Agenda 03/20/2006 W
Co~r County
~'_"'bf.':~j::i~J"i''$~'i~:1I!-"'~~'t'1:'","''J,,,,,'''t:<rr'~~&-.M?''):;; '<~?,;hW:~:',,~ri:l,.,;_:;):ct'i-,'''-''::\i~1~7:'-{;':,;_!cr'.<_,.,~"'''-;.
Board of County Commissioners Workshop
Monday, March 20, 2006
9 a.m. -12 p.m.
Boardroom, Third Floor
~ Harmon Tumer Building
Collier County Government Center
· Workshop Discussion for Higher Regulatory
Criteria Additions to the Flood Damage
Prevention Ordinance
· Consideration of policy options for property
acquisitions under the Conservation Collier
Program that will work strategically with the TOR
Program and consideration of the Growth
Management Plan policy that allows only private
entities to generate TORs
5'
-~
"
'-. ,
. ----
"'-'",.-..,,,,-,,,
AGENDA
March 20, 2006
9:00 a.m.
BCC/Flood Plain Management Workshop
3rd Floor Boardroom
W. Harmon Turner Building
Frank Halas, Chairman, District 2
Jim Coletta, Vice-Chairman, District 5
Donna Fiala, Commissioner, District 1
Tom Henning, Commissioner, District 3
Fred W. Coyle, Commissioner, District 4
NOTICE: ALL PERSONS WISHING TO SPEAK ON ANY AGENDA ITEM MUST REGISTER PRIOR
TO SPEAKING. SPEAKERS MUST REGISTER WITH THE COUNTY MANAGER PRIOR TO THE
PRESENTATION OF THE AGENDA ITEM TO BE ADDRESSED. ALL REGISTERED PUBLIC
SPEAKERS WILL RECEIVE UP TO THREE (3) MINUTES UNLESS THE TIME IS ADJUSTED BY THE
CHAIRMAN.
COLLIER COUNTY ORDINANCE NO. 2004-05, AS AMENDED, REQUIRES THAT ALL LOBBYISTS
SHALL, BEFORE ENGAGING IN ANY LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
ADDRESSING THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS), REGISTER WITH THE CLERK TO THE
BOARD AT THE BOARD MINUTES AND RECORDS DEPARTMENT.
IF YOU ARE A PERSON WITH A DISABILITY WHO NEEDS ANY ACCOMMODATION IN ORDER TO
PARTICIPATE IN THIS PROCEEDING, YOU ARE ENTITLED, AT NO COST TO YOU, TO THE
PROVISION OF CERTAIN ASSISTANCE. PLEASE CONTACT THE COLLIER COUNTY FACILITIES
MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT LOCATED AT 3301 EAST TAMIAMI TRAIL, NAPLES, FLORIDA,
34112, (239) 774-8380; ASSISTED LISTENING DEVICES FOR THE HEARING IMPAIRED ARE
AVAILABLE IN THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS' OFFICE.
1. Pledge of Allegiance
2. Higher Regulatory Standards within the Community Rating System of the National
Flood Insurance Program that are being considered for future inclusion in the
County' Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
3. Consideration of policy options for property acquisitions under the Conservation
Collier Program that will work strategically with the TOR Program and
consideration of the Growth Management Plan policy that allows only private
entities to generate TORs
4. Adjourn
INQUIRIES CONCERNING CHANGES TO THE BOARD'S AGENDA SHOULD BE MADE TO
THE COUNTY MANAGER'S OFFICE AT 774-8383.
..""..
.......
./
... \
. -=='
AGENDA
March 20, 2006
9:00 a.m.
BCC/Flood Plain Management Workshop
3rd Floor Boardroom
W. Harmon Turner Building
Frank Halas, Chairman, District 2
Jim Coletta, Vice-Chairman, District 5
Donna Fiala, Commissioner, District 1
Tom Henning, Commissioner, District 3
Fred W. Coyle, Commissioner, District 4
NOTICE: ALL PERSONS WISHING TO SPEAK ON ANY AGENDA ITEM
MUST REGISTER PRIOR TO SPEAKING. SPEAKERS MUST REGISTER
WITH THE COUNTY MANAGER PRIOR TO THE PRESENTATION OF THE
AGENDA ITEM TO BE ADDRESSED. ALL REGISTERED PUBLIC
SPEAKERS WILL RECEIVE UP TO THREE (3) MINUTES UNLESS THE TIME
IS ADJUSTED BY THE CHAIRMAN.
COLLIER COUNTY ORDINANCE NO. 2004-05, AS AMENDED, REQUIRES
THAT ALL LOBBYISTS SHALL, BEFORE ENGAGING IN ANY LOBBYING
ACTIVITIES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ADDRESSING THE
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS), REGISTER WITH THE CLERK TO
THE BOARD AT THE BOARD MINUTES AND RECORDS DEPARTMENT.
IF YOU ARE A PERSON WITH A DISABILITY WHO NEEDS ANY
ACCOMMODATION IN ORDER TO PARTICIPATE IN THIS PROCEEDING,
YOU ARE ENTITLED, AT NO COST TO YOU, TO THE PROVISION OF
CERTAIN ASSISTANCE. PLEASE CONTACT THE COLLIER COUNTY
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT LOCATED AT 3301 EAST
TAMIAMI TRAIL, NAPLES, FLORIDA, 34112, (239) 774-8380;
Page 1
March 20, 2006
ASSISTED LISTENING DEVICES FOR THE HEARING IMPAIRED ARE
AVAILABLE IN THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS' OFFICE.
1. Pledge of Allegiance
2. Higher Regulatory Standards within the Community Rating System of the
National Flood Insurance Program that are being considered for future
inclusion in the County' Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
3. Consideration of policy options for property acquisitions under the
Conservation Collier Program that will work strategically with the TDR
Program and consideration of the Growth Management Plan policy that
allows only private entities to generate TDRs
4. Adjourn
Page 2
March 20, 2006
C()1E:r County
"_'''<'''i/'c::,"''!:Wi'J~/!J--~~;jNi:Li,-:,:'~,f',j::-_I~~i;;:H;1'-";;/~~';~.,j(~~'i'~';""'V
Board of County Commissioners Workshop
Monday, March 20, 2006
9 a.m. -12 p.m.
Boardroom, Third Floor
~ Harmon Turner Building
Collier County Government Center
AGENDA
. Introductions
· Workshop Discussion for Higher Regulatory Criteria Additions
to the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance - Joseph Schmitt,
Administrator, Community Development and Environmental
Services Division and Robert Wiley, P.E., C.F.M., Principal
Project Manager, Engineering Services Department
· Consideration of policy options for property acquisitions under
the Conservation Collier Program that will work strategically
with the TDR Program and consideration of the Growth
Management Plan policy that allows only private entities to
generate TDRs - Alexandra Sulecki, Coordinator, Conservation
Collier Land Acquisition Program, Collier County
Environmental Services Dept.
· Communications
· Adjourn
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Workshop Discussion for Higher Regulatory Criteria Additions to the Flood
Damage Prevention Ordinance
OBJECTIVE: To present higher regulatory criteria from the Community Rating System
program of the National Flood Insurance Program in a workshop format for consideration of
future inclusion in the County's Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance.
CONSIDERATIONS: On September 27, 2005, staff presented proposed reVlSlons to the
County's flood ordinance. The revisions addressed the adoption of the new Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), and the addition of some
higher regulatory criteria to make the community more resistant to flooding. The Board of
County Commissioners adopted an ordinance revision to include the adoption of the new FIRMs
and directed staff to bring back the higher regulatory standards in a workshop after presenting
them to the Collier County Planning Commission.
Staff presented the higher regulatory criteria to the Development Services Advisory Committee
(DSAC) on January 4, 2006 and again on February I, 2006. Staff presented the higher
regulatory criteria to the Collier County Planning Commission on February 16, 2006.
The following higher regulatory criteria were discussed:
a. Freeboard - Require buildings within the floodplain to be protected to a level the
minimum of one foot higher than the base flood elevation. Freeboard would also apply to
electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air conditioning equipment, and other service
facilities and duct work.
b. Foundation Protection - Require that fill and building foundations be designed to
protect them from damage due to erosion, scour, and settling. This would re-establish the
soil compaction testing to a specified standard for all buildings built on fill and require
the fill be at or above the base flood elevation for a specified distance from the outside
edge of the building.
c. Lower Substantial Improvements Threshold - Use a threshold of 49% of the
building's value to determine when the substantial improvement requirement takes effect.
d. Cumulative Substantial Improvement - Require that all improvements or repairs are
counted cumulatively over a rolling five-year period toward the substantial improvement
requirement. This requirement ensures that owners do not evade flood protection
measures by making many small improvements that eventually add up to a major or
substantial improvement.
e. Protection of Critical Facilities - Require that critical facilities, such as hospitals, fire
stations, EMS stations, sheriff stations/substations, emergency evacuation centers,
Emergency Operations Center, water treatment plants, pump stations and wells,
wastewater treatment plants and pump stations, electrical power substations, and
telephone communication centers/switching stations, be protected to at least the 500-year
flood level.
Executive Summary
Higher Regulatory Standards Workshop 3-20-06
Page 2 of4
f. Protection of Floodplain Storage Capacity -- Maintain floodplain storage by
prohibiting fill or by requiring compensatory storage. Although floodway regulations
preserve flood conveyance, they allow the flood fringe to be filled in. The resulting loss
of storage can have a significant effect on downstream flood heights, especially in flat
areas.
g. Manufactured Home Parks - Require that new and replacement manufactured homes
placed in existing manufactured home parks be properly elevated to the base flood
elevation (and freeboard if approved) and anchored.
h. Stormwater Management Facility Inspection and Maintenance-- Requiring
development to provide periodic maintenance and inspection certification of their
stormwater management facilities. This helps ensure the facilities operate to design
capacity and efficiency for both stormwater quantity and quality.
1. Flood Hazard Disclosure - Requirements for sellers or landlords to publicize or disclose
the flood hazard on their properties. This disclosure would also be required on final
subdivision plats and property boundary surveys.
J. Other Higher Standards - No Floodproofing - Locally developed regulations to
eliminate the option of floodproofing non-residential buildings within the floodplain and
requiring elevation ofthe building's lowest floor.
The Development Services Advisory Committee recommended approval of the following
criteria:
b. Foundation Protection
c. Lower Substantial Improvements Threshold
e. Protection of Critical Facilities
g. Manufactured Home Parks
h. Stormwater Management Facility Inspection and Maintenance
1. Flood Hazard Disclosure
In their discussions on the topics, the DSAC members expressed concern about the increased
cost to the building if freeboard and protection of floodplain storage capacity were put in place.
The concept of cumulative substantial improvements was not favorable to them due to
anticipated record keeping difficulties and feelings that the issue wasn't needed. The no
floodproofing concept was opposed based upon concerns over compliance with the American
Disabilities Act requirements for building access, especially in areas of high property values and
tight lot lines like 5th A venue South and the Gateway Triangle.
The Collier County Planning Commission recommended approval of all the requested criteria
with the exception of Item J (Other Higher Standards - No Floodproofing). They also expressed
concern on burdens that may be placed on property owners in complying with the access
requirements of the American Disabilities Act. During their discussion, they did recommend
that additional regulations be considered for periodic inspection and testing of the floodproofing
methods and materials by the owners of building approved using floodproofing.
The current CRS class rating for Collier County is Class 7 which provides up to a 15% discount
on the premium rate for flood insurance. The County's current CRS credit point score is 1692
points. To reach a Class 6 rating and provide up to a 20% discount, the County needs to achieve
Executive Summary
Higher Regulatory Standards Workshop 3-20-06
Page 3 of 4
2000 CRS credit points. The recommendations of DSAC add up to 311 possible points while the
recommendations of the CCPC add up to 551 points.
FISCAL IMPACT: The implementation of the various higher regulatory criteria will have a
fiscal impact, both positive and negative, for the building owner and a fiscal impact for the
County to enforce those provisions. An estimated fiscal impact is provided for the various
criteria.
Freeboard - Based upon information obtained from various builders willing to participate, the
typical cost for a typical 3000 square foot house would approximate $5,500. The individual
owner's flood insurance premium, based upon the one foot of freeboard, would be reduced
approximately 35%. Within approximately 17 years, the savings on the flood insurance
premiums would recoup the cost of the freeboard.
Foundation Protection - A typical cost would be approximately $1,200 for a typical house.
Lower Substantial Improvements Threshold - No fiscal impact.
Cumulative Substantial Improvements - No fiscal impact
Protection of Critical Facilities - Since this affects certain governmental buildings, there will be
added costs to future construction and reconstruction projects. Since each project will be unique,
there is no cost estimate.
Protection of Floodplain Storage Capacity - Assuming that the property is sufficient in size, a
typical cost of approximately $1,000 would be incurred.
Manufactured Home Parks - A typical cost of approximately $1,000 would be incurred.
Stormwater Management Facilities Inspection and Maintenance - The owner's cost to have an
engineer certify the adequacy of the stormwater management facilities will vary greatly,
depending upon the age, condition, size, and complexity of the facilities. To administer a
program to inspect and document compliance is estimated to cost the County approximately
$330,000 annually.
Flood Hazard Disclosure - The cost to the owner to provide the documentation would be
negligible.
Other Higher Standards -No Floodproofing - The cost to elevate and provide proper access is
estimated to cost several thousands of dollars for commercial properties. However, design and
implementation of proper floodproofing techniques is also expensive. Added to that cost is the
loss suffered if the floodproofing is not properly installed in a timely manner before a flood
event. Overall, the fiscal impact could be positive or negative, so no estimate was made.
GROWTH MANAGEMENT IMPACT: There is no impact on Growth Management issues.
Executive Summary
Higher Regulatory Standards Workshop 3-20-06
Page 4 of 4
RECOMMENDA TION: Staff recommends that the Board of County Commissioners approve
all of the requested higher regulatory standards for inclusion in an amendment to the Flood
Damage Prevention Ordinance. Staff fully understands the concerns of the CCPC for No
Floodproofing and is in agreement that if this standard is not supported by the Board of County
Commissioners due to access difficulties, then direction should be given to staff to develop
specific criteria for the periodic testing and inspection of floodproofing materials, and these
criteria should be included in the Collier County Land Development Code.
PREP ARED BY:
Robert C. Wiley, P .E., Principal Project Manager
Engineering Services Department
Workshop Discussion for Higher Regulatory Criteria Additions to the
Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
INTRODUCTION
Collier County continues to be a rapidly developing community. In addition to new
development of vacant land, there is also an increasing interest in redevelopment of the
older, existing developed lands near the coast. The topography is very flat, especially in
the interior portions of the County, and the coastal shelf is shallow. The Federal
Emergency Management Agency has recently implemented new Flood Insurance Rate
Maps (FIRMs) that are based only upon a coastal surge analysis for the one-percent
annual chance storm event. The County, City of Naples, South Florida Water
Management District and Federal Emergency Management Agency are all working
toward the development of new FIRMs that identify floodplains for both coastal surge
flooding and rainfall-induced rising water flooding. This effort will produce a more
realistic floodplain, and simultaneous to this effort, it is important that Collier County
develop adequate regulations to produce a more flood resistant community.
The existing Collier County Flood Ordinance (Ord. No. 86-28, as most recently
amended on September 27,2005 to adopt the new FIRMs) needs to be amended again
to bring several portions into better agreement with changes that have occurred within
the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and the County's Land Development
Code.
Collier County is a voluntary participant in the Community Rating System of the NFIP.
The Community Rating System (CRS) is a program whereby communities disseminate
information, regulate land use, pro-actively enforce building codes, establish regulatory
development criteria, and undertake various other specific efforts to improve the flood
resistance of the community. The CRS program has established specific types of flood
resistance improvement activities with specific available point scores for each activity,
and each community if free to select from the list. The goal of the CRS is to score as
many points as the community deems feasible. The reward for higher scores is
increased discounts to the community's flood insurance policy holders.
The following table illustrates the various CRS activities, the points available for each
activity, and Collier County's current point score for the activities it has selected.
Activity Activity Name Available Collier
No. Points County
Points
310 Elevation Certificates 162 56
320 Map Information 140 140
330 Outreach Projects 315 37
340 Hazard Disclosure 81 0
350 Flood Protection Information 66 0
360 Flood Protection Assistance 71 0
410 Additional Flood Data 1373 0
420 Open Space Preservation 900 387
430 Higher Regulatory Standards 2720 83
440 Flood Data Maintenance 231 48
450 Stormwater Management 670 75
510 Floodplain Management Planning 309 127
520 Acquisition and Relocation 3200 0
530 Flood Protection 2800 0
540 Drainage System Maintenance 330 250
610 Flood Warning Program 225 124
620 Levee Safety 900 0
630 Dam Safety 175 67
700 Community Growth Adjustment 150%
Collier County's current CRS score is 1692 points out of a total possible CRS score of
14,668 points. The 1692 point score is sufficient to rank us as a Class 7 community and
achieve a 15% discount for most of the County's flood insurance policy holders. Flood
insurance policies that already have the Preferred Risk discount are only discounted an
additional 5%.
