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TR 84-4 I \ PART 4 1 I I COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT UNITS: Data Inventory and Analysis r \ \~COq-~ 1984 Research supported in part by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation and the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, Administered by the Office of Coastal Zone Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration '-. ~DO TECHNICAL REPORTS NATURAL RESOURCES OF COLLIER COUNTY 84-1. 84-2. 84-3. 84-4. NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCES COASTAL ESTUARINE RESOURCES COASTAL ZONE ~ANAGEMENT UNITS: nATA INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT UNITS: Atlas DRAFT ORDINANCES FOR PROTECTION OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS 84-5. 84-6. . , Technical Report No.84-4 MARK A. BENEDICT, PH.D. Director ROBERT H. GORE, PH.D. Coastal Zone Management Specialist JUDSON W. HARVEY Coastal Zone Management Associate MAURA E _ CURRAN Coastal Zone Management Technician (i) NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT COLLIER COUNTY GOVERNMENT COMPLEX 3301 TAMIAMI TRAIL EAST NAPLES. FLORIDA 33942-4977 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ........................................................... iii SECTION 1 Background ........................................................ 1 SECTION 2 Resource Management Units for the Collier County Coastal Zone ..... 3 SECTION 3 Coastal Drainage Districts Coastal Zone 1 - Cocobatchee River ........................... 5 Coastal Zone II - Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition ........ 6 Coastal Zone III - Gordon River .............................. 9 Coastal Zone IV - Water Management District No.6............ 11 Coastal Zone V - Belle Meade ................................. 13 Coastal Zone VI - Picayune--tamp Keasis ....................... 15 Coastal Zone VII - Fakahatcbee-Okaloacoochee ................. 18 Coastal Zone VIII - Turner River ............................. 20 SECTION 4 Coastal Barrier Units Coastal Barrier 1 - Barefoot Beach ........................... 22 Beach Segment 1 Lely Barefoot Beach ................... 25 Beach Segment 2 Little Hickory Haulover ............... 31 Beach Segment 3 Barefoot Beach ........................ 36 Beach Segment 4 Barefoot Beach State Preserve ......... 41 Coastal Barrier 2 - Vanderbilt Beach ......................... 46 Beach Segment 5 Wiggins Beach ......................... 48 Beach Segment 6 Delnor Wiggins State Park ............. 53 Beach Segment 7 Vanderbilt Beach ...................... 58 Beach Segment 8 Pelican Bay North ..................... 64 Beach Segment 9 Clam Pass North ....................... 69 Coastal Barrier 3 - Park Shore ............................... 74 Beach Segment 10 Clam Pass Beach South ................ 76 Beach Segment 11 North Park Shore ..................... 81 Beach Segment 12 South Park Shore ..................... 87 Beach Segment 13 Moorings ............................. 92 Coastal Barrier 4 - Naples Headland .......................... 97 Beach Segment 14 Naples North ......................... 99 Beach Segment 15 Central Naples ....................... 104 Beach Segment 16 Olde Naples .......................... 110 Beach Segment 17 North Port Royal..................... 115 Beach Segment 18 South Port Royal..................... 121 Coastal Barrier 5 - Keewaydin Island ......................... 126 Beach Segment 19 North Keewaydin Island ............... 128 Beach Segment 20 Johns Haulover ....................... 133 Beach Segment 21 Central Keewaydin Island ............. 138 Beach Segment 22 South Keewaydin Island ............... 144 Beach Segment 23 Hurricane Spit ....................... 149 . . i TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) SECTION 4 (Continued) Coastal Barrier 6 - Coconut Island Group ..................... 154 Beach Segment 24/25 - Sea Oat/Coconut Island ............ 155 Coastal Barrier 7 - Marco Island ............................. 161 Beach Segment 26 Hideaway Beach North ................. 165 Beach Segment 27 Tigertail Beach ...................... 170 Beach Segment 28 North Marco .......................... 176 Beach Segment 29 Central Marco ........................ 181 Beach Segment 30 South Marco Beach .................... 187 Beach Segment 31 Point Marco .......................... 192 Coastal Barrier 8 - Kice Island .............................. 197 Beach Segment 32 - Kice Island .......................... 198 Coastal Barrier 9 - Morgan Island Group ...................... 203 Beach Segment 33 North Morgan Island .................. 204 Beach Segment 34 - South Morgan Island .................. 209 Beach SegmeLt 35 - ~organ Spit .......................... 214 Coastal Barrier 10 - Cape Romano Island ...................... 219 Beach Segment 36 - Cape Romano .......................... 220 Beach Segment 37 - Cape Romano Spit ..................... 225 Cultural/Historic Summary.................................... 230 Wildlife Summary ............................................. 232 SECTION 5 Future Directions .............. .... .............. ... ...... ... ..... 235 APPEND IX A ................................................... 236 List of Publications Pertaining to Coastal Fauna .................. 236 11 PREFACE Overview Collier County's coastal zone. defined for administrative purposes as that area of the County on the Gulf side of U.S. 41 (the Tamiami Trail), encompasses 328 square miles of coastal barrier. bay. wetland. and maritime upland habitats. The coastal zone stretches 57 miles from the northwest to southeast and varies in width from 2 miles at the north county line, to 12 miles in the vicinity of Marco Island and 8 miles near the southern county border. Collier County's coastal zone, which maKes up 16 percent of the County's total land area. is inhabited by 38.800 people (1980 census), 45 percent of the County's population. An addi- tional 29,300 people live within 5 miles east of U.S. 41. In total, 79 percent of the county's population is found within 10 miles of the Gulf of Mexico. The County's coastal zone is characterized by both developed and undeveloped areas. Of the 328 square miles in the coastal zone 67 square miles (21 percent) are developed. Of the remai~ing 261 square miles 123 square miles (37 p~rcent) are undeyelopec and pres~rved as Federa1 (Everglades National Park, Rookery Bay National Estuarine Sanctuary), State (Fakahatchee Strand, Collier-Seminole, and Delnor-Wiggins State Parks and Barefoot Beach State Preserve), and County (Tigertail and Clam Pass Beach Parks) resource management and protection areas. The remaining 138 square miles (42 percent) are undeveloped and in private ownership. Unlike most of the rapidly developing counties in South Florida, Collier County is unique in that the great majority of its coastal zone is still in its natural state. Hundreds of thousands of acres of coastal barriers, wetlands, bays, and marine grassbeds are still relatively undisturbed, much as they have been for thousands of years. It is these areas that have made Collier County so aesthetically attractive. If properly managed they will continue to function in this respect. Of equal importance, however, are the natural resources of these undeveloped regions of the coastline areas which are ecologically vital to both the County and southwest Florida. The coastal barriers, if they remain unaltered, serve as a first line of defense against tbe sea. Storm surge damage, coastal flooding. and erosion of the mainland can be alleviated or slowed by a functioning, natural system of. coastal barriers. The wetlands, shallow bays, and marine grassbeds are other important parts of the coastal ecosystem. The mangrove forests (those in Collier County being some of the largest, undisturbed systems in the United States and one of tbe best developed in the world) and associated marshes provide the organic materials and detritus that form the basis of the coastal food chain and support the abundant shellfish and finfish re- sources of southwest Florida. The unaltered coastal ecosystem not only functions as a haven for birds, fish, and other wildlife, but may also provide necessary refuge for those species that have been driven from adjacent, heavily altered or extirpated coastal systems. The undisturbed natural systems of Collier County form the keystone for the south Florida ecosystem. The coastal zone links the estuarine systems of Lee and Monroe County while the vast, unspoiled eastern area of the County connects the coastal and interior wetland systems with those of Dade and Broward Counties. H1 Almost half of the unaltered coastal zone in Collier County is under the ownership and/or management of Federal, State, or Local agencies for the sole purpose of protecting the natural systems. Although this is gratifying, it is important to remember that the other half of the undisturbed coastal area is in private ownership. In addition, both the private and the managed coastal areas are bounded by uplands that are either developed or projected for future urban or agricultural dev- elopment. Activities undertaken in the private areas of the coastal zone or on adjacent upland property, if not properly planned, could result in the degradation of our remaining undisturbed coastal areas in only a few decades and the loss of their resources. In a recent position paper R. A. Livingston wrote that "if history is our guide, one basic problem lies in public acceptance of almost any level of environmental deterioration as long as it occurs gradually enough". To safeguard the coastal zone resources of Collier County fro. gradual deterioration and to ensure their continuing function as a vital part of the southwest Florida ecosystem, positive and direct steps must be taken. Predominant among these must be the implementation of a program to ensure that all future land use activities proposed for the coastal zone are designed to be totally compatible with, or at ~east root inimical to, tte ,~tural re- sources and the associated recreatioc values of the County's undisturbed coastal areas. Collier County Coastal Zone Management Program The coastal zone is one of Collier County's major assets. Abundant natural resources, ample recreation opportunities, and popularity as a homesite for many seasonal and full time residents are factors of the coastal zone well recognized by the Board of County Commissioners, the County staff, and many local conservation and business groups. For these reasons the community as a whole has supported past and present coastal zone management activities in Collier County. With the support of the Board of County Commissioners and grants from the Office of Coastal Management, Florida Department of Environ- mental Regulation, and the Erosion Control Program, Florida Department of Natural Resources, the Collier County Natural Resources Management Department is developing a County Coastal Zone Management Program. A major goal of this program is the protection of the natural resources of Collier County's coastal barriers, bays, and wetlands and the management of coastal development in order to ensure that future land-use activities will not degrade these resources. The Program is a continuous, multi- year project involving, research, implementation, and environmental protection activities. Progress to date includes data incorporated into the following Technical Reports: Technical Reports 83-1, 83-2, 83-3 Beach Management Planning and Implementation Strategies at the Local Level The Beach in Collier County: A Model in Southwest Florida Drafts plans for beach and coastal barrier management in Collier County; describes major components and imple- mentation of Collier County Coastal Zone Management Pro- gram; identifies Collier County as a model for beach A Resource Management Program for Iv the Coastal Barriers of Collier County, Florida management in Florida; pro- vides background data on beach resources, dynamics, and past management activi- ties; Technical Report 84-1 Natural Resources Management Plan Sets natural resource goals and policies for county and describes how they will be implemented; highlights coastal barrier., bsys, and wetlands as areas of special management concern; delin- eates the currently undevel- oped portions of the coastal zone as a distinct land-use type requiring careful re- view prior to any land de- velopmental or alterat10nal activities; Technical Reports 84-2, 84-3 Coastal Barrier Resources Coastal Estuarine Resources Evaluates and analyzes the current resources and en- vironmental features of the county's coastal barriers and coastal estuarine areas; presents data on shoreline migration, beach and inlet dynamics, and estuarine eco- systems; describes man's presence in the coastal zone and his current and poten- tial impacts; Technical Report 84-4, 84-5 Coastal Zone Management Units: Data Inventory and Analysis Coastal Zone Management Units: Atlas Delineates the coastal zone of Collier County into dis- crete management units and beach segments; compiles site-specific data on re- sources and management for each unit; Technical Report 84-6 Draft Ordinances for Protection of Coastal Ecosystems Reviews the existing codes and environmental ordinances for Collier County in com- parison to those from other Floridan counties; drafts model ordinances covering resource review, vegetation standards. coastal construc- tion activities, and perfor- mance bonds. v Upcoming Program activities include: (1) The design and implementa- tion of a development review procedure that closely ties the permitting of a land-use activity, proposed in or adjacent to the currently undevel- oped regions of the coastal zone, to a specific ecological community, its resource values, and its limiting biological and physical factors. The procedure will be designed to ensure that only those activities compat- ible with habitat values and functions, or designed to minimize adverse impacts on those values. will be allowed (project funded by D.E.R. Office of Coastal Management); and (2) The continuation of dune restoration and protection activities at all County beach parks and access points. The latter project involves the removal of exotic plant species, the recon- struction and revegetation of dunes damaged by storm activity or visitor use, the construction of back dune feeder walkways and dune crossovers, and the placement of signs and low profile fences to maintain the restored dunes (project funded by the D.N.R. Erosion Control Program). The results of these and other projects conducted under the County Coastal Zone Management Program will be the subject of future Technical Reports prepared by the Natural Resources Management Department. Acknowlecgem€nts The Natural Resources Management Department thanks the staff of the D.E.R. Coastal Management Office and the D.N.R. Erosion Control Program for the assistance they have given in the development of the Collier County Coastal Zone Management Program. The Department also acknowledges the staff of other County agencies and Departments that have provided technical support to this Program. Special appreciation and gratitude is expressed to Diane Brubaker, Linda Greenfield, and Margaret Tinney of the Community Development Division, whose assistance materially aided in the preparation of these Technical Reports. vi SECTION I BACKGROUND In carrying out their duties of na~ral resource protection and maintenance of environmental quality, resource managers at the local governmental level are faced with a number of problems. First, managers are, in all but the most populous counties, the sole environmental advisors to city or county planning agencies, city councilmen, or county commissioners. They often must respond to proposals for development or land alteration on short notice and with little staff assistance or time to gather the detailed environmental impact information necessary to support their recommendations. Second, requested project reviews are usually for a defined parcel of land and therefore site-specific. Good resource management practice however dictates both system-wide and site-specific analysis. Third, local managers often operate without the specific agency quidelines or administrative rules characteristic of state and federal environmental permitting agencies. At most they have only the general, countywide policies present in their Comprehensive Plan to support decisions. The creation of resource management units Can greatly assist mana- gers in carrying out their duties, as well as in solving the afore- mentioned problems. Management units are easily identifiable and ecologically functional units reflecting the natural variation and relationships of existing biological and physical features, and defined at several different levels. They can be broad-based and system-wide, covering a wide array of functionally related ecosystems, or site and process-specific covering only one habitat or one set of related physical features. Resource management units benefit the manager in a number of differ- ent ways. Once the units are defined, data on resources, land use, and physical processes are compiled prior to receiving requests for site- specific project review and recommendations. In addition the data base can be continually updated and expanded as more information is collected by staff. This data base, delineated and stored as discrete management units, gives the manager both system-wide and site-specific information to assist in petition review, as well as to support resultant recommenda- tions. Resource management units aid in expanding the scope of petition reviews. Managers are often forced into considering only on-site features and impacts because little time exists for comprehensive review and environmental information is usually supplied specifically for the parcel under consideration. Data from system-wide units can supplement environmental information submitted with a petition, thus enabling the manager to review a project both in its proper perspective and evaluate potential impacts in relationship to the broader biological and physical characteristics of the whole functional ecosystem. Resource data specifically collected and compiled at a number of different functional levels (e.g. data for a whole ecosystem as well as data for a specific habitat type or physical feature) can support adop- tion of area-specific and site-specific policies and review guidelines. There are great differences in the biological and physical characteris- tics, and the level of existing land alteration and development impacts, across any geographical/political unit (e.g. City, County, Region). Without site-specific data it is hard to formulate anything but 1 broadly-based county-wide policies. This creates problems because discrete features in different parts of a political unit can yield differing recommendations. This can result in uneven and inconsistent application of general county-wide policies, whereas well defined data-supported, management units and sub-units allow specific policies and guidelines to be formulated. Project recommendations are thus based on predefined rules and are also site-specific and consistent. Taken together, these and other benefits strongly support the definition and delineation of resource management units and sub-units. Once established, the data base will grow as more information becomes available. Recommendations pertaining to different types of actiVities, formulated and incorporated into a petition's approval or denial, thus become the review policies, development standards and management guide- lines for the appropriate unit. Resource management units, their data base, and management policies and recommendations can be created either as a discrete project or can be built gradually during the day-to-day review process that takes place at the local government level. Regard- less of the mechanisms or time frame, in the final analysis a system of management units can greatly assist managers both in the protection of existing r.atural resources anc the ~2inte~ar.ce of a~ area's e~viror.mental quality. 2 SECTION 2 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT UNITS FOR THE COASTAL ZONE OF COLLIER COUNTY Resource management units were defined for the coastal zone of Collier County as a part of the Natural Resources Management Department's continuing project to develop a county-wide coastal zone program. Following the formulation of a general management plan for the natural resources of Collier County (Technical Report 84-1) and the collection and analysis of background data on both coastal barrier and estuarine resources, processes, and developmental sensitivity (Technical Report 84-2 and 84-3) management units were delineated and relevant resource, process, and land use data were compiled for each. Resource management units were delineated for the coastal zone on three different levels. On the broadest, system-wide basis, the entire coastal zone of Collier County was divided into eight estuarine units. These units, termed coastal drainage districts, reflect historic sheet- flow pathways from the interior of the county to the Gulf. Where flow- ways in the historic districts were interrupted or alteT~d by man-made features (e.g. roads, canals) the drainage cistricts were modified accordingly. The drainage districts established for Collier County (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 5) encompass all parts of the County's estuarine system, the brackish marshes, mangrove forest, open bays, seagrass beds, and associated uplands. The coastal barriers of Collier County were also included in the above-mentioned system wide drainage districts. They form the next level of organization of Collier County's coastal management units. From the Lee County line to Cape Romano the 37 miles of Collier County's sandy shoreline was divided into ten coastal barrier units (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 10). Each unit other than Cape Romano Island is bounded to the north and south by a tidal pass. These units represent a functional and dynamic sub-system of the broader system-wide coastal drainage districts. They are highlighted and separated out as sub-units of the encompassing drainage districts. In this way their distinct characteris- tics and development-related problems are emphasized. To date the lowest level management units defined for the Collier County coastal zone are the beach segments. Beach segments are sub-units of coastal barriers that represent areas distinct from one another and possessing similar physical features (e.g. erosion rate). land use characteristics (e.g. public parks vs. private single-family develop- ment), and resource attributes (e.g. extent and level of alteration of the dune zone). Thirty-seven beach segments were defined within the Coastal Barrier Units (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 10). The most detailed, and therefore the most site specific resource, land use, physical process data, and management recommendations are found in the beach segment data sheets and maps. As described in the previous section, the delineation and mapping of management units and the compilation of resource and phYSical data is a dynamic continuing process. As more information is gathered the data base is expanded, the management comments and recommendations are ampli- fied, and in some cases additional levels or sub-units are defined. For this reason it should be realized at the outset that the data presented in this Technical Report and in the accompanying coastal management atlas (Technical Report 84-5) represent only that which has been collected and 3 compiled prior to the production of this report. This resource and land use information will continue to grow through the day-to-day operation of the County's coastal program. The remainder of this technical report is devoted to the presenta- tion of resource data existing at present in our coastal management program. The report starts with a synopsis of the information available for each of the eight coastal drainage districts. This is followed by summaries of the data on the ten coastal barrier units. For ease of use each coastal barrier unit synopsis is followed by the data sheets avail- able for each of the coastal barrier unit's contained beach segments. The coastal barrier unit and beach segment descriptions are followed by general summaries on cultural/historic and wildlife resources. More detailed system-wide descriptions of the County's coastal barrier and estuarine resources and the processes that control their existence is contained in Technical Report 84-2 (Coastal Barriers) and 84-3 (Estuaries). Rather than attempting to intersperse within this document all supporting management unit graphics, a coastal management atlas was prepared as an accompanying Technical Report 84-5. The atlas contains maps and photographs to be re~erred to .hile reviewing resource and management data presented in this report. Coastal drainage district graphics are found on pages 6 to 9 of the atlas and coastal barrier/beach segment figures and photographs are found on pages 12 to 82. To use this report and the accompanying atlas simply locate tbe geographical position of interest either through tbe maps presented in the atlas or the unit descriptions contained in this report. Once located the user can then determine the characteristics of the drainage district and/or coastal barrier in which the area of interest is located by reading the system-wide resource management synopsis and studying the accompanying graphics. For parcels on the county's coastline, the reader can obtain additional, more detailed site-specific information by review- ing the data sheets and map for the beach segment in which the parcel is located. The key for symbols used in the beach segment to depict tran- sects, beach access points, and other data is located on page 10 of the Coastal Management Atlas. In some cases the 1979 DNR air photos do not reflect the existence of new structures built on the segment be~een 1979 and 1984. Black squares indicate the relative position but not the areal extent of such bUildings. In addition to the above-referenced materials, the reader may obtain additional information on the County's coastal zone resources and management goals by scanning other technical reports prepared for the program. 4 SECTION 3 COASTAL DRAINAGE DISTRICTS Coastal Zone I - Cocohatchee River The boundaries of this district are SR 865 E on the north. US 41 S on the east. and SR 846 W on the south. The region encompasses the Barefoot Beach and Bonita Shores Coastal Units. and the towns of Bonita Shores and Naples Park (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 6). The area is primarily residential. with single and multifamily units and commercial clusters. Density ranges from low to medium on the mainland portion. and low on the barrier island. However, projected growth for future barrier island development at Barefoot Beach will result in medium to high residential densities. Total square mileage of land is 7.35; The percentage of water to land is 27.2%. are the Hickory Bay complex. Wiggins Pass. system. This district encompasses an interrupted coesta~ ' .oonal estuary, once contiguous with the estuarine systems in Lee County immediately to the north and especially the Estero Bay-Imperial River system. Major freshwater input occurs via the Cocohatchee River. a small, meandering stream that drains upland pine barrens to the east. The lagoonal estuary shows stagnation features at its northern end and water exchange is suspected to be low over any given tidal cycle owing to the cul-de- sac effect the interdiction of SR 865 produced on Little Hickory Bay. The system becomes more viable as the Wiggins Pass-Cocohatchee River area is approached. Inland water flow is broken into compartments in part by SR 901 from north to south, and by SR 888 from east to west. Much of the region within these compartments is pine-palmetto upland which grades into an extensive riverine mangrove system that opens into the lagoonal system and fringes the tidal pass and delta area immediately across from the river. At least 16 coastal zone ecosystems and subsystems are found here. In the Estuarine Ecosystem on the mainland these include salt marsh, mangrove forest, and areas non-vegetated by native plants. although supporting exotic species. Seagrass meadows are. to all. extents. non- existent although some sparsely vegetated patches are present. On the barrier island mangrove forest. naturally bare areas. and heavily over- grown exotic assemblages are found. In the latter Australian Pine predominates. The Maritime Ecosystem is a mixture of coastal hardwood hammocks nearest the lagoon. and pine barrens on the eastern side of SR 901. on the mainland. Interspersed in the latter are shrub thickets, as well as naturally bare areas. Exotic assemblages are predominantly Brazilian Holly. with some Australian Pine. Residential yards and multifamily areas support a mixture of introduced species of landscaping plants. The barrier island also supports a limited coastal hardwood hammock which grades into dune shrub thickets. Main exotics include Australian Pine intermixed along the fringes of the native coastal strand. Based on land and aerial survey data the major vegetational assem- blages are estimated as follows (in decreasing abundance): Pine-Cypress of water 2.0 square miles. Major hydrographical features and the Cocohatchee River 5 with interspersed shrub thickets, Pine-Palmetto-Oak forest patches, Red-Black-White mangrove assemblages along the estuary on both sides of the lagoon, residential exotica and Brazilian Holly and Australian Pine found mostly on the mainland side. Several of the islands in Little Hickory Bay support dense stands of Australian Pine but are fringed with red (and to a lesser extent black) mangroves. Residential exotics may be expected to increase based on developmental plans for the Barefoot Beach condominium. Pine-Cypress and Pine-Palmetto-Oak assemblages may be expected to decrease as condominium development continues on the mainland. General Notations. The Cocohatchee River district is a coastal area programmed for heavy future development. The mainland will probably remain as a medium to low density region, but with some light industry present, and more anticipated, it could increase rather rapidly. The river drainage is influenced by agricultural activity to the east and northeast and little control seems Possible in regard to nutrient or pesticide inputs at present. The lagoonal estuary is severely restricted at its northern terminus but becomes a more dynamic system closer to Viggins Pass. There are two presen'es, the Ba~efoot Beach Preserve and the Delnor-~1gg1ns State Recreational Area, toth of which are oases of green in a potential concrete desert. With the loss of estuarine connec- tions to the Lee County system, and continued enrichment from farmlands drained by the Cocohatchee. the system may be expected to undergo period- ic stress. Recommendations. Every effort should be made to control development along the Little Hickory Bay System. Present land use (which also includes marinas) will impose severe stress on the mainland side. espe- cially as the limited sheet flow is interrupted. and the present very limited freshwater marsh areas are destroyed. The system will maintain its integrity probably only in the Wiggins Pass area. Ranked Status should therefore be Conservation along estuarine margins, Preservation within the estuary itself, Development directed toward low densities, and maintenance of Recreation potentials at the State Preserve and State Recreation areas. The Ranked Land Use Matrix is PrOViSional, Compatible and Incompatible. respectively. Prognosis. Guarded; careful management will be needed throughout this system. Coastal Zone II - Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition The boundaries of this district are SR 846 E on the north. US 41 S on the east and Mooringline Drive in the city of Naples on the south. The region encompasses the Vanderbilt Beach Coastal Unit, and the town or real estate developments of Vanderbilt Beach. Park Shore. Moorings and Pelican Bay (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 6). The area is totally residential in the southern section, and large scale planned unit devel- opment for medium to high density residential single and multi-family in the north at Pelican Bay. A major commercial cluster Occurs at the junction of SR 862 and US 41. Total square mileage is land: 8.66. water: 3.5, to give a water to land percentage of 40.4%. The major hydrographical features are Inner 6 and Outer Clam Bays, Clam Pass, Inner and Outer Doctors Bay and Doctors Pass. There are no major streams or tributaries draining lands from the east. This district also is comprised of a long, interrupted coastal lagoonal estuary which was at one time continuous with that of the Cocohatchee System in the north and the Gordon River-Naples Bay system to the south. Presently, a series of interconnected extremely shallow lagoons comprises the Clam Bay System which intergrades into a more open, less basin-like series of bays comprising the Doctors Bay system. The Clam Bay system is relatively unaltered per se, although the extremely large PUD by Westinghouse Properties on the eastern shore called Pelican Bay, will have some impact on this portion. A large coastal bay forest is present along the mainland margin in this area. The lagoonal ponds appear to be relatively viable, although a study by Heald, et al (1978) found evidence of slow degradation, especially in the area of Inner Clam Bay mangrove strands. The Doctors Bay-Doctors Pass portion is completely altered by major residential development which includes single and multi-family resi- dences, including high rise condominiums. This area encompasses some of tbe most outrageously expensive real estate in the Naples area. The lagoonal system is almost completely bulkheaded with concrete and por- tions of the bays have been severely altered by dredge and fill finger canal-peninsular developments. Along US 41 at the eastern boundary is a commercial strip which consists of a hodgepodge of shopping centers, furniture stores, restaurants, automobile dealerships and other smaller "cottage industry" shops and stores. Water flow is restricted to ingress and egress at Clam Pass, a small torturously curved, tidal inlet with shifting topography, and in the south through Doctors Pass, an equally small, but artificially stabilized inlet bounded by riprap groins. Although the passes probably allow some drainage and flow at least from tbe upper two thirds of the system southward, the completely disturbed area of Doctors Bay produces an estuarine situation in name only. Indeed, the only dynamic part of the Cocohatchee-Gordon Transitional System is in the Clam Bay region, and that is being subjected to some modification through the upland development of the Pelican Bay complex. The northernmost portion of the inner Clam Bay section dead-ends along SR 862. A small roadside park surrounded by a large dead or dying stand of black mangroves marks the terminus of the system. Pelican Bay development encroaches directly into the system at this point. In this district at least 12 coastal zone ecosystems have been determined. In the Estuarine Ecosystem on the mainland, mangrove forest and coastal bay forests grade into Pine-Palmetto barrens through which scrub oak patches are found. However, much of this habitat will fall to the bulldozer as Pelican Bay continues to be developed. The coastal strand has been set aside as a preserved area. The effect such destruc- tion or alteration of the upland assemblages will have on the preserved system remains to be seen. Although some exotics are present (primarily Australian Pine and Brazilian Holly) the main exotic burden will be produced by landscaping within the developmental units. The Doctors Bay area has no naturally occurring ecosystems whatever. On the barrier island, mangrove forest predominates, grading through salt-tolerant shrub-scrub vegetation into a relatively mature and well developed coastal hardwood forest. Interspersed along the fringes and 7 throughout are Australian Pines. The mangrove forest becomes quite extensive and well-developed, primarily consisting of large, mature red and black mangroves through which tidal flow channels wind. This part of the system is a thriving example of what a mangrove forest should be, but whether it will remain as such will depend on what alterations take place in the hydrodynamic regime of the entire Clam Bay system. The Maritime Ecosystem is poorly developed or nonexistent owing to the aforementioned land development. Pine-Palmetto-scrub oak patches occur but may be expected to decrease as the area is built up. On the barrier island a well-developed dune scrub understory is present which decreases as the previously noted coastal hardwood forest progresses onto the beach. Seagrass beds are patchy, composed primarily of shoal grass, and are seasonally abundant. The bottom of the Clam Bay area is soft, finely divided mud of variable consistency. Large, open mudflats are exposed with falling tides and this part of the syste. appears to support a numerically abundant although species-poor invertebrate fauna. Land and aerial survey provide the follov1ng ranked floral assem- blages: Red-Black-White mangrove, Oak-Palmetto-Pine Barrens Oak-Bay Coastal Forest, Residential exotica, Australian Pine-debilitatec dune scrub associates. Major increases may be expected in residential exo- tica; all other systems will probably remain static unless storm tide washovers occur. In such a case the shallow-rooted Australian pines, and much of the black mangrove forest may be choked out. General Notations. Tbe barrier island area of Doctors Bay and the adjacent mainland shore are completely developed and all natural vegeta- tional assemblages are irrevocably destroyed. The region is one of medium to high density residences fronting on finger canals and the lagoonal remnants of the Doctors Bay system. These basins to all extents appear dead, or at least of little productive consequence. Seagrass beds are totally absent; circulation appears to be stagnating in the upper reaches of some canals. Tbe estuarine connections are subject to resi- dential pesticide-fertilizer-herbicide inputs. Tbe area, in effect, is a prime example of a carelessly developed, overpriced, high-rise, expen- sively residential development. Recommendations. Little Can be recommended inasmuch as the lower part of the system is completely developed, and the upper part is under- going large-scale construction. Although Westinghouse Properties have indicated that careful management will be their guide, the impact of large numbers of people into the Pelican Bay area and the concomitant demand for services, landscaping, sewage, automobile traffic and other environmental insults may yet severely stress the Clam Bay system. This becomes the more likely as golf course construction continues and this recreational facility requires large amounts of fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. Ranked Status is low to high density, followed by Conservation and Preservation areas in the Clam Bay System. The Land Use matrix is ranked as Provisional or Incompatible along the estuarine margins of this system. Because of intensive development along Doctors Bay, this matrix ranking is conditionally applied in order to limit future spillover of stress to the adjacent areas. Development is otherwise totally 8 compatible with the land use matrix insofar as little more harm Can be done to the drainage district. Prognosis. Guarded along Clam Bay; terminal along Doctors Bay. , - Coastal Zone III - Gordon River. The boundaries of this system extend from Mooringline Drive on the north in the city of Naples, US 41 Sand E on the east, and SR 31 on the south. out to Gordon Pass. This district encompasses the Naples Headland and Gordon Pass Coastal Units, and the City of Naples (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 6). The area is that of a small city with single and multi- family residences along the western side, and a variably developed commercial district along Tamiami Trail (US 41). The major real estate developments include Olde Naples, Aqualane Shores, Port Royal and numer- ous smaller subdivisions. Density is high