon 1985). The treaty satisfied neither the Seminoles nor the settlers. The inadequacy of the reservation, the desperate situation of the Seminoles, and the demand of would-be settlers for their removal, produced another conflict. By 1835, the Second Seminole War was underway, initiated with the Seminole attack on Major Dade's company in route to Fort King. Although much of the Second Seminole War occurred in central Florida, as the Seminoles fled southward into the Big Cypress and Everglades, U.S. forces pursued them. In October 1840, U.S. Secretary of War Joel Poinsett advised commander Armistead that the construction of fixed post installations should be discontinued, and temporary depots should be adopted (Knetsch 2003). This new strategy was a direct response to the guerilla -like warfare utilized by the Seminoles and the abandonment of set piece warfare. Because of this directive, the landscape of south Florida was dotted with depots and only slightly more substantial "forts." The forts of south Florida very rarely approximated the size and permanency of forts such as Brooke, King, and Mellon. The Mackay and Blake map from this time shows no features within the APE, but Fort Keais is to the east (Mackay and Blake 1839) (Figure 3.2). Geo-referencing maps from this time is a difficult proposition, thus this figure shows the approximate location of the APE. The federal government ended the Second Seminole War in 1842 by withdrawing troops from Florida. At the war's end, some of the battle -weary Seminoles were persuaded to emigrate to the Oklahoma Indian Reservation where the federal government had set aside land for them. After much political deliberation over the fate of black Seminoles (Knetsch 2003:126), approximately 500 black Seminoles were allowed to accompany the "red Seminoles" west (Porter 1996). Those Seminoles who wished to remain in Florida were allowed to do so, but the reservation boundary was redrawn, reducing Seminole lands to south and west of Lake Istokpoga in Highlands County. To limit contact between the Seminoles and Cuban anglers, the offshore islands were excluded from the territory (Covington 1982:3). The government considered these two and one half million acres "a temporary hunting and planting reserve" (Covington 1982:3) and continued to pressure the remaining Seminoles to leave by "sending a delegation of their tribe, which have emigrated West, to visit their brethren in Florida, and explain to them the advantages of rejoining their tribe" (U.S. Congress 1850). ACI 3-7 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 T - ZV c 4� ti IY C 34 ! t t c — — h — — — 1 x +t3o — J- 4 J Figure 3.2. 1839 Mackay and Blake map showing the approximate location of the APE. In 1845, the Union admitted the State of Florida with Tallahassee as the state capital and survey and exploration of the Big Cypress and Okeechobee areas was intensified. Tension mounted as the Seminoles watched with growing alarm the passage of military patrols and survey parties, and complaints were made to Indian Agent Captain Casey that such activities made hostilities inevitable (Covington 1982:30). Patrols typically found little remaining of previous military installations; however, navigation and location was always in doubt given the limited cartography and featureless swamps. One officer lamented that "The maps represent the shape of the Big Cypress so differently in this portion of it and also the course of the creek Okholoakooche [Okaloacoochee Slough] from what I found that I felt doubts if I had yet reached the right place." On January 22, 1855, Lt. George Hartsuff, appointed topographical engineer and main surveyor, began exploration of the Big Cypress and Everglades. During this time, he helped establish Forts Simon Drum and Shackleford. When the rainy season of June 1855 set in, survey was suspended and Hartsuff began work on his field notes and maps. In a sketch furnished to the War Department, he showed the exact location of many Indigenous villages and noted that he had been into the chief haunt of the Seminoles that contained most of their villages, gardens, and cattle pens (Covington 1982:35). Sampson Forrester, a Black Seminole, provided the following account of the Seminole existence in the swamps: Within the swamp are many pine -islands, upon which the villages are located. They are susceptible of cultivation; and between them is a cypress swamp, the water from two to three feet deep. The Native Americans rely principally upon their crops, which, though small, add much to their comfort. Corn, pumpkins, beans, wild potatoes, and cabbage palmetto, afford subsistence. The scarcity of powder deprives them partially ACI 3-8 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 of game; though bears and turkey are frequently killed with arrows. Discharging a rifle was forbidden, as in a country so flat and wet the reverberation is in abundance; but there they apprehend discovery. A few ponies, cattle, hogs, and chickens are owned by the chief (Tampa Tribune 1955). On December 7, 1855, Lieutenant Hartsuff again set out for the Big Cypress with orders to make reconnaissance and take note of any Seminole fields and settlements (Covington 1982:1). Within a few days, the company found the charred ashes of Forts Simon Drum and Shackelford, which had been abandoned during the rainy season. Every Native American village entered was found to be deserted, and when leaving Billy Bowlegs' village on December 18, 1855, artillerymen took bunches of planted bananas. Later, in the day, the company received orders to return to Fort Myers and they began the trip westward. They camped for the evening in a small grove south of present-day Immokalee; 30 Seminole warriors led by Billy Bowlegs ambushed them at 5:00 AM (Covington 1982:1). In what was perhaps the result of misunderstood aggression, and tragically ill-timed orders (had they only left a day earlier), the Third, and final, Seminole War began. For the following two and a half years, hit and miss skirmishes extended from the Big Cypress and Everglades to Darby in Pasco County and New Smyrna Beach in Volusia County. Through this period, U.S. military strategy ranged from using a poorly disciplined militia, to aggressive campaigns, to truce offerings. After several previous betrayals, the Seminoles did not respond to the latter tactic. By the summer of 1857, the focus was on Billy Bowlegs in the Big Cypress. This effort was greatly aided by the use of shallow draft boats (Covington 1982). When found, villages were burned, fields were destroyed, horses and cattle were slaughtered, and Seminoles captured. As Seminole warriors were occupied hunting or scouting, captured villagers were typically women and children, the wounded, and the elderly. On November 19, 1857, Captain William Cone's company discovered an occupied village. Two Seminole guards were killed and five women, thirteen children, and a wounded warrior were taken prisoner (Covington 1982:72). During the Seminole War, the U.S. Army Engineers surveyed the region south of the Caloosahatchee River. The Ives map depicts numerous forts and trails in this part of the State, including Ft. Keais, which is east of the APE, and several trails may have crossed through the APE (Figure 3.3.) (Ives 1856). After years of running, struggling to provide for his people, and mounting attacks, when possible, Billy Bowlegs finally surrendered to federal forces at Fort Myers. On May 4, 1858, the ship Grey Cloud departed Fort Myers for Egmont Key with 38 warriors and 85 women and children. An additional 45 captives were boarded at Egmont, and the ship set sail for New Orleans where they would depart for Oklahoma. Although some Seminoles remained in the Big Cypress and the Everglades, the U.S. government did not deem it worthy to pursue them. This half-starved and battle -weary population was left to eke out an existence in the south Florida swamps (Covington 1982). As settlers moved into the Big Cypress region, cattle ranching served as one of the major economic activities. Mavericks left by early Spanish explorers such as Desoto and Narva6z provided the stock for the herds raised by the mid -eighteenth century "Cowkeeper" Seminoles. As the Seminoles were pushed further south during the Seminole Wars and their cattle were either sold or left to roam, settlers captured or bought the cattle. By the late 1850s, the cattle industry of southwestern Florida was developing on a significant scale. By 1860, cattle owners from all over Florida drove their herds to Fort Brooke (Tampa) and Punta Rassa for shipment to Cuba, at a considerable profit. During this period, Jacob Summerlin became the first cattle baron of southwest Florida. Known as the "King of the Crackers," his herds ranged from Ft. Meade to Ft. Myers (Covington 1957). ACI 3-9 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Figure 3.3. 1856 Ives map showing the APE. 3.6 Civil War and Aftermath In 1861, Florida followed South Carolina's lead and seceded from the Union as a prelude to the Civil War. Florida had much at stake in this war as evidenced in a report released from Tallahassee in June of 1861. It listed the value of land in Florida at $35,127,721 and the value of the slaves at $29,024,513 (Dunn 1989:59). Although the Union blockaded the coast of Florida during the war, the interior of the state saw very little military action. Florida became one of the major contributors of beef to the Confederate government (Shofner 1995:72). Summerlin originally had a contract with the Confederate government to market thousands of head a year at eight dollars per head. However, by driving his cattle to Punta Rassa and shipping them to Cuba, he received 25 dollars per head (Grismer 1946:83). In an attempt to limit the supply of beef transported to the Confederate government, Union troops stationed at Ft. Myers conducted several raids into the Peace River Valley to seize cattle and destroy ranches. In response, Confederate supporters formed the Cattle Guard Battalion, consisting of nine companies under the command of Colonel Charles J. Mannerlyn (Akerman 1976). The cattle owners and the farmers in the state lived simply. The typical home was a log cabin without windows or chinking, and settlers' diets consisted largely of fried pork, corn bread, sweet potatoes, and hominy. The lack of railway transport to other states, the federal embargo, and the enclaves of Union supporters and Union troops holding key areas such as Jacksonville and Ft. Myers prevented an influx of finished materials. As a result, settlement remained limited until after the Civil War. Immediately following the war, the South underwent a period of "Reconstruction" to prepare the Confederate States for readmission to the Union. The program was administered by the U.S. Congress, and on July 25, 1868, Florida officially returned to the Union. After the war ended, ACI 3-10 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 southerners who faced reconstruction and rebuilding saw Florida as a frontier full of opportunity and welcome. In southwest Florida, settlers first arrived by ones or twos, drifting through the area. Many of the early arrivals, however, were apparently "squatters" (Tebeau 1966:167). In most of the early settlements, development followed the earlier pattern with few settlers, one or two stores, and a lack of available overland transportation. In the 1870s, while the region was still part of Monroe County, settlement of Collier County evolved slowly and in isolated pockets. Immokalee, Everglades City, Chokoloskee, Marco, Caxambas, Goodland, and Naples served as the early centers for settlement (Tebeau 1966:96). These first permanent pioneers were farmers; the hunters and anglers who had preceded them established only temporary camps. As the land was largely impassable, their market was Key West, a growing city which produced almost none of its own food (Tebeau 1966). The Homestead Act, created by Congress in 1862, allowed settlers to obtain title to 160 acres by residing on and working the land. The property had to first be surveyed by the government. It was not until the 1870s that T.S. Stearns and W.L. Apthorp surveyed the lands within Township 48 South, Ranges 29 and 30 East (Apthorp and Stearns 1874a, 1874b). No historic features were identified within or proximate to the APE (Figure 3.4). The sections lines proximate and within the APe were generally described as 3' rate pine and palmetto, with cypress flats and swamps, grass and flag ponds with occasional areas of maple or willow (Apthorp 1872:181-183; Stearns 1874:331-334, 341-350, 477- 488). Xihs lz - s. Township A- 8S,Ran a 2930E, E 1874 v �5-6,27' Se 23. _ 24. -10 — Se ..Z9.% % Se ci 20. ---- s 70 /I l Sec M. _. a 1 4o-10 -- a.s okm t APE 0 Figure 3.4. 1876 plat showing the APE. By the early 1880s, the State of Florida faced a fiscal crisis involving title to public lands. By act of Congress in 1850, the federal government turned over to the states for drainage and reclamation all "swamp and overflow land." Florida received approximately 10,000,000 acres. To manage that land ACI 3-11 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 and the 5,000,000 acres the state had received on entering the Union, the state legislature in 1851 created the Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Fund. In 1855, the legislature established the actual fund (the Florida Internal Improvement Fund), in which state lands were to be held. The fund became mired in debt after the Civil War and under state law no land could be sold until the debt was cleared. In 1881, the Trustees started searching for a buyer capable of purchasing enough acreage to pay off the fund's debt and permit the sale of the remaining millions of acres that it controlled. In 1881, Hamilton Disston, a member of a prominent Pennsylvania saw manufacturing family entered into an agreement with the State of Florida to purchase four million acres of swamp and overflowed land for one million dollars. In exchange, he promised to drain and improve the land. This transaction, which became known as the Disston Purchase, enabled the distribution of large land subsidies to railroad companies, inducing them to begin extensive construction programs for new lines throughout the state. The purchase, although technically legal, was extremely generous with the designation "swamp and overflow land." Grismer (1946) estimates that at least half of the acreage was "high and dry." Disston and the railroad companies, in turn, sold smaller parcels of land to developers and private investors (Tebeau and Carson 1965:252). The land within the APE was deeded to the Plant Investment Company is 1884 and 1888 and the Florida Southern Railway Company in 1886 (State of Florida n.d.-b:272, n.d.- a:162-163). By the late 1880s, squatters were sufficient in numbers to protest when "their land" became the property of Hamilton Disston. Squatters could have purchased the land on which they had taken up residence and constructed improvements, for such a provision was made in the Disston contracts. But the early settlers believed they should each be permitted to homestead 160 acres of high and dry land. They had not been able to do so because the land was designated "swamp and overflowed" and title to it had been transferred to the state (Tebeau 1966:167). Disston's purchase included what is now Naples, and he formed the Florida Land and Improvement Company. In 1886, Charles Adams bought a parcel from Disston which formed the basis for the Naples Town Improvement Company of Tallahassee. When John Williams and Walter Haldeman, both from Kentucky, decided "Naples" was the perfect place to develop a city, they bought the controlling interest in the Naples Town Improvement Company. They reorganized it, gave it new direction, and renamed it the Naples Company. With Haldeman directing the work, the company was ready, by December 1887, to embark into a new period of full-scale town building and improvement including a hotel, churches, and shops. The name "Naples" is attributed to numerous Florida developers' sales schemes to romanticize the Florida peninsula into a pleasant "Italian" seaside resort. Unfortunately, the only activity for the next few years was on paper - the buying and selling of land; little construction took place (Jamro and Lanterman 1985). In 1887, the land, which today is Collier County, became part of the newly created Lee County. It was named for Barron Gift Collier, a Memphis born businessman who promoted the region's development. When Billy Bowlegs departed for Oklahoma, Old Tiger Tail became the de facto leader of the remaining Seminoles. He lived at the headwaters of the Okaloacoochee Slough, and his holdings included cattle, agricultural fields, and Corn Dance Grounds (West 1990). In 1891, under the direction of Amelia S. Quinton, the Women's National Indian Association resolved to establish a mission near Immokalee (then known as Allen's Place) (West 1990). Dr. J.E. Brecht and his wife were hired as missionaries, and the mission consisted of a residence, a schoolhouse, barn, and fenced land. It was as this time that Allen's Place became known as Immokalee (Mikasuki for "home"). A lumber mill was established in 1892 to provide the Native Americans with employment and industrial training, although it burned down the following year (FPS 1986:62). In 1893, the Episcopal Dioceses established a mission for the Seminoles and the federal government established an agency there. The Episcopal Indian Mission held its first service in 1896, though established for the Indians, white settlers made use of the church until 1924 (Tebeau 1966). In 1896, trader Bill Brown established a post on the western ACI 3-12 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 rim of the Everglades. Over time, the missionary activities shifted from Immokalee to Brown's Landing where the Glade Cross Mission was established. As a result, when the Big Cypress Reservation boundaries were drawn, they included the Glade Cross Mission, but Immokalee was excluded. When the reservation was created, Bill Brown's son, Frank, who grew up amongst the Seminoles, was appointed the Agent for the reservation (Brown 1989). 