As can be seen on the chart above, there are several activities where Collier County
does not score any CRS points.
340 Hazard Disclosure
350 Flood Protection Information
360 Flood Protection Assistance
410 Additional Flood Data
520 Acquisition and Relocation
530 Flood Protection
620 Levee Safety
Some of these activities are not applicable (e.g. 620 Levee Safety) or not practical (e.g.
520 Acquisition and Relocation) in Collier County. Other activities are currently being
evaluated by staff for various levels of implementation and scoring. Activities 410
through 450 receive the benefit of the 150% multiplier (Activity 700), so any point gained
in these activities is really 1.5 points gained in the total score.
WHAT THE CRS COORDINATOR'S MANUAL SAYS ABOUT REGULATING
INCREASED RESISTANCE TO FLOOD DAMAGE THROUGH HIGHER
REGULATORY STANDARDS
Activity 430 (Higher Regulatory Standards) is the primary CRS activity for crediting
floodplain development regulations that are more restrictive than the NFIP
requirements. The basic credit criteria are explained in the CRS Coordinator's Manual.
This publication expands on those explanations and provides examples of credited
regulatory language and guidance on how to calculate the credit points for Activity 430.
The section numbering for this publication matches the system used in the CRS
Application and the CRS Coordinator's Manual.
Activity 430 (Higher Regulatory Standards) has 16 elements that include additional
requirements that increase the level of protection provided to floodplain development.
These are the most common regulatory requirements that exceed the minimum NFIP
requirements for floodplain management. Each element has an acronym that is used in
the credit calculation formulae. The acronyms are a shorthand method of referring to
the elements. The 16 elements are detailed in subsections "a" through "m" in Section
431 of the CRS Coordinator's Manual.
a. Freeboard - (up to 100 points for each foot of freeboard requirement) Require
buildings to be protected to a level higher than the base flood elevation.
b. Foundation Protection - (up to 35 points) Require that fill and building
foundations be designed to protect them from damage due to erosion, scour, and
settling.
c. Cumulative Substantial Improvement - (up to 110 points) Require that all
improvements or repairs are counted cumulatively toward the substantial
improvement requirement. This requirement ensures that owners do not evade
flood protection measures by making many small improvements that eventually
add up to a major or substantial improvement.
d. Lower Substantial Improvements Threshold - (up to 90 points) Use a
threshold lower than 50% of the building's value to determine when the
substantial improvement requirement takes effect.
e. Protection of Critical Facilities - (up to 100 points) Require that critical
facilities, such as hospitals and hazardous materials storage sites, be protected
from higher flood levels.
f. Protection of Floodplain Storage Capacity -- (up to 80 points) Maintain
floodplain storage by prohibiting fill or by requiring compensatory storage.
Although floodway regulations preserve flood conveyance, they allow the flood
fringe to be filled in. The resulting loss of storage can have a significant effect on
downstream flood heights, especially in flat areas.
g. Natural and Beneficial Functions Regulations - (up to 40 points) Prohibit or
regulate developments that can have an adverse impact on public health or
water quality, including alterations to shoreline, channels, and banks.
h. Enclosure Limits - (up to 300 points) Prohibit building enclosures below the
base flood elevation.
i. Other Higher Standards - (up to 50 points) Other locally developed regulations
that exceed the minimum requirements of the NFIP regulations and increase the
community's flood damage resistance.
j. land Development Criteria - (up to 700 points) Use land development criteria
and low density zoning to reduce the damage potential within the floodplain and
help maintain flood storage and conveyance capacity.
k. Special Hazards Regulation - (credit points vary) Require additional regulations
in areas subject to special hazards. The NFIP regulations are oriented toward
the more common overbank and coastal flooding. Special hazards regulations
are requirements tailored to the different conditions found in the following
situations:
· Closed basin lakes
· Ice jams
· Land subsidence
· Coastal dunes and beaches
· Uncertain flow paths (e.g., alluvial fans and moveable bed streams)
I. State-Mandated Regulatory Standards - (up to 45 points) Implementstate-
mandated regulatory standards whereby all communities are required to
administer a state rule or adopt state development criteria.
m. Building Code - (up to 120 points) Have a Building Code Effectiveness Grading
Schedule classification of "6" or better and/or have adopted all, or part, of the
International Building Code series.
n. Staffing - (up to 50 points) Have a staff member (or members) who is certified
as a floodplain manager or who has received floodplain management training
through the NFIP.
o. Manufactured Home Parks - (up to 50 points) Require that new and
replacement manufactured homes placed in existing manufactured home parks
be properly elevated and anchored.
p. Coastal AE Zones - (up to 650 points) Adopt construction standards for coastal
AE Zones.
· Mudflow hazards
· Coastal erosion
· Tsunamis
The regulations credited in Activity 430 are related to protecting insurable buildings
located in the floodplain. Communities may have other regulations related to flooding,
stormwater management, or water resources protection. Many of these are credited
under other CRS activities, such as those listed below.
. Flood Hazard Disclosure - (up to 81 points) Requirements for developers or
sellers to publicize or disclose the flood hazard on their properties are credited
under Activity 340.
. Additional Flood Data - (up to 1373 points) Developing base flood elevations or
studying the impact of development projects on flood heights or velocities in
floodplains where such data are not provided by the NFIP, establishing more
restrictive f100dway mapping, "zero rise floodway," and "full urbanization
hydrology" requirements are credited under Activity 410 (Additional Flood Data).
. Open Space Preservation - (up to 900 points) Prohibiting new buildings in the
floodway, V Zone, or other part of the floodplain is credited under Activity 420
(Open Space Preservation). A community can only receive credit for a
prohibitory regulation under either Activity 420 or Activity 430, not under both.
Activity 420 provides more credit points than Activity 430 does because new
buildings are better protected from flooding if they are kept out of the floodplain in
the first place. Therefore, most communities opt to credit prohibitory regulations
under Activity 420.
· Stormwater Management - (up to 670 points) Requiring new developments to
provide retention or detention of their stormwater runoff to minimize the increase
in flood flows due to watershed urbanization is the subject of Activity 450
(Stormwater Management). Erosion and sedimentation control regulations and
implementation of appropriate "best management practices" are also covered in
Activity 450 because they improve the quality of stormwater runoff and reduce
siltation and the resulting loss of channel-carrying capacity.
· Drainage System Maintenance - (up to 330 points) Regulations on dumping or
placing debris in stream channels are credited under Activity 540 (Drainage
System Maintenance).
For the purposes of Activity 430, creditable regulations must be legally enforceable
requirements placed on floodplain development. They do not have to be enforced by the
community but they do have to be legally enforceable by a government agency. For
example, state regulations or requirements from a County or regional drainage or flood
control district may be credited if those entities have jurisdiction in the community. In
most states, regulations are in the form of state statutes, codes or regulations, or local
ordinances or by-laws. Plans, such as land use plans and comprehensive plans, are
usually recommendations, not regulations. A community that submits a plan for credit
under this activity must also submit its attorney's opinion that the plan has the force of
law and is enforced by a regulatory office, such as a building or zoning department.
Most floodplain regulations appear in a zoning ordinance, building code, or separate
floodplain management ordinance or regulations. They cover construction projects
throughout the community or throughout the community's floodplain. Some regulations
appear in subdivision ordinances, health regulations, or other special purpose
ordinances. In some cases, an ordinance, especially a subdivision ordinance, will refer
to state or local policies, specifications, a design manual, or other separate document.
Many local officials have said, "developers don't argue, they follow this manual because
we tell them to." Unless the separate policy document is specifically adopted by
reference in the ordinance, the community will have to include a statement from its legal
counsel that its policies and design standards have the force of law.
Similarly, some regulations state that something "may be required" or that a permit
applicant "should" do something. The CRS only credits clear and explicit regulations
that require specific actions or standards from a floodplain developer. Generally the
word "shall" indicates such a requirement. For example, the following language
WOULD NOT be credited. If, in the opinion of the building official, the soils are not
suitable for construction, appropriate fill and compaction may be required. The following
language WOULD be credited. The applicant shall provide a soils engineering report
based on the results of one soil boring for each acre where the following soil types are
present. . .
Generally, statements in the purpose or objective section of an ordinance are not
acceptable. The CRS credits the specific requirement, not a statement about a reason
for adopting the ordinance. For example, many communities have language that says
one of the objectives of the ordinance is "To prevent fraud and victimization of unwary
land and home buyers." Nowhere else in the ordinance is there a reference to fraud or
a specific disclosure requirement. Therefore, credit under Activity 340 (Flood Hazard
Disclosure) has not been provided for that language.
In some cases, state laws provide the authority for a state agency or a community to do
something. Usually a state agency will implement regulations or a community will enact
an ordinance pursuant to the law. It is the subsequent regulations or local ordinance
that must be submitted for CRS credit, not the authorizing or enabling legislation.
Sometimes a requirement is meaningless without the definition section of the ordinance
or regulation. Instead of requiring buildings to be elevated 1 foot above the base flood
elevation, some communities require them to be elevated above a "flood protection
elevation." In these cases, the community needs to also submit the ordinance section
that defines the "flood protection elevation."
As with all regulatory issues, the opinion of the community's attorney or corporation
counsel is most important. If language is not accepted by the ISO/CRS Specialist
because it does not appear to be clear, explicit, or consistently enforceable, then the
community may submit a letter on its attorney's letterhead stating that the debated item
has the force of law. Ordinance language should be carefully written to support the
community's goals and the purposes of its regulatory program, to sufficiently respond to
the flood hazard facing the community, and to conform to state law.
SPECIFIC AREAS OF HIGHER REGULATORY STANDARDS PROPOSED FOR
COLLIER COUNTY
A careful examination of the Flood Insurance Rate Map for Collier County readily
identifies that it is not practical or feasible to remove all development from, or prohibit
new development in, the floodplain. With the flat topography and shallow coastline, that
would eliminate a very large percentage of development in the County. Although
Activity 520 (Acquisition and Relocation) has up to 3200 points available, Collier County
is not likely to meet the criteria to score points for them. But applying some higher
regulatory criteria in the following areas can allow the County to apply for over 500
points while making the community more resistant to flood damage.
FREEBOARD (FRB) - If eliminating development from the floodplain is not an
acceptable option for the community, the next best option is to ensure that the
development is constructed at an elevation higher than the anticipated flood level.
Freeboard is a term for an extra margin of protection. Ordinances or codes with a
freeboard requirement add height above the base flood elevation to account for
· future flood fringe development,
· uncertainties inherent with the methodologies,
· lack of data,
· waves or debris that accompany the base flood, and
· floods higher than the base flood.
In a floodplain management ordinance, a freeboard requirement means that new
buildings will be protected to a level higher than the NFIP's base flood elevation.
Including freeboard in a building's construction plans can be accomplished in several
ways, depending upon the specific site characteristics, with a negligible cost increase
for the level of safety provided. It is not desirable for the entire lot to be filled to the level
of the freeboard as this reduces the amount of floodwater storage available. Instead,
the desired result is to elevate the lowest floor of the building through the use of a raised
foundation (e.g. stemwall, piers, foundation walls, etc.).
An informal telephone survey of forty-four local builders obtained ten that were willing to
provide information on potential costs to add one foot of freeboard. Of those ten, only
one expressed opposition to freeboard while three expressed strong support or stated
they were already building higher than the minimum elevation. The house sizes ranged
from 2,500 to 3,500 square feet and cost estimates ranged from $2,000 to $15,000 with
the average being between $5,000 and $6,000. The builders all mentioned that costs
would vary depending upon the type of construction and the complexity of the building's
perimeter.
While freeboard has a direct consumer cost to implement, it also has a direct cost
savings to the individual policy holder. Flood insurance policy premium costs for
buildings within the Special Flood Hazard Area (flood zones beginning with the letter "V"
or "A") are determined by the amount of coverage and the elevation of the lowest floor
in relation to the base flood elevation. For Pre-FIRM buildings, the premium rate is
subsidized and no floor elevation differential is mandated. For Post-FIRM buildings, the
higher the lowest floor is constructed above the base flood elevation, the more discount
is applied to the premium rate. Most of the discount is applied to the basic coverage
amounts, which is the first $50,000 for residential buildings and the first $150,000 for
non-residential buildings. Additional flood insurance coverage is available up to
$250,000 for residential and $500,000 for non-residential buildings. Building at one foot
of freeboard provides approximately 50% savings on the basic coverage rate. Building
at two feet of freeboard provides approximately 70% savings on the basic coverage
rate. Since most of the incurred flood damage is within the basic coverage amount,
there is very little discount provided on the "additional coverage" rates. For a typical
single family house, the flood insurance cost savings provided by one foot of freeboard
would be approximately $300 per year.
For CRS credit, freeboard must be applied not just to the elevation of the lowest floor or
floodproofing level, but also to the level of protection provided to all components of the
building. All building utilities, including ductwork, must be elevated or protected to the
freeboard level and all portions of the building below the freeboard level must be
constructed using materials resistant to flood damage. If the garage floor is below the
freeboard level, the garage must meet the opening requirements for enclosures. Pools,
pool decks, and lanai floor elevations are not required to comply with freeboard or base
flood elevations since they are exterior to the building and not considered the lowest
floor .
In AE Zones where base flood elevations have been established, the NFIP rules require
that
. the lowest floor, including basements, of residential structures be elevated to or
above the base flood elevation (44 CFR 60.3(c)(2))
. non-residential structures be elevated or flood proofed to or above the base flood
elevation (44 CFR 60.3(c)(3))
. attached garages and all utilities (including electrical, heating, ductwork,
ventilating, plumbing, and air conditioning equipment) be protected to the base
flood elevation (44 CFR 60.3 (a)(3)).
In coastal high hazard areas (V Zones), a community must provide that all new
construction and substantial improvements are elevated on pilings and columns. This is
done so that the bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor
(excluding the pilings or columns) is elevated to or above the base flood level.
In an AO Zone the community must require that
. all new construction and substantial improvements of residential structures have
the lowest floor (including basement) elevated above the highest adjacent grade
at least as high as the depth number specified in feet on the community's FIRM
(at least two feet if no depth number is specified) (44 CFR 60.3(c)(7));
. all new construction and substantial improvements of non-residential structures
have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated above the highest adjacent
grade at least as high as the depth number specified in feet on the community's
FIRM (at least two feet if no depth number is specified) or, together with
attendant utility and sanitary facilities, be completely floodproofed to that level.
(44 CFR 60.3(c)(8)).
The CRS freeboard credit calculations have two acronyms: FS is the number of feet of
freeboard and FRS is the score for the freeboard credit. FRS is calculated with the
seven formulae listed below.
1. FRS = 100 x FS.
For FS of 3.0 feet or more, FRS = 300. In the case of 1 foot of freeboard,
FS = 1.0 so FRS = 100 x 1.0 = 100. If the freeboard requirement is 18
inches, FS = 1.5 and FRS = 100 x 1.5 = 150. The maximum score for
FRS is 300.
NOTE: In A Zones the lowest floor is measured from the top of the floor. In
V Zones, the elevation requirement is measured from the bottom of the
lowest horizontal structural member. If the illustration to the right were for
a V-Zone building, the freeboard would be measured from the bottom of
the floor joist.
2. If the ordinance uses the encroached elevation, add 0.5 to FB.
Detailed riverine flood studies that produce a floodway provide a flood
elevation based upon the floodway encroachment. These elevations are
listed in the "with floodway" column in the Floodway Data Table in the
community's Flood Insurance Study. They are generally higher than the
"without floodway" or "regulatory" flood elevations. For example, if the
community requires that the lowest floor be at least 1 foot above this
encroached or "with floodway" elevation, FB = 1.0 + 0.5 = 1.5 and FRB =
100 x 1.5 = 150.
3. For FRB credit, the SOO-year flood elevation is considered to be 1 foot higher
than the base flood elevation, unless the community demonstrates that it is
higher. If freeboard is based upon the SOO-year flood, add 1.0 to FB.
