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EPTAB Exotic Plant Sub Committee - Volume 1 57-ta--W l44.-es 09/24/96 10:38 FAX 941 i43 5130 FL WILDLIFE FED _ f101 TO: Kimberly Polen FROM: Nancy Anne Payton DATE: September 24, 1996 RE: Purchase &Improvement Dates The following information was orally given to be today by Lois Nichols of the Real Property Department. County Property Acquired First Improved Bayview 1981 No information Government Center 1961 1962 Veterans Community Park 1984 1986 North County Sewer 1976* 1976 Clam Pass 1986 1985** Lely 1988/89 No information *documents indicate that this property may have been a residence when purchased by the County **documents indicate that that was an agreement with owner for the County to do improvements before acquired 1 09/20/96 11:37 FAX 941 3 5130 FL WILDLIFE FED - 0101 TO: Kimberly Polen Natural Resources FROM: Nancy Payton EPTAB Exotic Plants Subcommittee DATE: September 20, 1996 RE: Purchase and Improvement Dates for Collier County Properties After the subcommittee meeting, I went to the Real Property Department with the list of county properties visited by EPTAB and staff. Lois Nichols,Real Property Specialist(774-8991),volunteered to locate the information for us. She was uncertain how long the task would take for the entire list because the information is not centrally filed. But she readily agreed to have the search completed on Veterans Community Park, Clam Pass Park, and North County Sewer Treatment Plant by next Friday, September 27. With time permitting,she would then work through the list starting from the top of the list. She will call me when the info is ready. I thought in a pinch several illustrations were better than nothing. I offered to do the research,but apparently to find the information would require staff time anyway. (I think she felt she could work faster alone than helping me...) NOTE: I think Brad, Chuck and I should acknowledge your efforts and also note those staff members who readily helped us by providing • information, attending meetings,meeting with us, and assisting with research. I will write this paragraph and list those folks I immediately recall.... NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee Members FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II -4r DATE: August 1, 1996 RE: Requests for a flowchart of the inspection process per- taining to triplexes and/or larger developments and a compliance "walk-thru" of a few completed projects' records. Clyde Fugate asked John DiMartino to contact me regarding the above referenced requests. John called me and I scheduled a 1 p.m. appointment on Tuesday, August 6th at the Development Services Building with him to conduct a compliance "walk-thru" . I also mentioned to him it would be nice if he could provide a written flowchart at the next Exotic Plant Subcommittee meeting which will be held on Monday, August 5, 1996. He indicated as a result of his current workload he would not have time to provide a written flowchart for the meeting. As an alternative, I will provide the Inspection Section with a draft flowchart for their review and comment and forward it to you by August 12th or sooner. Please call me if you are interested in attending a compliance "walk-thru" or have any comments regarding the requests for information. cc: Wayne Arnold, AICP, Planning Services Director Clyde Fugate, Engineering Supervisor John DiMartino, Environmental Specialist I William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant Subcommittee File _, 0 ______— - —t-it Z C t+ cn Th 94rri f - >t, G, :: I<6 t) u fl cd < A —< Th. ea 2 n'i 1 , ' i 71 16)- T (lq ti L 1 c-z % zi ' (i) ,I i. .z 14 -------, 4, P 6 ',) V , „ vi L , u, ) ,--4 cs a ‘ `-• c r,. • - 0 ® <1. �3 1 - , 1 e_ , (VC 0 c-C) 0 -b - (1) "--5.. 4') -7-7 , ' i & f'4' . () ) ?,:) I) .1) S 0 -711 V., ' 0 A ' m • it 7 - J 11Y�t�G1.1 1 VIV MCWUCO 1 r vnri ovt-L-r.rvuo%.nr a IMU 3 /ti JOB LOCATION- 1-NORTH NAF S PERMIT ,-960002487 SUBDIVISION-J & C INDUSTRIAL PARK MAIN PERMIT NO-960002487 JOB ADDRESS-2154 J & C BLVD. OWNER-LARRISON, TIM M/M JOB NAME- EST BLDG COST- $82.000 DWELLING UNITS DATE ISSUED-05/13/96 CONTRACTOR-R. L. SCHMECKPEPER. INC. DATE APPROVED-05/10/96 PHONE-941 643-:3004 NO-888006123 EXPIRATION DATE-11/13/96 SUBCONTRACTORS- R. L. SCHMECK:PEPER. INC. PROGRESS AVENUE ASSOC. . INC. BRIANT PLUMBING. INC. SECTION TOWNSHIP RANGE MAP/AREA S.D.G. RECEIPT- 11 49 25 WATER-COLLIER BLOCK: LOT/PARCEL UNIT TRACT SEWER-COLLIER :3 USE/OCC-S/WAREHOUSES FLOOD EL-X STRUCTURE-METAL BLDG - 200 AMPS BENCH MARK- LOCATION- CONTACT PERSON-BOB PHONE- 643-3004 ******************************************************************************* :OMMENTS- REQUESTED DATE-08/07/96 TIME-02:00 REQUESTED BY-1544/LG DATE INSPECTED- TIME INSPECTED- INITIALS-. ( ) ACCEPTED ( ) REJECTED ( ) FINAL INSPECTION COMMENTS 01 . 02. ******************************- ************************************************ ******** INSPECTION HISTORY ********* NSPEC INSPECTION-NOTE 960002487- 802 DATE TYPE 99 NOTICE OF COMMENCEMENT INSP-KERRIGAN. 05/21/96 PASS 251/OR 2182 PG 1765/ 05/21/96 100 FOOTINGS CANCEL/ 06/24/96 103 SLAB INSP-ATKINSON, 05/23/96 PASS 108 FRAMING INSP-FORT, DON 06/24/96 PASS 21/NO CHARGE BLDG LOCKED/ 06/20/96 FAIL 113 FINISHED FLOOR ELEVATION 115 FINAL BUILDING INSP-FORT, DON 08/06/96 PASS 122 10 DAY SPOT SURVEY INSP-ROSEMARY 0 06/19/96 PASS 200 PLUMBING ROUGH INSP-KERRIGAN, 05/21/96 PASS 201 PLUMBING TUB SET INSP-NEVINS, HA 06/10/96 PASS 203 SEWER TAP INSP-NEVINS, HA 06/10/96 PASS 204 FINAL PLUMBING INSP-NEVINS, HA $16.00 07/24/96 PASS 191/ LOCKED/3:40/ 16.00 07/22/96 FAIL 501 ELECTRICAL ROUGH 24/PARTIAL - RESTROOMS/ 06/18/96 502 FINAL ELECTRICAL INSP-SUTTLEMYRE 07/22/96 PASS 24/ 1 METER/ 07/22/96 800 ROW/ENGINEERING INSP-ROLL, DICK 08/06/96 PASS 801 SITE DRAINAGE INSP-ROLL, DICK 08/06/96 PASS PAGE 01 airr-c%.t aver %..W141 •141.11 / tNSPEC INSPECTION-NOTE - 960002487- 802 . DATE TYPE 802 LANDSCAPINGI 593/ COURTESY/PROTECTION REG►' D @ L ' SCAPE ISLANDS+ 07/31/96 DUMPSTER SCREEN PER PLAN 07/31/96 593/ COURTESY ONLY - NOT READY 08/06/96 803 PARKING 10/ OK PER LETTER ON DUMPSTER ENCLOSURE 08/06/96 810 EXOTIC VEG REMOVAL, INSP-DIMARTINO, 08/06/96 PASS PAGE 02 CODE ENFORCEMENT MEMORANDUM DATE: November 16 , 1995 TO: Clyde Fugate Engineering Inspections Supervisor FROM: John DiMartino Environmental Inspector SUBJECT: Pine Air Lakes, Lakes #2 Staff inspection of the above reference site reveals the following deficiencies : 1 . Lake banks require restoration and stabilization. 2 . Chara (grey-green algae) has become established to an undesirable degree and requires one treatment of Cutrine Plus or other selective equivalent for suppression. 3 . Subsequent to (2) above, in accordance with manufacturer' s recommendations, the littoral zones shall be installed. 4 . Cover and secure all control structures . 5 . Fill to grade east of lake maintenance easement not in place . 6 . Type "D" landscape buffer required to be installed at Airport Road R.O.W. JDM/jp #10580 COMPLIANCE SERVICES MEMORANDUM DATE: April 4, 1995 TO: Clyde Fugate, Engineering Inspection Supervisor FROM: John Di Martino, Code Enforcement SUBJECT: Final Subdivision Inspection of Parkway Plaza Final inspection of Parkway Plaza reveals the following deficiencies : 1) Brazilian pepper1debris (pallets) and (2) dead sabaj palms to be removed from natural area to rear (north) of Burger King site . 2) Five (5) canopy trees missing in easterly perimeter buffer (maximum 50 on center) . 3) Northerly perimeter buffer requires augmentation to eliminate gaps - wax myrtle hedge, also (1) mahogany to install . 4) One (1) mahogany missing east of northerly entry, west of detention area. 5) One (1) live oak missing west of northerly entry, east of K-Mart . 6) One (1) mahogany missing at landscape island northwest of K-Mart . 7) Pallets and associated debris in detention area west of K-Mart . 8) Replace one (1) slash pine at green space/bench area. 9) Brazilian pepper and debris on berm west of K-Mart to be removed. 10) Restore wax myrtles in rear of residence west of dumpster area. 11) Repair dumpster enclosure. 12) Replace one (1) mahogany south of dumpster pad. 13) Replace two (2) mahoganies in perimeter buffer west of Food Lion. 14) Exotics to remove and treat, same area as above . 15) Replace two (2) live oaks northeasterly of berm, south of Food Lion. 16) Control structure at northerly boundary has had iron grates removed, re-install and secure to eliminate this hazard. JM/j mh PRELIMINARy ACCEPTANCE SUBDIVISION IMPROVEMENT Project 4 '�).i ASJ piLl I. General 1. special conditions on ap ro 2. p val 3 . Improvements limited to thoseletter General shown on 4 . / al cleanup of site Plan -� As-built data 4 by project e ainelred5. by ULDC Com Plete and cert . • lfled II. Roads/Drainage 1. Pavement, curb and gutter width, type 2 . — Density report, also confirm pavement, base, subbase thickness 3 . Curbing at intersections/handicapped ramps 4 . ja A. Main entrance turn lanes, accel/decel lanes, signing, striping 5. / Pipes, gutter, structures clean of debris, in working condition 6. Structures, pipes in correct location, type and size meets plans. Rings removed, grates set. 7 . Elevation of invert and grate on structures 8 . V Centerline elevation, line and grade on gutter (±. 1 ft. tolerance) 9 . Control structure dimension and elevation , baffle on outfall 10. - Pipe endwall/mitered end. Rip-rap location. 11. -/ Sidewalk and cross-walks location, dimension, surface, no broken sections 12 . -" Traffic sign and striping location, barricades, reflectors at curves and fire hydrants 13 . Street name sign location 14 . Street lighting, internal and external, when required 15. MAI Traffic protection - guardrails, retaining wall location 16. Seeding/mulching of right-of-way areas 17. / Swale flowline sodded, slopes seeded/mulched 18 . V Swale location, height, width, elevations, slope per plan (±. 1 ft. tolerance) 19. / Outfall drainage-way location, slope, elevation 20. 7 Right-of-way cross-section consistent with plan. No improvements such as berms, landscape, etc. within right-of-way unless it is shown on cross-section or separate landscaping plan(s) . 21. ./ Erosion protection of stockpiles areas, disturbed areas 22 . Permanent reference monuments; permanent control points prior to final acceptance 23 . _" Pre-existing improvements removed (as indicated on plans) 24 . 7\14 Off-site road improvements - turn lanes, striping, signals, signage and the like 25. Completion and restoration of other public utilities facilities (FPL, UTS, cable) 26. III. Stormwater Management 1. AA Lake excavation complete and as-builts accepted. Slopes as per approved plan and stabilized 2 . n//LN Rip-rap/retaining walls on lake limited to length as shown on plan 3 . 14 Littoral areas planted, length and width of littoral area on lake as shown on plan 4 . IW4 Fencing of lake 5 . LaCC 7 Perimeter berm elevation, location, slopes 6. `vOr Dry detention area location, size, slopes, elevation, seeded/mulched or sod, as per plan 7 . YES; Site/lot grading. May be part of individual lot construction 8 . YC5 SFWMD sign-off 9 . 'Ufa Off-site improvements for swales, piping, -discharges, conveyance facilities and the like 10. �f JJ� V. Environmental 1. Protective barriers around preserve/conservation areas, protected vegetation. No encroachments. 2 . Jjf/ Vegetation relocation areas and restored areas protected, plant survivability 3 . V Exotics removed from preserves, open space, right-of-way, water management areas, buffers, etc. 4 . ✓ Exotic plant removal maintenance plan 5. / Clearing and tree removal plan adhered to 6. t\j/iV Compliance with specific provisions and management guidelines for protected species - gopher tortoises, eagles, red cockaded woodpeckers, 7 . tJ/P}- Littoral zone plantings - number, density, diversity, location, slopes, stabilization 8 . 0 /A7- On-site mitigation area as per plan 9 . -OL Free standing permit (special treatment, etc. ) conditions adhered to 10. TEL : Jul 29 96 16 :31 No .022 P .01 NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT r{4 MEMORANDUM . .,• • To: Wayne Arnold, AICP, Planning Services Director Bob Mulhere, AICP, Current Planning Manager Nancy Siemion, Landscape Architect Linda Sullivan, Code Enforcement Director Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II Bruce MCNaIl, MLA, Stormwater Mgmt. Coordinator FROM: Kimberly J. Palen, Environmental Specialist Iia DATE: July 25, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee For your information, the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting will be held on Monday, August 5, 1996 at 4:00 p.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Human Services Building located at 3301 E. Tamiami Trail. cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File 2)74,8 2 (en& F-646 1-0, •174f*-- zezz ajafovtua* vmat, f-m7- SIO - 4�i s ►�R P1-y IM, n - earkf2, TH60(ktd, UrG rblice) l'AL 01A, "f"17t-C IMAnAlk OP* L41/4C 6121-A Tkami66 , (1,6 • 46/vtr C- 63 NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Wayne Arnold, AICP, Planning Services Director Bob Mulhere, AICP, Current Planning Manager Nancy Siemion, Landscape Architect Linda Sullivan, Code Enforcement Director Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II Bruce McNall, MLA, Stormwater Mgmt. Coordinator FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II , DATE: July 25, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee For your information, the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting will be held on Monday, August 5, 1996 at 4: 00 p.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Human Services Building located at 3301 E. Tamiami Trail. cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Wayne Arnold, AICP, Planning Services Director Bob Mulhere, AICP, Current Planning Manager Nancy Siemion, Landscape Architect Linda Sullivan, Code Enforcement Director Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II Bruce McNall, MLA, Stormwater Mgmt. Coordinator FROM: , Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II DATE: July 16, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee For your information, the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting will be held on Wednesday, July 24, 1996 at 4: 00 p.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Human Services Building located at 3301 E. Tamiami Trail. cc: William D. Lorenz , Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File le/6- y auN6/ ' ?IvvPe-04t-CitS' A ( MI /2O 13R'1- — aii-e-cecisr Fog_ si A)CLCP771 Arty rt) M IA-77 - eoc-Itl. ( j-1jC 57 "Z--e- of / 717r7I CO NIT) Mk) aub37) 0 ALC 7?) 317 izt.ey-p-vc ke-rocur•c-a v„ Ftakcy-i--(40 CO_s- 4- 430(.2as gEtz-A-s6D, r.w(NcIpt?, i>0 ikoAA c n to fol\v`4100A s+ck-±u-s •-t-k4 (iCocie ce,rn e t r-eri bt M — Ti`AC- ( t tvk 1 7-ern grg,C eie Fo/2 e`,•c•or?c- N6-1k-tovrn_. /2 eA,T-7 F7 62) TD nice04.4)€--- nevn •• on•tCYR-Wis_65- 7)/1E-F(Olv VL,41 577Qerc# 5$7-S lf-S5o0 At-75lb iv/ car-7 c konovirt7. (99f)e-Als/ vit1EA1 0E5 REm O LI wci' S Cr 6X C17 C- KewtotAkc gE-ax-lige-1^-1 DNA:5 /c- e /11 coo/IL 57).evcr ee VPrC/?iAftoPetiy — CI( SOT- C/1-72-0 ) ot-myQ-r- -3)oci.me-i\A:s- Nex-r crr24 - 'II" - BRAZILIAN PEPPER (Schinus terebinthifolius) Ewel, J.et.al. Schinus in Successional Ecosystems of Everglades National Park. Homestead, Fl: NPS, SFRC, ENP, 1982 , 141pp. T-676. Gunderson, Lance H. , 1983 . Status of Exotic Woody Species in Big Cypress National Preserve, Homestead, FL: National Park Service South FLorida Research Center, Everglades National Park, 1983 22pp. SFRC-83/07 . Johnson, Jill. 1982. A Bibliography of Schinus, Melaleuca & Casuarina Exotic Genera in Souht Florida. Homestead, FL: NPS, SFRC, ENP, 32pp. T-682 . Kaistha, Krishan Kumar. 1962 . A Phttochemical Investigation of the fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius (Radd. ) Thesis Archives Larouche, F.B. and D.D. Thayer. 1992 . Abstracts of the Aquatic Plant Management Society 32nd Annual Meeting and International Symposium Biology and Management of Aquatic Plants, July 12-16, 1992, Daytona Beach, FL, PP. 52-53 . Loope, Llyd L. and V.L. Dunvitz. 1981. Impact of fire exclusion & invasion of Schinus terebinthifolius on limestone rockland pineforests of SE FL. , Homestead, FL: NPS SFRC ENP, p. 30 Morton, J.F. , 1978 . Brazilian Pepper - It's Impact on People, Animals and the Environment. Econ. Bot. 32 (4) : 353 - 359. MELALEUCA (Meleuca spp. ) Carter, F.L. & Huffman, J.B. 1982 . Termite Responses to Wood and Extracts of Melaleuca. Wood Sci. 14 (3) : 127-133. Conover, C.A. & R.T. Poole. 1983 . Utilization of Melaleuca Quinquenervia as a Potting Medium Component for Greenhouse Production of Foliage Plants. Hortsci. 18 (6) :886-888. Diamond, C. , Davis, D. & D.C. Schmitz. 1991. In: Proceedings of the Symposium of Exotic Pest Plants, Technical Report NPS/NREVER?RETR-91/06, November 2-4, 1988, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmosphere Science, pp. 87-110. Geary, T.F. , Saucier, J.R. , Purdy, K.R. & J.A. Knight. 1981. Melaleuca as a source of Boiler Fuel and Activated Carbon. Agric. & Consumer Serv. , Div. of Forestry, Tallahassee, FL, pp. 69-78 . / 0 77 0-- VeRV/ en/ (e 1--1'/C 65. F, 0 CZA1/4c--/mac- f3OC $ ?/''c c 7z> 14,74-1/A/6" CZ- 0C , 1 --cDIV ON 4 /9a2 9 /°_) . '/IrlGi C_ /c c 777E7 077 C' c' //V Pence Rv t• /f-6 /Ci2 6s 1 t lid q „1"-/LC-/'Ea-T1221 1221 �•�Is ' u, 4- 004,66x //v yo v 673 Eyv V/i a n44/E 1172 i'S 7 - C Nsf. c 70"/ L. 7 COM f' 4. 7? 7"/e/A17 01.'7-- .S/ x --/" PT? (/V S VA,. 77 �/� 7S cTome , ) Soft MAA..H ERE RS P�rieT � fJ /e 0 (41 L .�T r1 s ^' W,v 1; res �%� mg Sy ag Cy l !)E 61\1 co Rita 5 Wiv148, I C e-Ni Ce,y. /tam s/ '71,e, 011,^ 7 .€ 7?1,1C M00‘9" c SON /iv GQ Al CLe �,..h 7TH c.k% G CrcS`r �t"� c� 0 ( _TAAI ? 620/x ` // A1i/ 0,A4t, 7 EN / sS PueCt C OcOm cri4g-a-e OF S ""r 1 ON Yi 7 i/9Z-- fis ,LA L7 S( 6/11 T7 Geiger, R.K. 1981. Proceedings of Melaleuca Symposium, Sept. 23-24 , 1980. Florida Department Agric. and Consumer Serv. , Div. of Forestry, Tallahssee, 140pp. Huffman, J.B. 1977 . Florida's melaleuca a utilization status report & problem analysis. Gainesville, FL: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 1977 . 19pp. Huffman, J.B. 1981. In: Proc. Melaleuca Symp. , 23 - 24 September 1980, FL Dept. Agric. and Consumer Serv. , Div. of Forestry, Tallahassee, pp. 37-68. Jagels, R. 1989 . Correspondence from Down Under. Woodenboat 91: 118-119 . Morton, J.F. 1965. The Cajeput Treee - A Boon and an Affliction. 6th Annual Meeting Soc. Econ. Bot. , 15 June 1965, Kingston, Rhode Island, 9 pp. Myers, R.L. & H.A. Belles. 1995. Studies to develop Melaleuca control tactics using fire & herbicides. Tallahassee, FL: Nongame Wildlife Program, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, 1995. 121pp. Plunkett, C. 1994. Jacksonville manages the Melaleuca Menace. Engineer Update 18 (4) : 5. Sedlik, B.R. . 1976. A computer simulation of the spread of the exotic tree species. Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cay. ) Blake, in South America. 1976 University of Florida Thesis. Thayer, D. & F. Laroche. 1992 . The Invaswion of South Florida by Melaleuca Quinquenervia (CAV. ) Blake. Abstracts of the Aquatic Plant Management Society 32nd Annual Meeting and International Symposium Biology and Managment of Aquatic Plants, July 12-16, 1992 , Daytona Beach, FL, p. 32 . Woodall, S.L. 1984 . Rainfall interception losses from Melaleuca forest in Florida. Asheville NC: U. S. Department of Agric. FS, SE Forest Experiment Station, 1984 . 12p. AUSTRALIAN PINE (Casuarina spp. ) JUL-22-96 MON 01 :59 PM REALTY CONCEPTS._ 813+592 0300 P. 01 CHARLES F. & SARA RAY 8.5 RIDGE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 34108 July 21, 1996 (941) 597-3298 Memo TO: Bill Lorenz Kimberley Polen Nancy Payton Bradley Cornell Georgina; for distribution to above From: Chuck Ray RE: Exotics After the last subcommittee meeting with the planners and engineers at Horseshoe Drive, I have the feeling th4t we are putting too much emphasis on PUDs, commercial proje ts, new subdivisions and the like. Clearly there are shortcomings in annual reporting and foll- owup thereof, and no doubt some other problems. Hotl'ever there seems to be a number of fairly simple ways tolincrease effectiveness of existing measures for PUDs, etc. I think we are overlooking the major populations which occur in rights of way and other public domain, in older sibdivi- sions and agricultural areas. Not to mention Big Cypress and Everglades Natl Park. We have a great deal of information. The subcommittee badly needs work time in order to assemble and critique informa- tion on hand and organization thereof. I propose the fol- lowing agenda: 1 . Summary of Horseshoe meeting Bradley Cornell Kimberley Chuck Ray 2. New information Bradley Nancy Payton Kimberley Chuck 3. Public comments 4. Outline critique by section Organizati • • 'sting information By ubcommit -e members) * . • gra# . y .�✓ - 0. • Z-.7 sr ^/c CRo itoilbtAMYs c% -Ls s e = .A/0 / oe /51 6-7-7 C 7v 772/7-zrvy 0f — f/.g;, .*'Eyti /cc-St' A/S/ iL/7 ® /'2°P c-47 z i-CCLOS �- C8 M'vV CQN.s-r' v C77©ni 7 -7y7 4 „e), o c, S c/st..-/ /s ; /vo oc ur-i © Ai,, CL y./_ S/ 1,5 Dwn1 )Q C C/Ck—C7- 94 ,&i i1-L ,&jo E ' /T -1)L cz-°0 c)4 (con, C Tz,4 ) Y //14fie 0 vE-))/G- -S r �L 8 L/-(\/K..) 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T cS y.-S7ey 'LS' 6->' 1/ 'LE' d F M - �IOf' a Fad /AA-c) f 1a-o ti! c")%z)✓/`z_0QO^'I CR ° VoLcvrl/ - l SM r-bit - u^/I X M o ,5714- -- 7-? oniS c /of, T7e/t?L ;v ,�C /jvS/Ez ?eve CG/-/'cam v®,e,61 lc - 7 0 vc't9 :2)/ 77o vrt_ (C'0 14y Ge-dw-C/ 7 FSA/N z i EyV Fot-,IS /a L Y f/ I Vft-/ "/"9 -1 411 57-7'`i 1�1 NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Wayne Arnold, AICP, Planning Services Director Clyde Fugate, Engineering Supervisor Bob Mulhere, AICP, Current Planning Manager Nancy Siemion, Landscape Architect Linda Sullivan, Code Enforcement Director Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II Shirley Ray, Code Compliance Investigator Bruce McNall, MLA, Stormwater Mgmt. Coordinator FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II% DATE: July 10, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee • For your information, the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting will be held on Monday, July 15, 1996 at 4:00 p.m. , in Conference Room C in the Development Services Building located at 2800 N. Horseshoe Drive. cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File COLLIER COUNTY NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMLN I , \t , \ 1 \ . \. . .,. .... . i , .\ :,, a r ( -"irlir‘dir; L \) 's \ ( ff (..- 1 1 f. ) s '.•-ii-00.- ?kali Irl*41‘:;- it el,.. I NI v 1' 1/2 1, .° -40e k I ft ct,..,1,,e. -- � .� /1 it - -"-' it ��w.i �/ MI �� ,xte! ep�®moi �� i.11 z. ,-.ppi !. . . . , % 1,2 t''. ;'-. � jl;1`,ior;� r �'y`;:[y'.,;�_ ice� kin-.� r� k'�1E-1:41/.2-1 ..i%= l�7!' ` i; FACSIMILE TO: ,'/`1 cry1 glie©W1 A LOCATION: �/// S.W 'f- �� Q R)R / l L/47,L/47, c_ 4,,,Vvrs-- FAX NUMBER•(352)x?(12-31---ca DATE: TZ(-,>, � /Y7� NUMBER OF PAGES:3 /COMMENTS: 7— i-3-A4c yo J Fo 277' (5-C 1-1/N ass /9�n-.� , t/nLl zf 7°N C5-011Q-Cd. if° e/ c6 S-0141) 7/tc 714✓0 P03 LiCr70'J S' 0f /at I E Ci/2CL.E 0 N 7 /=Ocr—o wi V /4/1-( FROM: 77/79-4/K 74 l O L/ F-0/0 ./ > O //55/.-5'7-77-ivcE Kim c --K. — PL'E 000.S if y 6 1-1-71 VE fy'i Q 7©ALS /01 -.m S6-- C41'2 /tel , TELEPHONE: (941) 732-2505 FAX: (941 ) 774-9222 Collier County Natural Resources Department, Building Ii 3301 East Tamimai Trail Naples, Florida 33962 COLLIER COUNTY NATURAL RESOURCES DEPART MtN I 01 . \ , \ . • , , .\ . .. . .„) , ( „ vivo, , ( f17( . / , , __„.14,0„.,.. \ 1 . ...,:<,,2.; ) ,. ‘ \ . . %_.,i,tootitior:_,-;, ii 1 ‘ _.(,,, , , ) - _? 0.41107. -- 04 ) , givykii-, t \ :lot 1 / .... siA % ,...„ . ,.... ii , vim /L 1 ‘ - zt, 7 z it ., t_s_peLk4%;--- ick f ft i it/ .-44-10*.tj ( ' t� , , , ;,. w,2 r* -1--ry=4s;x7,4',N f.:11../4 '..04:4kaF 1,,. .ay..-Nrg*--./t/i,-,,) . ...,,... -7.,-..,-: fe) F-- \itt . --;.dr, .1e.....-erovirt 06--,:rinkrir5:14.0;t:‘, tc- .„ ....., ti OM VIDw r • , ,. I,I ip.v Auk 1 " ..1 A '4 ga4.411,411111101% tti'ietbd:i. 0,12_,Nviti,i _ 16 FACSIMILE TO: EJ l f/ o LOCATION:�/f//--��V/'L.L.E, F2— C_ Ey'vr2-E Pft ##.9-4( MT? fe...-/97VrS- FAX NUM(ER: j 3 9::2---- 3 /-6,. /%NUMDATE.,) 1 i_y c97-7f:, / 776--- NUMBER BER OF PAGES:2 COMMENTS: €N., V 'Dam A-f;1 Can I S�.{- 7 ,,o, 77f'� /0 f 43c:.,c c a, /I'RAi v CD /N - M/7/4_, / 6 S`67vd) 0C--(4^4•C - = 21 1)f-'o c..,--&--b,/vvt'-f' a F M E L-rz_ct/ ff S'm'f 4 oS/I j 3-61'77 23 -x, /98® / Y0 Li. 65-6-- --- FROM: K/"1&fi—Yft7Z- "-Th( ) /97-7?90/7"167) TELEPHONE: (941) 732-2505 FAX: (941 ) 774-9222 Collier County Natural Resources Department, Building ti 3301 East Tamimai Trail Naples, Florida 33962 COLLIER COUNTY NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMtN 1 \%6 . \/ 1 \ ' x / , ( . i / ! i tioHillinor74::-- 14, ( _\ 1 - - ) I --",4441;,-Arso",:-, -2, r /,. i ( I 1 ‘ 1 //) I S ..(4,1-/ 44"1"‘11&::-\A t1)714 4 ' 'iMileli \ 1,1 ?7litl• / / IZiflii .4.4. )% 1 11 A / 74)114 (114, \ _-- \ ; AI e1.1.k..4):.N.40-.01 f.:6 :01vvit ;. ..t.z_is-==•_&-,,,, .t".7,,) ;,...c.-.4's- 0 4 F: \et ii -'04 V:40,1014.5 ocAveriA, ‘re,), A' yl.:- FACSIMILE TO: i ',4i7e1,\/ 8RotvN LOCATION: S i /tE / L /7 FAX NUMBER: (3 52)3 7 3 2 ,\G'(\ 80 DATE: ' 2 5771' 7 �' C1 \v v NUMBER OF PAGES: / COMMENTS: K/MI C1 fW1.--51 7 6 L 1°) o C( E'er 77-171 WG L U K 7-t' I > Ce-)/a/e- OF�02 Loc/ . c 5- 7t]8 y L-Y 8 OR Sc,c;`,V . PL-E-'/I-S •-� ' 7 T77 / Com- /1"76- n7- (7 /) 732 25c5 FROM: d/Q� TELEPHONE: (813) 732-2505 yo tj f R ye/ fl/' C_- 'e01 /1-7 V All. Al Ale FiCV FAX: (813) 774-9222 fO C' Collier County Natural Resources Department, Building Ii 3301 East Tamimai Trail Naples, Florida 33962 NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Bob Mulhere, AICP, Current Planning Manager Norma Boone, Current Planning Technician FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist DATE: May 24, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee For your information, I have attached a copy of the public notice regarding the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting. cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Linda Sullivan, Code Enforcement Director FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II , JI DATE: May 24, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee For your information, I have attached a copy of the public notice regarding the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting. I've also sent copies of the handouts distributed during the May 22nd meeting to Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II. Please try to have a representative present during the next meeting. Thank you for your assistance and cooperation. cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II , 'n DATE: May 24, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee For your information, I have attached a copy of the public notice regarding the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting. I've also attached copies of the handouts distributed during the May 22nd meeting. cc: EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Robert J. Mulhere, AICP, Manager K.J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II, Natural Resources FROM: Norma A. Boone, Planning Technician-VJ ' DATE: May 22 , 1996 RE: Exotics The following paragraph will be added to the first request letter for PUD monitoring: If your PUD is in the development stages, you, the developer, are obligated to remove all exotics and to establish a program for maintaining the area exotic-free. The PUD Monitoring Form now includes a paragraph covering these issues, please be sure to complete this part of the form. Part IV of the PUD Monitoring Form will have the following added: D. Exotic vegetation removal E. Establish a program to maintain PUD exotics-free. cc: Marie Dvorak, Clerical Supervisor Ft-Cc:WED MAY 2 3 1996 NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Robert J. Muihere, AICP, Manager �� FROM: Norma A. Boone, Planning Techniciant R, DATE: May 17, 1996 RE: Exotics on PUD's I received a phone call today from Kim Polen, and in the course of discussion the issue of "Exotics" came up. Kim asked whether a line could be added to the PUD Monitoring Report asking whether the property is exotic-free. I told her we'd have to inquire of you if this might be a good idea. cc: K. Polen, Natural Resources 1 Jan, - F.Y.I. According to most references, the following listed species are considered to be native or naturalized: Phragmitis australis common reed Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cattail T. latifolia common cattail T. domingensis southern cattail Ceratophyllum demersum hornwort C. echinatum hornwort Alternanthera philoxeroides alligator-weed Lemna aequinoctialis duckweed L. obscura duckweed L. valdivianan duckweed BIG CYPRESS BASIN EXOTIC VEGETATION & CHEMICAL INVENTORY Aquatic Vegetation Encountered Chemical Control Hydrilla Sonar Phragmitis Rodeo Cattail Rodeo Water Lettuce Diquat Chara Hydrothol 191 Coontail Diquat Water Hyacinth 2-4 D Alligator Weed Rodeo Torpedo Grass Rodeo Duckweed Diquat Bladderwort Sonar Terrestrial Vegetation Encountered Chemical Control Australian Pine Cut and Paint with Velpar Melaleuca Cut and Paint with Velpar Earleaf Acacia Garlon 3A, 2-4 D Cogan Grass Arsenal Brazilian Pepper Garlon 3A, 2-4 D Note: This table was created with the assistance of Jan Fry, Aquatic Spray Technician TA „ COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 33942 May 8, 1996 (941) 643-8400 CERTIFIED BLUE CHIP CO\l\lU\ITT Doug Swank SFWMD - Big Cypress Basin 6167 Janes Lane _ Naples, FL 33942 RE: Exotic Plant Inventory of SFWMD - Big Cypress Basin Lands Dear Mr. Swank: As per our telephone communications today, please provide a brief overview of the above referenced item and include any active exotic plant removal management. This information will be distributed to and utilized by the Environmental Policy and Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) . EPTAB consists of 11 volunteers appointed by the Board of County Commissioners to advise them on environmental policies and recommendations. Please forward the information (original) to the above address so that I would receive it by Monday, May 20th or deliver the information (four copies) to EPTAB on Wednesday, May 22nd at 9: 00 a.m. If you have any further questions relating to my request please do not hesitate to call me at 731-2505. Thank you for your cooperation and timely assistance. Sincerely, --. , 1 <K) Kimberly J."6olen Environmental Specialist II cc: EPTAB Exotic Plant subcommittee File RECEIVED EXOTICS APR 1 7 1998 NATURAL RESOURCES Name : Mike Kirby DEPARTMENT Title : Environmental Compliance Investigator Code Enforcement At Development Services we control exotics using 3 ordinances 1 . LDC 91-102 Sec . 3 . 9 . 6 . 6 . 3 1 . From ROWs, common areas and easements prior to preliminary acceptance 2 . From within any phase of a SDP prior to a C.O. 3 . Single family lots permitted after November 13 , 1991 2 . PUD Ordinances 1 . Since 1982 an exotic removal requirement was attached to almost all PUD' s I.E.-3 . Litter, Weeds and Exotic Ordinance 91-47 1 . Requires removal on vacant lots in subdivisions within 200' of improved properties 2 . Requires removal on vacant lots 20' from ROW 3 . Requires removal on vacant lots within 500' from improved property and has aided in a criminal act Amended Litter Weed and Exotic Ordinance to include : 1 . Exotics located on ROW' s and all easements on improved property within subdivisions Actual Process Engineering Inspections I . Subdivisions - All exotics within a newly constructed subdivision are required to be removed before acceptance of the subdivision. A bond is posted and accepted by Collier County Engineering Inspections . Inspections are performed to accept the subdivision improvements . Exotics to be removed before any C.O. ' s in all ROW' s, preserves, and Water Management areas . II . SDP' s - An exotic removal inspection is required before any C.O. ' s are issued. III .Single Family Lots - Actual exotic removal inspection on the inspection ticket . Hold C.O. ' s until in compliance . John DiMartino and Engineering Inspectors do this . Code Enforcement I . Subdivisions and PUD' s for which preliminary and final acceptance has been granted - Code Enforcement performs the compliance . Currently only on a complaint basis . Too busy to be on a programmatic approach. Planning Services monitoring program sends over complaints Via the PUD monitoring program. Send a NOV and allow one year for removal . low cost - 30 days for removal . II . Litter, Weed and Exotic Ordinance Systematic letter notification process 21 days County bid out process (in house) Bill the owner/lien the property Recommendation - Programmatic approach is best, staff of one not adequate for this approach 1 To: -&etel& ^� _ Book 98 • Page From: City Clerk FOR YOUR INFORMATION Agenda Item 10 8/2/95 ORDINANCE 95-7488 - AN ORDINANCE AMENDING SUBSECTION (c) OF SECTION 1D6-235. OF THE COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT CODE BY AD1NG THREE SPZCIES OF NOXIOUS PLANT'S, ADDRESSING REMOVAL OF NOXIOUS PLANTS, AND CORRECTING EXISTING ERRORS IN SPECIES NAME DESIGNATIONS; PROVIDING A SEVERABILITY CLAUSE, A REPEALER PROVISION AND AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, Policy 2-5 of the Comprehensive Plan of the City of Naples addresses removal of noxious exotic plant species as properties develop and redevelop; and WHEREAS, • the existing wording of Section 106-235 of the Comprehensive Development Code does not adequately address the goal, objectives, and policies of the Comprehensive Plan; and WHEREAS, it is the desire of the City Council to bring the Comprehensive Development Code into compliance with the Comprehensive Plan, by amending Subsection (c) of Section 106-235 by adding three species of noxious plants, addressing removal of noxious plants, and correcting existing errors; NOW THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF NAPLES, FLORIDA: Section 1. That Subsection (c) of Section 106-235 of the Comprehensive Development Code of the City of Naples is amended to read as follows: Sec. 106-235. Food waste, trash, weeds and noxious plants and maintenance of the right-of-way. (c) Control of specific noxious plants. The city council has found growth of certain noxious plants to be a particular nuisance because P they are invasive exotic plants which pose a risk to human health, safety and welfare. Therefore, on unimproved and improved lots in all zone districts, growth of Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) , Australian pines (Casuarina spp. ) , Downy rose-myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosus) , Bischofia (Bischofia javanica) , Melaleuca (Melaleuca quinquenervia) , Earleaf acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) , Carrotwood (Cupaniopsis anacardioides) , and Java plum (Syzygium cumini) vegetation which overhangs or grows across the property line .:.:: .:........_,__:-:....-:.:__..-.:--;.:-,:...•,,.,.:•.•.....:.......:,,,.. they shall be trimmed or removed by the owner. At the time of development of vacant land, - or redevelopment of developed land, all specimens of the above-referenced noxious plants shall be removed from the site. All specimens of the above-referenced noxious plants shall be removed from vacant properties within platted, developed subdivisions (frequently referred to as infill lots) , including areas zoned PD, within five years of the date of adoption of this Ordinance. Regrowth shall be prevented through the proper use of approved herbicides or removal of trunks and roots. If, after the five year time period has elapsed, a property owner has not complied with this Ordinance, the City shall have the right to remove the noxious plants, using either City staff or outside contractors, and place a lien on the property to recover the cost of said noxious plant removal. As an alternative, the party responsible for the property may implement a City-approved noxious plant removal plan, to accomplish an orderly and cost-effective compliance with this Ordinance. Sale or planting of seeds, • seedlings, juvenile, or adult specimens of the above-referenced noxious plants is prohibited; this prohibition shall take effect six months after the date of adoption of this ordinance. For the purpose of this section, redevelopment means the demolition of the main structure on a site, and its replacement by another structure. Section 2. If any word, phrase, clause, subsection or section of this ordinance is for any reason held unconstitutional or invalid, the invalidity 9SS • rage -- Ordinance 95-7488 Page 2 thereof shall not affect the validity of any remaining portions of this ordinance. -• Section 3. That all sections or parts of sections of the Code of Municipal Ordinances, all ordinances or parts of ordinances, and all resolutions or parts of resolutions in conflict herewith, be and the same are hereby repealed to the extent of such conflict. Section 4. This ordinance shall take effect immediately upon adoption at second reading. APPROVED AT FIRST READING THIS 19TH DAY OF JULY, 1995. PASSED AND ADOPTED AT SECOND READING AND PUBLIC HEARING IN OPEN AND REGULAR SESSION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF NAPLES, FLORIDA, THIS 2ND DAY OF AUGUST, 1995. an R. Korest, Vase Ma.yor Attest: Approved as to formes and legality: `y tit c Lam: 431/krz Tara A. Normat, Deputy City Clerk Maria J. Chiaro, `City Attorney Apo roved as to accuracy: r ` - f _ Jon C. Staiger, Ph.D. Natural Resources Manager' M:\?.F,COUNCIL\ORD\95-7488 11 95-7488 Korest Y Pennington S Y Prolman M Y Sullivan Y Tarrant N VanArsdale Y Muenzer Y (6-1) M=Motion S=Second Y=Yes N=No A=Absent _5-04-2 52s 75- -C3 %- % - ,'K '73A 0334 75 — /// 7f9 Cc u- c-Fes' /vf /7'_Cif (Ci/'T/1-7 GAc /9 /" E?fo77 c sfrf 614 CLEAR/MC fie" j71-1-2A419ar 6D9-Cf( t E /-77)_ Al sr-re r(R9s=/3fr ') )rte - r rivr-r.;lv,WP-VE ' a(Af-61- EX4077CS40/41/47,"--5.4. NioTLr leo E � , . ' - ,�h,e, EN-077,/s7- Cl`f - !c A .o-e.e;� 190 - ,A0 9, J °3o til bill(A4f-al-ea-c-A- ifiu.c r-rmay Jeu7c-e e''° ew A C � : f3 - 07 . ' . --/a.511/91r 9i1Goe.ede-.24-4, , f2 e° 9rt Cerz. te, , i . 49 4.3 tet` - Al K:41-041-14‘ v / ' 7.z „ryo ,t,, • 9/ - / Li711-4,14-0 �L. 7r-� $6"r. E 9 + /�I ar 2 AY' /744() ee}ea-zic 7e)-cra.-CLAL., fi � As-00e--- �Z �� Vi"\ dxsz-eli-ea-t-e; arleAt: .7- iieecAtA, idelatarA-4.- 7 Za" heett4-0 6d5 01/ 4teetrd4tztAtLiwa-tz-a ‘7- .�.� � r • "8 !# :2:11 \ t a i 4 c) 2~at�C ra?4 d Q �}t� & ,_ ' 1 277030 198911A, 2 Qf1 �� 29 ` j OR 0001 r . AGE C lER COUNTY RECORDEQ if JL l V . 1 JUN - =afi.1Z7"l� 4ECi ' WARRANTY DEED 1 D S - 9 0- 2 ';,a 3 PR S&.-/C1) aDos, a)(3'CXR _4_f SMMAf,.LY, vi r; DOC THIS INDENTURE made this day o Lia A.�j:''�'. 1989, INT•••••••••••.••• - tN0-- —.hetween ABC FARMS, INC. , a Florida Corporation, of the County of Collier, in the State of Florida, party of the first part, (Gran- tor) , and IMMOKALEE WATER AND SEWER DISTRICT, a political subdivision of the State of Florida created under Florida Laws, Chapter 78-494 , located in the County of Collier, State of Florida, whose post office address is 1020 Sanitation Road, Im- mokalee, Florida 33934 , party of the second part, (Grantee) , WITNESSETH, That the said party of the first part, for and in consideration of the sum of TEN ( $10 . 00) DOLLARS AND OTHER VALUABLE CONSIDERATIONS, to it in hand paid by the said party of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, has granted, bargained, and sold to the said party of the second part, its heirs and assigns forever, the following described land, situate, and being in the County of Collier, State of Florida, to-wit: All of Section 8, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, Collier County, Florida; less all oil, gas and minerals lying 125 feet below the surface of the land, and less all oil, gas and mineral leases affecting the property. Together with all appurtenant easements, if any, in anyway appertaining to the land. Subject, however, to the following: 1. Grantor reserves unto itself, its successors and as- signs , a non-exclusive easement for roadway and utility purposes over the East 50 feet of said Section 8, Township 47 South, Range 29 East, from a point where that road _commonly known as "Dump Road" (which meanders generally southwesterly through the adjoin- ing Section 9 ) enters said Section 8 to the south line of said Section 8 . 2. Ad valorem property taxes for 1989. 3. Reservations of oil, gas, and mineral rights shown in a deed dated April 26, 1988, recorded in O.R. Book 1344, Page 2140, Public Records of Collier County, Florida. 4 . Subject to right-of-way easement dated August 23, 1956 and recorded in O.R. Book 13, Page 409 , Collier County Records in favor of Lee County Electric Co-Operative, Inc. 5. Subject to oil, gas and mineral lease given by Turner Corporation to Natural Resource Management Corp. , a Delaware cor- poration, dated August 7, 1979, recorded in O.R. Hook 829, Page 1098, Public Records of Collier County, Florida which describes 1 c v UF( BOOK PAGE 18. Declarations, conditions, reservations, restrictions, • limitations, valid rights-of-way, easements, restrictions and reservations that are of record or that an inspection would dis- close, including, without limitation, those for roads, public utilities, borrow pits, outfall ditches and drainage. And the said party of the first part does hereby fully warrant the title to said land, and will defend the same against the lawful claims of all persons whomsoever. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, The said party of the first part has hereunto set its hand and seal the day and year first above writ- ten. Signed, sealed and delivered ABC FARMS, INC. in t dpresence7 of: a Flor d- .rporation // - /I A ., �. oz.t �_ BY 1 i'�.._ .B. CURRY/ . , Pres: . ` 1 •; .� I/ 1_tVt Attest;. Aof...� /�• �� .J AMES H. DAVIDSON, Sec,. .. • " STATE OF FLORIDA ) COUNTY OF COLLIER ) I HEREBY CERTIFY that on this day, before me, an officer duly authorized in the State aforesaid and in the County aforesaid to take acknowledgments, personally appeared A.B. CURRY, JR. and JAMES H. DAVIDSON, president and secretary respectively of ABC FARMS, INC. , a Florida corporation, to me known to be the persons described in and who executed the foregoing instrument and they acknowledged before me that they executed the same under authority duly vested in them by said corporation. WITNESS my hand and official seal in the County and State last aforesaid this ' - day of May, A.D. , 1989. .. t • 111 TARY PUBLIC My Commission Expires: NOTARY PU8U . STATE Oi fEORIOA AT IARQE ooNTD:lISS10K EXPIRES AUQO=T�I 141t 80KDE0 THRU NUCatf8ERR1 $ ASSOC►ATE$ This Instrument Prepared By: Thomas K. Boardman 1400-A 15th Street North Immokalee, Florida 33934 tom Sok �p* 9$40� C. 1?�� S4o cO. I I I r k I I 1 I A Florida Partnership -' P.O. BOX 413038 • SUITE 200 • 2600 GOLDEN GATE PARKWAY - NAPLES, FLORIDA 33941-3038 813 • 262-2600 May 3 , 1989 Thomas Boardman, Esquire 1400-A 15th St. N. Immokalee, FL 33934 , "� Re: Proposed Easement Section 9-47-29 Dear Tom: To follow up on our discussions last week, the Barron Collier Company is willing to give the Immokalee Water and Sewer District Board a 15 ' wide pipeline easement along what is commonly referred to as "Dump Road" in Barron Collier Company's Section 9-47-29. The pipeline easement would be for the purpose of constructing and maintaining an effluent pipeline from the District Sewage Treatment Plant in Section 9-47-29 to the proposed spray irrigation field and sewage facilities in the adjoining Section 8-47-29 . The Barron Collier Company is also willing to grant a right-of-way easement or license agreement (the width of which has yet to be determined) to the Immokalee Water and Sewer District along "Dump Road" . It will allow the District to access Section 8 for utility related activities only. It will not provide access to anyone else other than the District. If you require further clarification, please contact me. 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TERMINAL) INDICATES LIMITS OF SOD 1% OF BUILDING AREA REQUIRED LANDSCAPING 3,000 S.F X 1% ® 30 S.F.'OF LANDSCAPING TYPE A LANDSCAPING PROVIDED ALONG INDICATES PLANT SCHEDULE ITEMS PARKING LOTS ADJACENT TO R.O.W. LINES (Qv\ Ip' INDICATES QUANTIY OF PLANTS OR EXOTIC VEGETATION REMOVAL PLAN INDICATES COLLIER COUNTY L.D.C. L lntent- (61\1,-) INDICATES ALTERNATIVE BID PLANT The intent of this plan is to remove the exotics from the developed and 10' undeveloped portions of the site per County requirements.The site will be INDICATES GRAVEL MULCH ADJACEI treated, cleared and.maintained free of invasive exotic vegetation in rt': -" + perpetuity The Owner shall be required to annually remove and/or treat all exotic vegetation. N titwdottny: Exotics will be removed by mechanical, chemical and/or manual means. Ammiiist Exotic in open areas shall be removed mechanically.Exotics located in protected vegetation systems or located within the dripline of an existing tree shall be removed manually and then treated chemically.Plants two inches or less in caliper shall be removed by hand.Plants with a caliper (Wis. greater than two inches shall be cut down by hand and then the stump �, chemically treated with a "Environmental Protection Agency" approved herbicide.Exotic vegetation greater than two inches in diameter end within the dripline of existing trees shall be chemically treated.All treatment shall be scheduled to take place during the dry season and applied by a licensed applicator. r_ ._ , .. , .. . ... f t r I.,: , . _ ___....... I / I ( • -•- ., . . � i . . I' / I •. QV / . t" / to' j . 1 i 1 ii‘ . ' i - / i I .. t' *'s CO}' NITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES --VISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTML_ .. PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger jy Environmental Specialist II DATE: November 30, 1995 RE: Collier DRI/PUD (CDC) PUD Annual Monitoring Report The subject property is undeveloped at the present time. Environmental commitments will be addressed during subsequent development order approvals. SL/ew/doc: 10130 COMMUNI DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL SI . DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl Planner I FROM: Stephen Lenberger fi/� Environmental Specialist II DATE: March 26, 1996 RE: Bear Creek PUD Annual Monitoring Report The subject PUD is currently in compliance with their environmental commitments. SL/ew/doc: 10671 • `k a„ .s q� �� y �x r �' y,,r.� -r n -.e d�-.`�.+�;' � �-rt` �'�- .�: _ - " - .. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara Burgeson Environmental Specialist II DATE: December 29 , 1995 RE: Eaglr Creek PUD monitoring RECOMMENDATION: Upon review of the PUD monitoring plan and having conducted a site visit on December 28th, Staff made the following observations. Exotic vegetation was scattered throughout the developed portions of the PUD, in the residential areas and in the preserves. Individual plants (mostly Brazilian pepper) were observed throughout the areas of retained vegetaton and in landscaped areas. Old growth Brazilian pepper was observed surrounding the driving range across from the Clubhouse. For the project to be in compliance, the exotic vegetation shall be removed within thirty days. <>/ew/doc:<> CC:r 11 UN/V ®l f 'T7Af COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: August 7, 1995 RE: Falling Waters annual monitoring report During a site visit on July 27th, 1995 staff observed that a very limited amount of exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself in the wetland preserve areas and in the areas to be retained in native vegetation. Since the exotics are in preserve areas they shall be cleared by hand. The plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the project to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove any existing exotic vegetation within all improved portions of this property within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: December 27 , 1995 RE: The Falls of Naples PUD annual monitoring report During a site visit on December 18, 1995 staff observed the three wetland ponds at the west and south edges of the property. It appears that the wetland vegetation in and around these ponds are not being maintained. Staff recommends that the property owner review their original wetland planting scheme and commit to an appropriate annual maintenance of the species originally planted in these areas. BSB/doc: 601 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES .DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ronald Nino • Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger )-- Environmental Specialist II DATE: July 24 , 1995 RE: Germain Automotive facility PUD Annual Monitoring Report Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found the preserve area to contain moderate amounts of nuisance exotic vegetation. Several of these trees (java plum, women's tongue and Brazilian pepper) appear to predate the PUD in age. Brazilian pepper can also be found along the southern and western drainage easements. The property owners need to implement an exotic vegetation removal program to correct the problem. Replanting with native vegetation may be necessary if exotics are allowed to overrun the property. SL/ew/doc: 9549 cc: Chrono File John DeMartino, Code Compliance CA-A xo \� (.� ` l sSL roe —44:4© tcg PoT MEMORANDUM TO: Ed Kant, Senior Engineer, Transportation Sandra Taylor, Director, Real Property John Madajewski, Manager, Project Plan Review I FROM: Current Planning Manager Ve-kk-.) DATE: November 16, 1993 ON RE: Germail}e Automotive Facility PUD ; &4CK 1 We are in receipt of the annual monitoring report for the Germain Automotive Facility PUD located in Section 16, Township 48 South, Range 25 East. The development order makes provision for development commit- ments that affect your area of jurisdictional consideration and responsibility. We are taking this opportunity to provide you with a copy of the annual report so that you may avail yourself of the opportunity to determine that provisions of the said development order, with respect to your jurisdictional responsibilities, have been fulfilled or are on a defined time frame for compliance. In the event those related stipulations have been fulfilled, we would appreciate your so advising us so that we can eliminate your review from subsequent annual reports. On the other hand, if there are stipulations that have not been fulfilled and should be fulfilled at this time, given the level of development within the area covered by said development order, then we should also be advised of this lack of compliance. Please advise in written form no later than December 2 , 1993 to Joseph F. Delate, Landscape Planner. DRI/PUD MEMO/nb cc: Joseph F. Delate,Landscape Planner Germain Automotive Facility PUD Short File FOR CURRENT PLANNING USE ONLY Response Dates: Project Plan Review ( 1f >'<iTransportation 4 / zfcr3 Real Property no rQ -C, ccmnnk 1ks vtr • �ti�1tR cot' Development Services Department Community Development Division/Collier County Government 1`' L 1 2800 North Horseshoe Drive I Naples,FL 33942-6917 � Phone:813/643-8400 • �`s 54 . , sENT PLANNING • October 4, 1993 a Germain Properties, Inc. 13491 No . Tamiami Trail Naples, Florida 33963 Re : Germain Automotive Facility - PUD Ordinance No. 90-50 development commitments Dear Sirs: We have received your latest PUD monitoring report for this project indicating that the project is 1002 complete. Staff has conducted a site visit to this location to verify these conditions. Prior to closing out the PUD monitoring for this P .U.D. project, the following development commitments shall be completed by your company: 1 . Prohibited exotic species (specifically Brazilian Pepper) shall be irradicated from the preserve area and the plants shall be chemically treated to prevent re-invasion. There are several small peppers in the preserve area and vicinity. 2 . The landscape buffer along the south property line adjacent to the mobile home park has died in a 30ft.± length. This buffer shall be re-established with trees and shrubs and properly maintained . Once these provisions are addressed you may contact the undersigned for a follow-up inspection. Meanwhile if you have any questions concerning this letter, do not hesitate to contact me at 643-8469 . Sincerely, 4 / j/-715 • Jos_ h F. Delate Landscape Planner JFD/md PZ93-_96 o`ue r-u v% COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Cecilia Martin Planning Technician FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: March 26, 1996 RE: Green Heron (Sapphire Lakes) annual monitoring report During a site visit on March 26, 1996 staff observed that a large amount of exotic vegetation has re-established itself in the natural areas (areas of retained native vegetation) and in the areas designated as the gopher tortoise preserve. Some exotics have been planted as an enhancement to the landscaping (ie. earleaf acacia) . All exotics planted after the species were incorporated into the Collier County Land Development Code prohibited species list shall be removed, including those in landscaped areas, all of which appear to have been planted more recently than the code amendment. The exotics in the natural areas shall be cleared by hand. The plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the project to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation within the developed portions of this property within thirty days. BSB/doc: 1056 cc: John DiMartino, Environmental Specialist Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Cecilia Martin Planning Technician FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: August 7, 1995 RE: Green Heron (Sapphire Lakes) annual monitoring report During a site visit on August 3rd, 1995 staff observed that a fairly large amount of exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself in the natural areas (areas of retained native vegetation) and in the areas designated as the gopher tortoise preserve. Some exotics appear to have been planted as an enhancement to the landscaping. All exotics planted after the species were incorporated into the Collier County Land Development Code prohibited species list shall be removed, including those in landscaped areas all of which appear to have been planted more recently than the code amendment. The exotics in the natural areas shall be cleared by hand. The plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the project to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation within all improved portions of this property within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino _ NigPLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES MEMORANDUM TO: Ed Kant, Senior Engineer, Transportation Thomas Kuck, P.E. , Manager, Engineering Review Sandra Taylor, Director, Real Property Thomas 011iff, Administrator, Public Services Mike McNees, Administrator, Utilities Ken Pineau, Director, Emergency Mangement /Ray Bellows, Project Planner (Historical/Archaeological) Barbara Burgeson, Environmental Specialist FROM: Cecilia Martin, Planning Technician DATE: August 3 , 1995 RE: Green Heron PUD We are in receipt of the annual monitoring report for the Green Heron PUD located in Section 3, Township 49 South, Range 26 East. The development order makes provision for development commitments that affect your area of jurisdictional consideration and responsibility. We are taking this opportunity to provide you with a copy of- the annual report so that you may avail yourself of the opportunity to determine that provisions of the said development order, with respect to your jurisdictional responsibilities, have been fulfilled or are on a defined time frame for compliance. In the event those related stipulations have been fulfilled, we would appreciate your so advising us so that we can eliminate your review from subsequent annual reports. On the other hand, if there are stipulations that have not been fulfilled and should be fulfilled at this time, given the level of development within the area covered by said development order, then we should also be advised of this lack of compliance. Please advise in written form no later than August 17, 1995 to Cecilia Martin, Planning Technician. n ;5Jos-,G and Acc-4e,,63;c. 1 Surve3 0.1 cc: Green Heron PUD Short File ( [lc A$5es5men-� MA') &- requ i t- . c+ -f;444, a£ (�S P or Sop c\ v eu) . FOR CURRENT PLANNING USE ONLY /7// Response Dates: Engineering Review Public Services Transportation Utilities Real Property Emergency Management Historical/Archaeological Environmentalists COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: June 27, 1995 RE: Grey Oaks annual monitoring report During a site visit on June 27th, 1995 staff observed that a very limited amount of exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself in the wetland preserve areas. Since the exotics are in a preserve they shall be cleared by hand. The plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. The petitioner stated that he would send a letter to the file addressing their schedule for exotic removal and also proposing a new exotic removal plan that will go into effect in the near future for the larger quantity of exotics that were observed in the native vegetation areas outside the wetland preserves. For the project to be in compliance, the petitioner shall commit to the proposed schedule of exotic vegetation removal by sending a letter to this file within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino CON LAITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES VISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTML_.2 PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ronald F. Nino, AICP Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger� Environmental Spec' ist II DATE: August 16, 1995 RE: Huntington PUD Annual Monitoring Report The property owner needs to xemove a few remaining Brazilian pepper trees along the drainage ditch on the east side of the property. SL/ew/doc: 9681 CC: MIKE Xifl4 Y COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl, Planner II FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: November 3 , 1995 RE: Island Pines Garden PUD annual monitoring report During a site visit on November 2 , 1995 staff observed that even though the monitoring report is completed to say that infrastructure is under construction and that the natural area is completed in accordance with the clearing permit, in fact no work has been done in these areas in the past year or so and no work is done on the natural areas. Consequently no exotic removal has been done on-site and is not required until such time as the development work resumes. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino • CO___.UNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICE; DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT ' PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ray Bellows Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger � lis� Environmental Spe i t II DATE: August 30, 1995 RE: Lely Barefoot Beach PUD Annual Monitoring Report • Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found varying amounts of prohibited exotic vegetation within the PUD. Most of this vegetation (Brazilian pepper, Australian pine) is located along the edge of the preserves. Australian pine has also established itself along the beach and by the clubhouse adjacent to Southport on the Bay. The property owners need to implement an exotic vegetation removal program to prevent a major exotic infestation in the future. Many of the Australian pines along the beach are still small and could easily be removed at this time. SL/ew/doc:9752 Cc ; JoH& DIAW2741 vo , Cod Co,PG/A4C4' r► • PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICIJ • MEMORANDUM TO: Ed Kant, Senior Engineer, Transportation Thomas Kuck, P. E. , Manager, Engineering Review Mary Morgan, Elections Steve Lenberger, Environmental Specialist II FROM: j Raymond V. Bellows, Project Planner DATE: August 24 , 1995 • RE: Lely Barefoot Beach .PUD' -We are in receipt of • the... annual - monitoring report for . the Lely • Barefoot . Beach PUD located ` in Sections 5 & 8, Township 48 South, Range. 25 East. • . The. development order makes provision for d.evelopment .commitmentS that affect your area -of. . jurisdictional consideration and responsibility . We -are taking this opportunity to provide you with a copy .of the annual. report so. that:you may availyouursel.f of the .opportunity to determine that provisions of the said development order, with respect to your jurisdictional responsibilities, have been fulfilled or are on a defined time frame for compliance. In the event those related stipulations have been fulfilled, we would appreciate your .so advising us so that we can eliminate-your review from subsequent annual reports. On the other hand, if there are stipulations that have not been fulfilled and should be fulfilled at this time, given the level of development within the area covered by said development order, then we should also be advised of this lack of compliance. Please advise in written form no later than September 8, 1995 to Raymond V. Bellows. cc: Lely Barefoot Beach PUD Short File FOR CURRENT PLANNING USE ONLY Response Dates: Engineering Review 75 / 406EIJ 0.1' Transportation 6 /7-% �, Elections V/6\ V�'�� o` i o`'� I� OUen,Environmentalis �'��C3 P �� ,� DRI/PUD MEMO/nb COMMUNI DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL S 1. DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMLwT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Martin Powers Planner I FROM: Stephen Lenberger .//r Environmental Specialist II DATE: January 5, 1996 RE: Longshore Lake PUD Annual Monitoring Report The subject property has some Brazilian pepper in the open space areas on the west and south sides of the property. The Brazilian peppers along the west property line are fairly large but few in number. All prohibited exotic vegetation (Brazilian pepper) should be removed on an annual basis. SL/ew/doc: 10293 cc: John DiMartino, Code Compliance COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara Burgeson Environmental Specialist II DATE: January 2 , 1996 RE: Maplewood PUD monitoring Upon review of the PUD monitoring plan and having conducted a site visit on December 28th, Staff made the following observations. Exotic vegetation has not been completely irradicated in the preserve or natural area. The exotics shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the PUD to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation from the property within thirty days. bsb/ew/doc: 957 cc=` J-'hh+J COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: December 4, 1995 RE: Marco Shores Country Club PUD annual monitoring report During a site visit on November 30, 1995 staff observed that exotic vegetation still exists within the Golf Course. Several large Australian pines were seen in the course that may never have been removed or may have been initially removed and allowed to re-establish themselves over the past many years. The exotics shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the PUD to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation from the property within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino COMMUNI DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL ST . DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTML .e CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ronald F. Nino, AICP Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen LenbergerM— Environmental Specialist II DATE: December 19, 1995 RE: Marco Shores, Unit 30, DRI/PUD Annual Monitoring Report Staff visited the subject property and found exotic vegetation scattered throughout the PUD. Exotic vegetation (melaleuca, Brazilian pepper) appears to be present within the platted boundaries of the golf course. The property owner needs to implement an exotic vegetation removal program to correct the problem. Exotic removal should be coordinated with Code Compliance. C- SL/ew/doc: 10189 cc: John Di Martino, Code Compliance a� s y COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Norma A. Boone Planning Technician FROM: Barbara Burgeson Environmental Specialist II DATE: January 29 , 1996 RE: Moon Lake annual PUD monitoring RECOMMENDATION: Upon review of the PUD monitoring plan and having conducted a site visit on January 29, Staff made the following observations. Exotic vegetation was scattered throughout the undeveloped portions of the PUD. This PUD is currently in compliance with the CCLDC and the PUD document. The exotics in the undeveloped areas shall be removed at the time of site improvement. The preserve shall be maintained exotics free. bs/ew/doc: 974 CC; ./Z-11-7V v 64,1`/x✓>gv COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: June 15, 1995 RE: Naples National Golf Course annual monitoring report During a site visit on June 14th, 1995 staff observed that exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself in the wetland preserve areas. Since the exotics are in a preserve they shall be cleared by hand. The plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the project to be in compliance, the exotic vegetation shall be removed within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino COMMUNIDEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL Sc . DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT' CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl Planner II FROM: Stephen Lenberger ✓J Environmental Specialist II DATE: February 26, 1996 RE: Orangetree PUD Annual Monitoring Report The subject PUD is currently in compliance with their environmental commitments. SL/ew/doc: 10532 PLANNING MEMORANDUM TO: Martin X. Powers Planner I FROM: Stephen Lenberger Environmental Specialist DATE: December 18, 1995 RE: Ospreys Landing PUD Annual Monitoring Report The subject property is under construction and should be completed by the end of the year. Prior to the Final CO being issued, all remaining exotic vegetation within the preserve area shall be removed. Conservation easements are currently being recorded for the remaining wetland preserve and mitigation area. SL/bk/16301 cc: John DiMartino, Code Compliance COMMURL•2Y DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIvA.SION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ronald F. Nino Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger � Environmental Specialist II DATE: June 13 , 1995 RE: Pelican Bay PUD Monitoring Report Staff have reviewed the Pelican Bay PUD and find the following: - Varying amounts of nuisance exotic vegetation occur within the main 530 acre conservation area within the Pelican Bay PUD. Most of these are located along the edge of the wetlands and adjacent upland areas. Considerable amounts of nuisance exotic vegetation also occur within the freshwater wetlands on site. The property owners should implement an exotic removal program to control the problem. Coordination among the different condominium/home owners associations may be necessary. - Nuisance exotic vegetation has established itself along the golf course buffer areas within the PUD. A program should be implemented to correct the situation and prevent a major maintenance problem in the future. SL/ew/doc: 9384 cc: Chrono File CC /1/Kg xi ey COMMUNITY DEVELOP..-..NT & ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICE.. DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P.E. Director Natural Resources Depa tment FROM: Ron Nino, AICP Senior Project Planner DATE: October 20, 1995 RE : Pelican Bay Annual Monitoring For PUD and DRI As the person charged with coordinating the annual monitoring function for the Pelican Bay PUD/DRI, I find the implication of your memorandum disconcerting because it suggests the annual monitoring function has policing jurisdiction for any and every natural and physical event that may occur in the area covered by pertinent Collier County Development Orders for Pelican Bay. The mangrove die-off would have to be irrefutably linked to a development activity having taken place at variance with a development order commitments or conditions precedent to its approval . Relative to ensuring that conditions and stipulations of the Pelican Bay PUD/DRI have been met, the coordinating planner, in this case myself, look to those agencies of County government having jurisdictional responsibility for activities covered or affected by the development order. The coordinating planner can only act to correct any problem resulting from an activity inconsistent with any condition or stipulation of approval when notified by the jurisdictional county agency. For this reason the annual monitoring report is circulated to all county agencies having jurisdictional responsibility for some aspect of regulation covered by the PUD/DRI development order. In my capacity of annual report coordinating person, I have never been advised of any direct action taken by WCI Communities, Inc. , contrary to conditions or stipulations contained in the PUD or DRI Development Order that directly caused the mangrove die-off. Ron/mk/doc: 284 cc : Vincent A. Cautero, Administrator Community Development & Environmental Services Division Donald W. Arnold, Planning Services Director Robert J. Mulhere, Current Planning Manager Jim Ward, Pelican Bay Service Division Administrator RECEIVED MEMORANDUM OCT 18 1995 PLANNING SERVICES TO: Ron Nino, Senior Project Planner Planning ServicesU )- FROM: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P.E. , Director Natural Resources Department DATE: 13-Oct-1995 RE: Documented Problems with Clam Bay As part of the annual reporting requirement for the Pelican Bay PUD, please consider addressing the problem of mangrove die-off in the northern Clam Bay system. As noted in the Summary of Richard Hartwell 's October 11, 1995 memo, high water levels have caused the recent death of black mangroves as well as stressing red and white mangroves. This problem during the past 6 months has been caused by stormwater loading from Pelican Bay and heavy rains from Tropical Storm Jerry. Pelican Bay Services Division is reviewing alternatives to reduce their stormwater impact to the system. The Natural Resources Department is also looking at a variety of alternatives to reduce water elevations. We will be monitoring the system on a monthly basis. If you need any further information, please give me or Dick Hartwell a call at 732-2505. • WDL/gmm/8536 Attachment cc: Jim Ward, Pelican Bay Services Division Administrator Vincent A. Cautero, Administrator, Community Development and Environmental Services Richard W. Hartwell, Environmental Specialist II NRD File COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 33942 PLANNING SERVICES (813)643-8400 June 16, 1995 A CERTIFIED BLUE CHIP COMMUNITY Mr. Bernon W. Young, President Pelican Bay of Naples Foundation, Inc . 6251 Pelican Bay Blvd. Naples, Florida 33963 Re : Pelican Bay Annual Monitoring Report Review Dear Mr. Young: This office appreciates your taking the time to comment on the Pelican Bay annual monitoring report. Your interpretation of the amount of building area to be targeted to retail versus office is incorrect . What the PUD Document says is that a maximum of 285, 000 square feet of retail is allowed, however WCI may choose to defer some of this to office space provided the total of 640,400 square feet for the south commercial is not exceeded. Based on their monitoring report they have the option of allowing 73, 600 additional square feet of office, retail or any combination thereof. The retail area does not include Barnes and Noble which contains an area of 24, 000 square feet, therefore, the total retail as of now is 225, 000 square feet . Regarding the matter of preserve and beachfront ownership. I do not have a historical perspective on this, however, I do know that the issues covered by the section on Environment and Natural Resources, Item B. (a) indicate that the 3/4 miles of beachfront ownership and the preserve/conservation area of 530 acres containing an additional 11/ miles of beachfront is owned by Collier County. I cannot answer why this property was not conveyed to a non-profit property owners association. If you want this matter further addressed and believe that Collier County should not be the entity having title to the land you will have to take this up with the Board of County Commissioners . • Mr. Young June 16, 1995 Page Two Again relative to the Natural Resources section B (b) this office has not been placed on notice that waters of Clam Bay are of negative water quality, attributable to actions resulting from land development activities at Pelican Bay. WCI' s response to this question is appropriate in the light - of no official challenge from responsible permitting agencies . Regarding the item under Transportation having to do with traffic signalization, this office is advising WCI that a more appropriate response is one that acknowledges that this commitment is incomplete and when appropriate warrants are found to exist that said traffic signals will be installed. This also goes to the heart of previous discussions with George Archibald, for which I was of the opinion that he was going to suggest some long term solution of this stipulation. This office has not received any indication of any course of actithat ought to be taken regarding this stipulation. Since el v Rona d F. Nin., AICP __ Senior Project Planner RFN/md/PZ95-80 cc : Martin Fritz Westinghouse Communities of Naples, Inc. 801 Laurel Oak Drive, Suite 500 Naples, Florida 33963 Donald W. Arnold, AICP Planning Services Department Director Id COMMUNI DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL S' . DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ronald F. Nino Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger Environmental Specialist II DATE: March 4, 1996 RE: Pelican Marsh PUD Staff visited the subject property and found the PUD to be out of compliance with regards to their environmental commitments. Prohibited exotic vegetation was noted as follows: - The Cocohatchee Strand Restoration Area was found to be relatively free of exotic vegetation. Exotics present in the Strand include Brazilian pepper, melaleuca and java plum. - The smaller isolated wetland preserve in the southwest corner of the PUD, adjacent to Egret's Walk and the Gables, is more impacted with exotic vegetation than the Cocohatchee Strand. Although initially removed, melaleuca, Brazilian pepper and downy rosemyrtle have invaded the area. - Staff found Brazilian pepper and melaleuca growing in the open space area of the Golf Course and roadway in Bay Colony. SL/ew/doc: 10567 3 COMMUN1 DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL S DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Martin X. Powers Planner I FROM: Stephen Lenberger%2//Y Environmental Specialist II DATE: February 8, 1996 RE: Pine Air Lakes DRI/PUD Annual Monitoring Report 1. The subject PUD is currently in compliance with their environmental commitments. SL/ew/doc: 10456 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Cecilia Martin Planning Technician FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: October 24, 1995 RE: Plantation PUD annual monitoring report During a site visit on October 24 , 1995 staff observed that exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself in the understory along the western property boundary on the west side of the condominiums. The exotics shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the PUD to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation from the property within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl Planner II FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson, ES II DATE: October 20, 1995 RE: Radio Square PUD annual monitoring report During a site visit on October 19, 1995 staff observed that a fairly large amount of exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself in the understory throughout the property. Since this parcel was given an exotic vegetation removal permit and cleared the site of all exotics, it is required to maintain it exotic free. The exotics shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the PUD to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation from the property within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino COM. AITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES _VISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger J Environmental Spe ialist II DATE: December 4, 1995 RE: Retreat at Naples PUD (Bentley Village) Annual Monitoring Report Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found the developed portions of the PUD to contain varying amounts of nuisance exotic vegetation. Most of the exotic vegetation is located in the cypress wetlands within the water management system. Exotics are also found along the drainage swale on the north _side of the property and at the entrance along Vanderbilt Drive. Most of the exotic vegetation is small in stature. The hydrology of the subject property is helping to suppress the size of the individual Brazilian pepper trees on site. The property owners need to implement a management plan to control exotic vegetation. This management plan should be reviewed and approved by Collier County Code Compliance. Current Planning Environmental Staff suggest herbiciding exotic vegetation during the dry season when water levels drop. SL/ew/doc: 10143 cc: John Dimartino, Code Compliance COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl Planner II FROM: Barbara Burgeson Environmental Specialist II DATE: January 29 , 1996 RE: At. Peter's Catholic Church annual PUD monitoring RECOMMENDATION: Upon review of the PUD monitoring plan and having conducted a site visit on January 29th, Staff made the following observations. Exotic vegetation has not been completely irradicated from the site. Brazilian pepper plants have re-established themselves among the cabbage palms along the Radio Road right of way. The exotics shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots which shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the PUD to be in compliance, the petitioner shall remove all existing exotic vegetation from the property within thirty days. bs/ew/doc: 974 COMMUNI _ DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL S 3. DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Martin X. Powers Planner I FROM: Stephen Lenberger/j Environmental Specialist II DATE: February 8, 1996 RE: Sleepy Hollow PUD Annual Monitoring Report 1 . Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found the preserve areas to contain minor amounts of nuisance exotic vegetation. These include Brazilian pepper, melaleuca, java plum, earleaf acacia and Australian pine. Exotic vegetation (Brazilian pepper, melaleuca) is also present along the north and south perimeter buffers. All nuisance exotic vegetation should be removed on an annual basis. SL/ew/doc: 10455 MEMORANDUM TO: Barbara Prynoski Environmental Specialist FROM: Kenneth W. Baginski Planning Services Manager DATE: March 13, 1992 RE: Exotic Removal Plan - The Crossings Enclosed, please find a copy of correspondence received from a Mr. Robert G. Menzies concerning the removal of exotics from the PUD now known as The Crossings. I have reviewed the PUD Document and have found references to the establishment of an Exotic Removal Plan to be approved by the Natural Resources Division. Since your section, for the most part, has taken over the development review and monitoring responsibilities for that group, I would appreciate your input in this matter. Are you aware of such plan, or has one ever been approved? What is the proper enforcement action? cc: John Madajewski (K �KJ��'ZQ/l�Pdd 75 EAST MARKET STREET // /J AKRON.OHIO 44308-2096 f Y/<e./'__g(///,KL /�(��s'O JOSEPH L. LAWSON (216)376-2700 XY '�CO.%(/iIi<J t(ri( ) ROBERT G. MENZIES TELECOPIER:{216)3764577 //'n/ ''/� ,/ JOHN CLAPPER, III. /TDD�[�C� t� ��1,/��.� � JAMES A. PILON D / ,/ f/�J,,�� RICHARD A. HEUERMAN*• 220 MARKET AVENUE, SOUTH y .2/ f SelC_��1CII'/`G�( / ARLENE F. AUSTIN SUITE 520 VV VV Q CANTON,OHIO 44702-2106 (2,6)455-2700 •BOARD CERTIFIED CIVIL TRIAL LAWYERTELECOPIER-(2I6)455-0546 e" , Y�� /`aL (9,9g0 ..LICENSED IN OHIO AND MICHIGAN ONLY (813) 261-4351 37 WEST BROAD STREET 1-(800) 535-7239 SUITE BOO COLUMBUS,OHIO 43215-4100 TELECOPIER:(813)261-3659 (6.4)463-9770 TELECOPIER:(614)463 9792 eye C r MSR 12 t2 March 11, 1992 Mr. Kenneth W. Baginski Planning Services Manager Collier County Government Complex 2800 North Horseshoe Drive Naples, FL 33942 Re: The Crossings Planned Unit Development Dear Mr. Baginski: I am a home owner in The Crossings. As you know, The Crossings is a residential subdivision located in North Naples, North of Pine Ridge Road and between Airport and Goodlette Roads. I am writing to you as a home owner and on behalf of some of my neighbors. We are concerned about the fact that non-Florida exotic plants in The Crossings have not been eradicated from our subdivision. The Crossings is governed by a Planned Unit Develop- ment document (PUD) , which requires the removal and eradication of exotic plant life such as Brazilian Pepper and Melaleuca. The Developer of The Crossings has failed to comply with the PUD documents and these exotic plans are flourishing. These exotic plans are growing not only in the vacant lots in The Crossings but also in the dedicated conservation areas in the neighborhood. My neighbors and I feel that it is important that you know of this problem and that appropriate steps to be taken to force the responsible parties to comply with the PUD documents. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss this with you or any • C ,- - 1,/ , c/r4 ,146Gt000 ,�lidcGCO.Gb�L Mr. Kenneth W. Baginski Page 2 March 11, 1992 appropriate member of your staff as soon as possible. Thank you very much for your attention to this matter. Very y yours, -4/t2Pr _ Robert G. Men For the Firm RGM: lmf cc: Steve Sheaf COF NITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES "—T.VISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTM. PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ronald F. Nino Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen LenbergerjQ Environmental Specialist II DATE: June 5, 1995 RE: Southampton at Naples PUD Monitoring Report( ) Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found the preserve and open space areas to be relatively free of nuisance exotic vegetation. Minor amounts of Brazilian pepper are present within the preserve and golf course ecotones. The property owners should continue their exotic vegetation removal program to prevent a major exotic infestation in the future. SL/ew/doc: 9346 Vv'� COMI LAITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES -T VISION ?LANNING SERVICES DEPARTM1 CURRENT PLANNING SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger,,� Environmental Spe 'ial st II DATE: December 1, 1995 RE: Surrey Place PUD Annual Monitoring Report Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found the preserve and open space areas to be relatively free of nuisance exotic vegetation. Small Brazilian pepper trees are present in the open space areas adjacent to the north and south parking lots. Removing these small trees would be a minor task at this time. SL/ew/doc: 10140 cc: John Dimartino, Code Compliance CO}. NITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES :VISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Ron Nino Senior Project Planner FROM: Stephen Lenberger Environmental Speci' list II DATE: December 1, 1995 RE: Sutherland Center PUD Annual Monitoring Report Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found the developed portions of the PUD to be relatively free of nuisance exotic vegetation. Several large Brazilian pepper trees are located on the west side of the PUD near Whippoorwill Lane. The on-site sewage treatment plan" has Brazilian pepper and earleaf acacia around the perimeter. All the above mentioned prohibited exotics should be removed at this time. SL/ew/doc: 10139 cc: John Dimartino, Code Compliance COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl Planner II //�� FROM: Stephen Lenberger..i )- Environmental Specialist II DATE: October 26, 1995 RE: Wiggins Lake PUD Monitoring Report Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found moderate to small amounts of prohibited exotic vegetation (Brazilian pepper, melaleuca and Java plum) in the open space areas along the north and east sides of the property. Exotic vegetation (Brazilian pepper, earleaf acacia, women's tongue) is also present in the gopher tortoise preserve in the southeast corner of the site. Most of the exotics are small and could easily be removed at this time. The Wiggins Lake PUD document states that: "A visual barrier of native hardwood trees compatible with the surrounding habitat shall be planted and maintained along both the southern and eastern property limits; each barrier shall commence at the intersection of these boundaries and extend for at least 300 feet to the west and north, respectively. " The gopher tortoise preserve probably satisfies most of this requirement. Code Compliance should probably verify if the requirement has been fully met. The Wiggins Lake PUD document states that: "No construction activity within either the primary or secondary "eagle nest zone of impact limit" (PUD Master Development Plan, submitted August 3, 1987) shall take place during the eagle's critical nesting months; September, October, and November. " At the present time six multi-family dwelling units are under construction within the secondary eagle nesting zone. Code Compliance should contact the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission (FGFWFC) regarding this activity. SL/ew/doc: 10032 cc: Chrono File COMMUN: DEV. AND ENVIRONMENTAL E 3. DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT CURRENT PLANNING SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Martin X. Powers Planner I FROM: Stephen Lenberger/'/. Environmental Specialist II DATE: February 8, 1996 RE: Wilshire Lakes PUD Annual Monitoring Report 1. Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found Brazilian pepper in the conservation area located at the southwest corner of Lowbank Drive and Wilshire Lakes Blvd. All nuisance exotic vegetation should be removed on an annual basis. SL/ew/doc: 10457 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Joe Delate, ASLA Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson ES II DATE: May 19, 1995 RE: Woodside Lanes annual monitoring report During a site visit on May 18th, 1995 staff observed that exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself to a small degree in the perimeter lanscaping. These isolated plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots. The stumps shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the project to be in compliance, the exotic vegetation shall be removed within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino lss\ CURRENT PLANNING MEMORANDUM TO: Ed Kant, Senior Engineer, Transportation Thomas Kuck, P.E. , Manager, Engineering Review Mike McNees, Administrator, Utilities Barbara Burgeson, Environmentalist II FROM: Joseph F. Delate, ASLA, Landscape Architect DATE: May 11, 1995 RE: Woodside Lanes PUD We are in receipt of the annual monitoring report for the Woodside Lanes PUD located in Section 34, Township 49 South, Range 26 East. mit The development order area makes Sof rovision for jurisdictional development lconsiderat nmeand that affect your responsibility. We are taking this opportunity to provide you with a copy of the annual report so that you may avail yourself of the opportunity to determine that provisions of the said development order, with respect to your jurisdictional responsibilities, have been fulfilled or are on a defined time frame for compliance. In the event those related stipulations have been fulfilled, we would appreciate your so advising us so that we can eliminate your review from subsequent annual reports. On the other hand, if there are stipulations that have not been fulfilled and should be fulfilled at this time, given the level of development within the area covered by said development order, then we should also be advised of this lack of compliance. Please advise in written form no later than May 25, 1995 to Joseph F. Delate. cc: Woodside Lanes PUD Short File FOR CURRENT PLANNING USE ONLY Response Dates: Engineering Review 5" Zr� ��pc�,p�=� Transportation rw J Utilities "r Environmentalists - • n P(T3 - rr 3 1 a f 4 1 COI J JER CouvrY GOVERNMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 33942 PLANNING SERVICES (813)643-8400 May 26, 1995 A CERTIFIED BLUE CHIP COMMUNITY Mr. Pat Ciniello Woodside Lanes of Naples 8525 Radio Road Naples, FL 33942 Re : Woodside Lanes P .U. D. Monitoring Dear Mr. Ciniello: Following an annual required review of PUD commitments for this project, staff has analyzed the project and has the following concern. Prohibited exotic vegetation is present on-site. (Please see attached memo) . Please address this issue and call when it is resolved so that staff may reinspect . Your cooperation is greatly appreciated and if you have any questions, please call me or Barbara Burgeson at 643-8400 . Thank you. Sincerel oseph F. Delate Landscape Architect, ASLA, RLA JFD/bk/doc :14452 Attachment COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DiVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Joe Delate, ASLA Project Planner FROM: Barbara S. Burgeson434.13 II DATE: May 19, 1995 RE: Woodside Lanes annual monitoring report During a site visit on May 18th, 1995 staff observed that exotic vegetation has been allowed to re-establish itself to a small degree in the perimeter lanscaping. These isolated plants shall either be completely removed or cut off at the ground leaving only the stump and roots. The stumps shall be chemically treated with a painted application of an approved herbicide. The other alternative would be to poison the plants in-situ with an approved method and herbicide. For the project to be in compliance, the exotic vegetation shall be removed within thirty days. BSB/doc: 601 cc: John DiMartino COMNJNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES 1IVISION PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION MEMORANDUM TO: Fred Reischl Planner II FROM: Stephen LenbergerJ;� Environmental Specialist II DATE: November 7 , 1995 RE: Wyndemere PUD Annual Monitoring Report RECOMMENDATION: Staff conducted a site visit of the subject property and found prohibited exotic vegetation (Brazilian pepper, melaleuca) firmly established in the open space areas in the northwest portion of the property. The pond apple preserve also contains a significant amount of exotic vegetation. The property owners need to implement a management plan to control exotics. This management plan should be reviewed and approved by Collier County Code Compliance. SL/ew/doc: 10082 cc: John DiMartino, Code Compliance Chrono File IIA _ _. COLLIER, COUNTY GOVERNMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIVISION 2800 NORTH HORSESHOE DRIVE PLANNING & TECHNICAL SERVICES SECTION NAPLES, FL 33942 (813)643-8400 April 19, 1995 A CERTIFIED BLUE CHIP COMMUNITY Alan Reynolds Wilson, Miller, Barton & Peek Inc . 3200 Bailey Lane, Suite 200 Naples, FL 33942 RE: Exotic removal requirements Dear Mr. Reynolds : You recently submitted a letter to Mr. Robert Mulhere stating that it was your belief that the removal of exotics from the Wyndemere golf course and preserve areas was not required at the time of its development or in the future. It was your understanding that at the time the golf course was constructed (in 1981) there were no ordinances in Collier County requiring exotic vegetation removal . Mr. Mulhere asked that I research this and respond to you regarding this matter. The Wyndemere PUD was approved by the Board of County Commissioners on October 23, 1979 and was filed with the Secretary of State' s Office on October 30, 1979 . On September 25, 1979 the Collier County Board of County Commissioners approved and adopted Ordinance 79-73 amending Ordinance 76-30 (the zoning ordinance) requiring exotic vegetation removal This Ordinance was filed with the State on October 1, 1979 . Ordinance 79-73 is attached for your reference . Since the Wyndemere PUD is silent to the issue of exotic vegetation the zoning ordinance in effect at that time is applicable . Ordinance 79-73 amending ordinance 76-30 stated, " . . . Removal of exotics shall be required during the initial clearing of each development phase or phases. . . " . Therefor it is staffs contention that the Wyndemere PUD shall be required to remove all exotics from its property boundaries during each phase of development . Any area that has not already been cleared of exotics shall come into compliance by removing all exotics within a reasonable time frame . The homeowners association may propose a time frame which is amenable to them, preferably between six months and one year. Sincerely, 73 `e^ Barbara S . Burgeson Environmental Specialist II Attachment cc : Robert Mulhere, Planning and Technical Services Section Manager Mike Kirby, Acting Code Enforcement Supervisor Wyndemere PUD File • • ORDINANCE 79 - 73 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING ORDINANCE 76-30, THE COMPREHENSIVE ZONING,REGU- LATION FOR THE UNINCORPORATED`,=AREA ,•• - OF THE COASTAL AREA PLANNING;; RIS- •- TRICT BY AMENDING SECTION 8 - .SUP- - • PLEMENTARY DISTRICT REGULATIONS ay - ADDING A NEW PARAGRAPH 25 - EXOTtCS - AND BY PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE; -- r. WHEREAS, the Environmental Advisory Council p'etltionethe u Board of County Commissioners to amend the Zoning Ordinance 76-30; - NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Board of County S Commissioners of Collier County, Florida: • • SECTION ONE: The Zoning Ordinance 76-30 Is hereby amended by • a amending Section 8 - Supplementary District Regulations by adding a X. new Paragraph 25 - Exotics - to read as follows: c 25. Exotics - Brazilian pepper (Schlnus terebinthifollus) -and Melaleuca (Melaleuca leucedendra), hereinafter referred to as exotics, interrupt the natural vegetation succession in Collier z County and eliminate such species as cypress, slash pin* and v -- mangroves. 0' A. Removal of Exotics: It shall be unlawful for any person, developer, organization, society or association, except as herein- c after exempted or excepted, to improve any lands without first o -- removing any and all "exotics' occupying such lands. Removal of '• exotics shall be required during the initial clearing of each devel o opment phase or phases. Verification of such removal shall be to - the satisfaction of the Director. - B. Sale, Planting and Transportation of Live Exotics: it - shall - be unlawful for any person, organization, society or association to engage In the sale, planting or Inter-county transportation of:live R : - exotics and seeds thereof. o - —, ' C. Exemptions: No verification or removal of exotics stgill,be `•L required for the following: v. ' ' r (1) Lands presently zoned and platted for or being u4ed as 'o a conforming or non-conforming single family resl¢eential c--_r-1-3. _ (2) Agriculturally zoned lands. 144 SECTION TWO: This Ordinance shall become effective upon notice that it has been s C. received by the Secretary of State. a. - V ..)AYfd;,September 25, 1979 BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COLLIE'• COUNTY, FLORIDA ATT ES BY: Al__ —A/ WILL . 'J AG N,A RK David . Doc' Brown, //....guarOr,' Chairman •Bv: .. rnr �J „IIr I _ .- - - .-.....,.. - . • MLL/Igf/9-A Planning Dept. b03s 010 ,,SE124 9/25/79 _-` r = . � 1 1 _ �e ,may -t--1-- : -. i r • • • STATE OFIFI;ORIDA ) COUNTY OFICOILIER ) I, WILLIAM J. REAGAN, Clerk of Courts in and for the Twentieth Judicial Circuit, Collier County, Florida, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true original of• ORDINANCE NO. 79-73 • which was adopted by the Board of County Commissioners during Regular Session September 25, 1979. WITNESS my hand and the official seal of the Board of County • Commissioners of Collier County, Florida, this 25th day of September, 1979. WILLIAM J. REAGAN Clerk of Courts and Clerk Ex-officio to Board of County Commissioners • rg n � -gr •/•.• Deputy lerk •.' . :7• V� • • • 603s 010 r 12.5 6,,,f41-71/> WILSON, MILLER, BARTON & PEEK, INC. Engineers,Planners, Surveyors,Landscape Architects& Environmental Consultants ® Wilson Professional Center,Suite 200,3200 Bailey Lane at Airport Road,Naples,Florida 33942•(813)649-4040 Fax(813)643-5716 April 11, 1995 Mr. Robert Mulhere Manager, Current Planning Section Development Services Department 2800 North Horseshoe Drive Naples, FL 33942 Re: Wyndemere PUD Dear Bob: The Wyndemere PUD was approved by the Board of County Commissioners in 1979 (Ordinance #79-81). Subsequent amendments have been adopted including ordinance numbers 81-29, 84-66, and 87-86. Ordinance 87-86 was approved with four environmental conditions added. These stipulations were standard additions to PUD's by the environmental department during this timeframe. The particular environmental condition we are requesting an interpretation of is: "All exotic plants, as defined in the County Code, shall be removed during each - phase of construction from development areas, open space areas, and preserve areas. Following site development a maintenance program shall be implemented to prevent reinvasion of the site by such exotic species. This plan, which will describe control techniques and inspection intervals, shall be filed with and approved by the Natural Resources Management Department and the Community Development Division." The golf course, country club and golf course maintenance area for Wyndemere were constructed in 1981. At this time, the official PUD document for the project did not contain any environmental stipulations regarding the removal of exotic species nor was there any County ordinance that required exotic vegetation removal to the best of our knowledge. The above stipulation states that exotic plants shall be removed during each phase of construction. The golf course/country club development "phase" had already passed; therefore, this stipulation was not intended to pertain to the golf course area nor to the preserve area located in the northwest corner of the project near the maintenance area. The residential areas located near this reserve area were also developed between 1981 and 1987, prior to adoption of the amending ordinance. 4/11/95-0132\0005.mcp Naples Fort Myers Sarasota (813)649-4040 (813)939-1020 (813)371-3690 Fax(813)643-5716 Fax(813)939-7479 Fax(813)377-9852 WILSON • MILLER • BARTON & PEEK, Mr. Robert Mulhere April 11, 1995 Page 2 It is our contention that the removal of exotic vegetation from the Wyndemere golf course and preserve areas was not required at the time of development of these areas and that it will not be required in the future pursuant to current County ordinances and regulations. We would appreciate a written response from you addressing this matter. Thank you for your assistance. Sincerely yours, WILSON, MILLER, BARTON & PEEK, INC. • Alan D. Reynolds, AICP Senior Vice President 4/11/95-0132\0005.mcp uo/u6/00 18:14 FAX el 01 "Invaders from Earth..." Background: State statutes & regulations Collier County's GNP &LDC City of Naples GMP & ordinances T �i oO Literature Search: Sustainable South Florida Ift m Strategic Regional Policy Plan x § 7, tix Professional Documents Other counties & communities -t Enforcement: Who does it? �' How often? m 3 Motivated only by complaints? -vsW What is record? 7,:f Is there followup? Track record Specific Concerns: PUD's Conservation Areas County & City lands Mitigation lands Which Exotics & What/Are The Problems in Collier County: Policy Recommendations: Evaluate current restrictions 84 enforcement Suggestions for strengthening & how done Sources of funding priority list of target areas 1 of 1 rr' 74# 4 NOXIOUS EXOTIC PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee Report (DRAFT--12/4/96) December, 1996 Exotic Plant Subcommittee: Chuck Ray, Chairman Bradley Cornell Nancy Payton Staff Liaison: Kimberly Polen ***PLEASE NOTE: This is an updated version of the report from what EPTAB received in November. Please review,for Monday's board meeting. If this fax is not clear, please call Brad Cornell at work--597- 1111, or at home--592-7805. Thanks very much. I. Introduction: Overview of a Problem "The uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing southwest Florida today." That is the concensus of many of Florida's prominent biologists from government, academia and industry. This paper was developed in response to an ecological problem of unparalleled significance and danger to the natural ecology of south Florida, and in particular Collier County. Exotic plants are changing the face of south Florida. They have displaced highly valued mangrove trees along miles of shoreline. They have altered thousands of acres of habitat including that of the Florida panther, black bear and other threatened and endangered species. They cause human suffering by inducing allergic reactions, pose great fire hazards, and they cost our citizens millions of dollars every year. If left unchecked, Florida's multi-billion dollar tourism industry will suffer increasingly significant erosion. The problem becomes more critical every day. It has been calculated that melaleuca(melaleuca quinquenervia) trees invade another 50 acres every day(Plunkett, 1994). Others suggest far greater amounts. It is imperative that collierOunty and its citizens participate in the control of this menace. The Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida provides excellent background on the extent and serious nature of this species' invasion(Governor's Commission, 1995, pp. 78-82). The predominant source for all these noxious weeds is the commercial importation of exotic plants(Center, 1995). We in Collier County must address both this source and the resultant symptoms of previous failures to screen out invasive plants. The Florida Cooperative Extension Service has proposed that"it is the responsibility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecological damage to native ecosystems"(IFAS circular 868). The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board(EPTAB)concurs with that position and accepts the inherent requirement"to do something about it". Consistent with that responsibility, EPTAB undertook this project to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County, to evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control exotics, and to consider measures that might enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. II. The Plants Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia, South America and other continents, and are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. A very important source of exotics is the volume of imported plants for commercial uses--over 456 million in 1993 alone(80%through Port of Miami)(Center, 1995). The Exotic Pest Plant Council's current list of Florida's most invasive exotic plants includes 116 species as testament to the inadequacy of the importation screening process. Melaleuca (Ilaleuca quinquenervia) in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native tree islands, sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited wildlife value and reduce species diversity by as much as 60-80% (Center, 1995). They are known to impact a number of endangered or threatened species including Florida panther, wood stork, Big Cypress fox squirrel and others. The loss of more than 28 square miles of habitat per year is one of great significance to wildlife. Melaleuca has been most critical to control where outliers exist(not the monocultures). This is where the species spreads the fastest(Mel. Mgmt. Plan, 1994). Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics, especially Brazilian pepper (Shines terebinthifolius). This plant is in the same family as poison oak and poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred to as Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment such imports are free of predators, natural enemies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out-compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier county by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way, agricultural lands, undeveloped areas and older subdivisions. Infestations appear to commence along roads and other rights of way at field margins and in other areas where native plant communities have been disturbed by earth moving. From that foothold, they spread to the interiors of unused lands. Australian pines (Casuarina spp.) grow quickly to perhaps 50 feet in ten years, and 100 feet by the age of 20. A steady rain of seed from the original colonizer creates a carpet of seedlings under the canopy. The sprouting plants are just about the only ones able to survive in the darkened and chemically altered environment. A great example of this takeover is what should be one of the Naples area's environmental showplaces, Keywaydin Island. From a boat on the Intercoastal Waterway between Naples and Marco Island you will see no a show place anchored by mangroves, one of our most important native plants, but instead miles of shoreline where mangroves have been crowded out by Australian pines. Some other less well-known, but potentially harmful invasive species are earleaf acacia (Acacia t auriculaformis), woman's tongue (Albizia lebbeck), downy rosemyrtle (Rhodomyrtus I ` r vL --1 tomentosus), java plum(Syzgium cumini`), and catclaw mimosa (Mimosa pigra). They are ((.1______--- ✓Ki2i�lfr /15%_.- lesser known only to a complacent population; to even the amateur ecologist they are symbols of a icm �. �,o1uet fc� scourge. Yet many of these exotics are to be seen as valued specimens in yards of our"upscale sub-divisions". �� 0 Aquatic species, including water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes) and hydrilla (Hydrilla ,,� verticillate) cause great damage to navigation and drainage as well as reduce biodiversity and c l",M ��r e oxygen levels in water. Appendix A lists and describes the most serious of invasive species, The i y6 present county list of prohibited species should be expanded to include several others just becoming recognized as potentially serious problems. The heavily used asparagus fern, al, 4 groundeever-wedelia, carrot1wood, laurel�� fig, ai etato-and el-imbing-fern.are just a few examples. f"}oh� +^,-c s a,iIt w\ 1r ax'Aib tiec III. Economic, Health and Safety Impacts ri The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measuring, and every citizen pays part of the cost. Current County budgets include $80,000 for exotic removal and control in clam Bay alone. County Stormwater Management Department is responsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549,400 for removal of exotics because the plants are partly the cause of widespread flooding and degraded water quality. In addition, Collier County enjoys great economic benefits from the eco-tourism industry (birdwatching, fishing, canoeing, tours, hunting, hiking, etc.). Accordingly, exotics' environmental degradation will severely impact our local economy's health, if not controlled. Exotics add to the cost of nearly every new dwelling here. Each building permit requires that all prohibited exotic plants be removed from the site prior to the County issuing a Certificate of Occupancy. In the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pine stands, the cost can run to many thousands of dollars. For the builder of a modest home in Golden Gate Estates, the cost of clearing is a major consideration. It is important in the selection of a homesite, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Also,melaleuca groves are a fire hazard. The leaves contain an oily substance which burns fiercely once ignited, and often spreads to the structures which they surround. Several of the plants constitute health hazards. Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irritant. Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy and has the same effects on many people. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures, the U.S. Departments of Interior and Agriculture, Florida State Parks& Recreation, Forestry and the South Florida Water Management District and other entities annually spend huge sums on exotics control. The State currently spends more than$2.2 million on melaleuca control alone, and the South Florida Water Management District spent$1.4 million on melaleuca control in their Water conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal, State and local agencies spent nearly$10 million dollars on melaleuca control over the past ten years. The costs of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at$168.6 million dollars per year(Mel. Mgmt. Plan). An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statement submitted when melaleuca was added to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant List(Diamond, Davis and Schmitz). IV. On Paper: Regulations, Codes and Reviews Used in Collier County Overview of Collier County Exotic Plant Regulations: More than 25 years ago Collier County officals recognized that several introduced plants were becoming a serious threat to native habitats. The first official salvo in the war against invasive exotics occurred in June, 1975 (ORD #75-21)when the County passed an ordinance eliminating the permit fees for the removal of Australian pinknielaleuca;jtnd Brazilian pepper:) Sia 1971 — 6F017--1 4 Mc c M In 1982 significant ordinances were enacted to control the spread of noxious exotic plants. Australian pine, melaleuca, Brazilian pepper, paper mulberry, earleaf acacia, and chinaberry tree could not be used to meet lanscape requirements (ORD #82-2). Brazilian pepper and melaleuca (ORD #82-37) were required to be cleared from the property during the development phase. The requirement was well s tended, but failed to consider rein sio. of the i • . In 1989 amendments were passed mandating a maintenance programs including control techniques be developed, approved by the county, and implemented through the Planned Unit Development (PUD) section(ORD #89-49) and the Site Mans Pine Plan(SMP) section(ORD #89-43). N 4 e l'\ , Despite the above efforts, noxious exotics continued their invasion of Collier County's native habitats. Amendments in 1991 (Land Development Code, ORD#91-102) attempted to limit the impact growing unimproved lad common areas, rights-of-way, and easements could have improved or developed property(required by ordinance to be noxious exotic-free). Also recognizing the importance of native species, the 1991 amendments protected native vegetation during the removal of exotics. In 1996, amendments adopted, and being considered (see the revised Litter, Weeds and Exotics Ordinance) strengthen the ordinances pertaining to exotics on rights-of-ways and all easements on improved property within subdivisions as well as unimproved properties abutting improved properties. Also the list of prohibited exotics has been expanded to now include Australian pine, melaleuca, Brazilian pepper, earleaf cacia, catclaw mimosa, Java plum, downy rosem e, and women's tongue) I&j e I.e.(.0 i (A.i r F v tcja r d cit rn 6 V[ e v"✓t. For a complete history of Collier County's exotic plant regulations, please see the chart in the appendix. Development review process outlined: As detailed by Mike Kirby, former Environmental Compliance Investigator for Collier County's Code Enforcement section, and Clyde Fugate and John DiMartino in Engineering Inspections, a series of inspections by engineering and code enforcement representatives is used to ensure exotics removal on developed property, both public and private. In all cases, developed properties are to be maintained exotics-free in perpetuity. For new subdivisions, all prohibited exotics are required to be removed before acceptance is given. A bond is posted and accepted by Collier County and engineering inspections are done for all subdivision improvements. Exotics must be removed in all rights-of-way, preserves, common areas, and water management areas. Inspections occur for preliminary approval and again for final acceptance, and then periodic follow-up inspections until the planned unit development (PUD)phase is built out. Annual PUD monitoring reports are filed which should reflect the findings of the follow-up inspections--exotics are now part of the monitoring. Once final acceptance has been given, an exotics management plan must be filed with the County and responsibility is transferred from the developer to the subdivision homeowners' association. For site development plan projects, within the above subdivsions, an exotics removal inspection is required before any certificates of occupancy are issued. For single family lots, there is an exotics removal inspection line right on the engineering inspection ticket(which there is not on larger projects' tickets). No certificate of occupancy is issued until inspection verifies exotics removal compliance. ,7 Code compliance operations: Once a project has been accepted or a certificate of occupancy veil issued, individual property owners become responsible for maintaining their lots exotics-free. The Code Enforcement staff ensure compliance through violations noted on monitoring reports, and on `,i,,6�' citizen complaints called in. Routine, programmatic inspections are to be done of all accepted (71/4. projects. When violations occur on subdivisions,1ne year is given for removing the exotics. Other exotics violations are pursued through the letter notification process. If no results, then the County places a lien on the property and removes the vegetation. At this time, most liens are not foreclosed on, and when collection does occur the money is directed to the County's general funds rather than code enforcement operations. V. In Practice: EPTAB/Staff Inspections With advice and assistance by Natural Resource Department scientists, EPTAB selected a number of residential, commercial and public projects for evaluation. Removal of exotics appears to be complete in the majority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately, follow-up often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Also, during the last seven years there have been many citizen inquiries regarding prohibited exotic plant maintenance and control, but there have not been any routinely scheduled re-inspections after project completions. For a complete account of both public and private projects inspected, please refer to appendix. Public Areas: - . • . •' . - • . — _ ._-_- _. -_--- East Naples Community Park, Veterans Community Park and Barefoot Beach Park all have serious infestations of exotics; some road and canal rights-of-way are also seriously infested, although most rights-of-way are clear. Those less traveled usually are the most seriously impacted. However, the problem has reached advanced stages along several major arterials. Along Vanderbilt Drive, between Bluebill Avenue and Wiggins Pass Road, the mangroves, buttonwoods and other salt tolerating trees and understory have been replaced by Brazilian pepper and Australian pine. Private Areas: Environmental specialists with the Planning Services Section provided the Natural Resources staff with environmental assessments of 13 Planned Unit Developments(PUD's). Only five of the PUD's, which were evaluated by staff from May, 1995 through March, 1996, did not have any prohibited exotic plants present. Procedurally, the inspection documentation process for larger developments does not adequately track exotics removal and is successful only because indivianal staff axe knowl proficient. County-wide exotics removal and follow- ..-- ' up •ocumen anon should be used on all projects andases. There also are problems in the efficiency of record retrieval for both staff and the public. Grandfathered, older subdivisions pose an enforcement problem, as do the vast expanses of the Golden Gate Estates. Many areas were created prior to ordinances prohibiting exotic plants which harbor a great deal of exotic plant material, often used for landscaping. Right now there is r•••. \ no mechanism to control spreading or provide for removal of exotics until such time as existing structures are substantially improved, or on a complaint basis. Marco Island, Pine Ridge, Lely and Port Royal are just a few examples of the problem. There should be extra incentive to eradicate melaleuca in the more rural areas of the estates where these trees pose not only threats to the significant native habitats there, but also threats to the health and safety of those residents due to intense fire hazard. Conclusions on Local Regulatory Tools: Collier County has basically very progressive and potentially effective rules to help eradicate pest plants locally. The County should continue to update its list of prohibited species, but should do so in coordination with the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council's List of Florida's Most Invasive Species(EPPC, annually updated). Bow e • -sent and newl revised versions o - _itter, Weeds and E o 'c /..t inance are not fully e p -. • - -,' - • • . -.• i • ant situation here. Either�____ase to ordinance should target this subj�ct. or the exotics- +- ' �� r . 