3.7 Twentieth Centur From 1899 until 1914, the Naples Company struggled but the town slowly grew. In 1914, E. W. Crayton, an Ohio real estate developer with a successful record in St. Petersburg, purchased the controlling interest in the company and renamed it the Naples Improvement Company. His direction is credited with leading Naples into the future. In 1925, Naples was incorporated and by 1927, reached by two railroad lines (Dean 1991). In 1911, successful New York City advertiser, Barron Gift Collier, visited Useppa Island. Collier was captivated, "Frankly, I was fascinated with Florida and swept off my feet by what I saw and felt. It was a wonderland with a magic climate, set in a frame of golden sunshine" (Collier County Museum 2010). Over the next decade, Collier amassed over one million acres in southwest Florida and his property stretched from the Ten Thousand Islands to Useppa Island, and from the coast to the Big Cypress and the Everglades (Clement n.d.). Collier was the largest landholder in the state and created a luxury resort, the Useppa Inn, which was visited by corporate giants, presidents, movie stars, authors, and sports celebrities. To facilitate development, Collier made a pledge to the Florida State Legislature to complete the Tamiami Trail from Tampa to Miami (Naples Daily News 1976). The roadway was finished in 1928 and as traffic increased, southwest Florida's tourist industry was born (Scupholm 1997). The construction of the Tamiami Trail had a tremendous effect on Seminole settlement patterns. The roadway interrupted traditional canoe routes and as a result, Seminoles were forced to use the Tamiami Canal, which was created during road construction. Many Seminole families moved closer to the Tamiami Canal to facilitate canoe transportation (Carr 2002). On July 7, 1923, the state legislature created Collier County and named Everglades City as county seat. Collier became the second largest county in Florida with a land area of 2032 square miles. At the time of its creation, the county consisted of pine and cypress land and extensive swampland. The towns within the county, Immokalee, Naples, Marco, Caxambas, Chokoloskee, Deep Lake, and Everglades City, were all small settlements separated by almost inaccessible terrain. Barron Collier was instrumental in bringing modern communications, roadways, and railroads to his namesake county (Collier County Museum 2010). His promotions eventually opened up the area's enormous agricultural and resort potential, but the Great Depression halted growth. The number of residents in 1925 of 1256 grew to only 2883 by 1930 (Tebeau 1966:212). By the mid-1930s, federal programs, implemented by the Roosevelt administration, started employing large numbers of construction workers, helping to revive the economy of the state. The programs were instrumental in the construction of parks, bridges, and public buildings. However, Collier County's economy and population remained at a virtual standstill until the end of WWII when a new wave of national prosperity sent thousands of people to Florida (Dean 1991). Improvements in transportation included the 1921 Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railway Company's extension south from LaBelle to Immokalee. The town took on new importance and became a center for inland activity in Collier County (Tebeau 1966). While Barron Collier was promoting the Tamiami Trail, he and his supporters were also trying to open a direct highway route from Immokalee to the county seat of Everglades City. By 1923, an unimproved road from LaBelle through Immokalee, ACI 3-13 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 terminating at Deep Lake, was depicted on a Florida State Map (Kendrick 1964). This road was completed between Immokalee and Everglades City in the early 1920s (FPS 1986). Collier County induced the ACL to continue its line south to Everglades City around 1927. The two projects linked the town with outer areas of the county and the Tamiami Trail. With the arrival of the railroad and road Immokalee became a center for ranching, farming, and lumbering (Tebeau 1966). In 1923, Collier County had one of the largest stands of virgin cypress and pine timber in the country (Tebeau 1966). Roads leading into the Everglades were completed in the 1920s, enabling logging companies to exploit the region's cypress (Klinkenberg 1994). From the 1920s to the late 1950s, steam powered mills cut cypress board, which was valued for its durability and imperviousness to water. "Swamp Loggers" would fell the trees and oxen and mules would pull the downed trees to temporary tram railways where they were loaded for transport to the nearby mills. Logging activities in the Big Cypress Swamp and Fakahatchee Strand were prevalent in the 1940s in response to wartime needs (U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d.). The cypress was used in the construction of P.T. boats, and, later, was shipped to Europe to supply the post-war rebuilding efforts (Klinkenberg 1994). Two of the companies with logging operations in the area were the Lee Tidewater Cypress Company and the C. J. Jones Logging Company. The logging industry required the construction of rail lines traversed by steam locomotives, which resulted in the establishment of a number of sawmills and lumber towns within the region. The largest of these towns was Jerome, located off of present-day State Road 29, north of US 41 (Tamiami Trail) (Klinkenberg 1994). Two mills, one at Naples and the other at Bonita Springs, reached into the timber lands from the west coast (Tebeau 1966:252). However, as a result of heavy lumbering activities from the 1940s to 1957, much of the forest was cleared (FDEP n.d.; Tebeau 1966; U.S. Fish and Wildlife n.d.). When the cypress supply was exhausted, logging establishments became ghost towns, and the rail lines were abandoned, leaving only remnant segments of trails and ditches. In 1943, the first commercial oil well in Florida was drilled in Sunniland. The Humble Oil and Refining Company (now Exxon) struck crude, finally proving that there is oil in Florida. Sunniland remained the state's only commercial oil field until 1964. Several oil wells are depicted within the APE and quarrying activities in the southeast portion of the APE began as early as 1958 (Copeland 1947; USGS 1958a, 1958b) (Figures 3.5 and 3.6). Oil Well Road also had a different alignment from today's route. The 1958 map also shows a number of railroad grades that were probably associated with the timber industry, harvesting the locally available pine and cypress. In the 1950s, thousands of acres of cheap farmland opened up due to the extensive drainage projects. At approximately this time, the agricultural thrust in Collier County began with approximately 640 cultivated acres near Ochopee- Copeland. By the early 1970s, citrus, watermelons, tomatoes, bell peppers, and cucumbers were the largest producing crops in the area. Other vegetable crops included squash, cantaloupes, potatoes, melons, cabbage, lettuce, eggplant, corn, beans, and okra (Naples Daily News 1973). Like many Florida communities, World War II changed the face of Naples and later added to its growth. Largely, the post -World War II development of Collier County is similar to that of the rest of America: increasing numbers of automobiles and asphalt, an interstate highway system, suburban sprawl, and strip development along major state highways. The county, like most of Florida, experienced a population boom in the 1950s. Florida's population increased from 1,897,414 in 1940 to 1950 in 2,771,305. Collier County's population grew from 5082 in 1940 to 6488 in 1950 (Forstall 1995). After the war, car ownership increased, making the American public more mobile, making vacations more inexpensive and easier. Many who had served at Florida's military bases during World War II also returned with their families to live. As veterans returned, the trend in new housing focused on the development of small tract homes in new subdivisions. ACI 3-14 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 411 9,2; + 6 ` •4 J ' ` ~ •�,. `ti F e � �� ' ''..fr � V .' ` r � ���gY � , .A f ! • ,Ia 'lr' • 1 �' �i 1 /• , , f+ .. J .J wre ifs A .•,+',�• � r a P � ,�•yy,.- ter' m.. ` Rai ".; +Yie ` ` .s•x�• •., I �e'rP°�`. ,� •e + . '� • ..I � f 4the i R�1 !?a P � �. �'14 }�rv1_ + 1116 g1 J�,�'ay. V�At�,P �4.�,f - ��}J�•�ri�. � . i f ".SP � i1' f •4# d ti.� .l p - Figure 3.5. 1947 Copeland map showing the APE. USGS Immokalee SW and Sunniland, 1958 VW 17 a 7 ; + _ 24 �2_$, 19 310 —_ - •,ou w.n .t 26 25 okm 1--'- �. - - �- - ❑ APE Rook - _� Figure 3.6. 1958 quad map showing the APE. ACI 3-15 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 The agricultural growth of the county led to an influx of migrant workers into the area. In 1966, Collier County began its first effort to house these workers. The Farm Workers Village, located along SR 29, was a 491-unit apartment complex operated by the county Housing Authority, it provided affordable housing to the workers as well as daycare, postal services, a convenience store, laundromat, and educational facilities (Naples Daily News 1991). The number of permanent Collier County residents grew rapidly from 6,488 in 1950 to 85,000 by 1980. In 1967, SR 84 (Alligator Alley) or the Everglades Parkway was built. In 1970, FDOT appointed an advisory panel to evaluate possible routes across south Florida for the proposed I-75. The plans were prepared by 1972 and the Interstate was built thereafter, utilizing existing lanes from Alligator Alley for eastbound traffic. Two westbound lanes were built on the vacant strip of land between Alligator Alley and the canal (Duever et al. 1985). From 1980 to 1990, Collier County experienced a 77% percent increase in population and between 1990 and 2000, the population increased 65%. The population continued to increase in the county, albeit at a slower rate of 19.7% from 2010 to 2019 with an estimate of 384,902 individuals (USCB 2021). Collier County has roughly 25,000 businesses employing 168,000 workers. Tourism and hospitality jobs are the dominant sector. However, a wide variety of new industries have been moving into the county, including Arthrex (medical device manufacturing) and Summit Orthopedic Technologies, which moved its headquarters from Connecticut to Naples. Business development, expansion, and attraction are critical goals for economic growth. At the same time, Collier County also focuses on attainable housing for workers, and workforce development training centers, including the Center for Manufacturing Excellence, which opened its doors in 2019 to upskill workers for the growing workforce demands in manufacturing operations (Chamber 2020). 3.8 APE Specifics Only the southeast portion of the APE is visible on the 1962 aerial photograph available from the Publication of Archival and Museum Materials (PALMM). It shows the quarry and the early alignment of Oil Well Road and possibly one of the oil wells. Although trails and some drainage ditches appear, there was no obvious development of the APE (USDA 1962). By 1980, some of the area had been converted to pastures and agricultural fields and Oil Well Road was reconfigured to run across the north edge of the APE (USDA 1980) (Figure 3.7). The quarry in the southeast portion of the APE had been expanded. ACI 3-16 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Figure 3.7. 1980 aerial photograph showing the APE. ACI 3-17 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS 4.1 Background Research and Literature Review A review of archaeological and historical literature, records and other documents and data pertaining to the project area was conducted. The focus of this research was to ascertain the types of cultural resources known in the project area and vicinity, their temporal/cultural affiliations, site location information, and other relevant data. This included a review of sites listed in the NRHP, the Florida Master Site File (FMSF), CRAS reports, published books and articles, aerial photographs, unpublished manuscripts, and maps. In addition to the NRHP and FMSF, other information relevant to the historical research was obtained from the files of ACI. The FMSF data in this report were obtained in October 2021, which is the most recent edition. However, according to FMSF staff, input may be a month or more behind receipt of reports and site files. No individuals with knowledge of historic or prehistoric activities specific to the APE were encountered during this project; thus, no informant interviews were conducted. 4.2 Archaeological Considerations Background research indicated that only one site has been recorded within one mile of the APE (Figure 4.1). 8CR00669 (Fort Keais) is located east of the APE. It is a Second and Third Seminole War period fort that was recorded based on historic documents (Hammond 2008). It has not been evaluated in terms of NRHP eligibility. There have been only four CRAS projects conducted near the APE. Three are associated with improvement to SR 29 (ACI 2003; Browning 1982; Janus Research 2018), one is associated with a number of bridge replacements (ACI 2018). In addition, a historic resource survey of Collier County was conducted (FPS 1986) Based on these data, and other regional site location predictive models (ACI 1992, 1999, 2014a, 2014b; Austin 1987; Bellomo and Fuhrmeister 1991; Carr 1988; Dickel 1991; Smith 2008) and informed expectations concerning the types of sites likely to occur within the project APE, as well as their probable environmental settings, was generated. As archaeologists have long realized, aboriginal populations did not select their habitation sites and activity areas in a random fashion. Rather, many environmental factors had a direct influence upon site location selection, including soil drainage, distance to water, topography, and proximity to resources. It should be noted that the settlement pattern noted below cannot be applied to sites of the Paleoindian and Early Archaic periods, which precede the onset of modern environmental conditions. Analysis of the data for the 283 aboriginal archaeological sites, with known locations in the Southwestern Slope physiographic region of Collier County that are outside of National Park Service (NPS) lands, was conducted. The NPS lands were not included as there is not a modern soil survey for that area. Historic archaeological sites and aboriginal archaeological sites that were plotted "per vague verbal description" were deleted from this analysis. Proximity to water is an important site location feature. Over 84% of the sites are located within 100 in (328 ft) of a water source, and only five of the sites greater than 200 in (656 ft) from a water source (Table 4.1). Two -third of the sites are proximate to a wetland or swamp, while about 18% of the sites are associated with lakes and ponds. ACI 4-1 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Historic Resource Archaeological Site APE ---------- L rl '8CR00670 23 19-- CR00671 oOoo/,,r ACROO128 q 01,!A -- -------- + to 28 29� 30F 8CROO669 i� - - �o f' 0 -21MERMIN- L7 3 2 [0 6.25,. Z> -J —L—L-J. ;, I --- - CopyTight:@ 2013 Nation' I GeograpWic- So-ciety,-i-cLbed. IiSGS 0 0.5 1 1 - I - - -- rnmokeLlee SW & Sunnil nd Kilometers Figure 4.1. Location of the previously recorded cultural resources proximate to the APE. ACI 4-2 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Table 4.1. Distribution of sites by water type and distance. Type <100 m (356 ft) <200 m (656 ft) 1 <300 m (984 ft) <400 to (1312 ft) Total Cnt % Cnt % Cnt % Cnt % Cn % Bay 8 2.8% 2 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 10 3.5% Creek 5 1.8% 1 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 6 2.1% Gulf 6 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6 2.1% Lake 1 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1 0.4% Pond 27 9.5% 19 6.7% 3 1.1% 1 0.4% 50 17.7% River 2 0.7% 2 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 4 1.4% Swamp 189 66.8% 16 5.7% 1 0.4% 0.0% 206 72.8% Total 238 84.1% 40 14.1% 4 1.4% 1 0.4% 283 100.0 Elevation can also play a role in site selection, but usually it is at such a scale that it is not decipherable except through very detailed elevation maps or through LiDAR. Most of the sites in this study are located at five feet amsl (1.5 m) (Figure 4.2). 