Elevating to the SOO-year flood provides more protection than elevating to
the base flood elevation. Section 431.a.S of the CRS Coordinator's
Manual provides credit equivalent to 1 foot of freeboard. For example, if
the community requires that buildings be elevated to the SOO-year flood
level, FB = 1.0 and FRB = 100 x 1.0 = 100. Base flood and SOO-year flood
elevations can be found in the community's Flood Insurance Study
profiles. If the difference is greater than 1 foot, then the community should
calculate the difference. For example, if the ordinance requires 1 foot of
freeboard above the SOO-year flood and the profiles show that the 500-
year flood averages 1.5 feet above the 1 OO-year flood, then FB = 1.0 + 1.5
= 2.5 and FRB = 100 x 2.5 = 250.
4. For FRB credit outside of V Zones, if the ordinance uses "lowest horizontal
structural member" or similar language instead of "lowest floor," add 1.0 to FB.
The minimum NFIP requirement outside of coastal high hazard areas (V
Zones) is that the top of the lowest floor be at or above the base flood
elevation. Some communities require that any beams, floor joists, or other
horizontal structural members be elevated to or above the base flood
elevation. Since this requirement will generally result in the top of the
lowest floor being approximately 1 foot above the base flood elevation, the
CRS provides credit equivalent to 1 foot of freeboard. This credit is not
available in coastal high hazard areas because it is a minimum NFIP
requirement in V Zones. Communities that enforce this requirement in
both A and V Zones must use the impact adjustment to pro-rate the credit
points.
5. A community may use the following to receive more credit in A01 , A02, and
A03 Zones
(a) In A01 and A02 Zones, add 2.0 to FB.
(b) In A03 Zones, add 1.0 to FB.
AO Zones are floodplains subject to shallow flooding. The number after
"AO" is the depth of flooding expected. Waves and other problems are
minimal in such areas, so a little freeboard provides a relatively larger
margin of protection. Section 431.a.6 increases the freeboard credit
points in such areas. In AO Zones, base flood depths are provided
instead of base flood elevations in relation to mean sea level. Where
depths are not provided, the NFIP regulations require new buildings to be
elevated 2 feet above grade. Some communities misinterpret this
requirement as 2 feet of freeboard. Elevating 2 feet above the base flood
elevation is a creditable freeboard requirement. Elevating 2 feet above
grade in an AO Zone where no base flood elevation is provided is a
minimum requirement of the NFIP and is not eligible for credit.
A community with a relatively large area of AO Zone may want to use the
impact adjustment to calculate different values for FRS in different areas.
For example, if the community has a 1-foot freeboard requirement, FS=1.
Therefore, FRS = 100 x 1 = 100. However, if some of its floodplain is A01
Zone, you add 2 to the FS; therefore, FRS = 100 x (1 + 2) = 300. The
community can receive 300 points for the area in A01 and 100 points for
some the remainder of its floodplain. The impact adjustment is discussed
in Section 432 of the CRS Coordinator's Manual.
6. If the requirement for freeboard is limited to areas where there are base flood
elevations, or otherwise does not apply to all new construction, then an impact
adjustment must be made using Option 2 or 3 (see Sections 432.b and 432.c of
the CRS Coordinator's ManuaD.
If the freeboard requirement does not affect all buildings, then the Option 2
or Option 3 impact adjustment must be used. For example, many
ordinances require freeboard only where a base flood elevation is
provided. Others require freeboard only for elevated buildings (non-
residential buildings may be flood proofed to the base flood elevation
without freeboard). In these cases, the community can use Option 2 or
identify and measure the areas affected for Option 3. Impact adjustments
are discussed in Section 432 of the CRS Coordinator's Manual. If the
community has different freeboard standards in different areas, it may use
the lowest value for FRS for all areas. This may eliminate the need for an
Impact Adjustment Map and separate calculations for various values of
FRS.
7. If the community requires that electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, and air
conditioning equipment and other service facilities (including ductwork) be
elevated or made of flood-resistant materials above the base flood elevation, but
does not require these facilities to be elevated or protected to the freeboard level,
multiply FS by 0.75. If the community does not require that these facilities
(including ductwork) be elevated or protected to or above the base flood
elevation, there is no credit for FRS.
Many communities have focused on elevating the top of the lowest floor,
but have allowed utilities, especially ductwork, to hang below the floor
joists and be flooded. Flooded ductwork can add thousands of dollars to a
flood insurance claim. This is primarily a concern for buildings on
crawlspaces. Buildings on slab foundations, on pilings, and in V Zones
normally have the utility facilities waterproofed or elevated high enough.
The final freeboard credit will be adjusted if utilities and ductwork are not
above the freeboard elevation. The illustration below shows four
examples:
B Top of Floor
Furnace
C Top of Floor
Furnace
o
Furnace
of l'k,,!':: f,'d .Ih", I' JUT
l!~ l~ ::!ilJ \ H,-;-; i ';"
Adjusting freeboard credit based on the location of ductwork in a crawlspace
A. No credit-floor not above freeboard level.
B. No credit-floor above freeboard level but utilities and/or ductwork below base
flood elevation
(BFE).
C. 75% credit-floor above freeboard, but utilities and ductwork are only above
the BFE.
D. Full credit-floor and all utilities and ductwork are above the freeboard level.
Staff's recommendation is to adopt criteria requiring one (1) foot of freeboard that
applies to all buildings in all flood zones, including electrical, heating, ventilation,
plumbing, air conditioning equipment and other service facilities and duct work. This
would allow Collier County to apply for up to one hundred (100) credit points.
FOUNDATION PROTECTION (FDN) - Foundation Protection regulatory criteria is
proposed for adoption by Collier County to further reduce the potential for buildings
outside of the coastal high hazard areas to be damaged by flood related erosion,
settling, or other problems to the material supporting the foundation. Collier County has
adopted the 2004 Florida Building Code which states, in Section 1803.5, that where
footings will bear on compacted fill material, the compacted fill shall comply with the
provisions of an approved report which shall contain the following:
1. Specifications for the preparation of the site prior to placement of compacted
fill material.
2. Specifications for material to be used as compacted fill.
3. Test method to be used to determine the maximum dry density and optimum
moisture content of the material to be used as compacted fill.
4. Maximum allowable thickness of each lift of compacted fill material.
5. Field test method for determining the in-place dry density of the compacted
fill.
6. Minimum acceptable in-place dry density expressed as a percentage of the
maximum dry density determined in accordance with Item 3.
7. Number and frequency of field tests required to determine compliance with
Item 6.
Exception: Compacted fill material less than 12 inches (305 mm) in depth
need not comply with an approved report, provided it has been compacted to
a minimum of 90 percent Modified Proctor in accordance with ASTM D 1557.
The compaction shall be verified by a qualified inspector approved by the
building official.
To ensure proper compaction and provide an official regulatory standard, Collier County
needs to amend the currently adopted building code to specify a minimum acceptable
compaction standard, and the basis for determining achievement of that standard. To
achieve CRS credit for foundation protection, the County needs to establish additional
criteria requiring specific soil compaction testing methods, requiring that compacted fill
extend outside the building walls before dropping below the base flood elevation, and
requiring provisions to protect against erosion and potential scour.
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) regulations require that structures be
elevated to or above the base flood elevation AND anchored to resist flotation, collapse,
and lateral movement. In V Zones and for flood proofed buildings, an engineer or
architect must certify that the structure meets the NFIP requirements. In other
situations, the regulations do not provide specific guidance as to how the performance
standards are met.
Buildings elevated on pilings, crawlspaces, or other foundations may be damaged if the
foundations are not properly designed for the soil and flood conditions of the site. Fill
can erode during a flood, undermining the structure. Structural damage can also result
from the settling of a building placed on improperly compacted fill or organic soils.
Foundation protection (FON) credit is provided to encourage communities to require
site-specific foundation construction standards. FON credit is not available in coastal
high hazard areas because the minimum NFIP regulations require engineered
foundations in V Zones (44 CFR 60.3(e)(4)).
The NFIP regulations do not specifically require that foundations or fill be protected from
erosion, scour, or settling. However, this requirement is implicit in the performance
standard of Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 60.3(a)(3), which
requires that the community make sure that buildings are properly designed and
anchored to resist flood damage. NFIP regulations require that a building elevated on
solid foundation walls have openings in the walls to allow passage of flood water to
equalize hydrostatic pressure on the walls (60.4(c)(5)). Floodproofed buildings must
have an engineer's certification (60.3(b)(4)). Because these regulations relate to
foundations and because they require architect or engineer certificates, some
communities have confused these minimum requirements with FON credit. FON credit
is related to the compaction of the supporting soils and protection of the soils or
supporting members from erosion, scour, settling, and related hazards that accompany
floods.
The maximum credit available for Foundation Protection is 35 points. This credit is not
available in V Zones because foundation protection is a minimum NFIP requirement in
V Zones. The CRS Foundation Protection credit calculation has the acronym FON.
1. FON = 35, if ALL new buildings must be constructed on properly designed
and compacted fill (e.g. ASTM 0-698, ASTM 0-1557 or equivalent) that extends
beyond the building walls before dropping below the base flood elevation and
has appropriate protection from erosion and scour. The design of the fill or the fill
standard must be approved by a licensed professional engineer.
To receive the full 35 points, the regulations must address all new
buildings on all types of foundations, (e.g., on fill, crawlspaces, piers, etc.)
All new buildings must be built on either engineered fill or engineered
supports. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Standard
0-1557 requires compaction to 95% of the maximum density obtainable
using the Modified Proctor Test method. ASTM Standard 0-698 requires
compaction to 95% of the maximum density obtainable using the Standard
Proctor Test method. If the community has adopted an engineered
standard and requires compliance with that standard, FON credit can be
provided. In such cases, an engineer's certificate is not needed for each
structure, although records of compaction tests, etc., would be needed for
each structure.
2. FON = 20, if all new buildings built on fill must be constructed on properly
designed and compacted fill (e.g. ASTM 0-1557, ASTM 0-698 or equivalent) that
extends beyond the building walls before dropping below the base flood elevation
and has appropriate protection from erosion and scour.
This credit is for regulations that only address buildings on fill. Twenty
points are provided, even though there are no special requirements for
buildings on crawlspaces, piers, etc. (If the regulations require that ALL
new and substantially improved buildings be built on engineered fill, then
FDN = 35 under Subsection 1 above.) An engineer's certificate is not
needed for each structure, although records of compaction tests, etc.,
would be needed for each structure. If the community has adopted an
engineered standard and requires compliance with that standard, FDN
credit is provided.
3. FDN = 10, if the community has adopted and enforces the soil testing and
compaction requirements of the Standard, Uniform, or National Building Codes or
the International Residential and Building Codes.
All three national model building codes have language relating to soils,
compaction of fill, and construction of footings and piles. They do not
address protecting the fill from erosion, scour, and other flood hazards.
The model codes' provisions are found in the following sections:
· . Sections 1612 and 1803.4 and Appendix K of the International
Residential Code of the International Code Council (ICC).
· . Sections R401.2 and R506.2.1 of the International Building Code of
the International Code Council (ICC).
· . Chapter 18, "Foundations," in the Standard Building Code (1997
edition) developed by the Southern Building Code Congress
International (SBCCI) (known as Chapter 18 in the 1994 and 1996
editions).
· . Chapter 29, "Excavations, Foundations, and Retaining Walls," and
Chapter 70, "Excavation and Grading," of the Uniform Building
Code (1991 edition) of the International Conference of Building
Officials (ICBO) (Chapters 18 and 33 in the 1994 edition).
· . Chapter 18, "Foundations and Retaining Walls," of the Building
Officials and Code Administrators (BOCA) National Building Code
(1993 edition).
Communities that have adopted these sections of these model codes are
provided 10 points for Foundation Protection (FDN).
In Collier County, most of the construction utilizes a compacted fill for foundation
support. However, the extensive use of large amounts of fill to achieve the minimum
allowable floor elevation has the negative effect of displacing potential floodwater
storage. Where compacted fill is used, there is the need to ensure that it is adequately
compacted and protected against scour and erosion to ensure the integrity of the
building's foundation.
Staff's recommendation is to adopt Foundation Protection criteria such that all new
buildings built on fill must be constructed on properly designed and compacted fill
(ASTM D-1557 with 95% compaction using the Modified Proctor Test method) that
extends a minimum of five (5) feet beyond the building walls before dropping below the
base flood elevation and has appropriate protection from erosion and scour. This would
allow Collier County to apply for 20 credit points.
LOWER SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENTS/DAMAGE THRESHOLD (LSI) - FEMA
defines Substantial Improvements as any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or
other improvement to a building, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50% of the market
value of the building before the start of construction of the improvement. Substantial
Damage is defined as damage of any origin sustained by a building whereby the cost of
restoring the building to its before-damage condition would equal or exceed 50% of the
market value of the building before the damage occurred. If a building is substantially
improved or damaged, the NFIP regulations require that it be treated as a new building
and be elevated (non-residential buildings may be flood proofed) to or above the base
flood elevation.
To encourage communities and owners to bring existing non-compliant buildings into
compliance with the current standards of the National Flood Insurance program, the
Community Rating System offers credit points for lowering the threshold for substantial
damage or substantial improvement below the 50% amount. A building is more likely to
be brought up to code sooner if the threshold is lowered for improvement or repair
projects.
The NFIP requirement of a 50% threshold is part of the definition of "substantial
improvement" in Title 44, Code of Federal Regulations, Section 59.1. The following LSI
point credit scoring (up to a maximum of 90 points) is available to communities that
choose to lower the substantial improvement and substantial damage threshold (use
only one).
8. LSI = 90, if the regulatory threshold is less than 10%;
9. LSI =70, if the regulatory threshold is 10% to 24%;
10. LSI = 50, if the regulatory threshold is 25% to 39%;
11. LSI = 30, if the regulatory threshold is 40% to 44%;
12. LSI = 10, if the regulatory threshold is 45% to 49%; or
13. LSI = 20, if the regulatory threshold is no more than 25% of the bulk or
square footage of the building's first floor.
14.lf the lower substantial improvements threshold applies to either
improvements, modifications, and additions or reconstruction and repairs,
but not both, the value for LSI is multiplied by 0.5. If a community lowered
the threshold only for repairs and reconstruction or only for improvements,
modifications, and additions, then the value for LSI is halved.
Collier County is participating in the NFIP which already has a threshold defined as
50%. It is only necessary to change "50%" in the definition section of the ordinance to
the desired number. The Collier County Building Department is already using a
database system for checking improvements to each flood prone property. The records
show the value of building additions, improvements, and repairs and the building's value
and type of project. Minor modifications would need to be made to existing procedures
to obtain actual cost values suitable for the NFIP's requirements instead of contractor
estimates. In 2005 there were sixteen (16) buildings affected by the 50% value for
substantial improvements.
Staff's recommendation is to adopt regulations lowering the substantial improvements
and damage threshold to 49%. This will allow Collier County to apply for 10 credit
points while having a negligible impact on the community.
CUMULATIVE SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENTS (CSI) - When considering
Substantial Improvements or Substantial Damage, the Community Rating System offers
credit points to those communities that consider the cumulative value of improvements
or damage repairs to non-compliant buildings in the floodplain. Floodplain management
regulations are most effective in reducing flood damage to new construction. Buildings
built before adoption of the regulations are often subject to repeated flooding, repeated
damage, and repeated flood insurance claims and federal disaster assistance
payments. The NFIP regulations address a portion of this problem by requiring that
substantially damaged and substantially improved buildings be brought up to the same
standards as new buildings. However, only a small percentage of the existing buildings
are substantially damaged or substantially improved and subject to these requirements.
Communities can reduce flood damage by counting improvement and repair projects
cumulatively so that buildings will be brought into compliance with flood protection
standards sooner. Credit of up to 110 points is provided under CSI for enforcing a
cumulative substantial improvement rule.
Substantial improvements are treated as new construction in Title 44, Code of Federal
Regulations, Section 60.3(c)(2) and (3). A single large improvement or repair project is
clearly a substantial improvement no matter how many separate permits are issued.
However, the NFIP regulations do not require that smaller individual improvements
made over a period of years and that add up to 50% be considered a substantial
improvement. Theoretically, property owners could "beat the system" by applying for a
40% improvement project one year and applying for another 40% project the next year.
This element provides credit to communities that ensure that the total value of all
improvements permitted over the years does not exceed the community's threshold of
the value of the structure. The standard default value is 50%, but under LSI, the value
may be lower. If it does, the original building must be protected according to the NFIP
requirements for new buildings. The scoring allows for separate regulatory
requirements for improvements and repairs. If the community requires both to be
counted cumulatively, it receives the total for both criteria. It can also add the credit for
a regulation which covers all additions, regardless of size.