throughout, although in the exclusive smaller subdivisions which consist of high-priced single family homes density is relatively low. This district encompasses some of the earliest settled and developed areas in Collier Count~ with numerous old Florida-style homes espe:~ally in the beach <' r-!", etirement impact is also seen in several large trailer parks on the ed~:ern side of the Gordon River and Haldeman Creek area. Projected growth will be restricted by available developable land and is expected to be slow for residential development and somewhat higher for commercial property. Nearly all the land is presently developed in one way or another within the limits of the estuary. Total square miles in the district is 11.77 in land and 3.0 in water with a percentage of water to land of 25.5%. The major hydrographical features are the Gordon River (and the associated Golden Gate Canal), Rock Creek, Haldeman Creek, Naples Bay, and Gordon Pass. The two creeks are small tributaries that drain in parallel lands to the west of US 41. The Golden Gate Canal connects to the infamous Golden Gate system to the interior and drains nearly 200 square miles of wetland. The largest hydrographical feature is the Gordon River-Naples Bay system, the latter being simply a wider area of the Gordon River and not truly a coastal Bay. The system is quasi-lagoonal in that the barrier island has coalesced over geological time to form a more or less perman- ent headland. Behind the headland, and from the vicinity of Gordon Pass, a series of large interconnected mangrove islands existed historically on the old barrier side, with a similar system of islands, more compactly distributed on the eastern or mainland shore. The estuary proper, prior to the connection with the Golden Gate Canal slowly drained interior waters in the vicinity of Naples and mixed these with seawater from the Gulf of Mexico that came in through the large tidal pass. The system connected to a typical back-barrier lagoonal system immediately to the south which forms the northern terminus for the next drainage district (q.v.). The system has always been relatively well drained, owing to the three main sources of freshwater input, and the large open lagoonal type bay connections throughout. However, Gordon Pass, as do other coastal barrier inlets, undoubtedly closed and reopened several times during its existence, either in response to longshore sedimentary buildup, tropical storm tide effects, or both. This may have produced long-term salinity fluctuations behind the headland which conceivably could be transmitted farther to the south. With continued freshwater drainage it seems likely 9 that the salinity gradient fluctuated to some degree with tidal cycles as well. The lower portions of Naples Bay probably experienced a wider range of salinities for longer periods than did the upper levels of the Gordon River. The system, prior to development by man, Was undoubtedly a prime and pristine estuary. First dramatic development occurred with the growth of the city and the subsequent construction of dredge and fill finger canals and peninsulas in the Aqualane Shores area along lower Gordon Drive. Concomitantly, Port Royal and several smaller subdivisions also incorporated the finger canal concept which eventually lead to a degradation of water quality within these areas, as well as a previously massive destruction of once pure mangrove strands. Further alteration took place with the stabilization of a small island in the upper reaches of the Gordon River, some channelization of the River for the Intracoastal Waterway, and with agricultural and condominium development along SR 31, as well as on lands to the interior. The Naples Bay Report (1979) was positive and dramatic in pointing out the resultant degradation of the estuary, including water quality, effects on the biota, deteriorating chemical and physical parameters, increasing eutrophication, and other factcrs that are ccrrespondent with an alterec estuarine system. In the Gordon River district, 15 vegetational ecosystems have been recognized. In the Estuarine Ecosystem, these include the mangrove and marsh systems, a limited seagrass system, and the usual non-vegetated, or exotically vegetated areas (primarily of Brazilian Holly). Mangrove forest on the barrier island, on the other hand, is almost nonexistent save for a token, degrading stand at the lower end of Gordon Drive. Limited and patchy seagrass systems are widely scattered and never luxuriant. Exotic vegetation ranges from large stands of Australian Pine, hedges and forests of Brazilian Holly, and numerous species of introduced landscaping plants, all interspersed with remnants of native vegetation that at one time characterized the area (Seagrape, Coconut Palm, Live Oak, Figs, Magnolias, etc.). Tbe Maritime Ecosystem is relatively well developed in the area of SR 31. This consists of Pine-Palmetto, or Pine--Cypress assemblages, Palmetto scrub, large areas of Brazilian Holly, smaller stands of Austra- lian Pine, and scattered clumps of immature and mature Cajeput. Several remnants of coastal dune shrub thickets are scattered along Naples beach, but the remainder of the area is primarily vegetated by non-native escaped or introduced landscaping plants. Ranked order of assemblages based on ground survey estimates are as follows: Red-black mangroves and native hardwood or monocot species as residential landscaping, residential exotica, Pine-Palmetto, Pine-scrub shrub, and Brazilian Holly-Australian Pine-Cajeput patches. The greatest change will undoubtedly occur in the Pine-Palmetto assemblage as the lands on which they are now found are cleared for future development. General Notations. The Gordon River drainage area is totally developed. River drainage will continue to be affected by Golden Gate Canal input, nutrient-biocide runoff from residential, condominium and golf Course properties, hydrocarbon pollution from vehicular traffic both terrestrial and marine, organophosphate or chlorinated hyrdrocarbon pesticide input from mosquito control activities, and point source leakage of sewage from septic tanks, and nutrient loading from treated 10 se~age at the Naples plant. There is little control possible in this area as long as the Golden Gate ~eir remains in place. The lagoonal estuary is severely restricted no~ to the lo~er portion nearest the pass. ~here water quality is relatively better than in areas closer to the city. In this same area occur the largest and apparently most healthy stands of mangroves. Based on the results of the Naples Bay Study (Simpson 1919) the Gordon River-Naples Bay system appears to be essentially stable, albeit degraded. It will probably remain as such unless freshwater input is modified, or tropical storm action alters the mouth of the Gordon Pass. Severe stress may be expected in the lower portions once the pine barrens are developed. Recommendations. There is little that can be done to alleviate the general deterioration of the system. The recommendations in the Naples Bay study are both comprehensive and explicit and if control of the situation is desired, these should be followed. They are too numerous to list here. Any development in the vicinity of SR 31 that impinges on the estuary should be most carefully monitored. Failure to do so will have a noticeable impact on the Dollar Bay-Rookery Bay system immediately to the south. Prognosis. Guarded to extremely poor; management to restore condi- tions will be prohibitively expensive; the lower Bay exhibits better viability at present. Coastal Zone IV - Water Management District No.6 This district is bounded by the junction of SR 31 and US 41 E at its northwest corner. US 41 E along its northern border, until the junction with SR 951, thence proceeds southward along SR 951 to SR 952 W, turning westerly; it extends in an imaginary line through Big Marco Pass below Coconut Island. This district includes Keewaydin Island Coastal Unit, and several large country club styled condominiums such as Lely Golf Estates, Arboresque, Windstar, as well as some extensive truck farms (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 7). It does not include (arbitrarily) Isles of Capri. The area is primarily undeveloped in the western half, and includes the Rookery Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Residential densities are low to medium, with single and multi-family low rise condominiums, mobile home village and agricultural housing. Total square mileage calculated Was 34.09 for land and 10.25 for water, giving a percentage of 30.0% water to land. Total wetland area may be substantially more than the figure for water. Major hydrograph- ical features are Dollar Bay, Rookery Bay, Henderson Creek, Johnson Bay. and the Marco Pass complex which includes Big Marco Pass at the south- eastern terminus, and Capri and Little Marco Passes just above this. This district as herein delineated encompasses only the coastal zone portion. The total district extends above SR 84 (Alligator Alley) and includes much of the City of Naples on the west as well as a large portion of marshland to the east of SR 951 (see LaRoe 1975). Originally established to include the entire freshwatershed that affected water drainage into the mangrove areas of Dollar, Rookery and Johnson Bays, it is restricted in this report to the boundaries listed above only to provide information for the estuarine portion of the watershed. It was felt that SR 951 probably functions as a longitudinal dike, splitting 1 waterflow into District No.6, and into the large Belle Meade area immediately adjacent to the east, around the vicinity of Golden Gate Estates southern platted boundaries. Major freshwater input takes place via Henderson Creek, a series of smaller and unnamed tributaries draining upland pine barrens. and via sheet flow overland all along the northern boundaries. The estuary 1s a true back barrier lagoonal formation with extensive salt marsh and mangrove strands all along its length. It is the most viable system in the western part of the county. and receives marine influence from Gordon Pass at its northern terminus and the Marco Passes complex at the south- eastern end, as well as washover and ephemeral inlet formation during tropical storms. The system shows much similarity to the Ten Thousand Island system farther to the east and was undoubtedly responding to the same influences as that area prior to the destruction and subsequent urbanization of the Marco Island area. At least 18 vegetational ecosystems occur here with the most exten- sive being the Estuarine Ecosystem saltmarshes and mangrove forests. the Barrier Island mangrove forests, and the Maritime Ecosystem coastal hardwood hammocks on the mainland and barrier islands, followed by large areas of pine barren above the estuary on the ma:r:}anc. Pu~e shrub thickets (Maritime Barrier ecosystem) are important along the seaward margins of Keewaydin and the smaller islands. Exotic introductions are limited to residential landscapeing and to scattered abundant Brazilian Holly (espeCially along drainage canals and secondary roadways, and in disturbed areas. Australian Pine is found in some number along the coastal barrier islands. and patchily inland around farmed areas. Cajeput Occurs in small clumps to large forests. again in disturbed areas. However, the latter species has also invaded pine- cypress mixed forests and may be actively supplanting these native species. Shrub thickets include palmetto, and halophytic assemblages in the saltmarsh areas. Vegetation in ranked abundance based on aerial and land surveys is mangrove forest (primarily red and black, witb white and buttonwood in lesser numbers), Pine-palmetto flats, cordgrass and rush in the marsh areas, Australian pine and Brazilian holly along roadways and disturbed grounds, and residential exotics, the latter especially in golf course plantings and around buildings. The Dollar-Rookery-Johnson Bays estuary also supports seagrasses which are seasonally abundant and appear to depend in areal extant and growth on the turbidity of the estuarine water (Thoemke, pers. comm.). The general substrata within these bays is soft mud, although parts can be almost cement-hard. Tidal channels twist and turn around mangrove islands, many of which are constructed on or immediately adjacent to oyster bars. The latter undergo periodic exposure at low tides and form a refuge for numerous invertebrate organisms. The tidal flats and grassflats that also become partially or completely exposed offer feeding grounds for a large and diverse bird fauna. Tbe grass bed-mangrove ecosystem and ecotone provides nursery areas for both finfish and shell- fish of commercial importance. as well as for invertebrate animals that support the food chain. General Notations. As presently bounded, the system is in little danger of further exploitation by man. Additional efforts are being made by several private and governmental agencies to purchase adjacent lands 12 to the north and east of Rookery Bay Sanctuary, thus ensuring a large, and biologically active buffer zone around the entire estuarine system. In his 1975 report, LaRoe listed 12 recommendations for management of the entire Water Management District No.6, and the interested reader is referred to this paper for details. However, LaRoe also provided several maps showing areas both compatible and incompatible for develop- ment. Moreover, he made recommendations as to density projections and areas of growth which, in this author's opinion, failed to completely take into account the impact such growth would have on the entire system. Any large scale growth that occurs upland (i.e., in the vicinity of, and above) US 41 will have an impact on the estuary simply because the water supply that maintains the system comes from this region. Housing or further agricultural development will remove much of the sheet flow features, as well as insert undesirable factors into the water supply. There would be a real danger for eutrophication in the upper margins of the estuarine system (i.e., along the saltmarsh- mangrove ecotone) if large-scale nutrient injection occurred without adequate freshwater flushing through and out of the estua~. As LaRoe noted in his report: It. . . Rookery Bay Sanctuary is dependent upon the existing water regime. If the quantity. quality, or =elivery sc~ed~les 0: fresh-water wtich flows into the Sanctuary from outside its boundaries is altered, the ecosystem within the Sanctuary will also be modified." Recommendations. Water, whether from marine or freshwater sources, is the most important factor in the viability and quality of the estuary and its biota. Inputs and quality of such waters in District No. 6 are extremely susceptible to change. Even if this change is of a short term, the effects on the estuary may remain for longer periods. The Rookery Bay system has a distinct advantage over most of the other estuarine areas in Collier County in that it has received much investigation on its hydrography, biota, and proposed management (e.g., Yokel 1975ab, Yokel 1975c, Clark & Sarokwash 1975, Alexander & Bosley 1975, respectively). But to quote LaRoe (1975) again: "[The] control and maintenance of the existing water regime should be the dominant concern in planning for [any] development around the Sanctuary.It This recommendation holds true for the entire DOllar-Rookery-Johnson Bays System. The ranked status at present is Preservation, Conservation, low density development in compatible areas, and Recreational usage. The land use matrix is more restrictive and most development would be Incom- patible with the present environment, although some Provisional develop- ment could take place if it was carefully monitored and met numerous environmental restrictions. If these same restrictions are not carefully administered north of US 41, the estuarine system may yet deteriorate. Prognosis. Good to very good. The region is essentially undevel- oped in the southern and southwestern portions and should stay that way; control of development presently is possible to some degree; but water management from the uplands is critical. Coastal Zone V - Belle Meade This district is bounded by the junction of SR 951 and US 41 E at its northwestern corner, progressing east along US 41 to the junction with SR 92, thence south and eventually westward along SR 92 to its 13 terminus at SR 951 on Marco Island. The upper southwestern boundary is SR 952, and includes the Isles of Capri and an imaginary line out through Big Marco Pass. Coastal Units include Marco Island, from SR 92 north, Isles of Capri, Old Marco Junction, and Marco Island airport (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 7). The main area of development is in the Marco Island complex, a large region owned and constructed by Deltona Corpora- tion. Here, densities are medium to high with single, multi-family and high-rise condominium homes, a relatively large, but really restricted commercial district, and a major dredge and fill canal and peninsular development along the inner edge of the island. Immediately north and east development drops to extremely low levels awing to the large areas of mangrove forest. Smaller populational nodes occur at Old Marco Junction (mobile homes) and Isles of Capri (single family residential). Above the mangrove areas land is developed mostly as agricultural re- gions, although there are several small condo.dnium-type units in the far northwestern corner near SR 951-US 41 junction. This district encompasses 41.92 square miles of land and 11.23 square miles of water, giving a water to land percentage of 26.8%. Actual aerial extent of wetlands may be higher. Kajor hydrographical features are Mcllhane Pay, Tc,?c~ Bay, Collier Bay, rn~~:~~ 3a:, Adc:sion 3ay, Big Harco Rive~ (actually a lagoonal pass), and Georgia Fruit Farm Creek (more a mangrove tidal channel). This district is composed of a large mangrove forest-salt marsh system that opens into large, irregularly shaped bays, channels, coves and cul-de-sacs. These waterways are an expanded version of the typical back barrier coastal lagoons found immediately to the west and north in Collier County. Marco Island, and the Cape Romano region to the south- east, are larger, probably incipient headlands that have accrued over time. The associated embayments are a consequence of mangrove- oyster bar island formation, and are reminiscent of the Ten Thousand Islands area to the east, although the small island areas are substantially less complex In both number and topography. Watershed flow appears to be channeled at least in part to the south and then the west owing to the quasi-diking effect of SR 92 and 951, respectively, and associated parallel canals that were created as a consequence of roadway construction. This compartmented flow maintains a large and viable estuarine-associated vegetative habitat on the mainland. On Marco Island the same vegetational habitat has been totally destroyed above the SR 92 boundary, and has been replaced by residential landscaping of exotics, and invading exotics into the disturbed areas on which no construction has yet occurred. At least 14 vegetative ecosystems have been recorded. Associated with the Estuarine Ecosystem on the mainland side are mangrove, marsh- grass, and seagrass assemblages, the latter patchily present. Invading exotics include Brazilian Holly along both SR 951 and SR 92, and scat- tered through the marsh and to a lesser extent in the mangroves, espe- cially in higher, drier areas. Australian pine is also patchily present. The Estuarine barrier island ecosystem (i.e., on Marco Island and Isles of Capri) is totally destroyed, although some patchy hardwoods, and mangroves can still be seen in the latter area. The Maritime Ecosystem is represented by coastal hardwood hammock (scattered along the edges of the marsh areas) and coastal pine barrens (extensively present in the upland region paralleling both state roads and US 41. Shrub thickets are present as incursional units among mangrove forest high-ground areas, 14 especially to the west of SR 92. They are sparingly present east of SR 951 but have been replaced by disturbed weedy vegetational assemblages in many places. It is possible that scrub-shrub understory may be more extensive within the pine barren regions, but the area was not surveyed owing to its heavy palmetto growth along the highways. Ranked by order of observed and estimated occurrence based on aerial and ground surveys the assemblages were mangrove forest (especially red and black), Pine-palmetto barrens. cordgrass and rush marshes. residen- tial exotica (mostly landscaping plants on Marco Island). and locally extensive growth of Brazilian Holly and Australian Pine. Interspersed in upland areas were bay forests with cypress and pine intermixed. and cabbage palm and oak dominated hammocks. The mainland portion of this district is therefore vegetatively diverse and supports good to prime examples of nearly every major coastal vegetative ecosystem. Because this area is ripe for development many of these assemblages will event- ually be decimated or destroyed, at least in the commercially valuable uplands. General Notations. The large. low or undeveloped arp~s in the southerly part of this district change, ofter: impercep'.:ibly. into scrub- shrub ecotones that in turn grade into a pine-palmetto-cypress-hardwood mixed assemblage that becomes much more dense north of US 41. The area exhibits good potential for control of watershed flow and presently is supporting a large, viable estuarine community on the mainland side. In view of the total degradation of the Marco Island shore it becomes more critical to carefully manage the landward side of the estuary. The aesthetic, recreational. and biological potential of this part of the estuary are good. Ranked status for the district is Preservation. and Conservation of selected areas. Total development should be restricted to Marco Island' proper. The ranked land use matrix is therefore Incompatible as regards to most areas, or Provisional in areas that impinge directly on estuarine water management. Compatible development is presently restricted to Marco and Isles of Capri. Recommendations. The mainland area must be viewed as an area of critical concern and development restricted accordingly. Of special importance is the presence of farming lands in the region. There may be substantial potential for eutrophication in the marshes and toxin perco- lation through the mangroves into the estuary. Water quality should be monitored on at least a monthly basis. Prognosis. Good to excellent on the mainland side. The Marco Island area is beyond further help unless prohibitively expensive revege- tation schemes are adopted. Coastal Zone VI - Picayune-Camp Keasis This district is bounded by SR 92 S on the west. US 41 E on the north, and the FakaUnion Canal at Port of the Islands on the east. An imaginary line extends the eastern boundary along the FakaUnion Canal through FakaUnion Bay. Along the southwestern boundary, only those lands on Marco Island to the east of SR 92 are included. Coastal Units included in this district are Marco Island. Kice Island. the Morgan 15 Island Group, and Cape Romano. Developmental Units consist of Marco Island southeastern portion. Goodland, and Port of the Islands (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 8). The region is primarily agricultural and ST areas to the east and north, but medium to high densities occur on Marco Island in single and multi-family residential units on the northeastern side, and in high-rise condominium development along the Gulf coast portion. A large finger canal- peninsular development is located facing Caxambas Pass. Goodland is a small fishing village with locally high density primarily in single family residential, trailer park, and vaca- tion home structures. Port of the Islands is a low density resort area. Major projected growth in developed land will be confined to Marco Island, but upland portions that are privately owned may yet be exploited. The total square mileage of land is 90.17, whereas water encompasses 41.5 square miles. This gives a percentage of water to land of 46%. Because of the extensive development of wetlands in this area, this percentage may increase seasonally or over multi-annual cycles. The major hydrographical features are a series of tidal passes and associated bays which often have tidal-tributary creeks or "rivers" e~ptying !~to the~. ?rc?~essing !~ward these include C~azba8 Pass and Bay, ~c~ert5 Bay (a bul~head€c artificially defined shoreline), Barfield Bay, Gullivan Bay (the open embayment of greatest extent), Royal Palm Bay and Royal Palm Hammock Creek, Blackwater Bay and Creek, Buttonwood Bay and Whitney River, Pumpkin Bay and River, Wood River, and FakaUnion Bay and River. Several smaller bays (in reality most are simply mangrove enclosed areas of open water) are scattered among the numerous keys. This region is the western margin for the Ten Thousand Islands, and contains the Cape Romano-Ten Thousand Islands Aquatic Preserve. Many of the larger or more permanent keys have some topographical relief, in addition to supporting a luxuriant mangrove growth, and so have been named either locally, or officially on hydrographic charts. Hundreds of others are nameless. The several creeks and rivers drain saltwater marshes in the upland. These, in turn, receive directed sheet flow through culverts in US 41 from the interior freshwater marshes and prairies associated with the Picayune Prairie, and to some limited extent by lateral flow out of the adjacent Fakahatchee Strand. The entire area undergoes extensive tidal inundation as attested by the numerous mangrove strands bordering the creeks and extending inward to form a vast mangrove swamp. This inter- grades into a well developed salt marsh that runs more or less parallel with US 41, and which gradually becomes a freshwater- influenced marsh or wet prairie. However, some mangrove growth does occur north of US 41 indicating previous salt water influences above this barrier. The northwestern corner of the district also supports a relatively large hardwood hammock and this assemblage has been incorporated into the Collier-Seminole State Park. Coastal hammock intergrades almost directly into salt marsh at the south end of the park, but continues more or less unabated along the northern side of US 41 for approximately 4-5 miles east and west before giving way to wet prairie of sawgrass, cattail, or both. Scattered cypress heads appear south of the Tamiami Trail and these gradually disappear as the mangrove forest encroaches farther inland. The entire coastal area is a vast and nearly pristine example of what this region used to look like before man arrived on the scene. 16 Although only 10 ecosystems have been recorded, four of these dominate the region and reach what may be their highest successional level of any place in the county, with the exception of the Fakahatchee district immediately to the east. These are the Estuarine Mainland marsh, mangrove systems, and the Maritime Mainland coastal hardwood hammocks and pine barrens. Seagra8s systems are present, often locally luxuriant but quite patchily distributed. Mainland shrub thickets are also scattered throughout the upper marsh areas, and consist primarily of willow and wax myrtle, although numerous other native species are also found. Where pines are scattered, Saw palaetto is abundant and forms nearly impenetrable thickets in some places. Exotics are restricted to invading species (Australian pine, Brazilian Bolly. Cajeput) With Brazil- ian Bolly (subjectively) appearing to the most widely distributed. based on ground survey. Locally dense areas of Cajeput can be seen from US 41, especially in areas where standing water occurs over long periods of time. Ranked order of abundance for the vegetational types. based on aerial and ground surveys is mangrove forest. spartina marsh, pine- cypress-oak hydric forest, cabbage palm-oak hammock. pine-palmetto :latlar.c, and ir.vacing exotics in the northern balf of the district. ~'e southeastern portion of Marco Island has been segregated from the treatment above for two reasons. First. nearly all of the land south and westward of Barfield Bay has been cleared for development and little or no native vegetation remains. Second, on a high sand ridge that forms the Pleistocene margin of Barfield Bay a vell-developed scrub-shrub assemblage of oaks, palmetto and several species of stunted native trees occurs. The coastal margin sweeping down to the tidal areas supports in places a well developed coastal hardwood hammock with numerous mature native trees and a dense associated understory. This intergrades with semi-terrestrial mangrove forest (primarily buttonwood and white mangroves) which in turn changes to black and then red mangrove as tidal influence becomes more apparent. Although appearing relatively undisturbed, the entire area has undergone alteration of one kind or another. most often for farming purposes. Thus. much of the growth on the sand ridges may be secondary, as is some Within the coastal hammocks. This complex vegetational assemblage is seen on nearby large island (e.g. Horr's Island) and is indicative of the elevated island ecosystem. Aerial photography suggests that these assemblages occur on many of the larger islands in Gullivan Bay and throughout the Ten thOusand Islands region. It was precisely this type of vegetation and high or relatively elevated topography that made many of these islands attractive to both aboriginal and later settlers. General Notations. The Picayune-Camp Keasis district is an extreme- ly critical area of the county. It is largely undeveloped with the exception of high density units on Marco Island. and a relatively high density (in relation to available land area) on Goodland. Density can thus be characterized as urban-clustered high. and rural low. Agricul- tural holdings are moderate to locally extensive but do not approach those of Belle Meade in the coastal zone. Ranked status at present is Preservation. Conservation and low density. The Marco Island density forms a locally high pocket that affects little of the estuary now. Land use matrix should be classified 17 as developmentally Incompatible, or at best Provisional under extremely careful monitoring and guidelines. Recommendations. The importance of restricting upland activities for the continued well being of such critical areas as Collier-Seminole State Park or the lower southwestern edge of the Fakahatchee Strand cannot be overemphasized, nor can control of such activities be denigrated. An develo ment to the north of US 41 must be carefull monitored; this area is irrevocably undevelopable if the health of the estuar is to be maintained. All water mana ement to the north of US 41 is mandatory. Prognosis. Excellent at present, if recommendations are implemented. Coastal Zone VII - Fakahatcbee-okaloacoochee This district is bounded on the west by Port of the Islands and the FakaUnion Canal. The northern boundary 19 US 41 E, tbe eastern boundar! SF. 29 S to Cl,okoloskee ::;:and. The :c";e:- kur::ary (1.e., in thE estuar)' proper) is restricted to the boundaries of t~e Everglades National Park Except for the towns of Carnes town at the northeastern corner, and Everglades City and Chokoloskee Island at the lower southeastern corner. the area is essentially without urban development (Coastal Management Atlas. Page 8). Habitation in the rural portions is restricted to fishing and hunting camps, and occasional squatter homesteads on some of the larger islands. The Fakahatchee State Preserve abuts along its lower eastern quadrant directly with the Everglades National Park boundaries. Consequently. little or no development has occurred in these delimited areas. The Big Cypress National Preserve is located to the northeast. No Coastal Units have been delineated. Land area comprises 83.38 square miles, water area 33.5 square miles, for a water to land percentage of 40.1%. Wetland area is undoubt- edly a large portion of the area calculated for land, but changes in areal extent both seasonally and with a multi-annual periodicity related to rainfall in the uplands and the amount of sheet flow and water reten- tion within the district. Major hydrographical features are a series of mangrove enclosed or delineated "bays" with tidal-tributary creeks at their northern end. These include Fakahatchee Bay and River, plus tbe East River, West Pass Bay and Ferguson River. including an open intraforest area named Ferguson Bay, the mouth of the Barron River, and Chokoloskee Bay. A series of smaller passes, bays and creeks make up the seaward margin of this system. The entire estuary opens onto Florida Bay at this point through these passes and creeks. Major freshwater input comes from the FakaUnion Canal which drains the uplands above US 41, and through a series of meandering, tidally influenced, small creeks that eventually come together to form larger "rivers." These are better considered tidal flow channels in one sense, but because they do conduct upland freshwater are also rightly considered as freshwater tributaries. According to Yokel (1975c) salinities in the Fakahatchee Bay system can range from about 1.7 (nearly freshwater) to over 37 ppt, an almost hypersaline condition. 18 The dominant vegetation 1s mangrove forest, backed by saltmarsh which grades into freshwater marsh. The latter may encroach south of US 41 depending on seasonal rains, and as attested by numerous dead black and white mangrove stumps in the area east of Weaver's Station. Ten vegetative ecosystems have been recorded, including the Estuarine Main- land mangrove-marsh systems just noted. Among the others are Maritime Ecosystem mainland shrub thickets. coastal hardwood hammocks, and to a lesser extent pine barrens. The ubiquitous Brazilian Holly has invaded portions of the system, especially along SR 29. Seagrasses are relative- ly more abundant (based on data in Yokel 1975c) than elsewhere and may be a consequence of the relatively more exposed nature of the estuary here. Pine-palmetto barrens are found in the northwestern sector but are not as abundant as in drainages farther to the west. Instead they appear as scattered heads, intermixed with cypress, and surrounded by sawgrass prairie to the south of the Tamiami Trail. On the northern side the extensive Fakabatchee Strand vegetation grades into cabbage palm and oak assemblages, and eventually into the hydric forest that characterizes the Fakahatchee Strand. Scattered remnants of these vegetational islands are interspersed south of tbe Trail. F~nkec in order of ab~ndance tr.e system is overwhelmingly character- ized by mangrove and saltmarsh vegetation, followed by scattered pine barren and hydric hammock islands, intermixed within a sawgrass (and occasional cattail) prairie or marsh. The numerous islands within the system of contiguous bays of the estuary are primarily mangrove, but with hardwood or xeric vegetation on the higher islands. General Notations. This is an extremely critical area of the coastal zone, even tbougb it is protected as a preserve or as a national park. It is nearly undeveloped except for rural homesteads, and some local medium density development on Chokoloskee Island and Everglades City. Development in these areas has, of course, destroyed much native vegetation, but isolated stands of hammock and coastal strand trees and shrubs can still be seen. Major environmental pressure, however, will come from poorly managed water holding north of US 41; continued mainten- ance of productivity in the estuary will depend on careful local water management. Development in present populational centers is slow, al- though single family and small motel residences are gradually giving way to time-share and large condominium housing. The major vegetational damage at present comes from swamp and glades buggy tracks and trails above the estuarine area. The region is prime hunting and deep-woods vacation ground and buggy tracks tend to remain gouged in the terrain for years after a trail has been abandoned, and to revegetate slowly if it all. Similarly, within some of the tidal channels seagrass destruction by prop cutting may be expected to increase as the area becomes more and more "discovered". Another factor is the amount of mosquito control overflites which dump unacceptably heavy loads of pesticide into the estuary. Recommendations. Careful, thoughtful management of upland water- flow, downplaying of developmental aspects, and education of the popula- tion as to the value of the estuary will continue to keep the arearviable. 19 Prognosis. Presently excellent, but region will need careful monitoring. This is reflected in the Ranked Status of Preservation, Conservation, low density population areas, and Recreational regions which make up most of the district. The Land Use Matrix should be Incompatible, or only Provisionally Compatible to any further large-scale development. Coastal Zone VIII - Turner River The boundaries extend from the junction of SR 29 and US 41 E along the Tamiami Trail to SR 839. The eastern boundary follows the Turner River Canal; there are no major roadways southward; the western boundary is SR 29. There are no Coastal Units deSignated, and the Developmental Units are Carnestown on the west and Ochopee on the east. The coastal area intrudes into the Everglades National Park and the Big Cypress National Preservation Area. This district is very lightly settled, with small homesteads, Indian villages, and some trailer clusters (Coastal management Atlas, Page 9). Total square mileage in land is 50.59. in water 5.51, giving a water to 1a=:c r€~ce~:age 0: lC.9:. Hc~ever, much 0: the regicr. is ~et:a~d se that total standing water area may vary widely from season to season. The distinction between freshwater and estuarine water areas will be blurred and will fluctuate with tidal, fluviatile and precipitational factors. Tbe Turner River coastal zone is primarily a sawgrass prairie with interspersed cypress-cabbage palm heads, oak and other hardwood hydric forests, a large saltmarsh zone grading into an extensive mangrove forest, tidal-tributary and offshore island complex. Chief hydrograph- ical features are the headwater area of the Barron River which drain upland marshes, Lake Placid (a small mangrove enclosed embayment), Halfway Creek, and Turner River and its attached canal. Six major coastal vegetational ecosystems have been delineated: Estuarine mainland marsh, mangrove, and associated seagrass communities, and the Maritime mainland coastal hardwood hammock, coastal pine barrens and scrub-shrub thickets. Presumably the larger islands in the estuary would support similar vegetation to that seen in the Fakahatchee district and throughout the Ten Thousand Islands area. General Notations. The least populated of all the coastal zone districts, this region is a large, predominantly estuarine and associated freshwater system supporting a lush and extensive vegetation. The adjacent Everglades National Park and the Big Cypress Preserve to the north substantially lessen environmental impact here. The chief problems would come from point-source septic tank pollution (prObably presently too low to be of any consequence), agricultural and cattle farm runoff, and through mechanical damage to vegetation and soils in the area by glades buggies and off-road vehicles. The area is extensively used for hunting and weekend vacations. During dry spells the chance of wildfires (or deliberate arson) increases. Although the main part of the estuary is far removed from the upper part of the coastal area, tidal influences undoubtedly extend over tbe Tamiami Trail, as evidenced by red mangrove growth in the parallel roacside canal. The entire system is essentially a fresh to brackish water marsh that intergrades into a large mangrove ecosystem. 20 Recommendations. Based on general survey impressions the region is mostly recreationally used, with agriculture and single family residen- tial aspects. Careful management of water flow in the Turner River canal would aid in maintaining the present desirable characteristics of the lower estuary. Prognosis. Based on low populatioD. low expected growth, large protected areas, and minimal human impact, the prognosis is excellent. This will only remain true if ranked status does not change from primar- ily Preservational-Conservational-Recreational, and very low population- al density. Land Use Matrix should be designated Incompatible to nearly all development. or Provisional to very low populational developmental increases. 