160 150 140 120 100 +, 83 c 0 80 u 60 40 30 20 , . 3 0 5 10 15 20 25 elevation (ft amsl) Figure 4.2. Distribution of sites by elevation (ft amsl). Soil types and their drainage characteristics can also be used to assess the likelihood for aboriginal site occurrence (Almy 1978). There are 45 soil types within this study area; of which 36 have recorded archaeological sites (Table 4.2). Those soils within the APE are shaded in tan on the table. Many of the sites occurred on more than one soil type. This analysis only includes the four types covering the greatest acreage for each site, which totaled 352 soil type occurrences. The column "l" indicates that this soil type had the greatest area of the site, and so on down the line, so that the "4" column had the smallest site acreage. However, this analysis may not prove an accurate representation of the site distribution. While we know the percentage of sites on the various soil types, we do not have an accurate assessment as to how much of each soil type has been surveyed for archaeological sites. This portion of Collier County is damp and soggy as evidenced by the fact that 61 % of the soils are poorly drained and another 3 1 % of the soils are very poorly drained. The excessively, moderately well, and somewhat poorly drained soils do not even make up 1% of the area. Water, urban land, or reshaped lands underlie the remaining portion of the study area. ACI 4-3 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Table 4.2. Distribution of sites by drainage and soil types. DRAINAGE/Soil Type, % slopes Area 1 2 3 4 Total sites difference EXCESSIVELY DRAINED Paola fine sand, gently rolling 0.01% 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.29% 0.28% Total 1 0.01% 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0.29% 0.28% MODERATELY WELL DRAINED Pomello fine sand, 0-2% 0.05% 2 1 3 0.86% 0.81% Total 0.05% 2 1 0 0 3 0.86% 0.81% POORLY DRAINED Basinger fine sand, 0-2% 2.53% 3 5 1 9 2.58% 0.05% Basinger fine sand, occasionally flooded 0.15% 1 1 0.29% 0.14% Boca fine sand, 0-2% 5.09% 10 3 13 3.72% -1.36% Ft. Drum and Malabar, high, fine sands 0.92% 2 1 3 0.86% -0.06% Hallandale and Boca fine sands 6.64% 30 5 35 10.03% 3.38% Hallandale fine sand, 0-2% 4.86% 5 3 8 2.29% -2.57% Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands 1.39% 20 4 24 6.88% 5.48% Holo aw fine sand, 0-2% 2.60% 2 2 4 1.15% -1.46% Holopaw fine sand, limestone substratum is 4.68% 4 6 10 2.87% -1.82% Immokalee fine sand, 0-2% 3.81% 15 2 17 4.87% 1.06% Malabar fine sand, 0-2% 2.07% 0 0.00% -2.07% M akka fine sand, 0-2% 0.29% 2 2 4 1.15% 0.86% Ocho ee fine sandy loam 3.23% 0 0.00% -3.23% Ocho ee fine sandy loam, low 4.48% 1 1 0.29% -4.20% Oldsmar fine sand, 0-2% 1.98% 2 1 3 0.86% -1.12% Oldsmar fine sand, is 1.91% 1 1 0.29% -1.62% Pennsuco silt loam 1.77% 4 4 1.15% -0.63% Pineda and Riviera fine sands 0.33% 0 0.00% -0.33% Pineda fine sand, is 7.39% 13 2 15 4.30% -3.09% Riviera fine sand, is 3.24% 14 1 15 4.30% 1.06% Riviera, Is -Copeland fine sands 1.58% 13 3 16 4.58% 3.01% Tuscawilla fine sand 0.05% 0 0.00% -0.05% Wabasso fine sand, 0-2% 0.21% 0 0.00% -0.21% Total 61.21% 142 40 1 0 183 52.44% -8.77% SOMEWHAT POORLY DRAINED Canaveral -beaches complex 0.08% 3 2 5 1.43% 1.35% Satellite fine sand, 0-2% 0.21% 20 20 5.73% 5.52% Total 0.29% 23 2 0 0 25 7.16% 6.88% VERY POORLY DRAINED Boca, Riviera, Is, and Copeland fine sands, de ressional de r 23.43% 74 10 1 85 24.36% 0.92% Chobee, Is, and Dania mucks, der 0.17% 1 1 2 0.57% 0.41 % Chobee, Winder, and Gator soils, der 0.20% 1 4 5 1.43% 1.23% Durbin and Wulfert mucks, frequently flooded f 1.29% 10 1 11 3.15% 1.86% Estero and Peckish soils, ff 0.77% 0 0.00% -0.77% Holo aw and Okeelanta soils, der 0.21% 1 1 2 0.57% 0.36% Jupiter -Boca complex 2.02% 4 5 9 2.58% 0.56% Kesson muck, ff 1.22% 1 1 0.29% -0.94% Winder, Riviera, Is, and Chobee soils, de r 1.57% 5 5 1.43% -0.14% Total 30.88% 97 21 � 2 0 120 34.38% 3.50% OTHER ACI 4-4 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 DRAINAGE/Soil Type, % slopes % of Area 1 2 3 4 Total % of sites difference Udorthents, shaped 0.76% 1 1 2 0.57% -0.19% Urban land 1.70% 10 10 2.87% 1.17% Urban land-Aquents complex, organic substratum 0.34% 1 1 0.29% -0.06% Urban land-Holo aw-Basin er complex 1.36% 0 0.00% -1.36% Urban land-Immokalee-Oldsmar, Is, complex 0.81% 4 4 1.15% 0.33% Urban land-Matlacha-Boca complex 0.80% 0 0.00% -0.80% Urban land -satellite complex 0.25% 1 1 2 0.57% 0.33% Water 1.51% 1 1 0.29% -1.22% Waters of the Gulf of Mexico 0.02% 0 0.00% -0.02% Total 7.56% 18 2 0 0 20 5.73% -1.83% Grand Total 100.00% 283 66 3 0 349 100.00% 0.00% Those soils that have a higher percentage of sites as compared to area (2% or greater) are marked in red on the table, while those that seem less likely to be used (-2% or less) are marked in blue. There is a normal distribution of sites relative to the excessively and moderately well drained soil, but there is a clear preference for the somewhat poorly drained Satellite sand, which covers of .3% of the area, but has 7.2% of the sites. The other prime soils include Hallandale and Boca fine sands; Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands; and Riviera, limestone substratum -Copeland fine sands. Conversely, there are several soil types that were used significantly less than others. These include Ochopee fine sandy loam, low; Ochopee fine sandy loam; Pineda fine sand, limestone substratum; Hallandale fine sand, 0-2% slopes, and Malabar fine sand 0-2% slopes. Based on the environmental setting, the project APE was considered to have a low probability for aboriginal archaeological site occurrence except in the areas of the Hallandale -Boca association and the Hilolo, Jupiter, and Margate fine sands. These areas have a moderate potential for sites if they are adjacent to a water source. There was a moderate probability for the occurrence of historic resources given the use of the area for oil extraction, timber, and naval stores. 4.3 Historical Considerations A review of the FMSF and NRHP revealed that one historic resource (8CR00670) has been previously recorded within the APE (Figure 4.1). This includes one structure, the Sunniland Field - [Well] #12 (8CR00670). The resource was first recorded during the Historic/Architectural Survey of Collier County, Florida conducted by Florida Preservation Services in 1986 (Survey No. 1108). The resource has not been evaluated by the SHPO. Little information is provided in the FMSF form for Sunniland Field - Well #12 (8CR00670), but photographs reveal that several resources remained intact on the well site at the time of recording, including the pumpjack/pumping unit and several oil tanks. The Sunniland Field - Well #12 (8CR00670) was documented as a structure during the 1986 survey; however, multiple structures and tanks are represented by the photographs presented in the FMSF form. Because there is insufficient information provided to clarify if the FMSF number is associated with the pumpjack, oil tanks, or entire well site as a whole, the resource will be updated as part of this survey as a Resource Group to include all these features. In addition, the Sunniland Oil Field/Florida's First Commercial Oil Well (8CR00128) and the Collier Corporation Commissary (8CR00671) are located adjacent to, but outside of, the APE. The Sunniland Oil Field/Florida's First Commercial Oil Well (8CR00128) is comprised of the original pumping unit utilized for the first successful commercial oil well in Florida; however, the resource was ACI 4-5 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 relocated in 1972. The Collier Corporation Commissary (8CR00671) is a Frame Vernacular style building that was utilized as a commissary for the Collier Corporation. Both resources were also recorded during the 1986 survey and have not been evaluated by the SHPO. A review of relevant historic United States Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle maps, historic aerial photographs, and the Collier County property appraiser's website data revealed the potential for three new historic resources 50 years of age or older (constructed in 1972 or earlier) within the APE (Skinner 2022). 4.4 Field Methodology The FDHR's Module Three, Guidelines for Use by Historic Professionals, indicates that the first stage of archaeological field survey is a reconnaissance of the project area to "ground truth," or ascertain the validity of the predictive model (FDHR 2003). During this part of the survey, the researcher assesses whether the initial predictive model needs adjustment based on disturbance or conditions such as constructed features (i.e., parking lots, buildings, etc.), underground utilities, landscape alterations (i.e., ditches and swales, mined land, dredged and filled land, agricultural fields), or other constraints that may affect the archaeological potential. Additionally, these Guidelines indicate that non-systematic "judgmental" testing may be appropriate in urbanized environments where pavement, utilities, and constructed features make systematic testing unfeasible; in geographically restricted areas such as proposed pond sites; or within project areas that have limited high and moderate probability zones, but where a larger subsurface testing sample may be desired. While predictive models are useful in determining preliminary testing strategies in a broad context, it is understood that testing intervals may be altered due to conditions encountered by the field crew at the time of survey. A reasonable and good faith effort has been made to locate any historic properties within the APE (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.). Archaeological field survey methods consisted of surface reconnaissance combined with systematic subsurface testing. Testing was conducted at 50 m (164 ft) off -set intervals along transects spaced 50 m apart in the areas of Hilolo-Jupiter-Margate soils near water; further from water the tests were placed at 100 m (328 ft) off -set intervals along transects spaced 50 m apart. This latter testing strategy was also used in the area of the Hallandale -Boca association. Tests were placed at 100 m intervals along the wooded wetlands. The remainder of the APE was tested at 200 m (656 ft) intervals or judgmentally. Shovel tests were circular and measured approximately 50 centimeters (cm) (20 inches [in]) in diameter by at least 1 m (3.3 ft) in depth unless precluded by water. All soil removed from the shovel tests was screened through a 0.64 cm (0.25 in) mesh hardware cloth to maximize the recovery of artifacts. The locations of all shovel tests were recorded using a Trimble Juno 5. Following the recording of relevant data such as artifact finds, stratigraphic profile, and environmental setting, all shovel tests were refilled. Historic/architectural field methodology consisted of a field survey of the APE to determine and verify the location of all buildings and other historic resources (i.e. bridges, roads, cemeteries) that are 50 years of age or older (constructed in or prior to 1972), and to establish if any such resources could be determined eligible for listing in the NRHP. The field survey focused on the assessment of existing conditions for all previously recorded historic resources located within the project APE, and the presence of unrecorded historic resources within the project area. For each property, photographs were taken, and information needed for the completion of FMSF forms was gathered. In addition to architectural descriptions, each historic resource was reviewed to assess style, historic context, condition, and potential NRHP eligibility. Also, informant interviews would have been conducted, if possible, with knowledgeable persons to obtain site -specific building construction dates and/or possible associations with individuals or events significant to local or regional history. ACI 4-6 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 4.5 Inadvertent/Unanticipated Discoveries Occasionally, archaeological deposits, subsurface features or unmarked human remains are encountered during the course of development, even though the project area may have previously received a thorough and professionally adequate cultural resources assessment. Such events are rare, but they do occur. In the event that human remains are encountered during the course of development, the procedures outlined in Chapter 872, FS must be followed. It was anticipated that human remains might be encountered within the APE, and the field crew was prepared to follow Chapter 872, FS. In the event such discoveries are made during the development process, all activities in the immediate vicinity of the discovery will be suspended, and a professional archaeologist will be contacted to evaluate the importance of the discovery. The area will be examined by the archaeologist, who, in consultation with staff of the Florida SHPO, will determine if the discovery is significant or potentially significant. In the event the discovery is found to be not significant, the work may immediately resume. If, on the other hand, the discovery is found to be significant or potentially significant, then development activities in the immediate vicinity of the discovery will continue to be suspended until such time as a mitigation plan, acceptable to SHPO, is developed and implemented. Development activities may then resume within the discovery area, but only when conducted in accordance with the guidelines and conditions of the approved mitigation plan. 4.6 Laboratory Methods/Curation The only cultural materials recovered were three glass bottles. These were washed and dried, then analyzed using standard references. All project related material (including artifacts, field notes, maps, digital data, and photographs) will be stored at ACI in Sarasota (P21149), unless the client requests otherwise. ACI 4-7 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 5.1 Archaeological Archaeological field survey included surface reconnaissance and the excavation of 235 shovel tests. Testing was conducted at 50 m (164 ft) off -set intervals along transects spaced 50 m apart in the areas of Hilolo-Jupiter-Margate soils near water; further from water the tests were placed at 100 m (328 ft) off -set intervals along transects spaced 50 m apart. This latter testing strategy was also used in the area of the Hallandale -Boca association. Tests were placed at 100 m intervals along the wooded wetlands. The remainder of the APE was tested at 200 m (656 ft) intervals or judgmentally (Figure 5.1). Two -hundred -thirty-two shovel tests were excavated, of which only one contained cultural material. This was associated with a small historic debris pile, which has been recorded as 8CR01614. Another site, 8CR01615, consists of a scattering of vehicles and parts daring from the 1940s and 1950s, was also recorded. One of the oil fields had been previously recorded as 8CR00670. The other oil well locations, as depicted on the quad maps, were examined, but each area had been cleared of all materials. A reasonable and good faith effort has been made to locate any historic properties within the APE (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.). The FMSF forms are in Appendix A and the Survey Log is in Appendix B. R&G Scatter (8CR01614) is in the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 29 in Township 48 South, Range 30 East (USGS Sunniland). It occurs on Hallandale -Boca fine sands association, which are poorly drained soils that occur in sloughs and poorly defined drainageways (Liudahl et al. 1998). The stratigraphy in this area consists of 0-20 cm (0-8 in) dark brown sand and 20-50 cm (8-20 in) gray -brown sand that was underlain by yellow -brown clay. It occurs in a wooded pasture with hardwoods, palm, Ficus, and Brazilian pepper (Photo 5.1). Photo 5.1. Setting of 8CR01614, facing southwest. The site consists of a scatter of historic debris from the mid-201}i century. It includes bottle and pane glass, a bucket, old refrigerator, tires, and undiagnostic metal fragments (Photo 5.2). One shovel test was excavated in this area that produced vessel and pane glass and metal fragments. ACI 5-1 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Positive Test O Negative Test ■ Updated Historic Resource • Newly Recorded Historic Resource Q Newly Recorded Resource Group ® Newly Recorded Site Q APE O j J000 O O° I °°°°� 0° _ �. 