CSI Credit is the total of the following points:
1. CSI1 = one of the following:
(a) 45, if the regulations require that improvements, modifications, and
additions to existing buildings are counted cumulatively for at least 10
years, or
(b) 25, if the regulations require that improvements, modifications, and
additions to existing buildings are counted cumulatively for at least 5
years.
2. CSI2 = one of the following:
(a) 45, if the regulations require that reconstruction and repairs to damaged
buildings are counted cumulatively for at least 10 years, or
(b) 25, if the regulations require that reconstruction and repairs to damaged
buildings are counted cumulatively for at least 5 years, or
(c) 20, if the community adopts regulatory language that qualifies properties
for Increased Cost of Compliance insurance coverage for repetitive
losses. Increased Cost of Compliance (ICC) is a relatively new provision
in flood insurance policies that helps pay for bringing a substantially
damaged flooded building into compliance with the local ordinance. It is
possible that a building deemed substantially damaged by an ordinance
that qualifies for CSI would not qualify for an ICC payment. ICC and
example regulatory language are discussed separately in the later
paragraphs in this section of the report.
3. CSI3 =20, if the regulations require that any addition to a building be protected
from damage from the base flood. This third approach, worth 20 points, makes
every addition, regardless of size, a substantial improvement. Additions within
the footprint of the original building would have to be on a floor above the base
flood elevation. Additions outside that footprint would have to be elevated (or, for
non-residential structures, flood proofed) above the base flood elevation.
CSI = CSI1 + CSI2 + CSI3
Increased Cost of Compliance
On June 1, 1997, the NFIP began offering "Increased Cost of Compliance" (ICC)
coverage for buildings covered under the Standard Flood Insurance Policy (SFIP).
ICC coverage provides for the payment of a claim to help pay for the cost to
comply with community floodplain management ordinances after a flood event in
which a building has been declared substantially damaged or repetitively
damaged. When an insured building is damaged by a flood and the community
declares the building to be substantially or repetitively damaged, ICC will help
pay for the cost to elevate, floodproof, demolish, or relocate the building up to a
maximum of $20,000. This coverage is in addition to the building coverage for
the repair of actual physical damage from flood under the SFIP. An ICC claim
can be filed whether or not a community has received a Presidential disaster
declaration.
The following conditions must be met for a substantially damaged building to
be eligible for an ICC claim:
A building is eligible for an ICC claim payment if it is in a Special Flood
Hazard Area and if the community determines it has been damaged by a
flood whereby the cost of restoring the building to its before-damaged
condition would equal or exceed 50% of the market value of the building
before the damage occurred, as determined by the community. All NFIP
communities must have, at a minimum, a substantial damage provision in
their floodplain management ordinance in accordance with the NFIP
criteria.
By statute, an ICC claim can only be paid upon a substantial damage
determination based on the NFIP's 50% damage criteria. An ICC claim
will not be paid if the damage is less than 50% of the market value, even if
the local ordinance declares the building substantially damaged.
Communities receiving LSI credit for lower substantial improvement
thresholds need to be aware that there may be times when their higher
regulatory standard will not trigger an ICC claim payment for their
residents.
The following conditions must be met for a repetitively damaged building to
be eligible for an ICe claim payment:
A building is eligible for an ICC claim payment if it is in a Special Flood
Hazard Area, is a repetitive loss structure, and is subject to a community
floodplain management ordinance. Two conditions must be met for an
ICC claim to be paid under the SFIP for a repetitive loss structure:
1. The state or community must have adopted and be currently
enforcing a repetitive loss provision or a cumulative substantial
damage provision requiring action by the property owner to
comply with the community's floodplain management ordinance;
and
2. The building must have a history ofNFIP claim payments that
satisfies the statute's definition of "repetitive loss structure." A
repetitive loss structure means "a building covered by a contract
for flood insurance that has incurred flood-related damage on two
occasions during a lO-year period ending on the date of the event
for which a second claim is made, in which the cost of repairing
the flood damage, on the average, equaled or exceeded 25% of the
market value of the building at the time of each such flood event."
Note that this statutory ICC definition is not the same as the CRS
definition of a repetitive loss property.
The date on which the first loss occurred, even if the loss occurred
before June 1, 1997, is immaterial to eligibility for an ICC claim
payment, as long as the state or community enforced a repetitive
loss or cumulative substantial damage requirement on the building
and the insured building satisfies the definition of the "repetitive
loss structure" defined above.
Communities receiving CSI credit for a cumulative substantial
improvement regulation must be aware that there may be instances in
which the community's criteria may require compliance with its
floodplain management ordinance, but the building may not qualify for an
'.~- .
Ice claim payment (e.g., if a building is damaged three times, with each
flood averaging 20% damage).
Below are two options for ordinance language that is consistent with the
definition of "repetitive loss structure" under the NFIP. The language would
receive 20 points under eSI-fewer points than the more restrictive language of
eSIl(a) and (b) above.
Option 1:
A. Adopt the Following Definition:
"Repetitive Loss" means flood-related damage sustained by a structure on
two separate occasions during a 10-year period for which the cost of
repairs at the time of each such flood event, on the average, equals or
exceeds 25% of the market value ofthe structure before the damage
occurred.
B. And modify the "substantial improvement" definition as follows:
"Substantial improvement" means any reconstruction, rehabilitation,
addition, or other improvement ofa structure, the cost of which equals or
exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the "start of
construction" of the improvement. This term includes structures that have
incurred "repetitive loss" or "substantial damage," regardless of the actual
repair work performed.
Option 2:
Modify the "substantial damage" definition as follows:
"Substantial damage" means damage of any origin sustained by a structure
whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before-damage condition
would equal or exceed 50% of the market value of the structure before the
damage occurred. Substantial damage also means flood-related damage
sustained by a structure on two separate occasions during a 10-year period
for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such flood event, on the
average, equals or exceeds 25% of the market value of the structure before
the damage occurred. NOTE: An ICC claim payment is ONLY made for
flood-related damage. The substantial damage part of the definition must
still include "damage of any origin" to be compliant with the minimum
NFIP floodplain management regulations.
If a community chooses to implement Cumulative Substantial Improvements, the permit
office must demonstrate that it has a system for keeping track of improvements to each
property within the floodplain. If a permit is applied for, the office must routinely check
its files for past improvements, additions, and repairs and calculate the cumulative effect
of the proposed project. The records must show the value of building additions,
improvements, and repairs and the building's value. The community should not rely
solely on the applicant's estimate of the cost, especially if permit fees or tax
assessments are based on the estimated cost. Double check the cost based on the
building department's knowledge of area construction costs or standard formulae based
on square footage or type of project.
Each time someone applies for a permit in the SFHA, the building's records must be
checked. The percentage of the cost of the project for which a permit is being requested
plus the cost of all projects constructed since the cumulative substantial improvement
requirement went into effect must be compared to the building's value. If all the projects
add up to 50% (or a lower value if the LSI is some number less than 50%) or more of
the building's value, then the project applied for is considered a substantial
improvement, and the building is subject to the community's regulations for new
construction.
One of the greatest difficulties in enforcing CSI is keeping track of improvements over
time. The system used to enforce this and the other credited elements is reviewed by
the ISO/CRS Specialist during the verification visit. Some communities throw out permit
records one year after the certificate of occupancy is issued. Others file them in a
basement and cannot get to them readily. Collier County utilizes a computer-based
system to record all building permits tied to the property address and the Property
Appraiser's folio number.
The community needs to maintain permit records by parcel number or address, so that
the history of improvements to a particular structure is checked before the next permit is
issued. For example, at the time of permit application, the address could be checked in
a computer-based tracking system to see what previous permits had been issued. Full
credit of 45 points requires a system that will keep track of improvements for at least 10
years. Lesser credit of 25 points is provided if records are accessible for at least five
years.
Staff's recommendation is to adopt a 5-year cumulative substantial
improvement/damage requirement, include a definition for repetitive loss, and modify
the definitions of substantial improvement and substantial damage to allow homeowners
with flood insurance to be able to better utilize the provisions of their ICC policy
coverage and make their buildings more resistant to flood damage. This would allow
Collier County to apply for 70 credit points.
PROTECTION OF CRITICAL FACILITIES (PCF) - During and immediately following a
flood event, certain types of facilities must be fully functional to provide for the health,
safety and welfare of the public. The list includes, but is not limited to:
. Those structures or facilities that produce, use, or store highly volatile,
flammable, explosive, toxic, and/or water-reactive materials;
. Hospitals, nursing homes, and housing likely to contain occupants who may not
be sufficiently mobile to avoid death or injury during a flood;
. Police stations, fire stations, vehicle and equipment storage facilities, and
emergency operations centers that are needed for flood response activities
before, during, and after a flood; and
. Public and private utility facilities that are vital to maintaining or restoring normal
services to flooded areas before, during, and after a flood.
The recommended list of critical facilities for Collier County includes the following:
~ Fire stations
~ Sheriff department stations/substations
~ Emergency Medical Service stations
~ Collier County Emergency Operations Center
~ Emergency evacuation centers
~ Water treatment plants, pump stations, and wells
~ Wastewater treatment plants and pump stations
~ Electric power substations
~ Telephone communication centers/switching stations
~ Hospitals
A higher level of protection for critical facilities serves several purposes: it reduces
damage to vital public facilities, it reduces pollution of flood waters by hazardous
materials, and it ensures that the facilities will be operable during most flood
emergencies. Therefore, the CRS provides credit for regulations that protect critical
facilities from the 500-year flood.
On Collier County's FIRMs, the 500-year floodplain is shown as a Shaded Zone X.
Ordinance language can simply specify the types of facilities that are prohibited from or
protected within the A, V, and Shaded X zones. shaded X Zone. Flood Insurance
Study profiles for riverine systems should provide 500-year flood elevations.
The NFIP regulations do not have any provisions for critical facilities other than that all
buildings must be protected from damage by the 1 DO-year flood. However, guidelines
for implementing federal Executive Order 11988 set the 500-year flood as the standard
for protecting "critical actions." This is the source of the CRS credit criteria.
The score for PCF, up to a maximum of 100 credit points, is based on how critical
facilities are protected from the 500-year flood. There are three options:
1. PCF = 100, if new critical facilities are prohibited from the 500-year floodplain;
2. PCF = 75, if new and substantially improved critical facilities are required to be
protected from damage and loss of access as a result of the SOO-year flood or
the flood of record, whichever is higher;
3. PCF = 50, if new and substantially improved critical facilities must be protected to
the SOO-year flood level.
If an ordinance prohibits or regulates critical facilities in only part of the SOO-year
floodplain, such as in the 100-year floodplain, floodway, or V Zone, then the credit
points are adjusted through the impact adjustment. Note that credit is provided only if
there is regulatory language that addresses protection of critical facilities. The fact that
there are currently no critical facilities in the regulated floodplain may indicate
community policy, but adopted regulations are required for PCF credit.
The costs to implement the protection of critical facilities will greatly vary depending on
the site, type of facility, new or modifications to existing facilities, degree of access
improvement, and various other factors. However, the increased assurance that these
critical facilities will be functional during critical times of flooding is of tremendous benefit
to the public. Protecting critical facilities to the SOO-year storm level rouahlv equates to
providing protection for one additional foot of flooding depth.
Staff's recommendation is to adopt requirements that new and substantially improved
critical facilities must be protected to the SOO-year flood level. This will allow Collier
County to apply for 50 credit points.
PROTECTION OF FLOODPLAIN STORAGE CAPACITY (PSC) - Collier County's
floodplain is very broad due to the low, flat topography and being adjacent to the Gulf of
Mexico. Flooding can occur from both coastal surge and inland rising water (rainfall).
Proper flooding analyses must consider coastal surge and rising water flooding both
together and separately to account for the types of storm events that can occur.
Although a building built on fill and elevated above the base flood elevation meets the
NFIP regulations, filling a substantial portion of the floodplain reduces storage for flood
water and tends to increase peak flows downstream. Prohibiting fill, or requiring that if
fill is placed in the floodplain, an equal volume of storage be made available, will reduce
this problem.
The basic NFIP requirement in riverine situations is that new development must not
restrict conveyance of flood waters. A floodway is adopted to identify the area needed
to convey the base flood and that area is kept free of obstructions, [Title 44 Code of
Federal Regulations, Sections 60.3(c)(10) and (d)(2) and (3)].
The balance of the riverine floodplain, the fringe, may be filled or otherwise developed.
Although the NFIP requirement has an important impact on future flood heights, it does
not account for the loss of floodplain storage caused by allowing the fringe to be filled.
Storage is especially important in flat areas with wide fringes. Much of the slow-moving
flood water is held in the fringe during a flood. Filling or construction of a levee that
removes the storage capacity of the fringe means more water will be sent downstream,
resulting in increased flood heights. On the other hand, in many places, building on fill is
the safest form of floodplain construction, so communities should not summarily enact
an ordinance just for CRS credit.
'.,~ " 4""'~'"
, L ~'>>;C>'.>.'.-:
~::~~:(.:::~:.::.::::::~~).::~:~:::):~::~:S:~~.<~.;~ . ~ . . .~,... ~ " ~ ~ ~
(:Il(lS'!i-SECTlfJN HL'W
Illustration of a possible
compensatory storage requirement.
If fill is placed in the floodplain, an
equal amount must be removed
from the same elevation within the
same approximate area of the
drainage basin to provide "a
hydraulically equivalent volume of
excavation."
('~nt-~i-..>..;oll:f~
'sk"lr:af't !::JtC.l.'...:.'ttQl",
Floodplain storage capacity can be preserved in two ways. The first is to simply prohibit
fill, the major cause for loss of storage. Prohibiting fill will also prevent most floodplain
development and will help preserve the natural and beneficial functions of the
floodplain. The other method is to require compensatory storage, i.e., the developer
must compensate for each cubic foot of fill, building, or other item that is displacing flood
water. Generally, this is done by removing an equal volume of fill from the lot, usually at
the same elevation to maintain the same hydraulic conditions.
The credit for PSC is based on which approach is used.
1. 80, where regulations prohibit fill within floodplains or flood fringes, including
construction of buildings on fill; OR
2. 70, where regulations require that new developments provide compensatory
storage at hydraulically equivalent sites.
Credit is not provided for protection of storage capacity in floodways only.
In Collier County, the regulations of the South Florida Water Management District
already require development activities to address floodplain encroachment. However,
not all development activities require the owner to obtain a South Florida Water
Management District Environmental Resource Permit. A notable exception is for single
family homes in existing platted subdivisions (e.g. Golden Gate Estates). The
placement of large fill pads within the floodplain will have the negative effect of
displacing existing floodwater storage which will shift the floodwater to other locations
and/or increase depths of flooding. To avoid this impact, compensatory floodplain
storage should be required within close proximity in the same drainage basin to the
encroachment. To achieve this, a hydraulically equivalent volume of excavation taken
from below the base flood elevation, but above the wet season water table elevation,
would be constructed, with the provision to drain freely to the nearest publicly
maintained watercourse (e.g. swale, canal, etc.)
Protection of floodplain storage capacity by creating compensatory storage has several
areas of impact to both the individual home owner and the overall community. The goal
would be to encourage construction that reduced the size of the fill pad. Primarily there
is the cost impact to the owner that must be individually addressed based upon the size
and location of the home site. If the lot is small or located primarily in a wetland area,
there may not be sufficient land outside of the house foundation to provide room for the
compensatory floodwater storage. In these cases, the owner would need to provide the
compensatory storage on a nearby lot that would be able to receive floodwater at the
same time and elevation as the building lot. The owner would probably be able to use
the fill material excavated from the compensatory storage site as part of the building fill
pad. A builder may be able to use a single location to provide compensatory storage for
several nearby building sites. By connecting the compensatory storage areas to the
nearby swale or canal, there is additional storage capacity to receive stormwater from
storm events smaller than the 1 % annual chance storm, and these sites could also
provide additional water quality treatment. Because the bottom elevation would have to
be located at or above the established wet season water table, there should not be
extended periods of time for standing water to exacerbate a mosquito problem.
Staff's recommendation is that all development using fill material within the Special
Flood Hazard Area (flood zones beginning with the letter "V" or "A") be required to
provide compensatory floodplain storage at hydraulically equivalent sites in close
proximity to the placed fill. This will allow Collier County to apply for 70 credit points.