21 SECTION 4 COASTAL BARRIER UNITS Coastal Barrier 1. - Barefoot Beach Shoreline Change. The most northern barrier unit in Collier County, Barefoot Beach, has experienced long-term accretion since 1885. Near the County line, the shoreline has accreted as much as 350 feet since 1885 with only minor short-term erosional trends. Erosion that occurred in the central sector of Barefoot Beach after 1927 (40 feet) was related to the northward migration and closure of Little Hickory Pass. Low eleva- tions at the site of former Little Hickory Pass and deep existing chan- nels on the bayside suggest that there is a strong possibility that this tidal channel may reopen in the near future. Cyclic periods of erosion interspersed by accretion were the trend in the south sector, adjacent to Wiggins Pass. A single comparative profile from the north sector of Barefoot Beach showed that the recession in the intertidal Zone of the beach was c::eg::'igible d'.lring tte ra,s~ ':.en years (?:.g. :'" Abcve 3.5 fee: M.S.L. the ,egetated coastal ridge receded ap?roximately 20 feet. Some of that sand was deposited landward in washovers which are visable in the profile. Field observations showed that the recession of tbe backshore took place during the "no name" storm of June, 1982. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for the Barefoot Beach unit is excerpted from Flood Insurance Stud: Wave Hei ht Anal sis --Collier Count , Florida, Uninco orated Areas (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From the northern county limits to approximately 1 mile north of Wiggins Pass, waves with heights of up to 10 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline at the Gulf of Mexico. These waves will be rapidly diminished to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast. In the extreme northern part of the beach waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue inland until they are quickly diminished to less than 3 feet by bulkheads, bUildings, and rising ground elevation at the eastern shore of northern Little Hickory Bay. Moving inland, waves with heights of up to 4 feet will be regenerated across the central and southern areas of Little Hickory Bay and other similar inland water bodies where sufficient fetch exists. The waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by bulkheads, buildings and rising ground elevation in the developed areas east of northern Little Hickory Bay and by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation along the other shoreline areas. Tbe bulkheads are expected to remain intact during the 100-year storm surge. Maximum wave crest elevations are 20 feet at the open coast shoreline, 16 feet at Little Hickory Bay. and 15 feet at other inland water bodies. Wave action continues inland for approximately 1 mile with tidal surge elevations of 13 and 14 feet continuing to the county limits. 22 A. Barefoot Beach MHW-.';:'; .;/ /:?' .;;:'/ '- ...-- 200 100 B. Vanderbilt Beach 10 C. .--.- ,,/---7.- 5 -'~ MHW7' .....- --- . T-25 .' .' MHW-,...'." " ,..-,#' /' , -- .- MSL 300 200 100 D. Park Shore ~ ...~~~ 5 MHW-::::::~ .-" R-51 MSL 100 o E. Naples MHW/ ........ .,' =.:;;--- -- 200 100 F. Naples '...... MHW- .--- - -- - .-- -' R-84 200 100 o Figure 1. 10 _--.-.- 5 R-04 MSL 10 o -----... 5 MSL ~ ~ ; Miles ,----.. o 1 2 3 .. 5 Comparative topographic profiles, north Collier County: 19 7 3 to 19 8 2 . 2 3 T-26 o 10 10 ---- 5 R-70 MSl o 10 --- 5 MSL KEY Beach Profi les ~----3 1973 l 3 1982 Beach, Dune and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Barefoot Beach coastal barrier unit is approximately 3 miles in length. Of this stretch of coast 10% of the Dune/Washover Zone is Native Coastal Strar.d, domin- ated by native grasses and shrubs; 51% in Invaded Coastal Strand with Casuarlna in various stages of community invasion and dominance; 14% is Exotic Forest, with Casuarina in nearly monotypic condition; and 25% is Ornamental Landscape, typically sod and ornamental plants. In the Barefoot Beach coastal barrier unit the average width of the beach and dune zone is 360 feet, and the average setback of land development activities from the mean high water is 90 feet. This translates to an average reduction of 68% of the beach and dune zone width as a result of development. 24 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS A~y Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: Lely Barefoot Beach 1 Barefoot Beach Coastal Zone I - Cocohatchee River Bonita Springs, 4636 IV SE 12 - 14 None I, 2 R-l, R-4 R-l: DNR monument R-Ol located just south of Lee County line at landward edge of foredune Australian Pines. Photo station located 100 ft. seaward of DNR monumen t . R-4: DNR monument R-04 located just north of the seaward end of the 9th St. South from the Lely Barefoot Beach guard house. Photo station located 160 ft. seaward of monument. T-Ol Benchmark Elev: R-l=4.27 T-02 R-2=N/A R-03 R-3=6.4 R-04 R-4=3.88 R-OS R-5=3.79 1, 2 FEET 4,220 580 1.520 from north line 25 LAND O~~ERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 600 14 Private/Developed: 225 5 Private/Undeveloped: 3,395 81 Comments: Public land is undeveloped County Beach Access Park with no facilities. Private land is Lely Barefoot Beach PUD. LAND USE (Based on 1984 REDI Maps) FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 225 Multi-Family: o 5 (Zoned for single-family, but only 4 houses built so far) o Hetel/Mete:: c c Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 3,995 95 Comments: DEVELOPED; currently expanding with small lot single-family residences. Phase 1 of Lely barefoot Beach PUD implemented, ostensibly as single family residential. State setback line approximately 150 feet from MEW and less than 100 feet from the vegetation line. County parking area and access to beach at north end. Conversations with Lely manager in 1984 indicated that different type of develop- ment will be implemented, inasmuch as the shared-park townhouse concept produced no sales. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based in 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 100% potential due to granted variance along entire length. Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 75 Comments: Maximum potential intrusion based on variance approved at time of PUD review. 26 SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized' Shoreline 4,220 100 Other 's t ruc tu res: None CO!l:Illents: Interest has been e:qressec 10 CCTC'Jctir:g a c':.:n-2 restoration/enhancement project at some future date seawall at the variance line. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: S.R. 865 (Bonita Beach Road) Number of Access Points: 1 Location: N 600 feet Parking: Yes (Lee County) Recreational Value: Good to Excellent. Persistent berm present; easy access from Lee County Parking lot. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Multiple Beach Ridge Barrier, with highest ridges at beach/chine intersection. Characteristics: Beach ridges up to 7 feet high; barrier ridge of moderate width, about 500 feet, backed by dredged channels and distrubed mangrove swamps. Coastal strand and hammock cleared during 1960-1970 with only limited regrowth occurring, represented by 20-40 foot strip of vegetation. 27 Dune/\o.'ashover Width (ft) Beach Width (ft.): Transect No: 110 141 220 250 1 2 Dune Characteristics: A young highly disturbed coastal strand. Disturbed by construction and Australian Pine invasion. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Vegetation greatly affected by development activities. Northern 600 ft. heaVily invaded by Australian Pines. Back barrier upland and backdune areas nearly obliterated except for retained clumps of Cabbage Palms. Only narrow foredune band remains unaltered. C~ltu~a}/Eis::~ic: S2E c.L.l':urec 'hlstcr.:: s:":==,c.=:~. Fish and Wildlife: Moderately active sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: Barrier upland has low natural resource value; however beach, foredune, and wet- lands/bay system still have medium value. Threats: Future development plans. Comments: Additional fish and wildlife data to be included in when available. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CillL~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 1 2 1885-1927: +4.8 +2.9 1927-1952: +3.8 +3.8 1952-1962: -0.4 -3.0 1962-1973: -1.4 -5.2 1973-1981: +4.2 +2.5 Mean Rate: +2.2 +1/3 28 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd!) (1885-1970) Army Corps Prof He No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : to- -15 Ft. -20 Ft.: to Net Change: Migrational History: ~~gr2~ional P~tE: None N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Accretional early in the century, but with extensive erosion during the 1960's, becoming more stable during the 1970's. +:.3 tc + 4,4 ftiyr Predicted Migrational Future: More or less stable, changing from -1.0 to +1.0 ft/yr. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 1 2 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 13.0 13.0 Location: Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 20.0 20.0 1 Collier County/Lee County - From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 1,500 feet south of County Highway 865, eastward across Little Hickory Bay to a point approixmately 1,000 feet north of the intersection of County Highway 865 and County Highway 901. 2 Collier County/Lee County - From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 3,700 feet south of County Highway 865, eastward across Little Hickory Bay to a point approximately 4,000 feet east of the intersection of County Highway 865 and County Highway 901. 29 Hazard Potential: MANAGEMENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/l MODERATE TO HIGH. Relatively low density development would lower hazard potential. A wide setback exists and the shoreline has a more or less stable history. Future structures should be elevated on pilings; the use of fill is not recommended and should be prohibited. An integrated dune protection zone should be established, with centralized crosswalks constructed for sharing beach access by property owners. The existing dune protection zone should be widened to 100 feet, and all Casuarina should be removed. All efforts should be made to protect the remaining coastal hammock. The coastal strand vegetation was nearly all clearec during the late lS-C1E ~.~~ E ~eEb:_E a:t~~rt a: rE~:art~~g ~s:~g coconut ra1=s has been mace. The recreational value as well as storm protection is expected to continue to decline in this area. 30 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DArA STATIOr.;S Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LAND OWNERSHIP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Comments: Little Hickory Haulover 2 Barefoot Beach Coastal Zone I - Cocohatchee River Bonita Springs, 4636 IV SE 14 - 15 None 3 None NA R-06 R-07 R-08 Benchmark Elev: 4.44 3.45 N/A 3 FEET 4110 600 3000 feet from north end of segment FEE! PERCENT o o o o 4110 100 Lely Barefoot Beach P.U.D., Phase II. 31 LA....D USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 4110 100 Comments: UNDEVELOPED, UNPROTECTED. Slated for residential develop- ment during the 1980's. A conceptual PUD was approved by the County, and Variance 74-75-V-40 moved the Coastal Construction Control Line 50 ft seaward, so that the CCCL now averages about 150 ft. Development will be single family, residential. ccc: ~~~ :~VELO?~~\~ SETBACK 3~se: or: 1979 )KR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: o % Development Seaward CCCL: None at present Maximum Intrusion (ft.): None at present Comments: Width of approved variance will dictate future intrusion. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEEl PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline: 4,110 100 Other Structures: None 32 PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: S.R. 865 Number of Access Points: No direct access Location: N/A Parking: Yes, at Lee County public lot. Recreational Value: Fair to good. A narrow but persistent berm exists, but access is liaited. and only by foot from the north or by boat. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Multiple Beach Ridge Barrier Characteristics: This segment was the site of a former tidal pass open during the 1950's. but which closed about 1960. General elevatic~s a~e low, fro~ 1-7 f:. Dune/Washover Width (ft) Beach Width (ft.): Transect No: 99 245 3 Dune Characteristics: An extremely dense Casuarina forest is present, a result of invasion by the species after the closing of the tidal pass. No clearing impact at present. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation Casuarina dominates the dune zone but there is no developmental alteration to date. Backbarrier is typical scrub and palm hammocks undisturbed except for sandtrails. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Moderately active sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: Area has medium to high resource potential. Chief problem is the dense Casuarina stands. Threats: Alteration to occur in approved Phrase II PUD Comments: Additional wildlife data to be added when available. 33 HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE Cf~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 3 1885-1927: NA 1927-1952: NA 1952-1962: -1.0 1962-1973: -1.0 1973-1981 : -1.3 Mean Rate: -1.2 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885 - 1970) Ar:i\" Cc:-::s Pre-filE '-;-, . . ....... +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: s: :-;e NA NA NA NA NA Accretion in early part of century followed by extensive erosion during 1960-1979, becoming relatively stable again in the 1970's. Continued erosion occurring in this and following segment #3 (Lely Barefoot Beach, q.v.) is related to the closing of the tidal pass in this segment during the late 1950's. -1.2 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Stable to slowly receding, varying from -0.1 to -2.5 ft/year. 34 STOf'~"1 HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 3 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 13.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): Location: Hazard Potential: MANAGEMENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/2 20 Collier County/Lee County - From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 7,500 feet south of County Highway 865, east- ward to U.S. Highway 41, approximately 4,000 feet south of the intersection of U.S. Highway 41 and County Highway 865 in Lee County. EXTREMELY HIGH: The low beach elevations allow great ~0te~:ial fer storm btea~hi~g 8f the beac~ and sut5eq~e~t refcrmation of an eFhemeral inlet. Construction will occur in the central portion of an active coastal ridge zone on foundations and fill, with subsequent destruction and clearing of coastal vegetation. Dune restoration is needed, with an extension of the preserved area from the present 20-30 ft to a more realistic 60-80 ft. As in the previous segment, future constructions should be limited to piling-based houses. Extensive Australian pine removal is recommended. Other recommendations as in segment 11 (q.v.). 35 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Barefoot Beach Number: 3 Coastal Barrier Unit: Barefoot Beach Coastal Management Unit: Coastal Zone I - Cocohatchee River USGS Topo Quad: Bonita Springs, 4636 IV SE Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 15 - 16 ")..1.:-..1. S-:ATICiNS Army Corps Profiles No: None County BERM Transects No: 4, 5 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: R-09 R-lO R-ll R-12 Benchmark Elev: 9.00 8.71 8.06 7.89 FEMA Transects No: None LENGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 3930 Minimum Width: 345 Minimum Width Location: 730 from north end of segment LAND OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 3930 100 Comments: Lely Barefoot Beach PUD, Phrase II. 36 I..M1) USE FEET P ERC ENT Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 3,930 100 Comments: UNDEVELOPED, UNPROTECTED. Slated for development under conceptual PUD as Phase II of Lely Barefoot Beach. County variance as in previous segment. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Se~€nt ./0 (eel: o % Development Seaward CCCL: None at present Maximum Intrusion (ft.): None at present Comments: County variance moved required setback 50 feet seaward so that construction distance will average about 150 feet from MHW. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEEl' PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shore line 3,930 100 Other Structures: None L 37 PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By boat only Number of Access Points: None Location: N/A Parking: No Recreational Value: Fair to good. A narrow but persistent berm is offset in value by limited access. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Multiple Beach Ridge Barrier Characteristics: Barrier ridge of variable width. from 100-400 feet, wider toward southern end. A high (8-10 ft) central ridge system with low, recurved ricges and wide s.ales in the seaward sec~cr, The re:a:ively well developed coastal s~rar.d has been invaded by Australian pines. Beach Width (ft.): 94 109 Dune/Wasbover Width (it) 125 165 Transect No: 4 5 Dune Characteristics: A well developed coastal strand present with patchy distribution of Casuarina. The large fluctuations of the unvegetated beach are in response to tidal delta dynamics at Wiggins Pass to the south. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Native coastal barrier vegetation undisturbed except for scattered Casuarina. Well developed foredune and back barrier palm hammock. Cultural/Historic See cultural/historic summary Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: Very high; one of the few remaining undisturbed (either by human or exotic plant impact) coastal barriers in County Threats; Future development alteration pursuant to Lely Barefoot Beach PUD. Comments: Additional wildlife data to be added when available. 38 HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 4 1885-1927: N/A 1927-1952: N/A 1952-1962: -3.4 1962-1973: +0.3 1973-1981 : -2.2 Mean Rate: -1.8 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) .;.my Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 5 -1.5 +9.6 -6.9 -3.0 -1.3 -0.6 (1885 - 1970) None N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Accretional early in the century, erosional during 1950-1970's as consequence of closing of tidal pass. Other factors as in previous two segments (q.v.). -1.1 to -3.0/4.0 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Essentially stable with slow recession. Probably less than 4.0 feet/year. 39 STORM HAZARDS FEHA Evaluation Transect No: N/A Stillwater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): N/A Location: N/A Hazard Potential: HIGH. This is a narrow barrier beach with a past history of erosion. Per- sistent erosion of the narrow ridge in conjunction with high density residential zoning could result in positioning of structures too close to the active beach. Storm surge or tides could produce extensive damage. ~....~\ /"- ~:. ~=::-;-: Recommendations: See Segments 1 & 2. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/3 40 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Barefoot Beach State Preserve Number: 4 Coastal Barrier Unit: Barefoot Beach Coastal Management Unit: Coastal Zone - Cocohatchee River USGS Topo Quad: Bonita Springs, 4636 IV SE Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 16 - 17 DATA STATIONS Army Corps Pro:iles ~c; County BERM Transects No: 6, 7 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: R-13 R-14 R-15 R-16 Benchmark Elev: 9.44 9.81 10.06 9.51 FEMA Transects No: 4 LENGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 4020 Minimum Width: 520 Minimum Width Location: 740 feet from north line of segment. LAND OWNERSHIP FEET P ERC ENT Public: 4020 100 Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: o o Comments: State Preserve managed by D.N.R. 4l L;.~\D USE FED PERCE:-;T Single-Family: o o Mul t i-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 4020 100 Comments: PROTECTED STATE PRESERVE. This site was purchased by the state using EEL funds in 1977-78 and is managed as a preserve without facilities. Access is only by water. CCCL AND DEVELOPME~T SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) :. E ~_~~..t .......' c % Development Seaward CCeL: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: CCCL setback ranges from 120-320 feet from MHW. SEORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERC8'T w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-S tabilized Shoreline 4,020 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No alteration at shoreline envisioned under preserve designation. 42 PuEL!C BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By water only Number of Access Points: None Location: N/A Parking: No Recreational Value: Good to excellent. Restricted access by boat. coupled with outstanding wildlife resources produce high recreational values. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Multiple Beach Ridge Barrier Characteristics: A wide (greater than 1000 feet) multiple rid~e barrier system, having a high (3-10 fee:, c e ~ t :.- a ~ :- i ,;i g e, .... i :: :-.. 1 =-10. :- e cur'; e ~ r:.::: g e 3 and 6 mangrove swamp adjacent [0 the pass. Seaward zone with wide swales. The system supports a high quality coastal hammock and coastal strand. Dune/Washover Width (ft) Beach Width (ft.): Transect No: 91 141 180 185 6 7 Dune Characteristics: A well developed coastal strand system interspersed with patchy invasions of Casuarina. The active unvegetated beach undergoes large fluctuations in response to tidal delta dynamics at Wiggins Pass. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Native coastal barrier vegetations largely undisturbed except for scattered Casuarina in the north and central beach segment and small stand to the south. Extensive Cabbage Palm hammock Covers much of the back barrier zone. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting occurs here in the summer. 43 Resource Values: Very high. Almost completely undisturbed coastal barrier under public protection. Excellent example of SW Florida coastal barrier. Threats: Threats to resource value would be the expansion of the Casuarina stands, human impact if the area is converted to re- creational use, and potential erosion adjacent to Wiggins Pass. Comments: DNR should undertake a program to remove the Casuarina before they invade any additional areas. HISTORICAL ~~ALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) ::-2:'-02:: ~c: " 1885-1927 : -1.08 -6.30 1927-1952: +6.90 -6.30 1952-1962: -10.00 -19.10 1962-1973: - 3.00 +25.20 1973-1981 : +12.20 -17.00 Mean Rate: + 1.10 +4.60 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885 - 1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -44.4 -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: +227 . 5 -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: +144.3 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: 0.0 Net Change: +327.4 Migrational History: Massive erosion early in the century, followed by accretion during 1960-1970's. but with large fluctuations of decreasing magnitude progressing north to south since 1950's. 44 Migrational Rate: +1.0 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Accretional with massive fluctuations; from +1.0 to 27.0 feet year. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 4 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline. approximately 3.200 feet north of Wiggins Pass, eastward to US Highway 41, 3~?:cx~~ate:_~ -l~C~ ~eet =crth ~f ~~€ i~ter5ectic~ or c.S. Highway 41 and County Highway 887. Hazard Potential: MODERATE TO HIGH. The wide ridge system and dense natural vegetation coupled with the protective ebb tidal delta ensure relative stability of the highest coastal ridges. ZOi.ANAGEMENT Recommendations: Maintain the area as a true Preserve. without changing status. in order to protect the minimally disturbed habitats found here. Restrict access to boats only, allow native vegetation to continue growth. Desire for more beach areas for active recreation could threaten the ecology of this preserve. Casuarina should be removed. No dredging of Wiggins Pass without first assessing potential effects on nearby beaches. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/4 4S Coastal Barrier 2. - Vanderbilt Beach Shoreline Change. Compared to adjacent areas, the Vanderbilt Beach Coastal Barrier Unit has experienced significant erosion (up to 200 feet in its coastal sector) since 1885. Land clearing and isolated seawall construction in the one mile long Vanderbilt Beach subdivision caused an acceleration of erosion after 1950. Recession of the mean high water line and vegetation line occurred be~een 1952 and 1962 at about ~ice the rate of that in adjacent, undisturbed areas. There has been a general trend of shoreline recession in the entire Vanderbilt Beach unit since 1962. Comparative profiles (profile numbers T-25, T-26, see (Fig. 1) from the Vanderbilt Beach subdivision indicated that during the past 10 years erosion occurred throughout the entire beach cross-section. Average horizontal recession in the foreshore and backshore zones was 25 feet. Field observations during 1982 indicated that most of the recession, to a large degree, was the result of increased wave power and turbulence in the vicinity of isolated seawalls located along the shore front of the subdivision. Storm wave underc~ttin~ i~c~eased the stee?~ess o~ the ': a 2;';'" '". C '" e s: c;: e, :.:. 5- ... € ::. ::::::; ~~. € : ~ :: ;(~.: c:- :~. i: " e " : i c &. ::. ,; C 2l""? 5 . :- ~ € ~ :-.:,rr:::.~r;: ricge a:-.::: ::unr,e: tJpograp:::; p:-eser,( in profile T-26 is indic- ative of the post-storm recovery of the beach. Immediately following the passage of the storm in JULe, 1982, the ridge began migrating landward. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for the Vanderbilt Beach unit is excerpted from Flood Insurance Stud: Wave Hei ht Anal sis---Gollier Count , Florida, Unincor orated Areas. (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From approximately 1 mile north of Wiggins Pass to the Naples northern corporate limits, waves with heights of up to 9 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. These waves will be rapidly diminished to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and buildings in developed areas and by rising ground elevation and vegetation in undevel- oped areas along the open coast. At Inner and Outer Clam Bays, waves with heights greater than will continue inland until they are reduced to less than 3 feet by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation along the northern and eastern shorelines and by bulkheads at the southern end of Outer Clam Bay. The bulkheads are expected to remain intact during the 100 year storm surge. Moving inland, waves with heights up to 3 feet are expected to regenerate across inland water bodies where sufficient fetch exists. The waves will quickly be reduced to less than 3 feet by dense vegetation and rising ground eleva- t ion. Wave heights of 2 feet can be expected on smaller water bodies such as Turkey Lake, where sufficient fetch exists. Bulkheads) buildings) and rising ground elevations at the eastern shorelines will rapidly diminish these waves in devel- oped areas. In undeveloped areas, these waves will be quickly diminished by dense vegetation along with rising ground eleva- tion. Maximum wave crest elevations are 19 feet at the open coast shoreline, 15 feet at Outer Clam Bay, end 14 feet at 46 Inner Clam Bay and other similar water bodies. Wave action continues inland for approximately 0.75 mile for most of the reach. Tidal surge elevations of 11 to 13 feet continue inland for approximately 1 mile in the southern part of the reach. Beach, Dune, and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Vanderbilt Beach coastal barrier unit is approximately 4.6 miles in length. Of this stretch of coast, 11% of the dune/washover zone is Native Coastal Strand, dominated by native grasses and shrubs; 55% is Invaded Coastal Strand with Casuarina in various stages of community invasion and dominance; 6% is Exotic Forest, with Casuarina in near monotypic condition; and 28% is Ornamental Landscape, typically sod and ornamental plants. In the Vanderbilt Beach coastal barrier unit the average width of the beach and dune zone is 202 feet, and the average setback of land development activities from the mean high water line is 40 feet. This translates to an average reduction of 80% of the beach and dune Zone width as a result of development. 47 BEACH SEGME~T DATA ShEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Ar=y :orps ::c:~.e5 Xc: County BEfu~ Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LAND Ow'NERSHIP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Wiggins Beach 5 Vanderbilt Beach Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Bonita Springs, 4636 IV SE 17 - 18 8, 9 CCBE-2 1970 Army Corps monument located north at last parking lot on path to beach between picnic tables and adjacent to grill. Photo station 100 ft. seaward of monument. R-17 R-18 R-19 Benchmark Elev: 7.10 9.10 N/A None FEET 1800 520 Approximate center of northern most parking lot. FEET PERCENT 1800 100 o o o o Comments: Delnor-Wiggins State Recreation Area. 48 LA.\D USE FEET PERCE~T Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 1800 100 Comments: PROTECTED. Area acquired in 1965 by County and developed as Delnor-Wiggins State Recreation Area. Park area was developed in the mid 1970's and approximatley 1/3 of the upland area was cleared and paved with an access road and 5 parking lots. C~~. :.... ,~ ~ c.~~\;D DE".-E:'C'F~~~T 5ET::/~I:K (B:=.sec: ':n 1C~C :~;?, ~~. ~ : as) % Segment wlo eeeL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 29 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 35 Comments: Facilities setback ranges from 130-200 feet. Intrusion seaward of CCCL is by roads and parking lots. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 1 , 800 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No shoreline stabilization anticipated due to current park status. 49 prBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Sr 846 & US 41 Number of Access Points: Numerous. within park Location: Along entire segment Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Excellent. A wide. flat beach with relatively good persistent berm. and easy on-off access. Good fishing. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Inlet Influenced Barrier Beach Characteristics: Narrow (100-200 feet) very low (3-7 feet) recurved beach ridges backed by wide mangrove swamps. Coastal harr.ncck mostly cleare~ duri~6 - - --. ~ .. .~ ( ~~ :. e :' C :- =' _ ': e ..~. 0:: ~ -:-:.:-. -:: -: -.... r :- - . , Beach Width (ft.): 209 125 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 235 135 Transect No: 8 9 Dune Characteristics: Unvegetated active beach undergoes large fluctuations in response to tidal delta dynamics at Wiggins Pass. Native coastal strand replaced in large part by Casuarina invasion. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Casuarina invasion in mid 1960's altered much of native coastal strand. Road and parking lot construction for park removed additional upland vegetation. Park now in process of Casuarina removal in an attempt to restore dune. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal artifacts as well as European shipwreck and campsite artifacts have been found in the vicinity of Wiggins Pass. See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: Medium to high. Threats: Visitor use impact. Steps being taken (e. g. fences, boardwalks) to control this. Comments: ~ecessary efforts being made by Park personnel to maximize remaining resource value while minimizing visitor impact. 50 HISTORICAL fu~ALYSES OF SHORELINE C~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 8 1885-1927: +3.0 1927-1952: +9.8 1952-1962: 0.0 1962-1973: -8.4 1973-1981: -4.2 Mean Rate: 0.0 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Ar:ty COr"-r 5 F r;:!l i J..€ ~i".:,: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 9 -2.9 +7.8 -0.4 -10.2 +2.5 -0.6 (1885 - 1970) J +173.2 +281.9 +338.5 + 1 38 . 7 923.3 Accretional in early part of the century, continuing until the 1940's to 1950's. Changing to massive erosional trends during 1960-1970's. Fluctuations less massive in southerly portion. -0.3 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional; massive fluctuation from +15 to -15 feet/year. 51 STOP.'" HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: None Still~ater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): N/A Location: N/A Hazard Potential: MODERATE TO HIGH. Narro~ beach ridge could be breached by tropical storm. But ~ide ridge system and dense vegetation in conjunction ~ith a protec- tive ebb-tidal delta might ensure relative stability of the highest coastal ridges. ~....J_\_.:. - ::.....~.~: Recommendations: Dune preservation and reconstruction needed owing to intensive foot traffic across ridge. Coastal strand vegetation in decline owing to foot traffic and Casuarina invasion. Selective removal of Australian pines required. BEACH SEG~~NT DATA FORM/5 S2 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Del Nor-Wiggins State Park 6 Vanderbilt Beach Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Bonita Beach 4636 IV SE 18 - 19 County BERM Transects No: ..-\~-=-y C.:'=-?s ?:'cf-:les So: -4 County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LA.'1D Olol'NERSH IP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: 10 CCBE-3 DNR monument 12-21 located south of service road by southernmost parking lot. Monument located in front of Casuarina tree. Photo station 50 ft seaward of monument. R-19 R-20 R-21 R-22 Benchmark Elev: 6.70 7.53 7.31 10.51 5 FEET 4210 770 Just south of boat ramp road. FEET PERCENT 4210 100 0 0 0 0 Comments: Delnor Wiggins State Park 53 LA}\D USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Mu It i-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 4210 100 Comments: State Park, protected, open land except for parking lots and bath houses CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) ~ Segrrent w!o CCC~: (\ : Le\'e~Op~eGt Sea~ard C~CL: B; ~aximum Intrusion (ft.): 100 Comments: Setback ranges from 80-170 feet behind active beach. Intrusion is by roads, parking lots, and bath houses. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Sea'Walls FEET PERCENT 'W/o Riprap: o o 'WI Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 4210 100 Other Structures: None Corements: No shoreline stabilization anticipated. 54 PUBLIC BL\CH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: US 41 & SR 846 Number of Access Points: Unlimited Location: via Park entrance Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Excellent; a persistent berm and safe, easy access. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Inlet Influenced Barrier Beach Characteristics: Low, recurved barrier ridge system. A single beach ridge with washover fan, of moderate elevation (6-8 feet). Vegetation primarily of dune grasses, Austra:ian pi!:€s 3,.~ :r3~~~r:',;es. Beach Width (ft.): 93 Dune;;.ashover Width (it) 100 Transect No: 10 Dune Characteristics: Native coastal strand replaced by Casuarina forest in places. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Casuarina invasion in mid 1960's altered much of native coastal strand. Road and parking lot construction for park removed additional upland vegetation. Park now in process of Casuarina removal in an attempt to restore dune. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: Medium to high. Threats: Visitor use impact. Steps being taken (e.g. fences, boardwalks) to control this. Comments: Necessary efforts being made by Park personnel to maximize remaining resource value while minimizing visitor impact. 55 HISTORICAL ANALYS[S OF SHORELISE CEP~C~ Erosion R~te MeasureDents (ft./yr.) Transect No: 10 1885-1927: -3.1 1927-1952: +2.4 1952-1962: -1.0 1962-1973: -3. 1 1973-1981 : +4.3 Hean Rate: -0.1 ~earshore Volu~etric Cha~ges (~d3\ ~\ .:-:-,~: - .... . ;.... .:' :-;:- S r:- ;::- :. -"-- E: \0 : +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: -4.1 -21.1 +278.7 +176.5 +393.0 Pri~arily erosional in the early part of the century. Increasing stability after 1956. Other characteristics as in segr::ent US. -0.1 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Stable, recessional, with slow recession of -1 to -3 feet/year. 56 ST0R."1 HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 5 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline. approximately 2,000 feet south of Wiggins Pass. eastward across Cocohatchee River to a point approximately 3 miles east-northeast of the intersection of U.S. Highway 41 and County Highway 887. Hazard Potential: MODERATE TO HIGH. As in segment #5. the relatively wide ridge system with natural veget2ti:~ a-d a protectl~e ~tt-ti~2: ~e:ta _~_~ f~ovic~ s~~e stab~~ity tc ~~ghest ccastal ridges, but the narrow beach ridge could be easily breached during a tropical storm. MA.l\ AG mENT Recommendations: Dune preservation and reconstruction needed. Intensive foot traffic continues to impose stress on remaining coastal strand vegetation. Selected Casuarina removal needed; careful restrictions to minimize impact on several specimen seagrapes (Cocolobo) also needed. Land runoff from condominium complex behind mangrove swamp may produce eutrophication, and should be carefully monitored. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/6 57 BEACH SEGME~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: Vanderbilt Beach 7 Vanderbilt Beach Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Bonita Beach 4636 IV SE 19 - 21 NOTE: Vanderbilt Be'l.cl; Seg'1lent ~a;: C!Lt 0~ cate a:-.-:: c:es Ect - ~. . - " ~. . ... - - :- ~ 7' - 2 :: :: :::., 2 :-.-?~. '.~' '""' - - - ---- ~--:. - ~. _::: ~ : 'j : __: :: r_ E: 'C e 3: '~: ~ _ '''1 , ':' 4 DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Trar.sects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects ~o: 5 11, 12 T-25, T-26, R-29 T-25: DNR monument T-25 located on the seaward side of Gulf Shore Boulevard just south of the intersection with Seabreeze Avenue. Profile begins 170 ft. seaward of monument. Photo station is located 50 ft. seaward of rust spray paint mark at end of sidewalk just to the north. T-26: DNR monument T-26 destroyed. Corner of sidewalk in front of first house to north used as reference point. Photo station located 60 ft. seaward of sidewalk. R-29: DNR monument R-29 located north of cement posts at the west end of Vanderbilt Beach Road. Photo station located 70 ft. seaward. R-23 T-24 T-25 T-26 R-27 R-28 R-29 Benchmark Elev: 6.76 N/A N/A N/A 4.92 N/A 9.40 F LE~CTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 7040 Minimum Width: 400 Minimum Width Location: In the vicinity of the residential canals by Seabreeze Avenue. LAND OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: 7040 100 Private/Undeveloped: o o Comments: Except for a fe~ unbuilt lots the ma:ority of Va~cer~ilt 3eac~ i~ L9S4 i5 ie~-e:0pe~ _. ~c ~~i\'ate la~ds. LAND USE (Based on 1984 REDI Maps) FEET PERCENT Single-Family: Multi-Family: Hotel/Motel: Other Comrr,ercial: Open land: Comments: DEVELOPED. By 1981, 87% of the shoreline was developed with a mixture of single family and high-rise residential, and commercial buildings. Additional land alterations include swimming pools, sundecks, ornamental landscapes and tiered parking garages. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based in 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCl: o % Development Seaward CCCl: Approximately 90 - 100% in 1984 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 125 Comments: The average setback of dwellings is from 100-200 feet from MH~ and less than 100 feet from the storm peuetration line. Setback from the land.ard margin of the active beach is from o to 50 feet. S9 SHGRELINE STRUCTURES Sea'Wa lIs FEET PERCDiT w/o Riprap: 1520 21.5 'WI Riprap: 830 11. 7 Revetments Buried: Exposed: 960 13.6 Non-Stabilized Shoreline: 3730 52.9 Other Structures: None C C' :::";'""':'.