0000008 O O 0 0 0' 0 r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; O 0 0 0 0 0 00 • O O 0% 0 8CR00670 0 0 0 O 0 O O p0000 0 O R sCRo1621# O O O 0 0 O 0 000 0 1 0000 0000000 0 0 °000 Q ° 1 8CRO0670 SCRO1622 vl °8 °%O ° O° °°°° 8CR00128 O / ° ° °' ° °°p0° ° ° ° f 0 0° 00 ° °0 ° o 0 0° 0 _ . - _ 0 8CROI 62_ 0 0 0 0 o � 00 00 0 0 0 0 (59, O ° ° 8CR01614 0 0.5 1 - - Kilometers Figure 5.1. Location of the shovel tests and cultural resources within the APE. ACI 5-2 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Photo 5.2. Appliance and other debris at the site. Three complete bottles were collected. All have variations of No Deposit/No Return, which first appears around 1935, but was required from 1941 until the 1970s (Schulz, et al. 2019). The bottle manufacturers are the Brockway Glass Company (1933), Anchor -Hocking Glass Corporation (1938), and Thatcher Glass Manufacturing Company (1946) (Toulouse 1971). The surface scatter extends roughly 10 m (33 ft) in diameter and is adjacent to an old, overgrown trail. And thus, is likely just a trash pile. Due to its low research potential, the site is considered ineligible for listing in the NRHP. 8CRO1615 (R&G Auto Field) is in the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of Section 32 in Township 48 South, Range 30 East (USGS Sunniland). It occurs on Hallandale -Boca fine sands association, which are poorly drained soils that occur in sloughs and poorly defined drainageways (Liudahl et al. 1998). The stratigraphy in this area consists of 0-20 cm (0-8 in) dark gray -brown sand and 20-40 cm (8-16) yellow -brown sandy clay, water intrusion occurred at 35 cm (14 in). It occurs in a wooded area with Ficus, palm, pine, hardwoods, and Brazilian pepper (Photo 5.3). Photo 5.3. General setting of 8CR01615, facing south. ACI 5-3 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 The site consists of a scatter of 11 vehicles and/or parts that covered an area roughly 65 m northwest/southeast by 35 m northeast/southwest (213 x 115 ft), or 0.46 acres (Figure 5.2). No license plates were found on the vehicles or in the area, but based on the style, these appear to date from the 1940s and 1950s. Photos 5.4-5.9 provide a sample of the vehicles and parts within the area. Although an interesting collection of car and parts, it provides little in terms of research potential, and as such, is considered ineligible for listing in the NRHP. �•�.- '' r • Auto Debris N ' Q Newly Recorded Site k t. dr row s 9 I� '� ' � •6 7 $ 10i1'2 � �T. A 8CRO1615 �f ! * � i� 1411 Iry 4kk 4, V 1.4 +~ - State of Florida, Maxar, Microsoft, Esn Community Maps Cc 0 50 00 of South Florida, County of Collier, FDEP, ©OpenStreetMai Meters HERE, Garmin, SafeGrap„h•, INCREMENT P, METI/NgSq, U Census Bureau, USDA. 2020 Figure 5.2. Location of the cars and parts within 8CR01615. Photo 5.4. Car 1. ACI 5-4 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve February 2022 P21149 Photo 5.5. Cars 2, 3, and 4 - parts. Photo 5.6. Car 5 - parts. Photo 5.7. Car 8. ACI 5-5 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Photo 5.8. Car 10. Photo 5.9. Car 11. 5.2 Historical Background research revealed that one historic resource (8CR00670) was previously recorded within the APE. This includes one structure, the Sunniland Field — [Well] #12 (8CR00670). The resource was first recorded in 1986 and has not been evaluated by the SHPO. Little information is provided in the FMSF form for Sunniland Field #12 (8CR00670), but photographs reveal that several resources remained intact on the well site at the time of recording, including the pumpjack and several oil tanks. The resource was documented as a structure during the 1986 survey; however, multiple structures and tanks are represented by the photographs and there is not sufficient information provided to clarify if the FMSF number is associated with the pumpjack, oil tanks, or entire well site as a whole. Due to this discrepancy, the resource was updated as a resource group — rather than a structure — to better represent the well site as a whole. Furthermore, the remnants (e.g. tanks, concrete slabs) were not individually recorded, as sufficient information to complete a form regarding each individual remnant within Sunniland Field — Well #12 was not discovered during background research. ACI 5-6 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 As a result of the historical/architectural field survey, three historic resources (8CR01620, 8CR01621, 8CR01622) were newly identified, recorded, and evaluated, and one previously recorded historic resource (8CR00670) was identified and re-evaluated within the APE (Figure 5.1). These include the Sunniland Quarry Rural Historic Landscape (8CR01620), two outbuildings with no style (8CR01621 and 8CR01622), and the Sunniland Field — Well #12 Rural Historic Landscape (8CR00670), constructed between ca. 1954 and 1962. Overall, the newly identified Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620) is a common rock quarry found throughout southwest Florida and the two outbuildings with no style (8CR01621 and 8CR01622) lack sufficient architectural details. These newly identified historic resources are not significant embodiments of a type, period, or method of construction. In addition, background research did not reveal any historic associations with significant persons and/or events. The previously recorded resource, the Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) is associated with the first successful oil field in the State of Florida. Despite this association, the historic integrity of the resource has been destroyed through alterations and removal of equipment. The vast majority of the oil tanks and equipment associated with Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) have been removed from the site, as well as the pumpjack. As such, the resource does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A for its association with early oil drilling efforts in Florida as the overall integrity of the resource has been destroyed. Similarly, the remaining tanks and concrete slabs within Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) do not appear to retain sufficient integrity for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C in the Area of Engineering as the majority of the primary equipment — including the pumpjack — has been removed from the well site. Thus, the resource does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as a part of a historic district. Descriptions and photographs of the newly identified resources follow, and copies of the FMSF forms are included in Appendix A. No informant interviews for historic resources were conducted during the field survey. A reasonable and good faith effort was made per the regulations laid out in 36 CFR § 800.4(b)(1) (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d.) to survey all areas of the APE. Photo 5.10. Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670), looking southwest. ACI 5-7 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Photo 5.11. Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670), looking south. 8CR00670: The Sunniland Field — Well #12 Rural Historic Landscape is located at 7992 Oil Well Park Road within Section 19 of Township 48 South, Range 30 East (USGS Sunniland 1958) (Photos 5.10 & 5.11). The resource group encompasses approximately 2.81 acres on the south side of Oil Well Park Road, and it is located approximately 0.39 miles east of the intersection of Oil Well Park Road and Old Oil Well Road. Sunniland Field — Well #12 — established between ca. 1954 and 1958 — was first recorded during the Historic/Architectural Survey of Collier County, Florida conducted by Florida Preservation Services in 1986; however, the resource was not evaluated by the SHPO. Oil drilling efforts began in Florida as early as ca. 1900; however, the search was limited to the Florida Panhandle and the efforts were ultimately unsuccessful. Between 1921 and 1923, Barron G. Collier acquired approximately 1.3 million acres in southwest Florida that would eventually become Collier and Hendry counties, including what is now Big Cypress Preserve (Wells and Wells 2004). During the mid-1930s, Collier negotiated an oil lease with the Gulf Oil Company which conducted seismic testing and searched for oil within the area until leaving in 1938. After several years of failed attempts, the Humble Oil and Refining Company (later known as Exxon and ExxonMobil) was assigned an oil lease in southwest Florida and began testing in the vicinity of the Sunniland stop on the ACL railroad line (Wells and Wells 2004). The first successful oil well — Sunniland No. 1 — was completed by Humble Oil and Refining Company on September 26, 1943. By 1954, the Sunniland Oil Field was comprised of 11 oil wells and was Florida's top producer (Wells and Wells 2004). The exact age of the extant oil tanks at Sunniland Field — Well #12 could not be determined; however, according to historic topographical maps, Well #12 was established between ca. 1954 and 1958 (Wells and Wells 2004; USGS 1958b). Few historic aerial photographs of this exact location are available for review, but a 1973 aerial reveals that the site was equipped with approximately 13 oil tanks, additional equipment, and the oil pumpjack (oil well pump) to the far left (Figure 5.3). The well site remained intact as late as ca. 1985; however, by ca. 1993 the pumpjack and approximately six of the oil wells had been removed (FDOT 1985, 1993). Sunniland Field — Well #12 appears to have reached the current configuration in ca. 2014 (Google Earth 2022). The well site is currently comprised of four metal oil tanks (three historic and one non -historic), remnants of exposed piping, and a variety of concrete slabs and retaining walls. Two of the remaining oil tanks are identical in appearance — stout, ACI 5-8 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 cylindrical metal tanks with slightly domed tops (Figure 5.3: Tanks A & B). The tanks are connected by a raised metal catwalk and labeled "OIL — OUT OF SERVICE 2010." Remnants of metal piping are located to the north of these tanks and this eastern portion of the field is lined with a deteriorated concrete retaining wall. A non -historic oil tank is located to the southwest of the paired tanks and adjacent to the southern boundary of the resource group. Remnants of concrete slabs are located throughout the central portion of the resource group, as well as an additional historic oil tank (Figure 5.3: Tank Q. Although Sunniland Field — Well #12 is associated with the first successful oil field in the State of Florida, the well site has been significantly altered over the years. The vast majority of the oil tanks and associated equipment have been removed from the site, as well as the pumpjack. As such, the well site does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A for its association with early oil drilling efforts in Florida as the overall integrity of the well site has been destroyed. Similarly, the remaining tanks and concrete slabs do not appear to retain sufficient integrity for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C in the Area of Engineering as the majority of the primary equipment —including the pumpjack — has been removed from the well site. As a result, 8CR00670 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district. Figure 5.3. 1973 aerial photograph depicting Sunniland Field — Well #12 prior to the removal of the oil pump (green arrow) and the majority of the associated equipment/tanks (FDOT 1973). The orange lines denote the approximate boundary of the resource, while the red arrows denote extant historic oil tanks. ACI 5-9 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Photo 5.12. Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620), looking southeast. Photo 5.13. Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620), looking north. 8CR01620: The Sunniland Quarry Rural Historic Landscape is located within Section 29 of Township 48 South, Range 30 East (USGS Sunniland 1958b) (Photos 5.12 & 5.13). The irregularly - shaped quarry encompasses approximately 198 acres within Collier County Parcel ID #00234760006 and #00234560002 and is accessed by a dirt road along the west side of SR 29 — approximately 0.62 miles south of Oil Well Park Road. The Sunniland quarry was established by Industrial Limerock, Inc. in 1956 in order to produce rock and aggregates for road construction and other industrial and building purposes (Tampa Bay Times 1956). The company merged with Modern Builders Supply, Inc. of Naples, Builders Supply Co., and Royal Palm Harbor, Inc. in 1961 to become Fuller Industries, Inc. (News -Press 1961). Following this merger, the quarry in Sunniland was managed by the Industrial Limerock Division of Fuller Industries. The majority of the Sunniland Quarry operation— now managed ACI 5-10 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 by Vulcan Materials Company — is located outside of the APE and to the east of SR 29 (Vulcan Materials Company 2021). The Sunniland Quarry — as contained within the APE — appears to be abandoned and reclaimed as wetlands. Overall, the resource is a common rock quarry found throughout southwest Florida, and is not a significant embodiment of a type, period, or method of construction. In addition, background research did not reveal any historic associations with significant persons and/or events. As a result, 8CR01620 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district. Photo 5.14. 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 1) (8CR01621), looking south. 8CRO1621: The outbuilding with no style at 7677 SR 29 was constructed in ca. 1962 (Photo 5.14). The one-story, rectangular plan building rests on a continuous concrete block foundation with a concrete block structural system clad in scored stucco on the west end and has a wood frame structural system clad in plywood siding on the east end. The side gable roof is covered with ribbed sheet metal. The main entryway is on the north elevation through a large rectangular opening on the concrete block segment that has had the double doors removed. Single wooden stall doors with latches and chicken wire openings are located along the north elevation of the wood frame pole barn segment. Visible windows include a mixture of individual, two -over -two metal single -hung sash units and rectangular openings with chicken wire attached to wooden slats. Distinguishing architectural features include overhanging eaves with boxed rafter tails and a concrete block wing with a large wood frame pole barn segment. Alterations include replacement roofing and the installation of wooden siding. An additional ca. 1962 outbuilding is located to the east of the resource (8CR01622). Overall, the building has been altered, lacks sufficient architectural features, and is not a significant embodiment of a type, period, or method of construction. In addition, background research did not reveal any historic associations with significant persons and/or events. As a result, 8CRO1621 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district. ACI 5-11 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Photo 5.15.7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 2) (8CR01622), looking south. 8CR01622: The outbuilding with no style at 7677 SR 29 was constructed in ca. 1962 (Photo 5.15). The one-story, rectangular plan building rests on poured concrete footings with no slab and has a wood frame structural system clad in plywood and sheet metal. The side gable roof is covered with 3V crimp sheet metal; however, several segments have been removed. The main entryway is on the north elevation through double wooden barn doors with metal hinges. Visible windows include an individual, two -over -two wooden single -hung sash unit with a missing glass pane. Distinguishing architectural features include overhanging eaves with boxed rafter tails, a barn door entry, and a barred rectangular opening on the west elevation. Alterations include partially removed roofing and siding. Additions include a gable roof extension on the west elevation that has deteriorated. An additional ca. 1962 outbuilding is located to the west of the resource (8CR01621). Overall, the building has been altered, lacks sufficient architectural features, and is not a significant embodiment of a type, period, or method of construction. In addition, background research did not reveal any historic associations with significant persons and/or events. As a result, 8CR01622 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district. 