'ied• The problem is most acute in areas like Golden Gate Estates. Exemptions of certain areas from exotic removal requirements, and the lack of education and assistance are problems. The unsatisfactory state of maintenance on properties which should be exotics-free, as evidenced in the recent EPTAB/Staff inspections, indicate Collier County needs to improve its follow-up inspection process. Since projects are generally complying at the outset, it seems to fall to Code Compliance to beef up their monitoring and complaint response procedures. At present, all complaints cannot be acted upon, and no systematic monitoring takes place anywhere. Current staffing appears to be inadequate for this task, and education and volunteer utilization could offer tremendous help. Because of the great expense of enforcement actions and actual clearing, both public and private local agencies must better educate and involve the citizenry(including themselves)in control efforts. Volunteer programs involving county-wide code-comliance monitoring, removal assistance(technical advice and help, labor, possible financial), and obtaining grant money directed toward these goals should be pursued. While regulatory requirements are necessary, the disproportionately great expense required of single family home owners demands that flexibility plus more incentives and assistance be utilized in eradicating a difficult problem in Collier County. VI. Management Strategies in Collier County This is"where the rubber meets the road". A summary of control methods currently in use in Collier County will lead to some policy recommendations in this area. Also, considerable attention has been paid to economic utilization of some of these species, especially melaleuca, to help provide incentive to harvest and thereby control their spread. An unfortunately short list of practical options will be noted below. Controls Available: Exotic plants are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1)biological control, 2)mechanical control, 3)physical control, or 4)herbicidal control(Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects, pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. Without bio-controls, it is difficult to see how well-established species like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper could ever be subdued. There are too many acres of them. For example, Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft. Lauderdale reports that an insect will be released before 1997 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees, but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. Bio-control is still very much in the developmental stages for Florida's most troublesome species, but it is probably the most important in the long term. It must be emphasized that every effort be made to ensure any bio-control agent does not produce another exotics invasion problem. In spite of that risk, there is a critical need for better research facilities, in particular for quarantine operations, and for dedicated funding of USDA's Australian research station. Mechanical controls are those which"harvest"the plant by hand tools or machinery. This method can be very effective when used with at least one other control --especially herbicidal follow-up. Except where commercial scale harvesting is involved, this method is limited in effectiveness to small, emergent areas of infestation. Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. This is now being used extensively in the Big Cypress National Preserve with success. Fire is introduced at the proper time of year after either mechanical or herbicidal treatment induces a seed release, thus killing both mature and seedling melaleucas. This method has limited application because of the need for large areas, and proper timing of flooding or fire is very difficult. Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. Care must be taken during application to avoid impacting the native vegetation adjacent to treatment areas. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. Herbicides are best used before a species is rampantly out of control. Because its greatest invasive threat comes from widely distributed sporadic outliers and not dense monocultures, labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca where it is found as individual outliers because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilian pepper is best managed by foliar treatments, or mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with herbicide. Aquatic exotics are currently controlled mostly with herbicidal applications. All treatment operations require vigilant follow-up to ensure long term effectiveness. In all cases, the greatest expense involved in controlling exotics is the labor cost. This is why ultimately some form of broad area, perpetual treatment will be required for control of well-rooted species like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper. That is biological control. Utilization and Exploitation Over the years, very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While many uses have been identified, only a couple are feasible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch, with one company in Ft. Myers doing about$6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation. The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Unfortunately, Florida's melaleuca quinquenervia is not an acceptable source of medicinal teatree oil, which comes from m. alternafolia. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts Bruce McNall, of the County Stormwater Management Dept, is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility(about 278 miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper, downy rosemyrtle, Australian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth, hydrilla, and torpedo grass. The program has been motivated chiefly by the need for unimpeded flood control functions of these canals, and the results thus far appear positive. One note of caution is that herbicidal control of aquatic weeds in our canals, where the exotics problem is the worst, can cause trouble if the volume of plant material is so great that their death creates a large fish kill. Appropriate use of mechanical harvesting and adjusting the frequency of spraying can minimize this hazard. Management Summary There is hope of developing better control methods such as biological controls in the near future, and Collier County should support this research in every way possible. Also, tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign and more economical. Success requires technical and economical feasibility, as well as health, safety and ecological assurances. In the meantime, battles must be chosen appropriately with the short- term tools currently at hand--herbicidal, mechanical and physical methods. Continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control is a critical factor in both the development and implementation of the best comprehensive control strategies. This includes the effective dissemination of this information, along with providing all the economic incentives possible, to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. Management is achieved through both prevention and cure. Thus we must not only control species already escaped from cultivation, but recognize the dangers from all potentially invasive exotics. History and the present condition of the natural landscape prove this has not been done well in the past. VII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Collier County has not been spared the onslaught of a literal army of invasive exotic plants quickly spreading throughout the entire state of Florida. These plants, most notably including melaleuca, Brazilian pepper and Australian pine (although the list goes on to a minimum of 116 species), threaten the health, safety and economic well-being of our citizens, and are exacting a humbling toll on every one of our unique natural ecosystems. The County has many of the basic tools it needs to combat these intruders, but it lacks much of the awareness and public education required for a truly cooperative effort from all of its citizens. Indeed, such cooperation and knowledge are requirements for mounting any credible campaign to control this pervasive problem. Complacency will only result in further degradation and expense in the long run. While the bulk of the acreages are being addressed by state and federal agencies, there is still a Herculean task left to the local level. Recognizing the threat posed by small colonies of outlier invasive plants brings urgency to our efforts to control exotics everywhere we have jurisdiction. In such a naturally rich area as Collier County, there are many environmental, social and economic issues which demand our attention. Without lessening the importance of any of those, EPTAB feels control of our exotic plant problems is worthy of our most sincere efforts. There are many ways in which a great deal can be accomplished at minimal extra expense. It will, however, require dedication and considerable community-wide work. 1. Coordination should occur with all entities working on this problem: USDA, SFWMD, Lee County, Dade County, restoration efforts for the Everglades, the Cooperative Extension Service and the Univ. of Florida/IFAS, the National Park Service and all South Florida units-- especially the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park, USACOE, environmental organizations and other private entities, and the Exotic Pest Plant Council(Collier County should become a member of this non-profit group). 2. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money, or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the issue. In particular, the USDA's research station in Australia currently needs dedicated funding of approximately $250,000/year. Also, there is a strong need for a large quarantine facility here in Florida to make bio-control research possible. While Congress has approved the concept of such a facility, they did not fund it. The government, private organizations and citizens of Collier County should lobby for the appropriation of these funds(total of approximately $4 million for an already designed facility). There may be some opportunity to link such a facility with the new Florida Gulf Coast University and this possibility should be explored. 3. Improve local enforcement of all regulations aimed at controlling exotics here in Collier County. This includes the following: a. Engage more code enforcement personnel to allow for monitoring the entire county systematically, not only on a complaint basis. b. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the / code enforcement budget, not the general budget. .X G;-�i C 1 a PA, f c. Improve the inspection system so that there are better uniform records of inspections, and the s stem will be independent of any one individual's knowledge. 1 1.&-. —I- 1'C k ,Q,-2, 7C.‹ , , ee me-evil /67 _ r I d. Public inspection records need to be better organized and accessible to all, including the public and all staff. e. Clarify and ensure that exotics management plans get incorporated into homeowners' associations charters when they assume public area responsibilities from the developer. f. Improve follow-up inspection process for code enforcement(will require more staff time). 4. Public education is essential. We must show our population how to recognize exotics, and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause, as well as how best to get rid of them. EPTAB supports mounting a campaign to familiarize all with ordinances, eradication methods and options, sources for assistance, identification, etc. This could be initiated by the County, but coordinated with local media and civic organizations, and/or an education initiative could be cooperatively pursued with another agency such as the Exotic Pest Plant Council. Perhaps public areas and Parks and Recreation maintenance staff could be trained to recognize noxious species in order to assist removing any easily pulled outlying saplings, or just assist monitoring. The public must also be informed of the depressing effect exotics have on real estate values--such information ought to be part of the disclosure process. 5. Volunteer help needed. Every effort should be made to encourage volunteer help with any reasonable aspect of exotics control, from county-wide clearing projects to follow-up monitoring assistance(organized"complaint" system of monitoring). Naples"Melaleuca Day"and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer efforts. This also provides great educational value. 6. Utilization of"harvest"and incentives for removal must be encouraged. Melaleuca in particular has been demonstrated to be economically feasible to harvest for making landscape mulch. This reduces the cost of removal and provides incentives as well. Other uses should be pursued as research makes them available, and economic incentives to eradicate, apart from or in addition to regulatory requirements, must be provided for private landowners. This has been a problem in older developed areas where exotics removal was not initially required. - a. Subsidized tipping fees for exotics debris. / % b. Tax credits for voluntary clearing and maintenance of private property. c. Encourage melaleuca mulch over cypress on private/property, and-require it on all public projects' A tax on cypress mulch might help fund some eradication efforts while providing incentive to use melaleuca. d. Enforce exotics removal when remodeling cost exceeds 50%of house value. e. Consider requiring removal anytime a property changes hands. (Allowing the presence of exotics to figure in real estate market value provides incentive to remove.) f. Consider adding the EPPC's 30 or so Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the removal list, in the Land Development Code. g. Establish a homeowner assistance program, especially for residents of Golden Gate Estates to help either financially or technically with exotics removal. A the same time, do not exempt such areas from exotics prohibitions(such as found in the Litter, Weed and Exotics Ordinance.) h. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere within the county(i.e. Clam Bay). Post-removal monitoring of vegetative regrowth is an absolute minimum. 7. Collier County must aggressively remove exotics and maintain its own properties as an example, if not to conform with its own regulations. As noted above, County maintenance staff could be trained to recognize exotics to assist with removal and monitoring. 8. Actively seek funding sources for eradication efforts. This includes application for grants from all sources, and solicitation of labor assistance, either through intern programs like Americorps and college research projects, or through outright volunteers. Labor costs are the biggest expense in eradication. Volunteers should also be used to assist monitoring efforts, as happens now with other code enforcement areas. 9. Adopt a specific exotics ordinance, or clarify the exotic plants sections of the present Litter, Weeds and Exotics Ordinance to more effectively address problems outside of new construction. In particular, policies must be comprehensive(avoid exemptions)and provide for incentives, options, flexibility, assistance to homeowners and better education on the issues. 10. Establish an Exotics Information/Assistance Hotline as part of the education initiative. Collier citizens would receive assistance with eradication efforts and thus help avoid costly mistakes committed without good information. Such a service could be done by local government, and/or coordinated with another agency such as the Co-operative Extension Service, or the Exotic Pest Plant Council. 11/18/96 11:45 FAX 941 643 5130 FL WILDLIFE FED _ al 1)1 r<,a Overview of Collier County • Exotic Plant Regulations More than 25 years ago Collier County officials recognized that several introduced plants were becoming a serious threat to the native habitats. The first official salvo in the war against invasive exotics occurred in June 1975 (ORD #75-21)when Collier County passed an ordinance eliminating the permit fees for the removal of Australian Pine, Melaleuca, and Bra i1ian Pepper. In 1982 significant ordinances were enacted to control the spread of noxious exotic plants. Australian Pine, Melaleuca, Brazilian Pepper, Paper Mulberry, Earleaf Acacia, and Chinaberry Tree could not be used to be landscape requirements (ORD#82-2). Brazilian Pepper and Melaleuca (ORD #82-37) were required to be cleared from the property during the development phase. The requirement was well-intended, but failed to consider reinvasion of the property. In 1989 amendments were passed mandating that maintenance programs including control techniques be developed, approved by the county, and implemented through the Planned Urban Development (PUD) section (ORD #89-49) and the Site Management Plan (SMP) section(ORD#89- 43). Despite the above efforts, noxious exotics continued their invasion of Collier County's native habitats. Amendments in 1991 attempted to limit the impact that noxious exotics growing on unimproved land, common areas,rights-of-way, and easements could have on improved or developed property (required by ordinance to be noxious exotic-free). Also recognizing the importance of native species, the 1991 amendments protected native vegetation during the removal of exotics. In 1996, amendments were adopted that strengthened the ordinances pertaining to exotics on rights-of-ways and all easements on improved property within subdivisions as well as unimproved properties abutting improved properties. Also the list of noxious exotics was expanded to include (Brad, l do not have the final list). For a complete history of Collier County's exotic plant regulations, please see Appendix , Chart of the County's Exotic Plant Regulations (1975 . 1996). For the current list of prohibited exotic plants in Collier County, see Appendix . ### Li III. Economic, Health and Safety Impacts The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measuring, and every citizen pays part of the cost. Current County budgets include $80,000 for exotic removal and control in clam Bay alone. County Stormwater Management Department is responsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549,400 for removal of exotics because the plants are partly the cause of widespread flooding and degraded water quality. In addition, Collier County enjoys great economic benefits from the eco-tourism industry (birdwatching, fishing, canoeing,tours, hunting, hiking, etc.). Accordingly, exotics' environmental degradation will severely impact our local economy's health, if not controlled. Exotics add to the cost of nearly every new dwelling here. Each building permit requires that all prohibited exotic plants be removed from the site prior to the County issuing a Certificate of Occupancy. In the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pine stands, the cost can run to many thousands of dollars. For the builder of a modest home in Golden Gate Estates, the cost of clearing is a major consideration. It is important in the selection of a homesite, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Also, melaleuca groves are a fire hazard. The leaves contain an oily substance which burns fiercely once ignited, and often spreads to the structures which they surround. Several of the plants constitute health hazards. Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irritant. Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy and has the same effects on many people. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures, the U.S. Departments of Interior and Agriculture, Florida State Parks& Recreation, Forestry and the South Florida Water Management District and other entities annually spend huge sums on exotics control. The State currently spends more than $2.2 million on melaleuca control alone, and the South Florida Water Management District spent $1.4 million on melaleuca control in their Water conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal, State and local agencies spent nearly$10 million dollars on melaleuca control over the past ten years. The costs of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at $168.6 million dollars per year(Mel. Mgmt. Plan). An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statement submitted when melaleuca was added to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant List(Diamond, Davis and Schmitz). IV.On Paper: Regulations, Codes and Reviews Used in Collier County [---County regs summarized] The Board of County Commissioners, through its various agencies, has enacted a number of ordinances and procedures intended to limit the spread of prohibited 3 Melaleuca (melaleuca quinquenervia) in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native tree islands, sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited wildlife value and reduce species diversity by as much as 60-80% (Center, 1995). They are known to impact a number of endangered or threatened species including Florida panther, wood stork,Big Cypress fox squirrel and others. The loss of more than 28 square miles of habitat per year is one of great significance to wildlife. Melaleuca has been most critical to control where outliers exist(not the monocultures). This is where the species spreads the fastest(Mel. Mgmt. Plan, 1994). Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics, especially Brazilian pepper (Shinus terebinthifolius). This plant is in the same family as poison oak and poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred to as Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment such imports are free of predators, natural enemies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out-compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier county by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way, agricultural lands, undeveloped areas and older subdivisions. Infestations appear to commence along roads and other rights of way at field margins and in other areas where native plant communities have been disturbed by earth moving. From that foothold,they spread to the interiors of unused lands. Australian pines(Casuarina spp.) grow quickly to perhaps 50 feet in ten years,and 100 feet by the age of 20. A steady rain of seed from the original colonizer creates a carpet of seedlings under the canopy. The sprouting plants are just about the only ones able to survive in the darkened and chemically altered environment. A great example of this takeover is what should be one of the Naples area's environmental showplaces,Keywaydin Island. From a boat on the Intercoastal Waterway between Naples and Marco Island you will see no a show place anchored by mangroves,one of our most important native plants, but instead miles of shoreline where mangroves have been crowded out by Australian pines. Some other less well known,but potentially harmful invasive species are earleaf acacia (Acacia aurlculiformis), woman's tongue(Albizia lebbeck), downy rosemyrtle(Rhodomyrtus tomentosus),java plum (Syzgium cumin!),and catclaw mimosa (Mimosa pigra). They are lesser known only to a complacent population; to even the amateur ecologist they are symbols of a scourge. Yet many of these exotics are to be seen as valued specimens in yards of our"upscale sub-divisions". Aquatic species, including water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) cause great damage to navigation and drainage as well as reduce biodiversity and oxygen levels in water. Appendix A lists and describes the most serious of invasive species. The present county list of prohibited species should be expanded to include several others just becoming recognized as potentially serious problems. The heavily used asparagus fern, grotmdcover wedelia, carrotwood, laurel fig, air potato and climbing fern are just a few examples. I. Introduction: Overview of a Problem "The uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing southwest Florida today." That is the concensus of many of Florida's prominent biologists from government, academia and industry. This paper was developed in response to an ecological problem of unparalleled significance and danger to the natural ecology of south Florida,and in particular Collier County. Exotic plants are changing the face of south Florida. They have displaced highly valued mangrove trees along miles of shoreline. They have altered thousands of acres of habitat including that of the Florida panther, black bear and other threatened and endangered species. They cause human suffering by inducing allergic reactions, pose great fire hazards, and they cost our citizens millions of dollars every year. If left unchecked,Florida's multi-billion dollar tourism industry will suffer increasingly significant erosion. The problem becomes more critical every day. It has been calculated that melaleuca(melaleuca quinquenervia) trees invade another 50 acres every day(Plunkett, 1994). Others suggest far greater amounts. It is imperative that collier county and its citizens participate in the control of this menace. The Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida provides excellent background on the extent and serious nature of this species' invasion(Governor's Commission, 1995, pp. 78-82). The predominant source for all these noxious weeds is the commercial importation of exotic plants(Center, 1995). We in Collier County must address both this source and the resultant symptoms of previous failures to screen out invasive plants. The Florida Cooperative Extension Service has proposed that"it is the responsibility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecological damage to native ecosystems" (IFAS circular 868). The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board(EPTAB) concurs with that position and accepts the inherent requirement"to do something about it". Consistent with that responsibility,EPTAB undertook this project to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County,to evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control exotics, and to consider measures that might enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. IL The Plants Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia, South America and other continents, and are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. A very important source of exotics is the volume of imported plants for commercial uses --over 456 million in 1993 alone(80%through Port of Miami)(Center, 1995). The Exotic Pest Plant Council's current list of Florida's most invasive exotic plants includes 116 species as testament to the inadequacy of the importation screening process. J exotic plants. the Land Development Code (LDC)and Planned Unit Development(PUD) Ordinances were enacted to ensure the removal of exotics from new subdivisions, planned communities and commercial projects prior to their final approval by County inspectors. The Litter, Weeds and Exotics Ordinance applies to easements, rights-of-way, established subdivisions and miscellaneous situations. Due to limited staff, enforcement usually occurs only in response to complaints. [---Development review process outlined(with respect to exotics control (private/public) * note that grandfathered subdivisions,rights-of-ways, easements are left out unless a complaint is called in.] [---Code compliance operations] V. In Practice: EPTAB/Staff Inspections --Inspection findings(private/public) [see charts and appendices] With advice and assistance by Natural Resource Department scientists,EPTAB selected a number of residential, commercial and public projects for evaluation. Removal of exotics appears to be complete in the majority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately,the follow-up often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Public Areas: Collier County fails to abide by its own ordinances in many of the public projects. East Naples community Park and Barefoot Beach Park both have serious infestations of exotics; some road and canal rights-of-way are also seriously infested, although most rights-of-way are clear. Those less traveled usually are the most seriously impacted. However,the problem has reached advanced stages along several major arterials. Along Vanderbilt Drive, between Bluebill Avenue and Wiggins Pass Road,the mangroves,buttonwoods and other salt tolerating trees and understory have been replaced by Brazilian pepper and Australian pine. Please refer to the list in the appendix of public areas inspected. Private Areas: Environmental specialists with the Planning Services Section provided the Natural Resources staff with environmental assessments of 33 Planned Unit Developments (PUD's). Only five of the PUD's, which were evaluated by staff from May, 1995 through March, 1996, did not have any prohibited exotic plants present. Grandfathered, older subdivisions pose an enforcement problem. There are many areas created prior to ordinances prohibiting exotic plants which harbor a great deal of exotics plant material, often used for landscaping. Right now there is no mechanism to control spreading or provide for removal of exotics until such time as existing structures are substantially improved, or on a complaint basis. Marco Island,Pine Ridge,Lely and Port Royal are just a few examples of the problem. [--Conclusions on dev. review] [--Conclusions on code compliance] VI. Management Strategies in Collier County This is "where the rubber meets the road". A summary of control methods currently in use in Collier County will lead to some policy recommendations in this area. Also, considerable attention has been paid to economic utilization of some of these species, especially melaleuca, to help provide incentive to harvest and thereby control their spread. An unfortunately short list of practical options will be noted below. Controls Available: Exotic plants are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1)biological control, 2) mechanical control, 3)physical control, or 4) herbicidal control(Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects, pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. Without bio-controls, it is difficult to see how well established species like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper could ever be subdued. There are too many acres of them. For example, Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft. Lauderdale reports that an insect will be released before 1997 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees, but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. Bio-control is still very much in the developmental stages for Florida's most troublesome species, but it is probably the most important in the long term. It must be emphasized that every effort be made to ensure any bio- control agent does not produce another exotics invasion problem. In spite of that risk, there is a critical need for better research facilities, in particular for quarantine operations, and for dedicated funding of USDA's Australian research station. Mechanical controls are those which "harvest"the plant by hand tools or machinery. This method can be very effective when used with at least one other control --especially herbicidal follow-up. Except where commercial scale harvesting is involved,this method is limited in effectiveness to small, emergent areas of infestation. Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. This is now being used extensively in the Big Cypress National Preserve with success. Fire is introduced at the proper time of year after either mechanical or herbicidal treatment induces a seed release, thus killing both mature and seedling melaleucas. This method has limited application because of the need for large areas, and proper timing of flooding or fire is very difficult. Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. Care must be taken during application to avoid impacting the native vegetation adjacent to treatment areas. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. Herbicides are best used before a species is rampantly out of control. Because its greatest invasive threat comes from widely distributed sporadic outliers and not dense monocultures, labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca where it is found as individual outliers because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilian pepper is best managed by foliar treatments,or mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with herbicide. Aquatic exotics are currently controlled mostly with herbicidal applications. All treatment operations require vigilant follow-up to ensure long term effectiveness. In all cases,the greatest expense involved in controlling exotics is the labor cost. Utilization and Exploitation Over the years,very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While many uses have been identified,only a couple are feasible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch,with one company in Ft. Myers doing about$6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation. The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Unfortunately, Florida's melaleuca quinquenervia is not an acceptable source of medicinal teatree oil, which comes from m. alternafolia. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts Bruce McNall, of the County Stormwater Management Dept, is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility(about 250 miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper, downy rosemyrtle, Australian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth, hydrilla, and torpedo grass. The program has been motivated chiefly by the need for unimpeded flood control functions of these canals, and the results thus far appear positive. One note of caution is that herbicidal control of aquatic weeds in our canals, where the exotics problem is the worst, can cause trouble if the volume of plant material is so great that their death creates a large fish kill. Appropriate use of mechanical harvesting and adjusting the frequency of spraying can minimize this hazard. Management Summary There is hope of developing better control methods such as biological controls in the near future, and Collier County should support this research in every way possible. Also, tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign and more economical. Success requires technical and economical feasibility,as well as health, safety and ecological assurances. Continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control is a critical factor in both the development and implementation of the best comprehensive control strategies. This includes the effective dissemination of this information, 7 along with providing all the economic incentives possible, to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. Management is achieved through both prevention and cure. Thus we must not only control species already escaped from cultivation, but recognize the dangers from all potentially invasive exotics. History and the present condition of the natural landscape prove this has not been done well in the past. VII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Collier County has not been spared the onslaught of a literal army of invasive exotic plants quickly spreading throughout the entire state of Florida. These plants, most notably including melaleuca,Brazilian pepper and Australian pine(although the list goes on to a minimum of 116 species),threaten the health, safety and economic well-being of our citizens,and are exacting a humbling toll on every one of our unique natural ecosystems. The County has many of the basic tools it needs to combat these intruders, but it lacks much of the awareness and public education required for a truly cooperative effort from all of its citizens. Indeed, such cooperation is a requirement for mounting any credible campaign to control this pervasive problem. Complacency will only result in further degradation and expense in the long run. While the bulk of the acreages are being addressed by state and federal agencies, there is still a Herculean task left to the local level. Recognizing the threat posed by small colonies of outlier invasive plants brings urgency to our efforts to control exotics everywhere we have jurisdiction. 1. Coordination should occur with all entities working on this problem: USDA, SFWMD,Lee County,Dade County, restoration efforts for the Everglades,the Cooperative Extension Service and the Univ. of Floi:da/IFAS, the National Park Service and all South Florida units--especially the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park, USACOE, environmental organizations and other private entities, and the Exotic Pest Plant Council(Collier County should become a member of this non-profit group). 2. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money,or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the issue. In particular, the USDA's research station in Australia currently needs dedicated funding of approximately $250,000/year. Also, there is a strong need for a large quarantine facility here in Florida to make bio-control research possible. While Congress has approved the concept of such a facility, they did not fund it. The government,private organizations and citizens of Collier County should lobby for the appropriation of these funds (total of approximately$4 million for an already designed facility). There may be some opportunity to link such a facility with the new Florida Gulf Coast University and this possibility should be explored. 3. Improve local enforcement of all regulations aimed at controlling exotics here in Collier County. This includes the following: a. Engage more code enforcement personnel to allow for monitoring the entire county systematically,not only on a complaint basis. b. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the code enforcement budget, not the general budget. c. Improve the inspection system so that there are better uniform records of engineering inspections, and the system will be independent of any one individual's knowledge. d. Public inspection records need to be better organized and accessible to all, including the public and all staff. e. Clarify and ensure that exotics management plans get incorporated into homeowners' associations charters when they assume public area responsibilities from the developer. f. Improve follow-up inspection process for code enforcement(will require more staff time). 4. Public education is essential. We must show our population how to recognize exotics,and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports mounting a campaign to familiarize all with ordinances,eradication methods and options, sources for assistance, identification, etc. This should be initiated by the County,but coordinated with local media and civic organizations. Also, educate the Coop Extension Service assistants about what not to plant. Perhaps public areas and Parks and Recreation maintenance staff could be trained to recognize noxious species in order to assist removing any easily pulled outlying saplings. 5. Volunteer help needed. Every effort should be made to encourage volunteer help with any reasonable aspect of exotics control, from county-wide clearing projects to follow-up monitoring assistance (organized"complaint"system of monitoring). Naples"Melaleuca Day"and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer efforts. This also provides great educational value. 6. Utilization of"harvest"and incentives for removal must be encouraged. Melaleuca in particular has been demonstrated to be economically feasible to harvest for making landscape mulch. This reduces the cost of removal and provides incentives as well. Other uses should be pursued as research makes them available, and economic incentives to eradicate, apart from or in addition to regulatory requirements, must be provided for private landowners. This has been a problem in older developed areas where exotics removal wasn't required. a. Subsidized tipping fees for exotics debris. b. Tax credits for voluntary clearing and maintenance of private property. c. Encourage melaleuca mulch over cypress on private property, and require it on all public projects. d. Enforce exotics removal when remodeling cost exceeds 50%of house value. e. Consider requiring removal anytime a property changes hands. (Allowing the presence of exotics to figure in real estate market value provides incentive to remove.) f. Consider adding the EPPC's 30 or so Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the removal list,in the Land Development Code. g. Establish a homeowner assistance program,especially for residents of Golden Gate Estates to help either financially or technically with exotics removal. A the same time, do not exempt such areas from exotics prohibitions (such as found in the Litter and Weed Ordinance.) h. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere within 5 the county(i.e. Clam Bay). Post-removal monitoring of vegetative regrowth is an absolute minimum. 7. Collier County must aggressively remove exotics and maintain its own properties as an example, if not to conform with its own regulations. 8. Actively seek funding sources for eradication efforts. This includes application for grants from all sources, and solicitation of labor assistance, either through intern programs like Americorps and college research projects,or through outright volunteers. Labor costs are the biggest expense in eradication. / U III PROJECT REVIEW SITE VISITS, OBSERVATIONS & RESULTS IN THE COMMMUNITY Prior to the Final Construction Acceptance and/or the Issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy all development orders are inspected by the Environmental and Engineering Inspectors with the Planning Services Department for the removal of prohibited exotic plants. After a development order is found to initially comply, the site should be maintained free of prohibited exotic plants and can be inspected periodically by an Environmental Investigator with the Code Enforcement Department. During the last seven years there have been many customer inquiries regarding prohibited exotic plant maintenance and control; however, there have not been any routinely scheduled re-inspections. Environmental specialists with the Planning Services Section provided the Natural Resources staff with environmental assessments for 34 PUD monitoring reports which were evaluated from May 1995 through March 1996. Only five of the PUDs, which were evaluated by staff and EPTAB, did not have any prohibited exotic plants present. EPTAB randomly selected 12 county-owned sites in order to assess exotic plant problems on.public lands. Only two of the sites, which were evaluated by EPTAB and staff, did not have any prohibited exotic plants present. EXOTIC PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY EPTAB Report (DRAFT) November 1996 Exotic Plant Subcommittee Brad Cornell Nancy Payton Chuck Ray Staff Liaison Kimberly Polen TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW II THE PLANTS & THEIR IMPACTS III REGULATIONS & DEVELOPMENT REVIEW Grandfathered Subdivisions Right of Way IV MANAGEMENT: STATE OF THE ART Controls Available Utilization and Exploitation Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts V CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS APPENDIX A Exotic Plants Descriptions and References APPENDIX B Summary of County Regulations APPENDIX C Charts of Exotic Plant Reviews APPENDIX D Flowcharts of Project Inspections APPENDIX E Literature Reviews [Appendices should include the Economic Impact Statement;portions of the Melaleuca Management Plan; cited pgs from Sustainable South Florida] I PROBLEM OVERVIEW Introduction "The uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing Southwest Florida today." That is the consensus of many of Florida's prominent biologists from government, academia and industry. This paper was developed in response to an ecological problem of unparalleled significance and danger to the natural ecology of South Florida. Exotic plants are changing the face of South Florida. They have displaced highly valued mangrove trees along miles of shoreline. They have altered thousands of acres of habitat including that of the Florida panther and other endangered species. They cause human suffering by inducing allergic reactions and they cost our citizens millions of dollars every year. The problem becomes more critical every day. It has been calculated that melaleuca trees invade another 50 acres every day (Plunkett, 1994). Others suggest far greater amounts. It is imperative that Collier County and its citizens participate in the control and eradication of this menace. The Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida provides excellent background on the extent and serious nature of the invasion (pages 78-82). The Florida Cooperative Extension Service has proposed that "it is the responsibility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecolog- ical damage to native ecosystems" (IFAS Circular 868). The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) agrees with that position and accepts the inherent requirement "to do something about it". Consistent with that responsibility, EPTAB undertook this project to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County, to evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control exotics, and to consider measures that might enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. In order to limit the study to manageable proportions it was decided to concentrate on terrestrial species in the mostly urban and suburban areas of western Collier County. Certainly there are vast areas of infestation in eastern parts of the County. With the exception of agricultural zones those areas mostly are under the control of State or Federal agencies, and there is less opportunity for local involvement. Also, there are serious aquatic pests such as Hydrilla and water hyacinth causing serious problems in our canals and waterways. Those species are the subject of continuous and concentrated study by many experts who have made control of aquatic exotics their life work. EPTAB accepts that it would be presumptuous to assume that we could improve upon their work. The Plants Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia, South America and other continents, and are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. Melaleuca in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native tree islands, sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited wildlife value and reduced species diversity. They are known to impact a number of endangered or threatened species including Florida panther, wood stork, Big Cypress fox squirrel and others ( ). The loss of more than 28 square miles of habitat per year is one of great signif- icance to wildlife. As a society we deplore the loss of habitat to development, but apparently are unconcerned about the incursion of exotic plants. Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics including Brazilian pepper. This plant is in the same family as poison oak and poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred to as Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment the imports are free of predators, natural enemies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier County by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way, agricultural lands, undeveloped areas and older subdivisions. Infestations appear to commence along roads and other rights of way, at field margins and in other areas where native plant communities have been disturbed by earth mov- ing. From that foothold, they spread to the interiors of unused lands. Australian pines grow quickly to maybe 50 feet in ten years, perhaps 100 feet by the age of 20. A steady rain of seed from the original colonizer creates a carpet of seedlings under the canopy. The sprouting plants are just about the only ones able to survive in the dakenend and chemically altered environment. A great example of this takeover is what should be one of the Naples area's environmental showplaces, Keywaydin Island. From a boat on the Inter-coastal Waterway between Naples and Marco Island you will see not a showplace anchored by mangroves, one of our most important native plants, but instead miles of shoreline where mangroves have been crowded out by Australian pines. Some other less well know but potentially dangerous species are earleaf acacia, womans tongue, downy rosemyrtle, java plum and catclaw mimosa. They are lesser known only to a complacent population; to even the amateur ecologist they are symbols of a scourge. Yet many of these exotics are to be seen as valued specimens in yards of our "upscale sub-divisions". Aquatic species including water hyacinth and hydrilla cause great damage to navigation and drainage, but are not considered herein. Appendix A lists and describes the most serious of invading species. The present list of prohibited species should be expanded to include several others just becoming recognized as potential pathogens. The widely used asparagus fern and ground cover Wedelia are just two of those examples. The Exotic Pest Plant Council of Florida has listed 116 other "most invasive" species. That list also is included in Appendix A. Several of those included should be considered for addition to the County list of forbidden species. Financial Effects The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measuring, and every citizen pays part of the cost. Current County budgets include $80,000 for exotic removal and control in Clam Bay alone. County Stormwater Management Dept is responsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549,400 for removal of exotics because the plants are partly responsible for widespread flooding (McNall, 1996). Exotics add to the cost of nearly every new dwelling. Each building permit requires that all prohibited exotic plants be removed from the site prior to the County issuing a Certificate of Occupancy. Prohibited exotic plants are defined in the Land Development Code as Melaleuca, Brazilian pepper, Australian pine, downy rosemyrtle, earleaf acacia, women's tongue, Java plum, and cat-claw mimosa. In the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pines, the cost can run to many thousands of dollars. For the builder of a modest home in Golden Gate Estates, the cost of clearing is a major consideration. It is important in the selection of a home-site, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Melaleuca groves are a fire hazard. They produce an oily substance that burns fiercely once ignited, and often spreads to the stuctures which they surround. Several of the plants constitute a health hazard( ). Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irritant. Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy, and has the same effects on some of the more sensitive of our population. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures, The US Departments of interior, Agriculture, Florida State Parks & Recreation, Forestry and other agencies, South Florida Water Management District and other entitites annually spend huge sums. The State of Florida currently spends more than $2.2 million on melaleuca control alone, and South Florida Water Management District spent $1.4 million on melaleuca control in their Water Conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal, State, and local agencies spent nearly $10 million dollars on melaleuca control over the past ten years. The benefits of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at $168.6 Million dollars per year (Melaleuca Management Plan). An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statemetnt: The Addition of Melaleuca quinquenervia to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant List ( Diamond, Davis & Schmitz) Control Efforts The Board of County Commissioners through its various agencies has enacted a number of ordinances and procedures intended to limit the invasion of exotic plants. The Land Development Code (LDC) and Planned Unit Development (PUD) Ordinances were enacted to insure the removal of exotics from new subdivisions, planned communities and commercial projects prior to their final approval by County agencies. Acceptance inspections are performed by Collier County Engineering Inspectors. The Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance applies to easements, rights of way, established subdivisions and miscellaneous situations. Due to limited manpower, enforcement usually occurs only in response to complaints. With advice and assistance by Natural Resources scientists, EPTAB selected a number of residential, commercial and public projects for evaluation. Removal appears to be complete in the majority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately the followup often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Collier County fails to abide by its own ordinances in many of the public projects. East Naples Community Park and Barefoot Beach Park both have serious infestations of exotics; some road and canal rights of way are seriously infested. Those less traveled usually are the most seriously impacted. However the problem has reached advanced stages along such major arterials. Along Vanderbilt Drive between Bluebill Avenue and Wiggins Pass Road the mangroves, buttonwoods and other salt tolerating trees and understory have been replaced by Brazilian pepper and Australian pine. Our media dwell at every opportunity on protecting our "fragile ecosystem" and on the tremendous environmental value of the mangroves. As a community we all espouse our love for the environment. The time is past due for all of us to demonstrate that concern by acting to control the problem. As leaders of the community we hope that the Board of County Commissioners will take the lead. There are many ways to conduct the campaign within a modest budget. II ORDINANCES & RULES County Land Development Code Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance Growth Management Plan City of Naples IV RECOMMENDATIONS Public education must be an important component. We must show our population how to recognize exotics, and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports the preparation of a series of articles that would enable almost anyone to recognize the plants. The articles also would describe the problem, outline ordinances and other regulatory requirements for their control, and suggest methods of handling the problem. This information exists with our many agencies involved in environmental management. Volunteer efforts have the potential to assist with the problem. Our large population of retired persons and seasonal visitors could be involved to provide manpower and possible financial assistance. Naples "Melaleuca Day" and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer programs. Exploitation of the plants has possibilities, particularly in the case of melaleuca. Significant amounts are being marketed as landscaping mulch. Proposed uses include boiler-plant fuel; charcoal, distillate products and others. Demonstrated uses must be expanded. Improve on and enforce existing rules and ordinances. In-corporate a followup requirement into project review to insure that exotics are removed completely and that they are not allowed to reinfest. Improve inspection documentation. Simplify disposal Seek out supporting grants Utilize volunteer programs Require the use of melaleuca mulch on public projects Promote and subsidize research and publicize programs For more detail on recommendations, see that section. We discussed possible uses, for instance of melaleuca. Potential for burning in generator plants; mulch; soil modifiers for use in agriculture, etc. Any worthwhile plan would have to involve trainloads of material to be efective. Paper products? Big industry in north Florida. We need to discuss potential for use as pulp with interested and knowledgeable companies / individuals? Any contacts? Volunteers? Millions are being spent on eradication. Universities and government should be vigorously researching means of using the plant materials in useful ways to offset the cost of eradication. Continuing efforts will include searching out and contacting agencies and entities for above. We meet again May 22. I think we should accelerate that. Some potential R&D entities are: USDA; USD!; EPA; Army COE; FDEP; SFWMD Univ Fl; FSU; other universities, colleges Paper companies Other industries It would be tough for any one of us to contact all these, so we seem to need some division of the task. Our next meeting is scheduled for the 28th. I believe that we should accel-erate this in order to complete the outline and begin fill-ing in the blanks. Considering the Sunshine, let's coordin -ate through Georgina. How about early next week? I'll be available most any time. APPENDIX A Exotic Pest Plant Council's 1995 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species APPENDIX B Summary of County Regulations APPENDIX C Charts of Exotic Plant Reviews APPENDIX D Flowcharts of Project Inspections APPENDIX E Literature Reviews EXOTIC PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Environmental Policy & Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) Exotic Plant Subcommittee Brad Cornell Nancy Payton Chuck Ray, Chairman Natural Resources Department Kimberly Polen, Staff Liaison September 1996 /6K57-1C7 TABLE OF CONTENTS The Plants �j 7-Xe N %51 Melt' C i ORDINANCES & RULES ( /\i .ELS/o/v Lan elopme- ode 0 'M 0/A -- Litter, WedsExotics Ordinance Growth ManaderrientPlan eRireinitiallbn tr 1-1\Z I 17 Devettapirearclerinspeetions _! Site Visits & Observationst s�� Grandfathered Subdivisions Right of Ways IV CONTROLS: State of the Art Controls Available Utilization and Exploitation Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts CO l�� V RECOMMENDATIONS PQM OVERVIEW c Int ;;uction i "The uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing Southwest Florida today." That is the consensus of many of Florida's prominent biologists from government, academia and industry. This paper was developed in response to an ecological problem of unparalleled significance and danger to the natural ecology of South Florida. Exotic plants are changing the face of South Florida. They have displaced highly valued mangrove trees along miles of shoreline. They have altered thousands of acres of habitat including that of the Florida panther and other endangered species. They cause human suffering by inducing allergic reactions and they cost our citizens millions of dollars every year. The problem becomes more critical every day. It has been calculated that melaleuca trees invade another 50 acres every day (Plunkett, 1994). Others suggest far greater amounts. It is imperative that Collier County and its citizens participate in the control and eradication of this menace. The Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida provides excellent background on the extent and serious nature of the invasion (pages 78-82). The Florida Cooperative Extension Service has proposed that "it is the responsibility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecolog- ical damage to native ecosystems" (IFAS Circular 868). The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) agrees with that position and accepts the inherent requirement "to do something about it". Consistent with that responsibility, EPTAB undertook this project to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County, to evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control exotics, and to consider measures that might enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. In order to limit the study to manageable proportions it was decided to concentrate on terrestrial species in the mostly urban and suburban areas of western Collier County. Certainly there are vast areas of infestation in eastern parts of the County. With the exception of agricultural zones those areas mostly are under the control of State or Federal agencies, and there is less opportunity for local involvement. Also, there are serious aquatic pests such as Hydrilla and water hyacinth causing serious problems in our canals and waterways. Those species are the subject of continuous and concentrated study by many experts who have made control of aquatic exotics their life work. EPTAB accepts that it would be presumptuous to assume that we could improve upon their work. The Plants Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia, South America and other continents, and are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. Melaleuca in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native tree islands, sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited 7)1 wildlife value and reduced species diversity. They are known to impact a number of endangered or threatened species including Florida panther, wood stork, Big Cypress fox squirrel and others ( The loss of more than 28 square miles of habitat per year is one of great signif- icance to wildlife. As a society we deplore the loss of habitat to development, but apparently are unconcerned about the incursion of exotic plants. Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics including Brazilian pepper. This plant is in the same family as poison oak and poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred tows Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment the imports are free of predators, natural enemies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier County by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way, agricultural lands, undeveloped areas and older subdivisions. Infestations appear to commence along roads and other rights of way, at field margins and in other areas where native plant communities have been disturbed by earth mov- ing. From that foothold, they spread to the interiors of unused lands. Australian pines grow quickly to maybe 50 feet in ten years, perhaps 100 feet by the age of 20. A steady rain of seed from the original colonizer creates a carpet of seedlings under the canopy. The sprouting plants are just about the only ones able to survive in the dakenend and chemically altered environment. A great example of this takeover is what should be one of the Naples area's environmental showplaces, Keywaydin Island. From a boat on the Inter-coastal Waterway between Naples and Marco Island you will see not a showplace anchored by mangroves, one of our most important native plants, but instead miles of shoreline where mangroves have been crowded out by Australian pines. Some other less well know but potentially dangerous species are earleaf acacia, womans tongue, downy rosemyrtle, java plum and catclaw mimosa. They are lesser known only to a complacent population; to even the amateur ecologist they are symbols of a scourge. Yet many of these exotics are to be seen as valued specimens in yards of our "upscale sub-divisions". Aquatic species including water hyacinth and hydrilla cause great damage to navigation and drainage, but are not considered herein. Appendix A lists and describes the most serious of invading species. The present list of prohibited species should be expanded to include several others just becoming recognized as potential pathogens. The widely used asparagus fern and ground cover Wedelia are just two of those examples. The Exotic Pest Plant Council of Florida has listed 116 other "most invasive" species. That list also is included in Appendix A. Several of those included should be considered for addition to the County list of forbidden species. Financial Effects The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measur-ing, and every citizen pays part of the cost. Current County budgets include $80,000 for exotic removal and control in Clam Bay alone. County StormwaterManagement Dept is re-sponsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549,400 for removal of exotics because the plants are partly responsible for widespread flooding (McNall, 1996). Exotics add to the cost of nearly every new dwelling. Each building permit requires that all exotic plants be removed from the site prior to the County issuing a Certificate of Occupancy. In the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pines, the cost can run to many thousands of dollars. For the builder of a modest home in Golden Gate Estates, the cost of clearing is a major consideration. It is important in the selection of a home-site, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Melaleuca groves are a fire hazard. They produce an oily substance that burns fiercely once ignited, and often spreads to the stuctures which they surround. Several of the plants constitute a health hazard( ). Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irritant. Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy, and has the same effects on some of the more sensitive of our population. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures, The US Departments of Interior, Agriculture, Florida State Parks & Recreation, Forestry and other agencies, South Florida Water Management District and other entitites annually spend huge sums. The State of Florida currently spends more than $2.2 million on melaleuca control alone, and South Florida Water Management District spent $1.4 million on melaleuca control in their Water Conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal, State, and local agencies spent nearly $10 million dollars on melaleuca control over the past ten years. The benefits of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at $168.6 Million dollars per year (Melaleuca Management Plan) (MMP). An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statemetnt: The Addition of Melaleuca quinquenervia to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant List ( Diamond, Davis & Schmitz) Control Efforts The Board of County Commissioners through its various agencies has enacted a number of ordinances and procedures intended to limit the invasion of exotic plants. The Land Development Code (LDC) and Planned Unit Development (PUD) Ordinances were enacted to insure the removal of exotics from new subdivisions, planned communities and commercial projects prior to their final approval by County agencies. Acceptance inspections are performed by Collier County Engineering Inspectors. The Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance applies to easements, rights of way, established subdivisions and miscellaneous situations. Due to limited manpower, enforcement usually occurs only in response to complaints. With advice and assistance by Natural Resources scientists, EPTAB selected a number of residential, commercial and public projects for evaluation. Removal appears to be complete in the majority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately the followup often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Collier County fails to abide by its own ordinances in many of the public projects. East Naples Community Park and Barefoot Beach Park both have serious infestations of exotics; some road and canal rights of way are seriously infested. Those less traveled usually are the most seriously impacted. However the problem has reached advanced stages along such major arterials. Along Vanderbilt Drive between Bluebill Avenue and Wiggins Pass Road the mangroves, buttonwoods and other salt tolerating trees and understory have been replaced by Brazilian pepper and Australian pine. Our media dwell at every opportunity on protecting our "fragile ecosystem" and on the tremendous environmental value of the mangroves. As a community we all espouse our love for the environment. The time is past due for all of us to demonstrate that concern by acting to control the problem. As leaders of the community we hope that the Board of County Commissioners will take the lead. There are many ways to conduct the campaign within a modest budget. II County Land Development Code Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance Growth Management Plan City of Naples HI PROJECT REVIEW Development Orders & Inspections < > Site Visits & Observations Environmental specialists with the Planning Services Section provided the Natural Resources staff with environmental assessments of 33 Plannned Unit Developments (PUDs). Only five of the PUDs, which were evaluated by staff from May 1995 through March 1996, did not have any prohibited exotic plants present. Grandfathered Subdivisions Throughout the urban area there are many subdivisions created prior to the ordinances prohibiting exotic plants. Several of the older subdivisions, condominiums and other projects include areas where exotics have been allowed to establish themselves, or even where the exotics were used deliberately. For example, the rear of Wyndemere where it borders 1-75, was planted with a mile or more of Java plum trees, no doubt intended to act as bufffers. In older subdivisions, there is no mechanism to control spreading or provide for removal of exotics until such time as existing structures are substantially improved. Marco Island, Pine Ridge, Lely and Port Royal are just a few examples of the problem. Right of Ways In general, rights of way in more heavily used parts of the County are not badiy infested by exotics, although in many cases they grow right up to and often overhang the right-of-way boundary. Some exceptions noted were Trail Blvd in Pine Ridge, where Brazilian pepper has grown 20 feet or more into the right-of- way. The same condition occurs along the northern part of Ridge Drive. Golden Gate Blvd. from 9th ST (approximately) to Desota Drive has many of the most invasive exotics, as does Pine Ridge from 1-75 to CR 951, and Vanderbilt Drive between 111th Ave and Wiggins Pass. Vanderbilt Drive is an acute situation. On the south side of Vanderbilt near the Anchorage Condominium, Brazilian pepper has displaced several acres of mangroves. Australian pines are established also and contribute to stressing, shading out and killing mangroves. Considering the degree of concern and the ready availability of funds to investigate and correct the problem of dead mangroves in Pelican Bay, it must be considered unacceptable to allow their extermination by exotic plants on other public property so accessible to the entire population. IV. CSS: State of the Art. This is "where the rubber meets the road". Knowledge of the species is necessary to develop the appropriate controls, and documenting the nature of each species' biology here in Collier County and Florida, as well as its impacts on both humans and surrounding natural areas is a continuing process. However, the most goal-oriented focus of research on exotic pest plants has naturally been on controls and eradication. There has also been considerable attention paid to economic utilization of some of these species, especially melaleuca, to help provide incentives to harvest and thereby control their spread. A bibliography of many of these efforts is in the back of this report, but a brief summary of some of the important findings should be useful here. We do not intend to discuss the technical ramifications of any research in this report except where a policy recommendation is concerned. Controls Available: Exotic plants are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1) biological control, 2) mechanical control, 3) physical control, or 4) herbicidal control (Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects, pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. Without bio-controls, it is difficult to see how well established species like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper could ever be subdued. There are too many acres of them. Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft. Lauderdale reports that an insect will be released around October, 1996 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees, but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. He also reports that there exists now a native pathogen (bacteria) which attacks melaleuca and is very effective when mixed with herbicide applications. However, it is not being utilized because it has not been economically feasible to manufacture this mix. There is a need for better research facilities, in particular for quarantine operations, and for dedicated funding of USDA's Australian research station. Mechanical controls are those which "harvest" the plant by hand tools or machinery. This method can be very effective when used with at least one other control -- especially herbicidal follow-up. Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. This is now being used extensively in the Big Cypress National Preserve with success. Fire is introduced at the proper time of year after either mechanical or herbicidal treatment induces a seed release, thus killing both mature and seedling melaleucas. This method has limited application because of the need for large areas, and proper timing of flooding or fire is very difficult. Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. Care must be taken during application to avoid impacting the native vegitation adjacent to treatment areas. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. Because its greatest invasive threat comes from widely distributed sporadic outliers and not dense monocultures, labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca where it is found as individual outliers because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilain pepper is best managed with both foliar treatments and mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with herbicide. Aquatic exotics are currently controlled mostly with herbicidal applications. All treatment operations require vigilant follow-up to ensure long term effectiveness. Utilization and Exploitation Over the years, very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While a number of uses have been identified, only a couple are feasible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch, with one company in Ft. Myers doing about $6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation. The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts Bruce McNall, of the County Stormwater Management Dept, is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility (about 250 miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper, downy rosemyrtle, Australian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth, hydrilla, and torpedo grass. The program has been motivated chiefly by the need for unimpeded flood control functions of these canals, and the results have thus far appear positive. One note of caution is that herbicidal control of aquatic weeds in our canals, where the exotics problem is the worst, can cause trouble if the volume of plant material is so great that their death creates a large fish kill. Appropriate use of mechanical harvesting and adjusting the frequency of spraying can minimize this hazard. Controls Summary Continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control is a critical factor in both the development and implementation of the best comprehensive control strategies. This includes the effective dissemination of this information, along with providing all the economic incentives possible, to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. There is hope of developing better control methods such as biological controls in the near future. Also, tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign and more economical. Success requires both technical and economical feasibility both today and for many generations to come. Ultimately, the only feasible long-term control of widespread exotics like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper is the use of effective biological controls, (Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Everything else is only a stop- gap measure to buy some time and keep the rate of spread minimized. We are not likely to win the eradication war without the systemic help of these plants' natural enemies. V RECOMMENDATIONS Public education must be an important component. We must show our population how to recognize exotics, and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports the preparation of a series of articles that would enable almost anyone to recognize the plants. The articles also would describe the problem, outline ordinances and other regulatory requirements for their control, and suggest methods of handling the problem. This information exists with our many agencies involved in environmental management. Volunteer efforts have the potential to assist with the problem. Our large population of retired persons and seasonal visitors could be involved to provide manpower and possible financial assistance. Naples "Melaleuca Day" and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer programs. Exploitation of the plants has possibilities, particularly in the case of melaleuca. Significant amounts are being marketed as landscaping mulch. Proposed uses include boiler-plant fuel; charcoal, distillate products and others. Demonstrated uses must be expanded. Improve on and enforce existing rules and ordinances. In-corporate a followup requirement into project review to insure that exotics are removed completely and that they are not allowed to reinfest. Improve inspection documentation. Simplify disposal Seek out supporting grants Utilize volunteer programs Require the use of melaleuca mulch on public projects Promote and subsidize research and publicize programs 1. Coordination should occur with all entities working on this problem: USDA, SFWMD, Lee County, Dade County, restoration efforts for the Everglades, the Cooperative Extension Service and the Univ. of Florida/IFAS, the National Park Service and all South Florida units -- especially the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park, USACOE, environmental organizations and other private entities, and the Exotic Pest Plant Council (Collier County should become a member of this non-profit group). 2. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money, or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the issue. In particular, the USDA's research station in Australia currently needs dedicated funding of approximatley $250,000/year. Also, there is a strong need for a large quarantine facility here in Florida to make bio-control research possible. There may be some opportunity to link such a facility with the new Florida Gulf Coast University. 3. Improve local enforcement of all regulations aimed at controlling exotics here in Collier County. This includes the following: a. Engage more code enforcement personnel to allow for monitoring the entire county systematically, not only on a complaint basis. b. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the code enforcement budget, not the general budget. c. Improve the inspection system so that there are better uniform records of engineering inspections, and the system will be independent of any one individual's knowledge. d. Public inspection records need to be better organized and accessible to all, including the public. e. Clarify and ensure that exotics management plans get incorporated into homeowners' associations charters when they assume public area responsibilities from the developer. f. Improve follow-up inspection process for code enforcement (will require more staff time). 4. Public education is essential. We must show our population how to recognize exotics, and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports mounting a campaign to familiarize all with ordinances, eradication methods and options, sources for assistance, identification, etc. This should be initiated by the County, but coordinated with local media and civic organiztions. 5. Volunteer help needed. Every effort should be made to encourage volunteer help with any reasonable aspect of exotics control, from county-wide clearing projects to follow-up monitoring assistance (organized "complaint" system of monitoring). Naples "Melaleuca Day" and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer efforts. This also provides great educational value. 6. Utilization of"harvest" and incentives for removal must be encouraged. Melaleuca in particular has been demonstrated to be economically feasible to harvest for making landscape mulch. This reduces the cost of removal and provides incentives as well. Other uses should be pursued as research makes them available, and economic incentives to eradicate, apart from or in addition to regulatory requirements, must be provided for private landowners. This has been a problem in older developed areas where exotics removal wasn't required. a. Subsidized tipping fees for exotics debris. b. Tax credits for voluntary clearing and maintenance of private property. c. Encourage melaleuca mulch over cypress on private property, and require it on all public projects. d. Enforce exotics removal when remodeling cost exceeds 50% of house value. e. Consider requiring removal anytime a property changes hands. (Allowing the presence of exotics to figure in real estate market value provides incentive to remove.) f. Consider adding the EPPC's 30 or so Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the removal list, in the Land Development Code. g. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere withing the county (i.e. Clam Bay). 7. Collier County must agressively remove exotics and maintain its own properties as an example, if not to conform with its own regulations. 8. Actively seek funding sources for eradication efforts. This includes application for grants from all sources, and solicitation of labor assistance, either through intern programs like Americorps and college research projects, or through outright volunteers. Labor costs are the biggest expense in eradication. APPENDIX A Sustainable South Florida Report Pages 78 - 83 g APPENDIX B Exotic Plants Descriptions and References -- APPENDIX C Summary of County Regulations 3 - y APPENDIX D Development Orders and Inspections . - APPENDIX E Site Visits APPENDIX F References 50 e t EXOTIC TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Exotic Plant EPTAB Subcommittee Report (DRAFT) 772E- 0g T— September\ <1996 fitArkr t 'MEE- Chuck Ray, Chairman Brad Cornell /17-(4L--- Nancy Payton Th.if ' Ic iSom -Edited by: Kimberly Polen TABLE OF CONTENTS I PROBLEM OVERVIEW Introduction The Plants Financial Effects Control Efforts II ORDINANCES & RULES County Land Development Code Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance Growth Management Plan City of Naples III PROJECT REVIEW Development Orders Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) Subdivisions, Condos Commercial C Public Projects 5'l T� t./1C13" Site Visits by EPTAB Private developments -mooALS Public Projects �� Problem Areas Grandfathered Subdivisions Right of Way P oten al Solutionsc;pil 2 ``�� 11.6z lir RECOMMENDATIONS Control Efforts Federal / State (Literature Reviews) Local Public Education R ,APPENDIX Exotic Plants Descriptions and References > APPENDIX le Summary of County Regulations — APPENDIX C 6','7 Vs) S - >APPENDIX D Flowcharts of Project Inspections 4 >APPENDIX E Literature Reviews [Appendices should include the Economic Impact Statement;portions of the Melaleuca Management Plan; cited pgs from Sustainable South Florida} I PROBLEM OVERVIEW Introduction "The uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing Southwest Florida today." That is the consensus of many of Florida's prominent biologists from government, academia and industry. This paper was developed in response to an ecological problem of unparalleled significance and danger to the natural ecology of South Florida. Exotic plants are changing the face of South Florida. They have displaced highly valued mangrove trees along miles of shoreline. They have altered thousands of acres of habitat including that of the Florida panther and other endangered species. They cause human suffering by inducing allergic reactions and they cost our citizens millions of dollars every year. The problem becomes more critical every day. It has been calculated that melaleuca trees invade another 50 acres every day (Plunkett, 1994). Others suggest far greater amounts. It is imperative that Collier County and its citizens participate in the control and eradication of this menace. The Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida provides excellent background on the extent and serious nature of the invasion (pages_78-824 The Florida Cooperative Extension Service has proposed that "it is the responsibility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious 'exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecolog- ical damage to native ecosystems" (IFAS Circular 868): The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) agrees with that position and accepts the inherent requirement "to do something about it". Consistent with that responsibility, EPTAB undertook this project to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County, to evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control exotics, and to consider measures that might enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. In order to limit the study to manageable proportions it was decided to concentrate on terrestrial species in the mostly urban and suburban areas of western Collier County. Certainly there are vast areas of infestation in eastern parts of the County. With the exception of agricultural zones those areas mostly are under the control of State or Federal agencies, and there is less opportunity ( for local involvement. Also, there are serious aquatic pests such as Hydrilla and water hyacinth causing serious problems in our canals and waterways. Those species are the subject of continuous and concentrated study by many experts who have made control of aquatic exotics their life work. EPTAB accepts that it would be presumptuous to assume that we could improve upon their work. The Plants Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia, South America and other continents, and are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. Melaleuca in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native tree islands, sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited wildlife value and reduced species diversity. /14, frik They are known to impact a number of endangered or threatened species including Florida panther, wood stork, Big Cypress fox squirrel and others ( ). 6c >>vvr,fC The loss of more than 28 square miles of habitat per year is one of great signif- icance to wildlife. As a society we deplore the loss of habitat to development, but apparently are unconcerned about the incursion of exotic plants. Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics including Brazilian pepper. This plant is in the same family as poison oak and poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred to as Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment the imports are free of predators, natural enemies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier County by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way, agricultural lands, undeveloped areas and older subdivisions. Infestations appear to commence along roads and other rights of way, at field margins and in other areas where native plant communities have been disturbed by earth mov- ing. From that foothold, they spread to the interiors of unused lands. Australian pines grow quickly to maybe 50 feet in ten years, perhaps 100 feet by the age of 20. A steady rain of seed from the original colonizer creates a carpet of seedlings under the canopy. The sprouting plants are just about the only ones able to survive in the dakenend and chemically altered environment. A great example of this takeover is what should be one of the Naples area's environmental showplaces, Keywaydin Island. From a boat on the Inter-coastal Waterway between Naples and Marco Island you will see not a showplace anchored by mangroves, one of our most important native plants, but instead miles of shoreline where mangroves have been crowded out by Australian pines. Some other less well know but potentially dangerous species are earleaf acacia, womans tongue, downy rosemyrtle, java plum and catclaw mimosa. They are lesser known only to a complacent population; to even the amateur ecologist they are symbols of a scourge. Yet many of these exotics are to be seen as valued specimens in yards of our "upscale sub-divisions". Aquatic species including water hyacinth and hydrilla cause great damage to navigation and drainage, but are not considered herein. Appendix A lists and describes the most serious of invading species. The present list of prohibited species should be expan d tolDclucl2 Feral of g�er-s just ecomin reco zed as potential patho ens. widely urea asparagus'rern�` `gro cover r' 6e Wedelia are just of those examples. The Exotic Pest Plant Council of GI4,r. .it Florida has listed 116 other "most invasive" species. That list also is included in f ppendix A./Several of those included should be considered for addition to the ounty is of forbidden species. Financial Effects The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measuong, and every citizen pays part of the cost. Current County budgets include $80.000 for exotic remo al and control in Clam Bay alone. County Stormwater Management Dept is r)ponsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549,400 for removal of exotics because the plants are partly responsible for widespread . flooding (McNall, 1996). ,1. �;44 tat :0 g.� ,v. Exotics add to tl74st of nearly eve ew dwelling. Each building permit requires that all exotic plants be re ed from the site prior to the County ifk issuing a Certificate of Occupancy n the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pines, the cost can run to many thousands of Wr dollars. For the builder of a modest home in Golden Gate Estates, the cost of01- clearing is a major consideration. It is important in the selection of a home-site, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Melaleuca groves are a fire hazard. They produce an oily substance that burns fiercely once ignited, and often spreads to the stuctures which they surround. Several of the plants constitute a health hazard( ). Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irritant. Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy, and has the same effects on some of the more sensitive of our population. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures, The US Departments of Interior, Agriculture, Florida State Parks & Recreation, Forestry and other agencies, South Florida Water Management District and other entitites annually spend huge sums. The State of Florida currently spends more than $2.2 million on melaleuca control alone, and South Florida Water Management District spent $1.4 million on melaleuca control in their Water Conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal, State, and local agencies spent nearly $10 million dollars on melaleuca control over the past ten years. The benefits of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at $168.6 Million dollars per year (Melaleuca Management Plank An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statemetnt: The Addition of Melaleuca quinquenervia to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant List ( Diamond, Davis & Schmitz), Control Efforts The Board of County Commissioners through its various agencies has enacted a number of ordinances and procedures intended to limit the invasion of exotic plants. The Land Development Code (LDC) and Planned Unit Development (PUD) Ordinances were enacted to insure the removal of exotics from new subdivisions, planned communities and commercial projects prior to their final approval by County agencies. Acceptance inspections are performed by Collier County Engineering Inspectors. The Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance applies to easements, rights of way, established subdivisions and miscellaneous situations. Due to limited manpower, enforcement usually occurs only in response to complaints. With advice and assistance by Natural Resources scientists, EPTAB selected a number of residential, commercial and public projects for evaluation. Removal appears to be complete in the majority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately the followup often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Collier County fails to abide by its own ordinances in many of the public projects. East Naples Community Park and Barefoot Beach Park both have serious infestations of exotics; some road and canal rights of way are seriously infested. Those less traveled usually are the most seriously impacted. However the problem has reached advanced stages along such major arterials. Along Vanderbilt Drive between Bluebill Avenue and Wiggins Pass Road the mangroves, buttonwoods and other salt tolerating trees and understory have been replaced by Brazilian pepper and Australian pine. Our media dwell at every opportunity on protecting our "fragile ecosystem" and on the tremendous environmental value of the mangroves. As a community we all espouse our love for the environment. The time is past due for all of us to demonstrate that concern by acting to control the problem. As leaders of the community we hope that the Board of County Commissioners will take the lead. There are many ways to conduct the campaign within a modest budget_ II ORDINANCES & RULES County /*PY\60(PE Land Development Code Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance Growth Management Plan City of Naples III PROJECT REVIEW 1)0 60 fcc_c)e r-tc' C/02_,13 PUDs, Subdivisions, Condos qoc‘ Commercial Public Projects Site Visits by EPTAB Private developments NSPEt-0 ori Environmental specialists with the Planning Services Section provided the Natural Resources staff with environmental assessments for 34 PUD monitoring reports which were evaluated from May 1995 through March 1996. t /x Public Projects /Of )c€SS Grandfathered Subdivisions Throughout the urban area there are many subdivisions created pruir to the ordinances prohibiting exotic plants. Several of the older subdivisions, condominiums and other projects include areas where exotics have been allowed to establish themselves, or even cases where the exotics were used deliberately. For example, the rear of Wyndemere where it borders 1-75, was planted with a mile or more of Java plum trees, no doubt intended to act as buffers. In older subdivisions, there is no mechanism to control spreading or provide for removal of exotics until such time as existing structures are substantially improved. Marco Island, Pine Ridge, Lely and Port Royal are just a few examples of the problem. Rights of Way In general, rights of way in more heavily used parts of the County are not badly infested by exotics, although in many cases they grow right up to and often overhang the right- of-way boundary. Some exceptions noted were Trail Blvd in Pine Ridge, where Brazilian pepper has grown 20 feet or more into the right-of-way. The same condition occurs along the northern part of Ridge Drive. Golden Gate Blvd. from 9th ST (approximately) to Desota Drive has many of the most invasive exotics, as do Pine Ridge Road form 1-75 to CR 951, and Vanderbilt Drive between 111th Ave and Wiggins Pass. Vanderbilt Drive. Vanderbilt Drive is an acute situation. On the south side of aria near the Anchorage Condominium, Brazilian pepper has displaced several nacres of mangroves. Australian pines are established also and contribute to stressing, Pele..6 shading out and killing mangroves. Considering the degree of concern and the ready availability of funds to investigate and correct the problem of dead mangroves in Pelican Bay, it must be considered unacceptable to allow their extermination by exotic plants on other public property so accessible to the entire population. c Potential Solutions IV RECOMMENDATIONS Public education must be an important component. We must show our population how to recognize exotics, and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports the preparation of a miseries of articles that would enable almost anyone to recognize the plants. The articles also would describe the problem, outline ordinances and other regulatory requirements for their control, and suggest methods of handling the problem. This information exists with our many agencies involved in environmental management Volunteer efforts have the potential to assist with the problem. Our large population of retired persons and seasonal visitors could be involved to provide manpower and possible financial assistance. Naples "Melaleuca Day" and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer programs. Exploitation of the plants has possibilities, particularly in the case of melaleuca_ Significant amounts are being marketed as landscaping mulch. Proposed uses include boiler-plant fuel; charcoal, distillate products and others. Demonstrated uses must be expanded. r f Improve on and enforce existing rules and ordinances. In-corporate a followup requirement into project review to insure that exotics are removed completely and that they are not allowed to reinfest. Improve inspection documentation. Simplify disposal -------).Seek out supporting grants Utilize volunteer programs Require the use of melaleuca mulch on public projects Promote and subsidize research and publicize programs - (Oe,6yii•c; Fat .. 8, 01--c=a-'cik, �1‘ ` UMV22pF o 'bit -- 3NI i r.2 ugE feSPP 710 157 For more detail on recommendations, see that section. We discussed possible uses, for instance of melaleuca. Potential for burning in generator plants; mulch; soil modifiers for use in agriculture, etc. Any worthwhile plan would have to involve trainloads of material to be efective. Paper products? Big industry in north Florida. We need to discuss potential for use as pulp with interested and knowledgeable companies I individuals? Any contacts? Volunteers? Millions are being spent on eradication. Universities and government should be vigorously researching means of using the plant materials in useful ways to offset the cost of eradication. Continuing efforts will include searching out and contacting agencies and entities for above. We meet again May 22. I think we should accelerate that. Some potential R&D entities are: USDA; USDI; EPA; Army COE; FDEP; SFWMD Univ Fl; FSU; other universities, colleges Paper companies - Other industries It would be tough for any one of us to contact all these, so we seem to need some division of the task. Our next meeting is scheduled for the 28th. I believe that we should accel-erate this in order to complete the outline and begin fill-ing in the blanks. Considering the Sunshine, let's coordin -ate through Georgina. How about early next week? I'll be available most any time. APPENDIX A "Xotic Pest Plant `unci 's 1995 List Flor a's Most Invasive Species PPEN IX B Su maty of County Regulations PPEI(JDIX C Cha s of Exotic Plant Rev',ews P NDIX D Flo arts of Project Inspections PENDIX E Liters re Reviews 1 C. COMBAT THE SPREAD OF EXOTIC SPECIES 2 3 One of the most severe environmental problems facing our nation's natural areas 4 is the explosive invasion of exotic pest plants and animals. These are organisms 5 that invade and rapidly spread in natural areas with harmful consequences During 6 1993, 456 million exotic plants were imported into the United States; about 80% 7 entered through the Port of Miami (Center, et al., 1994). Some of these plants are 8 potential invaders and they can harbor, along with other cargo and the ships that 9 transport them, other invaders, including diseases, insects, and other animal life. 10 Some exotics cannot survive in the new environment, while others continue to I1 exist only with human help. Additional exotic species escape and survive in 12 natural and distressed areas. 13 14 Flonda is particularly vulnerable to exotic invasion because of its subtropical 15 climate, the disturbance of large parts of its landscape, and its geographic form. 16 There are currently more than 1,300 exotic plants in the state, making Florida one 17 of the states with the most severe exotic pest plant problem in the country (U.S. I8 Congress, 1993) Approximately 1.5 million acres have been invaded by exotic 19 pest plants in Florida. About 45% of the invading plants were originally imported 20 for ornamental landscape use and many are still commercially available. 21 22 Many of these invasive species spread rapidly and form dense populations, 23 primarily by out-competing native species due to a lack of natural controls. The 24 competitive advantage held by these exotics is usually the result of their location 25 in hospitable environments where the normal natural controls of disease and 26 natural enemies are missing. As exotic species expand, they can disrupt the 27 ecosystem. A few of the worst invaders and the extent of their infestation are: 28 Brazilian pepper (703,504 acres), melaleuca (488,824 acres), Australian pine 29 (373,723 acres), hydrilla (75,500 acres) and the climbing fern (25,781 acres) 30 (Schmitz, 1994). 31 32 Few methods exist to effectively combat the advance of these pest plants. 33 Chemical herbicides are most effective during the initial stage of invasion, when 34 the area affected is small and centralized and eradication is possible. Chemical 35 and mechanical methods lose effectiveness as the affected area expands. This loss 36 of effectiveness results from loss of direct access to affected areas and seed 37 sources, concern for environmental impacts of the control methods, and from the 38 high costs of chemicals and implementation. After an invasive specie spreads, 39 additional measures must be employed if control is to be accomplished. 40 Biological control or biocontrol, which involves the use of host-specific natural 41 enemies from the exotic pest's native area, can reduce the invaders' competitive 42 advantage. 43 44 According to the National Academy of Science, "Biological control can and 45 should become the primary method used in the United States . . . . The need for 46 alternatives to complement or replace chemical control dictates placing an 47 increasing emphasis on biological control research and development" (NAS, 1987). 48 However, there is little initiative for private commercial efforts to develop 78 1 biocontrol agents; profit cannot be obtained from art agent that does not recognize 2 property boundaries and reproduces without license. If biological controls are to 3 be developed, a steady, reliable, and adequate source of public funding is 4 necessary. Until a biological control system is developed, every available control 5 method must be used. To reduce impacts to unaffected adjacent land, expeditious 6 removal of existing exotic pest plants should be encouraged. Incentives could be 7 effective in this effort. 8 9 The use of melaleuca as a landscape mulch could lead to large-scale commercial 10 harvesting of this pest. Although excellent for this purpose, melaleuca mulch has 11 not been able to compete with cypress mulch, which is often obtained by 12 consumers at below production costs and has been promoted as a superior mulch 13 product. Large quantities of environmentally valuable native cypress trees are 14 being cut and processed into landscape mulch. This mulch is often dumped on 15 the market at or below production costs as a "price leader" to attract customers to 16 garden centers. Although usually given permission to harvest melaleuca at no 17 cost, firms which produce melaleuca mulch cannot compete with the below cost 18 prices usually charged for cypress mulch. 19 20 Existing regulatory programs do not assist in combating the spread of exotic plant 21 species. Current mitigation requirements, which reduce mitigation ratios on 22 property with wetlands infested with exotic pest plants, discourage property 23 owners from removing these plants. Such regulations may actually increase the 24 value of infested property by reducing the potential mitigation cost of future 25 development. Property owners who allow exotic pest plants to continue to exist 26 on their land not only reduce the environmental value of wetlands and uplands but 27 also contribute to the spread of these pests to adjoining public and private land. 28 29 The problem of invasive exotic pests is large and growing. A multi-pronged 30 strategy is needed to control the situation. Introduction of new pests must be 31 regulated and the continued sale of those already here should be stopped. Once 32 a new pest is identified, quick action to eradicate the invasion must be taken 33 More effective weapons to control existing pests, especially biocontrol, must be 34 developed. An adequate permanent source of funding is critical to this process. 35 36 COMMISSION OBJECTIVE 37 38 • limit the spread and reduce the existing population of invasive non- 39 indigenous species: 40 41 42 Recommendations: 43 44 39. The FDEP should expand the list of prohibited invasive non-native plants 45 in Ch. 62C-52.011, FAC, to include additional species which have been 46 identified in Florida. 47 79 1 Action Steps 2 3 a. Beginning in 1996 and continuing each year, the FDEP, the 4 Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, the Florida 5 Game and- Fresh Water Fish Commission, and the South Florida 6 Ecosystem Restoration Working Group should meet with the Exotic 7 Pest Plant Council, immediately following the Exotic Pest Plant 8 Council Annual Symposium to discuss the need to update the 9 current list of Category I most invasive exotic plant species. 10 During this meeting, the plants on the updated list shall be ranked 11 in order of threat to the environment, and plants selected shall be I2 added to the FDEP's rule 62C-52.011. 13 14 b. Following the above referenced meeting, and no later than 15 December 1, 1996, the FDEP should revise its rule 62C-52 011 to 16 include the agreed upon plants from the updated and ranked Exotic 17 Pest Plant Council's current list of Category I most invasive exotic 18 plant species. Following each subsequent meeting, the FDEP's rule 19 should be revised, as necessary, to ensure that all agreed upon 20 invasive exotic plant species are added. 21 22 40. The Legislature should provide additional funding for development, 23 approval,and implementation of control programs for invasive exotic plant 24 species (e.g., Brazilian pepper and melaleuca) and wild exotic animal 25 species (e.g., the toxic giant toad and the Mexican bromeliad weevil) to 26 ensure that adequate long term funding is available to implement exotic 27 control, prevention, and eradication measures including the development 28 of biological control agents and other methods. 29 30 Action Steps 31 32 a. To ensure adequate funding for control of invasive exotic pest 33 plants, the Legislature should, in 1996, establish the Exotic Pest 34 Plant Eradication Trust Fund. The highest priority for use of funds 35 from the trust fund shall be to insure the adequate funding of 36 biological control research projects for Category I most invasive 37 exotic plant species. The FDEP should manage the trust fund with 38 decisions on spending priorities made by a council composed of the 39 FDEP, the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, the 40 South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Working Group, and the 41 Exotic Pest Plant Council. A "Florida Native Plants" automobile 42 license tag should be authorized with profits from the sale of the 43 tag placed in this trust fund. Mechanisms for voluntary citizen 44 contnbutions to the trust fund, such as an opportunity to donate an 45 additional dollar while obtaining a Florida Drivers License and an 46 opportunity for direct contributions by individuals and groups, 47 should be established. 48 80 b. In 1996, the Legislature should impose a per bag tax ($0.50) on the 2 sale of cypress mulch to encourage distant retail headquarters to 3 emphasize the use of melaleuca and other mulches and reduce the 4 destruction of cypress for mulch. Money collected should be 5 placed in the newly created Exotic Pest Plant Eradication Trust • 6 Fund. The Commission and appropriate agencies should continue 7 investigating and implementing alternative means, such as 8 education, to reduce the destruction of cypress for mulch. 9 10 c. The FDEP should ensure, through the regulation of invasive exotic 11 plants, that preparation of exotic mulches results in the destruction 12 of viable seeds. 13 14 d. The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) should continue • 15 to emphasize removal of invasive exotic plants from its road rights 16 of way during routine right of way maintenance operations. 17 18 e. The Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission should seek 19 an adequate funding source from the 1996 Legislature to provide 20 sufficient wildlife inspectors to carry out its mandate to protect 21 Florida's environment from potentially invasive non-indigenous 22 animal species. 23 24 f. The FDEP, the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, 25 the SFWMD, and appropriate federal agencies should immediately 26 begin a survey of the lands they manage to determine the existing 27 nature and extent of the invasive non-indigenous animal population 28 problem on those lands. A report detailing the results of those 29 surveys, proposed corrective measures, and additional resources 30 needed to address the problem should be provided to ,the 31 Commission by July 1, 1997. 32 33 g. The FDEP, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, 34 the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, the SFWMD, 35 the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Working Group, and other 36 interested groups should immediately form an "Exotic Animal Pest 37 Council" to serve as a clearing house for existing information and 38 future research, to coordinate and develop information and action 39 steps to protect Florida's natural resources from the invasion of 40 exotic animals, and to facilitate the development of federal 41 initiatives which fully consider the serious nature and the extent of 42 the problem in Florida. 43 44 41. The FDEP should strengthen and expand its education program to increase 45 public awareness of the threat that invasive non-indigenous exotic species 46 pose to the health and sustainability of the South Florida ecosystem. 47 48 81 4 1 Action Steps 2 3 a. The FDEP should seek, from the 1996 Legislature, funding 4 specifically dedicated to increasing public awareness of invasive 5 non-indigenous exotic species. 6 7 b. To ensure maximization of resources provided, the FDEP should 8 immediately begin to seek partners in the private and public 9 sectors, such as the Florida Native Plant Society, the Florida Exotic 10 Pest Plant Council,the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 11 and the university system for the production of materials for such 12 education 13 14 42. The FDEP, the FDOT, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer 15 Services, and the Cooperative Extension Service should provide incentives 16 which encourage removal or replacement of invasive exotic plants. 17 18 Action Steps 19 20 a. Beginning in 1996, the Commission, the FDEP, the FDOT, the 21 SFWMD, and local governments should co-sponsor clean up days 22 throughout the region to remove invasive exotic plants from public 23 and private lands. Volunteerism by groups such as youth, 24 conservation, civic, and service organizations should be 25 encouraged. Private sector support for clean up day events should 26 be solicited. 27 28 b. The Commission recommends that the Governor, by December 1, 29 1995,propose legislative language to provide blanket immunity for 30 property owners from damage suits resulting from volunteer groups 31 • and individuals participating in exotic plant clean up days on public 32 and private lands. 33 34 c. The Commission recommends that the Governor, by December 1, 35 1995, propose legislative language to encourage removal of 36 invasive exotic pest plants from private undeveloped lands. The 37 language should also encourage conservation of native plant 38 communities to form greenbelts outside of developed areas by 39 authorizing tax incentives. Tax incentives should be provided for 40 those property owners who remove invasive exotics and create or 41 maintain their undeveloped lands in healthy native habitat. 42 Establishment of local government programs which accomplish 43 this goal, such as the successful Dade County program, should be 44 strongly encouraged. 45 46 43. Local governments should amend their land development regulations to 47 prohibit planting invasive exotic plants and facilitate the process of 48 eradicating invasive exotics as land is developed. 82 1 Action Steps 2 3 a. Within one year of revisions to local government comprehensive 4 plans pursuant to Evaluation and Appraisal Reports, local 5 governments should revise their land development regulations to 6 prohibit use of Category I invasive exotic plants in all landscaping 7 and require that all public buildings or publicly-funded buildings be 8 landscaped primarily using a non-invasive xenscape design, which 9 includes at least 50% native vegetation. 10 11 b. As part of the revisions to local land development regulations, local 12 governments should require that all invasive exotic plant species be 13 removed as a condition of development approvals. 14 15 44. The Legislature, the FDEP, the SFWMD, and other appropriate state, 16 federal, regional, and local agencies should enact mitigation requirements 17 which encourage the expeditious removal of melaleuca and other exotic 18 pest plants from private property. Mitigation required for impacts to 19 wetlands infested with melaleuca and other invasive exotic pest plants 20 should be commensurate with the remaining value of the wetland, but 21 mitigation should not be reduced to such an extent that a disincentive for 22 the removal of invasive exotic plant species from private lands is created. 23 24 Action Step 25 26 a. The FDEP, the SFWMD, and other appropriate state, federal, 27 regional, and local agencies who regulate wetlands should:• 28 29 (1) immediately work together to ensure development of 30 consistent mitigation requirements for wetlands infested 31 with melaleuca and other invasive exotic pest plants that are 32 commensurate with the remaining value of the wetlands but 33 that are not reduced to such an extent that a disincentive for 34 the removal of invasive exotic plant species from private 35 lands is created. 36 37 (2) provide for a credit for mitigation or other incentives where 38 the removal of invasive exotic plants results in a passive 39 future land use that maintains the wetlands, nature and 40 functions of the area, such as the lake belt plan, mitigation 41 bank, buffer area or other uses which deters active uses, 42 provides environmental benefit and reduces the spread of 43 invasive exotic plants. 44 45 83 .