-:::"'. :::: : ~: :::: a:-::~':'?2~e:: t":'2.r t:-.: ~ . . . ~. ~: ::- ::- e ~ :. :- -== .. :: .;.. __ .... r"']F"'Io ~ - or- :. .... ,-. ~..c. ''--...... ~. ... .. < -' -. ... .... ... ha:dE~ec beC8\.se cf t~E c~cse prcxi=ity C~ the buildings to the active beach and the elimination of coastal strand areas. PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: rs 41 and SR 862 on SR 846 Number of Access Points: 6 Location: West End of 046 Parking: Seabreeze Avenue Channel Drive Bayview Avenue N2000 ft. north of SR562 West End of SR562 Yes No No No No Yes Recreational Value: Variable. Factors such as seawall construction and setback, tidal height, and effects of recent storms control access and value. Berm widths ranges from la-50 feet. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Altered Barrier Segment Characteristics: A heavily altered barrier segment. Historically this segment possessed a relatively high and narrcloI beach ridge. The topography was disturbed during dredge and fill operations in the 1950's with the natural vegetation being cleared, and the barrier artificially widened with fill to approxi- mately 600 feet in loIicth. 60 Beach ~idth (ft.): 103 100 DunejWashover Width (ft) 100 100 Transect No: 11 12 Dune Characteristics: None extant; condo hi-rise and other buildings constructed on peak elevations (6-9 ft) and some decks, pools and seawalls extend onto the active beach. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Only a small amount of the native vegetation remains on this segment. This too will probably be lost in the future. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish a~G ~::dli:e: S~a turtle nesting where there are no seawalls. Resource Values: Low except for the open recreation beach which is constricted in places by seawalls. Threats: Continued variance requests for more construction seaward will further reduce recreational beach area. Comments: Some dune restoration projects are planned but their impact is questionable with regard to the great loss that has already occurred. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 11 12 1885-1927: -3.1 -3.2 1927-1952: +4.6 +0.4 1952-1962: -3.7 +2.3 1962-1973: -1.7 -3.5 1973-1981 : +0.8 0.0 Mean Rate: -0.6 -0.3 61 .-<r_~_'''"4il'A.&_~ ",rr.liIl'l~ ""1'iOIOi Searshore Volurr.etric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -) Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 5 -192.0 - 96.6 + 3.3 + 44.4 -240.9 Accretional during the early part of the century. exhibiting a relatively steady trend of erosion since early 1950's when land clearing and topographic disturbance ~egan. Exa~er~ate~ ~.; seawall ccnstr~:- -0.5 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Slowly recessional, with continuous slow erosion from -1.0 to -3.0 feet/year STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: Stillwater Elev (ft.): ~ave Crest Elev (ft.): Location: 6 7 12 12 19 19 6 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, at the intersection of Seabreeze Avenue and Gulf Shore Drive, eastward to a point approximately 3.7 miles east-southeast of the intersection of U.S. High~ay 41 and County Highway 887. 7 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, at the intersection of Corr~erce Street and Gulf Shore Drive, eastward to County Highway 846, approximately 3.5 miles east of the intersection of County Highway 846 and U.S. Highway 41. Hazard Potential: to'A\AGEMENT Recoounendations: B~~CH SEGMENT DATA FORM/7 SEVERE. A narrow building setback and inadequate, exposed, return walls are exacerbating long-term recession and erosion, thereby increasing the potential for damage incurred during tropical storms. Greatly needed is an engineered plan that addresses the cumulative effects of shoreline stabilization in past years, as well as compatible integration with neighboring projects. No encroachment of upland protective structures should be permitted any farther seaward than those already present or to the presently existing vegetation line. New structures must be designed to cause minimal damage and interference with natural beach processes. 63 BEACH SEGM!::..';T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Pelican Bay North Number: 8 Coastal Barrier Unit: Vanderbilt Beach Coastal Management Unit: Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition USGS Topo Quad: Bonita Beach 4636 IV SE Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 21 - 23 DAT.~, STATIONS Ar~y Corps ?~of:les ~0: ... :, ..... County BERM Transects No: 13, 14 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: R-30 R-31 R-32 R-33 R-34 Benchmark Elev: 9.40 7.97 7.60 4.45 5.84 FE~~ Transects No: 8 LENGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 5340 Minimum Width: 1300 Minimum Width Location: 2700 feet south of north segment line LM1) OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 223 4 Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 5117 96 Comments: Public land is beach access park donated by Pelican Bay as part of PUD. Remainder is undeveloped with fill activities occurring in the landward section. 64 LA."iD USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Mu 1 t i-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 5340 100 Comments: U~~EVELOPED, UNPROTECTED. As part of the Pelican Bay Pun high density reSidential low and hi-rise units will be constructed on 78 acres of fill in a back mangrove area during the 1980's. At present, a hotel is currently under construction near the northern end of the segment. '..... '- '.-,.... ..':_'-:; :'E...~ELC?~~L~': S::::BA':~,~ ( :3 2 .:: ::: : .J r: 1 9 7 So L S? )'.::: as) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCeL: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: The CCeL averaged 150-200 feet landward of MHW. The storm protection line averages 100-150 feet landward of MHW. Setback line from the active beach is 100-120. No plans for building seaward of CeCL except for beach access facilities. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 5340 100 Other Structures: None Comments: There are no plans for stabilizing this shoreline. 65 PCPLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: CS 41 to Vanderbilt Beach Drive (SR 862) ~umber of Access Points: Location: North end of segment Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Excellent. Public parking and easy access at north end, a persistent berm, and natural aesthetic beauty contribute to overall value. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Migrating Overwash Ridge Characteristics: A narrow barrier ridge 200-400 feet wide with exten~i~e ~2~?rcT:e s~arr~s and e~~2~,~e~~s , '. . - - - . - - - . . -. . ":~:-:-:.t::~' .......2:-:-':'~.....-=: -: t::€a:~". ::-' t:.~-:: S.:. 1"': ~~, . .,. .. C .- ~p~a~c veg~t2te: by asuarl~a rc=est, coastal strand, and coastal hammock commun- ities, but with centrally concentrated Casuarina spreading north and southward in active invasion of native strand. A single beach ridge/washover zone of moderate 6-9 feet height, infrequently breached during storms. Beach Width (ft.): 90 96 Dune/\.;ashover Width (ft) 100 100 Transect No: 13 14 Dune Characteristics: Highest elevations on the central or back portion of the ridge. Vegetated by coastal strand and hammock communities, with Casuarina colonization on recent washovers. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Foredune and back barrier vegetation relatively undisturbed except for invasion by Casuarina and patches of Brazilian Pepper. Native har~ock species still in existence. Wetlands on landward edge have been filled for development following receipt of state and federal permits. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal artifacts found on beach in this area. See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting. 66 Resource Values: Medium, due to the wide beach and foredune area remaining in its natural state. Threats: Impacts associated with increased landward development and associated recreational activities. Comments: County will undertake a dune restoration program in the near future at the County access point. Pelican Bay development has been strongly encouraged to remove all Casuarina. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect r\o: 13 14 IE2.E:-l92- : ~ - -~. _i 1927-1952: +4.2 +4.6 1952-1962: -2.9 -5.2 1962-1973: -3.8 -1.9 1973-1981 : -7.2 -3.4 Mean Rate: -3.3 -1.3 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : 7 8 -116.5 - 17.8 - 84.4 - 43.3 - 78.8 -117.7 -215.3 -204.2 -495.0 -296.4 Net Change: Migrational History: Accretion during early part of the century. After 1950, erosional rates increased significantly, with the greatest recession taking place in the north and central portions of the segment. This is probably a consequence of the physiographic position of a net annual littoral drift divide, a function of longshore transport. 67 Mibrational Rate: -2.3 feet/year' Predicted ~!igrational future: Recessional ~ith accelerating erosion, from -1.0 to -8.0 feet/year. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluat ion Transect No: 8 Still~ater Elev (ft.): 12 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 1.6 miles north of Clam ?a~~, eaS:~2~~ t~ 2 ~~i~t 2~?~:".~=2~e::: - . -". . - :~€: ~ ~:~~"2~: ": :~e :~:~~~~::::~. of L .5. Eigh~ay ~l ane Hickory Road. Hazard Potential: EXTREMELY HIGH TO SEVERE. The narro~ barrier ridge could be completely eroded in a major storm, or at least inundated and displaced lar.d~ard. Potential hazards are greatest in the filled area to the northwest. Multi-family zoning also in the north area will increase threat to population. MANAGEMENT Recommendations: Dune resotration, management, and protection needed at northern end of segment using an integrated management plan. Access to dunes should be severely restricted. Preservation of remaining coastal harr~ock mandatory; selective removal of Casuarina recommended. No ORV's or dune buggies. Vehicle tracks and continued recession of dune and washover zone will cause decline in recreational value, as will further adjacent development. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FO~~/8 68 BEACH SEGl'~EI\T DATA SHEET DESCRI PTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: ~A:A 5:.;;TI\)~S Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: Clam Pass'North 9 Vanderbilt Beach Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Bonita Springs 4636 IV SE Naples North 4636 III NE 23 - 26 7 15 J 16 None N/A R-35 R-36 R-37 R-38 R-39 R-40 R-41 9 FEET 7940 240 /~7) ~/ Benchmark Elev: 6.03 6.16 4.84 5.16 6.25 4.40 N/A LA,\Li OI.1;ERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 0 0 Private/Developed: 0 0 Private/Undeveloped: 7940 100 Comments: Pelican Bay P.U.D. LM'D USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Mul t i-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 :,=~:.hc : - - -.~2:'e::-::::..a... . Open Land: 3940 100 (presently) Comments: Undeveloped, protected. 560 acres of wetland were dedicated to Collier County in 1982. In addition to other concessions, the County conceptually approved at least 2 private beach access tramways and full service beach facilities seaward of the CCCL; this line averages 200 feet landward of MHW. Setback from the active beach varies from 120-150 feet. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: No development is anticipated seaward of CCCL other than beach access facilities. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET P ERC ENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o 70 Revetments Buried: 0 0 Exposed: 0 0 Non-S tabil ized Shoreline 7940 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No shoreline stabilization anticipated. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Vanderbilt Beach Road (SR 862) Number of Access Points: 1 :"'0ca~iQn; ~'Jrth of segment Farking: Yes Recreational Value: Good to excellent. Similar to North Pelican Bay Beach but access is located over one mile from main beach. A 30-50 foot wide berm. Wildlife value very high. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Migrating Overwash Ridge Characteristics: Similar to 118A Beach Width (ft.): 96 100 Dune /\"'ashover \"'idth (ft) 120 120 Transect No: 15 16 Dune Characteristics: 120 ft. Highest elevations (7 feet) occur at the active beach/dune interface. These areas vegetated by a typical coastal strand, but with Casuarina invading throughout, especially lower areas. Australian pine forest has mostly replaced coastal strand south of the Pass. 71 --'-'-""'~""'_"'_"'__'______"_"'_'.~^'~'_'_"~'_~"'."_'_,"._.0_.,__ .4 ......""_,,___~ It~ CHAJZ.,\CTER lSTlCS Vegetation: A gre2t deal of native coastal dune and coastal hammock vegetation remains on this seg~er.t. Although Casuarina is present it has not yet had adverse impact on this segment. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal artifacts as well as European artifacts found in this vicinity. See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: The undisturbed nature of this site makes it high in resource value both in terms of natural and recreational amenities. Threats: Continued expansion of Casuarina forest and recreatior.al iC?8CtS. '~,~2c"e,.:5: ...t:: r",:::;':V<i.o. cf C2..:::L:dr:.na :.s strcng~y recot::r"encec. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 15 16 1885-1927: -0.7 +0.8 1927-1952: +12.9 +6.0 1952-1962: +12.8 -1.4 1962-1973: -6.1 -6.3 1973-1981: +1.0 -3.8 l-fean Rate: -1.1 -1.0 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) 0885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: 7 +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -116.5 -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : - 84.4 -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : - 78.8 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : -215.3 };et Change: -495.0 72 Migrational History: Accretion during early part of the century. After 1950. erosion became the trend ~ith greatest recession in central portion of segment (see #8A). Migrational Rate: -0.2 feet/year Predicted Migrational Future: Recessional, accelerating from -1.0 to -8.0 feet/year. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 9 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 ~av~ Cr~s: Elev (ft~): 19.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 1,600 feet north of Clam Pass, eastward to a point approximately 2,200 feet north-northwest of the intersection of Center Street and U.S. Highway 41. Hazard Potential: HIGH. The narrow barrier ridge could be completely eroded in a major storm. See segment fl8A. MA"iAGEMENT Recorrnnendations: A conceptual and practical management plan is needed to address beach access, usage, facilities and locations. The existing beach facility is constructed too close to the receding shore. Any additional facilities should be set substantially back. Moreover, by restricting recreation to the open beach, the coastal forest-mangrove strand on this segment could be treated as a wildlife preserve for both animal life and rare plant habitats. South of the Pass Casuarina invasion has restricted development of a fully functional dune/~ashover zone. The Australian pines should be removed. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/9 73 Coastal Barrier 3. Park Shore Shoreline Change. The north sector of the Park Shore unit has been relatively stable since 1&&5. In fact, certain areas have shown accre- tion. Historically, north Park Shore has received sand eroded and transported south from the Vanderbilt Beach unit. In contrast to the northern sector, the southern 1.3 miles of the Park Shore unit has experienced erosion since 1927. Erosion continued in this area until the shoreline was stabilized by the construction of seawalls and jetties. The north jetty at Doctors Pass trapped sand being transported to the south in the littoral drift, resulting in 10 to 50 feet of accretion since 1973. Only minor changes occurred from 1973 to 1982 in the beach profile at Park Shore (profile number R-51, see Fig. 1). At this survey locatio~ a small unvegetated dune in front of the seawall grew 1.5 feet in eleva- tion in the 1970's. A post-storm ridge and runnel, present in the 1982 profile between 2 and 3.5 feet MSL, must be considered a temporary feature that Was related to the uno name" storm. S t c:-:: eb a :- act:: e =- :. s t :: c s . :'":-1 e :- c : :.: '-':':- ~ ~;:, ::) :-::: -= : :: -:: c c s tJ r:::: c [; a :- a c _ :eristic5 fer the Park Shore unit 1s excerpted from the Flood Insurance Stud: Wave Rei ht Anal sis--Collier Count , Florida, Unincor orated Areas (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From approximately 1 mile north of Wiggins Pass to the Kaples northern corporate limits, waves with heights of up to 9 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. These Waves will be rapidly diminished to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and buildings in developed areas and by rising ground elevation and vegetation in undevel- oped areas along the open coast. At Inner and Outer Clam Bays, waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue inland until they are reduced to less than 3 feet by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation along the northern and eastern shorelines and by bulkheads at the southern end of Outer Clam Bay. The bulkheads are expected to remain intact during the lOO-year storm surge. Moving inland, wave heights of up to 3 feet are expected to regenerate across inland water bodies where sufficient fetch exists. The waves will again be reduced to less than 3 feet by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation. Wave heights of 2 feet can be expected on srraller water bodies such as Turkey Lake, where sufficient fetch exists. Bulkheads, buildings, and rising ground elevations at the eastern shorelines will rapidly diminish these waves in devel- oped areas. In undeveloped areas, these waves will be quickly diminished by dense vegetation along with rising ground eleva- tion. Maximum wave crest elevations ore 19 feet at the open coast shoreline, 15 feet at Outer Clam Bay, and 14 feet at Inner Clam Bay and other similar water bodies. Wave action continues inland for approximately 0.75 mile for most of the reach. Tidal surge elevations of 11 to 13 feet continue inland for approximately 6 additional miles in the northern part 74 of the reach and approximately 1 mile in the southern part of the reach. Beach, Dune, Washover Zone Characteristics. The Park Shore Barrier Unit is approximately 2.3 miles in length. Of this stretch of coast, 2% of the dune/washover zone is Native Coastal Strand. dominated by native grasses and shrubs; 17% is Invaded Coastal Strand, with Casuarina in various stages of invasion and dominance; 12% is Exotic Forest with Casuarina in near monotypic condition; and 69% is Ornamental Landscape, typically sod and ornamental plants. In the Park Shore coastal barrier unit the average width of the beach and dune zone varies between the beach segments. In the North Park Shore barrier beach segment the approximate width is 164 feet; the average setback of land development activities from mean high water is 200 feet. In the South Park Shore barrier beach segment the average width of the beach and dune zone is 164 feet with a land development setback of 100 feet. There has been. therefore, an average of 39% reduction in the width of the beach and dune zone, and the average setback of land development activities is 75 feet from mean high water. This translates to an average of 55! reduction ~n the wid:~ c~ the ~eac~ an~ du=e Zc~e as a res~:t cf ce~e.o?~e~t. 75 BEACH SEGHE^T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: - ... .,... . s:- .~.7 = j='~~ 3 Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LE};GTH M'D WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LAI'm O....'NERSHIP Pu b 1 i c : Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Clam Pass South 10 Parkshore Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Naples. North. FL 4636 III NE 26 - 27 9 17 G & J-2 Station located at G & J monument visible northwest from D~R monument T-42 located just south of Clam Pass. T-42 R-43 R-44 Benchmark Elev: 8.24 6.21 8. 12 10 FEET 3340 220 Just north of R-44 FEET PERCENT 3340 100 0 0 0 0 Comments: County Park. no facilities at present. 76 LA!<D USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Mu I t i - F ar.1 il y : o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 3340 100 Comments: UNDEVELOPED, PROTECTED. Some 560 acres of wetland and upland were dedicated to Collier County in 1982. Two corridors for private access to the beach were exempt from the protected area. The County conceptually approved these corridors as tramways, as well as full service beach facilities seaward of the CCCL line. The latter averages about 200 feet land~ard of MHW. Inte~sive recreation of ~se ~av ~e eY~ected. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: A beach access facility has been permitted seaward of the CCCL but has not yet been constructed. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 3340 100 Other Structures: Groin (Rock) Comments: Groin located 335 feet north of South segment. No other structured stabilization anticipated. ~_ M...... -......._ l".-" .._,_"''ZL.____'''''''""~_'_"._~..."''''',,....''''...,..,''___.,,;~~ PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Seagate Drive (future access via county park board~alk and/or ferry) Number of Access Points: Location: Seagate Drive Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Good to excellent. A narro~ but persistent berm is present and access is easy from less than one mile a~ay. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Historic Tidal Pass Barrier Characteristics: A~ extremely lc~ and narrow (less t~2~ 20C ~~~- ~~:~ ~~~~~~7 ~~~ge, :~E 5i:~ :~ ~~~~7C'_~ :~~e~ tl:c~ ~c3ses 2~C cccplete ba~rier washovers in recent times, any of ~hich could reopen under the right storm conditions. Beach Width (ft.): 90 Dune/Washover ~idth (ft) 95 Transect No: 17 Dune Characteristics: Highest elevations (ca. 7 ft) at dune-beach intersection. Coastal strand vegetation with Casuarina invasion north of the pass, and a dense Australian pine forest ~hich has replaced most of the coastal vegetation south of the pass. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Much of the native foredune and coastal haIT~IT:ock vegetation has been replaced by the dense strand of Casuarina. The County plans to undertake an extensive dune restoration program here in the near future to remove all Casuarina and to replant native coastal species. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal and shipwreck European artifacts found in this vicinity. Also potential site for further artifact discovery. See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Moderately active sea turtle nesting just south of the Pass. Resource Values: Medium to high resource value due to the wide recreational beach and the extensive wetland system. Proposed Casuarina removal and habitat restoration pr0tection program will give this beach segment a high resource value in the future. Threats: Increased Casuarina colonization and recreational impacts. Comments: This will become a major County park in the future. Every effort should be made to restore and protect its natural features and to maintain its passive uses. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) :ra:-:se:r ~:: 1885-1927: -2.3 1927-1952: +3.4 1952-1962: -2.2 1962-1973: -0.2 1973-1981: -0.6 Mean Rate: -0.4 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd 3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Prof ile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Fe.: -9 Ft. to -15 Fe.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : 9 + 35.5 + 79.9 + 77.7 + 28.9 Net Change: +164.2 Migrational History: Accretional during early part of the century, with several ephemeral tidal passes closed; erosional trend accel- erated after 1950. Migrational Rate: -0.4 feet/year 79 Predicted Migrational Future: Stable to slo~ recession; fro~ -1.0 to -3.0 feet/year. Comments: A historically and geophysically active pass. STORM HA.2ARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 10 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 ~ave Crest Elev (ft.): 19.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 3,000 feet south of Clam Pass. eastward across Olltec Cl'i:: Ba:; t- _ . . -:~-: 3~~~~~::~2:e~~' . ~ ,-... ~ - - ... - ~.; ':;: - "::..:.:..:: ~- Highway 896 and C.S. Highway 41. r.2=-.:~-~225t C'! t:-iC ::-.tersect:c':-~ c: ~~lunty Hazard Potential: Extremely high. Complete inundation or ephemeral tidal pass formation could occur during intense tropical storm. HA.'iAGEMENT Recommendations: The groin should be removed. The Australian pines should be thinned out progressing seaward and native vegetation reestablished. The existing beach facility to the north is constructed too close to the receding shoreline; any additional facilities should be set farther back. Casuarina south of the pass has restricted development of a fully functional dune-washover zone. Because such a high rate of use is anticipated a conceptual and practical management plan IT>ust be developed to address access, use of facilities, structures, etc. Any disturbance to vegetation will be inimical to the dune areas; both upland and dune vegetation should be protected. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/I0 80 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Co"ps F~o:~les ~c: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LE1\GTH A.\1) WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: North Parkshore 11 Parkshore Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Naples. North. FL 4636 III NE 27 - 28 : 1 18 A-I0. ACE 11 A-IO: DNR monument A-I0 located just north of the seaward end of the Parkshore Access boardwalk. Photo station located 30 feet seaward of the northwest corner of the walkway base (rust spray paint). ACE-II: ACE monument no. 11 located just south of the second private crosswalk. Photo station located 20 feet seaward of the southwest corner of the crosswalk base. R-45 A-I0 T-46 T-47 V-48 T-49 Benchmark Elev: 5.22 N/A N/A N/A N!A "f./A 10 FEET 4800 830 North end of Parkshore south of Seagate Blvd. 81 LA1\D OW"}; ERSH IP FEET PERCE1\T Public: 0 0 Private/Developed: 4000 83.3 Private/Undeveloped: 800 16.6 Comments: New condominiums continue to be built in this approved PUD. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Mult i-Family: 4800 100 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 C ::-.€7 ~ . . l. .-:- :rr:>~: ~.:- : 2. _ : Open Land: o o Comments: DEVELOPED. High rise and other construction on this unit began with a PU~ in the late 1970's. The setback of these buildings ranges from 100-300 feet. An artificial dune ~as constructed in the ~inter of 1980-81, 80 feet wide and approximately 10 feet high, within the north sector. The south sector is concrete bulkheaded seawalls. cceL Ah~ DEVELOPP~T SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment ~/o CCCL: o % Development Seaward CeCL: see comments Maximum Intrusion (ft.): see comments Comments: The only construction near to the CCCL is the artificial dune built after the 1979 atlas ~as completed. ~o data are available at present. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 1iG 3.5 w/ Riprap: o o 82 Revetments Buried: 3470 72.3 Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 1160 24.1 Other Structures: Two rock groins are located near the north end of the segment. Comments: No other beach stabilization anticipated. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: North end of Gulfshore Blvd. ~~~~€r c: Ac:ess ~clnts: Location: Above Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Good. A persistent berm varying between 80-150 feet in width and easy access. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized Barrier Beach Characteristics: Prior to 1960, these segments possessed a narrow undisturbed barrier ridge about 150 feet wide, backed by mangrove swamp and shallow coastal bays. The beach was wide, unvegetated and active, whereas landward portion supported coastal strand and hammocks. Jetties were constructed at Doctors Pass about 1960 and the adjacent barrier was widened approximately 1000 feet by dredge and fill on the bayside. Beach Width (ft.): 99 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 100 Transect No: 18 Dune Characteristics: The dune in this area is preponderantly artificially constructed and vegetated. The major species is sea oats. Some natural sea oats dunes exist to the south of the arti- f icial dune. 83 CE.....RACTERISTlCS Vegetation: Very litte native vegetation remains on this segment. Mangrove wetlands have been cleared and filled and replaced by sod and nursery species. Almost nothing remains of the coastal hammock that once occurred here. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Sea turtle nesting is not common in this area. Resource Values: Moderate due to recreational beach and restored dune. Threats: Recession of the beach and narrowing of recreational area. COlnIJ1ents: Sea'olard edge of crt ificial d',.:"e sr,culd be re;::la"t€c ::::::,...:~.€ st2'r:: ~~._,.-....- --::.... :"'c:.r::: t,:;: :-"c:'~:c:.:-.~ 1:3 :':-. : 2 g :- i : y . EISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect So: 18 1885-1927: +1.7 1927-1952: N/A 1952-1962: N/A 1962-1973: -0.4 1973-1981 : +4.2 Mean Rate: +2.2 Nearshore Voll.:metric Changes (yd 3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: 11 +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: + 21.1 -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : + 55.5 -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -113.2 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : - 68.9 Net Change: -105.5 84 Migrational History: A trend of accretion in the late 1800's changed to erosion during the mid- 1900's, becoming most rapid in the vicinity of Doctors Pass. The erosion associated with the clearing of natural vegetation was an important factor. The position of the shoreline stabilized during the 1970's as a result of seawall construction. although the area of the segment where vegetation clearing occurred was not stabliized. Erosion continues despite efforts to stabilize the area using rocks and seawalls in the pass and adjacent beaches. Migrational Rate: -3.9 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Recessional; will probably continue at variably increasi~E ~ace Co~ent5: T~e area has been abused throughout its history. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 10 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19.0 Location: See segment no. 9 Hazard Potential: MODERATE. A relatively wide setback and an artificial dune constructed in 1981 contribute to a lowered hazard. J-f.ANAGEMENT Recommendations: A multifaceted program is needed for this area, and includes the following: 1. Remove the groins; 2. Protect seaward edge of existing vegetation from foot traffic; 3. Establish pedestrian by-passes wherever possible; 4. Acquire rights for public use of existing accesses; 5. No encroachment allowed within upland protection structure farther seaward than the structure or existing vegetation line; 85 Bf~CH SEGMEKT DATA FORM/II 6. Ir. unaltered areas where continued scarp recession necessitates corrective action, the front line of the existing structure should be integrated with the adjacent existing scarp, using a combination of sand fill, stabilizing vegetation, and rock boulders; 7. New structures must be designed to have minimal interference ~ith natural beach processes; 8. Reconstruction after major storm mandatorily restricted to landward side of a prohibitive setback line. 86 BEACH SEG~ENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: South Parkshore Number: 12 Coastal Barrier Unit: Parkshore Coastal Management Unit: Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition USGS Topo Quad: Naples North FL 4636 III NE Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 28 - 29 DP-.:'A ST,i. nOr;S Army Corps Profiles No: 12 County BERM Transects No: 19 County Field Stations No: R-51 Locations: D~R monument R-51 is located approximately 2 feet west of seawall at Gulfside condominium. Photo station is located 45 feet seaward of the monument. DNR Transects No: T-50 Benchmark Elev: N/A R-51 6.23 FEMA Transects No: 11 LENGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 3310 Minimum Width: 940 Minimum Width Location: South segment line LM"D OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 0 0 Private/Developed: 3310 100 Private/Undeveloped: 0 0 Comments: None. :: ...., LA.'W USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: 3310 100 Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: o o Comments: DEVELOPED. Medium density hi-rise with setbacks averaging 150-300 feet from MEW. An 80 foot wide artificial dune was built in the north sector. A retaining wall was also constructed about 1973. and by 1981 was approximately 30-100 feet landward of MHW. ~~-;-~- c>j.::-:' D::~.:::L(-.:~~~T ~ :::?ACY (Ec:~~c ::. -? ~,:; ..1.:: ~a.3) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward eeCL: 86 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 110 Comments: Intrusion mainly by seawalls but 4 condominiums have minimal extensions sea~ard of CCCL. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 1470 44.0 w/ Riprap: 1840 55.5 Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Other Structures: None Comments: It is likely that additional requests to place riprap in front of existing seawalls will be made in the future. E3LIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Gulfshore Boulevard Number of Access Points: None Location: None Parking: No Recreational Value: Fair. A narrow persistent berm, some vegetation, and access to the south. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized barrier island with altered Barrier Segment Characteristics: Prior to the 1960's an extremely narrow (150 feet) barrier ridge existed, with mangrove ;::..::..u..t- and lagcc:"~al e:::'::a:...~e.r:t ::'e:-~i.:~c. '''r~ .- ... !.it;:: alte~ation of Dccto~s Pass by jetty con- struction and dredge and fill, completed by about 1973, in conjunction with seawall construction, has exacerbated the erosional problems. Beach Width (ft.): 84 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 80 Transect No: 19 Dune Characteristics: Essentially non-existent CP.ARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Native coastal barrier vegetation has almost entirely bee~ replaced by buildings, seawalls, and artificially landscaped areas. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: No sea turtle nesting activity observed. Resource Values: Low value due to elimination of native habitats and total alteration of natural characteristics. Beach has recreational value but there is no public access. Threats: Major threat is the increased reduction of recreational beach due to the recession of the mean high water line. Comments: None. 89 HISTORICAL A~ALYSES OF SHORELINE CH.~\GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 19 1885-1927: +0.1 1927-1952: N/A 1952-1962: N/A 1962-1973: -1.1 1973-1981~ +6.3 Mean Rate: +1.8 Nearshore Volumetric Charges (yc3) (1885-1970) Ar"J:? Co!"?S Prciile ~c: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : '') 1.. - 5 1.1 - 31.0 - 47.8 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: -427.3 Net Change: -557.2 Migrational History: A trend of accretion in the late 1800's reversed to erosion during the mid 1900's, becoming most rapid in the vicinity of Doctors Pass. This erosion was associated with the clearing of ~atural vegetation, and in these areas erosion continued in the 1970's although in adjacent areas the beach became more stable. Efforts to stabilize the pass and adjacent beaches with riprap and seawalls have been largely ineffective. Migrational Rate: +2.6 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Recessional with continued erosion 90 STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 11 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 2,650 feet west of the intersection of Crayton Road and Park Shore Drive in Naples, eastward to a point approximately 700 feet west of the intersection of Old Trail Drive and U.S. Highway 41 in Naples. Hazard Potential: EXTREMELY HIGH TO SEVERE. rt?~ c;€ hi-rise constructio~ a~d xi~iza: s~t~ , . ~ .. ". ~:s ?..~:........:.. ensure a high potential for ~~JOR DESTRUCTION AND PROPERTY DAMAGE in a full strike hurricane or even a moderate tropical storm. l".Al\;AGEMENT Recommendations: Protection of remnant vegetation in front of retaining wall from foot traffic by construction of beach access stairs at north and south ends. See also recommendations for segment #10. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/12 91 _____....~ "V" _'<I'-t~-' ~_____"';_""""'~\""""""""w"""~"'''">'' BEACH SECME~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: : .~. I}- S:- ~.:.. I I C ~.;:: Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects ~o: FE~A Transects No: UJolGTH A.l\;D WIDTH Length: Minimum \"'idth: Minimum ~idth Location: Moorings 13 Parkshore Cocohatchee-Gordon River Transition Naples North, 4636 III NE 29 - 31 13 20, 21, 22 R-S2, V-55 R-52: Photo station located 20 feet sea~ard of southwest corner of seawall, at south end of Horizon Way. V-55: DNR monument [-55 located in seaward west of ~estgate condominium. Photo station located 15 feet sea~ard of monument. R-52 R-53 1-54 V-55 1-56 T-57 Benchmark Elev: 7. 12 NIA KIA N/A N/A 8.03 12, 13 FEET 5750 870 730 feet from south segment line 92 LA\D Ol,..;-\ERSHIP FEET PERCE!\T Public: ::500 4 Private/Developed: 5500 96 Private/Undeveloped: o o Comments: Area developed in late 1960's and 70's as part of Moorings development. Three public access ways located along segment. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: 5300 92 ~c'te1./Mct~l: ~ '- o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 450 8 Comments: DEVELOPED. High der.sity hi-rise multifamily construction characterizes the segment. By 1981 only 8% of the shore- front remained undeveloped. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 92 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 150 Comments: Setback range from 20-100 feet landward of MHW. SHORELI~E STRUCTCRES Sea'Wa 11 s FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 4490 78 w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: 370 6.4 Exposed: o o 93 ~on-Stabilized Shoreline 890 15.5 Other Structures: Doctor's Pass north jetty at south end. Comments: An extremely densely settled, asphalt and concrete-paved barrier segment PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: North Gulfshore Drive Number of Access Points: 3 Location: Horizon Way Vedado Way Via Miramar Parking: Yes Yes Yes Fc,~~ea::.':'r:2.: fluctuates over wide range of widths. Adequate public access, but parking limited. fEe: C~ :ess, anc :iillited vegetation. H :- C : 2. :: :. \:::. l > -:e:-:::~~,€-_ : c :--~ .- ".- J.~ beach . ::::!. __ '-~. e ~ COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized barrier island with altered barrier segment Characteristics: Similar to segment #11. The mangrove swamp and embaJ~ent area is totally destroyed. and the barrier lagoon now completely bulkheaded. Beach Width (ft.): 99 S8 103 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 75 75 100 Transect No: 20 21 22 Dune Characteristics: Essentially nonexistent. CEARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Nearly all native coastal barrier vegetation has been replaced by landscaped species. Cultural/Historic: European campsite artifacts found in this area. See cultural/historic summary. 94 fish and ~ildlife: Little or no sea turtle nesting. Resource Values: Low to medium; only resource value is recreation beach with public access points. Threats: Loss of recreation beach due to shoreline recession and landward seawalls/rip rap. Comments: Area is a highly altered dredge and fill-developed barrier with little natural resource value. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 20 21 22 23 1885-1927: +0.8 +0.8 ,.., ~ .. 2 . 1 -.:..j 'q'- '--2 ~/A N/A ~iA ~/A .i....."-J-l~) = 1952-1962: N/A N/A N/A -5.9 1962-1973: -2.9 -4.7 -3.6 -3.9 1973-1981: +1.0 +1.6 +10.9 +0.8 Mean Rate: -0.4 -0.8 +1.7 -1. 7 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: 13 +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: - 27.7 -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: + 86.6 -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -213.2 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: -252.0 Net Change: -406.3 Xigrational History: Similar to Segment #11. Migrational Rate: +1.9 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional, and continuing 95 ::.7(J;<..~ HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 12 13 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 10.0 10.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 10.0 10.0 Location: 12 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 2,800 feet north of Doctors Pass eastward across Moorings Bay in Naples, to a point approximately 400 feet east of the intersection of Ponce De Leon Drive and County Highway 31 in Collier Coun ty. ~ 3 F eJU: t r, e C; u 2. f c f ~ e x i co': c a :; t 1 i~, €.' , . ~. -.-- - ~ 2; ~ r: ~< :::~ : €-4 ... Y ';'.t ,.,. '__ : e'2: 7"'-::-: r~ c: ~octors rass, east~ard across Moorings Bay in ~aples, to a point approximately 1,300 feet south- southeast of the intersection of Coach House Lane and County Highway 31 in Collier County. Hazard Potential: HIGH. Poorly integrated sea~alls and minimal setbacks increase potential for severe damage during even a moderate storm. ~;AMGEMENT Recomrr,endat ions: See segme!;t Ii 10 and f! 11. Horizon \o,'ay has artificial dune with rock core. Crosswalk recolIlCenced. BL~CH SEGML~T DATA FORM/13 96 Coastal Barrier 4. ~aples Headland Shoreline Change. The northern mile of the Naples headland experi- enced the most pervasive trend of erosion in Collier County. The beach in the area has receded up to 300 feet since 1927. The shoreline recedec 30 to 40 feet after the construction of jetties at Doctors Pass in 1960. This erosion occurred as a result of a sand deficit caused by the jetties in the Park Shore burrier unit. The shoreline of central Naples was relatively stable in the early 1900's but began to fluctuate about the middle of the twentieth century. In the last 50 years, continual erosion has occurred between 5th Avenue South and 10th Avenue South. This shoreline was hardened by the con- struction of seawalls and closely spaced groins about 1950. The shoreline of south Naples has fluctuated landward and seaward as much as 200 feet since 1885. Three long timber pile groins, numerous short closely spaced rock groins. and nearly continuous seawalls were constructed in south Naples during the 1950's. Shoreline data reveal that the timber pile groins have promoted 20-60 feet of accretion in their immediate vicinity since cc~struction. Erosion occurred between :;62 a~d 1973 ~~ the vi~i~i:y 0: Gcrcc~ ?3SS. Two profiles r.(ere measured along central and south Naples (Fig. 1). In the foreshore zone post-storm ridges and runnels were present at both profile locations in October, 1982. A 10-year comparison of profiles at the central Naples location (R-70) indicated that the beach receded 15 to 20 feet. Field observations of pre- and post-storm beaches in the area indicated that the measured recession occurred during the "no name" storm. The backshore of the profile in south Naples was stable between 1973 and 1982. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for the Naples Headland unit is excerpted from the Flood Insurance Study: Wave Height Analysis--Collier County, Florida, Unin- corporated Areas (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From the southern corporate limits of Naples to just north of Big Marco Pass, waves with heights of up to 8.5 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. The waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast north of Little Marco Pass. South of Little Marco Pass waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue inland for approx- imately 0.5 mile where they are diminished by rising ground elevation and vegetation. Moving inland, waves with heights of up to 4 feet are expected to regenerate across Rookery Bay and Johnson Bay. These waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation along the eastern shorelines. Wave heights of up to 2 feet are expected at s~aller inland water bodies where sufficient fetch exists. These waves will also be rapidly diminished by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation. Maximum wave crest elevations are 17 feet at the open coast shoreline, 15 feet at the eastern shore of Rookery Bay, and 13 feet at the eastern shore of Johnson Bay and at the eastern shore of other similar inland water bodies. Wave 97 action continues inland fer approximately 3 miles ~ith the tidal surge elevations of 9 and 10 feet continuing inland for approximately 3 additional miles for this reach. Beach, Dune and ~ashover Zone Characteristics. The Naples barrier unit is approximately 5.6 miles in length. On this stretch of coast there are no Native Coastal Strands, Invaded Coastal Strands, Exotic Forest, or Mangrove Forest; 100% of the Dune/ Washover Zone is Ornamental Landscape, consisting typically of sod and ornamental plants. In the five subunits which comprise the Naples Headland coastal barrier unit the average ~idth of the beach and dune zone ranges from 144 feet at South Port Royal, to 154 feet at North Naples. The average setback of land development activities from the mean high water line ranges from 35 feet at North Naples to 85 feet at North Port Royal. The average reduction in the width of the beach and dune Zone ranges from 48% at North Port Royal to 77% at North Naples. 98 BEACH SEGML~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: :' ~~..: .~. ~': .:~:r : C'~ s Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects ~o: FEMA Transects ~o: Naples North 14 Naples Gordon River Naples North 4636 III NE 31 - 34 16, 17 23, 24, 25 T58. ACE 17, R61 T-58: Station located at Moorings Residents beach. Photo station located on top of rock groin 13 feet seaward of southwest corner of seawall. ACE 17: Photo station at Lowdermilk Park on Army Corps No. 17 monument not recovered at 12/82 survey, so moved to R-61. R-61: DNR monument R-61 located at south center of Lowdermilk Park. Photo station 40 feet seaward of monument. T-58 R-59 R-60 R-61 T-62 T-63 R-64 T-65 Benchmark Elev: 7.51 6.72 6.01 7.70 N/A N/A 8.96 N/A None 99 LDGTH A."-;D \.:IDT1-! FEET Length: 8430 Minimum Width: 680 Mini~um Width Location: 680 feet from north end of segnent L.A.ND O\o.TNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 900 11 Private/Developed: 6880 82 Private/Undeveloped: 650 7 Comments: Lowdermilk Park is public. Moorings Residents Beach and vacant lot is private/u~cevelo?ed, Cld Naples st~eet end a::ess ac.: ~ct i~:::_~e~ ir calc"_:;:icns. LA.l\j1) US E FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Mult i-Family: 6880 82 Hotel/Motel: ~/A N/A Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 1550 18 Comments: High density multifamily, constructed during the 1960's. During the same period, 70% of the shorefront was altered by seawall construction. Hotel/motel data not available; included with multi-family data. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment ~/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 19 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 150 Corr~ents: Data do not include Old Naples Street end access points. 100 SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 6010 71.2 w/ Riprap: 560 6.6 Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-S tabilized Shoreline 1800 21.3 Other Structures: 60 0.7 :::C :':'::<27', t s : Othe~ stru~tu~es . . . 1:-.: _"lee two D~:rc=s ~ass je~ti~~ arc _! r)ct'. groins. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Gulfshore Blvd. Number of Access Points: 2 Parks (1 private) plus 4 street end access points Location: Lowdermilk Park Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Hazardous tc poor. Usually less than 25 feet of impersistent beach, with seawalls frequently exposed. Little or no vegetation, and seawalls undergo much wave swash. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized (altered) Barrier Spit Characteristics: South of Doctors Pass, the geomophology changes from barrier-lagoonal coast to coastal headlar.ds with attached barrier spits. Prior to development this segment possessed a narrow (150 ft) barrier ridge backed by salt marsh, mangrove and coastal hardwood forests. Land clearir.g and topographic modification began in North ~aples in 1950's. Beach Width (ft.): 108 65 Dune/Washover \<.'idth (ft) 90 60 Transect No: 24 25 101 Dune Characteristics: Essentially non-existent CHAR,\CTER 1 STICS Vegetation: No native coastal vegetation remains except for replanted dcne species. All other vegetation is landscaped. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal artifacts found off Moorings Residents beach. See cultural/ historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: No sea turtle nesting. Resource Values: Low to medium value on recreation beach with public access points. Threats: Loss cf recreati~~ t2ac~ ~~e to st0re:~~e ~ e: 2 ~ ~ :.::- :-. a.~. <: ~ 2. -':' '.' ..~ ~ ': 3 :=; a 'f..; = ~ ~. ~ i ::-:; ::- ~;: . Comments: Area is highly altered and developed with little natural resource value. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 24 25 1885-1927: +0.8 +1.4 1927-1952: -1.7 -2.8 1952-1962: -22.2 -0.4 1962-1973: -4.5 -3.5 1973-1981 : +1.7 -0.1 Mean Rate: -5.2 -1.0 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -IS Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: 16 1 7 - 94.3 - 28.8 -111.0 - 77.7 + 64.3 -123.2 + 8.9 - 43.3 -] 32.1 -323.0 102 Migrational History: A trend of stability prior to 1930 switched to more erosional during the 1940-50's. Shoreline recession continued thereafter although the rate slowed after seawalls were constructed in the segment. Attached sand spits grow in northerly direction during periods of plentiful sand supply. Migrational Rate: -1.3 feet/year and decreasing Predicted Migrational Future: Recessional; presumably slowing erosion unless storm tide, surge occurs, or longshore current patterns change. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation :ra::sect No: ~one Stillwater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): N/A Location: N/A Hazard Potential: EXTREMELY HIGH. Similar to conditions noted in Moorings segment, and is further exacerbated by continued erosion expected to occur in the future. MANAGEMENT Recommendations: Remove non-functional groins and minimize any further structural intrusion onto beach. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/14 103 BEACH SEG~E~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment NalLe: Kumber: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: =":.~.:..:'. STATless Army Corps Profiles ~o: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects ~o: LENGTH AKD WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: Central Kap1es 15 ~aples Gordon River North Naples 4636 III NE 34 - 35 18, 19 26, 27 R-66, R-70 R-66: DNR monument R-66 is located on north side of wood slat fence located 26.8 feet east from southwest corner of pavement. Photo station is located 90 feet sea~ard of monument. R-70: Photo station located 4 feet seaward of northwest portion of crosswalk marked with rust paint. R-66 T-67 R-68 T-69 R-70 Benchmark Elev: 7.37 N/A 7.62 ~/A 8.74 14 FEET 4300 KIA K/A 104 LA!'~D O\o.':\ERSH IP FEET PERCENT ---- Public: 0 0 Private/Developed: 4300 100 Private/Undeveloped: 0 0 Comments: Measurements exclude street end public access points. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 4300 100 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Otre:- CC::Der:ial: C Open Land: Comments: Medium density, foundation-structured single family residences constructed primarily before 1960. A single seawall was built in the center of the segment about 1960, and presently nearly the entire shorefront has been altered by seawall, revet~ent and groin structures. Construction setback ranges from 60-200 feet. Street end access not included in measurements. CCCL A1~ DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Basec on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 86 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 100 Corr.ments: Construction setback ranged from 15 to 100 feet landward of MHW. Seaward development represents seawalls/rip rap (majority) and buildings. Access ways mainly behind CCCL. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 780 18 wi Riprap: o o 105 Revetments Buried: Exposed: 3100 72 Non-St ab il ized Shoreline 420 10 Other Structures: Six (6) groins Comments: Closely spaced groins (5 at the northern end and 1 at the southern) produce some effect on beach conditions. P~BLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: North Gulfshore Blvd. & cross streets ~'-.:~,:€r cf ?-:C.2SS ?:"::""_~::: c Location: end of each street Parking: Yes Recreational Value: Fair to good. A trar.sient berm and scattered dune vegetation on a strip from 20-80 feet in ~idth. Access is good with street parking. Beaches are heavily used in the .inter season. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized Barrier Spit, Altered Characteristics: South of Doctors Pass, the geomorphology changes from ba"rier-lagoonal coast to coastal headland with attached barrier spits. Prior to development, this segment possessed a narrc~ (150 ft) barrier ridge backed by salt marsh, mangrove and coastal hardwood forests. Shallow coastal emba:TIents also existed. Land clearing and torographic modification began in North Naples in 1950's. These segments represent the present day exposure of the high Pleistocene deposits that extend northward in Collier County. The high flat sandy pine lands .ere the first areas occupied by modern settlements at the beginning of the first half of the present century. Beach Width (ft.): 64 80 Dune/Washover T,iidth (ft) 80 80 Transect No: 26 27 106 Dune Characteristics: Low to non-existent, primarily sparsely vegetated by coastal strand plants; the remnant dune backs up to concrete bulkhead or cultivated lawns, and thus has little sand budget to utilize except for periodic extensions from offshore that remain highly ephemeral and influenced by tidal and wave height factors. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Upland native coastal vegetation nearly completely obliterated except for some dune strand. Vegetation replaced by landscaped species. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal artifacts found on beach in vicinity of Central Avenue. See cultural/historic sUu$ary. Fish and Wildlife: Little to no sea turtle nesting. Resource Values: Low to medium due to retained dune areas and recreational access. Threats: Loss of recreational beach and dune due to shoreline recession. Comments: Every effort should be made to retain remaining dunes and prevent further structural encroachment. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 26 1885-1927: +1.4 1927-1952: -3.5 1952-1962: -4.5 1962-1973: -1.3 1973-1981: +0.4 Mean Rate: -1.5 27 +1.7 -0.2 +0.6 -4.4 +4.4 +0.4 107 Ke~rshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : Net Change: 18 19 - 82. 1 - 41.1 - 88.8 - 83.2 -127.6 -154.3 -197.6 - 43.3 -496.1 - 321. 9 Migrational History: Accretion prior to 1950, follo~ed by erosion during the 1950-1960's, with extensive accretion occurring again after 1970. The accretio~-erosio~-~c:r~tic~ ;2C~~~:~ has ?:cdLce~ a corE ': :ess =2:a~:ec s~cre:~n€ gro~th. ~~€ reversa~ in trend from accretion to erosion coincided with seawall construction in Olde ~aples after 1950. Migrational Rate: None presently, but stability cecreasing Predicted Migrational Future: Stable and recessional; subject to change Comments: The Naples area ~as hit very hard by Hurricane Donna, and the tracks of at least 15 major storms have crossed over or near Naples, including the great 1947 storm. Four major storms produced record storm surges, these occurring approxi~ately every 25-30 years from 1878 onward. STORM HAZARDS F[}(.A Evaluation Transect No: 14 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 9.0 ~ave Crest Elev (ft.): 10.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, at the intersection of 2nd Avenue North and Gulf Shore Boulevard North in Naples, east~ard across Naples Airport to a point approximately 3,100 feet east-northeast of the intersection of San Marco Boulevard and County Highway 856 in Collier County. 108 Hazard Potential: ~.A.~AGEMENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/IS HIGH. Continued sharp beach recession during storms, the limited setbacks, the age, condition and poor integration of adjoining seawalls present an immediate hazard during even moderate storms. Construction on foundation rather than on pilings has vastly increased the potential for major structural damage during hurricane tides or storm surges. Protect coastal vegetation and reconstruct dunes in segments 14-16. Overwalks and stairways, although present in some of the public access thoroughfares, should he constructed at all of them. A similar recommendation is made for stabilizing and protecting structures such as rock revetments or riprap. No encroachment of any "upla~d ~"cte.::tiGn st!:"1.lcture" s~,o'.lld be P-=t"1E:.tted sea*ard c: the existing vegetation line. Any ne~ structures must be designed to interact with natural beach processes. Repair of these struc- tures should be allowed only after alternatives for redesign or repositioning have been exhausted. Reconstruction of inhabited structures after major storm damage must be restricted to area behind a prohibitive setback line. 109 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS A~y C.:.rps Pr'Jriles ~'.:;; County BERM Transects No: County field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LAND O\<.'NERSHIP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Olde Naples 16 Naples Gordon River North Naples 4636 III NE 35 - 36 ..;..L, __... 28, 29 ACE 21 ACE 21: Photo station located 15 feet seaward form southwest corner of seawall. R-71 R-72 R-73 R-74 T-7S R-76 Benchmark Elev: 9.02 9.68 N/A 9.38 f.o/A 8.0 15 FEET 5320 N/A N/A FEEl PERCENT o o 5320 100 o o COffiffients: Street end public access points not measured separately. 110 LA}iD USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 5320 100 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 0 0 Comments: Moderate to high density residential construction, in part bulkheaded along berm line and onto foreshore in places. Street end beach access points not measured. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Se~ent w/c CCCL: I % Development Seaward CCCL: 96 ~~ximum Intrusion (ft.): 100 Comments: Setbacks range from 60-175 feet. Beach access points not measured. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 3370 63.3 w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: 890 16.7 Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 1060 19.1 Other Structures: Two groins. Comments: Naplies pier is in this segment. Trend toward placing riprap in front of seawall will probably continue. III PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: South Gulfshore Blvd Number of Access Points: 15 Location: Gulf side end of each cross street Parking: yes Recreational Value: Fair to good. Although berm is not persistent the beach is relatively wide, supports limited coastal strand vegetation, and has good access, with on-street parking. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized and Altered Coastal Headland C~a~acte~ist:cs: 5c~:t ci :0C:G~3 Pass, t~e gec=opr:lcg:: C~~~6~S E~om ba=rier-lagoo~al coast to coastai headlands with attached barrier spits. Prior to development this segment possessed a narrow (150 ft) barrier ridge backed by salt marsh, mangrove and coastal hardwood forests. Land clearing and topographic modification began in North Naples in 1950's. The City pier, constructed first prior to 1950 of long timber pile is about 2000 feet long. Beach Width (ft.): 56 65 Dune/Washover Width (ft) None 80 Transect No: 28 29 Dune Characteristics: Essentially non-existent except for limited dune plants seaward of riprap/seawalls. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Native coastal vegetation almost entirely replaced by landscaped species. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Little to no sea turtle nesting. Resource Values: Low to medium due to public recreational beach and soree dunes. 112 Threats: Less of recreational beach between shore recession and seawalls. Comments: Efforts should be made to replant native dune vegetation where possible. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 28 1885-1927: +1.8 1927-1952: +0.4 1952-1962: -3.7 19'::>1973; .... ~ -..:;.- 1973-1981: +0.9 Mean Rate: -0.8 29 +3.1 0.0 -2.6 -" Q J. / -3.3 -0.7 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: 20 21 - 26.7 -217.6 + 1.2 - 89.1 + 81.0 - 31.1 - 92.0 -203.1 - 36.6 -541. 7 +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Accretion prior to 1950, follo~ed by erosion during 1950-60's. this in turn followed by extensive accretion. Migrational Rate: -3.0 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Stable to recessional; overall erosion rate probably not offset by minor accretional episodes. Comments: Seawall construction coincides with reversal of early trend from accretion to erosion in 1950-1960 period. 113 STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect z.,;o: IS Stillwater E1ev (ft.): 9.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 9.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 200 feet north of the intersection of 14th Avenue South and Gulf Shore Boulevard North in Naples, eastward across Naples Bay to a point approxi- mately 2,700 feet east-northeast of the intersection of Unity Way and State Highway 84 in Collier County. ~2:ar~ ?ote~t:2:: ~~t~ ~~~v.~ L:- :.-: =,~~:-: -: =~ ~ E':2- ::~.': . ~,c :.c::: s e af"..' a 1: E a~e c~er 3~, yea~5 old a~~ the:r collapse could upset neighboring bulkheads. Seawall age, condition and integration poor. Residential homes built on foundations rather than pilings. Storm surge damage would be extremely high. MANAGEMENT Recommendations: Similar to previous segment. Riprap rock and revegetation would aid in beach stabilization by enhancing dune formation. See previous segment comments. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FO~~/16 114 BEACH SEGME~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DP_:A STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: 17 North Port Royal Naples Gordon River Naples South, 4636 III SE 37 - 38 22, 23 30, 31 R-79, R-83 R-77 R-78 R-79 R-80 R-81 T-82 R-83 16, 17 FEET 6400 K/A N/A 115 Benchmark Elev: 8.69 7.01 N/A N/A K/A N/A N/A ,..,"-, ~""""'~""'~_;'''''''''''-__'-''~_""''.'''''J~_-'-_,,,,,_",,(~,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"_,",,-,,",,,,,,", LA:-~D Ow'NERSHIP FEET PERCEI"T Publ ic : 0 0 Private/Developed: 6400 100 Private/Undeveloped: 0 0 Comments: Beach access points not measured. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 6400 100 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 U:L€:' - :r:r:e:--~-:c.i : - Open Land: o o Comments: DEVELOPED. Essentially low density residential construction, single family homes on foundation structures, mostly built in the 19S0-60's. Ground level build up reached as much as 6 feet in some areas. The area was stabilized in part by the timber and riprap groins. At present some 76% of the shoreline has been altered by these constructs. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 91 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 75 Comments: Construction setbacks range from 80-200 feet above MHW, being wider to the north. Seaward structures include both buildings and seawalls/riprap. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCE!"T w/o Riprap: 2080 32.5 w/ Riprap: 430 6.7 115 Revetments Buriec: 0 0 Exposed: 2410 37.6 Non-Stabil ized Shorline 1480 23.1 Other Structures: Ten (0) groins Comments: Three long timber pile groins, and seven rock pile groins were constructed prior to 1950, as was 1600 feet of seawall. By 1981, over 50% of the segment was stabilized using Some 3500 feet of seawall. Seawall and groin construction continued southward during the 1950's and by 1982, approxi- mately 4000 of 6000 feet had been bulkheaded or had groins emplaced. ?~=~IC ES~CH ACC~SS Access/Exit Route: Gordon Drive & South Gulfshore Blvd. Number of Access Points: 3 plus beach walk Location: 18th Ave S Parking: 32 & 33rd Ave S 21st Ave S is beachwalk on road Recreational Value: Fair to good. Notation as before. These beaches receive a great deal of passive public recreation during the winter tourist season. There is a persistent berm and a coastal vegetation strip from 30-170 feet wide which is better developed on the north half and more spotty in the south. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized and Altered Coastal Headland and Spit Characteristics: Similar to previous segment. The Port Royal segments make up in geological perspective a southward-growing spit fed by erosional sands from the Naples headland. The pre-existing barrier averaged 200 feet wide, and prior to clearing and filling supported a coastal forest and a broad expanse of mangrove swamp along the backside. 11 7 Beach ~idth (ft.): 84 75 I:ur.e/Washover '..;idth (ft) 90 80 Transect No: 30 31 Dune Characteristics: Limited (north) to non-existent (south). CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Except for limited remaining coastal strand, most native coastal vegetation replaced by landscaped species. Cultural/Historic: Redeposited aboriginal artifacts found in vicinity of 18th Avenue South. See cultural/ historic notes. Fis~ 3~C ~:::life: L::t_2 t: ~: S~2 :crt:€ ~2st~~g. Eesource Values: Low to medium due to public recreational beach and some dunes. Threats: Loss of recreational beach between shoreline recession and seawalls. Corr~ents: Efforts should be made to protect remaining dunes. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 30 31 1885-1927: -1.2 -3.5 1927-1952: +3.2 +0.2 1952-1962: -1.6 -0.6 1962-1973: +0.8 +0.8 1973-1981 : +2.2 +3.8 Mean Rate: +0.7 +0.1 118 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Prof ile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: 22 23 - 56.6 - 76.6 + 47.7 3.4 + 20.0 + 64.4 - 73.3 - 15.5 - 62.2 - 24.3 Migrational History: Erosion early in the century, accretional fluctuations during middle of century prior to 1950, followed by recession during 1950-60's, again cta~ging to t~~2r accreti0~ after 197C_ Migrational Rate: +1.1 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Accretional to stable; continuing small scale accretion unless severely altered. Comments: This segment shares many features with Olde Naples, including high density residential development very close to the active beach area. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 16 17 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 10 11 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 11 12 Location: 16 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, at the intersection of Galleon Drive and Gordon Drive in Naples, eastward across Naples Bay to a point approximately 1.2 miles north- northwest of the intersection of County Highway 864 and County Highway 951 in Collier County. 119 Hazard Potential: MA.~AGEMENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/17 17 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 400 feet south of the intersection of 33rd Avenue South and Gordor. Drive, eastward to a point approximately 500 feet east of Gordon Drive. MODERATE. Wide setbacks, preservation of some natural vegetation and the effects of timber pile groins aid in mitigating hazard. In the southern section the hazard may become high to severe. Primarily revegetation management with concomitant ove~'alk construction, or pe~anent paths to avcid - - . . ... -, -- ~ ... - -.. .. ~ ,.., "\_"~... ~..':::'- .._~ The ~~')~:e= ~~ 3a~:~:3~ =cc~i~i ha~ser at~ach~e~t5 also nee~ to be addressed. Other recommendations as in previous segments. 120 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment l\ame: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STA.TIO~S Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects ~o: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: South Port Royal 18 Naples Gordon River Naples South 4636 III SE 38 - 40 24, 25 32, 33. 34 A-21 Photo station located 15 ft. seaward from southwest corner of seawall. R-84 U-85 T-86 T-87 R-88 R-89 Benchmark Elev: N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 18 FEET 6250 530 2540 from north line 121 Lr_\D O"'~ERSH IP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: 4750 76 Private/Undeveloped: 1500 24 Comments: Private beach front lots being built on and filled relatively fast. L&~D USE (Based on 1984 REDI Maps) FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 4750 76 Mult i-Family: o o ~.':': e i.. . ~<~ ~ e: : Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 1500 24 Comments: DEVELOPED. Low to ~edium density single family residential. Open land is land that has not yet been built on. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DKR Atlas amended by REDI Maps) % Segment w/o ceCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 88 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 110 Comments: Building setback ranges from 40-120 feet landward of MHW. See previous segments (#14-16). SHORELIKE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCL~T w/o Riprap: 3830 61.0 w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: 200 3 Exposed: o o 122 Non-S t ab il ized Shoreline: 2220 36 Other Structures: 29 groins Comments: Non-functional groins should be removed. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: South Gordon Drive Number of Access Points: o Location: N/A Parking: N/A Recreational Value: Hazardous to fair. An impersistent berm, and sea~alls often exposed during spring or storm tides. Closely spaced groins may offer n2z3rd d~~~~2 =er~,:ds c: tig~ surf. ~0 p~~:~: a~cess Fer S~~ COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized, altered barrier spit Characteristics: Much altered, with little contiguous coastal vegetation, although scattered clumps appear toward the south. Numerous groins interrupt beach area. Beach Width (ft.): 41 78 59 DunejWashover Width (ft) 80 75 100 Transect No: 32 33 34 Dune Characteristics: Dunes when extant very low to almost non- existent. Spotty dune vegetation, and much of this not able to function in any positive stabilizing manner. Casuarina forest at south end of segment. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Except for minor dune areas native coastal vegetation replaced by landscaped species. 123 Cultural/Historic: Erod:~g aboriginal ~ite in the form of a large ~hell mound o~ce existed north of GorGon Pass. Shell m0und excavated is early 1900's and used to build roads. See cultura1/ historic notes. Fish and Wildlife: Little to no sea turtle nesting. Resource Values: Low owing to no access to recreational beach and nearly nonexistent dunes. Threats: Loss of beach by shoreline recession. Comments: Trend to place riprap in front of seawalls will probably continue. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~~GE E~csi:~ Rate ~2231;~e~~~:5 (~t. Transect ~o: 32 1885-1927: -2.0 1927-1952: -0.1 1952-1962: -0.2 1962-1973: +0.4 1973-1981: +7.3 Mean Rate: -1.7 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: 33 +4.4. -2.4 -0.7 -3.9 +3.4 +1.1 (1885 - 1970) 24 + 35.5 + 94.3 +283.0 +253.1 +665.9 34 +4.3 -0.5 -2.9 -1.7 0.0 -0.2 25 41.1 + 147.6 + 689.3 + 260.8 +1138.8 124 Migrational History: Relatively stable prior to 1950. Erosion occurred and proceeded at the greatest rate during the 1960's. Some structural stability gained by groin placement. Migrational Rate: -0.3 feet/year, with increasing stability Predicted Migrational Future: Stable to fluctuating or recessional; presumably more or less stable Comments: Maintenanced dredged and filled in 1950's and 1960's. This segment shares many features with the previous segment #16 (q.v.). STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Tra::sect No: 18 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 11.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 12.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 1,200 feet north of the intersection of Cutlass Lane and Gordon Drive in Naples, eastward across Naples Bay to a point approximately 4,000 feet east-northeast of the intersection of County Highway 864 and County Highway 951 in Collier County. Hazard Potential: SEVERE. Seven long seawalls exposed at high tides and frequently to storm tides, plus closely spaced groin fields, discourage natural beach processes from operating. Moderate to intense storms could contribute to seawall failure. House construction on foundations instead of pilings would increase hazard severity. MANAGEMENT Recommendations: Seawall conditions must be carefully examined, and alternatives to misalignment be considered after heavy damage has occurred. The volume of the ebb-tidal delta at Gordon Pass should be monitored and the location of dredge disposal be adjusted accordingly. Other recommendations similar to that of previous segments. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/18 125 Coastal Barrier 5. Kee~aydin ~sland Over the long term (1885 tc 1981) the northern extreme of Keewaydin Island exhibited an accretional trend. Some of the accreting sand was supplied from a north-south drift divide that occurred approximately 0.75 miles south of Gordon Pass. The disposal of dredged sand on north Keewaydin Island in 1962, 1967, 1970, and 1979 supplemented the sand supply by adding approxi~ately one million cubic yards to the nearshore zone on the south side of the pass. As a result of an unbalanced equi- librium created by artificial beach nourishment in 1960, approximately 380 feet of beach eroded over the short term (1962 to 1973). A 2-mile stretch of beach immediately south of the drift divide has undergone continual erosion since 1885. Numerous tidal passes have opened and closed along this segment. The most recent in this area (John's Pass) closed by overwash and infilling of the throat during the 1930's. This segment could again become a tidal pass site in the near future if erosion continues at the present rate. Central and south Keewaydin Island have benefited over the past hundred years from the erosion occurring to the north. Central Kee~ayci~ =s:and gre~ sc~~h~ar~ c~€r :.5 ciles c~r:~~ t~~ s~=e ~eric~. r-.-~~ ..c............- ra: en-:: c~ 2::' a:.:re::>.g :";::i: is ::':::i::21.ly the -.;icest. As the spit continues to grow, erosion will begin to occur in the vicinity of the previous termini. This effect is apparent on south Keewaydin where, since 1962, approxi~ately 200 feet of erosion has occurred along a 1.5 mile stretch of beach directly north of the accreting spit. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for Keewaydin Island unit is excerpted from the Flood Insurance Stud: ~ave Hei ht Anal sis--Collier Count, Florida, Unincor orated Areas (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From the southern corporate limits of Naples to just north of Big Marco Pass, waves with heights of up to 8.5 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. The waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast north of Little Marco Pass. South of Little Marco Pass waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue inland for approxi- mately 0.5 mile where they are diminished by rising ground elevation and vegetation. Moving inland, waves with heights up to 4 feet are expected to regenerate across Rookery Bay and Johnson Bay. These waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation along the eastern shoreline. Wave heights of up to 2 feet are expected at smaller inland water bodies where sufficient fetch exists. These waves will also be rapidly diminished by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation. ~:aximum wave crest ele':ations are 17 feet at the open coast shoreline, 15 feet at the eastern shore of Rookery Bay, and 13 feet at the eastern shore of Johnson Bay and at the eastern shore of other similar inland for approximately 3 miles with the tidal surge elevations of 9 or 10 feet continuing inlar.d for approximately 3 2oditional miles for this reach. 126 Beach, Dune and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Keewaydin Island coastal b~rrier unit is approximately 7.9 miles long. Of this stretch, 16% of the Dune/Washover Zone is Native Coastal Strand, dominated by native grasses and shrubs; 28% is Invaded Coastal Strand with Casuarina in various stages of community invasion and dominance; 46% is in Exotic Forest, with Casuarina in nearly monotypic condition; and 10% is Ornamen- tal Landscape, typically sod and ornamental plants. In the Keewaydin Island coastal barrier unit, the average width of the beach and dune zone is 371 feet, and the average setback of land development activities from the mean high water line is 350 feet. This translates to an average reduction of 6% of the beach and dune zone width as a result of develop- ment. 127 BEACH SEC~ENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Ar~y cc:~~ ?r~file~ \c: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LA.'iD Oi-.'NERSH IP Public: Private/)eveloped: Private/Undeveloped: Korth Keewaydin Island 19 Keewaydin Island ~ater Management No. 6 Naples South 4636 III SE 41 - 42 -. 29 _. .-.' 1 35, 36 None KIA R-90 R-91 R-92 R-93 19 FEET 4110 N/A N/A FEET 0 1300 2810 Benchmark Elev: N/A N/A N/A K/A PERCENT o 32 68 128 Comments: Low density commercial devel~pment with 1960's cottagc- type foundations structures (known as the Keewaydin Club). Negotiations are underway to purchase undeveloped portions using CARL funds, and adding these to Rookery Bay Sanctuary. LA.~D USE FEET P ERC ENT Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 1300 32 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 2810 68 Comments: Private club. Area remains undeveloped. CCCL ~~D DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: o % Development Seaward CCCL: l'one Maximum Intrusion (ft.): None Comments: CCCL line on active beach in 1979 is most likely now in surf zone. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET P ERC ENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 4110 100 Other Structures: Gordon Pass jetty at north end of segment. Rebuilt in 1983-84. Two small rock groins occur near club. 129 -'-11. ''IIlI.~r-:r """W'''''___''_"'''''','~'''_'''''"_'''''''''' Co~ments: No plans for further stabilization at present. Artificial sea~eed project set out as experiment in 1983. PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Ey water only Number of Access Points: Cnlimi ted Location: Entire segment Parking: No Recreational Value: Good. A wide unspoiled beach with 40-150 feet berm, but public access is by boat only. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Tide influenced inlet rr.argin Cc; a.:" 2: t € =-:. s: i C 5 : Australian pine forest. A 1200 foot marginal rock groin built in the late 1950's. ~C~. rE~Lr~ed t~a~~ rl~ge5 t2d\"ily . . . 1~,'..-a-:2;: C:? Beach Width (ft.): 194 93 Dune/\""ashover \.,'idth (it) 180 310 Transect t\o: 35 36 Dune Characteristics: Area heavily invaded by Casuarina but much native dune vegetation remains. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Upland dominated by Casuarina but native coastal hammock and scrub still extant. Area around the club has been selectively cleared of native and exotic vegetation. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and ~ildlife: Active sea turtle nesting. Gopher tortoises found in upland. Resource Values: Despite Casuarina invasion, undisturbed state and natural beach gives this segment high resource value. Threats: Major threat is the continued expansion of the Casuarina forest and the concOQitant loss of native species. 130 Corr~ents: Although a monumental task, experiments should be undertaken to determine best way to eliminate Casuarina. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 35 1885-1927: +8.6 1927-1952: +20.6 1952-1962: +21.3 1962-1973: -41.3 1973-1981: -1.6 Me aI" ' - i\a:e: + .1...) 36 +3.4 +1.8 -1.9 +31.8 +18.6 -lU.. I' Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 28 29 + 104.3 + 51. 1 + 289.7 + 109.9 + 834.7 + 371.8 + 166.5 + 170.9 +1395.2 + 703.7 Accretion occurred adjacent to the pass from 1885 to about 1950. Hassive erosion occurred thereafter and was related to groin emplacement. Accretion has occurred continuously in the southern half of the segment. Predicted Migrational Future: Primarily accretional and continuing +8.3 (18.7) feet/year and accelerating 131 ~.-;-/?