5.3 Conclusions Given the results of background research and field survey, including the excavation of 235 shovel tests, two historic archaeological sites (8CR01614, 8CR01615) and no prehistoric sites were identified; neither site appears eligible for listing in the NRHP. As a result of the historical/architectural field survey, three historic resources (8CR01620, 8CR01621, 8CR01622) were newly identified, recorded, and evaluated, and one previously recorded historic resource (8CR00670) was identified and re-evaluated within the APE. Overall, the newly identified Sunniland Quarry (8CR01620) is a common rock quarry found throughout southwest Florida and the two outbuildings with no style (8CR01621 and 8CR01622) lack sufficient architectural details. These newly identified historic resources are not significant embodiments of a type, period, or method of construction. In addition, background research did not reveal any historic associations with significant persons and/or events. The previously recorded resource, the Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) is associated with the first successful oil field in the State of Florida. Despite this association, the historic integrity ACI 5-12 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 of the resource has been destroyed through alterations and removal of equipment. The vast majority of the oil tanks and equipment associated with Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) have been removed from the site, as well as the pumpjack. As such, the resource does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A for its association with early oil drilling efforts in Florida as the overall integrity of the resource has been destroyed. Similarly, the remaining tanks and concrete slabs within Sunniland Field — Well #12 (8CR00670) do not appear to retain sufficient integrity for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C in the Area of Engineering as the majority of the primary equipment — including the pumpjack — has been removed from the well site. Thus, the resource does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as a part of a historic district. As such, there are no cultural resources that are listed, eligible for listing, determined eligible, or that appear potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the APE. Therefore, it is the professional opinion of ACI that development of the property will result in no historic properties affected. ACI 5-13 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 6.0 REFERENCES CITED Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) 1992 Mapping of Areas of Historical/Archaeological Probability in Collier County, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. MS# 3160. 1999 1999 Update Historic/Archaeological Probability Maps and Data Sheets for Collier County Florida. ACI, Sarasota. 2003 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey State Road 29 Wildlife Crossings, Collier County, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. MS# 9608. 2014a Cultural Resources Avoidance Model Nobles Grade 3D Seismic Survey Big Cypress National Preserve Collier County, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. 2014b Cultural Resources Predictive Model Tellus 3D Seismic Survey Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. 2018 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Eleven Bridge Replacements, Collier and Hendry Counties, Florida. ACI, Sarasota. MS# 27289. Advisory Council on Historic Preservation n.d. Meeting the "Reasonable and Good Faith " Identification Standard in Section 106 Review. http://www.achp.gov/docs/reasonable_good_faith_identification.pdf. Akerman, Joe A. 1976 Florida Cowman: A History of Florida Cattle Raising. Florida Cattlemen's Association, Kissimmee. 4th edition. Almy, Maranda M. 2001 The Cuban Fishing Ranchos of Southwest Florida 1600-1850s. Honor's thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville. Almy, Marion M. 1978 The Archaeological Potential of Soil Survey Reports. The Florida Anthropologist 31(3):75-91. Apthorp, W. L. 1872 Field Notes. Volume 220. On file, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. Apthorp, W. L. and T. S. Stearns 1874a Plat. Township 48 South, Range 29 East. On file, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. 1874b Plat. Township 48 South, Range 30 East. On file, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. Austin, Robert J. 1987 An Archaeological Site Inventory and Zone Management Plan for Lee County, Florida. Janus Research, Inc., Tampa. MS# 1561. 1996 Prehistoric Chert Procurement and Mobility Strategies on the Lake Wales Ridge. The Florida Anthropologist 49(4):211-223. 1997 The Economics of Lithic-Resource Use in South -Central Florida. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville. ACI 6-1 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Bellomo, Randy V. and Charles Fuhrmeister 1991 1992 Update of an Archaeological and Zone Management Plan for Lee County, Florida. Janus Research, Inc., Tampa. MS# 3145. Beriault, John G., Robert Carr, Jerry Stipp, Richard Johnson, and Jack Meeder 1981 The Archaeological Salvage of the Bay West Site, Collier County, Florida. The Florida Anthropologist 34(2):39-58. Brown, Percy 1989 A Family of Early Settlers of Immokalee. The Timepiece 16(l):3-9. Browning, William 1982 Cultural Resources Assessment Survey of S.R. 29 from 2.8 Miles North of S.R. 84 to North of Bridge #130, 9.0 Miles in Collier County. FDOT, Tallahassee. MS# 712. Bullen, Ripley P. 1975 A Guide to the Identification of Florida Projectile Points. Kendall Books, Gainesville. Carbone, Victor 1983 Late Quaternary Environment in Florida and the Southeast. The Florida Anthropologist 36(1-2):3-17. Carr, Robert 1988 An Archaeological Survey of Collier County, Florida. Archaeological and Historical Conservancy, Miami. MS# 2544. Carr, Robert S. 1986 Preliminary Report on Excavations at the Cutler Ridge Fossil Site (8DA2001) in Southern Florida. The Florida Anthropologist 39(3, Part 2):231-232. 2002 The Archaeology of Everglades Tree Islands. In Tree Islands of the Everglades. Edited by Fred H. Sklar and Arnold Van der Valk. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. Carr, Robert S. and John G. Beriault 1984 Prehistoric Man in Southern Florida. In Environments of South Florida, Past and Present. Edited by Patrick J. Gleason, pp. 1-14. Miami Geological Society Memoir 2, Miami. Carr, Robert S., Patricia Fay, and Jane S. Day 1991 Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Crane Point Hammock, Marathon, Monroe County. AHC Technical Report 24. Archaeological and Historical Conservancy, Davie. Chamber, Greater Naples 2020 Collier County Economic Development - A Year in Review. The Greater Naples Chamber, Naples. Clausen, Carl J., H. K. Brooks, and A. B. Wesolowsky 1975a The Early Man Site at Warm Mineral Springs, Florida. Journal of Field Archaeology 2(3):191-213. 1975b Florida Spring Confirmed as 10,000 Year Old Early Man Site. Florida Anthropological Society Publications 7 ACI 6-2 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Clausen, Carl J., A. D. Cohen, Cesare Emiliani, J. A. Holman, and J. J. Stipp 1979 Little Salt Spring, Florida: A Unique Underwater Site. Science 203(4381):609-614. Clement, Gail n.d. Barron Gift Collier. Everglades Digital Library, Florida International University, http://everglades.fiu.edu/reclaim/bios/collier.htm Cockrell, W. A. 1970 Glades I and Pre -Glades Settlement and Subsistence Patterns on Marco Island. MS Thesis, Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee. Cockrell, W. A. and Larry E. Murphy 1978 Pleistocene Man in Florida. Archaeology of Eastern North America 6: l - l 3. 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Delcourt 1981 Vegetation Maps for Eastern North America: 40,000 yr B.P. to the Present. In Geobotony IT Edited by R. C. Romans, pp. 123-165. Plenum Publishing Corp., New York. Dickel, David N. 1991 An Archaeological Survey of Collier County, Florida. AHC Technical Report 38. Archaeological and Historical Conservancy, Davie. MS# 2934. Dobyns, Henry F. 1983 Their Numbers Become Thinned. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville. ACI 6-3 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Duever, Michael J., John E. Carlson, John F. Meeder, Linda C. Duever, Lance H. Gunderson, Lawrence A. Riopelle, Taylor R. Alexander, Ronald L. Myers, and Daniel P. Spangler 1985 The Big Cypress National Preserve. Research Report 8. National Audubon Society, New York. Dunbar, James S. 2006a Paleoindian Archaeology. In First Floridians and Last Mastodons: The Page-Ladson Site in the Aucilla River. Edited by S. David Webb. 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Florida Preservation Services, St. Augustine. MS# 1108. ACI 6-4 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 Gleason, Patrick J., Arthur D. Cohen, William Smith, H. Kelly Brooks, Peter A. Stone, Robert Goodrick, and William Spackman, Jr. 1984 The Environmental Significance of Holocene Sediments from the Everglades and Saline Tidal Plain. In Environments of South Florida: Present and Past IT Edited by Patrick J. Gleason, pp. 297-351. Miami Geological Society, Coral Gables. Gleason, Patrick J. and P. Stone 1994 Age, Origin and Landscape Evolution of the Everglades Peatland. In Everglades: The Ecosystem and Its Restoration. Edited by S. M. Davis and J. C. Ogden, pp. 149-197. St. Lucie Press, Delray Beach. Goggin, John M. 1949 Cultural Traditions in Florida Prehistory. In The Florida Indian and His Neighbors. Edited by John W. Griffin, pp. 13-44. Inter -American Center, Winter Park. Google Earth 2022 Google Earth Imagery. 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University Press of Florida, Gainesville. State of Florida, Department of Environmental Protection n.d.-a Tract Book. Volume 26. On file, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. n.d.-b Tract Book. Volume 25. On file, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. Stearns, T.S. 1874 Field Notes. Volume 225.On file, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee. Tampa Tribune 1955 "Pioneer Florida." Tampa Tribune, January 2. Tampa Bay Times 1956 "Rock Mining Starts in Collier." Tampa Bay Times, December 24, 1956. Accessed December 6, 2021. https://www.newspapers.com. Tebeau, Charlton W. 1966 Florida's Last Frontier: The History of Collier County. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables. 1980 A History of Florida. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables. Revised Edition. Tebeau, Charlton W. and Ruby Leach Carson, Eds. 1965 Florida -- From Indian Trail to Space Age. Southern Publishing Co., Delray Beach. 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Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge, Naples. http://www.fws.gov/refuges/profiles/index.cfm?id=41545 ACI 6-8 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 U.S. Census Bureau (USCB) 2021 Florida Quick Facts. http://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/00 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1962 Aerial Photograph: 12-17-62, DSM-2DD-144. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. 1980 Aerial Photographs: 1-2-80, 12021-178-208, 209. On file, PALMM, Gainesville. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 1958a Immokalee SW, Fla. 1984 PR 1973. 1958b Sunniland, Fla. 1982 PR 1973. 2013a Immokalee SW, Fla. USA—Topo—Maps. 2013b Sunniland, Fla. USA Topo—Maps. Vulcan Materials Company 2021 "Construction Materials — Sunniland." Vulcan Materials Company. Accessed December 10, 2021. https://www.vulcanmaterials.com/construction- materials/facilities/view/sunniland Watts, William A. 1969 A Pollen Diagram from Mud Lake, Marion County, North-Central Florida. 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MS# 265. 1988 The Evolution of the Calusa. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa. ACI 6-10 February 2022 CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve P21149 APPENDIX A FMSF Forms Page 1 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site #8 CR0 0 6 7 0 Field Date 12-23-2021 ❑Original FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE Form Date 1-19 - 2 02 2 ❑x Update Version 5.0 3/19 Recorder# 0001�) Consult the Guide to the Resource Group Form for additional instructions NOTE: Use this form to document districts, landscapes, building complexes and linear resources as described in the box below. Cultural resources contributing to the Resource Group should also be documented individually at the Site File. Do not use this form for National Register multiple property submissions (MPSs). National Register MPSs are treated as Site File manuscripts and are associated with the individual resources included under the MPS cover using the Site File manuscript number. Check ONE box that best describes the Resource Group: ❑ Historic district (NR category "district"): buildings and NR structures only: NO archaeological sites ❑ Archaeological district (NR category "district"): archaeological sites only: NO buildings or NR structures ❑ Mixed district (NR category "district"): includes more than one type of cultural resource (example: archaeological sites and buildings) ❑ Building complex (NR category usually "building(s)"): multiple buildings in close spatial and functional association ❑ Designed historic landscape (NR category usually "district" or "site"): can include multiple resources (see National Register Bulletin #18, page 2 for more detailed definition and examples: e.g. parks, golf courses, campuses, resorts, etc.) ❑x Rural historic landscape (NR category usually "district" or "site"): can include multiple resources and resources not formally designed (see National Register Bulletin #30, Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Rural Historic Landscapes for more detailed definition and examples: e.g. farmsteads, fish camps, lumber camps, traditional ceremonial sites, etc.) ❑ Linear resource (NR category usually "structure"): Linear resources are a special type of structure or historic landscape and can include canals, railways, roads, etc. Resource Group Name Sunniland Field - Well #12 Multiple Listing [DHR only] Project Name CRAS Collier Rod & Gun Club, Collier County FMSF Survey # National Register Category (please check one): ❑building(s) ❑structure Odistrict ❑site Linear Resource Type (if applicable): ❑canal ❑railway ❑road ❑other (describe): Ownership: ❑private -profit ❑ private -non profit ❑private -individual ❑x private -nonspecific ❑city ❑county ❑state ❑object ❑federal ❑Native American ❑foreign ❑unknown Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction Address: 7992 Oil Well Park Road City/Town (within 3 miles) Immokalee In Current City Limits? Oyes Ono ❑unknown County or Counties (do not abbreviate) Collier Name of Public Tract (e.g., park) 1) Township 48S Range 30E Section 19 '/4section 2) Township Range Section 1/4 section 3) Township Range Section 1/4 section 4) Township Range Section 1/4 section USGS 7.5' Map(s) 1) Name SUNNILAND 2) Name Plat, Aerial, or Other Map (map's name, originating office with location) Landgrant ❑NW ❑NW ❑NW ❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE USGS Date 1958 USGS Date Irregular -name: Verbal Description of Boundaries (description does not replace required map) Located along the south side of Oil Well Park Road; approximately 0.39 miles east of the intersection of Oil Well Park Road and Old Oil Well Road. DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATIONDHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO - Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: Oyes Ono ❑insufficient info Date Init. KEEPER - Determined eligible: Oyes Ono Date NR Criteria for Evaluation: ❑a ❑b ❑c ❑d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2) ❑ Owner Objection HR6E057R0319, effective 05/2016 Florida Master Site File I Div. of Historical Resources I R. A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Rule 1A46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.64401 Fax 850.245.64391 E-mail SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site#8 CR00670 Construction Year: 1954 ❑approximately ❑year listed or earlier ❑x year listed or later Architect/Designer: Builder: Total number of individual resources included in this Resource Group: # of contributing Time period(s) of significance (choose a period from the list or type in date range(s), e.g. 1895-1925) J.-Modern (Post 1950) 3. 2. 4. 4arratlye Description (National Register Bulletin 16A pp. 33-34; attach supplementary sheets if needed) See continuation sheet. of non-contributing ❑x FMSF record search (sites/surveys) ❑library research ❑building permits ❑Sanborn maps ❑FL State Archives/photo collection ❑city directory ❑occupant/owner interview ❑plat maps pproperty appraiser / tax records ❑newspaper files ❑neighbor interview ❑Public Lands Survey (DEP) ❑cultural resource survey ❑historic photos ❑interior inspection ❑HABS/HAER record search pother methods (specify) USDA historic aerial photographs (PALMM) Bibliographic References (give FMSF Manuscript # if relevant) Publication of Archival Library and Museum Materials (PALMM), accessible online at: http://palmm.fcla.edu/ Potentially eligible individually for National Register of Historic Places? []yes Ono ❑insufficient information Potentially eligible as contributor to a National Register district? ❑yes ❑x no ❑insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required, see National Register Bulletin 16A p. 48-49. Attach longer statement, if needed, on separate sheet.) See continuation sheet. Area(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. "architecture', "ethnic heritage", "community planning & development", etc.) 1. 3. 5. 2. 4. 6. Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents 1) Documenttype All materials at one location Maintaining organization Archaeological Consultants Inc Document description Files, photos, research, document File or accession#'s P21149 2) Document type Document description Maintaining organization File or accession #'s Recorder Name savannah Young Affiliation Archaeological Consultants Inc Recorder Contact Information 8110 Blaikie Court, Ste. A / Sarasota, FL/ 34240 /aciflorida@comcast.net (address / phone / fax / e-mail) O PHOTOCOPY OF USGS 7.5' MAP WITH DISTRICT BOUNDARY CLEARLY MARKED Required © LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP WITH RESOURCES MAPPED & LABELED Attachments © TABULATION OF ALL INCLUDED RESOURCES - Include name, FMSF #, contributing? Y/N, resource category, street address or other location information if no address. O PHOTOS OF GENERAL STREETSCAPE OR VIEWS (Optional: aerial photos, views of typical resources) When submitting images, they must be included in digital AND hard copy format (plain paper grayscale acceptable). Digital images must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 2b RESOURCE GROUP FORM 8CR00670 CONTINUATION SHEET The Sunniland Field — Well #12 Rural Historic Landscape is located at 7992 Oil Well Park Road within Section 19 of Township 48 South, Range 30 East (USGS Sunniland 1958). The resource group encompasses approximately 2.81 acres on the south side of Oil Well Park Road, and it is located approximately 0.39 miles east of the intersection of Oil Well Park Road and Old Oil Well Road. Sunniland Well #12 — established between ca. 1954 and 1958 — was first recorded during the Historic/Architectural Survey of Collier County, Florida conducted by Florida Preservation Services in 1986; however, the resource was not evaluated by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO). Oil drilling efforts began in Florida as early as ca. 1900; however, the search was limited to the Florida Panhandle and the efforts were ultimately unsuccessful. Between 1921 and 1923, Barron G. Collier acquired approximately 1.3 million acres in southwest Florida that would eventually become Collier and Hendry counties, including what is now Big Cypress Preserve (Wells and Wells 2004). During the mid- 1930s, Collier negotiated an oil lease with the Gulf Oil Company which conducted seismic testing and searched for oil within the area until leaving in 1938. After several years of failed attempts, the Humble Oil and Refining Company (later known as Exxon and ExxonMobil) was assigned an oil lease in southwest Florida and began testing in the vicinity of the Sunniland stop on the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad line (Wells and Wells 2004). The first successful oil well — Sunniland No. 1 — was completed by Humble Oil and Refining Company on September 26, 1943. By 1954, the Sunniland Oil Field was comprised of 11 oil wells and was Florida's top producer (Wells and Wells 2004). The exact age of the extant oil tanks at Sunniland Field — Well #12 could not be determined; however, according to historic topographical maps, Well #12 was established between ca. 1954 and 1958 (Wells and Wells 2004; USGS 1958). Few historic aerial photographs of this exact location are available for review, but a 1973 aerial reveals that the site was equipped with approximately 13 oil tanks, additional equipment, and the oil pumpjack (oil well pump) to the far left (Photo 1). The well site remained intact as late as ca. 1985; however, by ca. 1993 the pumpjack and approximately six of the oil wells had been removed (FDOT 1985, 1993). Sunniland Field— Well #12 appears to have reached the current configuration in ca. 2014 (Google Earth 2022). The well site is currently comprised of four metal oil tanks (three historic and one non -historic), remnants of exposed piping, and a variety of concrete slabs and retaining walls. Two of the remaining oil tanks are identical in appearance — stout, cylindrical metal tanks with slightly domed tops (Photo 1: Tanks A & B). The tanks are connected by a raised metal catwalk and labeled "OIL — OUT OF SERVICE 2010." Remnants of metal piping are located to the north of these tanks and this eastern portion of the field is lined with a deteriorated concrete retaining wall. A non -historic oil tank is located to the southwest of the paired tanks and adjacent to the southern boundary of the resource group. Remnants of concrete slabs are located throughout the central portion of the resource group, as well as an additional historic oil tank (Photo 1: Tank Q. Although Sunniland Field — Well #12 is associated with the first successful oil field in the State of Florida, the well site has been significantly altered over the years. The vast majority of the oil tanks and associated equipment have been removed from the site, as well as the pumpjack. As such, the well site does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A for its association with early oil drilling efforts in Florida as the overall integrity of the well site has been destroyed. Similarly, the remaining tanks and concrete slabs do not appear to retain sufficient integrity for listing in the NRHP under Criterion C in the Area of Engineering as the majority of the primary equipment —including the pumpjack — has been removed from the well site. As a result, 8CR00670 does not appear eligible for listing in the NRHP, either individually or as part of a historic district. Page 2c RESOURCE GROUP FORM 8CR00670 CONTINUATION SHEET Photo 1. 1973 aerial photograph depicting Sunniland Field — Well #12 prior to the removal of the oil pump (green arrow) and the majority of the associated equipment/tanks (FDOT 1973). The orange lines denote the approximate boundary of the resource, while the red arrows denote extant historic oil tanks. REFERENCES Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) 1973 Aerial Photograph. 2-8-73, PD-1137-13-26. Photography Archive, Tallahassee. 1985 Aerial Photograph. 2-14-85, PD-3107-16-30 Photography Archive, Tallahassee. 1993 Aerial Photograph. 11-1-93, PD-4214-16-32 Photography Archive, Tallahassee. Florida Preservation Services 1986 Historic/Architectural Survey Tallahassee. Survey No. 01108. Google Earth 2022 Google Earth Imagery. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1958 Sunniland, FL. Aerial Photo Look Up System (APLUS). Aerial Aerial Photo Look Up System (APLUS). Aerial Aerial Photo Look Up System (APLUS). Aerial of Collier County, Florida. Florida Preservation Services, Wells, B.A., and K.L. Wells 2004 "First Florida Oil Well." American Oil and Gas Historical Society. Accessed December 10, 2021. https:Haoghs.org/petroleum-pioneers/first-florida-oil-well/. Page 3 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8CR00670 PHOTOGRAPHS Page 4 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8CR00670 IF' ftso 'AT e: Page 5 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8CR00670 1► 2 r � µ :41M J IA , �► � i. ° = ,. :AW . At tic', �. r . �• , try y''" � _ ' _ �. V V r �h - - as _ A State of Florida, Maxar, Micro ofl, Esri • ommunity Maps • onlri6ulors.i_� ::• •'' 0 ZJ 50 S ut Florid •ounty of •allier, FpEP, pen tre t ap, Micr o11 x�_:,::., Haters i E E, ar in, fn^r 1111NCREMENT P, ME711N SA, SGS, EPA. NPS. US Page 6 - RESOURCE GROUP FORM USGS Sunniland Township 48 South, Range 30 East, Section 19 Site # 8CR00670 .Ago- N 4GNP +' �. -46• r „f j e SCR00670 �+ s • d 4 Avow- dOl- t ♦ � s:: s� -Ab- ► �. -dip -fir- , - -- w � ' r � - y 0 150 300 }3 ationaV Geographic 8 t F9ed. ` Meters , Page 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM EOriginal FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE ❑Update Version 5.0 3/19 Consult Guide to Archaeological Site Form for detailed instructions Site #8 Field Date Form Date. Recorder # CRO1614 12-13-2021 12-30-2021 Site Name(s) R&G Scatter Multiple Listing (DHR only) Project Name CRAS Collier Rod & Gun Club, Collier County Survey # (DHR only) Ownership: Eprivate-profit []private -nonprofit []private -individual []private -nonspecific []city []county []state []federal []Native American []foreign []unknown USGS 7.5 Map Name SUNNILAND USGS Date 2013 Plat or Other Map City/Town (within 3 miles) In City Limits? ❑yes Ono ❑unknown County Collier Township 48S Range 30E Section 29 %section:❑NW NSW ❑SE ❑NE Irregular -name: Township Range Section %section:❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE Landgrant Tax Parcel # UTM Coordinates: Zone ❑16 ❑x 17 Easting 4 6 5 6 1 o Northing 121910 1513 1 9 Other Coordinates: X: Y: Coordinate System & Datum Address / Vicinity / Route to: Name of Public Tract (e.g., park) SETTING ELand (terrestrial) ❑Wetland (palustrine) ❑Lake/Pond (lacustrine) ❑usually flooded ❑River/Stream/Creek (riverine) El usually dry []Tidal (estuarine) ❑Cave/Sink (subterranean) []Saltwater (marine) ❑terrestrial ❑aquatic Other Features or Functions (Choose from the list or type a response.) 1. 2 STRUCTURES OR FEATURES ❑log boat ❑fort ❑road segment ❑agric/farm building ❑midden ❑shell midden ❑burial mound ❑mill ❑shell mound ❑building remains []mission ❑shipwreck ❑cemetery/grave []mound, nonspecific []subsurface features Edump/refuse ❑plantation Esurface scatter ❑earthworks (historic) []platform mound ❑well •111 N I1I11 1• EM-11IDapply) ABORIGINAL []Englewood ❑Manasota ❑St. Johns (nonspecific) []Swift Creek (nonspecific) ❑Alachua ❑Fort Walton ❑Mississippian ❑St. Johns I []Swift Creek, Early []Archaic (nonspecific) ❑Glades (nonspecific) ❑Mount Taylor []St. Johns II []Swift Creek, Late []Archaic, Early ❑Glades I ❑Norwood []Santa Rosa ❑Transitional []Archaic, Middle ❑Glades II ❑Orange []Santa Rosa -Swift Creek ❑Weeden Island (nonspecific) []Archaic, Late ❑Glades III ❑Paleoindian ❑Seminole (nonspecific) ❑Weeden Island I []Belle Glade ❑Hickory Pond ❑Pensacola []Seminole: Colonization ❑Weeden Island II ❑Cades Pond ❑Leon -Jefferson ❑Perico Island []Seminole: 1st War To 2nd ❑Prehistoric (nonspecific) ❑Caloosahatchee ❑Malabar I ❑Safety Harbor []Seminole: 2nd War To 3rd ❑Prehistoric non -ceramic ❑Deptford ❑Malabar II El St. Augustine ❑Seminole: 3rd War & After ❑Prehistoric ceramic Other Cultures (Choose from the list or type a response. For historic sites, give specific dates.) 1. 3. 2. 4. Potentially eligible individually for National Register of Historic Places? ❑yes Eno []insufficient information Potentially eligible as contributor to a National Register district? ❑yes Eno []insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required if evaluated; use separate sheet if needed) low research potential FUNCTION []campsite ❑extractive site []habitation (prehistoric) []homestead (historic) ❑farmstead []village (prehistoric) []town (historic) []quarry (prehistoric) NON -ABORIGINAL []First Spanish 1513-99 []First Spanish 1600-99 []First Spanish 1700-1763 []First Spanish (nonspecific) []British 1763-1783 []Second Spanish 1783-1821 ❑American Territorial 182145 ❑American Civil War 1861-65 ❑American 19th Century EAmerican 20th Century []American (nonspecific) []African -American DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATIONDHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO - Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: ❑yes ❑no ❑insufficient info Date Init. KEEPER - Determined eligible: ❑yes []no Date ❑Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: ❑a ❑b ❑c ❑d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2) HR6E045R0319, effective 05/2016 Florida Master Site File I Div. of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.64401 Fax 850.245.64391 E-mail SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site #8 CRO 1614 FIELD IN D TT I Dll If: cln3S� SITE DETECTION SITE BOUNDARY Ono field check pexposed ground ❑screened shovel ❑bounds unknown ❑remote sensing ❑unscreened shovel ❑literature search ❑posthole tests ❑screened shovel-1/4° ❑none by recorder Dexposed ground ❑x screened shovel ❑informant report ❑auger tests ❑screened shovel-1/8° ❑literature search ❑posthole tests ❑block excavations ❑remote sensing ❑unscreened shovel ❑screened shovel-1n6" ❑informant report ❑auger tests ❑estimate or guess )ther methods; number, size, depth, pattern of units; screen size (attach site plan) 4 shovel tests, 65 m, 1 positive; 50 cm diameter, 1 m deep, 6.4 mm mesh; surface reconnaissance Extent/Size (62) 233 Depth/stratigraphy of cultural deposit (describe below) 0-20 cm dark brown wet sand, 20-50 cm gray -brown sand; compact yellow -brown clay @ 50 cm Temporal Interpretation - Components (check one): ❑x single component ❑multiple component ❑uncertain )escribe each occupation in plan (refer to attached large scale map) and stratigraphically. Discuss temporal and functional interpretations: scatter of glass, metal, bucket, refrigerator, tires; roadside trash dump Integrity - Overall disturbance: ❑none seen ❑x minor ❑substantial ❑major ❑redeposited ❑destroyed -document! ❑unknown Disturbances / threats / protective measures none / development / none Surface collection: area collected m2 # collection units Excavation: # noncontiguous blocks ARTIFACTS Total Artifacts # 3 Ocount Oestimate Surface # 3 1 Subsurface # COLLECTION SELECTIVITY ARTIFACT CATEGORIES and DISPOSITIONS ❑X unknown ❑unselective (all artifacts) 0 Metal select a disposition from the list below - for each artifact category selected at left ❑selective (some artifacts) S Glass ❑mixed selectivity 0 - Miscellaneous historic A - category always collected SPATIAL CONTROL _ S - some items in category collected puncollected ❑general (not by subarea) 0 - observed first hand, but not collected ❑unknown ❑controlled (by subarea) R - collected and subsequently left at site ❑variable spatial control I - informant reported category present ❑other (describe in comments below) - U - unknown Artifact Comments 3 bottles DIAGNOSTICS (type or mode, and frequency: e.g., Suwanee ppk, heat -treated chert, Deptford Check -stamped, ironstone/white ware) 1. Brockway Glass N= 1 4. No Deposit/No Retunr N= 3 7. N= 2. Anchor -Hocking N= 1 5. N= 8. N= 3. Thatcher Mfg N= 1 6. N= 9. N= Nearest fresh water: Type Name Distance from site (m) Natural community Topography Elevation: Min 5 m Max IT Local vegetation Hardwoods, palm, ficus, Brazilian pepper Present land use cattle SCS soil series Hallandale -Boca fs association 0-2°s Soil association Pineda-Boca-Hallandale Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents 1) Documenttype All materials at one location Maintaining organization Archaeological Consultants Inc Document description File or accession #'s P2114 9 2) Document type Maintaining organization Document description File or accession #'s RECORDER 1' INFORMATION Informant Information: Name Address / Phone / E-mail Recorder Information: Name Elizabeth A. Horvath Affiliation Archaeological Consultants Inc Address/Phone/E-mail 98 Hickorywood Dr., Crawfordville, FL 32327 850.926.9285 acinorth@comcast.net Required O PHOTOCOPY OF 7.5° USGS QUAD MAP WITH SITE BOUNDARIES MARKED and SITE PLAN Attachments Plan at 1:3,600 or larger. Show boundaries, scale, north arrow, test/collection units, landmarks and date. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CR01614 PHOTOGRAPHS p, 'o g �-a'�It� �11 • �Ce' IN aaa , -- ' r Setting, facing southwest Appliance and other debris ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CRO1614 Positive Test N ` O Negative Test Newly Recorded Site ■ f i y BCRO1614 w eop - �' •'� • • `,IV 41b + 4f r ` �ML + rim 41 fate Florid axar, MicrospTl. Esri •pmmuni[y Maps ntri utprs, University 0 ` _ �0 f Sauth FI rid • ounty Ili r FOEP, ®a a tr M , Micr f[, E ri, {1ERE. armor, a e raph, I C EMENT P, METIINHS , U , EPA, NP , U Meters ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM USGS Sunniland Site # 8CRO1614 a � ti 4 N 3 } 2C + �l am I �- - w . - M j::�- ' Sunnil mow 8CR0i614 _ 1 j _ � L• �� I1 a�iWl ■+�-� �� � � ma's - "` y4� — ►r it V .410 40 132 0 150 30�eters CWight:© � 2013 N ionaf Geographic Society, i-cu ■� Page 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM EOriginal FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE ❑Update Version 5.0 3/19 Consult Guide to Archaeological Site Form for detailed instructions Site #8 Field Date Form Date. Recorder # CRO1615 12-14-2021 12-30-2021 Site Name(s) R&G Auto Field Multiple Listing (DHR only) Project Name CRAS Collier Rod & Gun Club, Collier County Survey # (DHR only) Ownership: Eprivate-profit []private -nonprofit []private -individual []private -nonspecific []city []county []state []federal []Native American []foreign []unknown USGS 7.5 Map Name SUNNILAND USGS Date 2013 Plat or Other Map City/Town (within 3 miles) In City Limits? ❑yes Ono ❑unknown County Collier Township 48S Range 30E Section %section:❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE Irregular -name: Township Range Section %section:❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE Landgrant Tax Parcel # UTM Coordinates: Zone ❑16 ❑x 17 Easting 4 6 5 4 9 s Northing 12 1910 151 1 9 5 Other Coordinates: X: Y: Coordinate System & Datum Address / Vicinity / Route to: Name of Public Tract (e.g., park) SETTING ❑x Land (terrestrial) ❑Wetland (palustrine) ❑Lake/Pond (lacustrine) ❑usually flooded ❑River/Stream/Creek (riverine) El usually dry []Tidal (estuarine) ❑Cave/Sink (subterranean) []Saltwater (marine) ❑terrestrial ❑aquatic Other Features or Functions (Choose from the list or type a response.) 1. 