„ �a 16 Mar. 1995 ? r EXOTIC PEST PLANT COUNCIL'S 1995 LIST OF FLORIDA'S AP U MOST INVASIVE SPECIES' PURPOSE: To focus attention on: 1). the impacts exotic pest plants have on biodiversity inherent in impacted systems; 2). the impact of exotic plants on the integrity of native plant community composition and function; 3). habitat losses due to exotic plant infestations; 4). the impacts of exotic plants on endangered species primarily due to habitat loss and alteration(e.g., Cape Sable seaside sparrow); 5). the need to prevent habitat loss and alteration by comprehensive management for exotic pest plants; 6). the socioeconomic impacts of exotic pest plants(e.g., increased wildfire intensity and frequency in Melaleuca); 7). changes in the seriousness of pest plants and to indicate which are the worst problems;and 8). informing and educating resource managers about which species deserve to be monitored, and to help managers set priorities for management. Category I—Species that are encroaching on and disrupting native plant communities in Florida.This definition does not rely on the economic severity of the problem and the geographic area covered,but the proven damage caused. Category II—Species that have shown a potential to intrude on and disrupt native plant communities. These species have a real potential to become category I ranked,but have not yet invaded natural Florida communities. SPECIES AND COMMON NAME CATEGORY Abrus precatorius (rosary pea) 12 Acacia auriculiformis(earleaf acacia) 13 Ardisia crenulata (=A. crenata) (coral ardisia) 14 Ardisia elliptica (=A. humilis) (shoebutton ardisia) 15 Asparagus densjflorus (asparagus fern) 16 Bischof is javanica (bischofia) 17 Brachiaria mutica (Para grass) 18 Calophyllum calaba (=C. inophyllum of authors) (mast wood, Alexandrian laurel) 19 Cassia coluteoides(=Senna pendula) (climbing cassia, Christmas cassia, Christmas senna) 110 Casuarina equisetifolia (=C. litorea) (Australian pine) I 11 Casuarina glauca(suckering Australian pine) 1 1 2 Cestrum diurnum (day jasmine) 1 13 Cinnamornum camphora(camphor-tree) 1 14 Colocasia esculenta (taro) 1 15 Colubrina asiatica(lather leaf) 116 Cupaniopsis anacardioides(carrotwood) 1 17 Dioscorea bulbifera (air-potato) 118 Eichhornia crassipes(water hyacinth) I-P19 Eugenia uniflora (Surinam cherry) 120 Ficus microcarpa (=F. nitida;=F. retusa var. nitida) (laurel fig) I 21 Hydrilla verticillata(hydrilla) I_p2 Hygrophila polysperma (green hygro) I-P23 .t 16 Mar. 1995 Page 2 Hvmenachne anzplexicaulis (West Indian marsh grass) I 24 Imperata brasiliensis (cogon grass) (=Imperata cvlindrica) 25 Ipomoea aquatica (water spinach) I-P26 Jasminum dichotomum (Gold Coast jasmine) I 27 Jasnzinum fluminense (jasmine) I ?28 Lantana cantara (lantana) I 29 Ligustrum sinense(hedge privet) I 30 Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) I 31 Lygodium japonicum (Japanese climbing fern) I 32 Lygodium microphyllum(Old World climbing fern) 133 Macfadyena unguis-cati(cat's claw) 134 Melaleuca quinquenervia (melaleuca, broad-leaf paper hark) I-P Melia azedarach(Chinaberry) I 35 Mimosa pigra (catclaw mimosa) I-P,N 36 Nandina domestica (nandina, heavenly bamboo) I 37 Nephrolepis cordifolia (sword fern) I 38 Neyraudia reynaudiana(Burma reed;cane grass) I 39 Oeceoclades maculata (ground orchid) I 40 Paederia foetida (skunk vine) I 41 Panicum repens (torpedo grass) I 42 Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) I 43 Pennisetum purpureum (Napier grass) 144 Pistia stratiotes(water lettuce) I-P 45 Psidium guajava (guava) I 46 Psidium littorale (=P. cattleianurn) (strawberry guava) I 47 Pueraria montana (=P. lobata) (kudzu) 148 Rhodomyrtus tomentosus(downy myrtle) I 49 Rhoeo spathacea (=R. discolor) (oyster plant) 150 Sapium sebiferum (popcorn tree, Chinese tallow tree) I 51 Scaevola taccada var. sericea (=S. frutescens;=S. sericea) (scaevola, half-flower, beach naupaka) I 52 Schefflera actinophylla (=Brassaia actinophylla) (schefflera) I 53 Schinus terebinthifolius(Brazilian pepper) 1 54 Solanum torvum (turkey berry) I-N Solanum viarum(tropical soda apple) I 55 Syzygium cumini(jambolan,Java plum) 56 Tectaria incisa (incised halberd fern) I 57 Thespesia populnea (seaside mahoe) I 58 Tradescantia f luminensis(white-flowered wandering jew) I 59 TOTAL CATEGORY I=60 Adenanthera pavonina (red sandlewood) II 60 Agave sisalana (sisal hemp) 1161 Albizia julibrissin (mimosa) II 62 Albizia lebbeck (woman's tongue) II 63 Aleurites fordii(tung oil tree) II 64 Alstonia macrophylla (devil-tree) II 65 Alternanthera philoxeroides(alligator weed) II-P 66 Antigonon leptopus(coral vine) II 67 Aristolochia littoralis(calico flower) II 68 /'O z j 16 Mar. 1995 Page 3 Asystasia gangetica (Ganges primrose) II 69 Bauhinia variegata (orchid tree) II 70 Broussonetia papyrifera(paper mulberry) II 71 Callisia fragrans(inch plant, spironema) II 72 Casuarina cunninghanuana (Australian pine) II 73 Cereus undatus (night-blooming cereus) II 74 Cryptostegia nuulagascariensis (rubber vine) II 75 Dalbergia sissoo (Indian dalbergia,sissoo) II 76 Dioscorea alata(yam) II 77 Enterolobium contortisliquum(ear-pod tree) II 78 Epipremnum pinnatum cv. Aureum (pothos) II 79 Eucalyptus camaldulensis(Murray red gum) II 80 Ficus altissima (false banyan) II 81 Ficus benghalensis(Bengal fig) II 82 Ficus benjanuna (weeping fig) II 83 Ficus religiosa (bo tree) II 84 Flacourtia indica (governor's plum) II 85 Flueggea virosa (flueggea) II 86 Hibiscus tiliaceus(mahoe) II 87 Hyptage benghalensis(hyptage) II 88 Jasminum sambac(Arabian jasmine) II 89 Koelreuteria elegans (golden shower tree) II 90 Leucaena leucocephala (lead tree) II 91 Ligustrum japonicum (Japanese privet) II 92 Ligustrum lucidum (Chinese privet) II 93 Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) II 94 Merremia tuberosa (wood-rose) II 95 Murraya paniculata(orange jasmine) II 96 Myriophyllum spicatum(Eurasian water-milfoil) II-P 97 Nephrolepis multiflora (Asian sword fern) II 98 Ochrosia parviflora (=0. elliptica) (kopsia) II 99 Paederia craddasiana(skunk vine, onion vine) II 100 Passiflora foetida (stinking passion-flower) II 101 Pittosporum peniandrum (pittosporum) II 102 Pittosporum tobira (Japanese pittosporum, pittosporum) 11 103 Rhynchelytrum repens (Natal grass) II 104 Sansevieria hyacinthoides (=S. trifasciata) (bowstring hemp) II 105 Solanum diphyllum (twinleaf nightshade) II 106 Syngonium podophyllum (arrowhead vine) II 107 Syzygium jambos(rose-apple) II 108 Terminalia catappa(tropical almond) II 109 Tribulus cistoides(puncture vine) II 110 Triphasia trifoliata(lime berry) II 111 Urena lobata (Caesar's weed) I1 112 Wedelia trilobata(wedelia) II 113 Wisteria sinensis(Chinese wisteria) 11 114 TOTAL CATEGORY 11=56 TOTAL = 116 16 Mar. 1995 Page 4 DEFINITIONS: Exotic—an alien organism, or one brought from the part of the world where it was native,either purposefully or accidentally; it then escaped into the wild in Florida where it reproduces either sexually or asexually. Native—a species that occurred in Florida at the time of European contact or 1500s (adopted from James Stevenson, DEP, Office of Ecosystem Management,Tallahassee, May 1993). Invasive—is a variable condition defined by the category to which the species is assigned. 1 List prepared by the EPPC Committee on Invasive Species(Chairman: Daniel F.Austin,Department of Biological Sciences,Florida Atlantic University,Boca Raton,FL 33431;Members: James Duquesnel, DEP, Division of Recreation&Parks,Key Largo Hammocks State Botanical Site,P.O. Box 487,Key Largo,FL 33037; David Hall,KBN, 1034 NW 57th Street,Gainesville,FL 32605; Theodore O.Hendrickson, 1112 NE 2nd Street,Ft. Lauderdale,FL 33301-1167;Ronald Hofstetter,Department of Biology, University of Miami,Coral Gables,FL 33124-9118;Suzanne Koptur,Department of Biological Sciences,Florida International University,University Park, Miami, FL 33199;Joe Maguire,Dade County DERM, 111 NW First Street,Suite 1310,Miami,FL 33128;Mark McMahon,P.O. Box 380726,Miami,FL 33238-0726; Robert Pemberton,USDA,ARS,Aquatic Plant Control Lab,2305 College Ave.,Ft. Lauderdale,FL 33314; Kathy C. Burks,FDEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Mgt. 3917 Commonwealth Blvd.,MS 710,Tallahassee,FL 32399; Daniel B. Ward,Department of Botany,220 Bartram Hall,University of Florida,Gainesville,FL 32611; Richard P. Wunderlin,Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Florida,Tampa, FL 33620. 2 Richard Moyroud(letter 17 Jan. 1995)records that the species is"seen increasingly in PB County,spread by seed; roots very deep and tenacious,difficult to eradicate." 3 First noted in the wild in Palm Beach Co.in the late 1970s.Now spread from cultivation to roadsides,scrub and flatwoods. In some areas dense.Starlings are among the most important local dispersers.DFA 4 Nominated by Erik D.Johnson(5 Dec. 1994)with supporting data fioui Resource Management Notes 6(3):5.July 1994. Known in Alachua,Leon,Orange,Volusia and Nassau Cos. S This has long been a problem in Everglades National Park(cf. P. Krauss. 1987.Old Field Succession in Everglades National Park.U.S.National Park Service,South Florida Research Center,SFRC-8703. Now the species is abundant in places like Secret Woods in Broward Co. (DFA,pers. obs., 1993). One plant has been found in Palm Beach Co.and there is a unconfirmed report from Martin Co. 6 During the summer months of 1992 Dan Austin and his students worked on several scrub sites in Palm Beach Co. Each of the parcels was host to large colonies of this species. For years the species has been escaping in yards due to spread of the seeds by birds,but this was the first time it had been noted in the wild in Palm Beach Co. See: Austin,D. F.,J.Hicklin,C. Lockhart and R. Rasha. 1992. Master Plan for the Leon M. Weekes Environmental Preserve,Technical Report to the City of Delray Beach,Florida. Ivfark McMahon (pers.comm.May 1993)has found the species naturalized in Broward Co. 7 Richard Moyroud(letter 17 Jan. 1995)now records this from the Corbett Area and near the Loxahatchee Refuge (both Palm Beach Co.). 8 Kathy Burks(FDEP, 12 Jan 1995)informs the committee that this species occurred in 183 lakes and rivers in 22 counties in 1994. This is a marked increase from previous levels. Also,in several places the species is replacing maidencane(Panicum hemitomon). The change is from a rank III on 1993 list.Paula Benshoff and Jean Huffman(Myakka River State Park)concur(letter 17 Jan. 1995).The USDA formerly planted the grass along the margins of the Everglades(cf. Stephens,John C. 1952.Annual Report.Everglades Project United States Department of Agriculture,Soil Conservation Service,Research Division of Drainage and Water Control.).This is kept as Document 630.5 in the SF MD Reference Library,West Palm Beach. 9 Ted Hendrickson(6 Dec 1994)thinks the two epithets used here represent different species. This needs work. 10 Date of introduction unknown.DFA first started seeing this plant in the wild in the early 1970s.At the time the taxonomy was so confused that we called it by another name.DFA completely missed the species in my 16 Mar. 1995 Page 5 paper on exotics(Exotic plants and their effects in southeastern Florida. Biological Conservation 5:25-34). Since 1978 it has spread into many places where it formerly did not occur.The species is cultivated,and has been for some time. My first experience with it in cultivation was in 1979 when DFA lived in Tampa. There was a plant in my back yard,although DFA never noticed seedlings coming up around it. The arrival of the species and its subsequent dispersal needs to be researched. DFA 11 Details of the arrival and subsequent dispersal and establishment of this species are given in (Exotic plants and their effects in southeastern Florida.Biological Conservation 5:2 5-34)among other places.One thing that apparently is not widely known is that Hagler was responsible for widely distributing the plants between Miami and Palm Beach in the late 1800s.That was BEFORE it was officially introduced. 12 By 1978 the plants were established in the wild in Broward,Dade,Martin and Palm Beach Cos.(Biological Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). 13 By 1978 the plants were established in the wild in Broward and Palm Beach Cos.(Biological Conservation 5:25- 32. 1978). 14 D.B.Ward says(letter 5 Nov. 1994)this species has been in Florida since at least 1890. He finds it of limited presence in stands of native vegetation and recommends changing it to II. Frequent in native vegetation at Bok Tower and Archbold region(DFA observation). DFA does not agree with DBW(Feb. 1995);now he does(Mar. 1995). 15 Dan Ward(letter 4 Nov. 1994)agrees with this rank,as do numerous others. Kathy Burks(1-DEP, 12 Jan 1995) informs the committee that this species was incorrectly listed as a prohibited aquatic on the 1993 list. The species has now been recorded from a number of sites in Lake Okeechobee(DFA,24 Feb. 1995),several areas in Palm Beach Co.(Ray Miller,South Florida Water Management District(23 Feb. 1995)and at least canal banks in Broward Co. 16 By 1978 the plants were established in the wild in Dade,Palm Beach and Martin Cos.(Biological Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). 17 The first plants DFA found of these in the wild was in 1990 when he returned from sabbatical in Arizona. DFA visited the FAU Preserve which he had just finished cataloging(Vegetation of the Florida Atlantic University Ecolological Site. Florida Scientist 53(1):11-27. 1990). On the fringe of the preserve below a sign favored by mockingbirds as a perch was a seedling of carrotwood.Subsequently DFA found it in the Lake Wyman Park in Boca Raton.Then reports of the plants began to come in from Martin Co. (from Maggie Hurchalla,county commissioner at the time). Now the plants are increasing in frequency in coastal hammocks and elsewhere in Martin and Palm Beach Cos.on the east coast.More reports come in annually from the west coast also. See: MacLaren,T. 1992.Exotics Everywhere. Resource Management Notes 4(3):11. 18 In 1970 these plants were found mostly on trash heaps where people had thrown the"potatoes."In the late 1970s one of DFA's friends found some plants growing in a pine flatwoods near her home in Boynton Beach and asked if they were a problem.DFA replied the were not known to reproduce sexually in Florida,based on information from Dick Wunderlin.Later DFA found that he had a slide of the plants in flower and passed the information to Wunderlin.Since then the plant populations have exploded mostly in the Tampa region, but only slightly less in southeastern Florida The species is now known to reproduce sexually and the climbing vines smother native vegetation.By 1978 the plants were established in at least Dade and Palm Beach Cos.(Biological Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). 19 Prohibited. This species is listed as prohibited by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection under Rule 62C-52,F.A.C. For more information contact FDEP Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management: 904- 488-5631,Innovation Park,Tallahassee,FL 32310. 16 Mar. 1995 Page 6 20 My first record of the species becoming established in the wild was 1976 in Broward Co.(cf.Biological Conservation 5:25-34 1978). Since then the shrubs have been found in Palm Beach Co. with increasing frequency. 21 For published information on the escape and spread of cultivated figs to date see: Strange,L.A. and R.J. Knight,Jr. "Fig pollinating wasps of Florida." Entomology Circular No. 296,July 1987; Bronstein,J. L. and D.McKey. "The comparative biology of figs."Experimentia 45:601-604. 1989; McKey,D. "Population biology of figs: Applications for conservation."Experimentia 45:661-673. 1989; McKey,D. and S.C.Kaufmann. Naturalization of exotic Ficus species(Moraceae)in south Florida.In: T.D.Center, R. F. Doren,R. H. Hofstetter,R. L. Myers,and L. W.Whitaker(eds.). Proceedings of the Symposium on Exotic Pest Plants,Miami,Florida, 1988. Pp. 221-236.U.S. Department of the Interior,National Park Service,Washington,DC., 1991; Kaufmann, S.,D. B. McKey,M. Hossaert-McKey and C.C. Horvitz. "Adaptations for a two-phase seed dispersal system involving vertebrates and ants in a hemiepiphytic fig (Ficus microcarpa: Moraceae)."Amer.J. Bot.78:971-977. 1991. 22 Florida Statute Chapter 16C52.011. 23 Kathy Burks told the committee this was P,but it is not in the list DFA has (Mar. 1995). 24 Nominated by Kathy Burks(FDEP, 12 Jan. 1995). Known from Myakka River State Park and Clewiston where it occurs with Brachiaria mutica. See: Huffman,J. 1992.Exotic Myakka Marshes.Resource Management Notes 4(3):10. 225 This species is being investigated by George W.Tanner,Department of Wildlife and Range Sciences,University of Florida. He gave a talk on his data at the Florida Native Plant Society Annual Meeting in 1993. According to David Hall these two names refer to the same species(letter 29 Nov. 1994).Cf. Coile,N.C. and D. G. Shilling. 1993. Cogongrass,Imperata cylindrica(L.)Beauv.: A good grass gone bad. Ha. Dept. Agric. &Consumer Services,Botany Circular No. 28;Jubinsky,G. 1993. Cogongrass Notes. DNR Resource Management Notes 5(1):16. 26 Don Schmitz(pers.comm.May 1993)says this is now established in eight cos.,including Osceola,Palm Beach &Brevard. See: Resource Management Notes 4(3):10,11. 1992. 27 By 1978 the plants were established in the wild in Dade Co.(Biological Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). 28 Not known in the wild in 1978.Subsequently found in the wild in Dade Co.?(source?) 29 John Small(1933)reported that this species had both native and introduced forms. Since that time the exotic forms have spread through the peninsula.Cf.Roger W.Sanders. 1985.Research Review: redefining Florida's lantanas.Fairchild Tropical Garden Bulletin 40(3):18-19 (July); 1987.Identity of Lantana depressa and L.ovatifolia(Verbenaceae)of Florida and the Bahamas.Systematic Botany 12(1):44-60. 30 Dan Ward strongly supports this rank(letter 5 Nov. 1994). David Hall indicates that the common names were listed incorrectly previously. 31 See: Anonymous.Exotic Fern: Threat to Wetlands.DNR Resource Management Notes 4(4): 20. 1992 and Hall, D.Japanese Climbing Fern. DNR Resource Management Notes 4(4):43. 1992. 32 Changed from status II to I due to recommendation of increase reported by Erik Johnson(5 Dec. 1994),Kathy Burks(H)EP, 12 Jan. 1995)and David Hall(29 Nov. 1994). 33 First recorded in the state by John Beckner in 1965.See Austin and Nauman(Spread of the exotic fern L_vgodium microphyllum in Florida. Amer. Fern Jour. 68: 65-66. 1978). 34 Because of status in northern Florida Dan Ward(letter 4 Nov. 1994)suggests a rank change to I. 16 Mar. 1995 Page 7 35 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands. DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 36 Although a recent publication by Barneby(1991.Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 65:426-449) indicates that this should be called Mimosa pellira Wilid., that is not possible. The name M.pigra L. has been conserved by ICBN p. 329. 1994. See also: Taxon 38:522. 1989;42:695. 1993. Thanks to Dan Ward for bringing this nomenclatural tangle to our attention. N=noxious on the FDACS and USDA lists. 37 See article in Resource Management Notes, 1994. Also via information from Mark Ludlow at Marianna State Caverns Park(Jan. 1995),and Kathy Burks(FDEP, 12 Jan 1995),and Erik Johnson(5 Dec. 1994);in Gadsden,Leon&Wakulla,and Jackson Cos. Also see: Ludlow,M. 1995.Nandina Control in Northern Florida. DNR Resource Management Notes 6(6):4,5. 38 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 39 Prior to Hurricane Andrew,this species was known from the wild only in Dade and upper Monroe Counties. Since the hurricane,we have been finding it in other places,although little of its expansion can be directly attributed to the storm. It appeared in Collier Co. on the western side of Fakahatchee Strand;now it is known from several places east of the Strand along canals. It also occurs in Ft.Myers where DFA found it associated with a car wash! There are also numerous small(as yet Jan. 1995)populations in Broward Co. near the TriRail right-of-way and on the Sawgrass Expressway. And,the most recent site DFA has found is in Palm Beach Co.near the intersection of Southern Boulevard and FLA 441. This is disturbingly close to a limestone distribution company! Is there a connection? 40 First found in the wild in Dade Co. by Robert B.Grimm(professor at F.AU)in 1974. Cf. Austin,Environmental Conservation 5:25-32. 19'78. See also paper by Stem,William. 1988. A brief overview of Oeceoclades. American Orchid Society Bulletin 57(9):972-975. 41 There has been a miserable confusion with these plants because there are two species in Florida(Puff,C. 1991. The Genus Paederia L.: a multidisciplinary study.Meise,Belgium). According to Dan Ward(29 Nov 1994) P.foetida is the worst problem(cf. Resource Management Notes 4:2. 1992). Paederiacnuddasicata(see category II)seems to be restricted to Dade Co.(Ward 29 Nov 1994). Fide Bob Knight(30 Nov 1994)in Clearwater with no record of how it got there in autumn of 1992. See also: Hilsenbeck,R. 1992. Skunkvine in Femgully. Resource Management Notes 4(3):6,7;Martin,D. 1995. Skunkvine Continued. DMZ Resource Management Notes 6(6):5;Pearson,D. 1995.Rainbow Springs and the Topiary From Hell. DNR Resource Management Notes 7(3):6;Johnson,E. 1995.Way Down Upon the Skunk Vine River. DNR Resource Management Notes 7(3):6,7. 42 On the 1993 list this was incorrectly said to be on the FDEP prohibited list. Unfortunately,that is not true. We now know that this species is expanding explosively in many areas of southern Florida In Lake Okeechobee,for example,it may replace the native Panicwn hemitomon(maidencane)completely. No one seems to know what impact this will have on our endangered Roundtail muskrat(Neofiber alleni)whose major food is said to be maidencane. This species should be re-examined by the FDEP. 43 Plants in southern Florida are producing seed and appearing outside of planted areas.Also persisting and spreading from areas where yard clippings are dumped(illegally).Although escaping into the wild,this plant does not seem to he in the same category with the others in this group. DFA.A study by C. H.Greenberg,S. H. Crownover,and D.R.Gordon(Roadside soils:A corridor for invasion of xeric scrub by nonindigenous plants?Natural Areas Journal,mss.Nov 1995)reports the species in the wild. Pm\ 16 Mar. 1995 Page 8 44 Introduced officially into the USA in 1909. By 1978 it has escaped in Broward,Dade,Martin and Palm Beach Cos. (Austin,Environmental Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). 45 J.K.Small (1933)and now Bob Knight(letter 30 Nov 1994)have questioned whether or not this species is native.Bob Knight informed the committee that the species has plenty of pest insects in Florida. DFA had always assumed that it was from the Old World and introduced early(cf.Austin,D.F. 1978. Environm. Conserv.5(1): 25-34.). Now F. Allen Dray,T. D.Center and D. H. Habeck(Phytophagous insects associated with Pistia stratoites in Florida.Environmental Entomology 22:1146-1155. 1994)have settled the question to DFA's satisfaction.There is a"..paucity of specialists on waterlettuce in Florida.."which".. suggests that waterlettuce is not a native species..." However,DFA was wrong on its area of origin;it is from South America.Thanks to Kathy Burks&Bob Pemberton for bringing the publication to DFA's attention. 46 In Florida since the 1840s(Bob Knight letter 30 Nov 1994). "...if not brought earlier by the Indians;like papaya,guava is already well dispersed and unlikely to invade farther." 47 Already in the wild in Martin and Palm Beach Cos. by 1978(Austin,Environmental Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). 48 During the summer and fall of 1992 Bill Kline(DowElanco,Duluth.GA)found plants of this Asian vine along the levee on the east side of Conservation Area II in Broward Co.and brought them to the attention of Mike Bodle and Dan Thayer of the South Florida Water Management District. This is a range extension south from Lake Co.where the species was purposefully planted by a homeowner ignorant of its destructive potential. No one knows exactly how the plant arrived in Broward Co.*(see note below) Ted Hendrickson(6 Dec 1994)tells the committee that he and Ann Buckley found the same population of this in Broward back in 1980! No one listened to them. Addendum(Oct. 1995): SFWMD has now found a document indicating that the USDA planted these vines in 1952(cf. Stephens,John C. 1952. Annual Report. Everglades Project R-4-I.United States Department of Agriculture,Soil Conservation Service,Research Division of Drainage and Water Control.). This is kept as Document 630.5 in the SFWMD Reference Library,West Palm Beach. There is notable confusion over the correct name to be used for this pest. See also: Hammer,R. L. 1995.Kudzu: Further South Than You Think. DNR Resource Management Notes 7(3):7,8. 49 Alexander(Alexander,T.R.An exotic plant pest.Palmetto 1:2-3. 1981)reported this species in the wild although Austin(Environmental Conservation 5:25-32. 1978)missed the species. Now the species is a dominant understory shrub from Collier Co.near Naples north into central Florida James Layne(Archbold Biological Station)told DFA in 1976 that it was"worse than pepper tree(Schinus)in central Florida" 50 These plants have been in cultivation for many years.People have long put them on trash heaps where they persisted and spread.Now some of the colonies have spread and become so thick that they are precluding the native herbaceous underground vegetation in those areas.Suzanne Koptur nominated the species and tells DFA that there are populations of the plants spreading along canal banks and in other areas in Dade Co. (Jan. 1995).There has been a growing population in a young hammock on a spoil-mound in Boca Raton for years.The plants have stopped canopy tree seedling recruitment. 51 Long escaped in other southeastern states,these plants are now widespread in cultivation in Florida from the Panhandle to southern Florida These plants have altered the communities of the southeastern states[cf. Bruck,K.B.,G.N.Cameron and P.Harcombe. 1995.Initiation of a new woodland type on the Texas Coastal Plain by Chinese tallow tree(Sapium sebiferum(L.)Roxb.). Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club 122(3):215-225].See also: Farnsworth,S. 1988.Another exotic nuisance—the Chinese Tallow Tree.The Palmetto,Winter, 1988-1989;Jubinsky,G. 1993. Chinese Tallow Gets Worst!The Palmetto 13(3): 3,4; Duquesnel,J. 1992.Pacific Scaevola.Resource Management Notes 4(3):7; Anonymous. 1993?Sapium /1 16 Mar. 1995 Page 9 sebiferurn,literature review and status in Florida.Technical Services Section,DEP,3919 Commonwealth Blvd.,Mail Station 710,Tallahassee,FL 32399-3000;Anonymous. 1992. Chinese Tallow--This Beauty is a Beast. DNR Resource Management Notes 4(4):22;Anonymous. 1993.Chinese Tallow-Tree,Popcorn Tree. DNR Resource Management Notes 5(1):29,30(drawing).Jubinsky,G. 1995.Chinese Tallow: In Short,This Plant is Bad News. DNR Resource Management Notes 6(6):5. 52 See articles by J.W.Thieret and D.M.Brandenberg[Scaevola(Goodeniaceae)in southeastern United States. Sida 11(4):445-453. 1986],Jim Duquesnel(in DNR Resource Management Notes 4(3):7.July 1992),and Tricia MacLaren(in DNR Resource Management Notes 4(3):11. 1992)on the recent spread of the species. This Asian herb has now escaped at least in Everglades National Park(Cape Sable),the Keys,Palm Beach and Martin Counties. 53 These plants were unknown in the wild in 1978(Ensiromnental Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). From the late 1980s they began to spread into the wild in southeastern Florida.Groves of shrub-size plants are in preserved oak hammocks in Boca Raton and promise to dominate the canopy.Plants are more frequent each year in scrub where they shade and push out the southeastern endangered plants. 54 Introduced officially in 1898,the species did not appear in the wild until 1959 when found on Big Pine Key by Taylor Alexander.By 1978 it was widespread in at least Broward,Dade,Glades,Hendry,Indian River, Martin,Okeechobee,Palm Beach,and St.Lucie Cos.The plants have invaded every habitat in southern Florida from mangroves to hammocks. 55 According to R. P. Wunderlin(personal communication, Apr. 1993)this species has appeared in a large number of farm lots and other disturbed areas in central Honda in the last two years. According to the EPPC Board(5 May 1993) the plants are also in native habitats along Fsheating Creek. This species and another species are reported by Wunderlin et al. (Wunderlin, Richard P., Hansen, Bruce F.and Delaney, Kris R. Solanum viarum and S. tampicense(Solanaceae): two weedy species new to Florida and the United States. Sida 15(4):605-?. 1993). Other recent papers are(Mullahey,J.Jeffrey,Cornell,John A. and Colvin,Danny L.Tropical Soda Apple (Solanum viarum)Control.Weed technology 7(3): 723-? 1993,Mullahey,J.Jeffrey,Nee,Michelle and Wunderlin,Richard P.Tropical Soda Apple(Solanum viarum): A New Weed Threat in Subtropical Regions.Weed technology 7(3): 783. 1993). Cf.Coile,N.C. 1993.Tropical soda apple,Solanum viarum Dunal: The plant from hell.Fla.Dept.Agric. &Consumer Services,Botany Circular No. 27; Westabrooks,R.G.Weed Advisory!Tropical Soda Apple.A Threat to Southern States.Dated 21 Mar. 1994. 56 Not known in the wild in 1978(Environmental Conservation 5:25-32. 1978). Now spreading quickly into a variety of wild habitats including oak-palmetto hammocks,and pinewoods. 57 First found in Dade and then Broward Cos. (Austin,D.F.G.B. Iverson&C. E. Nauman. A tropical fern grotto in Broward County,Florida.Amer.Fern Jour.69: 14-16. 1979).Invading hammock understories in Broward Co.where it competes with rare and endangered native ferns on limestone. 58 Not known in the wild in southeastern Florida in 1978(Environmental Conservation 5:25-32. 1978).Now a common constituent of mangroves and low wave-action beaches. 59 By Dan Ward(letter 4 Nov. 1994). In northern Florida it carpets wooded areas to the exclusion of other small herbs,as for example,along Hogtown Creek in Gainesville. 60 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94100,Tallahassee. 61 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 16 Mar. 1995 Page 10 62 By Dan Ward &Bob Simon(letter 5 Nov. 1994). Invasive of Sandhills in northern Florida. 63 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schnutz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands. DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 64 Nominated by Robert Butgereit(Florida Caverns State Park).From Lake Jackson Mounds State Archaeological Site"in 1993,525 individuals removed...""[In 19951 an additional 387 individuals removed." Also in Leon County around Lake Jackson in comparable infestations. 65 By Joe Maguire and Roger Hammer (letter,Dec. 1993). Hammocks in Dade Co. 66 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 67 For information on this species see Gordon DR.Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 68 By Dan Ward&Bob Simon(letter 5 Nov. 1994). Aggressive in central Florida. 69 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 70 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands. DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 71 By Dan Ward&Bob Simon(letter 5 Nov. 1994). Established in Tampa(DFA observation);around sinkholes& calcareous hammocks near Gainesville. 72 This plant has been spreading in yards for years; in the summer of 1992 it was found in a few scrub sites in Palm Beach Co. 73 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 74 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 75 This was accidentally listed as C.grandiflora in the 1995 list. Mea culpa.DFA.Native to Madagascar,these plants have long been used in ornamental plantings in southern Florida and many other areas in the Americas.On St.John in the Virgin Islands the species already has a marked history of invading mangroves and competing with native plants (Austin,The Palmetto 13(1):12. 1993). This invasiveness is shown elsewhere in the Caribbean where the species has become naturalized,as it has in Australia(T.Center,pers. comm., 1991). To date the wild plants are rare in Florida,but they are frequent in cultivation and have the potential to spread. 76 Seedlings have been appearing in yards from cultivated trees in Boca Raton for some years. Also found in Big Cypress(Cf.summary of EPPC meeting,DNR Resource Management Notes 4(3):24. July 1992). Kathy Burks(I'DEP, 12 Jan 1995)informs the committee that it is also established in Okeechobee Co. • 4 , 16 Mar. 1995 Page 11 77 By Joe Maguire(letter,Dec. 1993;Ward letter 29 Nov 1994) Ilanunocks in Dade Co. Also in Gadsden&Leon Cos. (Kathy l3urks, FDEP, 12 Jan. 1995). 78 Thanks to David A. Fox(Apr. 1993;Forest Resources Management. Ft. Myers)for bringing this to our attention. According to Wunderlin(1982) "nearly throughout." 79 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP. Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 80 This species epithet is probably wrong according to both R.P.W'underlin(1991,personal communication)and D.B.Ward(1993,personal communication). Until fertile specimens of the Palm Beach Co.plants can be checked,this name will be used tentatively. 81 Bob Knight(pers. comm. Nov. 1994)says that F. altissima is naturalized in Dade Co. No further data supporting listing. Dan Ward(letter 4 Nov. 1994)says that there is confusion in names in the specimens he has seen in the herbarium. Ficus elastica(India rubber tree)was formerly listed;no one seems to have documented this species in the wild. 82 By Joe Maguire and Roger Hammer (letter,Dec. 1993). Check with Doyle McKey. Joe thinks that the pollinators of this species are crossing over to pollinate F. altissima and F.benjamina. Bob Knight(pers. comm. Nov. 1994)says that F.benghalensis is naturalized in Dade Co. Dan Ward includes it tentatively (29 Nov 1994). There is much confusion and misidentification of the seedlings. 83 Bob Knight(pers. comm.Nov. 1994)says that F.benjamina seedlings are volunteering in Dade Co. 84 Bob Knight(pers.comm. Nov. 1994)says that F.religiosa is naturalized in Dade Co. The extent of its range is not yet known. 85 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP.Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 86 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP, Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 87 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP, Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 88 According to Ted Hendrickson(Jan. 1992)this Malphig is escaping at Fairchild Tropical Garden,Miami. 89 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 90 Seedlings of this cultivated ornamental tree appear regularly in southern Florida,from at least Martin to Dade and Monroe Cos. DFA. 91 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP, Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. The species is naturalized in disturbed sites at least as far north as Palm Beach Co.DFA. 16 Mar. 1995 Page 12 92 Erik Johnson(5 Dec. 1994) records the species in Leon Co.and L.japonicum and L. lucidum are planted widely in the area. 93 By Dan Ward(letter 5 Nov. 1994).Widespread in northern Florida in mesic woods near cultivated sources. Erik Johnson(5 Dec. 1994)records the species in Leon Co. 94 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 95 For many years these plants only persisted from cultivation and in places where they were dumped with yard clippings.Following Hurricane Andrew in 1992,the vines covered damaged hammocks in Dade Co. Outside Dade and Monroe,no sites are known where they have become established in the wild.DFA.For more information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994).An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 96 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994). An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 97 According to Don Schmitz(20 Dec 1994)this"...is highly invasive in more northern latitudes,but it just doesn't do much in Florida despite a 30 year presence." Changed from category Ito II in 1995. 98 Nephrolepis cordifolia is spreading in numerous parks in southern Florida as an herb-layer species and replacing the natives at that level. 99 According to Carol Lippincott(Mar. 1992)this is escaping at Sands Key,Biscayne National Park. Plants have been found in several sites in Palm Beach Co.(by DFA,June 1992)where they have either persisted from discarded lawn clippings,come from seeds,or both.Numerous plants grow along the lakeside among mangroves in Lake Wyman City Park,Boca Raton(DFA 1994). 100 By Joe Maguire(letter,Dec. 1993). Hammocks in Dade Co. 101 See article by Dan Austin in The Palmetto 13,no.3.p.5. 1993. Richard Moyroud(letter 17 Jan. 1995)adds personal experience to the invasiveness of this species. 102 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 2943 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994).An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 103 Nominated by Joe Maguire(letter,Dec. 1993). In several Dade Co.rockland parcels. 104 By Joe Maguire(letter,Dec. 1993). 105 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994).An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94100,Tallahassee. 106 Moved to category II on nomination of Paula Benshoff and Jean Huffman(Myakka River State Park, 17 Jan. 1995)who report the species in dense stands in hammocks. 107 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994).An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. �\ • 16 Mar. 1995 Page 13 108 For information on this species see Gordon 1)R,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schmitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994).An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands. DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 109 For information on this species see Gordon DR,Thomas KP,Pp. 29-43 in Schnitz DC,Brown,TC,ed. (1994).An Assessment of Invasive Non-Indigenous Species in Florida's Public Lands.DEP,Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Report No.TSS-94-100,Tallahassee. 110 Nominated by Jim Duquesne! (pers.comm., 1993); appearing in areas in Keys parks. 111 These shrubs have escaped in several places outside Florida including the Virgin Islands.They occur locally in Dade Co.and should be watched. 112 Moved to category II on the recommendation of Paula Benshoff and Jean Huffman(Myakka River State Park, 17 Jan. 1995)who have recorded the species in hammocks. 113 The argument has been made that the genus should be changed from Wedelia to Complaya (Strother, J. L. 1991. Systematic Botany Monographs 33). An even more recent argument has been made that the name should be Sphagneticola triloba(Loran Anderson,Sida,in press,Mar. 1995). The familiar name will be retained on this list until the situation has been examined more closely. 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CONTROLS: State of the Art. This is "where the rubber meets the road". Knowledge of the species is necessary to develop the appropriate controls, and documenting the nature of each species' biology here in Collier County and Florida, as well as its impacts on both humans and surrounding natural areas is a continuing process. However, the most goal- oriented focus of research on exotic pest plants has naturally been on controls and eradication. There has also been considerable attention paid to economic utilization of some of these species, especially melaleuca,to help provide incentives to harvest and thereby control their spread. A bibliography of many of these efforts is in the back of this report,but a brief summary of some of the important findings should be useful here. We do not intend to discuss the technical ramifications of any research in this report except where a policy recommendation is concerned. Controls Available: Exotic plants are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1) biological control, 2)mechanical control, 3) physical control, or 4)herbicidal control (Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects,pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. Without bio-controls, it is difficult to see how well established species like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper could ever be subdued. There are too many acres of them. Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft. Lauderdale reports that an insect will be released around October, 1996 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees,but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. He also reports that there exists now a native pathogen(bacteria)which attacks melaleuca and is very effective when mixed with herbicide applications. However, it is not being utilized because it has not been economically feasible to manufacture this mix. There is a need for better research facilities, in particular for quarantine operations, and for dedicated funding of USDA's Australian research station. Mechanical controls are those which"harvest"the plant by hand tools or machinery. This method can be very effective when used with at least one other control-- especially herbicidal follow-up. Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. This is now being used extensively in the Big Cypress National Preserve with success. Fire is introduced at the proper time of year after either mechanical or herbicidal treatment induces a seed release,thus killing both mature and seedling melaleucas. This method has limited application because of the need for large areas, and proper timing of flooding or fire is very difficult. Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. Care must be taken during application to avoid impacting the native vegitation adjacent to treatment areas. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. he la trte Memorandum Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods, [more] Control summary -- labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilain pepper is best managed with both foliar treatments and mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with herbicide. There is hope of other developing control methods such as biological controls combined with herbicidal treatments. Also, tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign. Eradication methods-- see reports on melaleuca removal in the EPPC Mel Mgmt Plan in the various jurisdictions in Florida. Also, see Stormwater Mgmt Dept's activities report to EPTAB Potential use as byproducts: [list research done here -- or under research above?] Actual control efforts currently underway: [list what techniques are being used by whom, how effective, etc. -- this is the same as eradication above, don't do both] Bruce McNall [County Stormwater Management Dept] is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility(about.miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper, downy rosemrytle' ustralian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth, hydrilla, and torpedo grass. Recommendations: [list all our recommendations in every category] Utilization/exploitation... Public education... US program support (grants, etc.--see news article)...[Federal Govt. will probably be instituting a foundation to assist nationally in exotics eradication -- we need to assist that foundation's establishment politically and then queque up at the "trough"] Coordinate with EPPC, Lee County and all entities working on issue... Annual monitoring reports must include exotics assessment...[being done now]. Impro"e enforcement of present laws... [add code enforcement staff to allow for annual monitoring of all county systematically, not just on complaint basis. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the code enforcement budget, not general budget. ] Improve inspection system...[need a better paper trail, need better accountability of engineering inspections so exotics are not overlooked.] Volunteer utilization... Memorandum Because its greatest invasive threat comes from widely distributed sporadic outliers and not dense monocultures, labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca where it is found as individual outliers because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilain pepper is best managed with both foliar treatments and mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with herbicide. Aquatic exotics are currently controlled mostly with herbicidal applications. All treatment operations require vigilant follow-up to ensure long term effectiveness. Utilization and Exploitation Over the years,very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While a number of uses have been identified, only a couple are feasible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch, with one company in Ft. Myers doing about$6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation. The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts Bruce McNall,of the County Stormwater Management Dept, is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility(about 250 miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper,downy rosemyrtle, Australian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth, hydrilla, and torpedo grass. The program has been motivated chiefly by the need for unimpeded flood control functions of these canals, and the results have thus far appear positive. One note of caution is that herbicidal control of aquatic weeds in our canals, where the exotics problem is the worst, can cause trouble if the volume of plant material is so great that their death creates a large fish kill. Appropriate use of mechanical harvesting and adjusting the frequency of spraying can minimize this hazard. Controls Summary Continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control is a critical factor in both the development and implementation of the best comprehensive control strategies. This includes the effective dissemination of this information,along with providing all the economic incentives possible,to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. There is hope of developing better control methods such as biological controls in the near future. Also,tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign and more economical. Success requires both technical and economical feasibility both today and for many generations to come. Ultimately, the only feasible long-term control of widespread exotics like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper is the use of effective biological controls, (Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Everything else is only a stop-gap measure to buy some time and keep the rate of spread minimized. We are not likely to win the eradication war without the systemic help of these plants' natural enemies. VL RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Coordination should occur with all entities working on this problem: USDA, SFWMD,Lee County,Dade County, restoration efforts for the Everglades,the Cooperative Extension Service and the Univ. of nt lin in, ,n Memorandum Florida/IFAS, the National Park Service and all South Florida units-- especially the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park, USACOE, environmental organizations and other private entities, and the Exotic Pest Plant Council (Collier County should become a member of this non-profit group). 2. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money, or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the issue. In particular,the USDA's research station in Australia currently needs dedicated funding of approximatley$250,000/year. Also, there is a strong need for a large quarantine facility here in Florida to make bio-control research possible. There may be some opportunity to link such a facility with the new Florida Gulf Coast University. 3. Improve local enforcement of all regulations aimed at controlling exotics here in Collier County. This includes the following: a. Engage more code enforcement personnel to allow for monitoring the entire county systematically, not only on a complaint basis. b. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the code enforcement budget, not the general budget. c. Improve the inspection system so that there are better uniform records of engineering inspections, and the system will be independent of any one individual's knowledge. d. Public inspection records need to be better organized and accessible to all, including the public. e. Clarify and ensure that exotics management plans get incorporated into homeowners' associations charters when they assume public area responsibilities from the developer. f. Improve follow-up inspection process for code enforcement(will require more staff time). 4. Public education is essential. We must show our population how to recognize exotics, and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports mounting a campaign to familiarize all with ordinances, eradication methods and options, sources for assistance, identification, etc. This should be initiated by the County,but coordinated with local media and civic organiztions. 5. Volunteer help needed. Every effort should be made to encourage volunteer help with any reasonable aspect of exotics control, from county-wide clearing projects to follow-up monitoring assistance(organized "complaint"system of monitoring). Naples "Melaleuca Day"and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer efforts. This also provides great educational value. 6. Utilization of"harvest" and incentives for removal must be encouraged. Melaleuca in particular has been demonstrated to be economically feasible to harvest for making landscape mulch. This reduces the cost of removal and provides incentives as well. Other uses should be pursued as research makes them available, and economic incentives to eradicate, apart from or in addition to regulatory requirements, must be provided for private landowners. This has been a problem in older developed areas where exotics removal wasn't required. a. Subsidized tipping fees for exotics debris. b. Tax credits for voluntary clearing and maintenance of private property. c. Encourage melaleuca mulch over cypress on private property, and require it on all public projects. d. Enforce exotics removal when remodeling cost exceeds 50%of house value. e. Consider requiring removal anytime a property changes hands. (Allowing the presence of exotics to figure in real estate market value provides incentive to remove.) f. Consider adding the EPPC's 30 or so Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the removal list, in the Land Development Code. g. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere withing the county(i.e. Clam Bay). ,.t I • Memorandum 7. Collier County must agressively remove exotics and maintain its own properties as an example, if not to conform with its own regulations. 8. Actively seek funding sources for eradication efforts. This includes application for grants from all sources, and solicitation of labor assistance, either through intern programs like Americorps and college research projects,or through outright volunteers. Labor costs are the biggest expense in eradication. n C l 1/1 if C 1101 09/23/96 15:29 129415A-76683 PHILHARMONIC CTB-- U001 Memorandum S. Actively seek funding sources for eradication efforts. This includes application for grants from all sources, and solicitation of labor assistance,either through intern programs like Americorps and college research projects, or through outright volunteers, Labor costs are the biggest expense in eradication. K, 'PoLem �~ry- 9 rRo IA! L rcory 1 I varte 5q-j- Hi / 1: e J C 4••,„ v 5 .. GL-cLe-CIL 3'�'' r urr� (� r , ' J I +,_ cc I‘ 09 Indc 1.1 01/23/96 15:30 $9412'076683 PHILHARMONIC CTn-- x]002 Memorandum M. CONTROLS: State of the Art. This is "where the rubber meets the road". Knowledge of the species is necessary to develop the appropriate controls,and documenting the nature of each species' biology here in Collier County and Florida,as well as its impacts on both humans and surrounding natural areas is a continuing process. However, the most goal- oriented focus of research on exotic pest plants has naturally been on controls and eradication. There has also been considerable attention paid to economic utilization of some of these species,especially melaleuca to help provide incentives to harvest and thereby control their spread. A bibliography of many of these efforts is in the back of this report,but a brief summary of some of the important findings should be useful here. We do not intend to discuss the technical ramifications of any research in this report except where a policy recommendation is concerned. Controls Available: Exotic plaits are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1) biological control,2)mechanical control,3) physical control,or 4)herbicidal control(Mel. Mgmt. Plan). Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects, pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. Without bio-controls, it is difficult to see how well established species like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper could ever be subdued_ There are too many acres of them. Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft Lauderdale reports that an insect will be released around October, 1996 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees,but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. He also reports that there exists now a native pathogen (bacteria)which attacks melaleuca and is very effective when mixed with herbicide applications. However, it is not being utilized because it has not been economically feasible to manufacture this mix. There is a need for better research facilities, in particular for quarantine operations,and for dedicated funding of USDA's Australian research station. Mechanical controls are those which"harvest"the plant by hand tools or machinery. This method can be very effective when used with at least one other control --especially herbicidal follow-up. Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. This is now being used extensively in the Big Cypress National Preserve with success. Fire is introduced at the proper time of year after either mechanical or herbicidal treatment induces a seed release, thus killing both mature and seedling melaleucas. This method has limited application because of the need for large areas, and proper timing of flooding or fire is very difficult. Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. Care must be taken during application to avoid impacting the native vegitation adjacent to treatment areas. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. Because its greatest invasive threat comes from widely distributed sporadic outliers and not dense monocultures, labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca where it is found as individual outliers because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilain pepper is best managed with both foliar treatments and mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with nr.1.n Inc n . 09/23/96 15:31 1:294176683 PHILHARMONIC CTP,-- (ifj003 Memorandum herbicide. Aquatic exotics are currently controlled mostly with herbicidal applications. All treatment operations require vigilant follow-up to ensure long term effectiveness. Utilization and Exploitation Over the years, very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While a number of uses have been identified, only a couple are fusible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch, with one company in Ft. Myers doing about$6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation_ The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Local Aquatic Weed Control Efforts Bruce McNall, of the County Stormwater Management Dept, is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility(about 250 miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper,downy rosemyrtle,Australian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth,hydrilla, and torpedo grass_ The program has been motivated chiefly by the need for unimpeded flood control functions of these canals, and the results have thus far appear positive. One note of caution is that herbicidal control of aquatic weeds inour canals, where the exotics problem is the worst, can cause trouble if the volume of plant material is so great that their death creates a large fish kill. Appropriate use of mechanical harvesting and adjusting the frequency of spraying can minimize this hazard. Controls Summary Continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control is a critical factor in both the development and implementation of the best comprehensive control strategies. This includes the effective dissemination of this information, along with providing all the economic incentives possible,to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. There is hope of developing better control methods such as biological controls in the near future. Also,tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign and more economical. Success requires both technical and economical feasibility both today and for many generations to come. Ultimately,the only feasible long-term control of widespread exotics like melaleuca and Brazilian pepper is the use of effective biological controls, (Mel. Mgtnt. Plan). Everything else is only a stop-gap measure to buy some time and keep the rate of spread minimized We are not likely to win the eradication war without the systemic help of these plants' natural enemies. VL RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Coordination should occur with all entities working on this problem: USDA, SFWMD,Lee County, Dade County, restoration efforts for the Everglades,the Cooperative Extension Service and the Univ_ of Florida/IFAS,the National Park Service and all South Florida units-- especially the Big Cypress National Preserve and Everglades National Park,USACOE,environmental organizations and other private entities,and the Exotic Pest Plant Council (Collier County should become a member of this non-profit group). hC ry nrn+ .r, W/23/96 15:32 $941F'76683 PHILHARMONIC CTI X1004 Memorar►dum 2. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money, or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the issue. In particular, the USDA's research station in Australia currently needs dedicated funding of approximatley$250,000/year. Also, there is a strong need for a large quarantine facility here in Florida to make bio-control research possible. There may be some opportunity to link such a facility with the new Florida Gulf Coast University. 3. Improve local enforcement of all regulations aimed at controlling exotics here in Collier County. This includes the following: a. Engage more code enforcement personnel to allow for monitoring the entire county systematically, not only on a complaint basis. b. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the code enforcement budget, not the general budget. e. Improve the inspection system so that there are better uniform records of engineering inspections, and the system will be independent of any one individual's knowledge. d. Public inspection records need to be better organized and accessible to all, including the public. e. Clarify and ensure that exotics management plans get incorporated into homeowners' associations charters when they assume public area responsibilities from the developer. f Improve follow-up inspection process for code enforcement(will require more staff time). 4. Public education is essential. We must show our population how to recognize exotics,and make them aware of the dangers and expense they can cause. EPTAB supports mounting a campaign to familiarize all with ordinances, eradication methods and options, sources for assistance,identification., etc. This should be initiated by the County,but coordinated with local media and civic organiztions_ 5. Volunteer help needed. Every effort should be made to encourage volunteer help with any reasonable aspect of exotics control, from, county-wide clearing projects to follow-up monitoring assistance(organized "complaint" system of monitoring). Naples"Melaleuca Day"and the Briggs Nature Center volunteer eradication programs are examples of effective volunteer efforts_ This also provides great educational value. 6. Utilization of"harvest"and_incentives for removal must be encouraged. Melaleuca in particular has been demonstrated to be economically feasible to harvest for making landscape mulch. This reduces the cost of removal and provides incentives as well, Other uses should be pursued as research makes them available,and economic incentives to eradicate, apart from or in addition to regulatory requirements,must be provided for private landowners. This has been a problem in older developed areas where exotics removal wasn't required. a. Subsidized tipping fees for exotics debris. b. Tax credits for voluntary clearing and maintenance of private property. c. Encourage melaleuca mulch over cypress on private property, and require it on all public projects, d. Enforce exotics removal when remodeling cost exceeds 50% of house value. e. Consider requiring removal anytime a property changes hands. (Allowing the presence of exotics to figure in real estate market value provides incentive to remove.) f. Consider adding the EPPC's 30 or so Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the removal list, in the Land Development Code. g. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere withing the county(i.e. Clam Bay). 7. .Collier County must agressi.veiv remove exotics and maintain its own properties as an example, if not to conform with its own regulations. SEP-18-96 WED 11 :49 P� REALTY CONCEPTS - .13+592 0300 P. 01 r FAX COVER SHEET _____ ______, Fax . _ ___ ,__________ _ __ . ___, _ . ., ... . T 0 ` 19eal/g Goncepls 899'lenderbrll'Beach }fid. ole 121 . Naples, Fl 33963 _. _ (941)5924600 FAX(941) 592-0300 • / DATE•46,.. ,Aiii 4 ' TO: /1/../-)0 a//:---- ; 4 , COMPAN ' Z2477 • FAX NO.: 01, FROM / 4 sw---/ COMPANY: Realty Zncep s PHONE NO.:(941) 592-1600 j FAX NO.:(941) 592-0300 NO. PAGES: NCL COVER PAGE r NOTES: / / Airil'r /r iii-, _._/ / i po,d SEP-18-96 WED 11 :50 P-" REALTY CONCEPTS X13+592 0300 P. 02 TABLE OF CONTENTS Problem Overview Introduction The plants Financial Costs Control Efforts Recommendations II Literature Review Research Efforts Control methods Eradication Procedures Exploitation, Uses III Ordinances & Rules County Land Development Code Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordinance Growth Management Plan City of Naples IV Project Review PUDs, Subdivisions, Condos Commercial Public Projects Site Visits by EPTAB Private developments Public Projects Problem Areas Potential Solutions V Control Efforts Federal / State Local VI Recommendations Appendix A Dangerous Species Appendix B etc Appendices should include the Economic 1 --1,.71- State- ment;portions of the Melaleuca Management Plan : pgs from Sustainable South Florida; Ordinances (?) , ' other materials with respect to avoiding overdoing bu , A. . SEP-18-96 WED 11 :51 P"" REALTY CONCEPTS '-''13+592 0300 P. 03 C. Problem areas Grandfathered subdivisions (if feasible) ****** Kim, this is FYI, in case you want it or can find a place for it. ******* 1 i Grandfathered Subdivisions I Throughout the urban area there are many subdivisionS created prior to the ordinances prohibiting exotic pants. Several of the older subdivisions, condominiums and ther projects include areas where exotics have been allow d to establish themselves, or even cases where the exotic were used deliberately. For example, the rear of Wyndeme. e where it borders 1-75, was planted with a mile or more of Java plum trees, no doubt intended to act as buffers. In older subdivisions, there is no mechanism to control spreading or provide for removal of exotics until such time as existing structures are substantially improved. Marco Island, Pine Ridge, Lely and Port Royal are just a few exam- ples of the problem. Rights of Way In general, rights of way in more heavily used partsof the County are not badly infested by exotics, although ib many cases they grow right up to and often overhang the R O-W boundary. Some exceptions noted were Trail Blvd inPine Ridge, where Brazilian pepper has grown 20 feet or Ire into the R-O-W. The same condition occurs along the nort ern part of Ridge Drive. Golden Gate Blvd from 9th St approx- imately) to DeSoto Blvd has many of the most invasiv exot- ics, as do Pine Ridge Road from 1-75 to CR 951 , and ander- bilt Drive between 111th Ave and Wiggins Pass. Vanderbilt Drive is an acute situation. On the south side of Vnder- bilt near the Anchorage Condominium, Brazilian pepper has displaced several acres of mangroves. Australian pipes are established also and contribute to stressing, shading out and killing mangroves. Considering the degree of concern and the ready availability of funds to investigate and correct the problem of 4ad man- groves in Pelican Bay, it must be considered unacceptable to allow their extermination by exptic plants on other public property so accessible to the entire population. i SEP-10-96 WED 11 :52 Asn REALTY _ CONCEPTS -X13-rS92 0300 P. O4 3 1 :::.-Ni.") • • f 10 z1 sp u I 9g N 13,' S 89'28'25 }rpu_, ` J £ 4i' 24.0' R 877.3e 4. 1a ' u S 89'28'25- EN ,E'CL 2 STORY - CBS r S 400.00' S UNDER CONST. L \ p an F.F. EL 120Y "' Li Q ,YC'OL 4'aof as.o' N 1, .ukt ai (2 s".-----------...,.....1_,_ lq S 88 '25- E . \ A iy 400.:.. -- I vi .rt • 2R ,n ....S '/0.-�I41/ ' J �_ 7 i an o (S A. . \\7 . \\ z z � z W ,• £ An m• o t. A s 'E il .- N v \? oohs �_ mV// fel N'4 /r-1 ii.' 'irk 1,7 133 10• Z 40 4 --I m,, D. VI Z i 1 ' ....._k.,.., 0 1.4 . i - IS :" N. . ? 01 6 2 -0 Egs a 01„off mNN D m i -711 1 '' A n ' T 03 Li m.'� N 88'49'35- W 'n m Z n a m LA JJJ 772.81' \\ 8p. Z N r*i E)-. IT1 A m V Z 5�t �' �j w Z rn ,, (...'6\4 G{ � G7 N., 4 LSI C m5 1.1 oZ� Y < Az O : g F. P \e( 1 1 -... :F --- - - ' -- County Manager's Agency ATTENTION: LOCAL MEDIA Office of Public Information 774-8069 Contact: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P. E. , Director Natural Resources Department 732-2505 The Exotic Plant Committee of the Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board will be meeting on Friday, September 13, 1996 at 8: 00 a.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd Floor of the Health and Community Services Building (formerly Building H) at the Collier County Government Center. Released September 10, 1996 LuvvyA c1'.'s • ,r.?C- ms s ce_s e- COLLIER C-AUNTY NATURAL RESOURCES DEPAR1MLA I \ti \ , , . i ,,,:„ . a \ ; ( ( 7( - / / t' ) - ':%_-tNO, ighfr,-:-:;- I' 47g, r "mirlikiTif, ,,-) ; 4C1 9) ) Silt 4V 4(406 it ,' - ' Alt rt,(117-girAttfil'i kVitit ttp.<410 AcASt„./t i P:4 ,,,,t,,+ii: pirt ,Itepip/ ,, yfry. _\ ,t FACSIMILE TO: CHvC r' � LOCATION: NiQ-f L-t. RL 4 i--7Y C vc , FAX NUMBER: 5 2 -- 0300 DATE: ,/143/7 NUMBER OF PAGES: COMMENTS: C/-{ u C/c _L ,..;- , /4. -c: yv in-i 7-/eri 6...,chiams- (set iteove) Pc . V IS i r GJ!T Y®:/.Ll' e ./Y/r7 Sc " FROM.toe fq ,-/ P PeteVr'.i : TELEPHONE: (94 1) 732-2505 --P7 j,\/1(.5' k//Pld 6)(C)/ FAX: (941 ) 774-9222 Collier County Natural Resources Department, Building Ii 3301 East Tamimai Trail Naples, Florida 33962 SEP-13-95 FRI 09 :50 A. REALTY CONCEPTS X13+592 0300 P. 01___ CHARLES F. RAY 85 RIDGE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 33963 (941) 597-3298 September 13, 1996 MEMO TO: Kim Polen FROM: Chuck Ray RE: Exotics I toured Veterans Park off Immokalee Road to look for exotic infestation. There are Brazilian pepper (BP) on the right of way ap- proaching. Just inside the entry there are large clumps of BP on the right side. i West of the tennis courts is a "natural " area of mostly slash pine. The grove includes a number of melaleuca of various ages. Several BP had been cut back, but not killed. They are sprouting vigorously. BP are al over in the park. Several clumps were examined without finding any sign of ever being cut back, or of other efforts at elimination. Apparently exotics never were cleared when the park was built. Vetera Park demo trates that County does not abide by its own r le j September 9, 1996 (DRAFT) EXOTIC PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Exotics Subcommittee Report I PROBLEM OVERVIEW This paper discusses an ecological problem of unparalelled significance and danger to the natural ecology of South Florida. It is the consensus of many of Florida 's most prominent biologists, that the uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing Southwest Florida today. Exotic plants are changing the face of South Florida. They have displaced highly valued mangrove trees along miles of shoreline. They have altered thousands of acres of habitat including that of the Florida panther and other endangered species. They cause human suffering by causing allergic reactions and they cost our citizens millions of dollars every year. The problem becomes nore critical every day. It has been calculated that melaleuca trees invade another 50 acres every day (Plunkett ) . It is imperative that Collier County and its citizens participate in the control and eradication of this menace. The Florida Cooperative Extension Service has proposed that "it is the responbility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecolog- ical damage to native ecosystems " (IFAS Circular 868) . The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) agrees with that position and accepts the inherent requirement "to do something about it ". Consistent with that responsibility, EPTAB undertook this project to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County, to evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control exotics, and to consider measures that might enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. In order to limit the study to manageable proportions it was decided to concentrate on terrestrial species in the mostly urban and suburban areas in the western part of the County. Certainly there are vast areas of infestation in eastern parts of the County. With the exception of agricultural zones those areas mostly are under the control of State or Federal agencies, and there is less opportunity for local involvement. Also, there are serious aquatic pests such as Hydrilla and water hyacinth causing serious problems in our canals and waterways. Those species are the subject of ) canals and waterways. Those species are the subject of continuous and concentrated study by many experts who have made control of aquatic exotics their life work. EPTAB accepts that it would be presumptuous to assume that we could improve upon their work. THE PLANTS Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia, South America and other continents, that are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. Melaleuca in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native treeislands, sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited wildlife value and reduced species diversity. They are known to impact a number of endangered or threat- ened species including Florida panther, wood stork, Big Cypress fox squire] and others ( ) . The loss of more than 28 square miles of habitat is one of the most serious imp- acts to wildlife. Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics including Brazilian pepper. This plant is in the same family as poison oak and poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred to as Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment the imports are free of predators, natural enem- ies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier County by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way, agricultural lands, undeveloped areas and older subdivis- ions. Infestations appear to commence along roads and other rights of way, at field margins and in other areas where native plant communities have been disturbed by earth moving. Australian pines grow quickly to maybe 50 feet in ten years, perhaps 100 feet by the age of 20. A steady rain of seed from the original colonizer creates a carpet of seedlings under the canopy. The sprouting melaleuca are just about the only plant able to survive in the dakenend and chemicaly altered environment. The greatest example of this takeover is what should be one of the Naples area 's environmental showplaces, Keywaydin Island. Boat the Intercoastal Waterway from Naples toward Marco Island and you will see not a showplace anchored by magroves, one of our most imoportant native plants, but instead miles of shoreline where Australian pines have replaced the mangrove. Some other less well know but potentially dangerous species are earleaf acacia, womans tongue, downy rosemyrtle, java melaleuca control over the past ten years. The benefits of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at $168. 6 Million dollars per year (Melaleuca Management Plan) (MMP) . An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statemetnt: The Addition of Melaleucainquenervia to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant Lis ( Diamond, Davis & Schmitz) CONTROL EFFORTS The Board of County Commissioners through its various agen- cies has enacted a number of ordinances and procedures int- ended to limit the invasion of exotic plants. The Land Dev- elopment Code (LDC) and Planned Unit Development (PUD) Ord- inances were enacted to insure the removal of exotics from new sudivisions, planned communities and commercial projects prior to their final approval by County agencies. Acceptan- ce Inspections are performed by Collier County Engineering Inspectors. The Litter, Weeds & Exotics Ordianance applies to easements, rights of way, established subdivisions and miscellaneous situations. Due to limited manpower, enforce- ment usually occurs only in response to complaints. With advice and assistance by Natural Resources scientists, EPTAB selected a number of residential , commercial and public projects for evaluation. Removal appears to be complete in the majority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately the followup often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Collier County fails to abide by its own ordinances in many of the public projects. East Naples Community Park and Barefoot Beach Park both have serious infestations of exot- ics; some road and canal rights of way are seriously inf- ested. Those less traveled usually are the most seriously impacted. However the problem has reached advanced stages along such major arterials. Along Vanderbilt Drive between Bluebill Avenue and Wiggins Pass Road the mangroves, button- woods and other salt tolerating trees and understory have been replaced by Brazilian pepper and Australian pine. Our media dwell at every opportunity on protecting our "fragile ecosystem" and on the tremendous environmental value of the mangroves. As a community we all espouse our love of the environment. The time is past due for all of us to demonstrate that concern by acting to control the problem. As leaders of the community we hope that the Board of County Commissioners will take the lead. There are many ways to conduct the campaign within a modest budget. Public education must be an important component. We must plum and catclaw mimosa. Lesser known only to a complacent population; to even the amateur ecologist they are symbols of a scourge. Many of these exotics are to be seen as valued specimens in yards of our "upscale subdivisions ". Aquatic species including water hyacinth and hydrilla cause great damage to navigation and drainage, but are not consid- ered herein. The most serious of the species are identified and described by Appendix A. The present list of prohibited species should be expanded to incude several others just becoming recognized as potential pathogens. The widely used asparagus fern and ground cover Wedelia are just two. FINANCIAL EFFECTS The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measur- ing, and every citizen pays part of the cost. Current County budgets include $80, 000 for exotic removal and control in Clam Bay alone. County Stormwater Management Dept is res- ponsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549, 400 for removal of exotics because they are partly responsible for widespread flooding (McNall , pers. comm) . Exotics add to the cost of nearly every new dwelling. Every building permit requires that all exotic plants be removed from the site prior to the County issuing a Certificate of Occupancy. In the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pines, the cost can run to many thousands of dollars. For the builder of a modest home in Golden Gate Estates, the cost of clearing is a major consideration. It is important in the selection of a home- site, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Melaleuca groves are a fire hazard. They produce an oily substance that burns fiercely once ignited, and often spreads to the stuctures which they surround. Several of the plants constitute a health hazard( ) . Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irrit- ant. Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy, and has the same effects on some of the more sensitive of our population. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures, The US Departments of Interior, Agriculture, Florida State Parks & Recreation, Forestry and other agencies, South Florida Water Management District and other entitites annually spend huge sums. The State of Florida currently spends more than $2. 2 million on melaleuca control alone, and South Florida Water Management District spent $1 . 4 million on melaleuca control in their Water Conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal, State and local agencies spent nearly $10 million dollars on Memorandum Public/County developments and projects: [Nancy will cover--incorporate findings from inspections] Rights-of-way, easements, and older subdivisions: [Chuck will cover] III. Literature Review -- listed in bibliography. Research: The focus of research on exotic pest plants has naturally been on controls and eradication. However, knowledge of the species is necessary to develop the appropriate controls. Documenting the nature of each species' biology here in Collier County and Florida, as well as its impacts on both humans and surrounding natural areas is a continuing process. There has also been considerable attention paid to economic utilization of some of these species, especially melaleuca, to help provide incentives to harvest and thereby control their spread. A bibliography of many of these efforts is in the back of this report, but a brief summary of some of the important findings should be useful here. We do not intend to discuss the technical ramifications of any research in this report except where a policy recommendation is concerned. [note only research points, not common practices] [Research points] Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft. Lauderdale reports that an insect will be release around October, 1996 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees, but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. He also reports that there exists now a native pathogen(bacteria) which attacks melaleuca and is very effective when mixed with herbicide applications. However, it is not being utilized because it has not been economically feasible to manufacture this mix. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. We should stress that this requires continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control. This includes the effective dissemination of this information to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. Over the years, very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While a number of uses have been identified, only a couple are feasible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch, with one company in Ft. Myers doing about $6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation. The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Controls: Exotic plants are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1)biological control, 2) mechanical control, 3) physical control, or 4) herbicidal control. Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects, pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. [more] Mechanical controls are those which"harvest"the plant by hand tools or machinery. [more] Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. [more] I Memorandum *** DRAFT VERSION 8/5/96 *** EPTAB Subcommittee on Terrestrial Exotics in Collier County Report to the Full EPTAB for Consideration of Submission to the BCC Points to make: 1. Focus on melaleuca, Brazilian pepper, Australian pine -- esp. melaleuca. 2. Main problems are: a) decreased biodiversity, b)human and wildlife health troubles, c)economic impact on eco-tourism and property values, d) fire hazards associated with melaleuca. 3. This report will focus on situation in Collier County leExtent of exotics problem in general, specifically re: above plants in Collier County Rules and regulations are basically sufficient to deal with the problem(however, there are some bad rules ing considered by the SFWMD on melaleuca), but enforcement and execution are lacking, both on public and private projects and developments. Back this up with evidence locally(investigations). 6. Public is not well informed on issue. Education must be improved, including volunteer help utilization. 7. Problem affects many, so coordination on solutions also a must (government agencies, local, state and fed, plus private sector help). 8. Cost and labor is a big factor in how much gets done -- incentives, research funding, grants, economic utilization incentives, and volunteer help needed. Mention aquatic exotics, problems and controls locally? (a more confined and definable problem--waterway jurisdiction is easier to name, at least Stormwater Mgmt. Dept. and Big Cypress Basin Board's areas). 10. Consider adding more species from the EPPC's Category I list to the landscaping prohibition list,and possibly the removal list. 11. Address the re-establishment of the formerly existing native plant community after removal of exotics. This should be mentioned both in the section on eradication methods and actions as well as discussion of county practices on follow-up after removal. **POLICY RECOliE 9AT * REF RENCES ARE UNDERLINED ** Project Review: General introd tion: [mention inspections EPTAB did] Because the focus of this report is to assist in understanding how exotics are managed here in Collier County, it follows that an important part of this examination will look at the local development process. Certainly, the vast expanses of noxious weed infestations in the eastern portions of the county are a serious issue, but there is less opportunity for local `\ involvement there than in areas where other agencies have less responsibility. Priyate developments and projects: [Brad will cover--incorporate findings from inspections] ** NEED TO DO SI 1'E VISITS TO HIDEAWAY BEACH, CRYSTAL LAKE RV PARK, FOXFIRE, AND ROYAL WOOD ** (BRIARWOOD HAS EXAMPLES OF THE MORE DETAILED SIGNOFF LIST FOR SUBDIVISIONS). After considerable discussions with county staff, examination of development services records and site visits, we have concluded that there are some deficiences in the process which ensures exotics removal from all development sites, conservation areas, public areas and rights of way. These deficiencies primarily do not reflect problems with the staff who are inspecting for compliance with these development regulations, but rather with the record keeping process. There is not a good paper trail to follow when verifying that proper exotics eradication has taken place and been certified through inspection. This is particularly a problem with projects larger than a duplex. The process to inspect single family homes and duplexes utilizes an itemized inspection sheet which prompts answers on exotics removal compliance. Such a list is not used for larger developments, and it is our opinion that it would improve the compliance inspection process prior to final acceptance of a development. fs e I,f in," Memorandum Do not offer mitigation credits for removal of exotics -- the more exotics are seen as a depressing factor on the real estate market, the more financial incentive there is for removal by owners and/or sellers. Of course, this assumes enforcement of all laws requiring their removal anytime development takes places OR land changes hands. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money, or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the problem (like USDA's research station in Australia which currently needs help securing dedicated funding at a rate of$250,000/year. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere(i.e. Clam Bay). Possible recommendation to add all 30 or so species on the EPPC's Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the remove list. Require melaleuca mulch on all public projects (or at least the mulch produced at the landfill mulching project). �c I z rt yci oA re .�wc • c � , GXv'r � �'zww✓� S'�„ c �.:�� er 5L �u �_�{•-� ,,, c' CXC., i t r � I-�Z) W� �. l ,v. J�r�`� die 40 � J 1..0 �.L. 1•.;? r Lids f h c je t f:.i i neiinin4 0 e $- S -9 EXOTIC TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY UPDATED Scope of Work & Report Outline (Aug 5, '96) I. Problem Overview: The Plants and their effects; why EPTAB involvement; Assessment of the problem & how County attempts to control it; (c. f. Bradley) (CR) A. Ecological; worst problem with natural environment B. Financial . . . private / public; Cost of control to public agencies run to millions; $540K+ for stormwater mgt alone; potential for storm damage (Aussie, mel . ) C. Public health aspects; no input from Dept pub hlth nor from private practitioners. Need to try at State level . D. Aesthetic / others; no input here. . worth covering? E. Control Efforts & Effectiveness II. Ordinances, Rules (Nancy Payton) (to involve Vince Cautero) A. Local . . .County; GMP, LDC, Naples LDC, etc. B. State, Federal (should we drop?) Consider the amount of state & fed land in county! III. Literature Review (Brad C. ) (?) Research efforts (Separate section on this??) Controls Eradication Methods Potential use as byproducts (Maybe this section should be covered in other areas) IV Project Review (Kim P) (?) A. Planning, processing and project review: Flow charts, inspection forms; followup 1 . PUDs; new subdivisions; condominiums; commercial projects. 2. County Properties: Proposed projects; Existing facilities; buildings, treatment plants, parks, Rights of way / easements (canals - transmission lines, etc. ) B. Inspection by Exotic subcommittee for compliance and / or infestations; both private and public; sub- committee findings C. Problem areas Grandfathered subdivisions (if feasible) i i i SS b'S7d S.LNHWW00 ******* (eioutN) pain srgj ur papaau yrosi il r j rgwj rnew 7utJg jnr.7ualod !saoJnos Hurpung !uorlpzapag aJrjpjr1 'dounAJasuo0 'L1a[ooS uognpnd 's.rajoA uawog Jo anffsa7 'sussd JauxoawoH :ef j runwwwoo pun dj rwpj 'i ,Yojooa uo sjoaj ja jpr.7uajod 'uorl ruTooaJ apn jour of NUN ur sajorl1w Jo sarJas !orjgnd of uorinurwassra •SUSSV .rauMoawoq 'sJaumoawoq JOJ aoupw rssn Jo saoinos a jq rssod jnsodsrp ajgppzo_ ji uo s7u1H suor7nwo 'sainpaoo.rd 'stool 'saprorq.raq :sjnr.ralnw pun spog3ajy •uo r f po r pPJa pun j o.r j uoo JOJ uor.pw.ro,jur aprAozd pup 'luasaid .fagl swajgoid aqj agrzosap 'sjunjd Ajrjuapr of s[nrzalpw Jo uorini ndaid uor.7wonpa orjgnd • •go.rpasaJ pun j q 'noqj ae r;naso autos paau s.7onpoid .radpd 'asn 2n ioj juawpuawp Hos 'jwrluajod 2ur.rr,1 Jajroq / uorinJaua8 saAtod :jwooango :gojnN sasn palpa.7suowap Jo uorsundxa !sasn ajgrssod :uorlpwojdxg suorinpuawwooag 'IA (6pn.rg) suor2r1 wrj jnuorjorpsr.rnp dnhxo j jot 'sffurwoo fogs 'donnbapn !j uawaoJoJu,7 ajvjg / pad- - jnoo7 (pau2rssn 7oN) s1.rojjj jozjuop •A aounualurw/y pun .7uawssassy sorjoxg apnjour o7 :sliodad jnnuud (�suor�p -puawwooaz ur JO a.raq ssa.rppn o.) suorinjog jnrjualod •a (i) s.rag20 in August S. 1996 (DRAFT) EXOTIC PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Exotics Subcommittee Report I PROBLEM OVERVIEW The uncontrolled spreading of exotic plants is the most serious ecological problem facing Southwest Florida today. That is the consensus of opinion of more than twenty of Florida 's prominent biological experts from government , academia and industry. The Florida Cooperative Extension Service proposes that "it is the responbility of those who are aware of the problems caused by noxious exotic plants to educate others as to their identity and control to prevent further ecological damage to native ecosystems " (IFAS Circular 868) . The Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board (EPTAB) agrees with that position and accepts the inherent responsibility. Consistent with that responsibility, this project was undertaken by the Collier County EPTAB. The goal of EPTAB is to determine the extent of the problem in Collier County. evaluate the mechanisms available to limit or control the problem. andto consider measures that could enhance County effectiveness in dealing with the problem. The project was initiated in response to the serious nature of the problem and what appears to be widespread apathy toward the problem by the general public and by some public agency personnel . THE PLANTS Exotic plants are species that were introduced accidentally or deliberately from Australia. South America and other continents , that are proliferating in Florida at the expense of native species. Melaleuca in particular has altered vast areas of the Everglades by replacing native treeislands . sawgrass marshes and other habitats. The mature trees typically form impassable jungles of light blocking stands which virtually eliminate other plant species. The stands have limited wildlife value and reduced species diversity. They are known to impact a number of endangered or threat- ened species including Florida panther. wood stork, Big Cypress fox squirel and others ( ) . Less thoroughly documented are the impacts of other exotics including Brazilian pepper. This plant is in the same family as poison oak / poison ivy. It has brilliant red berries and sometimes is referred to as Christmas holly. The colorful berries may have been responsible for its APPENDIX A 1 BOTANICAL DESCRIPTIONS and CONTROL REOCMMENDATIONS CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS MELALEUCA (Melaleuca quinquenervia) Paperbark, cajeput tree Description: Found in just about any habitat; extremely fast growing to 150 feet high. Bark is spongy, whitish and scaly, often rolled back upon itself; trees sometinmes called paper bark. Leavelets dark green & elliptical , 1-3 inches long; flowers white in spikes resembling a bottle- brush; seeds woody, roughly spherical , borne in clusters along stems. After seeds mature, the stem grows further to bear additional leaves, flowers and seeds. Seeds remain clustered on branch until released because of fire, high wind, heavy rain or other disturbance. Problem: Melaleuca are unbelievably prolific. It begins producing seeds in two to three years after germination and may store up to 20, 000, 000 seeds on itself when mature. Seeds sprout quickly and form dense stands within which no other plant species can survive. Melaleuca threatens to replace natural plant communities and the animals that live therein. The plants have little apparent value to wildlife. Mature stands limit all larger mammals and many of the smaller which often form part of the food chain for predato- ry birds, reptiles and other mammals. By limiting the number of deer per unit area, they are considered a direct impact to the Florida Panther. CONTROLS: In urban, suburban or populated rural areas, control of seedlings is an effective measure. Particularly when the soil is moist, seedlings can be carefuly puled from the ground so that roots come out intact and the entire organism is removed. Roots when broken off often resprout. Larger trees can be removed mechanically, but roots and stumps will resprout. Followup measures involving herbi- cides or repeated plowing or grading will be necessary to kill sprouts. Potential biological controls are being identified and cultured in the United States. importation as a decorative plant specimen. In the Florida environment the imports are free of predators , natural enem- ies and other constraints, so are free to flourish and out compete native plant communities. Brazilian pepper has altered the appearance of Collier County by dominating, often eliminating native species on public rights of way. agricultural lands , undeveloped areas and older subdivis- ions. Some other less well know but potentially dangerous species are earleaf acacia . womans tongue, downy rosemyrtle, java plum and catclaw mimosa. Aquatic species including water hyacinth and hydrilla have caused great damage to navigation and drainage, but are not considered herein . The most serious of the species are identified and described by Appendix A. FINANCIAL EFFECTS The financial cost of exotic plants is almost beyond measur- ing, and every citizen pays part of the cost . Current County budgets include $80, 000 for exotic removal and control in Clam Bay alone. County Stormwater Management Dept is resppnsible for 278 miles of waterways. They have budgeted $549, 400 for removal of exotics because they are partly responsible for widespread flooding (McNall , perscomm) . Exotics add to the cost of nearly every new dwelling. Every building permit requires that all exotic plants be removed from the site prior to the County issuing a Certificate of Completion. In the case of large plots seriously infected with large melaleuca or Australian pines. the cost can run to many thousands of dollars. For the builder of a modest home on a Golden Gate Estates acreage, the cost of clearing is a major consideration. It is importabnt in the selection of a hopmesite, and may prevent less affluent owners from building. Several of the plants constitute a health hazard( ) . Melaleuca is widely recognized as a human respiratory irritant . Brazilian pepper is closely related to poison ivy, and has the same effects on some of the more sensitive of our population. Both cause asthma and create other allergy related health problems. All of us pay these costs directly through medical bills or indirectly through higher insurance rates or subsidized care. Besides County expenditures , The US Departments of Interior. Agriculture, Florida State Parks & Recreation. Forestry and other agencies, South Florida Water Management District and other entitites annually spend huge sums. The State of Florida currently spends more than $2. 2 million on melaleuca control alone, and South Florida Water Management District spent $1 . 4 million on melaleuca control in their Water Conservation Area 3. It is estimated that Federal , State and local agencies spent nearly $10 million dollars on melaleuca control over the past ten years. The benefits of removal and/or prevention of complete infestation of the Everglades and South Florida wetlands was estimated at $168. 6 Million dollars per year (Melaleuca Management Plan ) (MMP) . An excellent summary of existing and potential costs of exotic plant infestations is provided by the Economic Impact Statemetnt: The Addition of Melaleuca Quinquenervia to the Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plant List ( Diamond. Davis & Schmitz) CONTROL EFFORTS The Board of County Commissioners through its various agen- cies has enacted a number of ordinances and procedures int- ended to limit the invasion of exotic plants. The Land Dev- elopment Code (LDC) and Planned Unit Development (PUD) Ord- inances were enacted to insure the removal of exotics from new sudivisions , planned communities and commercial projects prior to their final approval by County agencies. Acceptan- ce Inspections are performed by Collier County Engineering Inspectors. Removal appears to be complete in themajority of these projects at the time of completion. Unfortunately the followup often is lacking. Exotics resprout soon after eradication and continue to flourish. Collier County fails to abide by its own ordinances in many of the public projects. East Naples Community Park and Barefoot Beach Park both have serious infestations of exotics ; road and canal rights of way often are seriously infested, particularly those less traveled. The Litter. Weeds & Exotics Ordianance applies to easements , rights of way. established subdivisions and miscellaneous situations . Due to limited manpower. enforcement usually occurs only in response to complaints. Naples Melaleuca Day; Briggs Nature Center volunteer activities; 0_1,-- 54 Memorandum *** DRAFT VERSION 8/5/96 *** EPTAB Subcommittee on Terrestrial Exotics in Collier County Report to the Full EPTAB for Consideration of Submission to the BCC Points to make: 1. Focus on melaleuca, Brazilian pepper, Australian pine -- esp. melaleuca. 2. Main problems are: a) decreased biodiversity, b)human and wildlife health troubles,c) economic impact on eco-tourism and property values, d) fire hazards associated with melaleuca. 3. This report will focus on situation in Collier County 4. Extent of exotics problem in general, specifically re: above plants in Collier County 5. Rules and regulations are basically sufficient to deal with the problem(however, there are some bad rules being considered by the SFWMD on melaleuca),but enforcement and execution are lacking,both on public and private projects and developments. Back this up with evidence locally(investigations). 6. Public is not well informed on issue. Education must be improved, including volunteer help utilization. 7. Problem affects many, so coordination on solutions also a must(government agencies, local, state and fed, plus private sector help). 8. Cost and labor is a big factor in how much gets done -- incentives, research funding, grants, economic utilization incentives, and volunteer help needed. 9. Mention aquatic exotics, problems and controls locally? (a more confined and definable problem--waterway jurisdiction is easier to name, at least Stormwater Mgmt. Dept. and Big Cypress Basin Board's areas). 10. Consider adding more species from the EPPC's Category I list to the landscaping prohibition list,and possibly the removal list. 11. Address the re-establishment of the formerly existing native plant community after removal of exotics. This should be mentioned both in the section on eradication methods and actions as well as discussion of county practices on follow-up after removal. ** POLICY RECOMMENDATION REFERENCES ARE UNDERLINED ** Project Review: General introduction: [mention inspections EPTAB did] Because the focus of this report is to assist in understanding how exotics are managed here in Collier County, it follows that an important part of this examination will look at the local development process. Certainly,the vast expanses of noxious weed infestations in the eastern portions of the county are a serious issue, but there is less opportunity for local involvement there than in areas where other agencies have less responsibility. Private developments and projects: [Brad will cover--incorporate findings from inspections] **NEED TO DO SITE VISITS TO HIDEAWAY BEACH, CRYSTAL LAKE RV PARK, FOXFIRE, AND ROYAL WOOD ** (BRIARWOOD HAS EXAMPLES OF THE MORE DETAILED SIGNOF'F LIST FOR SUBDIVISIONS). After considerable discussions with county staff, examination of development services records and site visits, we have concluded that there are some deficiences in the process which ensures exotics removal from all development sites, conservation areas, public areas and rights of way. These deficiencies primarily do not reflect problems with the staff who are inspecting for compliance with these development regulations,but rather with the record keeping process. There is not a good paper trail to follow when verifying that proper exotics eradication has taken place and been certified through inspection. This is particularly a problem with projects larger than a duplex. The process to inspect single family homes and duplexes utilizes an itemized inspection sheet which prompts answers on exotics removal compliance. Such a list is not used for larger developments, and it is our opinion that it would improve the compliance inspection process prior to final acceptance of a development. .Memorandum Public/County developments and projects: [Nancy will cover--incorporate findings from inspections] Rights-of-way, easements, and older subdivisions: [Chuck will cover] III. Literature Review-- listed in bibliography. Research: The focus of research on exotic pest plants has naturally been on controls and eradication. However, knowledge of the species is necessary to develop the appropriate controls. Documenting the nature of each species' biology here in Collier County and Florida, as well as its impacts on both humans and surrounding natural areas is a continuing process. There has also been considerable attention paid to economic utilization of some of these species, especially melaleuca, to help provide incentives to harvest and thereby control their spread. A bibliography of many of these efforts is in the back of this report,but a brief summary of some of the important findings should be useful here. We do not intend to discuss the technical ramifications of any research in this report except where a policy recommendation is concerned. [note only research points, not common practices] [Research points] Ted Center of the USDA research center in Ft. Lauderdale reports that an insect will be release around October, 1996 which devours new growths on melaleuca. This insect comes from Australia and is the result of research efforts at the USDA's laboratory there. Because it only eats new shoots, it will not kill host trees, but it will slow the spread of more plants because the flowers are consumed. He also reports that there exists now a native pathogen(bacteria) which attacks melaleuca and is very effective when mixed with herbicide applications. However, it is not being utilized because it has not been economically feasible to manufacture this mix. Research has provided a great deal of information on the best methods to apply herbicides to various target weeds. With these data and field experience, it should be easier to plan the best management practices for all pest control situations. We should stress that this requires continuous coordination and dialogue amongst all agencies and entities responsible for exotic weed control. This includes the effective dissemination of this information to individual homeowners and businesses out there doing it themselves. Over the years, very serious attempts have been made to discover economic uses for some of these weeds, in particular melaleuca. While a number of uses have been identified, only a couple are feasible. Melaleuca is now being successfully marketed as a landscape mulch, with one company in Ft. Myers doing about $6 million of business each year selling this product nationally. There is also a strong potential use for melaleuca as a fuel for power generation. The hardwood core of melaleuca is suitable for tomato stakes and could be used for shipping pallets. Brazilian pepper is only marketable as a mulch. Controls: Exotic plants are currently controlled or managed in one or more of the following ways: 1)biological control, 2)mechanical control, 3)physical control, or 4) herbicidal control. Biological control involves the use of natural enemies of the targeted species, including insects, pathogens and other host-specific herbivorous organisms. [more] Mechanical controls are those which "harvest"the plant by hand tools or machinery. [more] Physical controls refer to manipulating environmental conditions such as water levels and fire to stress a plant until it either dies or is vulnerable to other treatments. [more] Memorandum Herbicidal control indicates the use of chemicals manufactured to kill the plant through a variety of treatment regimens and application methods. [more] Control summary-- labor intensive single tree treatment with herbicides is the preferred control of melaleuca because it does not affect native vegetation nearby and is very effective on target plants. Brazilain pepper is best managed with both foliar treatments and mechanical removal followed by herbicide treatment. Australian pine is most effectively controlled by single tree girdling and painting with herbicide. There is hope of other developing control methods such as biological controls combined with herbicidal treatments. Also, tests are continuing on the use of broadcast foliar herbicidal treatments which will be environmentally benign. Eradication methods-- see reports on melaleuca removal in the EPPC Mel Mgmt Plan in the various jurisdictions in Florida. Also, see Stormwater Mgmt Dept's activities report to EPTAB Potential use as byproducts: [list research done here --or under research above?] Actual control efforts currently underway: [list what techniques are being used by whom, how effective, etc. -- this is the same as eradication above, don't do both] Bruce McNall [County Stormwater Management Dept] is systematically spraying herbicides and cutting back all growth along all canals which are in the county's maintenance responsibility(about miles). This targets both terrestrial species as well as aquatic, including Brazilian pepper,downy rosemrytlelustralian pine, melaleuca, water hyacinth, hydrilla, and torpedo grass. Recommendations: [list all our recommendations in every category] Utilization/exploitation... Public education... US program support(grants, etc.--see news article)...[Federal Govt. will probably be instituting a foundation to assist nationally in exotics eradication-- we need to assist that foundation's establishment politically and then queque up at the "trough"] Coordinate with EPPC,Lee County and all entities working on issue... Annual monitoring reports must include exotics assessment...[being done now]. Improve enforcement of present laws... [add code enforcement staff to allow for annual monitoring of all county systematically, not just on complaint basis. Collect on foreclosed liened properties on weed violations and put that money in the code enforcement budget, not general budget. ] Improve inspection system...[need a better paper trail, need better accountability of engineering inspections so exotics are not overlooked.] Volunteer utilization... _.iemorandum Do not offer mitigation credits for removal of exotics--the more exotics are seen as a depressing factor on the real estate market,the more financial incentive there is for removal by owners and/or sellers. Of course,this assumes enforcement of all laws requiring their removal anytime development takes places OR land changes hands. Assist any research efforts through either direct contributions of county staff time and/or money, or through political lobbying on behalf of other entities working on the problem(like USDA's research station in Australia which currently needs help securing dedicated funding at a rate of$250,000/year. Re-establishment of the former native plant community is very important part of eradication. This must be given more weight in drafting policies on removal anywhere(i.e. Clam Bay). Possible recommendation to add all 30 or so species on the EPPC's Category I list of most invasive weeds to the county's landscape prohibition list, or even the remove list. Require melaleuca mulch on all public projects(or at least the mulch produced at the landfill mulching project). G Keitic i^z w.0 r.7-A 5 L, Ic,( y‘ci QA re wwcte./i J v� s veer S` 7a Ex • ✓ 'a-2 i e-!( 40 it OIrtC' JWL1P-! A- S h . 1,1 C1�.0.✓ 2_r:,1 i • nc 11 int 0 EXOTIC TERRESTRIAL PLANTS in COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA II. ORDINANCES (for dummies) 1. County: Growth Management Plan Land Development Code Ordinances and Regulations Upcoming changes/LDC cycle 2. Naples: quick summary 3. Recommendations: amendments coordination between city & county education/information efforts IV. PROJECT REVIEW 1. County responsibilities: clearing on county lands maintaining... enforcement... 2. County-owned properties: mitigation lands/Capitol Projects parks/Parks &Recreation Government Center, etc./Capitol Projects other: easements, canals, etc. examples of problems 3. Recommendations: funding coordination enforcement 000 JUL.29. 1996 12:06PM P 1 RUM : ENV!RUMEN I HL*SERV 1 L}--L -1UN� NU. y41 (r4 '5222JUL-2o-yb FRI 12 . PM REALTY CONCEPTS is.592 orae r'. 1/41l July 27, 1996 MEMO TO: Nancy Payton Brad Cornell Kimberley Palen From: Chuck Ray 4( p Following is a revised and expanded outline of Exotic report. It has a few items not included on the original, and hes dropp- ed other points mostly relating to SLate or Fed activities. This is just an effort to o and move us along. P.Leasp use it as an opprtunity t= cri ttgl - and improve. But no rude Comments • • • • • • • II Poet-if"Fax Note 7071 Date.7 pc napes 7 To ' 11-L.: F�too Ca.%Dcyl. Co. 1 I11 PrluncfF 1-llone9 � Fax. 61.-1, 1j2(4433 Fax; 14 4 . JUL. 29. 1996 12:07PM P 2 FROM : ENVIRONMENTAL*SERVICES - PHONE Na : 941 774 9222 vK4 f.L .t -U I' HL.1 ? LUMUL►- IS 813+592 0300 P. 02 EXOTIC TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Preliminary Scope of Work & Report Outline I . Problem Overview: The Plants and their effects; ffehy EPTAB involvement (CR) Assessment of the problem & hoiv County attempts to control it ; (c. f . Bradley) • A. Ecological ; worst problem with natural environment B. Financial . . . private / public; Cost of co trol to public agencies run to millions ; $540K+ for storm p.ter mgt alone ; potential for storm damage (Aussie, mel . ): C. Public health aspects; no input from Dept pub hlth nor from private practitioners . Need to try at State. level . D. Aesthetic / others; no input here . .worth covering? II . Ordinances, Rules (Nancy Payton) ( to involve Vince Cautero) A. Local . . .County; OMP, LDC, Naples LDC, etc . B. State , Federal (should we drop? ) Consider the amount of state & fed land in county! III . Literature Review (Kimberley) (? ) Research efforts (Separate section on this?1 ) Controls Eradication Methods Potential use as byproducts { (Maybe this section should be covered in other a4eas ) IV Project Review (Kim P) A. Planning, processing and project review: Flow charts , inspection forms ; followup 1 . PUDs; new subdivisions; condominiums ; commercial projects . 2. County Properties : Proposed projects; Existing facilities ; buildings , treatment plants , parks , Rights of way / easements (canals - transmission lines, etc . ) B . Inspection by Exotic subcommittee for complianhe and / or infestations ; both private and public ; , sub- committee findings C. Problem areas Grandfathered subdivisions ( if feasible) others ( ? ) D. Potential Solutions (to treat there or in recommend- ations? ) JUL. 29. 1996 12:07PM P 3 FROM : ENVIRONMENTAL*SERVICES -PHONE Na : 941 774 9222 JUL-26-96 FRI 12 :0e h Re94f.ry CONCCPTP 813+592 8300 P. 03 Annual Reports ; to include Exotics Assessment anf, Maintenance V. Control Efforts (Not assigned) Local - Fed / State Enforcement ; adequacy, shortcomings , followup Jurisdictional limitations (Brad? ) VI . Recommendations Exploitation; possible uses ; expansion of demonstrated uses Mulch; charcoal ; power generation / boiler firil g potential , soil amendment for ag use, paper products need some creative thought and research. . . Public education Preparation of materials to identify plants , escribe the problems they present , and provide infoifmation for control and eradication. Methods and materials; herbicides , tools , pro educes , cautions Hints on affordable disposal Possible sources of assistance for homeowners homeowner assns . Dissemination to public; Homeowner Assns , Lea ue of Women Voters , Audubon Society, Conservancy, Wildlife ; Federation; series of articles in NDN to include recognition, potential effects on ecology, family and commmunity Funding sources; potential grant availability work needed in this area x3sst3; CO ! ! ! • JUL-26-96 FRI 12 :04 PM REALTY CONCEPTS 813+592 0300 P. 01 July 27, 1996 MEMO TO: Nancy Payton Brad Cornell Kimberley Polen �l From: Chuck Ray Air,see9 Following is a revised and expanded outline of Exotic report. It has a few items not included on the original, and has dropp- ed other points mostly relating to State or Fed activities. This is just an effort to o - . - and move us along. Please use it as an opprtunity to critiq - and improve. But no rude comments t, • • • • JUL-26-96 FRI 12 :05 PM REALTY CONCEPTS 813+592 0300 P. 02 EXOTIC TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Preliminary Scope of Work & Report Outline I . Problem Overview: The Plants and their effects; rhy EPTAB involvement (CR) Assessment of the problem & hoiv County attempts to control it ; (c. f . Bradley) A. Ecological ; worst problem with natural environment B. Financial . . . private / public; Cost of control to public agencies run to millions ; $540K+ for stormw•ater mgt alone ; potential for storm damage (Aussie, mel . ), C. Public health aspects; no input from Dept pub filth nor from private practitioners . Need to try at State: level . D. Aesthetic / others ; no input here. .worth covering? II . Ordinances , Rules (Nancy Payton) ( to involve Vince Cautero) A. Local . . .County; GMP, LDC, Naples LDC, etc. B. State , Federal (should we drop? ) Consider the amount of state & fed land in county! III . Literature Review (Kimberley) ( ? ) Research efforts (Separate section on this?i ) Controls Eradication Methods Potential use as byproducts (Maybe this section should be covered in other aieas ) IV Project Review (Kim P) A. Planning, processing and project review: Flow charts , inspection forms ; followup 1 . PUDs ; new subdivisions; condominiums ; commercial projects . 2. County Properties : Proposed projects ; Existing facilities ; buildings , treatment plants , parks , Rights of way / easements (canals - transmission lines , etc . ) B. Inspection by Exotic subcommittee for compliance and / or infestations; both private and public; - sub- committee findings C. Problem areas Grandfathered subdivisions ( if feasible ) Others ( ? ) D. Potential Solutions ('to treat there or in recommend- ations? ) JUL-25-95 FRI 12 :05 PM REALTY CONCEPTS 813+592 0300 P. 03 iI Annual Reports ; to include Exotics Assessment and Maintenance V. Control Efforts (Not assigned) Local - Fed / State Enforcement ; adequacy, shortcomings , followup Jurisdictional limitations (Brad? ) VI . Recommendations Exploitation; possible uses ; expansion of demonstrated uses Mulch; charcoal ; power generation / boiler firing potential , soil amendment for ag use, paper piloducts need some creative thought and research. . . Public education Preparation of materials to identify plants , describe the problems they present , and provide information for control and eradication. Methods and materials; herbicides , tools , procedures , cautions Hints on affordable disposal Possible sources of assistance for homeowners homeowner assns . Dissemination to public; Homeowner Assns , Lea ue of Women Voters , Audubon Society, Conservancy, Wildlife Federation; series of articles in NDN to include recognition , potential effects on ecology, family anc commmunity Funding sources ; potential grant availability work needed in this area ******* COMu S PLEA " ! ! ! A NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Clyde Fugate, Engineering Supervisor FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist Ii ?5 DATE: July 25, 1996 RE: Flowchart of Inspection Process pertaining to triplexes and/or larger developments I am writing this memo on behalf of the EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee Members requests for information regarding the above referenced item. During the July 15th EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee Meeting, your name was mentioned in order to obtain a master copy of the inspection checklist. Please forward by August 2nd or sooner an inspection checklist and a flowchart outlining the inspection process relating to triplexes and/or larger developments. During the July 24th EPTAB Exotic Plant Subcommittee Meeting, the members requested a compliance "walk-thru" of a few completed projects' records. Please allocate a few minutes of your time and/or a co-worker's time, in the middle on next week (July 30 - August 1) , to assist our staff with this request. My telephone number is 732-2505. If you have any questions regarding the above referenced requests, please don't hesitate to call me right away. P.S. F.Y. I. , the next Exotic Plant Subcommittee meeting will be held on Monday, August 5, 1996 at 4: 00 p.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Human Services Building located at 3301 E. Tamiami Trail. cc: Wayne Arnold, AICP, Planning Services Director William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant Subcommittee File JUL-22-96 MON 01 :59 PM REALTY CONCEPTS__ $13+592 0300 P. 01 CHARLES F. & SARA RAY 85 RIDGE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 34108 July 21, 1996 (941) 597-3298 Memo TO: Bill Lorenz Kimberley Polen Nancy Payton Bradley Cornell Georgina; for distribution, to above From: Chuck Ray RE: Exotics After the last subcommittee meeting with the planners and engineers at Horseshoe Drive, I have the feeling thet we are putting too much emphasis on PUDs, commercial proje ts, new subdivisions and the like. Clearly there are shortcomings in annual reporting findfoll- owup thereof, and no doubt some other problems. HoWever there seems to be a number of fairly simple ways tolincrease effectiveness of existing measures for PUDs, etc. I think we are overlooking the major populations which occur in rights of way and other public domain, in older sibdivi- sions and agricultural areas. Not to mention Big Cypress and Everglades Natl Park. We have a great deal of information. The subcommittee badly needs work time in order to assemble and critique informa- tion on hand and organization thereof. I propose the fol- lowing agenda: • 1 . Summary of Horseshoe meeting Bradley Cornell Kimberley Chuck Ray 2. New information Bradley Nancy Payton Kimberley Chuck 3. Public comments 4. Outline critique by section Organizati • • = . fisting information By ubcommit ;e members) * *** JUL-16-96 TUE 09 : 13 AM REALTY CONCEPTS 813+592 0300 P. 01 CHARLES F. "CHUCK" RAY 85 RIDGE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 34109 (941) 597-3298 July 16, 1996 Memo TO: Kimberley Polen / Georgina From: Chuck Ray The next Exotic Plant subcommittee meeting is scheduked for 4: 00 PM on July 2 Consistent with Sunshine and with concurrence from ybu and other committee members , I hope to use this meeting primari- ly as a workshop in which committee members can organize and critique existing information for assembly into report form. That goal would be facilitated by limiting as much afi prac- tical , the size of the audience. If guidelines so permit , please design the announcement to help do so. Perhaps it would be simpler to generate an agenda th4t would allow u • a. r - s the outline section by section, limiting public nput t • •ne agenda item. Your comments are most welcome Ai r • BRAZILIAN PEPPER (Schinus terebinthifolius) Ewel, J.et.al. Schinus in Successional Ecosystems of Everglades National Park. Homestead, Fl: NPS, SFRC, ENP, 1982 , 141pp. T-676. Gunderson, Lance H. , 1983 . Status of Exotic Woody Species in Big Cypress National Preserve, Homestead, FL: National Park Service South FLorida Research Center, Everglades National Park, 1983 22pp. SFRC-83/07. Johnson, Jill. 1982 . A Bibliography of Schinus, Melaleuca & Casuarina Exotic Genera in Souht Florida. Homestead, FL: NPS, SFRC, ENP, 32pp. T-682 . Kaistha, Krishan Kumar. 1962 . A Phttochemical Investigation of the fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius (Radd. ) Thesis Archives Larouche, F.B. and D.D. Thayer. 1992. Abstracts of the Aquatic Plant Management Society 32nd Annual Meeting and International Symposium Biology and Management of Aquatic Plants, July 12-16, 1992, Daytona Beach, FL, PP. 52-53. Loope, Llyd L. and V.L. Dunvitz . 