MANUFACTURED HOME PARK CRITERIA (MHP) - The National Flood Insurance
Program recognizes that existing manufactured home parks often create special
circumstances for consideration by local communities. An "existing manufactured home
park or subdivision" is a park or subdivision that was established before the adoption of
floodplain management regulations by the community. For Collier County, that date is
September 14, 1979. The minimum criteria of the NFIP allow communities to site
manufactured homes in existing manufactured home parks or subdivisions so the
lowest floor is three feet above grade. In some cases this results in manufactured
homes elevated above the base flood elevation, but where flooding is more than three
feet deep, it exposes them to substantial damage. This element credits regulations that
do not differentiate between manufactured homes and conventional "stick built"
buildings or between existing and new manufactured home parks and subdivisions - all
must be elevated above the base flood elevation (plus the community's freeboard).
This credit is limited to those communities that have existing manufactured home parks
where the base flood is more than three feet deep. In other words, the credit is only for
those communities where these regulations will have an impact.
The NFIP regulations (44 CFR 60.3(c)(12)) allow communities to site manufactured
homes in existing manufactured home parks or subdivisions on reinforced piers or other
foundation elements that are not less than 36 inches above grade. Manufactured
housing located OUTSIDE of existing parks or subdivisions must be elevated above the
base flood elevation.
The MHP credit provided to qualified communities is straightforward.
MHP = 50, if regulations require that new and replacement manufactured homes
placed in existing manufactured home parks or subdivisions be properly anchored
and elevated to or above the base flood elevation plus any required freeboard.
Credit is provided for not havinQ an exemption for existing manufactured home parks or
subdivisions. In other words, the community's ordinance makes no mention of
manufactured home parks or subdivisions, and all manufactured homes, no matter
where they are located, must meet the same elevation requirements as conventional
housing. Such ordinance language was a requirement of the NFIP before 1989. When
communities were given the option of the 3-foot standard, many kept the higher
standard and did not revise their regulations. The creditable language is also included
in the new International Building Code Series. Therefore, it is possible that a
community's current ordinance already has the language that is credited by this
element.
Collier County's current flood ordinance includes the 3-foot minimum height standard,
and allows the replacement of a manufactured home in an existing manufactured home
park at the same elevation as the old structure. The proposed higher regulatory
standard would require all manufactured homes, plus any utilities, air conditioning, duct
work, etc., to comply with the minimum floor elevation at the base flood elevation plus
freeboard, if approved.
The only additional cost for implementation of this Manufactured Home Park criteria
would be for additional pier and entrance step heights. The only owners affected by this
criteria would be in existing manufactured home (mobile home) park that were
established prior to September 14, 1979, the date of the first Flood Insurance Rate Map
for Collier County. This criteria basically eliminates the current loophole that allows a
manufactured home in an existing manufactured home park to be replaced with a new
manufactured home as the same low floor elevation that makes it susceptible to
flooding.
Staff's recommendation is for the adoption of additional Manufactured Home Park
criteria to require that new and replacement manufactured homes
placed in existing manufactured home parks or subdivisions be properly anchored
and elevated to or above the base flood elevation plus any required freeboard. This will
allow Collier County to apply for 50 credit points.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY INSPECTION (PUB) - New developments,
exclusive of single family homes on individual lots, are required to provide stormwater
management facilities to collect, treat, and gradually release stormwater runoff in a
manner that is not detrimental to the existing community. These stormwater facilities
are designed by engineers and constructed to certain minimum dimensions. However,
there are no mandatory long term requirements for drainage system maintenance to
ensure that the stormwater facilities continue to function as designed.
When human-made or natural debris is allowed to accumulate, it can create a dam in a
channel or fill needed storage areas. Although a properly maintained channel can carry
runoff from most small storms, a blocked or dammed channel can cause more frequent
overbank flooding, unexpected erosion, and sedimentation.
Similarly, a lack of maintenance can result in detention or retention basins being filled
with sediment or debris. If these basins are already full of sediment or debris, they
cannot store water and flooding can result because the drainage system cannot do its
job. One of the objectives of the Community Rating System (CRS) is to encourage and
recognize programs that prevent flooding caused by blockages or reduction in storage
resulting from accumulations of debris.
While much of the impact associated with inadequate maintenance of stormwater
management facilities addresses the potential for flooding, equally important, but not as
readily observed is the maintenance of the system's ability to provide water quality
treatment. Shallow grassed swales, vegetated lake slopes, and properly functioning
discharge structures are all portions of what is often called a "treatment train" type of
system. Each component performs a portion of the overall treatment to remove
pollutants from the stormwater, as well as regulate the rate of discharge and
percolation.
If the community wants credit for public maintenance of new stormwater management
facilities (PUB), and credit for channel and basin debris removal (COR) it must establish
and implement procedures that meet the following requirements. Many communities
already have programs and procedures for inspecting and clearing streams, ditches,
and other channels; inspecting and cleaning retention or detention basins; cleaning
storm sewers; stabilizing stream banks; and reconstructing channels.
A community requesting COR credit for its program must submit documentation
describing its drainage system maintenance procedures. Five items must be included in
this documentation:
1. Who is responsible for the various aspects of the maintenance program,
2. The area covered by the program,
3. Inspection procedures,
4. Maintenance procedures, and
5. Records.
These written procedures are essential to CRS credit. Each community will have a
different approach to human-made ditches, natural watercourses, drainage ways on
public vs. private property, etc. To verify whether the drainage system is being properly
maintained, there must be locally prepared procedures. Verification is really a job of
seeing that the local procedures are being followed.
1. Who is Responsible: The documentation submitted must identify what person or
office is responsible for inspections, maintenance, and record keeping. In most cases,
the drainage system is inspected and maintained by the community's public works
department or a similar agency. What counts for the CRS is not who does the work but
whether it is being done. Although the CRS community must provide the needed
documentation, some or all of the actual work could be implemented by other
responsible parties, such as
. Flood control or drainage districts;
. County, state, or federal agencies;
. Private companies or engineering firms; and
. Property owners associations.
In many communities in Florida, for example, the multi-county water management
district maintains large canals and the community is responsible for the remaining,
smaller ditches and streams. In many cases, property owners associations, shopping
centers, and other owners of large tracts of private property are responsible for
maintenance of their own retention or detention basins. The CRS can provide credit for
this arrangement only if
. the community has an inspection program AND the authority to order the owner
to perform needed maintenance, OR
. the association or other owner is required to submit periodic inspection reports
signed by a licensed professional engineer.
In both cases, the community (or other public agency) must be willing to assume the
ultimate responsibility for maintenance. If the private property owner does not perform
the needed maintenance, the community must show that the job will get done according
to its inspection and maintenance schedule. No credit is provided for projects that
depend on unsecured outside funding, such as a special appropriation from the state
legislature or approval of a Corps of Engineers' clearing and snagging project. Secured
outside funding, such as projects financed by an annual state distribution of gasoline tax
receipts, is acceptable.
2. Area Covered by the Program: The community must define its "drainage system,"
preferably on a map. For the purposes of this activity, the drainage system consists of
"all natural and human-made watercourses, conduits, and storage basins that must be
maintained in order to prevent flood damage to buildings from smaller, more frequent
storms." In determining whether a waterway or facility is part of the drainage system for
CRS purposes, ask "will buildings be damaged if it is not kept clear?"
Facilities covered: The determination of a community's drainage system is
based on what facilities need to be maintained in order to prevent damage to
buildings. In some communities, it will be open channels and ditches. In a flat
community, especially one protected by a levee, maintaining storm sewers,
sewer inlets, canals, and pump stations may be vital to prevent flooding. In some
areas of a community, roadside ditches are important conveyors of surface water
and must be kept cleaned. In urbanizing watersheds, storage basins may be vital
to preventing small storms from flooding buildings.
The drainage system must include watercourses identified on the community's
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) as well as important watercourses not in the
floodplain (in B, C, or X Zones). In fact, the CRS is particularly concerned with
flood insurance claims paid on properties that are NOT in the floodplain. Most of
these claims are due to inadequately sized or maintained drainage facilities.
The community should consider the sites of flood insurance claims and disaster
assistance when defining the facilities covered. In communities with repetitive
losses, the drainage system MUST cover those areas having repetitive loss
properties where the cause of the losses was due to local drainage problems or
smaller, more frequent storms.
Facilities not covered: Certain areas do not need to be included in the
drainage system maintenance program. Although the following parts of a
drainage system should be maintained, they are not necessary for CRS credit.
. Drainage facilities in undeveloped areas. For CRS credit, a community
only needs to maintain those facilities where debris blockages would result
in flooded buildings. Therefore, agricultural areas, parks, and areas with
less than one building per acre do not need to be covered by the drainage
maintenance program.
. Channels that will not inundate buildings during a flood, such as deeply
incised ravines.
. Natural storage areas. Lakes, ponds, marshes, and wetlands can usually
absorb debris without significantly affecting their storage capacities.
Because of their natural resource benefits, the CRS encourages
communities to maintain their appearance and prevent dumping into them.
But the CRS does not advocate maintenance activities that disturb
wetlands and other natural areas.
. Irrigation canals. These do not need to be included unless they are
specifically designed to be part of the community's drainage system or
they intercept drainage ways during high flows, either intentionally or
accidentally.
Private property: In many areas of the country, property lines run to the middle
of a stream or ditch. Often owners are legally responsible for maintenance of a
channel or storage basin on their property. This condition does not exempt the
watercourse or facility from the community's "drainage system" if obstructions
and debris would cause flood damage to buildings.
A community must have the legal authority to inspect the channels and basins
that it identifies as part of its drainage system. A community without the authority
to enter properties to inspect all channels and basins may demonstrate that it has
adequate visibility from public property to see them all. On the other hand, a
program that only inspects bridges and culverts will not be recognized for credit.
A community must also have the authority to remove debris. This means that it is
authorized either to enter the properties to perform maintenance or to order the
owner to perform the maintenance. If there are areas where the community does
not have these authorities, then the CRS credit points are adjusted to reflect how
much of the drainage system it inspects and maintains. It is important to note
that this activity is verified in the field. An ISO/CRS Specialist will check a
sample of stream segments and basins in the areas maintained by the
community. If the field check shows that maintenance is not being performed
according to the written procedures, the credit points will be adjusted. Citations
issued to private property owners are not considered maintenance unless they
are enforced and bring results.
Single lots: The community's "drainage system" does not have to include
facilities that only drain one lot. In order to draw the line between public and
private maintenance responsibility, the community may exempt landscaping
swales, low ground along property lines, or small drainage ways from its
program. However, facilities that are needed to drain several lots, such as a ditch
that runs through several private properties, could be considered part of the
drainage system.
Altered watercourses: There is no CRS credit for maintaining altered
watercourses, because such maintenance is a minimum requirement of the
NFIP. In fact, failure to maintain such watercourses may result in a revision to the
community's FIRM. The CRS provides credit for activities that are "above and
beyond" the minimum requirements of the NFIP. If a stream is altered after the
community's FIRM is published, the NFIP requires the community to ensure that
the channel's carrying capacity is not adversely altered. This is required in 44
CFR 60.3(b)(7) of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA's) NFIP
regulations and in most communities' floodplain management ordinances.
3. Inspection Procedures: Periodic inspections of channels and basins in developed
areas are needed in every community to prevent the accumulation of debris deposited
by storms, dumping, or natural processes. For CDR credit, inspections must be
conducted
. At least once each year,
. After each storm that could adversely impact the drainage system, and
. In response to citizen's complaints.
. In addition, action must be taken after an inspection identifies the need for
maintenance or cleaning.
These should be considered minimums. Local conditions may well warrant more
frequent regular inspections. The CRS will not provide credit for a program that only
makes inspections when a complaint is filed. Although the program also must respond
to complaints, regular inspections are vital. Often complaints are filed after the problem
causes a flood. The objective of drainage system maintenance is to prevent such
problems. It should be noted that CRS Activity 330 (Outreach Projects) encourages
communities to advise their residents on how to submit complaints, especially if they
see illegal dumping.
Additional credit is provided if the community "identifies specific problem sites that are
inspected and maintained differently or more frequently than other parts of the drainage
system." Problem sites can be channel constrictions, culverts that catch debris more
than others, undersized culverts, facilities near schools or other source of vandalism,
etc. The written procedures must list these sites (or show them on a map) and describe
how they are treated differently, usually through more frequent inspections.
4. Maintenance Procedures: A regular maintenance program in conjunction with
inspections can prevent big problems. Typical problems found in open channels include
trash, shopping carts, tires, plastic containers, branches, and logjams. Typical storage
basin problems include clogged inlets and outlets, basin sedimentation, and broken
pumps. When found early, they can often be removed or corrected with minimal
equipment and expense.
A public works crew or contractor, usually without heavy equipment, normally carries
out the maintenance work for the basic CRS credit. The objective is to remove debris
that has accumulated, such as shopping carts and other debris. For this CRS credit,
the community's program must clearly describe what can and cannot be removed.
Simply stating that "all debris will be removed" may not be correct for all areas. In
natural drainage ways, federal and state laws may prevent some types of debris from
being removed or maintenance from being performed. This section of the procedures
should clearly describe any such limitations. Classifying streams is one way to define
what can and cannot be done for different types of drainage ways.
Bank erosion: The CRS does not credit activities dealing with bank erosion unless
they are part of an annual capital improvements program. Although houses or bridges
may be threatened by the erosion, the erosion usually does not cause a serious
obstruction to flood flows. Similarly, bridge and culvert maintenance are only
considered if their condition obstructs the flow of water.
State permits: If the community has the right to enter all affected properties to perform
maintenance, there should be no legal problems. In some cases, a state permit may be
required. Usually a state permit is needed only for major projects, such as channel
widening or bank stabilization or for projects in naturally sensitive areas, such as
endangered species habitat. If a permit is needed for routine maintenance and debris
removal, a general permit can often be obtained for a period of years and that specifies
what work can be done. The community's program needs to identify the instances in
which a state permit is needed.
Stream Classification
A community's drainage system maintenance procedures must identify what is
considered a problem and what happens when a problem is found. This may
require classifying streams and storage basins as natural and human-made and
treating them differently.
Natural Channel
H,uman-Made Ditch
A drainage maintenance program should not treat natural channels and human-
made ditches the same. The natural channel has a wider area in which to flow.
Trees and small log or debris jams can be accommodated by minor diversions of
flow without causing any problems. In fact, vegetation and minor obstructions
that cause riffles and pools are desired in many natural streams because they
improve habitat and water quality. However, large collections of debris that
accumulate at a bridge can cause a major obstruction and should be removed.
A human-made drainage ditch or canal is designed to use less area to carry
more water. These channels need more attention because there is no room to
carry overflows caused by blockages. They are not intended to have trees or other
vegetation growing in them. In human-made ditches, too much vegetation is
considered "debris." Therefore, if an inspection finds trees and brush growing in
the channel, they have to be removed. Regular mowing and grubbing ensures that
these channels do their job.
Another problem in natural streams is vegetation. Too much vegetation,
especially weedy (often non-native) plants, can choke a stream while too little
vegetation can lead to serious erosion. Maintenance procedures need to be tailored
to each stream. They may include plant removal, replanting, tree trimming, or
mowmg.
In short, drainage system maintenance programs need to take into account the
habitat, recreational uses, and flood control facets of the stream. The community
with a multi-objective approach to its river corridors will best be able to handle
the competing interests and get the best results from its stream maintenance
efforts.
5. Records: A maintenance program needs records. Typically, these include
· Complaint or inquiry forms for recording reports of problems,
· Inspection forms that show everything that was checked,
· Work orders that task an office to clear debris or correct a problem, and
· Maintenance records that show the work that was done.
In some cases, one or two simple forms can cover all needs. A "Drainage Problem
Report" form can show both the maintenance action needed and what was done.
These forms need to be included with the procedures that are submitted for CRS credit.
It is important to note that the CRS credit points are not based on the cost of the
program, the source of funding, the amount of debris removed, or similar administrative
issues. What counts is that the community inspects and maintains its drainage system
on a regular basis or when needed.
There are two levels of credit for Channel and Basin Debris Removal (COR):
· Up to 200 points are provided for having and implementing procedures that cover
the five items previously discussed.
· An additional credit of up to 50 points is provided if the community's program
identifies specific problem sites that are inspected and maintained differently or
more frequently than other parts of the drainage system.
Most communities provide the same drainage maintenance service to all residents and
therefore their programs cover the entire community. However, there may be cases in
which a community can only inspect and maintain part of its drainage system (e.g., only
those watercourses on public property). The impact adjustment modifies the credit
points to reflect how much of the community's developed areas are covered by its
drainage maintenance program.
Full CRS credit is provided if the community inspects and maintains all parts of the
drainage system in developed areas. There is no set definition of "developed areas." At
a minimum it includes subdivisions with lots of 1 acre or smaller. It does not need to
include farms, forests, parks, or preserves unless obstructions in those areas will result
in flooding of built-up areas. The community only needs to demonstrate that there are
no buildings threatened in areas not covered. For example, full credit is provided to a
county that maintains the drainage system in built-up areas, even though it does not
look after every ditch in its rural areas or in parks or preserves.
