Exhibit OOO Florida Report on Stations
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Summary Report on Modern Large
Gas Stations with Convenience
Stores in Florida 2012
Florida Department of Transportation
Systems Planning Office
605 Suwannee Street MS 19
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
850‐414‐4900
Questions/Comments: gary.sokolow@dot.state.fl.us
January 2013
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Summary Report on Modern Large Gas Stations with
Convenience Stores in Florida 2012
Over the last 10 years there has been a move to larger convenience market stores and larger numbers of
fueling positions. It is a growing market but many of the trip generation studies done in the past were in
the years before this change. For this reason, we studied 12 modern Convenience Market/Gas Stations
throughout Florida.
The Institute of Transportation Engineers Trip Generation report uses the following independent
variables to predict trips (trip ends)
1,000 ft2 of convenience store
Number of Fueling Positions
For this summary report, we compare the FDOT 2012 study to the land use ITE Land use 853
Convenience Market with Gas Pumps for comparison purposes. We have also just included the Daily
(Weekday) Trip Ends as well as the PM Peak Hour of Adjacent Street Traffic.
The Trip Generation Rates from Our Florida 2012 Study
Description
Trip Rate Formula
Note: As with most retail the practical
directional distribution is 50%/50%
Weekday/Daily Trips
Weekday Trip Ends using 1,000 sq ft of gross
floor area of the convenience store (kft2) Weekday Trips = 1,141.59 * kft2
Weekday Trip Ends using Fueling Positions (FP)Weekday Trips = 233.70 *FP
Weekday Trip Ends using multi Variable
Equation
Weekday Trips = 256.7*FP‐144.5*kft2
PM Peak Hour Trips
PM Peak Hour of Adjacent Street Traffic Trip
Ends
One Hour between 4 and 6 p.m. using 1,000 sq
ft of gross floor area of the convenience store
(kft2)
PM Peak Trips = 85.66 * kft2
PM Peak Hour of Adjacent Street Traffic Trip
Ends
using Fueling Positions (FP)
PM Peak Trips = 17.09*FP
Trip Ends using multi Variable Equation PM Peak Trips = 12.3*FP+15.5*kft2
In these equations:
FP: fueling positions
kft2: 1,000 square feet gross floor area of the convenience market
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Changing Nature of the Convience Market with Gas Pumps Land Use
Observation Technicians on Site with Clipboards and Walkie Talkies
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What we found is shown in the following trip rates and compared them to the existing (9th Edition ITE
Trip Generation report)
Comparison of Trip Generation Rates Convenience Market with Gas Pumps
Daily PM Peak
Weekday Daily Rate
Percent of
2012 FDOT
Study Daily
Rate
PM Peak
of
Adjacent
Street
Percent of
2012 FDOT
Study PM
Peak Rate
Trip Generation Rates using the
Independent Variable 1,000 ft² Convenience Market gross floor area
2012 FDOT Statewide Study 1,141.59 NA 85.66 NA
ITE 853 Convenience Market
with Gas Pumps 845.60 74% 50.92 70%
Trip Generation Rates using the
Independent Variable Fueling Positions
2012 FDOT Statewide Study 233.70 NA 17.09 NA
ITE 853 Convenience Market
with Gas Pumps 542.60 232% 19.07 112%
The previous table shows the following using the average rate.
A comparison of the FDOT 2012 study with previously published Convenience Market with Gas
Pumps (ITE Land Use 853) using square footage as independent variable the results show daily
and PM peak rates higher than the published ITE rate.
A comparison of the FDOT 2012 study with previously published Convenience Market with Gas
Pumps (ITE Land Use 853) using Fueling Positions as independent variable the results show daily
and new 2012 PM peak rates lower than the published ITE rate.
This shows us that there are no clear preferences in the choice of the independent variables. It may be
wise to make a break with the past and look only at the modern convenience markets with large
numbers of fueling positions.
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Perhaps a deeper look at the individual studies that have gone into the ITE averages would provide
some answers. We should try and filter out those national studies that were done before 1995..
The 12 facilities studied by FDOT are all modern convenience markets with a large number of fueling
positions; we feel that that the large number of studies and the wide geographical spread of these
studies in Florida represent the majority of the new facilities that will be built in the future. With this in
mind, these rates from the 2012 study may be the best to use in Florida for studying similar new
convenience markets.
Pass by Trips
The range of pass‐by trip rates was 65‐84 percent with an average of 78 percent. This is significantly
higher than the average of 66 percent found in the ITE Handbook (not to be confused with the ITE Trip
Generation report) for the Convenience Market with Gas Pumps land use. However, the average of only
Florida sites from 2001 ITE Trip Generation Handbook is 76 percent, and our results were quite similar.
The consistency of this data suggests that future developments could reasonably assume about a 77
percent pass‐by rate for sites of this type.
Example Aerial Image to Assist in Pass‐By Observation
Number
of Sites
Percent
Pass‐By
Trips
2012 FDOT Statewide Study 12 78%
2001 ITE Handbook 15 66%
2001 ITE Handbook (FL only) 6 76%ITE LU 853
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Looking At Using Multiple Independent Variables for Better Estimates
We used this opportunity to conducting further analysis using multiple independent variables as
predictors of trip making. ITE only allows uses only one independent variable at a time. However, due to
the increasing uses (fast food, prepared food, other services) that are present at new developments a
more detailed, multivariable analysis might be preferable.
For this study analysis was done for both square footage of convenience space and number of fueling
positions. For this analysis the two following equations were used:
ܹ݁݁݇݀ܽݕ ܶݎ݅ݏ ሺݎݑ݊݀݁݀ሻ ൌ 256.7 ∗ ࡲࡼ െ 144.5 ∗ ࢌ࢚
ܲܯ ܲ݁ܽ݇ ܶݎ݅ݏ ሺݎݑ݊݀݁݀ሻ ൌ 12.3 ∗ ࡲࡼ 15.5 ∗ ࢌ࢚
In these equations:
FP: fueling positions
kft2: 1,000 square feet gross floor area of the convenience market
These equations both had R2 of over 0.88, which is a good indication of predictabiulity.
Sample Values Matrix of Recommended Equation for
Weekday Trips
Sample Values Matrix of Recommended Equation for
PM Peak Hour Trips
10 15 20 25
2 150 220 280 340
3 170 230 290 350
4 190 250 310 370
5 200 260 320 390
Trips (rounded)= 12.3*FP+15.5*kft 2
Fueling Positions
1,000 ft2 Convenience10 15 20 25
2 2,280 3,560 4,850 6,130
3 2,130 3,420 4,700 5,980
4 1,990 3,270 4,560 5,840
5 1,840 3,130 4,410 5,700
Trips (rounded)= 256.7*FP ‐144.5*kft 2
Fueling Positions
1,000 ft2 Convenience
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Some of the Detailed Scatter Charts from the Study
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