1981. Impact of fire exclusion & invasion of Schinus terebinthifolius on limestone rockland pineforests of SE FL. , Homestead, FL: NPS SFRC ENP, p. 30 Morton, J.F. , 1978 . Brazilian Pepper - It's Impact on People, Animals and the Environment. Econ. Bot. 32 (4) : 353 - 359. MELALEUCA (Meleuca spp. ) Carter, F.L. & Huffman, J.B. 1982 . Termite Responses to Wood and Extracts of Melaleuca. Wood Sci. 14 (3) : 127-133 . Conover, C.A. & R.T. Poole. 1983. Utilization of Melaleuca Quinquenervia as a Potting Medium Component for Greenhouse Production of Foliage Plants. Hortsci. 18 (6) : 886-888 . Diamond, C. , Davis, D. & D.C. Schmitz. 1991. In: Proceedings of the Symposium of Exotic Pest Plants, Technical Report NPS/NREVER?RETR-91/06, November 2-4 , 1988, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmosphere Science, pp. 87-110. Geary, T.F. , Saucier, J.R. , Purdy, K.R. & J.A. Knight. 1981. Melaleuca as a source of Boiler Fuel and Activated Carbon. Agric. & Consumer Serv. , Div. of Forestry, Tallahassee, FL, pp. 69-78. Geiger, R.K. 1981. Proceedings of Melaleuca Symposium, Sept. 23-24 , 1980. Florida Department Agric. and Consumer Serv. , Div. of Forestry, Tallahssee, 140pp. Huffman, J.B. 1977 . Florida's melaleuca a utilization status report & problem analysis. Gainesville, FL: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 1977. 19pp. Huffman, J.B. 1981. In: Proc. Melaleuca Symp. , 23 - 24 September 1980, FL Dept. Agric. and Consumer Serv. , Div. of Forestry, Tallahassee, pp. 37-68. Jagels, R. 1989. Correspondence from Down Under. Woodenboat 91: 118-119. Morton, J.F. 1965. The Cajeput Treee - A Boon and an Affliction. 6th Annual Meeting Soc. Econ. Bot. , 15 June 1965, Kingston, Rhode Island, 9 pp. Myers, R.L. & H.A. Belles. 1995. Studies to develop Melaleuca control tactics using fire & herbicides. Tallahassee, FL: Nongame Wildlife Program, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, 1995. 121pp. Plunkett, C. 1994 . Jacksonville manages the Melaleuca Menace. Engineer Update 18 (4) : 5. Sedlik, B.R. . 1976. A computer simulation of the spread of the exotic tree species. Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cay. ) Blake, in South America. 1976 University of Florida Thesis. Thayer, D. & F. Laroche. 1992 . The Invaswion of South Florida by Melaleuca Quinquenervia (CAV. ) Blake. Abstracts of the Aquatic Plant Management Society 32nd Annual Meeting and International Symposium Biology and Managment of Aquatic Plants, July 12-16, 1992 , Daytona Beach, FL, p. 32 . Woodall, S.L. 1984. Rainfall interception losses from Melaleuca forest in Florida. Asheville NC: U.S. Department of Agric. FS, SE Forest Experiment Station, 1984 . 12p. AUSTRALIAN PINE (Casuarina spp. ) County Manager's Agency ATTENTION: LOCAL MEDIA Office of Public Information 774-8069 Contact: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P.E. , Director Natural Resources Department 732-2505 The Exotic Plant Committee of the Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board will be meeting on Monday, July 15, 1996 at 4: 00 p.m. , in Conference Room C in the Development Services Building located at 2800 N. Horseshoe Drive. Released July 10, 1996 Memorandum MEMO TO: EPTAB Subcommittee on Exotics FROM: Brad Cornell RE: Information on Utilization DATE: July 8, 1996 Bob Peterson, Collier County Agricultural Extension Office Agent [353-4244]. COMMENTS: a. Concerned about the use of sewage sludge mixed with melaleuca(or any use of sludge)for composting because of heavy metals, persistent chemicals and possible pathogens. b. Melaleuca alone makes a fine mulch and breaks down to be an excellent soil amendment. Successfully used for potting soil medium. c. There may be uses for the hardwood core of melaleuca, such as shipping pallets. Dr.Alan Meerow,Researcher at Univ. of Florida's South Florida Research Station in Ft. Lauderdale [305-475- 8990]. (also Ed Duke). COMMENTS: a. Melaleuca quinquinervia is different species from m. alternafolia. The latter has more medicinal uses. Ted Center,Unit Head and Researcher at USDA's Agricultural Research Service: Aquatic Plant Control Unit in Ft. Lauderdale [305-475-0541]. COMMENTS: a. An exotic insect control is due to be released very soon(by October)which eats the new growth and flowers. This won't eradicate,but will slow the spread. b. An effective native biocontrol exists which is a melaleuca pathogen. Not being utilized because no one has the economic incentive to manufacture it at this time. Can be combined with herbicide to increase success. c. Need better funding for Australian USDA research station($250,000/year) --congressional help needed. d. The wood splits too easily for widespread use as lumber. However, it is good for tomato stakes, fence posts and wood turning. e. Good for charcoal fuel, and for use in power generation. f. Not good for teatree oil because of the contaminants(as opposed to m. alternafolia). g. Not good for paper pulp--not sure why(contact paper mills). h. Mel. range is the entire Gulf coast of the U.S. Gary Rose,Manager for Naples branch of Forestry Resources Landscape Supply,Inc. (941-434-7736). COMMENTS: a. Mulch is profitable,even at.99 per 2 cu. ft. bag. They are paid to go in and remove the trees. It is not economical to shred or chip the trees, only to mulch. b. Seeds and other problems eliminated be composting at high temperature. c. They are the only licensed mel. mulching operation in Florida which is certified free of burrowing nematodes. 1. Need to Contact: Dan Thayer at EPPC [Ph 407-687-6129];tBob Doren Everglades N.P. Research Director (working on buffer zones for the park);v Sue Jewell,Loxahatchee Reserve's Mel. Removal Project Sandra Vardaman(or replacement)at Dade County Dept. of Environmental Resource Mgmt.; Tony Pernas at Big Cypress National Preserve; Roger Clark with Lee County. Memorandum 2. Principal entities/people working on melaleuca in Florida(according to Ted Center): EPPC/SFWMD (Dan Thayer); Everglades N.P. (Bob Doren); USDA(Ted Center); Lee County(Roger Clark); Loxahatchee Reserve (Sue Jewell); Dade County(Sandra Vardaman); Big Cypress Nat. Pres. (Tony Pernas). 3. All working on mel. have focused their coordinated efforts using task forces,the EPPC, and the Strategic Plan for Mel. Control (written by the EPPC --Dan Thayer has copies). !fit "Int- 5/6/75 ORD#75-21 Permit fee not required to remove AP, ME, BP 1/29/80 ORD#80-19 AP, ME, BP removal shall be exempt from the Coastal Setbsack Line Variance Procedure 1/11/82 ORD#82-2 Prohibited Trees-The following trees are specifically prohibited from use for meeting any landscape requirement: PM,AP, ET, ME, CT, &BP. 5/25/82 Ord#82-37 Exotic plant(BP, ME) removal required during initial clearing of each development phase or phases *Unlawful to engage in the sale, planting or inter-county transportation of live exotics and seeds thereof. 11/9/82 ORD#82-113 Prohibited exotic plants= BP, ME, DR, &AP. ORD#89-41 Revegetation shall be accomplished with pre-existing species or other suitable species except those that are considered undesirable exotic species. The following undesirable exotic species shall not be replanted or propagated: AP, B, BP, CB, CP, CSP, DJ, HR, ME, QUT, &TW. [amends ORD#82-2. Section 9.1©2(a)(3)] 8/7/89 ORD#89-49 Following a site development, a maintenance program shall be implemented to prevent reinvasion of the site by exotic species. The plan shall describe control techniques and inspection intervals, shall be filed with and subject to approval by the County. [amends ORD#82-2, PUD Section] 8/7/89 ORD#89-50 " " [amends ORD#82-2, ST Section] 8/7/89 ORD#89-51 " " [amends ORD#82-2, PU Section] 8/7/89 ORD#89-53 " [amends ORD#82-37&ORD#82-2, SDP Section] 8/14/89 ORD#89-57 Prohibited Species-The following species are specifically prohibited from use for meeting any landscape requirement: DR, B. *This list shall be subject to revision as exotic plant species are determined to cause environmental compromise through invasive potential to native habitats, or to be detrimental to human health or safety. [amends ORD#82-2, Section 8.30(a)7] 9/29/89 ORD#89-63 Following a site development, a maintenance program shall be implemented to prevent reinvasion of the site by exotic species. The plan shall describe control techniques and inspection intervals, shall be filed with and subject to approval by the County. [amends ORD#82-2, SMP Section] 6/21/91 ORD#91-47 The accumulation of prohibited exotic plants (AP, ME, BP, DR) in excess of 18" in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance when located upon any unimproved property in Collier County when the exotics are located within a 200' radius of any improved property located in a subdivision. [Section 11©] The accumulation of prohibited exotic plants (AP, ME, BP, DR) in excess of 18" in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance when located upon any unimproved property in a subdivision except Golden Gate Estates, which condition is 20'from a public right of way and is not within a subdivision. [Section 11(b)] The accumulation of prohibited exotic plants(AP, ME, BP, DR) in excess of 18" in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance when such condition is located on any unimproved property which is 500' of improved property when such accumulation has aided or is likely to continue to aid in the concealment or commission or facilitate the commission of criminal acts against if such accumulation is not abated./....)cc. /1(etn ?/-1 ,57N F-71 /e- al-077c R -L7)4104;76 06/28/96 16:06 &9415976683 PHILHARMONIC CTR 1j001 FROM ENV I RONMENTAL*SERV I CES JUN. 28. 1996 2: 19PM P 6 TONE NO. : 941 774 9222 CITE VELLOSO,S.A.BELO HORIZONTE,BRAZIL(IN PORTUGUESE)(CITATION ONLY) CAT DISTRIBUTION**BRAZIL**UTILIZATION KEY MEDICINE**INDUSTRY PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-Q Document 5 1,/ DOCN 0 02809$w..- Document TITL BRAZILIAN PEPPER-ITS IMPACT ON PEOPLE,ANIMALS AND THE ENVIRONMENT DATE 1978 AUTH MORTON,T.F. CITE ECON.BOT. 32(4):353-359 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**TOXIC PLANTS**UTILIZATION**CHEMICAL CONTROL**MECHANICAL CONTROL**REVIEW KEY INVASION**MEDICINE PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINl'HIFOLIUS UPDA 016-H Kt"iik -eArt . ) } d ( G� t ,.,-t- ;h am f r" » L.✓L c�L Vle" dd y 7 `L� e..-...- t 3 / i re.," r_ A. iv to : k---f-‘4, ,Le..,v- D )_ , 1 e--t.".... �r--"a'�,,`_f, ti 1r'G---c CiJ r v� �/V f cto ..,,,,._k_ c 5-7 -- / 1 1 1 June 25, 1996 SEARCH OF THE AQUATIC PLANT INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM(APIRS) of the UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA,CENTER FOR AQUATIC PLANTS 7922 NW 71 ST,GAINESVILLE,FL 32653 SEARCH TITLE: SCHINUS(IN TITLE),N=15 PERFORMED BY KAREN BROWN -1 Document 1 DOCN 000034038 TITL GROWTH AND SPREAD OF SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS IN SOUTH FLORIDA DATE 1992 AUTH LAROCHE,F.B. **THAYER,D.D. CITE ABSTRACTS OF THE AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC.32ND ANNUAL MEETING AND INTERNATIONAL SYMP.BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC PLANTS,JULY 12-16, 1992,DAYTONA BEACH,FLORIDA,PP.52-53 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**PLANT SUCCESSION KEY INVASION**GROWTH HABIT** SITE REQUIREMENTS PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 018-B Document 2 DOCN 000031426 TITL EVALUATION OF FIRE AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR CONTROLLING SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS AS SECONDARY SUCCESSIONAL GROWTH ON ABANDONED AGRICULTURAL LAND DATE 1991 AUTH DOREN,R.F. **WHITEAKER,L.D. **LAROSA,A.M. CITE ENVIRON.MGMT. 15(1):121-129 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**CULTURAL CONTROL**FIRE**ECOLOGY**PLANT SUCCESSION KEY EFFECTS**INVASION** STEM DENSITY PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS**BRACHIARIA MUTICA UPDA 016-Y Document 3 DOCN 000034356 TITL SEASONAL EFFECTS ON HERBICIDE BASAL BARK TREATMENT OF SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS DATE 1991 AUTH DOREN,R.F. **WHITEAKER,L.D. **ROCHEFORT,R. CITE IN:PROC.OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON EXOTIC PEST PLANTS,TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NREVER/NRTR-91/06,NOVEMBER 2-4, 1988,UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, ROSENSTIEL SCHOOL OF MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE,PP. 115-130 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**CHEMICAL CONTROL**TRICLOPYR**ECOLOGY** PHENOLOGY PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 018-F Document 4 DOCN 000034357 TITL ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIVE HAMMOCK VEGETATION ON SPOIL ISLANDS DOMINATED BY AUSTRALIAN PINE(CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA)AND BRAZILIAN PEPPER(SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS) CITE VELLOSO,S.A.BELO HORIZONTE,BRAZIL(IN PORTUGUESE)(CITATION ONLY) CAT DISTRIBUTION**BRAZIL**UTILIZATION KEY MEDICINE**INDUSTRY PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-Q - Document 5 DOCN 000028095 TITL BRAZILIAN PEPPER-ITS IMPACT ON PEOPLE,ANIMALS AND THE ENVIRONMENT DATE 1978 AUTH MORTON,J.F. CITE ECON.BOT. 32(4):353-359 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**TOXIC PLANTS**UTILIZATION**CHEMICAL CONTROL**MECHANICAL CONTROL**REVIEW KEY INVASION**MEDICINE PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHHOLIUS UPDA 016-H ..----) it I 1 I • June 25, 1996 SEARCH OF THE AQUATIC PLANT INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM(APIRS) of the UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA,CENTER FOR AQUATIC PLANTS 7922 NW 71 ST,GAINESVILLE,FL 32653 SEARCH TITLE: SCHINUS AND UTILIZATION,N=5 PERFORMED BY KAREN BROWN Document 1 DOCN 000038929 TITL 1993 -STATUS OF THE IFAS CENTER FOR AQUATIC PLANTS DATE 1994 AUTH HALLER,W.T. CITE CTR.AQUATIC PLANTS,INST.FOOD AGRIC. SCI.,UNIV.FL.,GAINESVILLE,FL, 21 PP. CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**GOVERNMENT CONTROL** HERBICIDES**PHYSIOLOGY**REPRODUCTION**CHEMICAL CONTROL** BIOLOGICAL CONTROL**UTILIZATION**REVIEW KEY RESEARCH**PUBLICATION**INVASION**MANAGEMENT**TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER **TISSUE CULTURE**HERBICIDE MOVEMENT**ANNUAL REPORT PLNT SCHINUS**HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA**HYGROPHILA POLYSPERMA UPDA 019-X Document 2 DOCN 000038470 TITL CURRENT STATUS OF WOODY BIOMASS PRODUCTION RESEARCH IN FLORIDA DATE 1983 AUTH ROCKWOOD,D.L. **COMER,C.W. **DIPPON,D.R. **HUFFMAN,J.B. **ET AL CITE PROC. SOIL CROP SCI. SOC.FL.42:19-27 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**UTILIZATION**BIOGAS KEY FUEL**ENERGY**PROPAGATION PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA**CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA** SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-T Document 3 DOCN 000038209 TITL PLANTAS MEDICINAES BRASILEIRAS DATE 1934 AUTH FREISE,F.W. CITE INST.AGRONOMICO DO ESTADO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL,PP.252-494(IN PORTUGUESE)(CITATION ONLY) CAT DISTRIBUTION**BRAZIL**UTILIZATION KEY MEDICINE PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-Q Document 4 DOCN 000038206 TITL LIVRO VERDE DAS PLANTAS MEDICINAIS E INDUSTRAIAIS DO BRASIL. VOLS.I& II. DATE 1965 AUTH CRUZ,G.L. k � Document 12 DOCN 000039860 TITL TRITERPENES OF SCHINUS TEREBENTHEFOLIUS DATE 1974 AUTH DE PAIVO CAMPELLO,J. **MARSAIOLI,A.J. CITE PHYTOCHEM. 13(3):659-660 CAT PHYSIOLOGY**TOXIC PLANTS KEY PHYTOCHEMISTRY PLNT SCHINUS 11,REBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 020-I Document 13 DOCN 000038211 TITL AN INVESTIGATION OF SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS IN EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK DATE 1972 AUTH HILSENBECK,C.E. CITE UNPUBL.REPT. ON FILE EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK REFERENCES LIBRARY (CITATION ONLY) CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY KEY INVASION PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-Q Document 14 DOCN 000036160 TITL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL INVESTIGATIONS ON CHRISTMAS BERRY(SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS)AND EMEX(EMEX SPP.) DATE 1963 AUTH KRAUSS,N.L.H. CITE PROC.HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 18(2):281-287 CAT DISTRIBUTION**HAWAII**BRAZIL**BIOLOGICAL CONTROL**INSECTS** EPISIMUS **CRASIMORPHA**BRUCHUS**ATRONOTATUS**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM **HOST PLANTS PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 018-W Document 15 DOCN 000038441 TITL SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS RADDI,MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA(CAV.) BLAKE, CASUARINA ADANS. DATE ND AUTH JUBINSKY,G. **LESLIE,A. **ETHRIDGE,L. CITE WEED ALERT,BUREAU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGE.,FL.DEPT.ENVIRON. PROT., TALLAHASSEE,FL,2 PP. CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**WETLAND **PLANT SUCCESSION**GOVERNMENT CONTROL**MORPHOLOGY**TOXIC PLANTS**REVIEW KEY PUBLIC INFORMATION**INVASION**IDENTIFICATION PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS**MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA**CASUARINA GLAUCA **CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA UPDA 019-T Document 8 DOCN 000036140 TITL ARTHROPODS ON BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE,SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS (ANACARDIACEAE),IN SOUTH FLORIDA DATE 1986 AUTH CASSANI,J.R. CITE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST 69(1):184-196 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**HOST PLANTS KEY INSECTS**INVASION PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 018-W Document 9 DOCN 000027774 TITL AN INVESTIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE INVASION OF SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS INTO THE SALINE COMMUNITIES OF EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK DATE 1984 AUTH MYTINGER,L.L. CITE FLORIDA SCIENTIST/PROGRAM ISSUE 47(SUPPL. 1):24.(ABSTRACT) CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**WETLAND**REPRODUCTION** GERMINATION KEY SALT TOLERANCE**SEEDS**EFFECTS**DISTURBANCE** SOILS**HYDROLOGY PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 016-F Document 10 DOCN 000028770 TITL SCHINUS IN SUCCESSIONAL ECOSYSTEMS OF EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK DATE 1982 AUTH EWEL,J.J. **OJIMA,D.S. **KARL,D.A. **DEBUSK,W.F. CITE REPORT T-676,NATIONAL PARK SERVICE,SOUTH FLORIDA RESEARCH CENTER, EVERGLADES NATURAL PARK,HOMESTEAD,FL, 141 PP. CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**WETLAND**PLANT SUCCESSION**PHENOLOGY**REPRODUCTION**GERMINATION**CHEMICAL CONTROL**DICAMBA**2,4-D**GLYPHOSATE**TRICLOPYR**HEXAZINONE KEY POLLEN**DISPERSAL**INVASION** SEED BANK PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 016-M Document 11 DOCN 000037285 TITL SPHAEROPSIS GALL. OF SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS,A NEW HOST DATE 1979 AUTH MARLATT,R.B. **RIDING,W.H. CITE PLANT DIS.REPORTER 63(9):786-787 CAT ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**HOST PLANTS KEY EFFECTS**FUNGUS**PATHOGEN PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-K DATE 1991 AUTH FERNALD,R.T. **BARNETT,B.S. CITE IN:PROC. OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON EXOTIC PEST PLANTS,TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NREVER/NRTR-91/06,NOVEMBER 2-4, 1988,UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, ROSENSTIEL SCHOOL OF MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE,PP. 131-150 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**PLANT SUCCESSION** SURVEY KEY SURVIVAL**INVASION**EFFECTS**DISTURBANCE**PHYTOSOCIOLOGY PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 018-F Document 5 DOCN 000034365 TITL EFFORTS OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF CHRISTMAS BERRY(SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS)IN HAWAII DATE 1991 AUTH YOSHIOKA,E.R. **MARKIN,G.P. CITE IN:PROC. OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON EXOTIC PEST PLANTS,TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NREVER/NRTR-91/06,NOVEMBER 2-4, 1988,UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, ROSENSTIEL SCHOOL OF MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE,PP. 377-387 CAT DISTRIBUTION**HAWAII**BIOLOGICAL CONTROL**INSECTS**EPISIMUS UTILIS**CRASIMORPHA INFUSCATA**BRUCHUS ATRONOTATUS KEY INVASION PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 018-F Document 6 DOCN 000031864 TITL NEW INSECT RECORDS ON BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE,SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS (ANACARDIACEAE),IN SOUTH FLORIDA DATE 1989 AUTH CASSANI,J.R. **MALONEY,D.R. **HABECK,D.H. **BENNETT,F.D. CITE FLORIDA ENTOMOL.72(4):714-716 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**ECOSYSTEM**HOST PLANTS ** INVERTEBRATES KEY INVASION**BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 017-K Document 7 DOCN 000032548 TITL THE INVASION OF SCHINUS INTO SALINE COMMUNITIES OF EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK DATE 1987 AUTH MYTINGER,L. **WILLIAMSON,G.B. CITE FLORIDA SCIENTIST 50(1):7-12 CAT DISTRIBUTION**FLORIDA**ECOLOGY**WETLAND**REPRODUCTION** GERMINATION KEY EFFECTS** SALT**SEEDS PLNT SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 017-P t3 1,--4)A-1 I, Jt—V7j—Le,-,0 t) ) .ts'. 4,2 ? . I" L 571_ — 7 5 ( t-f) ( W 0 c =.• ± 4140161, 1/ I to 1 S-1 ) 39 ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * - Jun 7, 1996 - * APIRS * * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * SEARCH TITLE: MELALEUCA AND UTILIZATION * APIRS * * APIRS * N=34 * APIRS * * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * * APIRS * * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * From APIRS * APIRS * * APIRS * Aquatic Plant Information Retrieval System * APIRS * * APIRS * Center for Aquatic Plants * APIRS * * APIRS * 7922 NW 71st Street * APIRS * * APIRS * Gainesville, FL 32606, U.S.A. * APIRS * * APIRS * (904) 392-1799 * APIRS * ,,tt, IVED * APIRS * * APIRS * * APIRS * - BRS/Search System - * APIRS * * APIRS * * APIRS * * APIRS * JUN 1 1 1996 * APIRS * APIRS * APIRS * _ T URAL RESOURCES ******************************************************************************** DEP ARMPIT ******************************************************************************** ******************************************************************************** alN7 CL „L - cam- - - "a-Q-a'^- c't ( <;,-._(5-4J:7-‘ 43es'‘- .--i-, ` ✓-tZ 0--8, r (, c.-.lam¢.. .O tn..w`,w.C c.o C--1.-49- '1`;''; cam' u..,- 0-^-ems cn.5 `- `' 1- ,A - 4--A-� b''''-- tlf\'''' cit-D- ,t.2,-( c c__"3'5. -5`‘-z - 5 ce( , - 347;21— / 7 C7 7 AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 1 Document 1 i/DOCN 000038712 TITL JACKSONVILLE MANAGES THE MELALEUCA MENACE DATE 1994 AUTH PLUNKETT.C. CITE ENGINEER UPDATE 18(4):5. CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** WETLAND ** CHEMICAL CONTROL ** BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ** UTILIZATION ** REVIEW KEY EVERGLADES ** INVASION ** COMPOST PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA / UPDA 019-V _______ Document 2 DOCN 000041276 TITL TOXICITY OF MELALEUCA OIL AND RELATED ESSENTIAL OILS APPLIED TOPICALLY ON DOGS AND CATS DATE 1994 AUTH VILLAR.D. ** KNIGHT,M.J. ** HANSEN,S.R. ** BUCK,W.B. CITE VET. HUMAN TOXICOL. 36(2):139-142 CAT ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** TOXICOLOGY ** TOXIC PLANT ** UTILIZATION ** ANIMALS ** PHYSIOLOGY ** REVIEW KEY PHYTOCHEMISTRY ** EFFECTS ** MEDICINE PLNT MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA UPDA 021-B Document 3 DOCN 000036591 TITL TELL ME WHERE THE FLOWERS ARE DATE 1993 AUTH LANDOLT,R.E. CITE BER. GEOBOT. INST. ETH, STIFTUNG RUBEL, ZURICH 59, R.E. LANDOLT, ED., PP. 137-180 (IN GERMAN) CAT ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** PRODUCTIVITY ** MORPHOLOGY ** REPRODUCTION ** FLOWERING ** UTILIZATION ** EDIBLE PLANTS ** REVIEW KEY HABITAT ** IDENTIFICATION ** OCCURRENCE ** TEMPERATURE ** GROWTH RATE ** PHYTOGEOGRAPHY PLNT LEMNA MINUTA ** LEMNA MINOR ** WOLFFIELLA ROTUNDA ** WOLFFIA COLUMBIANA ** SPIRODELA POLYRRHIZA ** SPIRODELA PUNCTATA ** LEMNA VALDIVIANA ** LEMNA TENERA ** WOLFFIELLA REPANDA ** MELALEUCA ** LEMNA GIBBA ** LEMNA TURIONIFERA ** WOLFFIA ARRHIZA ** WOLFFIA BOREALIS ** LEMNA TRISULCA ** NYMPHAEA ** MYRIOPHYLLUM ** WOLFFIA AUSTRALIANA ** TYPHA MINIMA UPDA 019-B Document 4 DOCN 000033982 TITL THE INVASION OF SOUTH FLORIDA BY MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA (CAV.) BLAKE DATE 1992 AUTH THAYER,D. ** LAROCHE,F. CITE ABSTRACTS OF THE AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC. 32ND ANNUAL MEETING AND INTERNATIONAL SYMP. BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC PLANTS, JULY 12-16, 1992, DAYTONA BEACH, FLORIDA, P. 32 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** PLANT SUCCESSION ** BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ** INSECTS ** CULTURAL CONTROL ** FIRE ** WATER LEVEL ** UTILIZATION KEY EFFECTS ** DISPERSAL PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 018-B AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 2 Document 5 DOCN 000033557 TITL COMPOSTING YARD TRASH PREVENTS FLORIDA WEED SEED GERMINATION DATE 1991 AUTH SHIRALIPOUR,A. ** MCCONNELL,D.B. CITE IN:ENVIRON. RESEARCH AT THE UNIV. OF FLORIDA, FIFTH ANN. POSTER AND DISCUSSION SESSION, 5 NOVEMBER 1991, UNIV. OF FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, P. 17. (ABSTRACT) CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** REPRODUCTION ** GERMINATION ** UTILIZATION KEY MULCH ** EFFECTS ** TEMPERATURE ** INVASION PLNT MELALEUCA ** CYPERUS ESCULENTUS UPDA 017-Y Document 6 DOCN 000034083 TITL INVESTIGATING FLORIDA'S ENVIRONMENT - HOW EACH OF US CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE DATE 1991 AUTH ANONYMOUS CITE FLORIDA SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, SGEF-16, 120 MINS (VIDEO) CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** WETLAND ** ESTUARIES ** SALT MARSH ** POLLUTION ** UTILIZATION ** ANIMALS ** INVERTEBRATES ** REVIEW KEY FISH ** SEAGRASSES ** MANGROVES ** WATERFOWL ** INVASION ** VALUE ** EFFECTS ** DREDGING ** HUMAN IMPACTS ** MULCH PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 018-D Document 7 DOCN 000034355 TITL ECONOMIC IMPACT STATEMENT: THE ADDITION OF MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA TO THE FLORIDA PROHIBITED AQUATIC PLANT LIST DATE 1991 AUTH DIAMOND,C. ** DAVIS,D. ** SCHMITZ,D.C. CITE IN: PROC. OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON EXOTIC PEST PLANTS, TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NREVER/NRTR-91/06, NOVEMBER 2-4, 1988, UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, ROSENSTIEL SCHOOL OF MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE, PP. 87- 110 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** GOVERNMENT CONTROL ** ECONOMICS ** UTILIZATION KEY COSTS ** BENEFITS ** REGULATION ** BEEKEEPING ** WOOD CHIPS ** LUMBER ** OILS ** HEALTH PROBLEMS ** COMPETITION PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 018-F Document 8 DOCN 000028525 TITL MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA: NEW CROP FOR CALIFORNIA? DATE 1990 AUTH SACHS,R.M. ** LEE,C.I. ** CARTWRIGHT,S.A. ** ET AL CITE CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE 44(4):27-29 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** CALIFORNIA ** UTILIZATION ** ECONOMICS KEY COMMERCIAL USES ** DISTILLATION ** OIL CONTENT ** CLONES PLNT MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA UPDA 016-J Document 9 DOCN 000034671 TITL LAKE OKEECHOBEE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE FINAL REPORT AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 3 DATE 1990 AUTH LAKE OKEECHOBEE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE CITE LOTAC FINAL REPORT, DEPT. ENVIRON. REGULATION, TALLAHASSEE, FL, 123 PP. CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** LAKES ** OKEECHOBEE ** RIVERS ** KISSIMMEE RIVER ** WETLAND ** ESTUARIES ** NUTRIENT CYCLING ** UTILIZATION ** POLLUTION CONTROL ** ALGAE KEY POLICY ** EVERGLADES ** BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ** EFFECTS ** HYDROLOGY ** RECOMMENDATIONS ** PHOSPHORUS ** BMP PLNT TYPHA ** SCIRPUS ** ELEOCHARIS ** SALIX ** CLADIUM JAMAICENSE ** MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 018-H Document 10 DOCN 000039870 TITL MELALEUCA DATE 1990 AUTH HOLIDAY,I. CITE AUST. PLANTS 16(125):27-37 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** AUSTRALIA ** UTILIZATION ** TAXONOMY ** MORPHOLOGY ** REVIEW KEY IDENTIFICATION ** ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS ** HABITAT PLNT MELALEUCA SUBFALCATA ** MALALEUCA AFF. MEGACEPHALA ** MELALEUCA SPATHULATA ** MELALEUCA SUBEROSA UPDA 020-1 Document 11 DOCN 000027863 TITL CORRESPONDENCE FROM DOWN UNDER DATE 1989 AUTH JAGELS,R. CITE WOODENBOAT 91:118-119 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** AUSTRALIA ** UTILIZATION ** REVIEW KEY INVASION ** PAPER ** BARK ** BOATS PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 016-G Document 12 DOCN 000038823 TITL ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF CAJEPUT OIL AGAINST ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS (EIDAM) WINT. (NRRL 1979) AND FUSARIUM MONILIFORME SHELDON (NRRL 6398) DATE 1989 AUTH MISRA,D. ** MISRA,N. CITE INDIAN PERFUMER 33(2):151-155 (CITATION ONLY) CAT UTILIZATION KEY FUNGUS ** EFFECTS PLNT MELALEUCA UPDA 020-A Document 13 DOCK 000040038 TITL GROWTH OF FICUS BENJAMINA IN COMBINATIONS OF PEAT, SAND, AND MELALEUCA DATE 1985 AUTH POOLE,R.T. ** CONOVER,C.A. CITE HORTSCI. 20(3):282-285 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY POTTING SOIL PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 4 Document 14 DOCN 000038470 TITL CURRENT STATUS OF WOODY BIOMASS PRODUCTION RESEARCH IN FLORIDA DATE 1983 AUTH ROCKWOOD,D.L. ** COMER,C.W. ** DIPPON,D.R. ** HUFFMAN,J.B. ** ET AL CITE PROC. SOIL CROP SCI. SOC. FL. 42:19-27 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION ** BIOGAS KEY FUEL ** ENERGY ** PROPAGATION PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA ** CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA ** SCHINUS TEREBINTHIFOLIUS UPDA 019-T Document 15 DOCN 000040018 TITL SEDGE MOSS PEAT, SOLITE, AND MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA AS POTTING MEDIUM COMPONENTS FOR SHADEHOUSE PRODUCTION OF FOLIAGE PLANTS DATE 1983 AUTH CONOVER,C.A. ** POOLE,R.T. CITE HORTSCI. 18(6):888-890 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY POTTING SOIL PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K Document 16 DOCN 000040019 TITL UTILIZATION OF MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA AS A POTTING MEDIUM COMPONENT FOR GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION OF FOLIAGE PLANTS DATE 1983 AUTH CONOVER,C.A. ** POOLE,R.T. CITE HORTSCI. 18(6):886-888 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY POTTING SOIL PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K I Document 17 DOCN 000039926 TITL QUALITATIVE EVALUATION OF FUELWOOD IN FLORIDA - A SUMMARY REPORT DATE 1982 AUTH WANG,S.C. ** HUFFMAN,J.B. ** ROCKWOOD,D.L. CITE ECONOMIC BOT. 36(4):381-388 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY FUEL ** HEAT OF COMBUSTION ** MOISTURE CONTENT ** DENSITY ** RESIDUES PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA ** CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA UPDA 020-I Document 18 DOCN 000039941 TITL TERMITE RESPONSES TO WOOD AND EXTRACTS OF MELALEUCA DATE 1982 AUTH CARTER,F.L. ** HUFFMAN,J.B. CITE WOOD SCI. 14(3):127-133 CAT UTILIZATION ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** HOST PLANTS ** INVERTEBRATES KEY TERMITICIDE EXTRACTS ** PESTICIDE ** SURVIVAL ** EFFECTS ** CHOICE TESTS PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-J • AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 5 Document 19 DOCN 000040047 TITL EFFECT OF EXTRACTIVES ON HEAT CONTENT OF MELALEUCA AND EUCALYPTUS DATE 1982 AUTH WANG,S.C. ** HUFFMAN,J.B. CITE WOOD SCI. 15(1):33-38 CAT UTILIZATION KEY FUEL ** BIOMASS PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K Document 20 DOCN 000040048 TITL PHENOTYPIC VARIATION IN CALORIFIC VALUE OF MELALEUCA MATERIALS FROM SOUTH FLORIDA DATE 1982 AUTH WANG,S.C. ** LITTELL,R.C. CITE ECON. BOT. 37(3):292-298 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** WETLAND ** UTILIZATION KEY ENERGY YIELD ** GENETIC IMPROVEMENT ** PHYTOGEOGRAPHY ** FUEL PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K Document 21 DOCN 000031531 TITL PROCEEDINGS OF MELALEUCA SYMPOSIUM, SEPT. 23-24, 1980 DATE 1981 AUTH GEIGER,R.K. CITE FLORIDA DEPT. AGRIC. AND CONSUMER SERV., DIV. OF FORESTRY, TALLAHASSEE, 140 PP. CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** PRIMARY PRODUCTION ** TOXICOLOGY ** BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ** CHEMICAL CONTROL ** INTEGRATED CONTROL ** UTILIZATION ** BIOGAS ** INVERTEBRATES KEY EFFECTS ** WIND ** TEMPERATURE ** FIRE ** SOILS ** INVASION ** HABITAT ** COMPETITION ** FUEL ** TIMBER ** BEES ** VALUE ** ALLERGIES PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 016-Z Document 22 DOCN 000031536 TITL MELALEUCA WOOD AND BARK UTILIZATION RESEARCH - A PROGRESS REPORT DATE 1981 AUTH HUFFMAN,J.B. CITE IN:PROC. MELALEUCA SYMP., 23-24 SEPTEMBER 1980, FL DEPT. AGRIC. AND CONSUMER SERV., DIV. OF FORESTRY, TALLAHASSEE, PP. 37-68 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION ** REVIEW KEY TIMBER ** BARK ** SAWLOGS ** PULPWOOD ** FENCE POSTS ** TOMATO STAKES ** FUEL ** INSULATION ** POTTING MEDIUM ** ESSENTIAL OILS ** PHENOLICS ** RESINS ** PHYTOCHEMISTRY PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 016-Z Document 23 / DOCN 000031537 TITL MELALEUCA AS A SOURCE OF BOILER FUEL AND ACTIVATED CARBON DATE 1981 AUTH GEARY,T.F. ** SAUCIER,J.R. ** PURDY,K.R. ** KNIGHT,J.A. CITE IN:PROC. MELALEUCA SYMP., 23-24 SEPTEMBER 1980, FL DEPT. AGRIC. AND AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 6 CONSUMER SERV., DIV. OF FORESTRY, TALLAHASSEE, PP. 69-78 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION ** BIOGAS KEY CHAR ** OIL ** ENERGY ** METHOD PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 016-Z Document 24 DOCN 000031538 TITL RELATIONSHIP OF MELALEUCA TO BEEKEEPING DATE 1981 AUTH ROBINSON,F.A. CITE IN:PROC. MELALEUCA SYMP., 23-24 SEPTEMBER 1980, FL DEPT. AGRIC. AND CONSUMER SERV., DIV. OF FORESTRY, TALLAHASSEE, PP. 79-80 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** INVERTEBRATES ** UTILIZATION KEY VALUE ** POLLEN ** NECTAR PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 016-Z Document 25 DOCN 000036145 TITL BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF MELALEUCA AND CASUARINA IN SOUTH FLORIDA DATE 1981 AUTH CONDE,L.F. ** FISHER,R.F. ** ROCKWOOD,D.L. CITE IN: ABSTRACTS XIII INTERNATIONAL BOTANICAL CONGRESS, 21-28 AUG. 1981, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, PP. 308. (ABSTRACT) CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** PRIMARY PRODUCTION ** UTILIZATION KEY INVASION ** EFFECTS ** FLOODING ** NUTRIENTS ** ENERGY RESOURCE PLNT MELALEUCA ** CASUARINA UPDA 018-W Document 26 DOCN 000038440 TITL MELALEUCA BARK AS A CONTAINER MEDIUM COMPONENT DATE 1981 AUTH INGRAM,D.L. ** JOHNSON,C.R. CITE SNA RES. J. 7(2):7011 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY COMPOST ** SOILS ** EFFECTS PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 019-T Document 27 DOCN 000038822 TITL MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA S. T. BLAKE IN NEW CALEDONIA: TREE POPULATION, WOOD PROPERTIES AND USES, SILVICULTURAL ASPECTS DATE 1981 AUTH CHERRIER,J.F. CITE REV. FORESTIERE FRANCAISE 33(4):297-311 (IN FRENCH) (CITATION ONLY) CAT DISTRIBUTION ** AUSTRALIA ** UTILIZATION KEY FORESTRY PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-A Document 28 DOCN 000039903 TITL EFFECTS OF PLANT SPACING AND SEASON ON GROWTH OF MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 7 AND YIELD OF TEA TREE OIL DATE 1981 AUTH SMALL,B.E.J. CITE AUST. J. EXP. AGRIC. ANIM. HUSB. 21(111):439-442 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** AUSTRALIA ** UTILIZATION ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** PRIMARY PRODUCTION KEY ESSENTIAL OIL ** CROP ** GERMICIDE ** MEDICINE PLNT MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA UPDA 020-I Document 29 DOCN 000039991 TITL MELALEUCA A NATURAL WOOD SUPPORT FOR TOTEM POLES DATE 1981 AUTH POOLE,R.T. ** CONOVER,C.A. ** SHEEHAN,T.J. CITE FOLIAGE DIGEST 4(11):11. CAT UTILIZATION PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-J Document 30 DOCN 000040007 TITL CHARACTERIZATION OF MELALEUCA BIOMASS AS A FUEL FOR DIRECT COMBUSTION DATE 1981 AUTH WANG,S.C. ** HUFFMAN,J.B. ** LITTELL,R.C. CITE WOOD SCI. 1394):216-219 CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY DENSITY ** GREEN MOISTURE CONTENT ** MOISTURE REDUCTION RATE PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-J Document 31 DOCN 000040039 TITL MELALEUCA BARK AND SOLITE AS POTENTIAL POTTING INGREDIENTS FOR FOLIAGE PLANTS DATE 1979 AUTH POOLE,R.T. ** CONOVER,C.A. CITE PROC. FLA. STATE HORT. SOC. 92:327-329 CAT UTILIZATION KEY SOIL MIX ** POTTING SOIL PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K Document 32 DOCN 000040063 TITL BIOMASS ENERGY FROM EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS AND MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA IN SOUTH FLORIDA DATE 1979 AUTH GEARY,T.F. ** SAUCIER,J.R. CITE FL. SCI. 42(SUPPL 1):34. (ABSTRACT) CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** UTILIZATION KEY FUEL ** CHARCOAL ** OIL ** GAS ** PYROLYSIS PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA ** EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS UPDA 020-K Document 33 DOCN 000040073 TITL THE UTILIZATION OF MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA HAMMOCKS BY NATIVE SOUTH AQPD Database Printoff from APIRS Fri, Jun 7, 1996 Page 8 FLORIDA SMALL MAMMALS AND DESCRIPTION OF THEIR POPULATION DYNAMICS DATE 1979 AUTH OSTRENKO,W. ** ROTHSTEIN,B. ** MAllOTTI,F. CITE FL. SCI. 42(SUPPL. 1):34. (ABSTRACT) CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** ECOLOGY ** ECOSYSTEM ** WETLAND ** ANIMALS ** INVERTEBRATES KEY HABITAT PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 020-K Document 34 DOCN 000028097 TITL THE CAJEPUT TREE - A BOON AND AN AFFLICTION DATE 1965 AUTH MORTON,J.F. CITE 6TH ANN. MEET. SOC. ECON. BOT., 15 JUNE 1965, KINGSTON, RHODE ISLAND, 9 PP. CAT DISTRIBUTION ** FLORIDA ** REVIEW ** UTILIZATION ** MORPHOLOGY KEY INVASION ** RESPIRATORY IRRITANT ** WOOD ** MEDICINE ** COMMERCIAL USES PLNT MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA UPDA 016-H County Manager's Agency ATTENTION: LOCAL MEDIA Office of Public Information 774-8069 Contact: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P.E. , Director Natural Resources Department 732-2505 The Exotic Plant SubCommittee of the Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board will hold a meeting on Tuesday, June 25, 1996 at 9: 00 a.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Community Services Building (formerly Building H) at the Collier County Government Center. Released May 22, 1996 County Manager's Agency ATTENTION: LOCAL MEDIA Office of Public Information 774-8069 Contact: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P.E. , Director Natural Resources Department 732-2505 The Exotic Plant SubCommittee of the Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board will hold a meeting on Tuesday, June 25, 1996 at 9:00 a.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Community Services Building (formerly Building H) at the Collier County Government Center. Released May 22, 1996 NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Linda Sullivan, Code Enforcement Director FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II y° DATE: May 24, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee For your information, I have attached a copy of the public notice regarding the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting. I've also sent copies of the handouts distributed during the May 22nd meeting to Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II. Please try to have a representative present during the next meeting. Thank you for your assistance and cooperation. cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Mike Kirby, Environmental Specialist II FROM: Kimberly J. Polen, Environmental Specialist II DATE: May 24, 1996 RE: EPTAB Exotic Plant SubCommittee For your information, I have attached a copy of the public notice regarding the next Exotic Plant SubCommittee meeting. I've also attached copies of the handouts distributed during the May 22nd meeting. cc: EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File cc: William D. Lorenz, Jr. , P.E. , Director EPTAB/Exotic Plant SubCommittee File MEMORANDUM TO: EPTAB Members FROM: Brad Cornell RE: Exotics Report for County Owned Property DATE: May 21, 1996 On April 22, Kimberly Palen and Brad Cornell visited 9 county-owned sites in East Naples and Marco Island in order to assess exotic plant problems. On May 3, Cornell also visited Clam Bay Park, and at least one or two more visits are planned to Lely Barefoot Preserve and/or Veterans Community Park. The results of all the visits thus far, as the following summary will illuminate, show the difficulty of continual monitoring, assessment and action required to maintain exotics free property. Many sites had at least some infestation, while one was heavily covered and several more had large numbers of individuals which will quickly worsen if not checked. Tigertail Beach Park: 1)Right side entrance edge has about 20 seven year old Australian Pines (A.P.). 2)Many seedling-3 year old A.P. on beach dune and behind. 3)Four mature trees near playground/concession area-- seed source for others. 4)Invasive scaveola noted. 5)A.P. seedlings in parking area. Caxambas Park: 1)Three large ficus trees. Marco Island Library: 1)One large A.P. Mackle Park: 1)Cattails on edge of lake. S Collier County Community Park--Ballpark): 1) Six large earleaf acacia. 2) Six large A.P. C.R.951 Boat Ramp: 1)Heavy Brazilian pepper(B.P.)on north side and on up the road to the north. East Naples Community Park: 1)Very large monoculture stands of Melaleuca throughout the undeveloped county-owned areas of the park, immediately adjacent to the developed park areas and conservation areas. 2) Melaleuca seedlings in conservation area by lakes. 3)A.P.,earleaf acacia,and B.P. also near the conservation area lakes. Bayview Park/Boat Ramp: 1)Four or five large A.P. 2) Small B.P.s along mangrove edge. 3) Thick stand of A.P. on shore opposite boat ramp. 4)Large ficus on site as landscaping. 5)Non-native scaveola within mangrove area by Gordon River. County Government Campus: 1)Earleaf acacia and A.P. around lake. 2) Three earleaf acacia in parking area. 3) Sparce B.P. in hedge. Clam Bay Park: 1J B around entrance to boardwalk. 2)B.P. in mangroves on south side of boardwald just before first bridge. BIP. all around beach buildings. 4)Many young A.P. at beach. 5)Large stands of A.P. just north and south of Clam Pass. 6)A.P. southeast of pass by area with tidal cuts. 71-Twelve or so mature A.P., plus B.P. on other side of south parking fence. 8)Row of A.P. and lots of B.P. on west side of parking lot. iz ,V \ 10t�2ii,E`7 or 4,'c:X31` ,BAItzl e_-/rtn! /' �°� ' 2 Seacry 7P1ER MqN� tAP South Florida Water Management District )2\aY • ' • BigCypress Basin•6167 yp Janes Lane•Naples,FL 33942• (941)597-1505 May 20, 1996 Kimberly J. Polen Collier County Government Community Development Services Division 2800 North Horseshoe Drive Naples, Florida 33942 Dear Kimberly: Subject: Exotic Plant Inventory of Big Cypress Basin Canals As you requested, I have developed a list of exotic plants that our field crews encounter and control within the Big Cypress Basin's canal system. I have included an aquatic plant guide which describes some of the aquatic plants on the list along with the chemical used to control the plant. Unfortunately, I do not have a more thorough guide to give you at this time, but I can loan you my aquatic plant identification deck if you like. As for the terrestrial plants, the Basin has a tree removal plan for the Australian Pine, Melaleuca and Brazilian Pepper. Brazilian Pepper is by far the most encountered within the Basin's canal easements. I have included a weed alert sheet from DEP which describes these three trees. I hope this information is what the EPTAB is looking for. Please let me know if you have additional questions. Sincerely/ { , Douglas Swank Governing Board: Valerie Boyd,Chairman,Ex officio-Naples Claudia Davenport-Everglades City Ellin Goetz-Naples Samuel E.Poole III,Executive Director Carey Garland,Naples Clifford B.Barksdale-Naples A.Glenn Simpson-Naples Paul Van Buskirk,Director,Big Cypress Basin District Headquarters•P.O.Box 24680 3301 Gun Club Road•West Palm Beach,FL 33416-4680•(407)686-8800•FL WATS 1-800-432-2045 BIG CYPRESS BASIN EXOTIC VEGETATION & CHEMICAL INVENTORY Aquatic Vegetation Encountered Chemical Control Hydrilla Sonar Phragmitis Rodeo Cattail Rodeo Water Lettuce Diquat Chara Hydrothol 191 Coontail Diquat Water Hyacinth 2-4 D Alligator Weed Rodeo Torpedo Grass Rodeo Duckweed Diquat Bladderwort Sonar Terrestrial Vegetation Encountered Chemical Control Australian Pine Cut and Paint with Velpar Melaleuca Cut and Paint with Velpar Earleaf Acacia Garlon 3A, 2-4 D Cogan Grass Arsenal Brazilian Pepper Garlon 3A, 2-4 D Note: This table was created with the assistance of Jan Fry, Aquatic Spray Technician Casuarina Adans. �.glauca is an occa an species in scattered localities Australian pine,beefwoods,Brazilizan oak,horsetail tree most commonly in Dade,Broward,Palm Beach,and Martin counties,produces dense stands,spreads by Three species of Australian pines(actually referred to as seeds and suckers from roots.C.equisetifolia(C.litorea) ------.. oaks in Australia)arrived in Florida in the late is common throughout southern Florida in disturbed nineteenth century and are now quite naturalized. sites especially in coastal counties. Casuarina(Casuarinaceae: beefwood family)are not ac- tually pines at all,pines are gymnosperms and produce , ;1; no true flowers,while beefwoods are angiosperm dicots j H . ti with true floweFs;the cone-like nuts and modified leaves ,` ,-, only superficially resemble pines. Australian pines were planted around the state to stabilize ditch and canal ,, banks,provide shade,and to produce lumber. These - ,-°' ' trees can reach 115 feet in height and thrive in salty,open '° `t sand and shell beaches,rocky coasts,sand bars and is- lands. Casuarina can grow as much as 5-10 feet per year and grow densely,blanketing the ground with needles. y Species of Australian pine flower all year. The fruit is a ' a,, small cone-like nutlet 8-15 mm in diameter,which con- ' tains winged seeds easily distributed by the wind. These trees(especially C.equisetifolia and C.glauca)areform- — ing dense thickets and displacing mangroves and other native vegetation,especially in the Florida Keys and lower east coast. The shading and chemicals leached ' –. from leaf litter suppress competing plants. Growths of Australian pines shade-out dune plants thereby opening beaches and dunes to erosion and also physically inter " ' fere with nesting activities of native endangered salt -"- ' water crocodiles and sea turtles. The thick shallow roots are poor dune stabilizers compared with native fine- - , rooted plants and these trees readily succumb to hur- ricanes. Areas under Australian pines have been charac , terized as sterile with not much food for native wildlife. : The three species of Casuarina in Florida can be distint- ' ' '' guished as follows(from Richard Wunderlin's Guide to ,r the Vascular Plants of Central Florida,University Pres- ses of Florida). f , ,, „ -,,„,,,;„..0;, C,equisetifolia(Forst.)Australian pine,horsetail tree. ` ' .. - Leaves 6-8 per node,no brown band at base. ,” '`'1 ,^; -,,,,:::,-,,/ --- iti � / C. auca Sieb.ex Spreng. Scaly-bark beefwood, � , •, ,:y, Brazilian Oak.Leaves usually 12-16 per node,brown " . band at base;branches 0.7-1.0 cm in diameter,somewhat ,�` „7. %i ,-,,„____,,' rigid,covered with whitish substance that can be rubbed -_ �' ,s f off;plants produce suckers at base. } _ This publication was researched,edited,and compiled by the Bureau of Aquatic Plant Management,Technical Services Section (3917 Commonwealth Boulevard,Tallahassee,Florida 32399),Greg Jubinsky,Administrator,Andrew Leslie,Biological Scientist, and Laura Ethridge,Layout Coordinator. S WEED ALERT! On July 3, 1990, Chapter 90-313 was approved and became law.The general public,members of the nursery industry and water resource managers need to be aware of the serious threat to Florida's environment posed by Schinus terebinthifolius, Melaleuca quinquenervia, Casuarina equisetifolia and Casuarina glauca and penalties provided by this law. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cay.) Blake Brazilian pepper,Florida holly melaleuca, punk tree, cajeput, bottle-brush tree, paper- A small escaped ornamental tree(typically to 10 feet height bark tree but can reach 40 feet in height) native to Brazil and Melaleuca (Myrtaceae: myrtle family) is a large (80-100 Paraguay. First introduced in about 1892,now is abundant feet height)evergreen tree with a slender crown and white, in disturbed moist to mesic sites in the southern half of the many- layered, papery bark, native to Australia-Malaysia. Florida peninsula. Dense thickets exclude native vegeta- Original plantings in Florida started about 1906,uses were tion by shading and chemical inhibition of their growth,and as an ornamental, commercial timber, cover for deer, and provide relatively poor wildlife habitat. Brazilian pepper as a vehicle to dry up the Everglades to decrease (Anacardiaceae: sumac family) is related to poisonwood, mosquitoes and allow development. Melaleuca grows very poison oak, poison ivy, mango, pistachio, etc.; the berries densely,crowding-out native vegetation,but providing sub- are eaten by birds and other wildlife with narcotic or toxic optimal habitat and very little food for birds and other effects during some parts of the year. wildlife. Melaleuca grows very quickly(3-6 feet per year), Brazilian pepper produces dense clusters of small(1.5 mm) and has become very abundant in disturbed wet pine flat white flowers usually in spring. Clusters of small berries(6 woods,marshes and swamps of south Florida,and is rapidly mm diameter) change from green to bright red as they displacing cypress and sawgrass in the Everglades. Plants ripen, hence the misnomer "Florida holly." Trees are are cold sensitive but are found as far north as Gainesville. moderately salt tolerant,withstand flooding,fire,drought, and quickly resprout after being cut. The root system is not Melaleuca flowers up to five times per year. Small white considered very invasive. Brazilian pepper is considered a flowers are crowded in terminal spikes(three inches long) serious threat to natural Florida ecosystems. or groups of spikes on woody axes. Inflorescences resemble a bottle-brush,hence the common name"bottle- brush tree." The reddish-brown seeds are small (0.5-1.0 mm)and contained in woody seed capsuls(about 250 seeds per capsul). Seeds are viable 10 years and a single tree can store 2-20 million seeds that are released when the tree is 1 stressed or killed. Seeds need moist soil to germinate. 0 4 . Leaves are dark green and very aromatic when crushed. - Melaleuca spreads by prolific seed production and adven- #h '0.4 - ,,,,:, titious root spread. Cut trees quickly resprout from trunks +.,-�; ,*° and roots. Saplings are killed by fire,mature trees are not � '...-� � harmed and release seeds. Melaleuca is considered the pr., ,, Fri most serious threat to the Everglades ecosystem. 4-1-,,,l', . t: S. -,--its: N; 16 , "isli' 7:1' --k- ..,-4,4,'''';':::,,,,,,, ( fid ":„ , ' ..,,,, 4 eil t, I . MEMORANDUM TO: Exotic Removal Task Force FROM: Bruce W. McNall, MLA, Stormwater Management Coordinator f <-'" RE: Collier County Stormwater Management- Exotic Removal and Aquatic Plant Control Program. DATE: May 17, 1996 The Stormwater Management Department's Aquatic Plant Control Section is responsible for the maintenance of approximately 278 miles of secondary drainage canals, ditches, lakes, and roadside swales. The primary control of plants and weeds in the canals and on the canal banks is herbicide treatment. The majority of our herbicide is applied to control aquatic plants and those that grow adjacent to the canals and in established maintenance travelways. However, in some cases, our Maintenance Section physically removes exotic vegetation and some native vegetation which restricts the water flow or maintenance access of our canals. All other exotic removal is done by private contractors. Our exotic removal program includes some of the species listed in the Collier County Exotic Vegetation Ordinance 82-37, and all of those listed in the C.C.L.D.C., Sec. 3.9.6.4.1. Common Name Herbicide Used Application Method Exotics: Australian Pine Garlon 3A/Garlon 4/Pathfinder Basal Melaleuca Garlon 3A/Garlon 4 /Pathfinder Basal Brazilian Pepper Garlon 3A/Garlon 4/Pathfinder Basal Earleaf Acacia None Catclaw Mimosa None Java Plum None COLLIER COUNTY Downy Rosemyrtle None GOVERNMENT Women's Tonge None Certified Blue Chip Community BRUCE W. MCNALL, M.L.A. Stormwater Management Coordinator HEALTH&COMM.SERVICE 3301 E.TAMIAMI TRAIL (941)732-2501 NAPLES,FLORIDA 33962 FAX(941)732-2526 Native Plants: Wax Myrtle Garlon 3A/Garlon 4 /Pathfinder Basal Willow Garlon 3A/Garlon 4 /Pathfinder Basal Common Name Herbicide Used Application Method Aquatic Plants: Algae AV-70 Surface Spray Alligator Weed RodeoII Arrowhead Rodeo II Baby Tear Reward 'I Barnyard Grass Arsenal/Rodeo ,, Bladderwart RewardII Bulirush Arsenal " Cadillo Rodeo Carlic Sedge RodeoII Cattail Arsenal/Karmex/Rodeo ,, Chara K-Tea-Copper /Reward II Cordgrass Arsenal/Rodeo/Velpar ,, Ditchbank Grass Arsenal/Rodeo/Velpar Il Dogfennel Rodeo II Duckweed Reward ,, Filam, Algae Aquashade/Reward/Copper /I Flatsedge Arsenal/Rodeo/Velpar ,, Foxtail Rodeo /Velpar II Giant Arrowhead Rodeo/Reward " Guinea Grass Banvel 720/Rodeo " Hydrilla Aquathol-K/ Sonar SRP II Johnson Grass Arsenal/Rodeo ,, Lantana Rodeo/Velpar II Maidencane Arsenal/Rodeo " Needle Grass Rodeo II Paragrass Arsenal /Rodeo ,, Paspalum Rodeo II Pennywart Arsenal/Reward/Rodeo ,, Phragmites Arsenal/Rodeo Pickerel Weed Rodeo II Pigweed Arsenal/Karmex/Velpar ,, Pithophora K-Tea " Planktonic Algae Reward II Purslane Velpar ,, Ragweed Rodeo ,, Common Name Herbicide Used Application Method Red Ligwigia Rodeo Surface Spray Salt Brush Rodeo Salvinia Rodeo Saw Grass Rodeo/Velpar Sedge Grass Arsenal/Velpar/Rodeo Signal Grass Rodeo Smart Weed Arsenal/Rodeo/Velpar Smut Grass Arsenal /Rodeo/Velpar Southern Naiad Reward Spanish Needle Rodeo/Velpar Star Grass Arsenal/Rodeo Torpedo Grass Arsenal /Rodeo Umbrella Grass Arsenal Water Hyacinth Rodeo/Reward/Diquat Water Hysop Arsenal Water Lettuce Reward Water Primrose Arsenal/Banvel 720/Rodeo Water Silk K-Tea Copper White Lily Rodeo/Reward/ Sonar SRP Wild Rice Arsenal/Rodeo Wool Grass Arsenal BWM cc: Nancy Anne Payton , Florida Wildlife Federation Bradley Cornell, 556 109th Ave. North,Naples Charles Ray, Realtor Kimberly Pollen, Environmental Specialist II Mike Kirby, Code Compliance Investigator Thomas Conrecode, P.E., Public Works Administrator John Boldt, P.E., P.L.S., Stormwater Management Director Page 6 SPECIFICATIONS Bid # 96-2516 County-Wide Ditch Bank Clearing Project Phase V These specifications are intended to provide the information by which prospective bidders may understand the requirements of Collier County relative to furnishing and delivering County-Wide Ditch Bank Clearing, Phase V. BID BOND: ' Each bid shall be accompanied by a certified or cashiers check or a Bid Bond in an amount not less than five percent (5%) of the total Bid to be retained as liquidated damages in the event the successful Bidder fails to execute the Agreement and file the required insurance within fifteen (15) calendar days after the receipt of the Notice of Award. PERFORMANCE BOND AND PAYMENT BOND: Due to the size and nature of the work, no Performance or Payment Bond will be required on this project . SCOPE OF WORK: The intent of this bid is to obtain competitive written bid prices in order to establish a contract for the proposed County-wide Ditch Bank Clearing Project Phase V. The project involves clearing of undesirable vegetation, primarily Brazilian Pepper, that has the potential to restrict stormwater flow and maintenance access from ditch cross-sections and adjacent established maintenance travelways . The total additional number of work sites are scattered throughout the coastal urban area of Collier County at approximately 14 different locations and includes an estimated 21, 405 feet (4 . 