Indian reservations, lands owned by the state or another community, and federal land,
such as national parks and military reservations, are generally beyond a community's
jurisdiction. These may be excluded from the drainage system maintenance program.
There are cases where drainage maintenance programs do not cover all developed
areas. For example, a community may not have the legal authority to send inspectors or
maintenance crews onto some properties. Some communities are just starting formal
maintenance programs and are phasing in streams for regular inspections after major
obstructions have been removed or after rights-of-way have been obtained. In some
areas, state or federal regulations may prevent disturbing the habitat of an endangered
species.
If the community cannot provide inspections and maintenance in all developed areas,
the CRS credit points must be adjusted to reflect the impact of the program. This is the
"impact adjustment," which is done by multiplying the credit points for CDR by the
percentage of the community covered.
Collier County already receives CDR credit points for Channel and Basin Debris
Removal in the County's secondary canal systems and roadside drainage. However,
there are no PUB credit points received for requiring the owners and operators of
private stormwater management systems to inspect, maintain, and report to the County.
A high percentage of drainage and flooding complaints called in to the County come
from residents within private development stormwater management systems. Usually
the problem comes from the stormwater management facilities not being maintained, or
in many instances, they have been rendered totally non-functional.
For those developments that have stormwater management systems permitted by the
South Florida Water Management District, there are no requirements for maintenance,
only recommendations. If a permitted stormwater management system fails, and the
South Florida Water Management District is notified, they will send out someone from
their compliance section to examine the situation and determine if a violation needing
correction has occurred. However, there is no pro-active enforcement, only reactive.
The establishment of minimum maintenance, inspection, and reporting requirements for
the owners and operators of private stormwater management systems is a pro-active
program that not only reduces flooding potential, but helps ensure that the intended
water quality treatment is occurring. The program proposed for implementation in
Collier County includes the following points.
(1) Periodic inspection and maintenance of stormwater facilities is essential to ensure
their adequacy to function properly and provide the level of flood protection as
originally designed and constructed. The training and experience of the individuals
performing the inspection and maintenance is important to ensure proper recognition
and understanding of problems that may be encountered.
(2) The owners or responsible entities of all new stormwater management facilities (Le.
those developments with a start of construction date occurring after the effective
date of this Ordinance) are responsible to perform at least an annual maintenance of
the development's complete stormwater management system and have a licensed
Florida professional engineer, knowledgeable with stormwater management design
and regulations, perform an annual inspection and certify that the maintenance has
been done. Maintenance activity will remove all large objects that could obstruct or
hinder flow capacity, and remove all sediment accumulations when they have
accumulated to reduce the water quality and/or quantity capacities by more than
20%.
(3) The owners or responsible entities of all existing stormwater management facilities
(Le. those developments with a start of construction date occurring before the
effective date of this Ordinance) are responsible to perform at least a bi-annual
(every other year) maintenance of the development's complete stormwater
management system and have a licensed Florida professional engineer
knowledgeable with stormwater management design and regulations perform an
annual inspection and certify that the maintenance has been done. Maintenance
activity will remove all large objects that could obstruct or hinder flow capacity, and
remove all sediment accumulations when they have accumulated to reduce the
water quality and/or quantity capacities by more than 20%.
· For all development south of the centerline of Golden Gate Parkway
[including the extension of an imaginary alignment due east of the intersection
of Golden Gate Parkway/Collier Blvd. (CR-951)], the initial maintenance and
inspection certification are due October 1, 2006.
· For all development north of the centerline of Golden Gate Parkway [including
the extension of an imaginary alignment due east of the intersection of
Golden Gate Parkway/Collier Blvd. (CR-951)], the initial maintenance and
inspection certification are due October 1,2007.
(4) The certified stormwater management facility maintenance and inspection report
will include, at a minimum,
· a name, location and description of the development,
· name of the owner or responsible entity,
· any local, State of Florida, or Federal permit number (if applicable),
· a drawing showing the location of the stormwater management facilities,
· details as necessary to identify the existing facility components, cross
sections, profiles, shapes, etc. of swales, ditches, pipes, lakes, control
structures, or other components of the approved facilities,
· an explanation of the condition of the facilities (e.g. observed sediment
accumulations, rusting pipes, cracked concrete, etc.),
· an explanation of the specific efforts undertaken to perform the inspection,
and
· the engineer's signed and sealed certification in accordance with Chapter
471, Florida Statutes and Chapter 61G-15, Florida Administrative Code.
. If no physical changes have been made to the development's stormwater
management facilities since the last certified maintenance and inspection
report, clearly understood references to the location and physical descriptions
of the applicable facilities can be made by the engineer in subsequent
certified reports up to a maximum of (ten)10 years.
(5) The certified stormwater management facility maintenance and inspection report
will be submitted to the Floodplain Administrator in a format acceptable to him.
Establishing a program for the inspection and maintenance of the private stormwater
management systems will necessitate the identification and/or establishment of a
County department responsible to oversee this inspection and certification program,
along with sufficient staffing and funding. A cost estimate has been developed to staff a
program to oversee the inspection and certification of the public and private stormwater
management facilities. It is estimated that within two years of the startup of that
program there would be a need for a program manager, a secretary, a GIS technician,
and two engineering inspectors, along with the necessary facilities and equipment. A
rough annual budget estimate would be in the order of $120,000 for the first year, and
$330,000 for following years. The County Manager would determine funding for this
program as the decision is made on where this program would be placed within the
organizational structure of the County Manager's agency. Since this program will focus
on the proper operation and maintenance of stormwater management systems, there
may be an opportunity for the County to request that some funding be provided by the
South Florida Water Management District.
The costs incurred by the owners and operators of the private stormwater management
facilities will vary greatly depending on the size, complexity, age, condition, and
availability of copies of permits and construction plans. The major cost will be incurred
for the first year's inspection report. After that, the systems should be relatively easy
and inexpensive to maintain and inspect since there will be an annual or semi-annual
reporting requirement and an interest in keeping the systems maintained.
Much of the reporting can be included in the PUD monitoring program. However, there
are PUDs that have fulfilled all of their commitments and no longer have to file the
annual report. There are also many stormwater management systems for projects that
are not within PUDs. Some developments may have disbanded the home owner
association. Each situation will require individual attention, and it is anticipated that
several years will pass before the County will be able to verify a high percentage of
compliance. However, through perseverance, the County should anticipate reductions
in flooding and improvements in water quality.
Staff's recommendation is for the adoption of Stormwater Management Facilities
Inspection and Maintenance regulations. This will allow Collier County to apply for up to
110 credit points.
DISCLOSURE OF FLOOD HAZARD (DFH) - One very important aspect of a
floodplain management program is making information available to the public. The
public outreach program to residents and property owners can take on various formats
(e.g. newsletters, paid notices/advertisements, web sites, public meetings/events, etc.)
In Collier County, there is a very strong real estate industry catering to many people
moving to southwest Florida for the first time. Establishing a program to disclose
information on properties that are located within the Special Flood Hazard Area (flood
zones beginning with the letter "V" or "A") can have a very effective, and positive, impact
on the community.
Most prospective buyers do not take the time (or know how) to investigate whether a
property is subject to a flood hazard. In many cases a property may not be near a
stream or shoreline, past flooding may have been minor, or there may be no history of
flooding since the area was developed. As a result, many people are caught by
surprise when their properties are flooded. One of the best times to advise someone of
a flood hazard is at the time they are considering the purchase of property. Current
federal law requires only that a lender advise a person of the flood hazard 10 days
before closing on the loan. This could be well after the buyer has put down earnest
money, has lost interest in other properties, and has become committed to purchasing a
property without knowing all the facts. In many states a buyer has recourse under
consumer protection laws.
CRS Credit is provided if a community's real estate agents advise prospective floodplain
occupants about the flood hazard and the flood insurance purchase requirement. This
activity should encourage the purchase of flood insurance and implementation of flood
protection measures, prevent victimization of unwary buyers, and encourage
appropriate use of vacant land. The objective of this activity is to prevent all the
troubles that can arise from failing to advise potential purchasers of a flood hazard.
Such a program can protect the real estate agents and sellers from lawsuits. In many
cases, it will prevent unwise development of vacant land.
The maximum credit available for Disclosure of the Flood Hazard is 81 points as
described below.
A. Disclosure by Real Estate Agents by either of the two requirements
1. DFH = 46, if real estate agents notify those interested in purchasing properties
located in the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) about the flood hazard and
the flood insurance purchase requirement. The notice must clearly state
whether the property is in the floodplain and, if so, that flood insurance is
required. The community must submit examples of the disclosure notices used
by local real estate agencies. OR
2. DFH = 20, if a state law requires real estate agents to advise people whether a
property is located in a Special Flood Hazard Area.
Credit for disclosure of the flood hazard (DFH) relies on real estate agents to
inform a potential purchaser whether a property is in an SFHA. Under the first
option (46 points), there is no requirement for a statutory or other legal mandate
that real estate agents disclose the hazard in order to obtain credit for DFH. This
credit is based on the documentation that real estate agents are disclosing the
hazard, not on why they are doing it.
Real estate agents may request that the community make determinations of
properties being advertised for sale. However, no credit is provided if prospective
buyers are sent to the community to find out about a property's potential flood risk.
Credit for DFH is entirely based on the real estate agents' informing people
whether a property is in an SFHA, regardless of whether they were asked. A law
or policy to disclose hazard information only after an inquiry is made does not earn
credit.
Credit for DFH cannot be based on real estate agents' using a seller's statement or
certificate. Even though the sellers have not experienced a flood while they owned
the property, the information that is required is notification of whether the property
is in an SFHA. The best way to implement this activity is with a written notification
to potential purchasers. This provides the purchaser with the correct information
and provides documentation for the real estate agent and the ISO/CRS Specialist.
If the notice says a property is in the SFHA, it must also tell the inquirer that federal
law requires the purchase of flood insurance as a condition of a federally backed
mortgage. The notice may simply say, "Flood Insurance Required," in which case
the notation that the property is in the SFHA is not needed. A property notice that
is difficult for the prospective buyer to interpret, such as "FP: Y/N," or a general
statement on all properties, such as "Flood insurance may be required," or "Flood
Zone," is not acceptable. The form must clearly state, "Flood insurance is
required."
The credit criteria for the second option for DFH credit (20 points) are not as
extensive as for the first option, provided there is a state law requiring the
disclosure. Credit can be provided if there is a Multiple Listing Service notice, a
seller's disclosure form, or other written notification. However, the disclosure must
state whether the property is in a floodplain, not whether the seller has
experienced a flood. For this 20-point credit, there is no requirement to explain the
flood insurance purchase requirement.
B. Other Disclosure Requirements (ODR) has a maximum credit of 15 points. ODR = 5, for
each other disclosure method required by law. If two other methods are required, OOR =
10. Credit can only be applied for up to three other disclosure methods, including but not
limited to:
1. Requiring all sellers to disclose in order to cover those cases where a real estate
agent is not involved.
2. Requiring real estate agents and sellers to advise potential purchasers whether "to
the best of their knowledge and belief' the property has ever been flooded.
3. Requiring landlords to advise potential renters about the flood hazard.
4. Requiring final recorded subdivision plats to display the flood hazard area.
5. Requiring individual lot surveys to show the flood hazard area.
6. Requiring titles or deed records to show zoning or building permit conditions related
to floodplain or drainage regulations, such as a notice about the substantial
improvement or substantial damage requirement for floodplain properties.
7. Requiring signs posted in subdivisions to advise visitors of the flood hazard.
8. Requiring deeds to show the lot or building elevation in relation to sea level and the
base or historical flood elevation.
9. Requiring a seller to disclose if the property is subject to a flood-related special
hazard.
A community may apply for credit under one of these additional approaches, even
if it does not have a real estate agent notification program. These approaches do
not have to be local requirements. In many cases, these disclosure methods are
required by state law. This list is not meant to be all-inclusive. The objective of the
OOR credit is to provide information to people before they are committed to owning
or occupying a property with a flood hazard. Because these approaches do not
affect as many people while they are actually looking for a property (as agent
disclosure does), fewer credit points are provided. Furthermore, because they are
difficult to verify in the field, these approaches must be based on a law or other
explicit legal mandate.
Requirements for identifying the floodplain or flood elevations on preliminary plats
or permit applications are not disclosure requirements and are not credited. OOR
credit is based on a legal requirement to disclose the flood hazard on a record or
notice that will be seen by potential purchasers or occupants of a property.
C. Real Estate agents' Brochure (REB) has a maximum credit of 10 points that are
available if real estate agents are providing brochures or handouts that advise potential
buyers to investigate the flood hazard for a property. This credit is available even if the
community does not receive credit for Disclosure of the Flood Hazard under Section
341.a.
An example of such a brochure is shown in Figure 340-1, and modifying this
sample to create a locally tailored brochure describing the community's flood
hazard would be very useful. Sellers, in particular, may appreciate as complete a
description as possible, especially if the flooding is shallow and slow-moving and
retrofitting or other protective measures are appropriate and inexpensive.
Purchasers of vacant land should be well aware of factors such as the depth,
velocity, and warning time of the base flood.
D. Disclosure of Other Hazards (DOH) has a maximum credit of 10 points if the
notification to prospective buyers discussed above also includes disclosure of other
flood-related hazards, such as erosion, subsidence, or wetlands. The credit for DOH is
only available if the community also receives credit for DFH.
The total credit calculation for providing thorough floodplain information noticing to
potential purchasers is the sum of DFH + ODR + REB + DOH.
Staff's recommendation is that mandatory floodplain disclosure requirements be
established in Collier County to inform and protect property purchasers. It is
recommended that the following disclosure requirements be implemented.
1. Disclosure by real estate agents (DFH = 46 points)
2. Other Disclosure Requirements (ODR = 15 points)
a. Requiring all sellers to disclose in order to cover those cases where a real
estate agent is not involved.
b. Requiring real estate agents and sellers to advise potential purchasers
whether "to the best of their knowledge and belief' the property has ever
been flooded.
c. Requiring landlords to advise potential renters about the flood hazard.
d. Requiring final recorded subdivision plats to display the flood hazard area.
e. Requiring individual lot surveys to show the flood hazard area.
3. Real Estate agents' Brochure (REB = 10 points) to advise potential buyers to
investigate the flood hazard for a property.
Recognizing the importance that this would have to the real estate industry, staff
contacted and met with representatives of the Naples Area Board of Realtors and the
Marco Island Association of Realtors. Their input and support for this disclosure
requirement was greatly appreciated as they also recognize the need to ensure that
their customers are well informed about such a vital issue.
The cost per property to implement this notification requirement is negligible. Generic
sample disclosure documents can be made available on the County's web page and the
flood map information is already available on the County's web page at
www.colliergov.net.
Flood Hazard: Cbeck: Before Yon Bn}'
Flooding aud omer sur:.u:,e dramage problems caD 0::= well al\'aj' from a ri..,-U, lake, ox ocean. If ytm're lookmg at a.
propert}', it'.. a ~ood idea to check out the possibleflooa hazard be:!'ol\! you buy, Here's why:
The force of moving wata' or t\'a':es c;m destro~r a building,
Slow-mo,-ing floo.awaten em kno::k peopleofftneir :!'eeter float a car,
E1'lm standing water = float;! building; colt;;;p,e basement Vi'aU" or 'buckle a CtmeI\!te tioOO',
Vl ater-soaked contents, ;;uch as cZlp.eting, clothing, upholstered mrnitu:r<e, and mattresses, may hal,e to be
mrown away after a flood.
Some items, .such as photogl'apus and heirlooms, may ne',a' be Iestol\!d to their o::igic.aZ condition,
Floodwater.:. are Dot clean: floo.as ::,a1'1Y mud, :farm chemicah, Ioad oil, ;mdother noxious .:.ubstancesthat
cause health :i:.azards.
Theunpact of a flcod-deaning up, making l"E!pairs, and the personallo:;;ses-cancause gl'eat stress to )'aU,
your family, and your:5nances,
Floodplain RegabtioDs: Y OUI ccmumnity regwa!~ constrw::tion and denlopDl"-Ut m the floodplain, to ensm'e that
buildings will be pI-otected from flood d.ama~e, Filling and ~imililJ; projects areprohibi!tedm certain area~. Homes
sub.unrially damaged by me, flood, 01 auy other cause tu,ffit beele.....ated to or aoove the flood level when they are
repaired.