_~ HAZARDS FEMA Eva1uat ion Transect No: 19 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 11.0 ~ave Crest Elev (ft.): 13.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 3,000 feet south of Gordon Pass in Naples, eastward across Dollar Bay to a point approximately 1.2 miles north-northwest of the intersection of County Highway 864 and County Highway 951 in Collier County. Hazard Potential: EXTREMELY HIGH TO SEVEF~. Nat~ral or ~. . # :':'~:'-:':-.'::...:cec ::.-...~::-.f:es l.r'~ :~;e :-..e.a:- S:-c'r-e .:o-..~ the shoreline. ~e5pcnslt~e :cr ~2ssive f:~ct~atiGns i~ l'I".A.'\AG EMENT The undeveloped portions of this segment have beer. classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in [nit P16, Kee~aydin Island. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Any future development in this area should be of low impact, stilt cottage construction as far away from beach as possible. Property owners should be encouraged to remove Casuarina and retain all native dune and beach barrier vegetation. No structural stabilization of the shore should be undertaken. ~~ers should be warned of hazard potential prior to any construction. BL~CH S EGXE~;T DATA FORM/l9 132 BEACH SEGME~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles ~o: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: Lri.t.;D OWNERSHIP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: John's Haulover 20 Keewaydin Island Water Management No. 6 Naples South 4636 III SE 42 - 44 30 37, 38 None N/A R-94 Benchmark Elev: N/A R-95 N/A R-96 N/A R-97 N/A R-98 N/A 20 FEET 5060 100 Former site of John's Pass FEET PERCENT 0 0 0 0 5060 100 Comments: ~egotiations underway for acquisition of this land by CARL program. 133 LA.\D USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Mul t i-F amily: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 5060 100 Comments: No structures present. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: o ~ D~\.el.:~~e~: S~a~dr'~::C~: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: In area around former pass CCCL is the new landward edge of coastal barrier. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o wi Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 5060 100 Other Structures: Ncr.e Co~ents: No shoreline stabilization structures should be allowed on the beach. 134 PfELIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By water only Number of Access Points: Cnlimited Location: Entire segment Parking: ~o Recreational Value: Fair to poor. The narrow (less than 20 feet wide) beach is littered with fallen Australian pines. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Historical Tidal Pass Characteristics: A single overwashed beach ridge 50-100 feet wide, vegetated by mangrove, small patches of coastal strand vegetation ard Austra:iar pine. Su=erccs tidal passes have existed i~ this segn:ent, the last one being John's Pass which closed in 1940. Beach Width (ft.): 71 60 Dune/,^ashover width (ft) 120 180 Transect No: 37 38 Dune Characteristics: Heavily invaded by Casuarina b~t native dune species still exist. CP-t..RACTERIST ICS Vegetation: Uplands dominated by Casuarina but native coastal species also found. Cultural/Historic: Potential aboriginal or Spanish site near John's Pass. See cultural/historic summary. Fish and ,^ildlife: Active sea turtle nesting. Gopher Tortoises found in uplands. Resource Values: Despite Casuarina invasion, undisturbed state and natural beach gives this segment high resource value. Threats: Loss of beach by shoreline recession. Comments: Major threat is the continued expansion of the Casuarina forest and the concomitant loss of native species. 135 HI STOR lCAL MAl.YS ES OF SHORELINE CH.AJ\GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 37 1885-1927 : +3.3 1927-1952: -4.7 1952-1962: -18.0 1962-1973: +1.8 1973-1981: +4.9 Mean Rate: +2.5 38 +1.4 -4.7 -14.3 -9.0 -4.4 -6.2 Nearshore Volu:!1etric cra"'"cgec; (yd3) (138S-l970) ro. IT: Y Corps Prcfile Sc: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : 30 - 491. 7 - 541. 7 -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: - 450. 7 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: 32.2 Net Change: -1516.3 Migrational History: Massive erosion occurred after closing of John's Pass in 1940. Since about 1973, accretion has been the trend. Migrational Rate: +1.0 to 9.9 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Accretional and continuing STORM HAZARDS FiliA Evaluation Transect No: 20 Still'Water Elev (ft.) : 11.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 17.0 136 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 1.1 miles south of Gordon Pass in Naples, eastward across Dollar Bay to a point approximately 1.2 miles northeast of the intersection of County Highway 864 and County Highway 951 in Collier County. Hazard Potential: SEVERE. Complete overwash of the barrier ridge occurs seasonally. Formation of emphemeral tidal passes could take place at least 4 places along this segment. MANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources Sv~, ~m Act. It is included in :'~:-:i: ~. r ""'. ,.. ........' J ...... ........,. ~eewa~'a1n is~an=. This Act prc~i~:t~ the use of most Federal fu~ds (e.g., financial assistance for ne~ uti:it~ 2 j transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Development in this discouraged because tidal pass history. should be permitted area should be strongly of narrow barrier width and past No stabilization structures on shoreline. 3EACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/20 137 .'. '~'.m~__".___.._"'" if' If. "f(" lit BEACH SEG~E~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Kame: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: ::"A T A 57 PO_-=-: ':'~ ~ Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DKR Transects No: .. FE~~ Transects No: Central Keewaydin Island 21 Keewaydin Island Water Management No. 6 Naples South 4636 III SE 44 - 48 31 , 32, 33 39, 40, 41, 42 Kone K/A R-99 Benchmark Ele\': KIA R-100 6.25 R-101 6.10 R-I02 5.94 R-I03 6.66 R- 104 6.51 R-I05 6.42 R-106 7.00 R-I07 8.01 R-I08 7.46 R-109 7.04 R-I10 6.64 R-lll 7.05 R-112 7.48 R-113 7.90 21, 22, 23 132 LL'-.JGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 14,360 Minimum Width: 270 Minimum Width Location: North beach segment. LAND OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: 14,360 100 Private/Undeveloped: Comments: Part of area private/developed with houses; other part with no houses and thus private/undeveloped. Impossitle to separate accurate:y. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: see coounents Multi-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 14,360 100 Coounents: A number of small beach houses are scattered in the south part of this segment. Air photos not available for measure- ment so they are grouped into open land category. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: CCCL line runs longitudinally through coastal barrier through much of this segment. 139 SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-S tabilized Shoreline 14,360 100 Other Structures: None Cc,;rrr:e:tts: ~: s~;crel::.'>:--: s:=.::_::'=2.t:c~ :5t:"cct'...::-es s~-:Lld ce ;"_~:-=.::.:-::: or:. tielS seg:::e:-:t. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By water only Number of Access Points: Unlimited Location: Entire Segment Parking: None Recreational Value: Good. A 20-100 foot wide berm and an unspoiled beach inaccessible except by boat. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Parallel Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: A narrow barrier 200-350 feet in width. A ccc:plete barrier over..ash occurred in the ncrth sector in the 1950's, and the resultant deposits were colonized by Casuarina during the 1960-70's. The south sector supports a 100-150 feet wide coastal hammock. with a narrow band of Australian pine forest separating the former from the Gulf of Mexico. Beach ~idth (ft.): 94 63 80 80 Dune /T,..Tashover ~idth (ft) 170 165 190 150 Transect No: 39 40 41 42 140 ! I Dune Characteristics: Casuarina dominates foredune area throughout segmen t. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Casuarina covers most of this segment upland in the north but becomes more restricted to foredune area as it goes further south. Well developed coastal hammock and scrub occurs landward of foredune area in south segment. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic notes. Fish and Wildlife: Active turtle nesting area. Gopher tortoise also encountered. Resource Values: Extensive native communities and restricted Cas~arina invasion gives this se~e~t a very ti~t resource value~ Threats: ~~jor threat is the continued expansion of the Casuarina forest and the concomitant loss of native species. Comments: Although a monumental task, experiments should be undertaken to detercine the best ~ay to eliminate Casuarina. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 39 40 41 42 1885-1927: +5.0 +6.1 -0.8 +2.7 1927-1952: -1.8 +12.5 +6.7 +7.8 1952-1962: +1.5 +4.5 -1.2 -7.1 1962-1973: -9.4 -4.9 +2.0 -3.3 1973-1981 : -6.8 0.0 -2.2 +10.0 Mean Rate: -2.3 +3.6 +1.2 +2.0 141 ~earshore Vo:umetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Arr;;y Corps Profile ~o: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -IS Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 31 32 33 +55.5 -17.8 -2.2 + 1 34 . 3 +4.4 -31.1 +223.1 -68.8 -109.9 +4.4 -11.1 -31.1 +408.5 -93.3 -174.3 Fluctuations have occurred in the erosional/accretional trend of this segment, with an overall longterm trend of frequent small changes. The north has recently beeD eroding and the south S2C~2~ acc~~::~g4 Predicted Migrational Future: Variably accretional +9.3 to 15.7 feet/year and accelerating Comments: At the southern end of the segment a recurved ridge indicates the location of the relict southern tip of Keewaydin Island, perhaps several hundred years old. STORM HAZARDS FEYu\ Eva 1 ua t ion Transect No: Stillwater Elev (ft.): Wave Crest Elev (ft.): Location: 31 22 23 11.0 11.0 11.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 21 From the Gulf Of Mexico coastline, approximately 1.9 miles south of Gordon Pass in Naples, eastward to a point approximately 2,000 feet east-southeast of the intersection of County Highway 864 and County Highway 951 in Collier County. 22 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 3.2 miles south of Gordon Pass in Naples, eastward to a point approximately 5,000 feet east-southeast of the intersection of Sable Palm Road and County Hibh~ay 951 in Collier County. 142 23 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 4.2 miles south of Gordon Pass in ~aples, eastward across Rookery Bay to a point approximately 2.3 miles southwest of the intersection of 62nd Avenue and Miller Boulevard in Collier County. Hazard Potential: HIGH. It is expected that the accretional trend seen over the last century will slow considerably or stop altogether in the near future. ~.ANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is :rcludec in [pit P16, Keevaydin :sla~c. Tnis Act prohib:ts the use c: ~c~t Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for r-e~ utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Any future development in this area should be of low impact, stilt cottage construction as far away from beach as possible. Property owners should be encouraged to remove Casuarina and retain all native dune and beach barrier vegetation. No structural stabilization of the shore should be undertaken. ~~ers should be warned of hazard potential prior to any construction. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/21 143 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: South Keewaydin Island Number: 22 Coastal Barrier Unit: Keewaydin Island Coastal Management Unit: Water Management No. 6 USGS Topo Quad: Naples South 4636 III SE Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 48 - 50 rA:..~.. S:A.TIC~.:5. Army Corps Profiles No: 34 County BERM Transects No: 42, 43, 44 County field Stations No: None Locations: fi/A DNR Transects No: R-114 R-115 R-l16 R-117 R-118 R-119 R-120 R-121 Benchmark Elev: 8.53 5.23 5.42 4.54 3.88 4.47 4.10 3.97 FEMA Transects No: 24 LENGTH AND T,.;IDTH FEET Length: 8080 Minimum T,.;idth: N/A Minimum T,.;idth Location: N/A 144 LMD O\.,:NERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 0 0 Private/Developed: 8080 100 Private/Undeveloped: Comments: Have both private/developed and private/undeveloped. Impossible to measure each on air photos. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: see comments Multi-Family: o o Hetel/Motel: o r \J Other CCTrrercial: o o Open Land: 8080 100 Comments: Small beach houses scattered throughout. Low density zoning with single family piling-built structures (12-15) and 27 lagoon-side docks present in 1981. Setbacks range from 15 feet in an extreme case seen in both sectors to others at approximately 250-350 feet above MHW. Since houses take up such a small area predominant land use is open land. CCCL &~D DEVELOPMLNT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Sea.....ard CCCL: 1 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 100 Corrments: This house .....as on the beach in 1984 and plans are underway to remove the structure. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Sea.....alls FEET FERCE.~T w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o 145 .. llIIb.4 l__If!I_."_" .i;IlIU'"_w'_""....,..-.__".._._'"..~^_ Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shore line 8080 100 Other Structures: t\one Comments: No stabilization structures should be built on this segment. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By water only ~u~ber of Access Pci~ts: L~::::::itec Lo~a~i0~: E~:i~E segrrEDr ?dr~::..:-:g; ~one Recreational Value: Good. An unspoiled beach with a 20-80 feet berm, but with access only by boat. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE It\VENTORY Type: Parallel Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: This segment was formed as a southerly extended spit of Keewaydin Island. A central ridge nearly 5 feet high extends al~ost the entire length of the segment. Except for a narrow band of Australian pine on the Gulfside the se~ent is vegetated extensively by a coastal hammock community. Beach ~idth (ft.): 96 109 58 Dune/Washover \<.'idth (ft) 250 300 300 Transect No: 43 44 45 Dune Characteristics: Narrow fcredune land dominated by Casuarina. 146 CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Aside from a narrow gulfside band of Casuarina entire segment vegetated by native coastal species. Very well developed coastal hammock present. Area around the club has been selectively cleared of native and exotic vegetation. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Active sea turtle nesting. Gopher Tortoises found in upland. Resource Values: Despite Casuarioa invasion, undisturbed state and natural beach gives this segment high resource value. Threats: Major threat is the contl~~ec ~x~a~sion c= t~e Casua~i~a fcrest and :he cc~~ccita~t :c;; or r~tive species. Comments: Although a monumental task, experiments should be undertaken to determine the best way to eliminate Casuarina. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 43 44 45 1885-1927: +5.0 +8.3 0.0 1927-1952: +2.8 +3.0 +18.7 1952-1962: +1.0 +15.8 +4.2 1962-1973: +4.3 +2.2 -1.7 1973-1981 : +4.7 +2.0 +0.5 Mean Rate: +3.6 +6.3 +4.3 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd 3) 0885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: 34 -395.2 -73.2 6.7 +89.9 - 38 5 . 2 147 Migrational History: Accretion occurred almost continuously since 1885 but has decelerated con- siderably since 1970. Migrational Rate: 1.7 feet/year and decreasing Predicted Migrational Future: Slowing accretion STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 24 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 11.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 17.0 ~o:a.:i:r:: ~-,~~ the G~:~ of ~exic0 c:a5:~:~2J a;~~2xi~ate:) ~.~ miles ~~=:t or Dlg Marco Pass, eastward across Rookery Bay to a point approximately 2.7 miles northwest of the intersection of 92nd Avenue and Miller Boulevard in Collier County. Hazard Potential: M("DERATE TO HIGH. An accretional trend and relatively wide barrier ridges limits the hazards in this segment. MA.".jAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit P16, Keewaydin Isla~d. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coasta~ barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Preserve established setbacks; encourage vegetational management; remove A~stralian pines; establish a~d rraintain narrow isolated foot trails. BEACH SEG~E~T DATA FO~~/22 148 BEACH SEGME~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Hu rricane Spit Number: 23 Coastal Barrier Unit: Keewaydin Island Coastal Management Unit: Water Management No. 6 USGS Topo Quad: Naples South, 4636 III SE Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 51 - 52 DATA STATIONS A~y Corps Frofiles ~c: 35 County BERM Transects No: 46, 47 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: R-122 R-l23 R-124 R-125 R-126 R-127 Benchmark Elev: 4.27 3.72 4.17 4.04 4.06 3.62 FEMA Transects No: 25 LENGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 7000 Minimum Width: 300 Minimum Width Location: Near north segment line. LAND O\o."NERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 7000 100 Co~ments: Ownership in question; no detailed maps available. Area predominantly undeveloped. 149 Lr~;D USE FEET PERCDa Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other COnnIlercial: 0 0 Open Land: 7000 100 Comments: Small beach houses at a few locations and some lagoon-side docks. Area mostly open land. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Seg~e~t w/c CeeL: r; D2~'elo?~~~t Sea~Er: -r-~ L....... ',_ -.: Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 COnnIlents: CCCL closer to beach in this segment. SEORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o ...il Riprap: o o Revetrr,ents Buried: o o Exposed: o o Kon-Stabilized Shoreline: 7000 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No shoreline structures should be constructed in this segment. ISO PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By water only Number of Access Points: Unlimited Location: Entire segment Parking: None Recreational Value: Good to excellent. A wide unspoiled beach having 20-200 feet wide berms adjacent to the pass. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Recurved Barrier Island Spit Characteristics: An accretionary spit formed since 1930 with low elevations, usually under 5 feet in he~ght. Coastal s:=lnc vege:atio~ is es~a~:!shed O~ the highe= ridge and C~ acc~eted land. Australian pi~es have colonized the shore n~~ly Beach Width (ft.): 251 169 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 700 575 Transect No: 46 47 Dune Characteristics: Native dune species found in newly accreted areas. Casuarina invading. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Coastal hammocks and Casuarina forests on former accretional ridges, and salt marsh and salt meadow vegetation in open areas between ridges; native foredune and supratidal berm species on newly formed south end. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic su~~ary. Fish and ~ildlife: Active sea turtle nesting on whole segment. Sea bird nesting on south end. Resource Values: Lo~ due to no access to recreational beach and nearly nonexistent d~nes. Threats: Loss of beach by shoreline recession. Comments: Trend to place riprap in front of sea~alls will probably continue. 151 HISTORICAl, AI';ALYSES OF SHORELINE CHA..t.;GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 46 1885-1927: +9.2 1927-1952: +14.8 1952-1962: -11.5 1962-1973: -18.6 1973-1981 : -3.8 Mean Rate: -2.0 47 N/A N/A N/A N/A -34.8 N/A ~earS:10r€ Vcl''':I.et~ic: C1-ta~~ge.s lyd3) (12SS - 19~C) Army Co~p~ ?ro~ile So: , ~ ~-' +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: + 330.8 -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: + 484.0 -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: + 728.2 -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: + 274.2 Net Change: +1817.2 Migrational History: Growth of the spit slo~ed during the late 1960-1970's at which time a trend reversal occurred from stable accretional to erosional. Migrational Rate: -0.5 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional; increasing erosion ~ith possible ephemeral inlet formation leading to eventual breakup of island. 152 STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 25 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 11.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 17.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approximately 2.5 miles north of Big Marco Pass, eastward across Johnson Bay to a point approximately 2.4 miles west-southwest of the intersection of 92nd Avenue and Miller Boulevard in Collier County. Hazard Potential: SEVERE. The low elevatior.s, young geophysica: age, anci large effects of tidal ir.fluerces or. the segment suggest that c:asti~ i~~ctuations of the shoreline are probable. MANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit P16, Keewaydin Island. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Seawall conditions must be carefully examined, and alternatives to misalignment be considered after heavy damage has occurred. The volume of the ebb-tidal delta at Gordon Pass should be monitored and the location of dredge disposal be adjusted accordingly. Other recommendations similar to that of previous segments. ~~nagement will need to address possible ephemeral pass formation during storms. No development should be permitted on active south end. BEACH SEG~LNT DATA FORM/23 153 .n the K!~~~y~in Isl~nd co~st~l barrier unIt. the averSge ~idth ot the beach j~ne zone IS 371 teet. and the averege setback of lend develooment ~ctivities from the me~n hi9h ~ater line is 350 feet. THis tr~nsl~tes to an ~veraQe reduction at 6\ of the beech and dune zone ~idtv as a result of develooment. Future oredictions for the Kee~eYdin Coastal barrier Unit indic~te that decreased stability is oroiected for south central KeeweYdin ~nd the trend of ~rosion Dresent alonQ the north Dortion of the island will orobablv soread south~ard in the near future. In addition. s~trm b-e~c~in; ~:onq t~~ rortr =.'-: s.:~t.. :~-.:-~.. -. - ... .,. . "'" ... - -.- '.......... ~ a_ :,... : : e:: .. ~ " ..... .- ':::~>:T1.::!-: .: - :: s : :: # ~ ~ _ v ... 5:: .. ": ... ~ in shorelines at the adiacent beeches. l'Ianege.eni Kee~avdin Island has been classified as an undevelooed coastal berrier under p,L. 97-343. the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System A::t. This Act crohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistnace for ne~ / ~tility and tranSDortion addition. as of October 1. 1984. no Federally IC~ subsidized t~od insurance coverage is available tor any coastal barriers :lassitied as such. At oresent, the State ot Florida is also considerinQ ;imilar restrictions on State financial assistance tor oroiects on or to Federally classified undevelooed coastal barriers. /'I ~D~~~eJ:l L tte_c~~~f] d ~_t-Loll =reserve established setbacks: enC0~raqe ve;et~tlc-e. mara;ement: remove A~stralian oines: esteblish end m21ntain narrow islca~ed foot trails, 13 Coastal Barrier 6. Coconut Island Shoreline Change. Once 3.8 miles long, Coconut Island was breached by storms at one location and at another in 1965. The accreting south end of Keewaydin Island overlapped the historic northern segment of Coconut Island by growing around its leeward side. The northern segment of Coconut Island was later renamed Little Marco Island. The remnants of Coconut Island presently comprise two small barrier islands, north Coconut and south Coconut, which total approximately 1.5 miles in length. Coconut Island has been the site of continuous erosion since 1885. The shoreline of north Coconut Island receded approximately 1,200 feet since 1885 without any significant periods of accretion occurring during this time. From 1973 to 1981 north Coconut Island receded as much as 200 feet or over 20 feet per year, making it one of the fastest naturally eroding areas in Collier County. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for the Coconut Island unit is excerpted from the Flood Insurance Studv: Wave Hei ht Anal vsis--Collier CountV'. Florida, Unincor""'orated Are'd.:!- (?EMA 1982) (Coastal Ma~age~ent Atlas, Page 11). From just north of Big Marco Pass to approximately 1.8 miles north of Caxambas Pass, waves with heights of up to 9 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. These waves will be rapidly diminished to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast. In the area surrounding Collier Bay, waves ~ith heights greater than 3 feet will continue inland until they are reduced to less than 3 feet in height by bulkheads, buildings, and rising ground elevation at the eastern and southern shores of Collier Bay. The bulkheads are expected to remain intact during the lOO-year storm surge. Moving inland, waves with heights up to 4 feet are expect- ed to regenerate across Tarpon Bay, Big Marco Pass (inland), and East Marco Bay, and waves with heights up to 3 feet can be expected to regenerate across Addison Bay. These waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by vegetation and rising ground elevation along the eastern shores. In addition, wave heights of up to 2 feet can be expected at McIlvane Bay and other similar inland bays and watercourses where sufficient fetch exists. These waves will be rapidly reduced by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation. Maximum wave crest elevations are 19 feet at the open coast shoreline, 15 feet at Collier Bay, 13 feet at Tarpon Bay, Big Marco Pass (inlar.d), and East Marco Bay, 12 feet at McIlvane Bay, and 11 feet at Addison Bay. Wave action continues inland for approximately 0.5 mile with the tidal surge elevation of 9 feet continuing for approximately 1 additional mile for this reach. Beach, Dune and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Coconut Island coastal barrier unit is approximately 2 miles in length. Of this stretch of coast 38% is Native Coastal Strand, dominated by native grasses and shrubs, and 62% is Mangrove Forest, with an understory consisting of grasses and succulent herbs. 154 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: ~OTE: Sea Oat/Coconut Island 24/25 Coconut Island Group Water Management No. 6 Marco Island, FL 4635 I NW 53 - 57 This segment is made up of a group of coastal c2r:-iers kr>::w;: as the C2CC~ut ls:a~d Gro~~. Starti~g frcrr t~e scu~~, t~2 ~5~ands Sccth CCCOnL[ !s:and, Scrth Ccco~ut Isla~d) Sea Ca~ :5:2~d, and Cannon Island, are separated by the Isles of Capri Pass which opened in the late 1960's. Sea Oat Island is actually the name applied to the new sand spit formed in the north that now connects north Coconut Island to Cannon Island. Cannon Island is a former Gulf-fronting barrier sheltered from wave action by Keewaydin, Little Marco, and Coconut Islands. It is part of this segment by virtue of its attachment to Sea Oat Island. In the future, as more information is connected, this composite beach segment will probably be divided. DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LlliGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum ~idth Location: 37, 38, 39 48, 49, 50 None K/A None 26 Benchmark Elev: K/A FEET 2900 300 Just south of point where Sea Cat Island joins Cd~non lslanc. 155 LAS: OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 2900 100 Comments: One house present 15-20 feet landward of MHW. On north Coconut Island a caretaker house is present in the upland hammock on Cannon Island. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: See Comments Multi-Family: o o Eotel/Motel: o r '- Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 2900 100 Comments: Essentially undeveloped except for two houses. Cannon Island and part of Sea Oat Island currently being planned for development as a weekend residential and recreational club. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100 % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): ~/A Comments: No CCCL established for these islands. SHOR~LINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o 156 Revetments Buried: 0 0 Exposed: 0 0 Non-Stabilized Shoreline: 7900 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No stabilization structures should be permitted on this segment. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By water only S~~be~ c~ A:~ess PCi~~5: ~ > ... . ~ :-"_..... ::r: :.. t -e : Location: Throughout Parking: None Recreational Value: High; a wide unspoiled beach to the north with public access by boat. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Arcuate Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: The Coconut Island Group is made up of a series of long, recun'ed beach ridges that are now connected to Cannon Island. The islands are vegetated with mangrove forests on the bay sides a~d in the low swales and a scrub- mangrove-salt flat association on the ridges and intermediate elevations. Coastal hammocks are fc~~d on the higher ridges, the greatest areal extent occurring on Cannon Island. A large spit forms a connection between North Coconut Island and Cannon Island, and although very low in elevation supports grasses, succulents and Casuarina. Beach Width (ft.): N/A 31 44 Dune/Wc;.shover Width (ft) ~/A 1 CiO 60 Transect No: 48 49 50 Dune Characteristics: Dune zone non-existent in the south due to rapid ecosion of beach a~d berm. l~ the ncr:h, the wide berm colonzied by native dune species and scattered Casuarina. 157 CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: See coastal barrier and dune characteristics above. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Potential sea turtle nesting on new spit near north end but not on eroding areas to the south. Resource Values: The largely unaltered ridge/runnel uplands, new wide beach near north end and extensive hardwood hammocks on Cannon Island make this segment very high in resource value. Threats: Continued erosion in the south and loss of native habitats due to development and/or Casuarina cclcniz3ticn. Corr~ents: Casuarina should be remcved from new northern beach. Development plans should be carefully scrutinized to insure steps to minimize adverse impact. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 48 49 50 1885-1927: N/A -6.3 -10.7 1927-1952: N/A -4.2 -3.6 1952-1962: N/A -48.0 -23.8 1962-1973: N/A -17.2 -15.8 1973-1981: N/A -14.8 -27.6 Mean Rate: N/A -18.1 -16.3 158 "._'.'-~"--"""'"-'__~'___'"",_M~;" .'.._ .....-,"___'"_._,.._..."_"''"'.,,,'''''',.,...,.w.~"' Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885 - 1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -IS Ft. to -20 Ft. : 37 38 39 - 125.5 - 619.4 +471.7 + 677.1 - 363.0 + 203.1 + 572.8 + 206.5 + 236.4 + 273.1 + 82.1 0.0 Net Change: +1397.5 - 693.8 32.2 Migrational History: Except for spot growth on both the north and south ends of the islands, and the relative stability on Cannon Island proper, massive erosion has occurred s.:.:"'.ce 1925.. Capri Pass ~as fC!l:.EC \,,'ber: t~e i5:a~~ s:~:: l~ t~c, b€t~ee~ :9~S 2~:~ ~ :-!: 'j . Migrational Rate: -17.0 feet/year; no noticeable recent changes Predicted ~Qgrational Future: Erosional with eventual coalescence or disappearance of Coconut and Sea Oat Islands. Continously eroding (since 1885) the shoreline of Coconut Island has receded nearly 1200 feet with little significant accretion during this time. It will remain one of the fastest eroding islands in Collier County. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 26 Still~ater Elev (ft.): 11.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 17.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline, approxi~ately 1.2 miles north of Big Marco Pass, east~ard across Johnson Bay to a point approximately 3.3 miles north~est of the intersection of U.S. Highway 41 and State Highway 92 in Collier County. 159 Hazard Potential: SEVERE on all but the stable upland portions of Cannon Island. Massive unremitting erosion and low elevations have created extreme hazards in the majority of this segment. All portions of the segment would be susceptible to substantial flooding during a severe tropical storm. MANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit P16, Keewaydin Island. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for prc:ects on or to Federally classified ~~ceveloped cc~stal barriers. Reconunendations: Construction on this segment should be strongly discouraged except for the Cannon Island uplands. There, limited construction is possible but all details should be carefully reviewed to guarantee that this unique island is not subjected to adverse impact. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/24/25 160 Coastal Barrier 7. Marco Island Shoreline Change. Shoreline changes along Marco Island have been extremely variable. Changes in position of the shore have generally exceeded 300 feet since 1885. The inlet shoreline on the south side of Big Marco Pass (north Hideaway Beach) has eroded 300 feet since that date. This recession was a result of the shift of the main ebb channel to the south, i.e., against north Marco Island. The continued erosion of south Coconut Island, which protects north Hideaway Beach from direct wave attack could cause increased recession in the future. The position of the northwestern Marco Island shoreline has fluctu- ated widely in response to the changing shape of the ebb-tidal delta at Big Marco Pass. Between 1885 and 1962 the northern 1.75 miles of Marco Island received sand released from the ebb tidal delta and accreted 900 feet. Since 1962, however, north Marco Island has become the site of massive, pervasive erosion. Shoreline recession rates ranging from 30 to 40 feet per year have occurred there since 1962. These rates have not been exceeded anywhere else in Collier County. The shoreline of north centra: ~arco Island has shifted both land- ward a~d seaward since 1885. Tte area is current:y in an erosional p:-:ase, having €rocec 215 :eet si'Lce :962. A 700 feet long seawall which was constructed in the central portion of the sector in the early 1970's has exacerbated erosion in the area. In the period from 1973 to 1981 some 60 feet of erosion has taken place. Coastal strand vegetation on either side of the seawall was cleared during the mid 1970's to allow development. Consequently, the seawall daily became more exposed to wave swash, causing increased wave reflection and turbulence. This, in turn, increased erosion during storm periods. Approximately 40 feet of recession occurred north of the seawall in a matter of hours during the "no name" storm of June, 1982. The central 1.5 miles of Marco Island has accreted steadily since 1885. The southern half-mile of the island has, however, been eroding since 1927. This southern area of erosion was limited to the extreme southwestern tip of Marco Island until the mid 20th century when the trend of erosion began to spread northward. Increased erosion of the south part of the island was related to the construction of a seawall "compound" directly adjacent to Caxambas Pass in the early 1950's. Three profiles were surveyed on Marco Island to determine shoreline changes between 1973 and 1981 (Fig. 2). Korth Marco Island (DNR profile R-136) receded 100 feet during this period. The beach was relatively more stable during the past 10 years along south central Marco Island (profile R-144). The location of the mean high water line did not change along this part of the beach, although the backshore grew approximately 1.5 feet in elevation owing to the accumulation of sand during storm overwash. The extreme southern end of Marco Island has eroded between 20 and 50 feet since 1973 and an existing scarp became steeper during that t ime . Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for the Marco Island unit is excerpted from Flood Insurance Study: Wave Height Analysis--Collier County, Florida, (nincorporated Areas. (FEMA 1982) (Ccastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From just north of Big Marco Pass to approximately 1.8 miles north of Caxambas Pass, waves with heights of up to 9 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the 161 MARCO ISLAND G. MHW_~-----------~-- - ---- ---- R-136 -- --- 10 5 MSL 200 100 o H. MHW_ _/ /----~ -./ 200 100 I. MHW -_/Q ~ -' ...--- - --_/ ./" -- -- ,1C ,-"'"1_ > \._- 15 R -14~--I"Sl .... o 10 5 T -148 MSL 200 100 o KEY Beach Profiles l---~ 1973 E----3 1982 Figure 2. Comparative topographic profiles, south Collier County: 1973 to 1982. 1 .:: -J fr 3:' -... /./ -j~~ R \~ ~~r 8~ ~ ~{~ G_\ \~~ I . '" H_} ( I_~ :.'\ 't Cape Ao,"" ~no Miles CJiIL __ .. _ .. o 1 2 3 , 5 Gulf of Mexico. These ~aves will be rapidly diminished to less than 3 feet by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast. In the area surrounding Collier Bay, waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue inland until they are reduced to less than 3 feet in height by bulkheads, build- ings, and rising ground elevation at the eastern and southern shores of Collier Bay. The bulkheads are expected to remain intact during the 100-year storm surge. Moving inland, waves with heights up to 4 feet are expect- ed to regenerate across Tarpon Bay, Big Marco Pass (inland), and East Marco Bay, and waves with heights of up to 3 feet can be expected to regenerate across Addison Bay. These waves will be quickly reduced to less than 3 feet by vegetation and rising ground elevation along the eastern shores. In addition, wave heights of up to 2 feet can be expected at McIlvane Bay and other similar bays and watercourses where sufficient fetch exists. These waves will be rapidly reduced by dense vegetation and rising ground elevation. ~a.'(imUlr .ave crest elevations are 19 feet at tbe open CGcst s~or€line, 15 :eet at Collier Pay, 13 feet at ~ar~o~ 3ay. Big Marco Pass rin:a~~ , and Edst Marcc Bay, :: feet at McIlvane Bay, and 11 feet at Addison Bay. Wave action continues inland for approximately 0.5 mile with the tidal surge elevation of 9 feet continuing for approximately 1 mile for this reach. From approximately 1.8 miles north of Caxambas Pass to Grassy Bay, waves with heights of up to 10 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. These waves will be quickly diminished by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast. At Caxambas Pass, waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue across Caxambas Bay where they are diminished to less than 3 feet by vegetation and rising ground elevation. Moving inland, waves with heights of up to 4.5 feet will be regenerated across Barfield Bay. Again, rising ground elevation and vegetation will quickly reduce these waves at the eastern shoreline. In addition, ~ave heights of up to 2 feet will be found at Roberts Bay, Grassy Bay, and other similar bays and watercourses where sufficient fetch exists. These waves will also be quickly reduced by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the eastern shorelines. Maximum wave crest elevations are 20 feet at the open coast shoreline, 17 feet at Caxambas Bay, 16 feet at Barfield Bay, and 15 feet at Roberts and Grassy Bays. Wave action continues inland for approximately 0.3 mile with the tidal surge elevations of 10 to 12 feet continuing for approximately 1 additional mile for this reach. Beach, Dune and t~ashover Zone Characteristics. The Marco Island c)astal barrier unit is approximately 5.2 miles in length. On this stretch of coast 9% is Kative Coastal Strand, dominated by native grasses aGd shrubs; 22% is Invaded Coastal Strand with Casuarina in various stages of cOffiDunity inv2sion and do~inance; 4~ 1s Exotic Forest, ~ith Cast.:arir:a ir; r.ear ::lOnot~-pic conditicr.; and 64::; is Crnamental Landscape, typically sed and ornamental plants. In the Marco Island coastal barrier 163 unit the average width of the beach and dune zone is 251 feet at North Marco Spit, and 180 feet at Central Marco Beach. The average setback of land development activities from the mear. high water line is 20 feet at North Marco Spit and 150 feet at Central ~~arco Beach. This translates to an average reduction of 92% and 17% of the beach and dune Zone width, respectively, as a result of development. 