2 STRUCTURES OR FEATURES ❑log boat ❑fort ❑road segment ❑agric/farm building ❑midden ❑shell midden ❑burial mound ❑mill ❑shell mound ❑building remains []mission ❑shipwreck ❑cemetery/grave []mound, nonspecific []subsurface features Edump/refuse ❑plantation Esurface scatter ❑earthworks (historic) []platform mound ❑well •111 N I1I11 1• EM-11IDapply) ABORIGINAL []Englewood ❑Manasota ❑St. Johns (nonspecific) []Swift Creek (nonspecific) ❑Alachua ❑Fort Walton ❑Mississippian ❑St. Johns I []Swift Creek, Early []Archaic (nonspecific) ❑Glades (nonspecific) ❑Mount Taylor []St. Johns II []Swift Creek, Late []Archaic, Early ❑Glades I ❑Norwood []Santa Rosa ❑Transitional []Archaic, Middle ❑Glades II ❑Orange []Santa Rosa -Swift Creek ❑Weeden Island (nonspecific) []Archaic, Late ❑Glades III ❑Paleoindian ❑Seminole (nonspecific) ❑Weeden Island I []Belle Glade ❑Hickory Pond ❑Pensacola []Seminole: Colonization ❑Weeden Island II ❑Cades Pond ❑Leon -Jefferson ❑Perico Island []Seminole: 1st War To 2nd ❑Prehistoric (nonspecific) ❑Caloosahatchee ❑Malabar I ❑Safety Harbor []Seminole: 2nd War To 3rd ❑Prehistoric non -ceramic ❑Deptford ❑Malabar II El St. Augustine ❑Seminole: 3rd War & After ❑Prehistoric ceramic Other Cultures (Choose from the list or type a response. For historic sites, give specific dates.) 1. 3. 2. 4. Potentially eligible individually for National Register of Historic Places? ❑yes Eno []insufficient information Potentially eligible as contributor to a National Register district? ❑yes Eno []insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required if evaluated; use separate sheet if needed) low research potential FUNCTION []campsite ❑extractive site []habitation (prehistoric) []homestead (historic) ❑farmstead []village (prehistoric) []town (historic) []quarry (prehistoric) NON -ABORIGINAL []First Spanish 1513-99 []First Spanish 1600-99 []First Spanish 1700-1763 []First Spanish (nonspecific) []British 1763-1783 []Second Spanish 1783-1821 ❑American Territorial 182145 ❑American Civil War 1861-65 ❑American 19th Century EAmerican 20th Century []American (nonspecific) []African -American DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATIONDHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO - Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: ❑yes ❑no ❑insufficient info Date Init. KEEPER - Determined eligible: ❑yes []no Date ❑Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: ❑a ❑b ❑c ❑d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2) HR6E045R0319, effective 05/2016 Florida Master Site File I Div. of Historical Resources / R. A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.64401 Fax 850.245.64391 E-mail SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site #8 CRO 1615 FIELD lU1DI11f:c171 S (M- MMI Ifll� , SITE DETECTION SITE BOUNDARY Ono field check pexposed ground ❑screened shovel ❑bounds unknown ❑remote sensing ❑unscreened shovel ❑literature search ❑posthole tests ❑screened shovel-1/4" ❑none by recorder Elexposed ground ❑screened shovel ❑informant report ❑auger tests ❑screened shovel-1/8° ❑literature search ❑posthole tests ❑block excavations ❑remote sensing ❑unscreened shovel ❑screened shovel-1/6" ❑informant report ❑auger tests ❑estimate or guess )ther methods; number, size, depth, pattern of units; screen size (attach site plan) 2 shovel tests, 65-100 m; 50 cm diameter, 1 m deep, 6.4 mm mesh; surface reconnaissance Extent/Size m2 1 , 844 Depth/stratigraphy of cultural deposit describe below 0-20 cm dark gray brown wet sand, 20-40 cm yellow -brown clayey sand; water @ 35 cm Temporal Interpretation - Components (check one): ❑x single component ❑multiple component ❑uncertain )escribe each occupation in plan (refer to attached large scale map) and stratigraphically. Discuss temporal and functional interpretations: scatter of cars and parts from the 1940s & 1950s Integrity - Overall disturbance: ❑none seen ❑x minor ❑substantial ❑major ❑redeposited ❑destroyed -document! ❑unknown Disturbances / threats / protective measures none / development / none Surface collection: area collected m2 # collection units Excavation: # noncontiguous blocks ARTIFACTS Total Artifacts # Ocount Oestimate Surface # I Subsurface # COLLECTION SELECTIVITY ARTIFACT CATEGORIES and DISPOSITIONS ❑unknown punselective (all artifacts) select a disposition from the list below ❑selective (some artifacts) for each artifact category selected at left ❑mixed selectivity A - category always collected SPATIAL CONTROL S - some items in category collected ❑uncollected ❑x general (not by subarea) 0 - observed first hand, but not collected ❑unknown ❑controlled (by subarea) R - collected and subsequently left at site ❑variable spatial control I - informant reported category present ❑other (describe in comments below) U - unknown Artifact Comments no artifacts collected DIAGNOSTICS (type or mode, and frequency: e.g., Suwanee ppk, heat -treated chert, Deptford Check -stamped, ironstone/whiteware) 1. N= 4. N= 7. N= 2. N= 5. N= 8. N= 3. N= 6. N= 9. N= Nearest fresh water: Type Name Distance from site (m) Natural community Topography Elevation: Min 5 m Max m Localvegetation Ficus, palm, pine, hardwoods, Brazilian pepper Present land use Cattle SCS soil series Hallandale -Boca fs assn 0-2% Soil association Pineda-Boca -Hallandale Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents 1) Documenttype All materials at one location Maintaining organization Archaeological Consultants Inc Document description File or accession #'s P21149 2) Document type Maintaining organization Document description File or accession #'s RECORDER 1' INFORMATION Informant Information: Name Address / Phone / E-mail Recorder Information: Name Elizabeth A. Horvath Affiliation Archaeological Consultants Inc Address/Phone/E-mail 98 Hickorywood Dr., Crawfordville, FL 32327 850.926.9285 acinorth@comcast.net Required O PHOTOCOPY OF 7.5° USGS QUAD MAP WITH SITE BOUNDARIES MARKED and SITE PLAN Attachments Plan at 1:3,600 or larger. Show boundaries, scale, north arrow, test/collection units, landmarks and date. 0 5 10 0 Meters ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CRO1615 CAR/PARTS LOCATION MAP PHOTOGRAPHS w . y I ZINI-4 8CRO1615 — general setting, facing north. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CR01615 Car 1. t y i' I� �' f■ ys � 1� l�' ./d.l.iq' R'A�g+ I �• p. �S R - a � VP AM �b .. OFF �.� "may_ •.: � . si Y - � a xx Cart parts 2, 3, and 4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CR01615 'e NX 4: Vf Car parts 5. t�-= •fir,. ;_ . ,� ^W� � -. d..�",.�•:'.-.^may, - AN ��� L � _ e�{ /Y t"!p�•c�.�� w,l Yb`L pY �'�' 'e _'fw �� d � � � � Y ~ems..- ,i+.��''%�•"' �+ ,� Car 6. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CR01615 Car 7. Car 8. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CR01615 Car parts 9. f Car 10. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CR01615 Car 11. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM Site # 8CRO1615 USGS Sunniland 'w„ r. a-M 1 2T Sunnil - '&0 ... 0 -- ---` - M l ` 8CR01615■ AMP }¢ is —0. -� ..- ;- 32 Ar ; If 0 150 300 Gopyright:�2013 National Gephic Society, i-cubed. Meters -mw� r Page 1 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site #8 CRO 16 2 0 Field Date 12-23-2021 ❑x Original FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE Form Date 1-19 - 2 02 2 ❑Update Version 5.0 3/19 Recorder# 0001�) Consult the Guide to the Resource Group Form for additional instructions NOTE: Use this form to document districts, landscapes, building complexes and linear resources as described in the box below. Cultural resources contributing to the Resource Group should also be documented individually at the Site File. Do not use this form for National Register multiple property submissions (MPSs). National Register MPSs are treated as Site File manuscripts and are associated with the individual resources included under the MPS cover using the Site File manuscript number. Check ONE box that best describes the Resource Group: ❑ Historic district (NR category "district"): buildings and NR structures only: NO archaeological sites ❑ Archaeological district (NR category "district"): archaeological sites only: NO buildings or NR structures ❑ Mixed district (NR category "district"): includes more than one type of cultural resource (example: archaeological sites and buildings) ❑ Building complex (NR category usually "building(s)"): multiple buildings in close spatial and functional association ❑ Designed historic landscape (NR category usually "district" or "site"): can include multiple resources (see National Register Bulletin #18, page 2 for more detailed definition and examples: e.g. parks, golf courses, campuses, resorts, etc.) ❑x Rural historic landscape (NR category usually "district" or "site"): can include multiple resources and resources not formally designed (see National Register Bulletin #30, Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Rural Historic Landscapes for more detailed definition and examples: e.g. farmsteads, fish camps, lumber camps, traditional ceremonial sites, etc.) ❑ Linear resource (NR category usually "structure"): Linear resources are a special type of structure or historic landscape and can include canals, railways, roads, etc. Resource Group Name Sunniland Quarry Multiple Listing [DHR only] Project Name CRAS Collier Rod & Gun Club, Collier County FMSF Survey # National Register Category (please check one): ❑building(s) Ostructure ❑district ❑site Linear Resource Type (if applicable): ❑canal ❑railway ❑road ❑other (describe): Ownership: Eprivate-profit ❑ private -non profit ❑private -individual ❑private -nonspecific ❑city ❑county ❑state Street Number Direction Street Name ❑object ❑federal ❑Native American ❑foreign ❑unknown Street Type Suffix Direction Address: State Road 29 City/Town (within 3 miles) Immokalee In Current City Limits? Oyes Ono ❑unknown County or Counties (do not abbreviate) Collier Name of Public Tract (e.g., park) 1) Township 48S Range 30E Section 29 '/4section 2) Township Range Section 1/4 section 3) Township Range Section 1/4 section 4) Township Range Section 1/4 section USGS 7.5' Map(s) 1) Name SUNNILAND 2) Name Plat, Aerial, or Other Map (map's name, originating office with location) Landgrant ❑NW ❑NW ❑NW ❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE USGS Date 1958 USGS Date Irregular -name: Verbal Description of Boundaries (description does not replace required map) An approx. 198 acre irregularly -shaped quarry, accessed by a dirt path along the west side of SR 29 and approx. 0.62 miles south of Oil Well Park Road. DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATIONDHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO - Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: Oyes Ono ❑insufficient info Date Init. KEEPER - Determined eligible: Oyes Ono Date NR Criteria for Evaluation: ❑a ❑b ❑c ❑d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2) ❑ Owner Objection HR6E057R0319, effective 05/2016 Florida Master Site File I Div. of Historical Resources I R. A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 Rule 1A46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.64401 Fax 850.245.64391 E-mail SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site #8 CRO 16 2 0 Construction Year: 1956 ❑x approximately ❑year listed or earlier ❑year listed or later Architect/Designer: Builder: Total number of individual resources included in this Resource Group: # of contributing Time period(s) of significance (choose a period from the list or type in date range(s), e.g. 1895-1925) J.-Modern (Post 1950) 3. 2. 4. of non-contributing 4arratlye Description (National Register Bulletin 16A pp. 33-34; attach supplementary sheets if needed) The Sunniland Quarry was estab. by Industrial Limerock, Inc. in 1956 and produced rock/aggregates for road construction and other industrial/building purposes. The remainder of the quarry operation is located outside of the APE, east of SR 29. ❑x FMSF record search (sites/surveys) ❑library research ❑building permits ❑Sanborn maps ❑FL State Archives/photo collection ❑city directory ❑occupant/owner interview ❑plat maps pproperty appraiser / tax records ❑newspaper files ❑neighbor interview ❑Public Lands Survey (DEP) ❑cultural resource survey ❑historic photos ❑interior inspection ❑HABS/HAER record search pother methods (specify) USDA historic aerial photographs (PALMM) Bibliographic References (give FMSF Manuscript # if relevant) Publication of Archival Library and Museum Materials (PALMM), accessible online at: http://palmm.fcla.edu/ Potentially eligible individually for National Register of Historic Places? []yes Ono ❑insufficient information Potentially eligible as contributor to a National Register district? ❑yes ❑x no ❑insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required, see National Register Bulletin 16A p. 48-49. Attach longer statement, if needed, on separate sheet.) The resource is a common rock quarry found throughout southwest Florida and it is not a significant embodiment of a type, period, or method of construction; and has no known significant historic associations. Area(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. "architecture", "ethnic heritage", "community planning & development", etc.) 1. 3. 5. 2. 4. 6. Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents 1) Documenttype All materials at one location Maintaining organization Archaeological Consultants Inc Document description Files, photos, research, document File or accession#'s P21149 2) Document type Document description Maintaining organization File or accession #'s Recorder Name savannah Young Affiliation Archaeological Consultants Inc Recorder Contact Information 8110 Blaikie Court, Ste. A / Sarasota, FL/ 34240 /aciflorida@comcast.net (address / phone / fax / e-mail) O PHOTOCOPY OF USGS 7.5' MAP WITH DISTRICT BOUNDARY CLEARLY MARKED Required © LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP WITH RESOURCES MAPPED & LABELED Attachments © TABULATION OF ALL INCLUDED RESOURCES - Include name, FMSF #, contributing? Y/N, resource category, street address or other location information if no address. O PHOTOS OF GENERAL STREETSCAPE OR VIEWS (Optional: aerial photos, views of typical resources) When submitting images, they must be included in digital AND hard copy format (plain paper grayscale acceptable). Digital images must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. " ,rr � I .. i� . . [. �AIL . J Page 4 RESOURCE GROUP FORM Site # 8CRO1620 STa -A ���-�� t SCR�1G20 �. .' r •�•'. .47 �r '� • •� •..• . �� �- + tea,. r "- •r. � � 1 s::.�• .irk- 501. Ap f� Vim'• r-fw+r , •• • I' {l" �` �$;., � +�, ��#� ': �•-"��.•': j�i'�,� .� •��''-��r:. fir—'�i,+.:� _,�,�,,;, ,�;+-.f � #� X. 0 200 400 Meters Page 5 RESOURCE GROUP FORM USGS Sunniland Township 48 South, Range 30 East, Section 29 Site # 8CRO1620 _ � r N f w 1 SCR0162029. - r t 1 � - A t - _ sun imam Jv 0 150 300 C.? yright:Q4013 Rlatloilet{ Geogra is Socie ed MetersI, 1 Page 1 0 Original ❑ Update HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE Version 5.0 3/19 Shaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions. Site#8 CRO1621 Field Date 2- 8- 2 0 2 2 Form Date 2-9-2022 Recorder # Site Name(s) (address if none) 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 1) Multiple Listing (DHR only) Survey Project Name CRAS Collier Rod & Gun Club, Collier County Survey # (DHR only) National Register Category (please check one) [R]building ❑ structure ❑district ❑ site ❑ object Ownership: ❑private -profit ❑private -nonprofit ❑private -individual [E]private-nonspecific ❑city ❑county ❑state ❑federal ❑Native American ❑foreign ❑unknown Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction Address: 7677 State Road 29 Cross Streets (nearest / between) USGS 7.5 Map Name SUNNILAND USGS Date 1958 Plat or Other Map City / Town (within 3 miles) Immokalee In City Limits? Dyes Eno ❑unknown County Collier Township 48S Range 30E Section 20 1/4 section: ❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE Irregular -name: _ Tax Parcel # 00233760007 Landgrant Subdivision Name Block Lot _ UTM Coordinates: Zone ❑16 E17 Easting1416151518131 Northing 2 g o 7 0 3 6 Other Coordinates: X: Y: Coordinate System & Datum Name of Public Tract (e.g., park) HISTORY Construction Year: 1962 ❑approximately Eyear listed or earlier ❑year listed or later Original Use Outbuilding From (year): 1962 To (year): CURR Current Use From (year): To (year): Other Use From (year): To (year): Moves: ❑yes Eno ❑unknown Date: Original address Alterations: Eyes ❑no ❑unknown Date: Nature Roofing, siding Additions: ❑yes Eno ❑unknown Date: Nature Architect (last name first): Builder (last name first): Ownership History especially original owner, dates, profession, etc. Barron Collier Partnership (2014); Barron Collier Investments, Ltd (1998); Trustees for M. Collier, J. Sproul, B. Collier III (1982); B. Collier, Jr. Is the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? ❑yes Eno ❑unknown Describe Style No style Exterior Plan Rectangular Number of Stories 1 Exterior Fabric(s) 1. stucco 2. Wood/Plywood 3. Roof Type(s) 1. Gable 2. 3. Roof Material(s) 1. other 2. 3. Sheet metal: ribbed Roof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.)1. 