1 miles) of ditch bank clearing. (Reference attached Map of Work Sites) . The Contractor shall furnish all labor, materials, supervision, equipment, supplies, tools, services, disposal methods, and all other incidentals required to perform all ditch bank clearing work covered by this proposed contract. If conditions require it, it shall be the Contractors responsibility for hauling chipped materials to the County' s landfill and payment of all associated disposal fees. SITE SPECIFIC CONDITIONS - SEE ATTACHMENT NO. 1 BASIS FOR BIDS: Each bidder shall quote a SINGLE UNIT PRICE for each work site as delineated herein. This price shall cover ALL labor, equipment and materials necessary to complete the work required in this proposed contract . Page 7 SPECIFICATIONS (Continued) Bid * 96-2516 County-wide Ditch Bank Clearing Project Phase V BASIS OF AWARD: Award will be by designated work sites, all-or-none, or any combination thereof, whichever is deemed to be in the best interests of Collier County (and within budgetary limitations) . Should the total amount bid for all work sites exceed the funds available, the County shall reserve the right to select those work sites or portions of work sites that are of the highest priority and within the budget authorized. Priorities are shown for each Work Site on the Bid Schedule. LICENSE: The Contractor shall secure all required licenses and permits to comply with County, State and Federal regulations . The Contractor shall adhere to the terms and conditions of the County' s Aquatic Plant Control Permit issued by the Bureau of Aquatic Plant Control Management of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. (copy available from the County' s Stormwater Management Department upon request) INSURANCE COSTS : Since these conditions include Insurance Requirements, it should be noted by the bidder that, in order to meet the County' s requirements, there may be additional insurance costs to the bidder' s firm. It is, therefore, imperative that the bidder discuss these requirements with the bidder' s agent, as noted on the Insurance Menu, so that allowance for any additional costs can be made by the bidder. CONTRACTORS EMPLOYEES : All employees of the Contractor shall be considered to be, at all times, the sole and exclusive employees of the Contractor under his sole and exclusive direction, and not an employee or agent of Collier County. The Contractor shall supply competent and physically capable employees and Collier County reserves the right to require the Contractor to remove an employee it deems careless, incompetent, insubordinate, or otherwise objectionable from performing work on the County' s drainage easements under this Contract. REQUIREMENTS : All small trees (under 4" d.b.h. ) , cabbage palms, overhanging brush or tree limbs, brush or other vegetative material shall be removed from the ditch cross-section and adjacent maintenance and travelways and shall be neatly cut off at or near the ground surface but no higher than 6" above the average surrounding ground level . All limbs, branches, stems or trunks that are to cleared from the work site shall be chipped and hauled from the site. At a few locations however, when approved in advance by the Aquatic Plant Control (APC) Supervisor, chipped material may be blown into adjacent wooded areas or vacant lots where such disposal method will not create a nuisance or other detrimental situations such as scattering fertile seeds from exotic plants. Under normal conditions, Brazilian Pepper does not have seeds on them from March to October. Page 8 SPECIFICATIONS (Continued) Bid # 96-2516 County-wide Ditch Bank Clearing Project Phase V REQUIREMENTS (continued) : All stumps created in the clearing operation shall be treated with Garlon 3A or another approved growth preventative herbicide within 10 minutes of cutting. A green marker dye shall be mixed with the herbicide to identify all stumps that have been treated. The applicators of the herbicides shall be State licensed and the treatments shall be in accordance with label requirements . Failure to follow labeling directions will be cause to terminate the Contract . ACCESS/EASEMENTS : The County shall, when available, provide the Contractor with information concerning available easements, right-of-ways or legal access to designated work sites . The Contractor shall limit their operations to said easements/access points unless they contact private property owners and obtain permission to trespass onto their private property for the purpose of cutting and removing the targeted undesirable vegetation materials from the County' s easements . At some work sites, access to the brush may require temporary "bridging" across water filled ditches (no filling allowed) to reach the work locations that are on the side opposite of the maintenance travelways . SAFETY: The Contractor shall perform all ditch bank clearing operations in a orderly and safe manner. Particular care shall be taken when working in close approximately to road right-of-ways. All operations that limit or hinder traffic movements shall be done in accordance with the requirements and permission of the Collier County Transportation Department . Under some circumstances, special signage and/or flagman may be necessary to control traffic. SANITARY FACILITIES : If remote work sites require it, the Contractor shall provide all their employee' s with adequate sanitary facilities. NOTIFICATION: The Contractor shall be responsible for keeping the APC Supervisor advised at all time of his work site locations and proposed schedule for performing the work required under this Contract . CLEAN UP: All work sites shall be cleaned up and left in a neat and orderly manner including picking up and removal of all loose and unsightly vegetative materials. Included in the cleanup operation shall be the removal and proper disposal of all trash, trimmings, and debris previously deposited in the ditch cross section or adjacent travelway. LIER COUNTY AQUATIC PLAN DNTROL STORMWATER MANAGEMENT DEPAt_MENT Secondary Drainage System: 135 Miles - 636 Acres - Avg. 4 . 7 Ac/Mile Roadside Swales: 143 Miles - 381 Acres - Avg. 2 . 6 Ac/Mile Parks & Recreation Lakes Maintenance: 13 Acres Other Miscellaneous Areas: 70 Acres Total: 278 Miles - 1100 Acres Drainage Atlas Maps show all drainage systems in Collier County either maintained, not maintained or proposed. These systems are broken down by Branch Number (i .e. LCB-01) and Reach Numbers (i.e. C0005-c0095) . Secondary system is treated on a priority basis: Priority One: 4 treatments/year Priority Two: 3 treatments/year Priority Three: 1-2 treatments/year J.H. Boldt 5/15/95 "What to Expect" A guide to our standards of service! Stormwater Management Services The Stormwater Management Department mission is to provide for the appropriate use, protection, conservation, restoration and enhancement of the water resources of Collier County. The secondary drainage system shall be maintained using herbicide and mechanical treatment using available staff and equipment to achieve desirable level of service standards. Unrestricted flow in all secondary drainage systems to minimize flooding damage to the County's road system and improved properties. Reduction of public complaints concerning excessive plant growth in the secondary drainage system. Response to all customer complaints within 24 hours of receipt. Follow up on all complaints within 5 working days. Monitor, operate and maintain the various water level control structures and stormwater pumping stations to maximize water quality enhancements, groundwater recharge and to minimize the potential for flooding and subsequent damage to property. Doc: 8896 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT "AQUATIC PLANT CONTROL PROGRAM" SUMMARY OF HERBICIDE TREATMENTS (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) PRIORITY BASE NUMBER OF TOTAL ACRES NUMBER OF TOTAL ACRES AREA ACRES TREATMENTS TREATED W/ TREATMENTS TREATED MECHANICAL RANKING TREATED PER YEAR 3 CREWS PER YEAR W/ 2 CREWS ACRES 1 61.8 4 247.2 3 185.4 37 2 237.3 3 711.9 2 474.6 113 3 305.0 2 610.0 1 305.0 295 Roadside Ditches 381.2 1 381.2 1 381.2 ---- P & R Lakes 13.0 1 13.0 1 13.0 ---- Government Centers Lakes 3. 3 1 3.3 1 3.3 ---- Utility Treatment Facilities 66.0 1 66.0 1 66.0 5 Airport Runways 11.0 1 11.0 1 11.0 ---- TOTALS 1016.8 2043.6 1439.5 450 Doc: 8622 S‘eAv.P Anna Col - ount I : atural Reser.- •- • .. • •na: •nt Departure .. 2800 Horsesh• - ive 4 02.1) . Naples, F • Ida �• Office: • 252- Fax: (239)25 .479 (//J)1CL' L, 1/4R "11)--.;- Please J .Please T • Our Customer ._-rvice Surveys Under Florida L. ,e-mail addresses ar• : •" •r.s.If you do no - our e-mail address released in response to a public records request,do not send electronic mail to this entity.Inste.. -• tact this office by "one or in writing. 2 Brazilian pepper BCB BCNP CREW CSS CSSP DWPSRA FPNWR RB TCI Schinus terebinthifolius melaleuca BCB BCNP CREW CSS CSSP FPNWR PSSF RB Melaleuca quinquenervia Australian pine BCB BCNP CREW DWPSRA FPNWR RB TCI Casuarina spp. Java plum BCNP CREW CSS PSSF RB Syzygium cumini downy myrtle CREW CSS RB TCI Rhodomyrtus tomentosus air-potatoe BCNP CSS CSSP RB Dioscorea bulbifera cogon grass BCB BCNP CREW PSSF Imperata brasiliensis water lettuce BCB BCNP CSS FPNWR Pistia stratiotes water hyacinth BCB BCNP CSS Eichhornia crassipes laurel fig BCNP DWPSRA TCI Ficus microcarpa hydrilla BCB BCNP FPNWR Hydrilla verticillata torpedo grass BCB BCNP FPNWR Panicum repens schefflera BCNP RB TCI Schefflera taccada Caesar's weed CSS RB TCI Urena lobata wedelia DWPSRA RB TCI Wedelia trilobata earleaf acacia BCB RB Acacia auriculiformis lather leaf FPNWR RB Colubrina asiatica carrotwood DWPSRA TCI Cupaniopsis anacardioides guava BCNP FPNWR Psidium quajava mahoe RB TCI Hibiscus tiliaceus shoebutton ardisia TCI Ardisia elliptica bischofia BCNP Bischofia lavanica lantana DWPSRA Lanatana camara Japanese climbing fern CSSP Lygodium japonicum Old World climbing fern CSS Lygodium microphyllum Burma reed BCNP Neyraudia reynaudiana Napier grass BCNP Pennisetum purpurem oyster plant RB Rhoeo spathacea tropical soda apple BCNP Solanum viarum women's tongue TCI Albizia lebbeck night-blooming cereus TCI Cereus undatus Indian dalbergia BCNP Dalbergia sissoo lead tree BCNP Leucaena leucocephala Asian sword fern TCI Nephrolepis multiflora bowstring hemp RB Sansevieria hyacinthoides arrowhead vine RB Syngonium podophyllum rosary pea* TCI Arbus precatorius brake fern* BCNP Pteris cretica KEY * = not listed on the Exotic Pest Plant Council's 1995 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species BCB = SFWMD - Big Cypress Basin BCNP = Big Cypress National Preserve CREW = Corkscrew Regional Ecosystem Watershed CSS = Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary CSSP = Collier Seminole State Park DWPSRA = Delnor Wiggins Pass State Recreation Area FPNWR = Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge PSSF = Picayune Strand State Forest RB = Rookery Bay and the Ten Thousand Islands TCI = The Conservancy, Inc. NOTES: Entries in bold print are defined in the LDC as exotic vegetation. Common names in bold print are defined in the LDC as prohibited species. MAY-14-96 TUE 09 : 13 AM REALTY CONCEPTS 813+592 0300 P. 01 85 RIDGE DRIVE NAPLES, FL 33963 (941) 597-3298 May 14, 1996 Memo TO: Nancy Payton, Brad Cornell, Kim Polen FROM: Chuck Ray Following is a rough outline for our product. Pleas',e look at this as a Scope of Work and comment on its adequacy. Some potential R&D entities are: 1 USDA; USDI; EPA; Army COE; 1 FDEP; SFWMD Univ Fl; FSU; other universities, colleges Paper companies Other industries It would be tough for any one of us to contact all t. ese, so we seem to need some division of the task. Our nextmeeting is scheduled for the .484422a/ believe that we shouldiaccel- erate this in order to complete the outline and begin fill- ing in the blanks. Considering the Sunshine, let 's coordin- ate through How about ~17- tet week? I ±11 be availab - � t a , time. bite MIS • { { 1 MnY-14-96 TUE 09 : 14 AM REALTY CONCEP `� TS 813+592 0300 P. 02 ra�rwra�•. m -� EXOTICS TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN COLLIER COUNTY Preliminary Scope of Work & Report Outline I. Problem Overview: The Plants and their effects; why EPTAB involvement ~` L A. Ecological B. Financial • . private / public C. Public health aspects y D. Aesthetic / others II. Literature Review Research efforts (Separate section on this??) 4P Controls Eradication Methods seK�� vOF � bi Potential use as byproducts 5hE7Z4 M� JJ i / �� E di III. Ordinances, Rules 1 04 A. Local . . . County; GMP, LDC, Naples LDC, etc. B. State, Federal I IV Project Review i S;rICr ---A. Pops SV ---B. County Properties / Projects, buildings, treatment plants, other County facilities C. Rights of way / easements (canals - transmi4sion lines, etc. ) D. Grandfathered subdivisions V. Control Efforts Local - Fed / State followup Enforcement; adequacy, shortcomings, '1 VI. Recommendations Public education Funding sources Potential Uses Paper products Fuel for power generation Soil amendments for ag use Anything that would offset or reduce cost of removal WANTED DEAD, NOT ALIVE COLLIER COUNTY'S PROHIBITED EXOTIC PLANTS: Australian pine (Casuarina spp. ) Melaleuca (Melaleuca spp. ) Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) Earleaf acacia (Acacia auriculiformis) Catclaw mimosa (Mimosa pigra) Java plum (Syzygium cumini) Downy rosemyrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosus) Women's tongue (Albizia lebbeck) {a 1 l 1. (e • t . - J .!'' v .....,•...t. r'��- . t /`' o; J 4-,+ p L,/ /-� S /, V. .2 . SC e•1 A....,t 1 — 3 _.(3e...,.... _c. y .,:.,..4-. 0$,_ 6_,_..._c, _ — k..: .../. ......e .._./ 4_e_/..,./ 3 C/ ►'4 Jh•?-s 11.-1,---- (..rp, c ate!S: C...4,,., . " )e.r,_,' v S ( a.-<.-'1•,- ._ • _r -I (--, A..: . " _,. .. c::: kt .✓` Fc ✓ rC r� . 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OSS -t m z Z © 0 K -1 m m o z > O _ n Z D n omOmmzm 0 0 0C� 6c> rnK33m r CO m = Co ommmOG) U) 1 mom mz2 —im2 K9. 05 --Im c -< 00 zcn0 M m -I > m zmi mgr- Mrc- o D c D m D X co � 0 pivisfon 2.4 Landscaping and Buffering 2.4.4.8.13 palbergia sissoo (Indian Rosewood) 2.4.4.8.14 Eucalyptus spp. (Eucalyptus) 2.4.4.8.15 Grevillea robusta (Silk Oak) This list shall be subject to revision as exotic plant species are determined to be noxious,invasive, cause environmental degradation to native habitats, or to be detrimental to human health, safety or the public welfare. 2.4.4.9 prohibited Exotic Species. In addition to the prohibitions outlined in Sec. 2.4.4.8, the following species or seeds thereof shall not be grown,offered for sale, or transported inter-county or intra- county. 2.4.4.9.1 Melaleuca spp. (Punk) 2.4.4.9.2 Schinus terebinthifolius(Brazilian pepper) 2.4.4.9.3 Any member of the family Casuarinacaeae (Australian Pine) 2.4.4.9.4 jthodomyrtus tomentosus(Downy Rosemyrtle) 2.4.4.10 Existing Plant Material. In meeting the requirements of landscaping, the Development Services Director may permit the use of healthy native plant material existing on site. In so doing, the Development Services Director may adjust the application of the standards of these regulations to allow credit for such existing plant material, provided, he may not permit the reduction of required percentages of a landscaped area or reduction in numbers of trees or shrubs required, unless otherwise allowed pursuant to Sec. 2.4.4.11. Removal of vegetation is subject to the Vegetation Removal, Protection, and Preservation Section (Division 3.9). All new development shall retain existing native vegetation to the maximum extent possible. Existing native vegetation shall be retained unless stormwater management design,necessary grade changes, required infrastructure or approved construction footprints necessitate its removal. The need to remove existing vegetation shall be demonstrated by the applicant as a part of the site/construction plan review process. Areas of retained vegetation shall be preserved in their entirety with all trees, understory, and ground covers left intact and undisturbed provided that prohibited exotic plant materials as defined herein are to be removed . During construction, all reasonable steps necessary to prevent the destruction or damaging of existing vegetation shall be taken. No excess soil, additional fill, equipment, liquids, or construction debris, shall be placed within the drip line of any vegetation that is required to be preserved, or that will be credited towards the required landscaping. Protective barriers shall be installed and maintained beyond the drip line of all retained vegetation unless site improvements prohibit installation of barriers beyond the dripline, and shall remain in place for the duration of the construction process phase . Collier County 2-131 October 30,1991 Land Development Code Amended October 14,1992 Division 2.4 Landscaping and Buffering 2.4.4.6 Lawn Grass. Grassed areas shall be planted with species normally grown in permanent lawns common to the Collier County area. Grassed areas may be sodded,plugged, sprigged, or seeded provided solid sod shall be used in swales or other areas subject to erosion and provided further, in areas where other than solid sod or grass seed is used, nursegrass seed shall be sown for immediate ground coverage until permanent coverage is achieved. The use of drought tolerant species is advised. 2.4.4.7 Site Specific Plant Materia(. Trees and other vegetation shall be planted in soil and climatic conditions which are appropriate for their growth habits.The Development Services Director shall review and approve landscape plans based on the following criteria. Required plants used in the landscape design shall be: 2.4.4.7.1 Appropriate to the conditions in which they are to be planted (including drought, salt and cold- tolerance). 2.4.4.7.2 Have non-invasive growth habits. 2.4.4.7.3 Encourage low maintenance. 2.4.4.7.4 Be otherwise consistent with the intent of this Division. 2.4.4.8 Prohibited Species. The following plant species are prohibited. 2.4.4.8.1 Broussonetia papyrifera (Paper Mulberry) 2.4.4.8.2 Any member of the family Casuarinaceae (Australian Pine) 2.4.4.8.3 Enterolobium Cyclocarpum (Ear tree) 2.4.4.8.4 Melaleuca spp. (Punk) 2.4.4.8.5 Melia azedarach (Chinaberry tree) 2.4.4.8.6 Schinus terebinthinfolius(Brazilian Pepper ) 2.4.4.8.7 Rhodomyrtus tomentosus (Downy rosemyrtle) 2.4.4.8.8 Bischofia iavanica (Bishopwood) 2.4.4.8.9 Scaevola frutescens (Australian Inkberry) 2.4.4.8.10 Syzygium cumini (Java Plum) 2.4.4.8.11 Mimosa pigra (Cat-claw mimosa) 2.4.4.8.12 Acacia auriculiformis(Earleaf Acacia) Collier County 2-130 October 30,1991 land Development Code Amended October 14,1992 DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENTS § 3.9.6.6.5 building permit shall be exempt from an agricultural clearing permit but must obtain a vegetation removal permit. 3. No agricultural clearing permit shall be required for protected vegetation that is dead, dying or damaged beyond saving due to natural causes also known as acts of God providing that: a. The development services director is notified in writing within two business days prior to such removal and the county makes no objec- tion within said two business days; b. The tree is not a specimen tree; c. The vegetation is not within an area required to be preserved as a result of a required preservation, mitigation or restoration program; d. The parcel is currently engaged in bona fide agriculture, as defined by this code. 4. No agricultural clearing permit shall be required for the removal of any vegetation planted by a farmer or rancher which was not planted as a result of a zoning regulation or a required mitigation or restoration pro- gram. 3.9.6.6. Requirement for removal of prohibited exotic vegetation. 3.9.6.6.1. Prohibited exotic vegetation removal and methods of removal shall be con- ducted in accordance with the specific provisions regarding prohibited exotic vegetation removal in each local development order. 3.9.6.6.2. Protection of native vegetation, according to the applicable provisions of this division shall be required during prohibited exotic vegetation removal. 3.9.6.6.3. Prohibited exotic vegetation shall be removed: (1) From all rights-of-way, common area tracts not proposed for development and easements prior to preliminary acceptance of the phase of the re- quired subdivision improvements; (2) From within the associated phase of the final site development plan prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy. 3.9.6.6.4. Verification of prohibited exotic vegetation removal shall be performed by the development services director's field representative. 3.9.6.6.4.1. Herbicides utilized in the removal of prohibited exotic vegetation shall have been approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 3.9.6.6.4.2. When prohibited exotic vegetation is removed, but the base of the vegetation remains, the base shall be treated with an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency approved herbicide and a visual tracer dye shall be applied. 3.9.6.6.5. A maintenance plan shall be submitted to the development services director for review on sites which require prohibited exotic vegetation removal prior to the issuance of the local development order. This maintenance plan shall de- scribe specific techniques to prevent reinvasion by prohibited exotic vegetation of the site in perpetuity. This maintenance plan shall be implemented on a yearly basis at a minimum. Issuance of the local development order shall be LDC3:137 § 3.9.6.1 COLLIER COUNTY LAND DEVELOPMENT CODE mangrove alteration permits the natural resources director may approve or deny an application. An approved vegetation removal permit is valid for a period not to exceed 180 days except for mangrove alteration. Mangrove al- teration permits shall be valid for a period of five years from date of issuance, or date of issuance by the Florida department of environmental protection.An extension requested prior to expiration of the original permit may be granted for good cause shown upon written application to the development services director and for mangrove alteration permits the county manager or his des- ignee. The development services director and for mangrove alteration permits the county manager or his designee may attach conditions to the permit rel- ative to the methods of designating and protecting vegetation not proposed for removal. A violation of these conditions shall [be] cause to void the vegetation removal permit. 3.9.6.2. Denial of permit. In the event an application is denied by the development services director, the reason(s) shall be noted on the application and returned promptly. 3.9.6.3. Permit fees. All vegetation removal and agricultural clearing permit applica- tions requiring review and approval shall be charged a review fee unless spe- cifically exempted by the development services director pursuant to this code. The board of county commissioners shall establish and adopt, by resolution, a schedule of fees for vegetation removal, review and approval permits. The schedule of fees and the resolution establishing such fees shall be on file with the clerk to the board.The schedule of fees may be changed by resolution of the board of county commissioners. 3.9.6.4. Exceptions. 3.9.6.4.1. A vegetation removal fee is not required to remove the following prohibited exotic vegetation from developed property or from undeveloped property after a vegetation removal permit has been issued: (1) Australian pine (Casuarina spp.). (2) Melaleuca (Melaleuca spp.). (3) Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius). (4) Earleaf acacia (Acacia auriculiformis). (5) Catclaw mimosa (Mimosa pigra). (6) Java plum (Syzygium cumini). (7) Downy rosemyrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosus). (8) Women's tongue (Albizia lebbeck). 3.9.6.4.2. Except for lots on undeveloped coastal barrier islands, and any project pro- posing to alter mangrove trees, a vegetation removal permit for clearing one acre or less of land is not required for the removal of protected vegetation, other than a specimen tree on a parcel of land zoned residential, single-family (RSF), village residential (VR), or estates (E), or other nonagricultural, non- commercial zoning districts in which single-family lots have been subdivided for single-family use only, where the following conditions have been met: (1) A building permit has been issued for the permitted principal structure (the building permit serves as the clearing permit), or LDC3:132 DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENTS § 3.9.6.6.5 building permit shall be exempt from an agricultural clearing permit but must obtain a vegetation removal permit. 3. No agricultural clearing permit shall be required for protected vegetation that is dead, dying or damaged beyond saving due to natural causes also known as acts of God providing that: a. The development services director is notified in writing within two business days prior to such removal and the county makes no objec- tion within said two business days; b. The tree is not a specimen tree; c. The vegetation is not within an area required to be preserved as a result of a required preservation,mitigation or restoration program; d. The parcel is currently engaged in bona fide agriculture, as defined by this code. 4. No agricultural clearing permit shall be required for the removal of any vegetation planted by a farmer or rancher which was not planted as a result of a zoning regulation or a required mitigation or restoration pro- gram. 3.9.6.6. Requirement for removal of prohibited exotic vegetation. 3.9.6.6.1. Prohibited exotic vegetation removal and methods of removal shall be con- ducted in accordance with the specific provisions regarding prohibited exotic vegetation removal in each local development order. 3.9.6.6.2. Protection of native vegetation, according to the applicable provisions of this division shall be required during prohibited exotic vegetation removal. 3.9.6.6.3. Prohibited exotic vegetation shall be removed: (1) From all rights-of-way,common area tracts not proposed for development and easements prior to preliminary acceptance of the phase of the re- quired subdivision improvements; (2) From within the associated phase of the final site development plan prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy. 3.9.6.6.4. Verification of prohibited exotic vegetation removal shall be performed by the development services director's field representative. 3.9.6.6.4.1. Herbicides utilized in the removal of prohibited exotic vegetation shall have been approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 3.9.6.6.4.2. When prohibited exotic vegetation is removed, but the base of the vegetation remains, the base shall be treated with an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency approved herbicide and a visual tracer dye shall be applied. 3.9.6.6.5. A maintenance plan shall be submitted to the development services director for review on sites which require prohibited exotic vegetation removal prior to the issuance of the local development order. This maintenance plan shall de- scribe specific techniques to prevent reinvasion by prohibited exotic vegetation of the site in perpetuity. This maintenance plan shall be implemented on a yearly basis at a minimum. Issuance of the local development order shall be LDC3:137 ORDINANCE 91,""N -47 AN ORDINANCE RELATING TO THE CONTROL OF LITTER, THE UNLAWFUL ACCUMULATION OF WEEDS, G PND THE THE UNLAWFUL ACCUMULATION OF EXOTIC® WITHIN THE UNINCORPORATED AREA OF COLLIER o } 'l COUNTY, FLORIDA; SETTING FORTH FINDINGS AND Tr. t-- PURPOSE; PROVIDING TITLE AND CITATION; C.' r1 PROVIDING APPLICABILITY, SETTING FORTH DEFINITIONS; DECLARING LITTER TO BE A PUBLICS?, NUISANCE; DECLARING UNLAWFUL ACCUMULATION OF u. WEEDS TO BE A PUBLIC NUISANCE; DECLARING cP UNLAWFUL ACCUMULATION OF EXOTICS TO BE A + i PUBLIC NUISANCE; PROVIDING FOR THE CONTROL OF LITTER, PROVIDING FOR CONTROL OF THE UNLAWFUL ACCUMULATION OF WEEDS, REGULATING THE STORAGE OF ABANDONED PROPERTY; REGULATING THE STORAGE OF LITTER; PROVIDING FOR CONTROL OF THE UNLAWFUL ACCUMULATION OF EXOTICS, PROVIDING .,17.52622 FOR THE ABATEMENT OF NUISANCES; PROVIDING FO• l- EM ASSESSMENT FOR THE ABATEMENT OF NUISANCES; /may `o . PROVIDING FOR ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES; 15. o PROVIDING FOR PENALTIES; PROVIDING FOR CONFLICT AND SEVERABILITY; PROVIDING FOR `� MB REPEAL OF ORDINANCE NUMBERS 76-14, 84-63, w 85-33, AND 89-66, PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE•? a �> DATE. ``•;�S Vn '£[ZLL!C`•6S WHEREAS, Chapter 125, Florida Statues, establishes the right and power of counties to provide for the health, welfare and safety of existing and future residents of the County by enacting and enforcing zoning regulations necessary for the protection of the public; and WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners has determined that land which is allowed to become overgrown with weeds, grass, or such other prohibited exotic orsimilar growth or land on which abandoned properties or trash is allowed to accumulate is detrimental to the health, safety and welfare of the citizens of Collier County as harborage for vermin, rodents and other disease vectors; and WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners has been advised by the members of Collier United for Rights and Egl4ality (C.U.R.E.) that the overgrown condition of particular parcels of property in certain areas throughout Collier County provides locations for the concealment of persons with criminal intent and thereby contribute to criminal activity in these areas; and _ -1- .gym _....._,.., 1 r � WHEREAS, the State Attorney's off- . and Collier County Sheriff's office have confirmed the use of such areas for the perpetration of criminal activity. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA that: SECTION ONE: Findings of Fact The Board of County Commissioners does hereby make the following findings of fact: a. The accumulation of litter and abandoned property on public and private property constitutes a hazard and is detrimental to the health, safety and welfare of the Citizens of Collier County; b. The accumulation of weeds, grass, or other pro- hibited exotic or similar growth on, or in close proximity to, residentially, commercially or industrially zoned land is detrimental to the health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of Collier County. c. Certain areas of Collier County contain parcels of property which are currently undeveloped, but which are located within and/or are in close proximity to residentially or commercially zoned and developed areas, and which may be used by persons with criminal intent for concealment in order to perpetrate crimes on the residents of these areas and the citizens of Collier County. SECTION TWO: Title and Citation This Ordinance shall be known and may be cited as the "Collier County Litter, Weed and Plant Control Ordinance." SECTION THREE: Applicability This Ordinance shall apply to and be enforced in ill unincorporated areas of Collier County. SECTION FOUR: Definitions The following words, phrases or terms as used in this Ordinance shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise: ; "Abandoned property"shall mean wrecked, inoper- _ . ative, derelict or partially dismantled property having little, if any, value other than nominal salvage value, which has been left unattended and unprotected from the elements, which shall include, but not be limited to, motor vehicles, trailers, boats, machinery, appliances such as refrigerators and washing machines, plumbing fixtures, furniture, and any other similar article. "Exotics" shall mean Australian pine (Casuarina, all species) , melaleuca (all species), Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) , or downy rose myrtle (Rhodomvrtus tomentosus) or any prohibited exotic species in accordance with Ordinance 82-37, as amended. "Enclosed container" shall mean, for -purposes of this Ordinance, any container whose physical structure is such as -- to-prevent enclosed materials from falling out, spilling, blowing out by wind action, or coming out by another acci- dental means during transport, and shall include, but not be limited to, garbage cans, boxes, truck bodies capable of being enclosed and any other container sufficient to prevent the accidental scattering or leaking of said materials on the public roads. "Improved property" shall mean property that contains buildings, streets or other structural improvements. "Inert waste materials" shall mean brick, block, con- crete, rock, stone, earth and sand, free from contamination or other types of waste and capable of serving as fill material without harm to, or pollution of, ground or surface waters. "Litter" shall mean any discarded, used, or unconsumed substance or wastes. • Litter shall include, but shall not be limited to, garbage, trash, refuse, debris, hazardous rub- bish, including paper (newspapers, magazines) products, glass, metal, plastic or other containers, cloth, wood and . -3- we . products, sweepings, liquids (ot. than uncontaminated water) , sludge, grass clippings, tree limbs, trunks and roots, undergrowth and materials produced by clearing and grubbing and other horticulture wastes, motor vehicle parts and tires, furniture, oil or grease, the carcass of a dead animal, any obnoxious or offensive natter of any kind, any object likely to injure any person or create a traffic or pedestrian hazard, or any other condition of any unsightly nature, which may have been discarded, abandoned or otherwise disposed of improperly. "Mcwable lot" shall mean a lot, fifty percent (501) or more- of which can be mowed with bushhog-type, or smaller mowing equipment without damage to the lot or equipment. "Prohibited accumulation of exotics" shall sear. any accumulation of prohibited exotic plants in excess of eighteen (18) inches in height located on unimproved property and in violation of this Ordinance. "Recorded subdivision" shall mean land subdivided into three (3) or more lots, parcels, sites, units or any other division of land for which a plat has been filed with the Clerk of Courts of Collier County. "Storage of litter" shall 'ean the interim containment of litter in a manner approved by the Board of_County Commissioners, after generation of such litter and prior to proper and final disposal. "Unauthorized accumulation of litter" shall wean the accumulation of litter in or upon any public or private property or body of water which is not contained within proper containers or receptacles provided for control of litter or is not otherwise permitted or authorized-by any other Collier County Ordinance. This shall not include building materials used in construction or repair of a buildingor structure which materials are _ properly stored at the site of such activity, so long as the subject building is -4- a � by m constructed, remodeled or repair-a-under the authority of a current, valid Collier County Buii.:ing Permit and for which the materials are to be used. "Unlawful accumulation of weeds. crass or similar non-protected overgrowth" shall mean any accumulation if any part of such accumulation is in excess of eighteen (18) .rt inches in height and is declared to be a public nuisance when located.on a mowable lot, improved or unimproved, in any recorded or unrecorded subdivision of this County, except Golden Gate Estates. Accumulations of protected vegetation such as-coastal strand, scrub, tropical hammocks, dune vegetation, and property officially declared to be wetlands by any federal, state, or local authority are hereby exempted from such public nuisance declarations. "Unrecorded subdivision" shall mean land which for the purpose of sale or transfer has been subdivided prior to the enactment of Ordinance 76-6, as amended, or any other division of land for which a plat has not been filed with the Clerk of Courts of Collier County. "Written corrective notice" shall mean a written state- ment issued to the violator or his or her agent identifying and specifying the violation, the date, location the vio- lation was found, the corrective measures required.to be taken and the date by which the corrective measures are to'be completed. SECTION FIVE: Litter Declared To Be A Public Nuisance The unauthorized and improper dumping, accumulation or storage of litter or abandoned property as described in Sections Six, Seven, Eight, Nine or Ten in or upon public or private property is hereby declared to be a publid huisance. SECTION SIX: Unlawful To Litter It shall be unlawful for any person to throw, discard, place, drop, or deposit litter in any manner or amount in or upon any public property, private property, highway, street, -5- a>.y it of way or body of water withit e unincorporated areas of Collier County, Florida, except in such areas and con- tainers specifically provided and appropriately designated for the disposal of litter. In any case where litter is ejected or discarded from a motor vehicle, except at approved and permitted disposal sites, the operator of the motor vehicle shall be deemed in violation of this Ordinance. SECTION SEVEN: Unauthorized Accumulation Of Litter Prohibited Any unauthorized accumulation of litter in or upon, any property, vacant or improved, or on or upon any public street, alley or other public or private place is a violation of this Ordinance. Any property owner, tenant, occupant, agent, manager or other person who owns, maintains, or con- trols private property, whether improved or unimproved, is hereby declared to be in violation of this Ordinance where • any such unauthorized accumulation of litter is maintained or is allowed to remain on such property. Unauthorized accu- mulation of litter shall also include, but not be limited to, the accumulation or storage of litter or containerized litter or abandoned property adjacent to public rights of way if such materials are placed upon a right of way earlier than six (6) p.m. of the night prior to the regularly scheduled pickup for that location by the County solid waste collection contractor, or allowing said accumulation to remain adjacent to the public right of way after six (6) p.m. of the day of the scheduled pickup. SECTION EIGHT: Dumping or Depositing of Abandoned Property Prohibited It shall be unlawful for any person- to engage in or permit the dumping, storing, placing, or depositing-of abandoned property on any real property, street, or highway; however, abandoned property kept in a completely enclosed building or a business enterprise which is lawfully licensed and zoned for receipt and storage of abandoned property shall n exception to this provision. l.bandoned property is kept or stored in connection with a lawfully licensed busi- ness enterprise, all abandoned property shall be screened so that it is not visible from any public right of way or from any property used for residential purposes. It shall be un- lawful to engage in or permit the dumping, storing, placing, or depositing of abandoned property in any residential area, unless such abandoned property •is kept in a completely enclosed building. SECTION NINE: Storage Of Litter a. All commercial establishments shall store their litter in containers so as to eliminate wind-driven debris and unsightly litter in or about their establishments. The number and size of containers necessary for each.commercial establishment shall be that nx'mher required to maintain clean, neat, and sanitary premises. Spillage and overflow around containers shall constitute an illegal accumulation of litter and shall be immediately cleaned up as it occurs. b. All loading and unloading zones at commercial • establishments shall be provided With litter receptacles by the owner of the business to store loose debris, paper, cardboard, packing materials, and al) other similar materials. c. Each person owning or operating any establishment- cpen to the public shall provide receptacles adequate to contain litter generated from such establishment. d. Any and every person in possession, or in charge or in control of any place, public or private, where litter is accumulated or generated shall provide and at all times maintain adequate and suitable receptacles and/or-containers capable of holding such materials until proper final disposal is accomplished. e. All construction and demolition contractors, whether owners or agents, shall provide on-site receptacles for loose -7- r:' 4M>> • l,' • .;ris, papers, building materials _e, scrap building materials and other litter products in order to prevent wind- driven scattering of such materials if the materials are otherwise not properly disposed of on a daily basis. SECTION TEN: Waste Materials Management a. Inert waste materials may be buried on a site after a valid building permit for such site has been obtained and posted and provided that such disposal is in conformance with federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Inert waste materials as used herein are specifically limited to brick, block, concrete, rock, stone, earth and sand, free from con- tamination of-any on-tamination- of-any type of waste and capable of serving as fill materials without harm to, or pollution of, ground or surface waters. All other waste, including garbage, haz- ardous waste, rubbish, including refuse, paper products, containers, cloth, wood and wood products, sweepings, lig- uids, (other than water) , sludge, tree limbs and trunks, undergrowth, and material produced by clearing and grubbing and other horticultural waste shall not be buried on-site but shall be otherwise lawfully disposed of and are hereby classified as litter. Inert waste materials such as brick, block, and concrete which have not been properly buried or disposed of are hereby classified as litter. b. On-site containment of downed trees and other vegetative growth shall be permitted in the Golden Gate Estates zoned areas and only for vegetative growth which has been cut, cleared or removed on the same property of the permitted construction, providing all of the following conditions are met: a valid building permit for construction on the applicable Estates lot has been obtained and:is posted before removal and containment of such growth. The downed trees and vegetative growth are placed into an excavated earthen depression which does not exceed three (3) feet in depth from the surrounding natural-elevation-and does not- - - -8- • s �3 _r a horizontal surface area gree than nine thousand (9,000) square feet. All such excavated earthen depressions containing downed trees and vegetative growth shall be located at the rear of the Estates zoned properties and shall not be closer than fifteen (15) feet from the side property ,` line nor closer than fifty (50) feet from the rear property line. The covering of such vegetative containment areas by more than six (6) inches of earth is prohibited. The nearest point of such excavated earthen depression for containment of on-site downed trees and vegetative growth shall not be closer than one hundred (100) feet to any structure, nor closer than one hundred (100) feet to any public or private right- of way. All downed trees and vegetative growth con- tained in such excavated earthen depression shall be so contained to prevent the protrusion of any such growth more than twenty four (24) inches above the surrounding natural elevation including earthen cover. Failure to either remove downed trees or downed vegetative growth from Golden Gates Estates zoned properties or to properly contain such material, as required by this Ordinance, shall result in such downed trees and/or downed vegetative growth being classified as litter and thereby subject the property owner, agent, and/or other responsible parties to any and all penalties provided under this Ordinance. SECTION ELEVEN: Declaration of Public Nuisance a. The accumulation of weeds, grass, or other similar non-protected overgrowth in excess of eighteen (18) inches in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance when located upon any movable lot, whether improved or unimproved, in any recorded or unrecorded subdivision of this County, except Golden Gate Estates, and which condition has been specifically described by legal description and determined by the County Manager or his designee to be a public nuisance pursuant to this Ordinance, in that such lot -9- • is, or may reasonably be expected to cecome, infested or .* inhabited by non-protected rodents, vermin or wild animals, or may furnish a breeding place for mosquitoes, or threaten or endanger the public health, safety or welfare, or may reasonably be expected to cause disease, or adversely affect and impair the aesthetic integrity or economic welfare of ri adjacent or surrounding property. Accumulations of protected vegetation such as coastal strand, scrub, tropical hammocks, dune vegetation, and property officially declared to be wetlands by any federal, state, or local authority are hereby exempted from such public nuisance declarations. b. The accumulation of weeds, grass, or other prohibited exotics or similar growth in excess of eighteen (18) inches in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance when located upon any unimproved property in this " County, except Golden Gate Estates, which condition is ad- jacent.to a public right of way and is not within a recorded or unrecorded subdivision where such property has been des- cribed by-legal description and determined by the County Manager or his designee to be a public nuisance pursuant to this Ordinance, in that such property threatens or endangers the public health, safety or welfare; however, the requirements for abatement of the public nuisance as des- cribed in Section Twelve shall only apply to that portion of the property to a depth of twenty (20) feet from the property line or lines running adjacent and parallel to a public right of way. Accumulations of protected vegetation such as coastal strand, scrub, tropical hammocks, dune vegetation, and property officially declared to be wetlands by any federal, state, or local authority are hereby exempted from such public nuisance declarations. c. The accumulation of prohibited exotics, as defined by this Ordinance, in excess of eighteen_(18) inches in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance • -�0 rg 3 n located upon any unimproved prc ty in Collier County when the exotics are located within a two hundred (200) foot radius of any improved property located in a recorded or unrecorded subdivision. The unimproved property containing the prohibited exotics shall be described by legal des- . cription and determined by the County Manager or his ir designee to be a public nuisance pursuant to this Ordinance, in-that such property threatens or endangers the public health, safety or welfare; however, the requirements for abatement of the public nuisance as described in Section 'Twelve "shall only apply to that portion of the unimproved property where the prohibited-exotics exist within a two hundred (200) foot radius of improved property. Accu- mulations of protected vegetation such as coastal.strand, scrub, tropical hammocks, dune vegetation, and property officially declared to be wetlands by any federal, state, or local authority are hereby exempted from such public nuisance declarations. d. The accumulation of weeds; grass, other prohibited exotics or similar growth in excess of eighteen (18) inches in height is hereby prohibited and declared to be a public nuisance when such condition is located on any nndmproved property in Collier County which is within five hundred (500) feet of improved property when such accumulation has aided any person to conceal or facilitate the commission of crimi- nal acts -against passers-by and the citizens of Collier County and is likely to continue to aid in the concealment or commission of future criminal acts if such accumulation is not abated. A report from the Collier County Sheriff's office identifying such unimproved property which has been utilized by any person to conceal or facilitate the com- • mission of criminal acts against passers-by or the citizens of Collier County shall constitute cause.for such unimproved property to be determined -a-public nuisance by the County -11- - - e.. v y'- r.. Manager or his designee pursuant to this Ordinance, in that such property threatens or endangers the public health, safety, or welfare; however, the requirements for abatement of the public nuisance as described in Section Twelve shall only apply to that portion of the unimproved property where the accumulation exists within a five hundred•(500) foot ri radius of improved property. Accumulations of protected - vegetation such as coastal strand, scrub, tropical hammocks, dune vegetation, and property officially declared to be wetlands by any federal, state, or local authority are hereby exempted from such public nuisance declarations. SECTION TWELVE: Abatement of Nuisance a. Whenever the County Manager or his designee shall - determine that a public nuisance as described in Sections Five, Eight, 'Ten or Eleven herein exists, he shall cause a notice to be served on the recordowneror owners of said property as appropriately provided for in this Section and in. Section Fifteen informing them of the existence of the nuisance in substantially the following form: Office of the Compliance Services Manager Notice of Violation To: Date: Ordinance Violation Case No. Property: According to the official records of this County, you are the owner of the above-described property. As such, you are hereby notified that the Compliance Services Manager, on determined that a public nuisance existed upon such property, caused by: You are further notified that you shall abate this nuisance within twenty (20) days. Failing this action on your part, the Board of County Commissioners will cause the nuisance to be abated. The direct cost plus an administrative fee of not less than $100.00 will be levied as an assessment - against the property. -12- he T Lou tray contest this deter inatoiathearing existence of a public nuisanif ce byapplying before t' 15$Odays from uthe danty teloflthis snotice• fifteen ( ) b. If the property owner or someone on his behalf has not abated the identified nuisance as described in said iving of • 20 days from the date of the g • � notice within twenty ( ) notice as aforesaid, the County shall forthwith abate the condition and shall, through its employees,.servants, agents or contractors, be authorized to enter upon the property and take such steps as are reasonably required to effect the abatement of the nuisance. SECTION THIRTEEN: Assessment for Abating Nuisance a. As soon after such abatement as feasible, the cost thereof to the County as to each parcel shall be cal- culated and reported to the Collier County Compliance • Services Manager or his designee. An invoice shall be mailed to the property owner for the cost of ah?tement which invoice shall include an administrative expense of $100.00 per parcel of property when paid within twenty (20) days from date of invoice. b. If the invoice sent by the Compliance Services Manager or his designee is not paid at the expiration of the twenty (20) day period, the Board of County Commissioners shall be notified. Thereupon the Board of County CozZnissioners, by resolution, shall assess such cost against such parcel. Said resolution shall describe the land and show the cost of abatement, which shall include an additional administrative expense of $100.00 per parcel. Such assess- ment shall be a legal, valid and binding obligation which shall run with the property until paid. The assessment shall become due and payable twenty (20) days following the mailing of the notice of assessment after which interest shall accrue at the rate of twelve percent (12%) per annum on any unpaid portion thereof. c. The Clerk shall mail a not to the owner or owners of record cf each of said parcels of land described in the resolution, at the last available address for such owner or owners, which notice shall be in substantially the following form: f BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA LEGAL NOTICE OF ASSESSMENT OF LIEN DATE: ( REF. INV.# ) LIEN NUMBER: LEGAL DESCRIPTION: You, as the owner of record of the property above described, are hereby advised that Collier County, Florida did on.the day of , 19 , order the abatement of a certain nuisance existing on the above property, sending you notice thereof, such nuisance being: A copy of such notice has been heretofore sent you. You failed to abate such nuisance; whereupon, it was abated by Collier County at a direct cost of $ and an administration cost of $200.00 for a total of $ .00. - Such cost, by resolution of the Board of County Commissioners of Collier County, Florida, has been assessed against the above property on , 19 , and shall become a lien on the property thirty (30) days after such assessment. You may request a hearing before the Board of County Commissioners to show cause, if any, why the expenses and chargs incurred by the County under this Ordinance are excessive or unwarranted or why such expenses should not constitute a lien against the property. Said request for hearing shall be made to the Clerk to the Board of County Commissioners, Government Center, Naples, Florida 33962 in writing within thirty (30) days from the date of the assessment. CLERK, BOARD OF COUNTY COMaiISSIONERS d. After the expiration of one year from the date of recording of the Assessment of Lien, as provided herein, a suit may be filed to foreclose said lien. Such foreclosure proceedings shall be instituted, conducted and enforced in conformity with the procedures for the foreclosure of S -14- -• - -moi-.;p4. ,.::. cipal special assessment liens, et forth in Chapter 173, Florida Statutes, which provisions are hereby in- corporated herein in their entirety to the same extent as if such provisions were set forth herein verbatim. e. The liens for delinquent assessments imposed here- under shall remain liens, coequal with the lien of all state, county, district and municipal taxes, superior in dignity to all other filed liens and claims, until paid as provided herein. - SECTION FOURTEEN: Right To Hearings On Declaration of Public Nuisance and Assessment a. Any property owner receiving notice from the County Manager or his designee of the existence of a public nuisance as described in this Ordinance may contest this determination by filingan application for a hearing before the Board of County Commissioners within fifteen (15) days from the date affixed on the notice of public nuisance. b.. Prior to the expiration of the twenty (20) days provided in Section Thirteen of this Ordinance, any owner shall have a right to request a hearing before the Board to show cause, if any, why the expenses and charges incurred by the County under this Ordinance are excessive or unwarranted or why such expenses should not constitute a lien against said property provided that nothing contained in this Section is to be construed to disturb or permit a review of the determination by the Board of the existence of the public nuisance under Sections Twelve and Thirteen of this Ordinance. c. If, after said hearing, the Board determines that the assessment is fair, reasonable, and warranted, the assessment resolution shall be recorded forthwith. If the Board deter- mines that the charges are excessive or unwarranted, it shall direct the County Manager to re-compute the charges and the -15- 3rd shall hold a further hearing . Ar notice to the owner upon the re-computed charges. SECTION FIFTEEN: Enforcement Procedures Investigators of Collier County Compliance Services are hereby empowered to issue written corrective notices and/or notices to appear in misdemeanor court to any person vio-- v, lating the provisions of this Ordinance. Written.corrective notices issued to .violators of this Ordinance shall state the date observed, nature of the offense committed, correctivemeasures to be taken and the. date on or before which such corrections shall be made. In the event the agent issuing the written corrective notice has reason to believe a violation presents a serious threat to the public health, safety or welfare of the public or that the violation is of such a nature as to require immediate correction, the violator nay be required by the notice to effectuate immediate corrective measures upon receipt of the notice. The time period allowed for taking corrective measures shall not exceed thirty (30) days. All such notices issued shall be maintained by the issuing authority for public inspections during normal office hours. Notices mailed to the violator's address indicated on the records of the Collier County Property Appraiser of such Iot or parcel of land for ad valorem taxation purposes by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, shall be deemed personal service upon the person, for the purpose of this Ordinance. Any person who has been served with such notice in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance, and who neglects or refuses or fails to fully comply with the corrective notices so ordered and/or to comply within the time frame so ordered therein, shall be in violation of this Ordinance. - -16- • tl •IC`i SIXTEEN: Penalties If any person fails or refuses to obey or comply with or violates any of the provisions of this Ordinance, such person upon conviction of such offense, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed Five Hundred Dollars ($500:00) or by imprisonment not to exceed sixty (60) days in the County jail, or both, in the discretion of the Court. Each violation or non-compliance shall be considered a separate and distinct offense. Further, each day of continued violation or non-compliance. shall be considered as a -separate offense. Nothing herein contained shall prevent or restrict the County from taking such other lawful action in any court of competent jurisdiction as is necessary to prevent or remedy any violation or non-compliance. Such other lawful actions shall include, but shall not be limited to, an equitable action for injunctive relief or an action at law for damages. Further, nothing in this Section shall be construed to prohibit the County from prosecuting any violation of this Ordinance by means of' a Code Enforcement Board established pursuant to the authority of Chapter 162, Florida Statutes. All remedies and penalties provided for in this•Section shall be cumulative and independently availableto the County and the County shall be authorized to pursue any and all remedies set forth in this Section to the full extent allowed by law. - SECTION SEVENTEEN: Repeal of Ordinances Ordinance Numbers 76-14, 84-63, 85-33 and 89-66 are hereby expressly repealed upon the passage of this Ordinance. SECTION EIGHTEEN: Conflict and Severability In the event this Ordinance conflicts with any other ordinance of Collier County or other applicable law, the more restrictive shall apply. If any phrase or portion of this Ordinance is held invalid or unconstitutional by any court of -17- s competent jurisdiction, such portion shall be deemed a sepa- rate, distinct and independent provision and such holdirc shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion. SECTION NINETEEN: Effective Date This Ordinance shall take effect upon receipt of notice from the Secretary of State that this Ordinance has been filed with the Secretary of State. PASSED.AND DULY ADOPTLD by the Board of County Commissioners of Collier County, Florida, this i4/ day of , 1991. ATTE ila ,�^ BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS AMES C. GTLES, Clerk COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA 4-- • fir t" I By: II....�.��I.._ j, ., - •ATRICIA ANNE G• YID^ a •-• Chairman Approved'as to'form•and • legal•suffidiency: Tnis ordinonce filed wtth tine-- MARTHA he:MARTHA N. HOWELLcretory of ale's Oiilca�tia Assistant County Attorney It7d6,-/..1 and cc .edcern off thot dcY h/fYe(3030 . received 13 YC6 - a.t County Manager's Agency ATTENTION: LOCAL MEDIA Office of Public Information 774-8069 Contact: William D. Lorenz Jr. , P.E. , Director Natural Resources Department 732-2505 The Exotic Plant SubCommittee of the Environmental Policy Technical Advisory Board will hold a meeting on Monday, May 6, 1996 at 9 : 00 a.m. , in Conference Room C on the 3rd floor of the Health and Community Services Building (formerly Building H) at the Collier County Government Center. 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