Check for the Flood HazaI'd: Befme you ~omtu,it yourself to bu)'ing pl'Operty, do the foUowmg:
Ask the local building" :ronmg" or engineeIillg aepartmeut if the property is in a floodplain; if" it has eVl!!l beell
flooded; what ilieflcod depth, ve1ocity, andw:unmg time are: if it is subject to any other hazards; and what
build.ing or zon:::g re,gutaiio~ are in effect.
Ask the real estate agent if the plOpeli)" is i.u a t1oodpbin, if:i has eve: beu flooded, and If it is subjed to ;my
other hazaI'<B, suc.b :!s S!!Vi'er backup or subsideuce,
,ilw.l: the seHer and ilie neighbors if the property is in a &odplaiLt, how long the)' have lived there, if the
pl'opeIty hac. e1,,& been flooded, and, ifi! is- subjec1 te any ether hazaI.;b,
flood Protection: A building can bi! pIotected :l'roml:lJ.{\::;t ilood hazards, sometimil''s at .. relan"el}' low cost, New
buildings and additiom can be elented aboY!! flood leyeh_ Existillg building;; czn be pIotectecl from:.!:.al)';)w
ilooav.'aters by regnding, bMms, or flood'.valls. There are otheI' :retm:5tting tl!,clmiques ilia: can proted a building from
S".:nface or subsurl'..ce water,
Flood In..arane!!: E,omeo....-uel's inmraucl! U$ually does not:inc..'lude coverage:foI;! flood, One oftne bestpl'otectiol1
muzmes for ;3 building with a flood pIoblem is Narioc.aZ Flood m:iUIilil1rcl!, which lZ pmcliased through. auy pl'operty
in.:mran::e agent. If'the building i"located in a fl,oodplaiD., flood U:lzurance will be required by I1lOst mortgagi! lm.aers
(zee other "ide), A.k aD. in;urance aglmt how much a flood insurance policy would co~t.
[NOH:: The other =ide of tM; fJJ.'liIl' is the .:;arnll as Figup's 32Q-2,J
Figure 340-1. Sample real estate agents' brochnre.
Flood Insurance
NFlP: This community participater. in the National Flood InsuI'ance Program (N'"FIP)_ The NFIP makes
federally backed flood insurance available for all buildings. whether they are ina floodplain or not_ Fleod
insurance cevers direct losses caur.ed by surface floodillg, including a river flowing over its banks, a lake or
ocean storm, and lecal drainage problems_
The NFIP insurer. buildings, including mobile homes_ with t\.':o types of coverage: structural alld centents,
Structural coverage is for the walls, floers, insulatien, furnace, and ether items permanently attached to the
structure_ Contents coverage may be purchased separately provided the contents are in an insurable building_
Mandator" Pmchase Reauirement: The mandatory purchase requil-ement applier. to all forms 'Of federal or
federally related financial ar.sistance for buildings located in a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA)_ This
requirement affeers loans and grants for the purchase, construction, repair, or improvement of any publicly or
privately owned building in the SFHA, including machinery, equipment, fixturer., and furnishings contained in
such buildings,
Financial assistance programs affected include loans and grants from agencies such as the Department of
Veterans Affairs, FaIDlers Home Administration, Federal Housing Administration, Small Businer.s
Administration, alld Federal EmeIgency Management Agency, The requirement also applies to secured
mortgage loans from financial inr.titutionr., such as cOIl1Il1erciallenders, sayings and loan associations, savings
banks, and credit unions that are regulated, supervi!.ed or insured by Federal agencies such as the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Office of Thrift Supen,ision_ It also applies to all mortgage loans
purchased by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac in the secondary mortgage market.
HOiv it \Vorks: Before a per!>on can receive a loan or other financial assistance from oue of the a,ffected
agencies or lenders. there must be a check to see if the building is in a Special Floed Hazard Area (SFHA)_ The
SFHA is the base (IOO-year) floodplain mapped on a Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIR.l\of)_ It is shown as one or
more zoner. that begin with the letter "A'- or "V_'"
Copies of the FIRM: are available for revie\..' in most local government building or planning departments_ Many
lenders and insurance agents also have copies, It is the agency's or the lender's responsibility to check the
FIRM: to determine if the building is in an SFH..I\, although many cOIl1Il1tmities provide assistance_
If the building is in a SFH.6", the agency or lender is requu-ed by law to require the recipient to purchar.e a flood
insurance policy on the building_ The requirement is for stmctural coverage equal to the amount of the loan (or
other financial assistance) or the maximum amount available, whichever is less_ The maximum amount
available for a single-family hou!.e is $250,000_
The mandatory purchase requiIement does not affect loans or financial asr.istance for items that az-e not covered
by a flood insurance policy, such as vehicles, business expenses, landscaping, and vacant lots_ It does not affect
loanr. for buildingr. that are not in the SFHA, even though a portion of the lot may be floodprone, \Vhile not
mandated by law, a lender may require a flood insurance policy as a condition of a loan for a property in any
zone on a Flood Insurance Rate Map_
Figure 320-2. Handout on mandator)- purchase of flood insurance.
City of Ploodville
Building Departm,ent
City Hall
Date:
RE~ Flood Insurance Rate Map Information
TO 1'/HOII{ IT M.~y CONCERN:
The property located at:
kno~~ as [legal description if needed]
located on the city's Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM).
is provided:
, also
has been
The following infornlation
Floodville's community number: 123456
The property is locat,ed on panel number:
Suffix:
The date of the FIRM index: May 15, 1980.
The property is located in FIRM zone:
The main building on the property:
is located in a Special Flood Hazard Area. The base flood elevation at the
property is~ ,NGVD. Federal law requires that a flood insurance
policy be obtained as a condition of a federally-backed mortgage or loan that
is secured by the building. It is up to the lender to dete~~ine whether
flood insurance is required for a property. Flood insurance is available in
Floodville. More information on flood insurance is attached.
is not located in a Special Flood Hazard Area. However, the property may
still be subject to local drainage problems or other unmapped flood hazard.
Flood insurance is available and may be obtained at non-floodplain rates. A
flood insurance policy may be required by a lender,
A decision about the building's exact location cannot be made on the FIRM. A
copy of the FIRM is attached for your information.
NOTE: This information is based on the Flood Insurance Rate Map for the City.
This letter does not imply that the referenced property will or will not be free
from flooding or damage. A property not in a Special Flood Hazard Area, may be
damaged by a flood greater than that predicted on the FIP.M or from a local
drainage problem not shown on the map, This letter does not create liability on
the part of the City, or any officer or employee thereof, for any damage that
results from reliance on this information.
Building Official
Figure 320-1. Floodville's map information l'ecOl'd.
OTHER HIGHER STANDARDS (OHS) - This category is established so that
communities are able to develop special criteria suitable for their jurisdiction that provide
additional resistance to flood damage.
Under current requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), only
residential buildings are required to be elevated above the base flood elevation. Non-
residential buildings can be floodproofed up to the base flood elevation. Floodproofing
can be accomplished by various methods, but a common method is to incorporate
impermeable walls with flood panels that can be installed across door and window
openings. The building must be designed to withstand the hydrostatic and buoyancy
forces of the base flood, along with an internal dewatering system to collect and
discharge seepage.
Collier County is an area of relatively high rates of commercial real estate turnover, new
owners may not understand the details involved in properly implementing flood proofing
techniques incorporated into their building. Also, given the general apathy to flooding in
all but the most frequently flooded areas of the County, there may be no training or
readily available equipment provided to current building occupants.
With those considerations in mind, the County has the ability to require non-residential
buildings to be elevated to or above the base flood elevation the same as a residential
building. There may be certain non-residential buildings (e.g. car wash) where the
building is basically open to the weather and constructed of water resistant materials
that would not be subject to damage from flooding, provided that all electrical,
mechanical, and other enclosed spaces were constructed at or above the base flood
elevation.
Since criteria within the Other Higher Standards (OHS) are specific and unique to each
community, officials within the National Flood Insurance Program will evaluate their
effectiveness in preventing or reducing flood damage and assign credit points. A typical
value for requiring non-residential buildings to be elevated to or above the base flood
elevation and not allowing flood proofing is 10 credit points.
Staff's recommendation is that floodproofing of new, substantially damaged, or
substantially improved non-residential buildings be prohibited, with only specific
exceptions (if any) being identified in the regulations.
CONCLUSION
Staff is recommending that Collier County undertake improved efforts to make the
community more flood resistant, and the residents and property owners aware of the
potential for flooding. These efforts will not only address health, safety and welfare
concerns of the community, but have the potential to increase the community's credit
point score in the Community Rating System of the National Flood Insurance Program.
Increasing the point score to established thresholds provides increased discounts to
flood insurance policy holders within the community. In the case of freeboard, this
provides a reduced flood insurance premium to the individual property owner,
depending upon the amount of freeboard for the building. With that goal in mind, the
following regulations are recommended for implementation within unincorporated Collier
Cou nty.
1. Freeboard - (up to 100 points for each foot of freeboard requirement) Require
buildings to be protected to a level higher than the base flood elevation.
2. Foundation Protection - (20 points) Require that fill and building foundations
be designed to protect them from damage due to erosion, scour, and settling.
3. Lower Substantial Improvements - (10 points) Use a threshold of 49% of the
building's value to determine when the substantial improvement requirement
takes effect.
4. Cumulative Substantial Improvements - (70 points) improvements or repairs
are counted cumulatively over a 5-year period toward the substantial
improvement requirement, and definitions to implement Increased Cost of
Compliance flood insurance coverage are established.
5. Protection of Critical Facilities - (up to 50 points) Require that new and
substantially improved critical facilities be protected up to the 500-year flood
level.
6. Protection of Floodplain Storage Capacity -- (70 points) Maintain floodplain
storage by requiring compensatory storage
7. Manufactured Home Parks - (50 points) Require that new and replacement
manufactured homes placed in existing manufactured home parks be properly
elevated to or above the base flood elevation and anchored.
8. Stormwater Management Facility Inspection - (up to 110 points) Require
annual certification of new stormwater management facilities and semi-annual
certification of existing stormwater management facilities for all public and
private systems.
9. Flood Hazard Disclosure - (up to 71 points) Requirements for developers or
sellers to or disclose the flood hazard on their properties
10. Other Higher Standards - (approximately 10 points) Require new,
substantially damaged, or substantially improved non-residential buildings to be
constructed at or above the base flood elevation and eliminate the option for
floodproofing.
Implementation of these recommendations has the potential to increase Collier County's
Community Rating System score by 561 points which would change our class rating to
a Class 6 community and provide up to 20% discounts to the flood insurance policy
holders.
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Higher Regulatory Standards
Discussion
Collier County
Board of County Commissioners
Workshop Meeting
March 20, 2006
Two Main Objectives for Today
1. Discussion of some of the Higher
Regulatory Standards of the
Community Rating System
2. Gain support of the Board of County
Commissioners for making Collier
County a more flood resistant
community
Community Rating System
Participation
. Collier County is a participant in the
Community Rating System (CRS) of the
National Flood Insurance Program
. Participation in the CRS allows County
property owners the ability to receive
flood insurance premium discounts
based upon the County's level of effort.
1
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Community Rating System
Participation
. Credit points are awarded to the
County based upon which CRS
activities are implemented.
. There are 18 CRS activity categories
with a total of 14.668 points available.
. The County's current point score is
1692.
Activity Activity Name Available Collier County
No, Points Point.
310 Elev.tion Certificates 162 56
320 Map Information 140 140
330 OUtreach Project. 315 37
340 Hazard DisclosUf'"e 81 0
350 Fh)od Protection Infannalion .. 0
300 Flood Protection Assistanctl 71 0
410 Additional Flood DlIta 1373 0
420 Open Space Pr...rvation 900 307
430 Higher Reg....tory Standards 2720 83
440 Flood Data Maintenance 231 48
450 Stormwater MaNlgemenl 670 7$
510 Floodplain Management Planning 309 127
520 Acquisition and Retocation 3200 0
530 Flood Protection 2800 0
540 Drainage System Maintenance 330 250
610 Rood Warning Program 225 124
620 Levee Safety 900 0
630 Dam &lfaly 175 67
700 Community Growth Adjustment 150-/.
Community Rating System
Participation
. Staff is working to improve the scoring in
several of the CRS activity categories
. Activity categories with lots of room for
increased scoring
340 (Hazard Disclosure)
. 430 (Higher Regulatory Standards)
. 450 (Stormwater Management)
. All series 400 activity category scores are
multiplied by the Community Growth
Adjustment Factor of 150%.
2
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Higher Regulatory Standards
are Applicable in SFHA
Requested Higher Regulatory
Standards
. Freeboard
. Foundation Protection
. Lower Substantial Improvements Threshold
. Cumulative Substantial Improvements
. Protection of Critical Facilities
. Protection of Floodplain Storage Capacity
. Manufactured Home Parks
. Stormwater Management Facilities Inspection
and Maintenance
. Flood Hazard Disclosure
Other Higher Standards - No Floodproofing
Freeboard
. Add one foot of elevation requirement to
the Base Flood Elevation shown on the
Flood Insurance Rate Maps.
Serves as a factor of safety and reduces
flood insurance premiums
. Freeboard would be applied to the lowest
floor elevation, including basement,
electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing,
air conditioning equipment, and other
service facilities, including duct work.
3
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Freeboard Example
BFE
FU_~
Du-..nt n...
lhrauvh .w..
Top" no,::;-!:':'". __ alFJ:;
BFE
Freeboard (cont.)
. Potential CRS Credit: UP to 100 points
. Freeboard is for the structure, not the
entire property
. Typical cost (from surveyed builders)
for an average 3000 s.f. house would be
in the range of $5,500.
. This equates to $1.83 per s.f. so
assume $2.00 for discussion purposes
Freeboard (cont.)
. For a $200,000 house, the flood
insurance premium would be about
$645, but if one foot of freeboard was
provided, the cost would be about $415.
. That amounts to over 35% cost
reduction for flood insurance each year.
. The savings pays for the freeboard in
less than the life of the mortgage.
4
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Freeboard (cont.)
. A category 3 hurricane impact zone
(according to the SLOSH models) can exceed
the depth and area of coverage identified in
the FEMA flood maps.
. The damage from one major flooding event
can easily amount to $25,000 to $100,000 per
building that is flooded.
. A building above the flood level is usable for
returning occupants.
. OSAC did not recommend approval.
. CCPC recommended approval.
Foundation Protection
Specifies that all new buildings built on fill
must be constructed on properly designed
and compacted fill (ASTM 0.698 or equivalent)
that extends beyond the building walls before
dropping below the base flood elevation.
. County determines how far to extend the fill
out from the building foundation.
. Potential CRS Credit: UP to 20 points
. Typical cost for a house would be < $1,200.
. This protects against erosion, scour, and
settling.
. OSAC and CCPC recommended approval.
Lower Substantial
Improvements Threshold
. The standard NFIP threshold for substantial
improvements construction or substantial
damage repair for a non-compliant structure
is 50% of the value of the structure before
the improvement or damage occurrecr.-
. When the threshold is met or exceeded, the
structure must be brought into compliance
with the current FIRM (including any
freeboard).
5
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Lower Substantial
Improvements Threshold (cont.)
. This proposal is to lower the threshold to 49%.
. Has a 2% potential owner impact.
. No additional costs for new construction.
. Potential CRS Credit: 10 points
. DSAC and CCPC recommended approval.
Cumulative Substantial
Improvements
. Considers the sum total of all improvements,
modifications, additions, reconstruction and
damage repairs over the previous 5 years in
calculating compliance with the substantial
improvements threshold
. Allows property owners to gain the benefit of
their flood insurance policy's Increased Cost
of Compliance coverage to protect against
future flooding damage
Cumulative Substantial
Improvements (cont.)
. No additional cost for new construction
. Potential CRS Credit: UP to 70 points
. DSAC did not recommend approval.
. CCPC recommended approval.
6
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Protection of Critical Facilities
. The purpose of protecting critical
facilities is to provide greater assurance
that these facilities will be able to
function during and immediately
following times of flooding.
. Requires protection up to the 0.2 percent
chance (SOO-year) flooding event, or one
foot above the Base Flood Elevation,
whichever is higher
Protection of Critical Facilities
(cont.)
Critical facilities include:
Fire stations
Sheriff stations/substations
EMS stations
Collier County Emergency Operations Center
Emergency evacuation centers
Hospitals
Water treatment plants, pump stations, wells
Wastewater treatment plants and pump stations
Electrical power substations
Telephone communications centers/switching
stations
Protection of Critical Facilities
(cont.)