154 BEACH SEGME~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Hidea~ay Beach North Number: 26 Coastal Barrier Unit: Marco Island Coastal Management Unit: Belle Meade USGS Topo Quad: Marco Island 4635 I NW Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 57 - 61 ::~::'. S1AIUNS Army Corps Profiles No: 42 County BERM Transects No: 51, 52, 53 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: None Benchmark Elev: N/A FEMA Transects No: 27, 28 LENGTH ~\~ WIDTH FEET Length: 8650 Minimum Width: 450 Minimum Width Location: At Berm Transect No. 52 Lfu'm O\..'N ERSH IF FEET PERC ENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 8650 100 COIrJI;ents: Platted for futt;re single and multi-facily development. Some constrLcticr- ~~3 begun but majority of the site is undeveloped (not possible with existing air photos to differentiate between categories). 1 C, c; -""- 'j _! LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: See CC::lJllents Multi-Family: See Ccrra:nents Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 8650 100 Comments: Majority of Hideaway Beach PUD still open land. Some single and multi-family already started but not mapable. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment w/o CCCL: 97 % Deve12pmenr Seaward CeeL: SiA ~~ximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: Portion of Hideaway Beach fronting Marco Pass not covered by CCCL. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline: 8650 100 Other Structures: Ncne Comments: No shoreline stabilization structures anticipated at present. 166 P~BLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: SR 951 & Kendall Drive Number of Access Points: None Location: f../A Parking: ~c Recreational Value: Narrow sandy beach along much of the inlet but not available to public access. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Inlet-influenced Pass Margin Characteristics: A wide truncated beach ridge, supporting a coastal hammock. Elevations mostly less tr6ar-. 5 f~et.. Beach Width (ft.): N/A N/A 34 Jure;::! ;';a..s:-,C;c: Width (ft) N/A N/A 80 Transect No: 51 52 53 Dune Characteristics: Typical dune zone near southwest end of segment but beach fronted by hammock and wetland vegetation further to the northeast. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Hideaway Beach spit is colonized by a mixture of tropical and temperate coastal hardwood hammock species. This vegetation type restricted to coastal areas south of Gordon Pass. Although effort is being made to protect native plants, many will be lost during development. Spit is backed by man- grove wetland and transitional brackish marsh. Cultural/Historic: European shipwreck artifacts vicinity of Big Marco Pass. historic summary. found in the See cultural/ Fish anG Wildlife: Sea turtle nesting only near the southwest end, if any. Resource Values: Relatively undisturbed nature of upland coastal vegetation b~t restricted public access makes t~is segment of medium to high value. 167 Threats: Loss of native coastal vegetation by developm~nt activities and erosion of beach particularly near the mouth of Big Marco Pass. Comments: Every effort should be ~ade to protect native coastal hammock species and to retain sufficient construction setback from water. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 51 1885-1927: N/A 1927-1952: +0.8 1952-1962: -4.1 1962-1973: -0.3 1973-1981: -0.9 Mean Rate: -1.1 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 52 53 N/A -3.2 +4.5 -3.8 -10.3 +:.3 -3.1 -8.2 0.0 -3.0 -2.4 -3.2 (1885 - 1970) 42 + 219.8 +1238.8 + 434. 1 - 143.2 +1749.5 Slo~, relatively persistent erosion since 1885, related to inlet throat migration. -0.1 feet/year and increasing Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional, presumably continuing depending on hydrodynamics of Big Marco Pass. 168 STCJR.~ HAZARDS FIMA Evaluation Transect No: 27 28 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12 12 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19 19 Location: 27 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at Big Marco Pass, eastward across Tarpon Bay to a point approximately 2.4 miles west of the intersection of 112th Avenue and Everglades Boulevard in Collier County. 28 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at ~arco Island, approximately ::,C':JC :ee~ s:-.utr: c: Big ~..arcc Pass, e35:~a~~ 2cr23S Cc:::er 3ay and Bear Point Cove to a point approximately 3.3 miles east- northeast of the intersection of U.S. Highway 41, and State Highway 92 in Collier County. Hazard Potential: SEVERE. Further inlet throat migration could cause accelerated erosion. MA."1AGEMENT RecolIunendations: Encourage retention of native vegetation in unaltered natural areas. Ensure sufficient setback of structures from water line, especially toward the southeast end near the cun:e in Big Marco Pass. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/26 169 DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: r::;',TA S:-..i.IIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET Tigertail Beach 27 Marco Island Belle Meade Marco Island, 4635 I NW 62 - 64 43 54, 55, 56 R-132 DNR monument R-132 is located in backdune area approximately 1100 feet north of Tigertail Beach access boardwalk and 400 feet east of the water line. T-128 T-129 V-130 R-131 R-132 T-133 R-134 Benchmark Elev: N/A N/A 6. 12 5.23 4.21 3.90 4.55 28. 29 FEET 6750 100 Old Clam Pass inlet, now closed 1 70 UJ\D Ow'NERSH IF FEET PERCENT Public: 3838 57 Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 2912 43 Comments: Public property owned and managed as Tigertail Beach County Park. Private property is platted single family lots in Hideaway Beach PUD. LAND USE FEET P ERC ENT Single-Family: see comments Mult i-Family: o o H ':- t e =- ;' ~L: tel ~ Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 6750 100 Comments: Southern 3838 feet of beach segment is used as a passive County beach park. Remainder of segment is privately owned by Hideaway Beach Development interests. Roads have been emplaced but very little single family construction has taken place. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) ~{ Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: Only intrusion is by beach access walkways and public streets. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o 171 Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 6750 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No future shoreline stabilization envisioned. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Hernando Drive, Tigertail Blvd.. Kendall Drive, SR 951 ~~mber of A~cess Poi~ts: Location: Hernando Drive Parking: Yes Recreational Value: The southern portion of this beach segment is the major public beach park in southeast Collier County. The wide sandy beach is very heavily used. There is no public beach access in the private portion of this segment. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE I~VENTORY Type: Inlet-influenced Pass Margin Characteristics: Low narrow beach ridges separated by wide swales and wetlands, vegetated by coastal strand, mangroves and coastal hammocks. Beach Width (ft.): 80 84 96 Dune/Washover \'"idth (it) 200 SO 100 Transect No: 54 55 56 Dune Characteristics: Dune zone to south heavily invaded by Casuarina and damaged by pedestrian impact. Dune zone to north in much better shape, colonized by native species and Casuarina. 1 72 CEARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Beach segment is backed by substantial mangrove forest ~n south, diminishing to the north. Uplands vegetated by native coastal hammock scrub and dune species. A large area of the park has been invaded by Casuarina. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Potentially a sea turtle nesting area. Resource Values: Despite Casuarina invasion and visitor impact, this segment has medium to high resource value because of its wide public access beach and native upland and wetland vegetation. Proposed Casuarina removal and habitat restoration/protection program will yield a high reSGurc€ value for tl>is segrr.€Et :. 7". :.'~ ~ f ~~ t" '._ r -2 . Threats: Continued colonization by Casuarina and increased visitor impact. Comments: Plans are underway for a massive dune restoration and protection project at Tigertai1 Beach to remove Casuarina, replant native species, and build crosswalks and other structures to reduce visitor impact. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 54 55 56 1885-1927: +3.2 +17.4 +6.0 1927-1952: +39.5 -1.2 +22.1 1952-1962: -12.8 -21.2 -16.4 1962-1973: -38.8 -4.8 -17.4 1973-1981: -39.4 +15.6 -6.6 Mean Rate: +5.9 +1.2 -2.5 173 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -IS Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 43 + 32.2 +270.9 0.0 0.0 +103.1 Accretion occurred in the 1930-1940's related to the onshore migration and welding of sandbars from Big Marco Pass onto the beach. After 1950 massive erosion occurred at an accelerating rate. Clam Bayou has narrowed and migrated slowly north since lS85. Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional; continuing -lS.O feet/year and accelerating STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: Stillwater Elev (ft.): Wave Crest Elev (ft.): Location: 28 29 12.0 19.0 12.0 19.0 28 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at Marco Island, approximately 2,000 feet south of Big Marco Pass, eastward across Collier Bay and Bear Point Cove to a point approximately 3.3 miles east-northeast of the intersection of U.S. Highway 41, and State Highway 92 in Collier County. 29 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at Marco Island, approximately 1,000 feet northwest of the inter- section of Bayside Court and Seaview Court, eastward across Addison Bay to a point approximately 1.8 miles west of the intersection of U.S. Highway 41 and State Highway 92 in Collier County. 174 Hazard Potential: ~~AGEMENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/27 SEVERE. The dynamics of the ebb-tidal delta in Big Marco Pass control shoreline changes in this segment. Massive erosional fluctuations are likely in the future. Public area should be managed for use as a passive beach and nature appreciation park. Every effort should be made to minimize impact and to restore native vegetation. 1 75 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEl"A Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: North Marco Spit 28 Marco Island Belle Meade Marco Island 4635 I NW 64 - 65 None 57 T-136 Photo station located 118 ft. seaward of the northwest corner of the south end of the South Seas Condominium parking lot. CMT-135 T-136 T-137 T-138 Benchmark Elev: N/A N/A N/A N/A 29 FEET 4390 N/A North end. 1 76 LAND OWNERSH IP FEET PERCENT Publ ic: 0 0 Private/Developed: 4390 100 Private/Undeveloped: 0 0 Comments: Highrise condominiums line this segment. LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 3950 90 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 440 10 Comments: Only one vacant condominium lot still vacant. CCCL AND DEVELOP~T SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas) % Segment wlo CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 90 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 125 Comments: Intrusion by both buildings and seawalls/riprap. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT '.1/0 Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: 2200 SO. 1 Revetments Buried: 875 19.9 Exposed: 875 19.9 Non-Stabilized Shoreline: 440 10 Other Structures: Kane 177 Comments: Buried revetment is remains of South Seas artificial dune project. PGBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: SR 951 and Collier Blvd. Number of Access Points: o Location: N/A Parking: No Recreational Value: None COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized Barrier Spit Characteristics: A long, wide beach ridge plain grading down towards the north end of the segment, with elevations between 4 and 7 feet. The segment was vegetated with coastal strand vegetation and mangroves, but extensive site clearing, topographic modification and seawall con- struction occurred in the 1970's, especially in southern three quarters of the segment. Beach Width (ft.): 150 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 80 Transect No: 57 (These data now suspect) Dune Characteristics: Dune non-existent except near northern end where it was artificially rebuilt, and at vacant lot. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Nearly no native coastal vegetation remains. Most has been replaced by landscape species. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: No sea turtle nesting; minimal wildlife use. Resource Values: Low resource value due to destruction of native habitats; minimal beach and no public access. Threats: Continued loss of beach between shore recession and seawalls. 1 78 ~ Comments: Through CCCL variances County has attempted to provide for public walkways along top of seawalls where high tide beach has disappeared. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 57- 1885-1927: -0.7 1927-1952: +13.8 1952-1962: -4.3 1962-1973: +5.7 1973-1981: +5.7 Mean Rate: +4.0 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885 - 1970) Army Corps Profile No: None +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: N/A -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: N/A -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: N/A -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: N/A Net Change: N/A Migrational History: Accretion caused the northerly growth and widening of this spit prior to 1950. Since then, rapid erosion has occurred, with the rate accelerating after site clearing and seawall construction. Migrational Rate: -3.9 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional and continuing. 179 STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 29 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 12.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 19.0 Location: See previous segment Hazard Potential: EXTREMELY HIGH. A trend of erosion has been aggravated by the exposure of approximately 1500 feet of uninterrupted seawall to the daily swash of waves. Continued erosion is likely. MANAGEMENT Recommendations: Continue to encourage landward relocation and realignment of seawalls after storm damage and to require public seawall by-pass walk~ays where high tide beach is non-existent. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/28 180 " BEACH SEG~E~T DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: ~ t Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: NOTE: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: Central Marco 29 Marco Island Picayune-Camp Keasis Marco Island 4635 I NW 65 - 67 1979 beach segment map out of date. Does not reflect numerous condominiums built between 1979 and 1984. 44, 45 58 1-139, R-144, R-148 1-139: DNR Monument T-139 located near south beach path at Marco Island Residents' Beach. Photo station located 15 ft. seaward of monument. R-144: DNR Monument R-144 located near south edge of Hilton Hotel property on high ridge near large Casuarina tree. Photo station located 120 ft. seaward of monument. R-148: DNR Monurrent R-148 located in dune scoop just north of Point Marco revetment T-139 T-140 R-141 T-142 R-143 R-144 R-14S Benchmark Elev: 6.12 5.92 5.66 N/A 8.18 10.27 13.78 30 181 LE1'GTH AND \..'IDTH FEET Length: 7260 Minimum Width: N/A Minimum Width Location: N/A LAND OWNERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: 0 0 Private/Developed: 5985 82 Private/Undeveloped: 1275 18 Comments: Private/undeveloped as Marco Island Residents' Beach; and a vacant condominium lot. LAND USE (Based on 1984 REDI Maps) FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: 3735 51 Hotel/Motel: 2250 31 Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 1275 18 Comments: Open land, other than residents' beach, projected for development. Hotel/motel represents the Marco Marriott and Marco Hilton. Time-share clubs (e.g. Eagles Nest) grouped with multi-family. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas and 1984 REDI Maps) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 13 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 63 Comments: All buildings behind setback; intrusion is landscape wall seaward of Princess Del Mar, Prince, and Duchess Condo- miniums. Only open intrusions are elevated dune crosswalks. 182 SHORELINE STRUCTGRES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: 2880 39.7 w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: Non-S t ab ilized Shoreline: o o 4380 60.3 Other Structures: None Comments: Much of the beach segment is backed by undisturbed coastal dune. PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: SR 951 & Collier Blvd. Nu~ber of Access Points: None Location: N/A Parking: No Recreational Value: Little public recreational value because of no access but wide beach is excellent in terms of private recreational use. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Arcuate Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: A wide ridge plain vegetated by coastal strand plants, and having elevations slightly higher than the segments to the north and south, ranging fro~ 3-10 feet in height. The beaches in this segment were cleared and graded in the 1960's and early 1970. Approximately 2,200 feet of retaining wall was built in the central segment. A native coastal strand has been retained in the southern half of tr.e segment. Beach Width (ft.): 200 Dune/Washover Width (ft) o Transect No: 58 183 Dune Characteristics: The majority of the native dune zone (dominated by sea oats and salt meado. cord grass) is undisturbed in this segment. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Except for the remaining dune all other native upland vegetation has been cleared and/or replaced by landscape species. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Sea turtle nesting likely Resource Values: Although wide beach and good dune exists, loss of other upland native habitats and lack of public access makes this segment of medium resource value. Threats: Loss of dune by pedestrian impact and reduction of beach by shoreline recession. Comments: Every effort should be made to enhance and protect existing dunes. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 58 1885-1927 : +2.7 1927-1952: +18.8 1952-1962: -5.6 1962-1973: +13.1 1973-1981 : +6.3 Mean Rate: +6.4 18,; Kearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: (1885 - 1970) 44 45 + 324.1 + 189.8 + 293.1 + 255.3 + 337.4 + 117.2 + 195.4 + 196.5 +1150.0 + 759.3 Army Corps Profile No: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -IS Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: A relatively steady trend of accretion has prevailed during the past 100 years. Erosion during the 1960-1970's was probably related to the extensive clearing of native stabilizing vegeta- tion. Migrational Rate: +5.1 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Accretional and continuing. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 30 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 13.0 Wave Crest Elev (ft.): 20.0 Location: From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at M2rco Island, approximately 1,200 feet southwest of the intersection of Spruce Avenue and North Collier Boulevard, eastward across Landmark Waterway and Big Marco River to a point approximately 2.3 miles southwest of the intersection of l.S. Highway 41 and State Highway 92 in Collier County. Hazard Potential: MODEP~TE TO HIGH. A trend of accretion moderates the erosion hazard although the potential for severe flooding over the low elevations of Marco Island is always present. 185 MANAGEMENT Recommendations: County should strongly encourage enhancement and restoration of existing dune zone and the construc- tion of elevated crosswalks. No other structures should be allowed seaward of the CCCL on this segment. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/29 186 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles ~o: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LMD O\o.'NERSH IF Pu b 1 i c : Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: South Marco Beach 30 Marco Island Picayune-Camp Keasis Marco Island 4635 I NW 67 - 68 46 59, 60 R-148 DNR Monument R-148 located in dune/scoop area just north at the Point Marco revetment. Photo station located 40 ft. seaward of monu~ent. R-146 R-147 R-148 R-149 Benchmark Elev: 6.10 11.78 9.96 N/A None FEET 2820 N/A N/A FEET PERCENT o o 1170 41 1650 59 Comments: Vacant land is undeveloped condominium lots. 187 1.A.'\D USE (Based on 1984 REDI Maps) FEET PERCENT Sing le-F arnily : 0 0 Mu It i -F arnily: 1170 41 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 1650 59 Comments: Land use in vacant land will most likely be multi-family condominiums or time-share units. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK (Based on 1979 DNR Atlas and REDI Maps) % Segment w/o CCCL: 0 % Development Seaward CCCL: 0 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 0 Comments: Only intrusion is the dune restoration project at Seawind and crosswalks at other condominiums. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Sea\o.'alls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline: 2820 100 Other Structures: ~one Comments: Dune restoration project has been undertaken at Seawind, the southernmost condominium to date. 188 PLBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Collier Blvd., SR 951 or SR 92 Number of Access Points: o Location: N/A Parking: No Recreational Value: Although there are no dedicated access points, numerous people park on vacant lot at south end and use the beach. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Inlet-influenced Pass Margin Characteristics: Low, wide beach ridge plain previously vegetated by a coastal strand, now completely cleared since the early 1970's. Beach Width (ft.): 59 95 Dur.e /io.'ashover Width (ft) 95 110 Transect No: 59 60 Dune Characteristics: Remnant coastal dune to the north but proceeding south most of the dune has eroded. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Aside from scatterd dune areas no native vegetation remains. It was cleared during early development and has been replaced by native and non-native "weeds" as ""ell as by landscaped species. Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic notes. Fish and Wildlife: Little or no sea turtle nesting. Little wildlife value Resource Values: Eroding beach and scarce dune zone makes this of low to medium resource value. Threats: Further loss of dune and beach by pedestrian impact and erosion. Comments: Every effort should be made to protect and enhance remaining dunes. 189 HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 59 1885-1927: +4.0 1927-1952: -20.6 1952-1962: -2.3 1962-1973: -4.4 1973-1981: -9.0 Mean Rate: -6.4 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -IS Ft.: -IS Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: 60 +1.3 -25.4 -37.3 -3.4 -16.1 -16.2 (1885 - 1970) 46 - 267.5 - 801. 4 - 314.1 11. 1 -1394.1 Massive erosion occurred after 1930, and continued into the 1960-1970's as a consequence of seawall construction at Point Marco. Migrational Rate: -6.9 feet/year and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional and continuing. STORM HAZARDS FEYiA Evaluation Transect No: None Stillwater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): N/A Location: N/A 190 _--..__r"""tf .... Hazard Potential: HAl\AG EM ENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/30 Severe. Poor vegetation management enhanced the erosional trend in this segment and erosion is expected to continue. Protect dune resources and maximize building setback along south segment. 191 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects ~o: FEMA Transects No: L~GTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LA.~D OWNERSH IP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Point Marco 31 Marco Island Picayune - Camp Keasis Marco Island 4635 I NW 68 None 61, 62, 63 None None None 31 FEET 2210 N/A N/A FEET 0 2210 0 Benchmark Elev: N/A PERCENT o 100 o Comments: This area was seawalled and developed as a tracking station in the 1950's. It is noW' owned by a private developer. 192 LA.~D USE FEET PERCE~T -- Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 2210 100 Hotel/Motel: Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 0 0 Comments: Future plans include both multi-family units and a hotel/motel complex. CCCL ~~ DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: See note. % Development Seaward CCCL: 100 Maximum Intrusion (ft.): 362 Comments: The CCCL covers the Gulf side of Point Marco but not the inlet side. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: 2210 100 Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o t\on-S tab il iz ed Shoreline: o o Other Structures: None Comments: No plans at present for further stabilization of this segment. 193 PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Collier Blvd. & SR 92 Number of Access Points: None Location: N/A Parking: NQ Recreational Value: None - No beach and no access. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Stabilized Pass Margin Characteristics: Low cuspate foreland and recurved spit, sparsely populated with coastal strand plants. The shoreline was stabilized in 1958 by the construction of a low seaW'all "compound." Beach io.'idth (ft.): 190 66 38 Dune /Washover Width (ft) 88 55 55 Transect No: 61 62 63 Dune Characteristics: Dunes no longer exist anywhere along this segment. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: No original native vegetation remains on this se gtr'en t . Cultural/Historic: See cultural/historic notes. Fish and Wildlife: No sea turtle nesting possible. Resource Values: No beach and no native resources make this segment of low resource value. Threats: Further loss of sand and steepening of beach profile due to W'ave reflection. Comments: Changes during future development ~ay enhance this segment. 194 HISTORICAL ~~ALYSES OF SHORELINE CH~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 61 1885-1927: -1.5 1927-1952: N/A 1952-1962: +10.7 1962-1973: -19.8 1973-1981: +12.3 Mean Rate: +0.4 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: 62 63 -3.6 -1.4 +15.2 +2.2 -2.5 -5.3 -31. 7 -10.9 -12.8 -7.5 -7.1 -4.6 ( 1885 - 1970) None N/A N/A "KIA N/A N/A A trend of accretion during the late 1800's reversed to erosion in the mid 1900's. Local accelerated erosion is related to the presence of the seawall constructed around the point. -7.0 feet/year; no recent change in trend Predicted Migrational Future: Erosional and continuing. STORc'1 HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: 31 Stillwater Elev (ft.): 13.0 \.;ave Crest Elev (ft.) : 20.0 195 Location: Hazard Potential: MANAGEMENT Recommendations: BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/31 From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at Caxambas Pass, eastward across Barfield Bay and Goodland Bay to the eastern shoreline of Palm Bay in Collier County. SEVERE. Practically no natural beach remains in this segment. Revetments protecting upland property could be dislodged in a major storm. The entire offshore system should be carefully studied prior to any future attempts to further stabilize this area. Rock riprap at base of seawalls should be maintained periodically where rocks have been lost due to wave action. 196 Coastal Barrier 8. Kice Island Shoreline Change. Kice Island has receded steadily since 1885. On the average the shoreline eroded 400 feet over this period of time. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for the Kice Island unit is excerpted from the Flood Insurance Study: Wave Height Analysis--Collier County, Florida, Unincorporated Areas (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From approximately 1.8 miles north of Caxambas Pass to Grassy Bay, waves with heights of up to 10 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico. These waves will be quickly diminished by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the open coast. At Caxambas Pass, waves with heights greater than 3 feet will continue across Caxambas Bay where they are diminished to less than 3 feet by vegetation and rising ground elevation. Moving inland, waves with heights of up to 4.5 feet will be regenerated across Barfield Bay. Again, rising ground elevation and vegetation will quickly reduce these waves at the eastern shoreline. In addition, wave heights of up to 2 feet ~ill be found at Roberts Bay, Grassy Bay, and other similar bays and watercourses where sufficient fetch exists. These waves will also be quickly reduced by rising ground elevation and vegetation along the eastern shorelines. HaximuID wave crest elevations are 20 feet at the open coast shoreline, 17 feet at Caxa~bas Bay, 16 feet at Barfield Bay, aDd 15 feet at Roberts and Grassy Bays. Wave action continues inland for approximately 0.3 mile with the tidal surge elevations of 10 to 12 feet continuing for approxi- mately 1 additional mile for this reach. Beach, Dune and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Kice Island coastal barrier unit is approximately 2.4 miles in length. Of this stretch of coast, 11% is ~ative Coastal Strand, dominated by native grasses and shrubs, and 89% is Mangrove Forest, with an understory consisting of grasses and succulent herbs. 197 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Rice Island Number: 32 Coastal Barrier Unit: Kice Island Coastal Management Unit: Picayune-Camp Keasis USGS Topo Quad: Marco Island 4635 I NW Cape Romano 4635 I SW Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 69 - 73 DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: None County BERM Transects No: 64, 65, 66, 67 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: None Benchmark Elev: N/A FEMA Transects No: 32, 33 L~GTH M"TI WIDTH FEET Length: 16,000 Minimum Width: 350-400 Minimum Width Location: North 1300 feet of segment. LAND OI<.'N ERSH IP FEET PERCENT Public: 16,000 100 Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: o o Comments: Land transferred to the State by Deltona during early dredge and fill negotiations. 198 USD USE FEET P ERe ENT -- Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 16000 100 Comments: Island is undeveloped with no land use other than resource protection. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100% % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Xaximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: No CCCL established for Kice Island. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET P ERC ENT w/o Riprap: o o T,., / Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabi lized Shore line 16,000 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No shoreline stabilization anticipated due to land ownership status. 199 PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By \o.'ater Only Number of Access Points: Unlimited Location: Entire Segment Parking: No Recreational Value: Despite minimal sandy beach, recreational value is high due to open access and protected resources. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Single Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: A migrating, overwash ridge of less than 5 ft. elevation, 100 ft. wide, backed by an extensive mangrove swamp. Higher areas support patches of coastal strand plants and the ubiquitous Australian Pine. Beach Width (ft.): 60 53 49 49 Dune/Washover iolidth (ft.) SO 60 40 60 Transect No: 64 65 66 67 Dune Characteristics: Very little beach and native dune habitat in this segment because of recent shoreline recession. Where sandy areas exist, native species and Casuarina coexist. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Majority of island is mangrove wetland. Isolated upland contains native dune, scrub, and hammock vegetation. Cultural/Historic: Spanish artifacts have been found on Kice Island/Cape Ro~ano Complex shoreline. See cultural/historic su~~ary. Fish and Wildlife: Minimal sea turtle nesting due to lack of sandy beach. Resource Values: Extensive undisturbed wetland and upland system and open access gives this area a high resource value. Threats: Continued loss of beach resources due to disruption of Caxambas delta system. 200 Cowrrents: This area should remain in the preserve status. ~o need at present to provide public facilities. HISTORICft~ ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 64 65 66 67 1885-1927: -11.2 -1.5 -0.7 -5.2 1927-1952: -5.4 -2.9 -2.4 -1.4 1952-1962: -13.2 -11.5 -8.2 -2.8 1962-1973: -8.5 -10.2 -12.5 -16.2 1973-1981 : -2.6 -10.6 -8.1 -7.7 Mean Rate: -8.2 -7.3 -6.4 -6.7 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : None NiA N/A N/A N/A Net Change: N/A Migrational History: Shoreline in this segment has migrated eastward by the process of overwash, with rapid and persistent erosion occurring since 1885. Dickman Point is raesult of a minor accretionary episode that has taken place at the north end of the island. Migrational Rate: -7.2 ft./yr. with no apparent change in recent trend Predicted Migrational Future: Erosion, based on projected average rate, with continued large-scale erosion to the south, and possible enhancement of northern sector. 201 STOR.'1 HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: Stillwater Elev (ft.): Wave Crest Elev (ft.): Location: Hazard Potential: MAJ\AGEMENT 32, 33 13, 14 20, 22 32 Collier County - From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at Kice Island, approximately 6,500 feet south of Caxambas Pass, eas~ard across Horrs Island and Sugar Bay to a point approximately 1.7 miles northeast of the mouth of Blackwater River at B~ackwater Bay in Collier County. 33 Collier County - From the Gulf of Mexico coastline at Kice Island, approximately 2 miles south of Caxambas Pass, eastward across Helen Key and Tripod Key to a point approximately 2,500 feet north- northwest of the mouth of wbitney River at Buttonwood Bay in Collier County. SEVERE. Com.plete oven.rash of barrier ridge seasonally. This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit PIS, Cape Romano. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Maintain current status with no attempts to alter existing natural features. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/32 202 ... ... "~Jfll.Jo.. .IU~ "R~' Coastal Barrier 9. Morgan Island Shoreline Change. Morgan Island has experienced a history of erosion and sand redistribution since 1885. The trend along the northern half has been erosion and land~ard migration. This has resulted in a recession of 150 feet since 1927. The shoreline of the southern half of the Island fluctuated 300 feet landward and 200 feet seaward during the cyclic formation and destruction of an accreting spit. Tidal passes have periodically opened, migrated, and closed on Morgan Spit throughout the past 100 years. The existing, most recent, spit was formed during the 1960's. Based on the history of shoreline change in the area it can be expected that, as in the past, the spit will disappear during the passage of some future moderate to intense tropical storm. Beach, Dune and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Morgan Island coastal barrier unit is approximately 2.1 miles in length. On this stretch of coast 40% is Native Coastal Strand, dominated by native grasses and shrubs; 60% is Invaded Coastal Strand, with Casuarina in various stages of coremunity invasion and dominance. 203 BEACH SEG~ENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: North Morgan Island Number: 33 Coastal Barrier Unit: Morgan Island Coastal Management Unit: Picayune-Camp Keasis USGS Topo Quad: Cape Romano 4635 I SW Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 73 - 74 DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: None County BERM Transects No: 68, 69 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: ~one Benchmark Elev: N/A FEMA Transects No: None LENGTH AND WIDTH FEET Length: 5880 Minimum Width: 536 Minimum Width Location: 2310 feet south of north segment line LAND Ow'NERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 5880 100 Comments: Entire beachfront is in private ownership but at present there is no development along this segment. The interior wetlands and upland on Romano Island lying 1000 to 1500 feet east of the shoreline, are owned by the State of Florida. 204 LfSD USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Mu 1 t i-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 5880 100 Comments: Open land at present but single family use possible under current zoning. CCCL AND DEVELOP~~NT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100% % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: No CCCL was ever established for this segment. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT W'/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Kon-Stabilized Shoreline 5880 100 Other Structures: None Comrr.ents: No future shoreline stabilization should be considered because of special treatment zoning designation on this segment. 205 PUBLlC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: Water Only Number of Access Points: L'n limit ed Location: Entire Segment Parking: ~o Recreational Value: High recreation value due to undisturbed nature of area and open sandy beach. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Parallel Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: Low overwash fan backed by extensive man- grove swamp. Beach Width (ft.): 43 90 Dune/io.'ashover Width (ft) 100 150 Transect No: 68 69 Dune Characteristics: Limited dune development has occurred on the overwash berm. Although native species predominate. Casuarina has colonized many areas. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Y4jority of island is mangrove wetland. Isolated uplands contain native dune, scrub, and hammock vegetation. Cultural/Historic: Spanish artifacts have been found on Kice Island/Cape Romano Complex shoreline. See cultural/historic sUmffiary. Fish and Wildlife: Sea turtle nesting probable along this segment. Resource Values: Extensive undisturbed wetland and upland system and open access gives this area a high resource value. Threats: Continued colonization of berm/dune system by Casuarina. Potential future development impact. Comments: Detailed ground resource survey to be conducted as time permits in the near future. 206 HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE C~~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 68 1885-1927 : -3.7 1927-1952: +0.6 1952-1962: +10.2 1962-1973: -11.0 1973-1981: -16.2 Mean Rate: -4.0 69 -1.0 -6.3 +8.5 -2.4 -8.4 -1.9 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft. : -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: None fe/A N/A N/A N/A Net Change: N/A Migrational History: Erosion has accelerated since 1960. A complete overwash occurs during moderate to intense tropical storms. Migrational Rate: -6.3 ft./yr. anc accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Erosion; presu~ably will continue. STORM HAZARDS fEMA Evaluation Transect No: None Stillwater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): N/A Location: N/A 207 Hazard Potential: HIGH. A low elevation and an accelerating erosional rate produce transient shoreline conditions. , MA.~AGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348. the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit P1S, Cape Romano. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: There should be a close scrutiny at any proposed site development of land alteration in this area. Every effort should be made to discourage con- struction at permanent structures due to high storm hazard, high shoreline migration rate, and lack of flood insurance. All proposed structures should be considered for temporary, short term use, and should be constructed on pilings and be designed to withstand severe storm wind and wave conditions. No minimum setback from beach should be achieved with a requirement that all rubble be removed following storm destruction. No stabili- zation of the shoreline should be attempted or permitted. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/33 208 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: South Morgan Island Number: 34 Coastal Barrier Unit: Morgan Island Coastal Management Unit: Picayune - Camp Keasis USGS Topo Quad: Cape Romano, Fl 4635 1 SW Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 74 - 77 NOTE: 1981 air photos on Atlas pages 75 and 76 do not reflect the opening of Morgan Pass in 1982 nor the complete loss of approxi- mately 2000 feet of sandy beach to the south between 1982 and 1984. DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: None County BERM Transects No: 70 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: None Benchmark Elev: N/A FEMA Transects No: None LENGTH AND \..'IDTH FEET Length: 3600 Minimum Width: N/A Minimum Width Location: N/A LAND O',.,'NERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 3600 100 209 Comments: Land is private o~~ership, subdivided and sold in the 1970's. Some of the southern interior mangrove islands owned by the State. L&"ID US E FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Multi-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 3600 100 Comments: Land subdivided for single family use but little construction activity has occurred to present. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100% % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): f./A Comments: No CCCL was ever established for this segment. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Bu ried : o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 3600 100 Other Structures: None Comments: No shoreline stabilization should be considered or permitted on this segment. 210 PCBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By \<Jater only Number of Access Points: Unl imi ted Location: Entire Segment Parking: None Recreational Value: Moderate to high recreational value due to sandy beach and undistrubed native habitats. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Migrating Barrier Spit Characteristics: This segment is the site of numerous historic tidal passes which open and close by spit separation and coalescence, especially seen during the 1960's. Morgan Pass opened in 1982 during the no-name storm. Beach Width (ft.): 116 Dune/"'ashover Width (it) 110 Transect No: 70 Dune Characteristics: Newly deposited sand of Morgan Spit is being colonized ~ith native dune vegetation and by scattered clumps of Casuarina. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Morgan spit vegetated as described under dune section. Interior islands dominated by mangroves; the infrequent high hammocks vegetated by coastal scrub and hammock vegetation. Cultural/Historic: Spanish artifacts have been found on Kice Island/Cape Romano Complex shoreline. See cultural/historic summary. fish and Wildlife: Minimal sea turtle nesting due to lack of sandy beach. Resource Values: Extensive undisturbed wetland and upland system and open access gives this area a high resource value. Threats: Increased invasion by Casuarina and continued loss of sandy beach by erosion from Morgan Pass. 2ll Comments: A detailed ground resource survey is needed in the near future. HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHAKGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 70 1885-1927: +12.6 1927-1952: -11.6 1952-1962: +15.5 1962-1973: -3.3 1973-1981 : -1.4 Mean Rate: +2.4 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd 3) 0885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : None N/A N/A N/A N/A Net Change: Migrational History: Ephemeral tidal passes open and close periodically on this segment since 1885. Approximately 2000 feet of sandy beach along the northern-most part of this segment lost betW'een 1982 and 1984, following the opening of Morgan Pass in the no-name storm. Migrational Rate: -0.7 ft./yr. and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: EROSION. Continued insular instablility with emphemeral pass formation occurring, especially during episodes of tropical storm activity. 212 STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: None Stillwater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): N/A Location: N/A Hazard Potential: SEVERE. The category to which this segment has been assigned summarized the hazard. Continued migration and potential formation of ephemeral passes make this segment extremely unstable in a geo- physical sense. ~~~AGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit P15, Cape Romano. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and tra~sportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: No construction or shoreline stabilization should be permitted on this segEent due to its extreme instability (as demonstrated over the last two years) and severe hazard potential. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/34 213 BEACH SEG~ENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Morgan Spit Number: 35 Coastal Barrier Unit: Morgan Island Coastal Management Unit: Picayune - Camp Keasis USGS Topo Quad: Cape Romano Island 4635 I SW Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: 76 - 77 DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: None County BERM Transects No: 71 County Field Stations No: None Locations: N/A DNR Transects No: None Benchmark Elev: K/A FEMA Transects No: None LENGTH ~\~ WIDTH FEET Length: 3800 M.inimum Width: 300 Minimum Width Location: At north end of segment line L~~D Ol-.'NERSHIP FEET PERCENT Public: o o Private/Developed: o o Private/Undeveloped: 3800 100 (see comre~nts) Comments: Scattered intermittent, ephemeral structures and beach houses. Predominant area still undeveloped but the number of houses increase each year. 214 LA.\l) USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: o o Mult i-Family: o o Hotel/Motel: o o Other Commercial: o o Open Land: 3800 10 Comments: A few single-family structures scattered throughout segment. Percentages too low to be measured. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100% % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: No CCCL was ever established for this segment. SHORELINE STRUCTURES SeaW'alls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 3800 100 Other Structures: None Corr~ents: No shoreline stabilization should be considered nor permitted on this segment. 215 PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By ',.,'ater Only Number of Access Points: Unlimited Location: Entire Segment Parking: No Recreational Value: High, due to extensive beach and open access. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Migrating Barrier Spit Characteristics: A low, narrow spit sparsely vegetaled by overwash-tolerant or overwash induced plants. Beach Width (ft.): 141 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 200 Transect No: 71 Dune Characteristics: Building sand spit colonized by native supratidal berm and dune species. Low wet areas colonzied by wetland species. Some Casuarina colonization in scattered locations. CE.ARACTERISTICS Vegetation: See dune characteristics. Cultural/Historic: Spanish artifacts have been found on Kice Island/Cape Romano Complex shoreline. See cultural/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Sea turtle probably nesting along this segrnen t . Resource Values: Extensive undisturbed wetland and upland system and open access gives this area a high resource value. Threats: Future development impacts and increased Casuarina invasion. Comments: A detailed resource ground survey should be conducted in near future. 216 PISI0RICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CH.~GE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 71 1885-1927: -8.8 1927-1952: -4.6 1952-1962: -38.5 1962-1973: +55.7 1973-1981 : N/A Mean Rate: +6.8 ~earshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Prof ile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : t-;one t'./A t'./A t'./A N/A Net Change: N/A Migrational History: This spit accreted rapidly following pass closure to the north during the late 1950's. Migrational Rate: +18.0 ft./yr. and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Accretional and probably continuing unless overwashing or breaching by storms produces ephemeral inlet. 5TO&"1 HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: None Stillwater Elev (ft.): N/A Wave Crest Elev (ft.): t-;/A Location: N/A 217 Hazard Potential: SEVERE. Recently accreted spits such as this one exemplify land forms that are extremely tenuous and which could be eroded completely during a single storm. Loss of sandy beach in segment 034 might indicate the return to an erosional cycle tied to the existence of an open pass. This pattern is evident on past air photos. MANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit P15, Cape Romano. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October I, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: There should be a close scrutiny at any proposed site development or land alteration in this area. Every effort should be made to discourage con- struction of permanent structures due to high storm hazard, high shoreline migration rate, and lack of flood insurance. All proposed structures should be considered for temporary, short term use, and should be constructed on pilings and be designed to withstand severe storm wind and wave conditions. Maximum setback from beach should be achieved with a requirement that all rubble be removed following storm destruction. No stabili- zation of the shoreline should be attempted or permitted. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/35 218 Coastal Barrier 10. Cape Ro~ano Island Shoreline Change. Cape Rorrano Island formed in response to the interaction of predominant south and southeasterly winds and a large subtidal sand supply in the Cape Romano shoals. These winds transported sand around Cape Romano and deposited it on Cape Romano Island, which trends northeast from the Cape itself. The acute intersection of Morgan Island and Cape Romano Island forms a classic cape feature. The shoreline of the apex of the Cape built seaward 700 feet from 1927 to 1952, and then eroded 800 feet from 1952 to 1981. Farther to the northeast the shoreline has been relatively stable. Storm Characteristics. The following information on storm charac- teristics for Cape Romano Island unit is excerpted from Flood Insurance Stud: Wave Hei ht Anal sis--Collier Count , Florida, Unincor orated Areas (FEMA 1982) (Coastal Management Atlas, Page 11). From Grassy Bay around Cape Romano to Camp Lulu Key, waves with heights of up to 11 feet can be expected along the open coast shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico and the shoreline of Gullivan Bay. These waves will be diminished within 1.5 miles of the open coast by vegetation and rising ground elevation. Moving inland, waves with heights of up to 5 feet will be regenerated across ButtoDW'ood, Pumpkin, Faka Union, and Faka- hatchee Bays. and waves with heights of up to 4 feet will be regenerated across Blackwater Bay. Again, dense vegetation and rising ground elevation will quickly reduce the waves along the shorelines. In addition, waves with heights of up to 2 feet can be expected at Blue Hill, Goodland, and Sugar Bays. These waves will also be rapidly diminished by dense vegetation and rising elevation. Maximum wave crest elevations are 22 feet at the shore- lines of the Gulf of ~exico and Gullivan Bay, 17 feet at Buttonwood. Pumpkin, Faka- rnion and Fakahatchee Bays, 14 feet at Blackwater Bay and Blue Hill Bay, and 11 feet at Goodland and Sugar Bays. Wave action continues inland for approximately 3.5 miles in the western areas and for approximately 7 miles in the eastern areas. Tidal surge elevations of 6 to 9 feet continue for approximately 10 additional miles in the western area and for approximately 4 miles in the eastern area. Beach, Dune and Washover Zone Characteristics. The Cape Romano coasta: barrier unit is approximately 2.3 miles in length. On this stretch of coast, 45% is Native Coa8tal Strand, dominated by native grasses and shrubs, and 55% is Mangrove Forest with an understory consisting of grasses and succulent herbs. 219 BEACH SEG~ENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum \"'id th: Minimum Width Location: LAND OWNERSHIP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Cape Romano 36 Cape Romano Picayune - Camp Keasis Cape Romano 4635 I SW 77 - 79 None 72 None ~/A None Benchmark Elev: N/A None FEET 3840 300 At east end of dredged area. FEET PERCENT 2300 60 0 0 1540 40 Comrr,ents: Private land undeveloped at present except for what appears to be a dredged area through the mangrove wetland and into the upland scrub. __"IIIl\IIO.. IT .n .~1Ii' 1r 220 U_':D USE FEET P ERe E1\1 Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 3840 100 Comments: Both private/undeveloped and public open land exist on this segment. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100 % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: No CCCL established for this segment. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 3840 o Other Structures: None Comments: Shoreline stabilization should not be considered or permitted for this beach segment. 221 Pl1BLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By Water Only Number of Access Points: Unlimited Location: Entire Segment Parking: None Recreational Value: High due to wide sandy beach and extensive, unaltered natural habitats. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: Arcuate Beach Ridge Barrier Island Characteristics: A wide cape made up of arcuate and truncate beach ridges, having elevations of 5 ft. or less. The region is vegetated by mangrove, and coastal strand and ha~~ock communities. Beach Width (ft.): 53 Dune/Washover Width (ft) 80 Transect No: 72 Dune Characteristics: Dune area vegetated by native dune grasses and scrub. ~early no colonization by Casuarina at present. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Dune area as above with scattered coastal ha~Eocks in protected stable areas. Extensive interior areas covered by mangrove wetlands. Cultural/Historic: Spanish artifacts have been found on Kice Island/Cape Romano Complex shoreline. See cultrual/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Sea turtles probably nesting along this segment. Resource Values: Very high to extensive undisturbed uplands and wetlands. A wide range of native h.ibitats present. Threats: Potential impact due to alteration of private areas. Comments: Detailed ground survey to be conducted in near future. Effort should be made to acquire remaining tracts in private ownership. 222 HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 72 1885-1927: +4.8 I 1927-1952: -0.1 1952-1962: -2.0 r 1962-1973: +6.7 1973-1981: +24.3 Mean Rate: +6.8 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft. : -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft. : -15 Ft. to -20 Ft. : Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: None N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A The Cape accreted during the early part of the century, but erosional fluctuations also occurred. Since 1960, considerable accretion has occurred. +6.3 ft./yr. and accelerating Predicted Migrational Future: Accretional; presumably slow to moderate. STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: Stillwater Elev (ft.): Wave Crest Elev (ft.): L Location: l None N/A 11-22 ft. ~/A 223 Hazard Potential: LOW TO MODERATE. The orientation of Cape Romano Island away from the pre- dominant approach of waves, has con- tributed to the historical stability of the area. MANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit PIS, Cape Romano. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October I, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Public lands should be maintained as a natural state. There should be a close scrutiny of any proposed development or alteration of lands in private ownership. Every effort should be made to permit only structures and/or activities designed to minimize adverse impact on adjacent public lands. Private lands should be acquired if offered. BEACH SEGMENT DATA FORM/36 l. 224 BEACH SEGMENT DATA SHEET DESCRIPTORS Segment Name: Number: Coastal Barrier Unit: Coastal Management Unit: USGS Topo Quad: Coastal Management Atlas Page Numbers: DATA STATIONS Army Corps Profiles No: County BERM Transects No: County Field Stations No: Locations: DNR Transects No: FEMA Transects No: LENGTH AND WIDTH Length: Minimum Width: Minimum Width Location: LAND O\..'NERSHIP Public: Private/Developed: Private/Undeveloped: Romano Spit 37 Cape Romano Picayune - Camp KeBsis Cape Romano, FL 4635 1 SW 79 - 82 None 73 None N/A None Benchmark Elev: N/A None FEET 10,800 200-250 Near north end of the Cape FEET PERCENT 6070 56 I 4730 44 Comments: Private land is 46 lots that average approximately 110 by 550 feet in dimension and are oriented perpendicular to the shoreline of Gullivans Bay. The remainder of the land is owned by the State. l 225 LAND USE FEET PERCENT Single-Family: 0 0 Multi-Family: 0 0 Hotel/Motel: 0 0 Other Commercial: 0 0 Open Land: 10800 100 Comments: No structues have yet been built on the private land of this beach'segment. CCCL AND DEVELOPMENT SETBACK % Segment w/o CCCL: 100% % Development Seaward CCCL: N/A Maximum Intrusion (ft.): N/A Comments: No CCCL was established for this beach segment. SHORELINE STRUCTURES Seawalls FEET PERCENT w/o Riprap: o o w/ Riprap: o o Revetments Buried: o o Exposed: o o Non-Stabilized Shoreline 10000 100 Other Structures: None Comments: Shoreline stabilization should not be considered or permitted on this beach segment. l 1 226 PUBLIC BEACH ACCESS Access/Exit Route: By Water Only Number of Access Points: Unlimi ted Location: Entire Segment Parking: None Recreational Value: High value due to undisturbed nature of area and open sandy beach. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCE INVENTORY Type: R~curved Barrier Spit Characteristics: A low series of recurved spits vegetated primarily by mangroves. Beach Width (ft.): 35 Dune/v.'ashover Width (ft) 80 Transect No: 73 Dune Characteristics: Dune area vegetation by native dune grasses and scrub next to no colonization by Casuarina at present. CHARACTERISTICS Vegetation: Dune area as above with scattered coastal hammocks in protected, stable areas. Extensive interior areas covered by mangrove ....etlands. Cultural/Historic: Spanish artifacts have been found on Kice Island/Cape Romano Complex shoreline. See cultrual/historic summary. Fish and Wildlife: Sea turtles probably nesting along this segment. Resource Values: Very high to extensive undisturbed uplands and wetlands. A wide range of native habitats present. Threats: Potential impact due to alteration of private areas. Comments: Detailed ground survey to be conducted in near future. Effort should be made to acquire remaining tracts in private ownership. t 227 l L HISTORICAL ANALYSES OF SHORELINE CHANGE Erosion Rate Measurements (ft./yr.) Transect No: 1885-1927: +4.8 1927-1952: +19.7 1952-1962: -36.1 1962-1973: +6.1 1973-1981: -3.3 Mean Rate: -1.8 Nearshore Volumetric Changes (yd3) (1885-1970) Army Corps Profile No: +3 Ft. to -3 Ft.: -3 Ft. to -9 Ft.: -9 Ft. to -15 Ft.: -15 Ft. to -20 Ft.: Net Change: Migrational History: Migrational Rate: None N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Romano Spit has accreted slightly during the past 100 yrs. N/A Predicted Migrational Future: Presumed to be essentially accretional and stable STORM HAZARDS FEMA Evaluation Transect No: Stillwater Elev (ft.): Wave Crest Elev (ft.): Location: None N/A N/A N/A 228 Hazard Potential: LOW TO MODERATE. As with the previous segment, the orientation away from predominating wave approach has con- tributed to the spit's stability. MANAGEMENT This segment has been classified as an undeveloped coastal barrier under P.L. 97-348, the 1982 Federal Coastal Barrier Resources System Act. It is included in Unit PIS, Cape Romano. This Act prohibits the use of most Federal funds (e.g., financial assistance for new utility and transportation facilities) for projects on designated undeveloped coastal barriers. In addition, as of October 1, 1984, no Federally subsidized flood insurance coverage is available for any coastal barriers classified as such. At present, the State of Florida is also considering similar restrictions on State financial assistance for projects on or to Federally classified undeveloped coastal barriers. Recommendations: Public lands should be maintained in a natural state. There should be a close scrutiny of any proposed development on alteration of lands in private ownership. Every effort should be made to permit only structures and/or activities designed to minimize adverse impact on adjacent public lands. Private lands should be acquired if offered. BEACH SECMENT DATA FORM/37 L 229 Cultural/Historic Summary. l Although Collier County is one of the potentially richest archae- logical sites in the entire state, no detailed cultural/historic survey has been conducted along the shoreline of County. Certain facts however are known about several prehistoric and historic cultures which might be encountered along the coastal barriers. Artifacts produced by such cultures are found along the sandy shoreline and can be divided into three categories: 1) Aboriginal artifacts; 2) European artifacts; 3) fossilized-and subfossilized animal remains. Aboriginal artifacts are primarily Calusa in origin, although there is evidence of active trade or cultural interchange both with eastern Florida pre-hispanic tribes such as the Tequesta, Timucua, or Ays, as well as a lesser exchange with Mexican Amerinds, including Aztecs, Maya and perhaps Toltecs. European artifacts tend to be primarily Spanish in origin. However, objects from the Seminole and Miccosuki tribes which migrated into or were forced into South Florida during the early 1800's are also found. These cultural items are a mixture of Amerind (Seminole/Cherokee) and European trade items (e.g. glass beads, mirror fragments, coins, iron, brass or steel objects) and are often stratigraphically mixed in the same site with earlier Calusa or other aboriginal relics. Animal remains may be prehistoric (fossilized) or protohistoric (subfossilized) and include a panoply of relics such as mastodon, giant sloth, camel, horse, bear, and other ungulate and carnivore bones and teeth. Another large component consists of shells, tests and carapaces of various shallow water invertebrates that lived in the area. Much of these remains form a semi-permanent basement foundation which is only recognized during excavation for roads, quarries canals or other land developmental activities. Subfossil remains include vertebrae and bones, turtle or tortoise scutes, and shells and tests of various invertebrate animals utilized as food, decorative, or hardware items by prehistoric tribes. Aboriginal artifacts can be further classified into three categor- ies: 1) Redeposited materials from burial sites, 2) shell mounds, and 3)campsites that once existed on land but, owing to sea level rise and shoreline recession, have been transported offshore. It is believed that much of these materials are concentrated 10 to 100 yards offshore near the escarpment. Some of these materials (e.g. pottery, projectile points) are also occasionally redeposited onshore in the vicinity where they once existed. For example, redeposited materials have been found on the beach just south of the Lee County line on Barefoot Beach, Delnor Wiggins State Park and Vanderbilt Beach in the vicinity of Clam Pass, Horizon House, Moorings Resident's Beach, Central Avenue and near 18th Avenue South. The second type of aboriginal artifacts (i.e. shell mounds, burial sites and campsites) can be classified as threatened. These artifacts are located inland from the beach often on higher hammocks among the mangrove wetlands. The sites are threatened by potential loss owing to land development (short-term), or to eventual erosion (long term). A well known site in this category was the Doctors Pass shell mound, a site that once existed in former mangrove wetlands, and which now occurs in the vicinity of the intersection of Anchor Rode Drive and Crayton Road. Still other sites are thought to exist in the vicinity of Hickory and ." r l 230 Clam Bays and on the stabilized uplands both north and south of Marco Island. A third type of aboriginal artifacts are found in eroding sites. These are extant remains of long-term residentially occupied sites, and are typified either by the existence of shell mounds, or short-term campsites. The sites become partially eroded by water action thereby carrying the artifacts to the beaches. However, others may still exist in their original site. The best known eroding site was the Gordon Pass shell mound which was excavated near the turn of the century to construct Gordon Drive. It seems quite possible that other eroding, but as yet unrecorded, sites may occur along the sandy shoreline of Collier County. European artifacts are of more recent periods and date from the early Spanish and American settlement in this region. These artifacts include those from shipwreck sites such as Wiggins Pass, Clam Pass and Big Marco Pass areas, and early settler sites (long-term) or camps (short-term). Spanish artifacts have been found on the beach near Wiggins Pass, Doctors pass and at the Kice ISland/Cape Romano area. Other artifacts have been recovered from offshore near Clam Pass, and from homesites on coastal barriers such as Johnson and Cannon Islands. Relict passes (e.g. John's Pass and Hurricane Pass) are potential sites for both aboriginal and European artifacts. A part of the continuing inventory of the resources of Collier County's coastal zone will include a more detailed cultural/historical survey, planned for 1985. This survey, projected to be funded (in part) by the Florida Department of State, Division of Archives, History/Records Management, will be a joint effort between the staff of the County Natural Resources Management Department and the members of the Southwest Florida Archeological Society. l 231 Wildlife Summary. Although no completely detailed survey of the coastal wildlife in Collier County has been made, informal observations and information in scattered publications confirm its diversity and abundance. Despite almost continual destruction of coastal habitats by land development the wildlife in much of these areas, and especially in the less developed coastal zone sections remains relatively undisturbed. In fact, these less developed coastal areas and parks, such as Barefoot Beach State Preserve, Delnor-Wiggins State Park and sections of Pelican Bay, Clam Pass Park, Keewaydin, Coconut and Cannon Island and the Ten Thousand Island region south of Marco Island remain as the most significant wildlife areas in all of coastal Collier County. These areas serve as a habitat and breeding ground for both common species such as raccoons, possums, rabbits, squirrels, and other small mammals, as well as for many endangered species, including the gopher tortoise, river otter, pallid beach mouse, mangrove fox squirrel, and many others. Shore birds and wading birds also inhabit and roost in the coastal areas, and several large rookeries for pelicans, cormorants, egrets, herons, and terns are all located within the Collier County coastal zone. Ibises and roseate spoonbills can be found on sandflats adjacent to mangrove shorelines. In coastal waters, marine mammals such as manatees, porpoises, and occasional black or pilot whales and other cetaceans, are found. An, abundant and wide variety of fishes such as mullet, sheep shead , seat rout , grouper, snook, and other sport and game fishes are annual or seasonal inhabitants of waters near coastal barriers. Although often over exploited, clams, oysters, conch, scallops, stone crabs, lobsters and other commercially valuable invertebrate shellfish can still be found. Barrier beaches also provide important nesting areas for loggerhead sea turtles, even though a drastic decline in the sea turtle population has occurred in the past three decades owing to natural predation by raccoons and birds. Man's attempts to develop and exploit the coastal zone has also caused great depradation to the local sea turtle breeding grounds and nesting sites. For example, Keewaydin Island is one of the few nesting sites in Southwest Florida which has historically had over 50 nest/km/season. Recent surveys show that this site has dropped to less than 10 nests/km. Fortunately, local conservation organization and/or park ranger personnel now patrol most of the undeveloped beaches during nesting season and attempt to prevent predation, as well as to relocate nests and obtain data on logger head sites. It is noteworthy that in spite of the extensive or almost complete development of some of the northern shores of Collier County, such as the Park Shore beach segments, loggerhead crawls and even nests have been catalogued, indicating that the sea turtles are still attempting to return to their old hatching sites even after many years. It would serve little purpose to append a listing of all the species of animals found along the Collier County coastal zone. Instead, Table 1 provides an enumeration of those species which have been classified as rare, endangered, threatened, of special concern, or unique in that they are indicative of special habitats and associations within the coastal barriers. For more complete listings of species the reader is directed to the publications listed in Appendix A. 232 TABLE 1. COASTAL FAUNA OF SPECIAL CONCERN. FISHES Common Snook REPITILES Atlantic Green Turtle Atlantic Hawksb1ll Turtle Atlantic Ridley Turtle Atlantic Loggerhead Turtle Spotted Turtle Gopher Tortoise Eastern Indigo Snake American Alligator MAMMALS Mangrove Fox Squirrel Round-tailed Muskrat Florida Black Bear Everglades Mink Florida Panther West Indian Manatee BIRDS Eastern Brown Pelican Magnificent Frigate Bird Great White Heron Great Egret Little Blue Heron Snowy Egret Louisiana Heron Reddish Egret Yellow-crowned Night Heron Black-crowned Night Heron Least Bittern Wood Stork Glossy Ibis White Ibis Roseate Spoonbill Coopers Hawk Bald Eagle Osprey Peregrine Falcon American Kestrel Florida Clapper Rail Mangrove Clapper Rail Black Rail American Oyster-catcher Cuban Snowy Plover Piping Plover Sooty Tern Royal Tern Sandwich Tern L Centropomus undecimalis Chelonia mydas mydas Eretmochelys imbricata imbricata Lepidochelys kempii Caretta caretta Clemmys guttata Gopherus polyphemus Drymarchon corais couperi Alligator mississippiensis Sciurus niger Neotiber alleni Drsus americanus floridanus Mustela vison evergladinensis Felis con color coryi Trichechus manatus latirostris Pelicanus occidentalis carolinensis Fregata magnificens rothschildi Ardea herodius occidentalis Casmerodius albus Florida caerulea Egretta thula Hydranassa tricolor Dichromanassa rufescens NyctaDassa violacea Nycticorax nycticorax Ixobrychus exilis exilis Mycteria americana Pegadis falcinellus falcinellus Eudocimus albus Aj aia aj aia Accipiter cooperii Haliaeetus leucocephalus Pandion haliaetus carolineDsis Falco peregrinus Falco sparverius paulus Rallus longirostris scottii Rallus longirostris insularum Laterallus jamaicensis Haematopus palliatus Charadrius alexandrinus tenuirostris Charadrius melodus Sterna fuscata Sterna maxima Sterna sandvicensis 233 Species of Special Concern Endangered Endangered Endangered Threatened Rare Species of Special Concern Threatened Threatened Threatened Species of Special Concern Threatened Threatened Endangered Endangered Threatened Threatened Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Co~cern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Endangered Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Endangered Species of Special Concern Endangered Threatened Unique Unique Unique Species of Special Concern Endangered Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern Species of Special Concern TABLE 1. COASTAL FAUNA OF SPECIAL CONCERN. (Continued) BIRDS (Continued) Black Skimmer Mangrove Cuckoo Burrowry Owl Florida Scrub Jay Black-whiskered Vireo Florida Prairie Warbler L Rynchops niger Coccyzys minor Athenia cunicularia floridana Aphelocoma coerulescens coerulescens Vireo altiloquus Dendrolca discolor paludicola 234 Species of Special Concern Rare Species of Special Concern Threatened Rare Species of Special Concern SECTION 5 FL~URE DIRECTIONS Over the upcoming years a number of new features will be added to the Coastal Management Unit System. To make this system easier to work with and update, all coastal information will be incorporated into a Departmental data base management program. This program will utilize the Department's IBM personal computer and the Community Development Divi- sions' I.B.M. 5520 Information Processing System to enhance data retriev- al and analysis. This work will commence with the input of detailed, site-specific information contained on the beach segment data sheets, followed by information on coastal barrier and drainage districts not specifically covered by these sheets. Another forthcoming project is the subdivision of drainage districts and coastal barrier units into their discrete ecological zones and the collection of additional habitat-specific resource and land-use impact data. Those areas of the County's coastal zone that are currently undeveloped and under private ownership (termed Coastal Resource Manage- ment and Recreation Areas in Technical Report 84-1) will be the first areas to be subdivided. This project has a number of tasks, including the identification and mapping of the major ecological zones, the des- cription of resource values and limiting factors within each zone, the listing and analysis of potential land-use activities and concomitant impacts proposed for those zones. The project also includes the creation of resource land-use matrices to synthesize these data, and guidelines for activities that could be undertaken with minimal impact if designed accordingly. The major ecological zones upon which this project will be based will represent further sub-units of the drainage district, coastal barrier, and beach segment management units described in this report. As time and staff support becomes available, similar mapping and sub-unit definition will be undertaken for the other areas of the County's coastal zone not covered specifically by the aforementioned project. .r 1 l 235 APPENDIX A LIST OF PUBLICATIONS PERTAINING TO COASTAL FAUNA Anomyous. 1968. Rookery Bay area project: a demonstration study in conservation and development, Naples, Florida. The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C. pp. 57-61. Anomyous. 1984. Florida endangered and threatened species management and conservation plan: 1984 update and progress report. Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission. Barnard, J. L. 1969. The families and genera of marine gammaridean amphipoda. U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull. 271, 535 pp. AMPHIPOD CRUSTACEANS Bohlke, J. E. & C. C. G. Chaplin. 1968. Fishes of the Bahamas and adjacent tropical waters. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., by Livingston Publ. Co., Wynnewood, Pa., 771 pp. TROPICAL FISHES Carr, A. & C. J. Goin. 1959. Guide to the reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fishes of Florida. Vniv. Florida Press, Gainesville, 341 pp. FROGS, TOADS NE\o.PfS, SAL.A}oI.ANDERS, SNAKES, TURTLES, LIZARDS, FISHES Carr, A. F., Jr. 1977. A key to the breeding-songs of Florida frogs. Fla. Natur., (December), pp. 18-23. FROGS AND TOADS Chace, F. A. 1972. The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean Expeditions with a summary of the West Indian shallow-water species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 98, 179 pp. SHRIMPS Clark, J. (Ed) 1976. The Sanlbel Report: Formulation of a comprehen- sive plan based on natural systems. Conservation Foundation, Washington, D. C. Colin, P. L. 1978. Caribbean reef invertebrates and plants. T.F.H. Publ., Inc. Neptune City, N. J., 512 pp. MARINE INVERTEBRATES AND PLANTS Darovec, J. E., Jr. 1983. Sciaenid fishes (Osteichthyes: Perciformes) of western peninsular Florida. Fla. Dept. Nat. Res., Mar. Res. Labl, Mem. "Hourglass" Cruises, 6 (3), 73 pp. KINGFISH, DRUMS, CROAKER, SEATROL~S Deichmann, E. 1954. The holothurians of the Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bull U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., 89, pp 381-410. SEA CUCUMBERS de Laubenfels, M. W. 1953. A guide to the sponges of eastern North America. Vniv. Miami Mar. Lab., Spec. Publ., Univ. Miami Press, Coral Gables, 32 pp. SPONGES L 236 ) APPENDIX A (Continued) Franz, R. (ed.). 1982. Invertebrates. ~ Rare and endangered biota of Florida. St. Fla. Game Freshwat. Fish Commn. Univ. Presses of Fla., 131 pp. INVERTEBRATES Garrick, J. A. F. 1982. Sharks of the genus Carcharhinus. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Curc. 445, 194 pp. REQUIEM SHARKS Gilbert, C. R. (ed.). 1978. Fishes. Vol. 4. In Rare and endangered biota of Florida. St. Fla. Game Freshwat. Fish Commn. Univ. Presses of Fla., 58 pp. FISHES Gilmore, R. G., Jr., C. J. Donohue & D. W. Cooke. 1981. Fishes of the Indian River lagoon and adjacent waters, Florida. Harbor Branch Found. Tech. Rep. 41, 35 pp + 28 illustrated tables. ESTUARINE, FRESHWATER, MARINE FISHES Gosner, K. L. 1978. A field guide to the Atlantic seashore. The Petersen Field Guide Series, Houghton-Mifflin Co., (No. 24), 328 pp. MARINE AND ESTUARINE PLANTS AND INVERTEBRATES Heard, R. W. 1982. Guide to Common tidal marsh invertebrates of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Miss. Ala. Sea Grant Consort., MASGP- 79-004, 82 pp. TIDAL MARSH INVERTEBRATES Hedgpeth, J. W. 1954. Anthozoa: Wildl. Serv., 89, pp 285-290. The anemones. Fishery Bull. U.S. Fish SEA ANEMONES Kale, H. E., II. 1978. Birds. Vol. 2, Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida. St. Fla. Game Freshwat. Fish Commn., Unv. Presses of Fla., 121 pp. BIRDS Layne, J. N. 1974. The Mammals of South Florida. In Gleason, P. J. (ed.) Environments of South Florida: Present and Past. Miami Geol. Soc. Mem. 2, pp. 386-413. layne, J. ~. (ed.). 1978. Mammals. Vol. 1. In Rare and endangered biota of Florida. St. Fla. Game Freshwat. Fish Cammn, Univ. Presses of Fla., 52 pp. ESTUARINE AND COASTAL BARRIER ASSOCIATED MAMMALS McDiarmid, R. W. (ed.). 1978. Amphibians & Reptiles. Vol. 3. In Rare and endangered biota of Florida. St. Fla. Game Freshwat. Fish Commn, Univ. Presses of Fla., 74 pp. ESTUARINE AND COASTAL BARRIER ASSOCIATES Menzies, R. J. & P. W. Glynn. 1968. The common marine isopod Crustacea of Puerto Rico. Stud. Fauna Curacao Caribb. Isl., 27, 133 pp. ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS Morrill S. and J. Harvey. 1980. Captiva Island pp. 63-67. An environmental assessment of North l 237 APPENDIX A (Continucd) Morris, P. A. 1975. A field guidc to the shells of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and the West Indies. The Petcrsen Field Guide Series (No.3. rev.), Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 330 pp. ESTUARINE AND lofARINE MOSSUSCS Perlmutter. A. 1961. Guide to marine fishes. Bramhall House, New York, 431 pp. ESTUARINE ASSOCIATED AND MARINE SHARKS, RAYS. BONY FISHES Renaud, J. C. 1956. A report on some polychaetous annelids from the Miami-Bimini area. Amer. Mus. Novitates (1812), 40 pp. POLYCHAETE WORMS Robertson, W. B. Jr. and J. A. Kushlan. 1974. The Southern Florida avifauna. In Gleason P. J. (ed.). Environments of South Florida: Present and Past. Miami Geol. Soc. Men. 2 pp. 386-413 Smith, F. G. W. 1948. Atlantic Reef Corals. Univ. Miami Press, Coral Gables, 112 pp + plates. MARINE STONY CORALS Thomas. L. T. 1962. The shallow water amphiurid brittle stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) of Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. Gulf Caribb., l2(4):623-694. ESTUARINE AND ~~INE SERPENT STARFISH Topp, R. W. & F. H. Hoff. Jr. 1972. Flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes). Fla. Dept Nat. Resour., Mar. Res. Lab., Mem. "Hourglass" Cruises, 4(2),125 pp. ESTUARINE AND ~~INE FLATFISHES, SOLES AND FLOUNDERS Voss, G. L. 1980. Seashore life of Florida and the Caribbean. Banyan Books, Miami, 199 pp. ~~GROVES. SEAGRASSES, STRAND PLANTS, INVERTEBRATES Williams, A. B. 1965. Marine decapod Crustaceans of the Carolinas. Fishery Bull. US Fish Wildl Serv., 65(1), 298 pp. CRABS, SHRIMPS, LOBSTERS 238 _ . <116. ..llJ. . ....."1...-'":. ,.~ .,..~"-.:: -:.; ,.- -.., Appendix 1 , '. . ;....;;.;..~!.-._..~,:.. . :"::;~,r~:~= ~ ~~ \~-~'_ :~\OWNRLIST PlYogram Example. Summary assessment of individual land o'w'nership in .the . 'undeveloped coastal zone of Collier County. ;~,Ol~n~:.:~ C~ast:.:on. _' tlc.prefer 1~~~~~~:~~--~-~~~~-~-7 ------------ .~l}~..~"~,32 Water M mt.':6 S 13 T 50 'S 3550 S. TrCli 1 '..' ~,'~.:.~,'fo't;..~""',;'I'-,.,.~:},.,..~~,-.. '~'~::...,.. 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