2. Windows (types, materials, etc.) Rectangular openings w/ chicken wire attached to wooden slats; SHS, metal, single, 2/2 Distinguishing Architectural Features exterior or interior ornaments Overhanging eaves w/ boxed rafter tails, concrete block wing w/ wood frame pole barn segment Ancillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed. ca.1962 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 2) (8CR01622) DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATIONDHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO— Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: Dyes ❑no ❑insufficient info Date Init. KEEPER — Determined eligible: Dyes ❑no Date ❑Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: ❑a ❑b ❑c ❑d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2) HR6E046R0319, effective 05/2016 Florida Master Site File 1 Div. of Historical Resources I R. A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399.0250 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440 / Fax 850.245.64391 E-mail SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site #8 CRO1621 Chimney: No. 0 Chimney Material(s): 1. 2. Structural System(s): 1. Concrete block 2. Wood frame 3, Foundation Type(s): 1. continuous 2. Foundation Material(s): 1. concrete Block 2. Main Entrance stylistic details) N ELEV: large rectang. opening w/ double doors removed & individ. wooden stall doors w/ latches & chicken wire openings 3orch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) Condition (overall resource condition): ❑excellent ❑good [@fair ❑deteriorated ❑ruinous Varrative Description of Resource A one-story outbuilding w/ no style that has a concrete block segment on the west end and a wood frame pole barn/stable segment on the east end. Archaeological Remains ❑Check if Archaeological Form Completed METHODSRESEARCH pp ❑x FMSF record search (sites/surveys) ❑library research ❑building permits ❑Sanborn maps ❑FL State Archives/photo collection El city directory ❑occupant/owner interview ❑plat maps [@property appraiser / tax records El newspaper files El neighbor interview ❑Public Lands Survey (DEP) ❑cultural resource survey (CRAS) ❑historic photos ❑interior inspection ❑HABS/HAER record search bother methods (describe) USDA historic aerial photographs (PALMM) 3lbllographlc References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) Publication of Archival Library and Museum Materials (PALMM), accessible online at: http://palmm.fcla.edu/ Appears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? []yes ❑x no []insufficient information Appears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? ❑yes ❑x no []insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) The building is not a significant embodiment of a type, period, or method of construction; and has no known significant historic associations. Area(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. "architecture", "ethnic heritage", "community planning & development", etc.) 1. 3. 5. 2. 4. 6. Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents 1 Documenttype All materials at one location Maintaining organization Archaeological Consultants Inc Document description Files, photos, research, document File oraccession #'s P21149 2) Document type Document description Maintaining organization File or accession #'s Recorder Name Savannah Young Affiliation Archaeological Consultants Inc Recorder Contact Information 8110 Blaikie Court, Ste. A / Sarasota, FL/ 34240 /aciflorida@comcast.net (address / phone / fax / e-mail) O USGS 7.5' MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION CLEARLY INDICATED Required © LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP(availablefrommostpropertvappraiser web sites) Attachments © PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, DIGITAL IMAGE FILE When submitting an image, it must be included in digital AND hard copy format (plain paper grayscale acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8CRO1621 PHOTOGRAPHS HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM AERIAL MAP Site # 8CRO1621 Irk +.r ' �� ��. , ► � Cdl l Phi •� lb`rqk ' _ __ 1 • 4 t' %all c� �-- �" rw� 8CRQ1621 a ire 40 s Iqr- A f � of Source: Esri, Maxar, G,Eye,AhsaGgra ph �eo 50 100 fCN.E,,ClAl.rbu.s,'DS USD0e-oGRID�IGNandtheGIS n(cOpseromity leMeters oEsr�HEREjGarminS otu Page 5 - HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8CRO1621 USGS Sunniland Township 48 South, Range 30 East, Section 20 i 0 • !'aa• 4 �J Oil Well 0 150 0 r M r 0411 5. s d: 8C R41621 344 � • Meters '4• y h � M 8M 1 2a . I CopyrightQ2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed.,, Page 1 0 Original ❑ Update HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM FLORIDA MASTER SITE FILE Version 5.0 3/19 Shaded Fields represent the minimum acceptable level of documentation. Consult the Guide to Historical Structure Forms for detailed instructions. Site#8 CRO1622 Field Date 2- 8- 2 0 2 2 Form Date 2-9-2022 Recorder # Site Name(s) (address if none) 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 2) Multiple Listing (DHR only) Survey Project Name CRAS Collier Rod & Gun Club, Collier County Survey # (DHR only) National Register Category (please check one) [R]building ❑ structure ❑district ❑ site ❑ object Ownership: ❑private -profit ❑private -nonprofit ❑private -individual [E]private-nonspecific ❑city ❑county ❑state ❑federal ❑Native American ❑foreign ❑unknown Street Number Direction Street Name Street Type Suffix Direction Address: 7677 State Road 29 Cross Streets (nearest / between) USGS 7.5 Map Name SUNNILAND USGS Date 1958 Plat or Other Map City / Town (within 3 miles) Immokalee In City Limits? Dyes Eno ❑unknown County Collier Township 48S Range 30E Section 20 1/4 section: ❑NW ❑SW ❑SE ❑NE Irregular -name: _ Tax Parcel # 00233760007 Landgrant Subdivision Name Block Lot _ UTM Coordinates: Zone ❑16 E17 Easting1416151611191 NorthingF2791017101317 Other Coordinates: X: Y: Coordinate System & Datum Name of Public Tract (e.g., park) HISTORY Construction Year: 1962 ❑approximately Eyear listed or earlier ❑year listed or later Original Use Outbuilding From (year): 1962 To (year): CURR Current Use From (year): To (year): Other Use From (year): To (year): Moves: ❑yes Eno ❑unknown Date: Original address Alterations: Eyes ❑no ❑unknown Date: Nature Siding, roofing partially removed Additions: Eyes ❑no ❑unknown Date: Nature Gable extension (W ELEV) Architect (last name first): Builder (last name first): Ownership History especially original owner, dates, profession, etc. Barron Collier Partnership (2014); Barron Collier Investments, Ltd (1998); Trustees for M. Collier, J. Sproul, B. Collier III (1982); B. Collier, Jr. Is the Resource Affected by a Local Preservation Ordinance? ❑yes Eno ❑unknown Describe Style No style Exterior Plan Rectangular Number of Stories Exterior Fabric(s) 1. wood/Plywood 2. Metal 3. Roof Type(s) 1. Gable 2. 3. Roof Material(s) 1. Sheet metal :3V crimp 2. 3. Roof secondary strucs. (dormers etc.)1. 2. Windows (types, materials, etc.) SHS, wood, single, 2/2 Distinguishing Architectural Features exterior or interior ornaments Overhanging eaves w/ boxed rafter tails, barn door entry, barred rectangular opening Ancillary Features / Outbuildings (record outbuildings, major landscape features; use continuation sheet if needed. ca.1962 7677 SR 29 (Outbuilding 1) (8CR01621) DHR USE ONLY OFFICIAL EVALUATIONDHR USE ONLY NR List Date SHPO— Appears to meet criteria for NR listing: Dyes ❑no ❑insufficient info Date Init. KEEPER — Determined eligible: Dyes ❑no Date ❑Owner Objection NR Criteria for Evaluation: ❑a ❑b ❑c ❑d (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 2) 1 HR6E046R0319, effective 05/2016 Florida Master Site File 1 Div. of Historical Resources I R. A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399.0250 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440 / Fax 850.245.64391 E-mail SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM site #8 CR 016 2 2 Chimney: No. 0 Chimney Material(s): 1. Structural System(s): 1. wood frame 2. Foundation Type(s): 1. other 2. Foundation Material(s): 1. Poured concrete Footing 2. Main Entrance (stylistic details) N ELEV: double wooden barn doors w/ metal hinges 3orch Descriptions (types, locations, roof types, etc.) 2. Condition (overall resource condition): ❑excellent ❑good []fair []deteriorated ❑ruinous 43 Varrative Description of Resource A one-story outbuilding w/ no style that is supported by footings w/ no slab. A gable extension addition is located on the W ELEV and highly deteriorated. The siding and roofing has been removed in places and the window is missing a glass pane. Archaeological Remains ❑Check if Archaeological Form Completed METHODSRESEARCH pp ❑x FMSF record search (sites/surveys) ❑library research ❑building permits ❑Sanborn maps ❑FL State Archives/photo collection El city directory ❑occupant/owner interview ❑plat maps ❑x property appraiser / tax records El newspaper files El neighbor interview ❑Public Lands Survey (DEP) ❑cultural resource survey (CRAS) ❑historic photos ❑interior inspection ❑HABS/HAER record search bother methods (describe) USDA historic aerial photographs (PALMM) 3lbllographlc References (give FMSF manuscript # if relevant, use continuation sheet if needed) Publication of Archival Library and Museum Materials (PALMM), accessible online at: http://palmm.fcla.edu/ Appears to meet the criteria for National Register listing individually? []yes ❑x no []insufficient information Appears to meet the criteria for National Register listing as part of a district? ❑yes ❑x no []insufficient information Explanation of Evaluation (required, whether significant or not; use separate sheet if needed) The building is deteriorated and it is not a significant embodiment of a type, period, or method of construction; and has no known significant historic associations. Area(s) of Historical Significance (see National Register Bulletin 15, p. 8 for categories: e.g. "architecture", "ethnic heritage", "community planning & development", etc.) 1. 3. 5. 2. 4. 6. Accessible Documentation Not Filed with the Site File - including field notes, analysis notes, photos, plans and other important documents 1 Documenttype All materials at one location Maintaining organization Archaeological Consultants Inc Document description Files, photos, research, document File oraccession #'s P21149 2) Document type Document description Maintaining organization File or accession #'s Recorder Name Savannah Young Affiliation Archaeological Consultants Inc Recorder Contact Information 8110 Blaikie Court, Ste. A / Sarasota, FL/ 34240 /aciflorida@comcast.net (address / phone / fax / e-mail) O USGS 7.5' MAP WITH STRUCTURE LOCATION CLEARLY INDICATED Required © LARGE SCALE STREET, PLAT OR PARCEL MAP(availablefrommostpropertvappraiser web sites) Attachments © PHOTO OF MAIN FACADE, DIGITAL IMAGE FILE When submitting an image, it must be included in digital AND hard copy format (plain paper grayscale acceptable). Digital image must be at least 1600 x 1200 pixels, 24-bit color, jpeg or tiff. Page 3 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8CRO1622 PHOTOGRAPHS uk" Page 5 HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM Site # 8CRO1622 AERIAL MAP • .. r 4b Ir. 00 � r 8CRO1622 ` Orr. , .FkP J x� 0 50 100 Meters I lo'. �a- Source: Esri, Maxar, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNESIAirbus DS USDA�USGS�AeroGRID�IGN, and the G User Comniunitd,` Esri! HERE!Ga'rmin7(c)'Op'enStreetMap Page 6 - HISTORICAL STRUCTURE FORM USGS Sunniland Township 48 South, Range 30 East, Section 20 Site # 8CRO1622 i 0 • !'tea• 4 �J Oil Well 0 r N r Oil M r 8C R01622 00ei - It— y -- h f _ � Oder &W 4 2 8M 1 0 150 300 r • • Meters �� F��_, CopyrightZ2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed. APPENDIX B Survey Log Page 1 Ent D (FMSF only) Survey Log Sheet Survey # (FMSF only) Florida Master Site File Version 5.0 3119 Consult Guide to the Survey Log Sheet for detailed instructions. Survey Project (name and project phase) CRAS Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve, CR Co. - Phase I report Title (exactly as on title page) 2ultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve, Collier 2ounty, Florida Report Authors (as on title page) 1. ACI 3. 2. 4. Publication Year 2021 Number of Pages in Report (do not include site forms) tiID 'ubllcatlon Information (Give series, number in series, publisher and city. For article or chapter, cite page numbers. Use the style of American Antiquity.) kCI (2021) Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve, 2ollier County, Florida. Conducted for by ACI, Sarasota. P21149 Supervisors of Fieldwork (even if same as author) Names Horvath, Elizabeth A. Affiliation of Fieldworkers: organization Archaeological Consultants Inc City Sarasota Key Words/Phrases (Don't use county name, or common words like archaeology, structure, survey, architecture, etc.) 1. 3. 5. 7. 2. 4. 6. 8. Survey Sponsors (corporation, government unit, organization, or person funding fieldwork) Name Peninsula Engineering Organization AddresslPhonaIE-mail 2600 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples, FL 34104 Recorder of Log Sheet Horvath, Elizabeth A. Is this survey or project a continuation of a previous project? ❑x No ❑Yes: Date Log Sheet Completed 12-30-2021 Previous survey #s (FMSF only) Counties (select every county in which field survey was done; attach additional sheet if necessary) 1. Collier 3. 5. 2. 4. 6. USGS 1:24,000 Map NameslYear of Latest Revision (attach additional sheet if necessary) 1. Name IMMOKALEE SW Year 2013 4. Name Year 2. Name SUNNILAND Year 2013 5. Name Year 3. Name Year 6. Name Year Fieldwork Dates: Start 12-6-2021 End 12-23-2021 Total Area Surveyed (fill in one) hectares 2318.00 acres Number of Distinct Tracts or Areas Surveyed 1 If Corridor (fill in one for each) Width: meters feet Length: kilometers miles HR6E066R0319, effective 0512016 Florida Master Site File I Div. of Historical Resources I R.A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440, Fax 850.245.6439, Email: SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com Page 2 Survey Log Sheet Survey # Types of Survey (select all that apply) Oarchaeological Oarchitectural Ohistoricallarchival ❑damage assessment ❑monitoring report ❑other(describe): ❑underwater Scope/Intensity/Procedures background research, surface reconnaissance; systematic and judgmental subsurface testing (50, 100, 200 m) N=235, 1 positive; 50 cm diameter, 1 m deep, 1/4" screen; historic resources reconnaissance Preliminary Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) ❑Florida Archives (Gray Building) ❑library research- coca/public Olocal property or tax records Oother historic maps ❑ LIDAR ❑Florida Photo Archives (Gray Building) ❑library -special collection ❑newspaper files Osoils maps or data ❑other remote sensing OSite File property search OPublic Lands Survey (maps at DEP) Oliterature search Owindshield survey OSite File survey search ❑local informant(s) ❑Sanborn Insurance maps Oaerial photography ❑other (describe): Archaeological Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) ❑Check here if NO archaeological methods were used. ❑surface collection, controlled ❑shovel test -other screen size ❑block excavation (at least 2x2 m) ❑metal detector Osurface collection, uncontrolled ❑water screen ❑soil resistivity ❑other remote sensing Oshovel test-114"screen ❑porthole tests ❑magnetometer Opedestrian survey ❑shovel test-118" screen ❑auger tests ❑side scan sonar ❑unknown ❑shovel test 1116"screen ❑coring ❑ground penetrating radar IGPR) ❑shovel test-unscreened ❑test excavation (at least 1 x2 m) ❑LIDAR ❑other (describe): HlstoricallArchitectural Methods (select as many as apply to the project as a whole) ❑Check here if NO historicallarchitectural methods were used. ❑building permits ❑demolition permits ❑neighbor interview [I subdivision maps ❑commercial permits Owindshield survey ❑occupant interview ❑tax records ❑interior documentation Olocal property records ❑occupation permits ❑unknown ❑other (describe): Resource Significance Evaluated? OYes El No Count of Previously Recorded Resources 1 Count of Newly Recorded Resources 5 List Previously Recorded Site ID#s with Site File Forms Completed (attach additional pages if necessary) CR00670 List Newly Recorded Site ID#s (attach additional pages if necessary) CR01614, CR01615, CRO1620, CR01621, CRO1622 Site Forms Used: ❑Site File Paper Forms ❑Site File PDF Forms Origin of Report: Type of Document: REQUIRED: Attach Map of Survey or Project Area Boundary ❑872 ❑Public Lands ❑UW Ell A32 # ❑Academic ❑Grant Project # ❑Compliance Review: CRAT # ❑Archaeological Survey ❑HistoricallArchitectural Survey ❑Marine Survey ❑Cell Tower CRAI ❑Overview ❑Excavation Report ❑Multi -Site Excavation Report ❑Structure Detailed Report ❑Desktop Analysis ❑MPS ❑MRA ❑TG ❑Other: Document Destination: Plottable Projects Plotability: ❑Contract ❑Avocational ❑Monitoring Report ❑Library, Hist. or Archival Doc HR6EO66RO718, effective 0512016 Florida Master Site File I Div. of Historical Resources I R.A. Gray Bldg 1500 S Bronough St., Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0250 Rule 1A-46.001, F.A.C. Phone 850.245.6440, Fax 850.245.6439, Email: SiteFile@dos.myflorida.com APE oil lY *r-xC oil I�ii +� 24 1 �r 1 1Q - -� Onrr. �• - O AY Sunni it Ile Lq 0 0.25 0.5 Miles I I I I I 5 , ".moo,• ` by -'— rL � " _ ., cto-`c', ety, ai-cubedCopyright;© 2013 Nat9nal GeograpUiSUSGS 0 0.5 1 Immokalee SW & SunnIland- -; Kilometers - —. ........... to r Collier Rod and Gun Club at the Preserve Township 48 South, Range 29 East, Sections 23-24; and Township 48 South, Range 30 East, Sections 18-20, 29-32 USGS Immokalee SW and Sunniland. Collier County, Florida