Within the Special Flood Hazard Area there
are approximately:
26 schools
14 fire/EMS stations
6 law enforcement stations
2 hospitals
Collier County Emergency Operations Center
. Basically amounts to raising 1 foot in elev.
. Potential CRS Credit: UD to 50 Doints
. DSAC and CCPC recommended approval.
7
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Protection of Floodplain
Storage Capacity
. The placement of fill, especially in areas
outside of planned developments with
designed stonnwater management systems,
reduces the volume of existing storage for
rainfall runoff.
. That can have substantial impacts to older
existing buildings and overland drainage
patterns as vacant land is filled.
. This regulation would require the provision of
compensating storage similar to what is
already required for some larger
developments.
Protection of Floodplain
Storage Capacity (cont.)
. A piecemeal, individual approach is not
generally recommended, but could be
utilized.
. Works like an impact fee to address each
property's individual impact to the
floodplain.
. Typical cost < $1000
. Potential CRS Credit: UP to 70 points
DSAC did not recommend approval.
CCPC recommended approval.
Protection of Floodplain Storage
Capacity (cont.)
. This is especially important in Golden
Gate Estates as it continues toward
build-out and existing floodplain
storage on vacant lots disappears.
. The Picayune Strand Restoration
Project (SGGE Restoration) has a
maximum allowable pumpage rate for
the proposed pump stations.
8
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Manufactured Home Parks
. Current regulations in Collier County allow
manufactured homes in existing
manufactured home parks to be installed at
elevations that may be below the base flood
elevation.
. This requirement would eliminate that
provision and would require all
manufactured homes to meet the base flood
elevations (plus freeboard).
Manufactured Home Parks
(cant.)
. There are approx. 50 existing mobile home
parks in Collier County that may be affected.
. Most elevation increases would be 1 to 2
feet, with only a few in the 3 to 4 foot range.
Typical cost to comply < $1000
Potential CRS Credit: UP to 50 points
DSAC and CCPC recommended approval.
Stormwater Management Facilities
Inspection and Maintenance
. There is a long history of lack of maintenance
of stormwater management facilities in Collier
County.
. Proper maintenance reduces the potential for
flooding and allows the designed stormwater
management systems to provide water quality
treatment.
These functions are joint objectives of the
National Flood Insurance Program and the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permitting program of EPA.
9
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Stormwater Management Facilities
Inspection and Maintenance
. Much of this effort could be included in the
County's PUD Monitoring Report.
. Non-PUD developments would have to take
on this added responsibility.
. Additional County staff would need to be
added to administer the program.
. The information collected would be utilized
toward existing NPDES compliance
requirements for mapping drainage systems.
Stormwater Management Facilities
Inspection and Maintenance (cont.)
. One of the greatest benefits is to ensure that
stormwater systems function as designed and
permitted.
Costs will vary greatly, depending upon the size,
complexity, age, condition, and availability of reliable
construction plans for each development. Assume
$3,000 and up for initial year, with reductions in later
years.
County program staffing costs are estimated at
approx. $330,000 annually.
Potential CRS Credit: UD to 110 Doints
DSAC and CCPC recommended approval.
Flood Hazard Disclosure
. This requirement will provide important
flood zone or historical flooding
information to potential buyers and renters
of real property before contracts are
signed.
. This eliminates the potential "surprise"
factor to the buyer when the lending
institution notifies them just before loan
closing that flood insurance is required.
10
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Flood Hazard Disclosure (cont.)
. The County Property Appraiser recorded
approx. 20,000 sales transactions in 2005.
. This applies to all sellers or landlords.
. The accuracy of the infonnation is the
responsibility of the seller or landlord.
. County staff is currently providing flood
zone infonnation to interested parties.
Flood Hazard Disclosure (cont.)
. For sales and rentals, uses a simple
disclosure form
;.-::.::~ --,....--...
.' ri_'___'_ -..-...--.-.....-.-....--.-
.._...__._.w____,.__._
~_.....- ..-.--.--.-
----'- -----~.._.-
==-.~~=-::;.~:.:...-"'"""';~~ ----...----.-.-
------..-......
-"'.-'-- - -."""- ---.--------
--.,..----.-. ---...----..---..
__H_~'._ _U.._ -.--.---..-----
..._...._~--,--
--""---- ==.-=.:::-=---==-:.::.."==
. _w.____.__. __,___
=-'="'...l:;........::~ .":<~ ~.~;;;:.:.-:t,:~ ---....-...---.-..-..-...
_"____,,,_ri__'.... ",...'"_ ---....---.-----
=-'::';:;:-::~''o:''..='''.::::'''...::t..:.''::''Q; -----.--.....-...-..--
-. ..---.--.-.--.-.--,,- ---.....-.-..---...-...--
-..' ~ .-.. - ..... ...-...--.. -- - ..- -----...----...,..-
- ..--,,-..,.--...--..-.,-
,,--..---......---.-....- .---..---.-
._~__'_~_'_. __ R___8." :::::::".:.::::::::r.:.-:-.::::"-.,::....--_...
"8. ........._..__.-_~
-, ----..-.....-............. --.--..----..-..-
~1k~~_~..b?.J:€:~~f.4::1: =.15:::.:-==-""':'..".:'==-.:--......
~":.:.:::.::.;:.::.::.:....::;:....:l:..::.':~'O:.::...~.. _________....0......
----~~ ==--=---::.-::....:=:;'-=-:.-=.':"~::=:=..
--...--....--------
--, ,- - _..._...'''-'''-'-~
-..,.....-.--------'- --.......--.-...
____.....-..__...........-,_..__..8
Flood Hazard Disclosure (cont.)
Includes showing the flood hazard areas on
final recorded subdivision plats and
individual lot surveys.
Includes real estate agents distributing a
brochure advising potential buyers to
investigate the flood hazard for a property.
. Supported by both the Naples Area Board of
Realtors and ti1eliilarco Island Association of
Realtors
. Potential CRS Credit: UP to 71 points
. DSAC and CCPC recommended approval.
11
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
t er Higher tan ar s:
Require Elevating Instead of
Floodproofing
. Applies to non-residential buildings within the
SFHA
. Would have listed exemptions (e.g. car wash
bays)
. Avoids flooded businesses from improperly
installed or defective equipment
. Eliminates annual employee training and trial
runs to install floodproofing equipment
. Potential CRS Credit: UP to 10 points
. DSAC and CCPC did not recommend approval.
In Summary
. Staff recommends approval of all the reauested
Hiaher Re3ulatorv criteria to not only provide a
more floo resistant community, but increase
the CRS credit score and advance the County
to the next CRS community class for a 20%
reduction in flood insurance premiums.
. Staff requests the Board of County
Commissioner's approval and support of the
requested Higher Regulatory criteria for
inclusion in the County's Flood Damage
Prevention Ordinance.
Recap of Higher Regulatory
Standards
.. Freeboard - UP to 100 points
.. Foundation Protection - UP to 20 points
.. Lower Substantial Improvements Threshold -1.!!..I!2!ill!>
.. Cumulative Substantial Improvements .- UP to 70 points
.. Protection of Critical Facilities - UP to 50 points
.. Protection of Floodplain Storage Capacity - UP to 70 points
.. Manufactured Home Parks - UP to 50 points
.. Stormwater Management Facilities Inspection and Maintenance
- UP to 110 Dolnts
.. Flood Hazard Disclosure - UP to 71 points
OHS - No Floodprooflng UP to 10 points
Total possible reauested points - 561 paints
. DsAC's recommendations - 311 points
:,;. cepe's recommendations 551 points
12
3-20-06 Higher Regulatory Standards
Workshop Discussion
Il&- .
(. [J fiI
, ED
- --.' ': , ," ~;,.
Discussion
and Questions?
13
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Consideration of policy options for property acquisitions under the Conservation Collier
Program that will work strategically with the Transfer of Development Rights (TDR)
Program and consideration of the Growth Management Plan policy that allows only
private entities to generate TDR Credits.
OBJECTIVE: To consider and discuss policy options for two issues concerning the
Conservation Collier Program and the TDR Program.
· Development of policy options for Conservation Collier acquisitions that will work
strategically with the Conservation Collier Program
· Consideration of Growth Management Plan (GMP) policy changes that would allow
properties owned by public entities to generate TDR Credits.
CONSIDERATIONS:
Policy options for Conservation Collier Program acquisitions
The Conservation Collier Program has identified broad Target Protection Areas that generally
satisfy the initial screening criteria and meet the goals of Conservation Collier. One of these
Target Protection Areas is land designated as "Sending Lands" in the Rural Fringe Mixed Use
District (RFMUD). At the same time that Conservation Collier's Target Protection Areas were
being developed, the TDR program was being implemented in the RFMUD. Under this program,
lands designated as "Sending Lands" were assigned development rights credits that could be
separated from the bundle of property rights associated with a property and sold. Once TDR
Credits are removed from a property, a permanent conservation easement is recorded for that
property.
During development of the Conservation Collier Program, concerns arose regarding how land
acquisition would impact the TDR Program. It was determined through the Conservation Collier
Ordinance (Ordinance No. 2002-63) that acquisition by Conservation Collier would permanently
extinguish all development rights except those strictly compatible with the purposes and goals of
Conservation Collier (Section 15.7). In functional terms, this meant that Conservation Collier
would not acquire TDR Credits or become a holder or seller of development rights.
At the regular meeting of the Collier County Board of County Commissioners on January 25,
2005, Commissioners had discussion regarding Conservation Collier buying lands with TDR
Credits attached and at that meeting instructed staff and the Committee to consider how to
remove TDR Credits before purchasing lands for conservation. The Commissioners, while not
making a formal motion and decision on how the program should deal with the TDR program,
gave clear direction that they want TDR Credits to be severed before a purchase and indicated
they would be willing to approve any formal changes to that effect.
The following concerns regarding development of a program policy concerning TDRs were
identified by the Conservation Collier Land Acquisition Committee (CCLAAC) at a March 2005
meeting:
1
1. Conservation Collier should avoid extinguishing TDR Credits, which could negatively affect
the overall supply of credits.
2. Removal of TDR Credits from potential acquisitions would save a substantial amount of
money.
3. Requiring removal of TDR Credits may discourage some smaller landowners from
participating if they see it as too complicated.
The CCLAAC again discussed this topic at its January 17, 2006 meeting, making several
recommendations which are provided below. Public comments included the suggestion that
owners should be required to remove the Base and Early Entry bonus TDR Credits (first and
second TDR Credits), but a policy is needed in regard to the Restoration and Management TDR
Credits and Conveyance TDR Credits (third and fourth TDR Credits).
Consideration of the current restriction on severance of TDR Credits from publicly owned
land
This issue arose in a November 29, 2005 Board of County Commissioners meeting during the
discussion of the purchase of the Section 24 School Board property. At that meeting, the BCC
discussed the possibility of allowing publicly owned land to generate TDR Credits.
The Growth Management Plan, Future Land Use Element (FLUE), Rural Fringe Mixed Use
District (RFMUD), Sending Lands, allows owners of private property in designated Sending
Lands to transfer density to Receiving Lands. No such allowance is made for publicly owned
land.
The primary purpose of the TDR process, as stated in the FLUE, is to:
"establish an equitable method of protecting and conserving the most significant areas of
habitat for listed species, while allowing property owners of such lands to recoup lost
value and development potential through an economically viable process of transferring
such rights to other more suitable lands."
There are several considerations involved in opening up the TDR program to publicly owned
land through a Comprehensive Plan Amendment process. These include market factors, density
issues and perception issues.
The County estimates that there are approximately 41,500 acres of Sending Land in total. Of
these, roughly half are privately held and roughly half are in the public domain. Of the privately
owned lands, between 18,000 and 20,000 acres would be eligible for Base TDR Credit
severance, after adjusting for existing development and existing conservation easements.
A new right to sever TDR Credits from all publicly held lands could potentially double the
supply of Base TDR Credits in the marketplace. The effect on total TDR Credits, including
Bonus TDR Credits, would depend on how those issues are addressed. A large increase in
available TDR Credits could reasonably be expected to result in a significant reduction in their
market price. As discussed by Dr. Nicholas, Collier County's TDR program consultant, during
consideration of the TDR Bonus amendments in 2004 and 2005, adding additional sending areas
2
"would address the need for an economically feasible price, but would be totally counter to the
desires of sending area property owners."
Overall achievable density in the RFMU Receiving Lands could be significantly increased by
extending TDR rights to publicly held lands. Based on the relative proportion of publicly held
lands to privately held lands, the impact to density in the RFMUD might be commensurate,
although limited by allowable density. Based on the potential TDR Credits associated with a
public lands program, the build-out population could be impacted by a like percentage, adjusting
for a cap in density in village and non-village scenarios. The associated impacts on public
facilities and infrastructure as well as the character of the Rural Fringe and County as a whole
should be considered.
Changes to the program will necessarily affect public perception. For example, during public
comment at various times during program adoption, fears were raised that the TDR program was
really a means for the government to "take" private lands. As a result, careful consideration was
given to ensure that the TDR program would be voluntary, available only to willing participants
in the private sector.
In addition, assurances were made by Commissioners during the 2005 RFMUD amendments that
the TDR program would not be altered again anytime soon. These assurances were appropriately
designed to allow the process to work without the chilling effect that would result from
anticipated further revisions to the program.
FISCAL IMPACT:
Policy options for Conservation Collier Program acquisitions
The most recent property offering with TDR Credits attached was a 5-acre parcel. A 2005
estimate for this parcel prepared by the County's Real Estate Services Department placed its
value at $81,000, prior to severance of TDR Credits. If TDR Credits are hypothetically worth
$32,000, severing the first of 2 TDR Credits on this 5 acre parcel would save the program
approximately 75% on the purchase price.
Consideration of TDR Credits and publicly owned land
The fiscal ramifications in extending TDR Credits to publicly owned lands are numerous but
difficult to quantify. On a micro-economic level, the effect of a significant increase in TDR
Credits in the marketplace will likely reduce their market price, in effect reducing the overall
value of privately held Sending Lands. The commensurate reduction in assessed value would
result in the collection of less overall property tax for these undeveloped parcels. Should this
presumed decrease in the value of Sending Lands property and TDR Credits result in inadequate
compensation to Owners of Sending Lands, it is presumed that Bert Harris Act or other "takings"
claims would be filed against the County. On a macro-economic level, the increase in available
TDRs in Receiving Lands will result in a greater overall density, resulting in a greater demand
for public infrastructure and services in those areas, with associated public cost.
GROWTH MANAGEMENT IMPACT:
Growth management impacts would likely be minimal for Conservation Collier acquisitions.
Three properties with TDR Credits attached have been offered as potential acquisitions. One
3
parcel was 20 acres, one 10 acres and the other 5 acres, with the combined potential to generate
28 TDR Credits (including the bonus program). The release of this many TDR Credits would
not have a significant effect on overall growth management issues in Collier County. None of
these parcels was recommended for the A-list and only one was recommended for the B-list by
the CCLAAC.
The allowance of TDR Credits from publicly held lands would require a Growth Management
Plan amendment (and subsequent Land Development Code amendments).
LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS:
Fashioning such an amendment would not be easy because of the requirement, as currently
applied to privately held land, that "TDR Credits shall not be generated from Sending Lands
where a conservation easement or other development restriction prohibits residential
development". There is a considerable legal hurdle in the evaluation of whether, in the absence
of a recorded conservation easement, County and State owned lands, held in various capacities
and for various purposes, allow residential development.
RECOMMENDATION:
Policy options for Conservation Collier Program acquisitions
Recommendations made by the Conservation Collier Land Acquisition Advisory Committee at
its January 17,2006 meeting are as follows:
I. Amend the Conservation Collier Ordinance (2002-63) to remove "Sending Lands" as a
Target Protection Area, instead waiting to see if those lands will be donated to a public
entity for preservation under the TDR bonus program. This is currently part of the draft
changes to Ordinance 2002-63 under review by the CCLAAC.
2. Staff should develop language changes to the Purchase Policy to require the removal of
the first 2 TDR Credits (base and early entry TDR Credits) from a parcel prior to
purchase and to have the appraisals reflect the property value without TDR Credits.
3. Changes can be developed to the scoring matrix to reflect TDR status, giving added
points to properties where they can be removed. This may provide incentive for owners
to remove as many TDR Credits as possible.
Consideration of TDR Credits and publicly owned land
For reasons cited within "Considerations," staff recommends no change in the Growth
Management Plan to allow TDR Credit severance from publicly owned Sending Lands.
Prepared by: Alexandra J. Sulecki, Sr. Environmental Specialist, Environmental Services Department; and
Kris Van Lengen, Senior Planner, Comprehensive Planning Department
4